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Slany, Katarzyna. "Herstory in Young Adult Fiction by Joanna Rudniańska Based on the Examples of „Rok Smoka” and „Kotka Brygidy”". Czytanie Literatury. Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze, n.º 8 (30 de dezembro de 2019): 301–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2299-7458.08.28.
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The paper discusses young adult fiction by Joanna Rudniańska, whose works belong to the stream of non-conformist coming-of-age novels marked by experiences of exclusively teenage girls/women, developing in Poland since the 1990s. Both Rok Smoka and Kotka Brygidy emphasise the personal quality of teenage girls and women, and present their fates with a particular consideration of their fairly individualised processes of maturation and intentional development of their identities. The author of this paper employs feminist methodologies to emphasise the ambivalent, borderline, and negative female experiences in the analysed texts. She offers a detailed interpretation of how the protagonists of the above-mentioned novels experience the world; she applies a metaphorical and fantastic perspective of telling herstories, while searching for matrilineal traces, the phenomenon of sisterhood, drastic rituals inscribed in the feminine domain, and the special kind of coming-of-age which constitutes the starting point for personal and subjective herstories.
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Gondor-Wiercioch, Agnieszka. "Nomadic Sisters: Migrant Identity in Joanna Bator’s Cloudalia and Sandra Cisneros’ Caramelo". Porównania 33, n.º 1 (31 de julho de 2023): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/por.2023.1.20.
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The article provides a comparative analysis of Joanna Bator’s Cloudalia and Sandra Cisneros’ Caramelo with regard to similar identity construction of the main female characters. Both authors concentrate on young women (Dominika Chmura in Cloudalia and Celaya Reyes in Caramelo) who set out for a journey of feminist self-discovery, crossing the boundaries of geography, history and culture. The author of the article argues that, despite the obvious differences between Poland and Mexico, the protagonists rebel against the same legacy of the Catholic patriarchal culture, reinforced by national visions of history and literary canon in the respective countries, and they gradually manage to rework historical trauma by reconstructing the doppelganger figure and creating new transcultural feminist paradigms. The arguments are reinforced not only by references to autobiographical motives in Bator’s and Cisneros’ fiction and diaries, but also by transnational identity studies of Zygmunt Bauman and Amaryll Chanady.
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Okoński, Piotr, Agnieszka Parfin, Patrycja Pałczyńska, Krystian Wdowiak, Aleksandra Witas, Witold Wojdan e Weronika Sakowska. "The knowledge of young women about cervical cancer". Polish Journal of Public Health 131, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2021-0009.
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Abstract Introduction. Women in Poland suffer from and die of cervical cancer more often than women from other European countries. The reason for this phenomenon is the fact that women in Poland are reluctant to perform Pap smear tests. Reluctance to undergo a Pap smear is due to low awareness of its course. Numerous studies show that women do not know much about the course of illness, risk factors and prevention of cervical cancer. In its prevention, health behaviors are important from the moment of sexual initiation, so it is important that young women have sufficient knowledge about it. Aim. Determining the state of knowledge of the respondents, comparing social awareness to previous research and proposing new preventive solutions. Material and methods. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted in electronic form among women aged 16-25 from all over Poland. The study was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire (Google form) completed online. The questionnaire contained closed questions verifying the knowledge of the topic under study and personal information. The following computer programs were used for statistical analysis of data: Statistica and Microsoft Excel. Results. Almost half of the surveyed women believes that the use of oral hormonal contraception does not increase the risk of developing cervical cancer. One in ten women does not know about the existence of an HPV vaccine. Nearly one third of the respondents do not see a gynecologist at all. Nearly two-thirds of women do not perform a Pap smear. Conclusions. The surveyed women have some knowledge concerning cervical prophylaxis, but they rarely use it in practice. However, the knowledge of women about the symptoms and risk factors of cervical cancer is small. Too few women know about the existence of a cervical cancer prevention program in Poland.
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Lubiński, J., B. Górski, T. Huzarski, T. Byrski, J. Gronwald, P. Serrano-Fernández, W. Domagała et al. "BRCA1-positive breast cancers in young women from Poland". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 99, n.º 1 (16 de março de 2006): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-006-9182-3.
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Dębniak, Tadeusz, Cezary Cybulski, Bohdan Górski, Tomasz Huzarski, Tomasz Byrski, Jacek Gronwald, Anna Jakubowska et al. "CDKN2A-positive breast cancers in young women from Poland". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 103, n.º 3 (24 de outubro de 2006): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-006-9382-x.
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Basista, Jakub. "Early Modern Grand Tourer in Poland-Lithuania". Studia Historyczne 61, n.º 4 (244) (1 de junho de 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.04.01.
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Early Modern Grand Tourer in Poland-Lithuania. Fiction or Real Possibility?
In the last fifty or so years, Grand Tour has become a very popular and extensively researched phenomenon. Although mainstream researchers have analyzed various aspects of the Grand Tour, they have tended to adopt a narrow definition limited to the experiences of young English gentlemen undertaking a study tour of Italy and France. This article poses a somewhat provocative question: was the Grand Tour feasible as a study tour of an English gentleman visiting Poland- Lithuania? Based on contemporary travel writing, the author reveals the challenges and the difficult logistics of such an undertaking.
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Witas, Aleksandra, Patrycja Pałczyńska, Krystian Wdowiak, Witold Wojdan, Weronika Sakowska, Marek Kos e Marta Kuszneruk. "The knowledge of young women about breast cancer". Polish Journal of Public Health 131, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2021): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2021-0010.
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Abstract Introduction. Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm among women in Poland. Many factors, both non-modifiable and modifiable, are involved in the development of this cancer, so it is important that women know the risk factors and the principles of cancer prevention. Numerous studies show that the knowledge of women in this area is small. Aim. Determining the state of knowledge about breast cancer of young women in Poland, comparing the analysis of social awareness on this subject with previous research, and identifying the most important preventive measures in this area. Material and methods. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted in electronic form among women aged 16-25 from all over Poland. The study was carried out using a proprietary questionnaire (Google form) completed online. The questionnaire contained closed questions verifying the knowledge of the topic under study and a certificate. The following computer programs were used for statistical analysis of data: Statistica and Microsoft Excel. Results. Less than a third of women knows the typical age at which breast cancer develops and is aware of the relationship between the use of oral hormonal contraceptives and the development of this cancer. Few of the respondents are able to correctly identify the risk factors for breast cancer, practically every tenth respondent knows the principles of breast cancer prevention, and nearly one third of them correctly indicated its symptoms. Conclusions. There are gaps in the knowledge of young women about breast cancer that need to be filled. Education in the field of breast self-examination and risk factors for breast cancer development is a priority, which in the future may contribute to increasing the detection of breast changes and reducing the number of breast cancer cases.
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Anish, Beth O’Leary. "Arrived at Last: The Young Women of Elizabeth Cullinan’s Fiction". New Hibernia Review 22, n.º 1 (2018): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nhr.2018.0003.
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Fowler, Doreen. "The Power of Girls and Women in Flannery O’Connor’s Fiction". Studies in the American Short Story 3, n.º 1-2 (novembro de 2022): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/studamershorstor.3.1-2.0121.
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ABSTRACT Claire Katz states that Flannery O’Connor’s portrayal of women and girls is “dominated by a need to expose their weakness.” This essay demonstrates that her view of male and female power evolved throughout her career. In her early fiction, she represents women as weak and boys as powerful. In “A Circle in the Fire,” three young boys dominate a mother and a young girl. In her later fiction, she shows that male power is a mere illusion and that girls and women are more powerful than male figures. This essay provides instances of female power in three of her later works, “The Comforts of Home,” “A View of the Woods,” and “Revelation.”
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Choda, K., e J. Gorbaniuk. "Retrospective assessment of fathers’ parental attitudes and attachment styles among young adult women in Poland and Ukraine". Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools 44, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2021): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33531/farplss.2021.2.2.
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The aim of the study was to analyse the connection between retrospective assessment of fathers’ parental attitudes and attachment styles in close relationships of young adult women in Poland and Ukraine. Respondents completed Parental Attitudes Retrospective Assessment Questionnaire and Attachment Styles Questionnaire, both by Mieczyslaw Plopa. The study involved 116 women in Poland and 116 women in Ukraine. The results showed that women in Poland, were attached securely in their close relationships more often, when their fathers were accepting and autonomy-giving, and less overdemanding and inconsistent. Inconsistency, overdemandingness and lack of acceptance and autonomy of a father, conduced anxious-ambivalent attachment among their daughters. Avoidant attachment more often described women, whose fathers were inconsistent, rejecting and were not giving autonomy. Women in Ukraine were attached securely in their close relationships more often when their fathers were accepting, autonomy-giving, and overprotecting. Inconsistency of a father conduced anxious-ambivalent attachment among their daughters. Avoidant attachment more often described women, whose fathers were inconsistent and rejecting. The secure attachment style characterized more often women in Poland, and the avoidant one was manifested more frequently by women in Ukraine. Higher level of overprotection parental attitude was noticeable among women in Ukraine. The value of the studies undertaken, can be noticeable especially in the matters of developing conscious fatherhood in the contemporary family and among others in the functioning of partners in multi-ethnic relationships.
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Monika, Bąk-Sosnowska, Pawlicka Natalia e Warchał Mateusz. "Body image and lifestyle in young women from Poland and Japan". Women's Studies International Forum 55 (março de 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2016.02.004.
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Kovalova, Daryna. "FEMINIST DISCOURSE OF WOMEN’S POETRY OF YOUNG POLAND". Polish Studies of Kyiv, n.º 37 (2021): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2021.37.186-195.
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In the XIX-XX centuries. the emancipation of women had a strong influence on the established order of society. It was most evident in the works of contemporary writers. The article explores a little-known topic of women’s poetry of the literary period of Young Poland. The article analyzes the thematic range, issues and corporeality of poetry of Bronislava Ostrovska, Maryla Volska, Marcelina Kulikovska, Maria Komornitska and others. The essay examines the work of these women writers in the projection of the active development of feminist discourse through the prism of socio-political, cultural and gender characteristics. In women’s poetry of Young Poland there are recurring thematic areas, especially marked by corporeality and sensuality, such as love and erotica, motherhood, old age, disease and pain, the experience of death, the body also directs and profiles issues of creativity, sacred, metaphysics and cultural change. Particular attention needs to be paid to women’s experiences, which consist in the expansion of biology or the feeling of sexuality (pregnancy, childbirth), which became the discovery and description of the first half of the last century, referred to as the process of feminization of culture. They not only imitated contemporary poets, but also made a significant contribution to the development of the symbolic coordinates of this period. Their poetry is also characterized by decadent, impressionistic and expressionist motives. Female poets turned to popular topics for the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, such as love, nature, the meaning of existence, escape from reality, feelings of powerlessness and more. But they were not limited to philosophical and landscape lyrics. Further research on the creative path of poets of the Young Poland period is very promising, because they were not only active participants in the literary pro- cess, but also influenced future generations of Polish poets, who, following their example, developed themes of women’s experience, sensuality and corporeality in their work. These literary figures are also interesting for Ukrainian literary criticism, because some of the mentioned poets lived for some time in Lviv, Kyiv and Kharkiv, and therefore, intertwined with the Ukrainian literary process.
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Luboń, Arkadiusz. "Brutalne wersy. Przemiany norm gatunkowych literackiego horroru a translatorskie strategie polskich popularyzatorów poezji grozy – przypadek antologii Roberta Stillera i Leszka Lachowieckiego". Przekładaniec, n.º 46 (2023): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16891864pc.23.008.17972.
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Violent Verses. Transformations of Horror Fiction and Translational Strategies of Polish Popularizers of Gothic Poetry – the Case Study of Anthologies by Robert Stiller and Leszek Lachowiecki The article discusses strategies used in translation of horror poetry in Polish anthologies of this genre in late 1980s and early 1990s when, thanks to political and social transformation, Western popculture with some of its characteristic features became available and popular in Poland. Comparative analysis of the selected translations collected in the volume Danse macabre (1993) by Leszek Lachowiecki, compared to their English, French or German originals (by Howard Phillips Lovecraft, Robert Frost, Richard Wilbur, Vachel Lindsay, Charles Baudelaire and Georg Heym) and earlier Polish versions by Robert Stiller (published in 1986), proves that the later variants amplify and/or introduce numerous lexical items denoting or connotating violence, fear and disgust. Thus, the techniques used by Lachowiecki – aimed at a brutalization of language and emphasising the themes of cruelty, terror and dread – can be perceived as an application of old-fashion style and means (typical for modernist or “Young Poland” literature) in order to adjust aesthetic standards used in poetry to broader cultural trends dominating in contemporary horror fiction.
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Skórzyńska, Izabela. "When epidemics become narrative, women get bogged down in scripts?" LUD Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego i Komitetu Nauk Etnologicznych PAN 107 (10 de novembro de 2023): 248–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/lud107.2023.09.
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In the article, I follow the fate of women - heroines of the pandemic non-fiction literature in Poland, in order to verify the thesis that when women's experiences, such as pandemics or epidemics, become narratives, they themselves get stuck in women's narrative scripts and their variants characteristic of a specific culture. Treating storytelling, in the vein of anthropologists, as a primarily cultural practice, I wonder whether and how the attribution and/or adoption of stories about their own experiences by the heroines of the pandemic and epidemic, enables them to transgress the boundaries of scripts harmful to them, not invalidating their agency, but loudly manifesting their own point of view, different from the one established in culture.
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Misztal-Okońska, Patrycja, Artur Wdowiak, Wojciech Krawczyk e Magdalena Młynarska. "Young Women’s Opinion on the Preferred Family Model". Polish Journal of Public Health 128, n.º 4 (1 de dezembro de 2018): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2018-0032.
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Abstract Introduction. Currently in Poland second demographic transition takes place, main features of it being the drop of the birth rate, postponing the decision of starting a family and having children. Moreover, more people decide to live alone and do not have offspring. These processes lead to great change of the demographic structure of the country, for example low birth rate do not allow for the generational replacement. In addition, with extending the life expectancy, we observe society aging. In the future perspective we can expect prolonging drop of the birth rate, and as a consequence, drop in the number of fertile population and growth in the percentage of after fertile age. Aim. The aim of the paper was to collect opinions of young women on the preferred family model and eliciting reasons that in their opinion determine decision of resigning from having more children. Material and methods. The method used was diagnosing survey and the technique was authors’ questionnaire. The number of 538 women aged 19 to 42 were questioned. Results. The majority of the questioned women would prefer to have a family with two children (M-51.91) and three children (M-34.4). At the same time, the majority of the questioned mothers (62.13%) had one child, 31.49% – two children and only 5.10% – had three children. In the opinion of the questioned women, two main reasons for decision about having less children are the unemployment and low salaries. Large percentage of women (every second one) is afraid of the negative attitude of the employer towards maternity leaves. Conclusions. One of the reason of giving up or postponing decisions about motherhood and having small number of children by those who decide to be mothers in Poland may be concerns about professional and economic situation.
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Tomaszewska, Agnieszka, e Mateusz Sikora. "The incidence and extraction causes of third molars among young adults in Poland". Anthropological Review 82, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2019): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2019-0018.
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Abstract Despite many years of observation, the issue of third molars is still open for discussion. Among human teeth, third molars vary the most in number and morphology, which results from genetic changes and environmental factors affecting the evolution of the human dentition. This research aims to study various aspects of third molars in the population of young Poles, such as the incidence, time of eruption and causes of extraction in men and women. The analyses consider the socio-economic status of the respondents, including the frequency of visits to the dentist. Eight hundred students, aged 19–25 (14.4% of men and 85.6% of women) of the universities located in Wroclaw, Poland, took part in an online questionnaire survey. The incidence of third molars was smaller in the women (32.4–34.9%) than in men (47.8–56.5%) (p<0.001). For both sexes, the most frequent causes of extraction were abnormal tooth position (29.6–54.5%) and orthodontic treatment (15.5–27.3%). Both incidence and causes of extraction were related for all the examined pairs of teeth (upper–lower teeth and right–left teeth). The men (17.94–18.49 year) and women (18.42–18.83 year) did not differ in the mean age of their third molars’ eruption. The men visited the dentist less often than the women did (p<0.001). The study presents original research and confronts it with published results. Despite the limitations of an online survey, the results can contribute to more advanced research conducted on a larger scale. In particular, more detailed research is recommended for the Polish population, for which such studies are scarce.
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Izydorczyk, Bernadetta, e Sebastian Lizińczyk. "Factor Structure of the Polish Version of Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-PL)". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 10 (17 de maio de 2022): 6097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106097.
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In Poland, there is no tool for measuring the variable body image that would have standardization or Polish norms adjusted to the population of both women and men. The available Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBRSQ) validation developed in Poland was based on a small population of young women only. The aim of this article is to present Polish adaptation and standardization for polish adult women and men (MBSRQ-AS). In the study, the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Polish version of MBSRQ-AS were tested. The participants were 2688 people, including 1699 young women and 1089 young men. In order to investigate the psychometric properties of the adapted Polish tool, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed. Then, the reliability coefficients were calculated, and the descriptive statistics of individual subscales were checked. The separated subscales are characterized by high indexes of factor loadings, ranging most often from 0.47 to 0.78. Separate subscales of the MBRSQ-PL questionnaire were defined: (1) self-esteem of the body and its parts, (2) self-assessment of physical, (3) self-assessment of external appearance, (4) Negation of one’s own physical activity, (5) Self-assessment of health condition, (6) health anxiety, (7) fear of gaining weight, (8) neglecting health and appearance.
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Skrukwa, Grzegorz. "Between a Relic of the Past and a Socialist Duty: Child and Adolescent Labour in ‘Comunist Poland’ in the Light of Literary Fiction for Young People (1948–1980)". Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 41, n.º 2 (10 de dezembro de 2023): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.007.
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This paper examines the cultural image of child and adolescent labor performed in the People’s Republic of Poland in the years 1948–1989 as was presented in the literary fiction addressed to the young people. During the Stalinist period, literature officially condemned child labor on individual farms, but affirmed the labor of adolescent workers in state industry and construction. After the 1956 Thaw, the subject matter of labor was receding into the background, for several reasons. Nevertheless, the post-1956 youth literature also featured labor-related themes: community works, school cooperatives, work in family crafts, tutoring, and shady trade.
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Kaczmarek, Agnieszka Irena. "Kobiety wśród ludzi gór. Kilka refleksji na temat górskiej literatury anglojęzycznej". Góry, Literatura, Kultura 16 (14 de julho de 2023): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.16.15.
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While Wanda Rutkiewicz’s achievements and her attempts to enter the mountaineering world are being more and more publicized, information about British and American women who tried to become climbers is not widely known in Poland. Thus, this article is an attempt to draw attention to a few selected female endeavours to enter the mountain landscape, which, from the beginning, was usually perceived as a male world rather unsuitable for women. Analyzing the selected passages derived from British and American non-fiction literature published in the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries, the author of this article seeks to show that, admittedly, men allowed women to enter the mountain world, yet in most cases women’s actions were not perceived as appropriate for female climbers.
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Gronwald, Jacek, Anouk Pijpe, Tomasz Byrski, Tomasz Huzarski, Małgorzata Stawicka, Cezary Cybulski, Flora van Leeuwen, Jan Lubiński e Steven A. Narod. "Early radiation exposures and BRCA1-associated breast cancer in young women from Poland". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 112, n.º 3 (18 de janeiro de 2008): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-008-9892-9.
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Lubinski, J. A., J. Gronwald, A. Pijpe, T. Byrski, T. Huzarski, M. Stawicka, C. Cybulski, F. van Leeuwen e S. A. Narod. "Early radiation exposures and BRCA1-associated breast cancer in young women from Poland". Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, n.º 15_suppl (20 de maio de 2008): 1525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.1525.
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Kozłowska, Magdalena. "“Did You Teach Us to Do Otherwise?”". Aspasia 14, n.º 1 (1 de março de 2020): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/asp.2020.140106.
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The article deals with the issue of Jewish youth movements’ contribution to women’s empowerment in interwar Poland using the example of the socialist movement Tsukunft. The article explores the movement’s politics of memory in the interwar period and the selection of heroines whom the young women of Tsukunft were supposed to emulate, as well as real-life examples of Bundist women activists of the interwar period who served them as role models. In its examination of this alternative to the examples proposed by the mainstream state narrative, the article offers a view of Jewish social life in Poland, but also asks more specific questions, such as the true nature of relationships between Bundist women and men.
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Abdullah, Muhammad. "Love, matrimony and sexuality: Saudi sensibilities and Muslim women's fiction". Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan 26, n.º 2 (19 de dezembro de 2019): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46521/pjws.026.02.0005.
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All those desires, discriminations, success stories, and confrontations that otherwise might not have seeped into mainstream discourses are subtly said through the stories that mirror Arab women‟s lives. Girls of Riyadh is a postmodern cyber-fiction that delineates subjects we usually do not get to hear much about, i.e. the quest of heterosexual love and matrimony of young Arab women from the less women-friendly geography of Saudi Arabia. Though in the last two decades the scholarship on alternative discourses produced by Muslim women have been multitudinous, there is a scarcity of critical investigations dealing with creative constructions of postfeminist, empowered Muslim woman, not battling with patriarchal power structures, but negotiating aspects that matter most in real life: human associations and familial formations. This paper engages with the categories of love, marriage, and sexuality, drawing upon the lives of four educated, successful, „velvet class‟ Saudi women. The significance of this study is linked with carefully challenging some of the stereotypes about Arab women as victims of forced marriages and their commonly perceived discomfort with love at large. The study reveals that it is men who need to “man up” against cultural conventions since women are increasingly expressive in their choices and brave enough to face the consequences audaciously.
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Abdullah, Muhammad. "Love, matrimony and sexuality: Saudi sensibilities and Muslim women's fiction". Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan 26, n.º 2 (19 de dezembro de 2019): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46521/pjws.026.02.005.
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All those desires, discriminations, success stories, and confrontations that otherwise might not have seeped into mainstream discourses are subtly said through the stories that mirror Arab women‟s lives. Girls of Riyadh is a postmodern cyber-fiction that delineates subjects we usually do not get to hear much about, i.e. the quest of heterosexual love and matrimony of young Arab women from the less women-friendly geography of Saudi Arabia. Though in the last two decades the scholarship on alternative discourses produced by Muslim women have been multitudinous, there is a scarcity of critical investigations dealing with creative constructions of postfeminist, empowered Muslim woman, not battling with patriarchal power structures, but negotiating aspects that matter most in real life: human associations and familial formations. This paper engages with the categories of love, marriage, and sexuality, drawing upon the lives of four educated, successful, „velvet class‟ Saudi women. The significance of this study is linked with carefully challenging some of the stereotypes about Arab women as victims of forced marriages and their commonly perceived discomfort with love at large. The study reveals that it is men who need to “man up” against cultural conventions since women are increasingly expressive in their choices and brave enough to face the consequences audaciously.
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Như-Quỳnh, Cao Thị, e John C. Schafer. "From Verse Narrative to Novel: The Development of Prose Fiction in Vietnam". Journal of Asian Studies 47, n.º 4 (novembro de 1988): 756–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2057851.
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When Hoàng Ngọc Phàch, a young Vietnamese living in Hanoi, published Tô' Tâm (Pure heart) in 1925, his book immediately became a cause célèbre. The first three thousand copies sold out in two weeks. The publisher printed another two thousand copies, and they too quickly disappeared from the bookstores (Phan Cự Dệ 1974:21). Girls disappointed in love succumbed to the influence of the work and committed suicide by jumping into Lake Tây or Lake Trùe Bạch. The work provoked a debate concerning what was proper reading for young women that continued into the 1930s.
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MAKÓWKA, AGATA, IWONA PARADOWSKA-STANKIEWICZ, LESZEK SZENBORN, SABINE SANTIBANEZ, ANNETTE MANKERZ e BOGUMIŁA LITWIŃSKA. "Measles Outbreak among Roma People in Wrocław, Poland, 2012". Polish Journal of Microbiology 63, n.º 4 (2014): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2014-061.
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A measles outbreak that affected mainly the Roma ethnic group has been observed in Wrocław, southwest Poland, in spring/summer 2012. There were 15 confirmed measles cases occurring among young Roma people aged from 0 to 16 years including a newborn infant, born by a mother who showed measles symptoms immediately after delivery. Measles virus transmission into the general Polish population was restricted to two contact cases. Initiation of the outbreak by MeV importation from Romania has been confirmed by detection of MeV variant "D4-Maramures" circulating in Romania from 2011 to 2012. The outbreak experience highlights once more the still existing prob- lem of immunity gaps in Roma groups moving throughout Europe with a high susceptibility among children and adolescents including young women of child-bearing age.
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Boffetta, Paolo, Matteo Malvezzi, Enrico Pira, Eva Negri e Carlo La Vecchia. "International Analysis of Age-Specific Mortality Rates From Mesothelioma on the Basis of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision". Journal of Global Oncology, n.º 4 (dezembro de 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2017.010116.
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Past analyses of mortality data from mesothelioma relied on unspecific codes, such as pleural neoplasms. We calculated temporal trends in age-specific mortality rates in Canada, the United States, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom, and Australia on the basis of the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases, which includes a specific code for mesothelioma. Older age groups showed an increase (in the United States, a weaker decrease) during the study period, whereas in young age groups, there was a decrease (in Poland, a weaker increase, starting, however, from low rates). Results were consistent between men and women and between pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, although a smaller number of events in women and for peritoneal mesothelioma resulted in less precise results. The results show the heterogeneous effect of the reduction of asbestos exposure on different age groups; decreasing mortality in young people reflects reduced exposure opportunity, and increasing mortality in the elderly shows the long-term effect of early exposures.
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Janowska, Zdzisława. "UKRAINIAN MOTHERS IN POLAND. NEW CHALLENGERS FOR SOCIAL POLICY". Polityka Społeczna 601, n.º 5-6 (30 de junho de 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.6492.
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The aim of this article is to analyse and assess the socio-economic situation of Ukrainian mothers in Poland. It deals with the presentation of the housing situation, difficulties in finding a decent job for highly educated women, deficiencies in universal access to Polish language learning, unequal opportunities in the process of education and care for the young generation and health care. Consequently, the recommendations formulated become challenges for national social policy.
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Stachowska, Ewa, Dominika Maciejewska, Karina Ryterska, Piotr Baszuk, Karolina Skonieczna Żydecka, Maja Czerwińska Rogowska, Joanna Palma et al. "Abdominal Pain and Disturbed Bowel Movements are Frequent among Young People. A Population Based Study in Young Participants of the Woodstock Rock Festival in Poland". Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases 27, n.º 4 (31 de dezembro de 2018): 379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.274.pol.
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Background & Aims: Functional gastrointestinal disorders are prevalent worldwide and alterations of gutbrain axis and intestinal barrier integrity may play a pivotal role in both the pathophysiology and clinical course of these bowel malfunctions. We aimed to assess the prevalence of abdominal pain in a selected adult population of Poland to determine potential environmental factors associated with gastrointestinal complaints.Methods: There were 1479 individuals – 657 women (44.42%) and 822 men (55.58%), aged 24.20±6.08 years. The responders fulfilled an authors’ questionnaire based on Rome II and III criteria focused on the abdominal pain prevalence and environmental factors involved in its occurrence.Results: The frequency of abdominal pain was found to be as high as 19.2%. Male gender (n=822) and basic education level (n=151) lowered the risk of abdominal pain occurrence (OR=0.7, p<0.012 and OR=0.5, p<0.021, respectively). Psychological distress, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and antibiotics usage were found as risk factors of abdominal pain (OR=2.503, p<0.01; OR=3.308, p<0.01; OR=3.105, p<0.01, respectively).Conclusions: Abdominal pain is prevalent in young adult inhabitants of Poland, especially in women. Intense psychological stress, as well as PPIs and antibiotics usage elevate the risk.
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Brzezińska, Joanna. "The problem of women’s crime. Selected tendencies". Nowa Kodyfikacja Prawa Karnego 42 (28 de junho de 2017): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.42.2.
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The objective of this article was to indicate basic tendencies, currently characteristic for women’s crime in Poland. Based on the presented statistical data it has been found that adefinite growth in criminal offences with elements of aggression is currently being recorded and deviant behaviours are not only the domain of mature women but they also occur among young female perpetrators. Moreover, the claim has been challenged stating that women commit criminal acts only against their close relatives in the family environment as currently the prevailing prohibited acts committed by women in Poland include: fights and beating, offences against property, the crime of extortion robbery, theft and extortion as well as severe health injury and murder. It should be highlighted that the only female crime, namely, infanticide, takes amarginal dimension.
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Mielewczyk, Dorota, e Tomasz Czuba. "Poland: the brand". Marketing Intelligence & Planning 29, n.º 1 (8 de fevereiro de 2011): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634501111102751.
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PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine “Poland the brand”, a project which has been funded to ascertain whether Poland had identifiable, quintessentially Polish, products of national origin, that if promoted could help improve Poland's standing within Europe.Design/methodology/approachThe approach taken is primary research with direct interviews methods. The interview questionnaire consisted of 15 questions, including six which were open ended.FindingsTypical character traits ascribed to Poles are: hospitality (28.5 per cent), creativity (12.5 per cent), diligence, familiarity and bravery. Foreigners more often than Poles appreciate the familiarity and openness of Poles. Traditional Polish features that should be kept and maintained are the family ties (92.9 per cent), the memory of the departed (88.2 per cent), patriotism (85.4 per cent), fantasy and romance (77.6 per cent), and courtesy towards women (77.6 per cent). Respondents believe that from the Europeans, Poles should adopt such characteristics as: optimism (96.1 per cent), professionalism (94.9 per cent), openness (94.5 per cent), respect for other people's property (93.3 per cent), tolerance (91.8 per cent), the importance of ties outside the family (90.6 per cent) and respect for law (90.6 per cent).Originality/valueThe paper offers an image of Poland according to Polish and foreign students, focusing on typical Polish brands and strengths of Poland in the eyes of young people (students) born in free Poland.
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Marzęcki, Radosław. "Ideological orientations and left-right self-identifications of young Polish men and women: an image of the political gender-generation gap". Przegląd Politologiczny, n.º 3 (10 de outubro de 2023): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2023.28.3.1.
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The subject of the author’s interest is the diversity of ideological orientations due to gender and age. The theoretical findings so far indicate that in developed democracies already at the end of the 1990s there was a reversal of the ideological positions of women and men. Recent social research shows that also in Poland women identify with the left to a greater extent than men, and in the younger generation these differences are even greater. The aim of the article is to show in detail the ideological differences between young men and women in Poland. The author poses two types of research questions: (1) descriptive and explanatory, which concern the characteristics of similarities and differences in the ideological orientations of young women and men; (2) methodological, which concern how to measure this phenomenon. The author assumes that the measurement of left-right self-identification used in many studies brings an overly simplified picture of the respondents’ real views, beliefs and values, which can be described as ideological orientations. Therefore, he proposes the use of multidimensional tools (issue-based scale) that allow to better describe complex political attitudes. In search of answers, the author analyzes data from his own survey conducted among a large group of Polish students.
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Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila. "The Role of Body Shame and Age on Appearance-Based Exercise and Positive Body Image in Women from Poland: Preliminary Results of a Cluster Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 23 (26 de novembro de 2022): 15741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315741.
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The aim of this study has been to analyse whether body shame and age may play a role in appearance-based exercise and positive body image in Women from Poland. It was assumed that women with high body shame and at the stage of young adulthood have significantly greater levels of appearance-based exercise and lower positive body image than those with a low level of body shame and at the stage of middle adulthood. The final sample included 234 Polish women (age: M = 31.58, SD = 13.93; body mass index: M = 23.45, SD = 4.72). Participants completed: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (OBCS), the Exercise Appearance Motivations Scale (EAMS), the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) and a socio-demographic survey. The cluster analysis technique indicated four distinct clusters: (a) Cluster 1 (N = 83): high body shame and young adulthood; (b) Cluster 2 (N = 29): high body shame and middle adulthood; (c) Cluster 3 (N = 88): low body shame and young adulthood; (d) Cluster 4 (N = 34): low body shame and middle adulthood. The outcomes partially support the hypothesis, as higher levels of almost all subscales related to appearance-based exercise (EAMS: “muscularity”, “societal pressures”, “shape/weight concerns”, “avoidance/shame”) and lower positive body image (BAS-2) were observed in women with high body shame and at the stage of young adulthood compared with women with a low level of body shame and at the stage of middle adulthood. These results indicate that both body shame and age may contribute to the intensity of appearance-based exercise and positive body image deterioration. Clarity on this issue is essential to ensure that an appropriate preventive activity and interventions are made which will be able to take into account the specific sociocultural context in Poland.
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Przybylski, Błażej, Emilia Janeczko, Marcin Studnicki, Ernest Bielinis e Lidia Bielinis. "Young adults’ perspective of global environmental risks: A study on Polish university students". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 9 (22 de setembro de 2022): e0273393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273393.
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This article presents the results of a study conducted on Polish university students to verify how they assess the probability of environmental risks and their potential impact on the socio-economic situation in Poland. To this end, 703 students of public universities in Warsaw were asked to complete risk assessment questionnaires. According to the respondents, of all identified types of threats, technological risks were found to be the most probable, with the environmental ones carrying the most significant social and economic impact. Among those risks, climate change was recognised as the most probable, while environmental contamination was perceived as having the strongest potential impact on Poland. No statistically significant differences were found in the views of women and men on the probability of environmental risks and their impact on the country’s socio-economic situation. Compared with students of technical and economic faculties, students of natural sciences, education, and nursing assessed the probability of environmental risks and the strength of their potential impact in Poland as much higher. The results of the study can be used to develop a communication strategy dedicated to young people in the education of environmental risks.
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Barska, Anetta. "Attitudes of young consumers towards innovations on the food market". Management 18, n.º 1 (1 de maio de 2014): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/manment-2014-0031.
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Summary In this article, the author presents the results of her own surveys concerning attitudes of young consumers - living in the border areas of Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Germany - towards innovation on the market of food products. Innovative food is positively accepted by the young consumers, although it should be noted that large group of consumers are driven by the habits, especially Polish and Czech consumers. The process of diffusion of innovations on the food market among young consumers depends on the country they live in, gender (women considerably faster accept innovations) but is not determined by high incomes.
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Garncarek, Emilia, e Agata Matuszewska-Kubicz. "Young women’s (mother’s) needs and expectations regarding the development of professional competences – A comparative analysis of research results from Poland, Lithuania, Spain and Cyprus". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica, n.º 78 (3 de dezembro de 2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-600x.78.06.
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Over the last two decades, there has been a significant improvement in the participation of women in education and the labour market in the European Union. Nevertheless, there are still many challenges to improving the situation of women. The excessive burden of household duties is a major barrier to the educational and professional activity of women, especially young women with small children. Apart from the inability to balance work and personal life, other factors limiting women’s professional activity include the mismatch between their education and the challenges of the modern labour market. Although the majority of people with higher education are women, when planning their careers, they tend to choose less attractive courses of study which are not linked to the professions of the future. The text presents the results of an analysis of research on the needs and expectations of young women (mothers) regarding the development of professional competences. The results show in which types of activities raising competences the surveyed women participate; how they evaluate the effectiveness of activities raising their competences in the professional area; what factors influence the decision of women to participate in the selected form of training; what are the attitudes of the external environment of the surveyed women towards their participation in training; what problems the surveyed women encounter in connection with participation in training raising their professional competences. The focus was on similarities and differences in statements of young women (mothers) from Poland, Lithuania, Spain and Cyprus who participating in the international project Mommypreneurs.
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Izydorczyk, Bernadetta, Ha Truong Thi Khanh, Małgorzata Lipowska, Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska e Sebastian Lizińczyk. "Psychological Risk Factors for the Development of Restrictive and Bulimic Eating Behaviors: A Polish and Vietnamese Comparison". Nutrients 13, n.º 3 (11 de março de 2021): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030910.
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The aim of this paper is to identify psychological factors which are culture specific or common predictors for restrictive and bulimic behaviors towards eating for young women raised in different cultures. The study included 661 young women from Poland (n = 233) and Vietnam (n = 428). Subjects filled-in the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-3) and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS), and body measurements were collected to calculate anthropometric indices. Women form Vietnam were less satisfied with their appearance than were their Polish peers, but Vietnamese showed a lower level of preoccupation with being overweight and fear of obesity. Intercultural differences indicate that Vietnamese women show greater intensities for psychological variables, connected with restrictive and bulimic eating behaviors, verified in the research model: low self-esteem, personal alienation, interpersonal insecurity, interpersonal alienation, emotional dysregulation, interoceptive deficits, perfectionism and asceticism, and anxiety.
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Kane, Mary Jo. "Fictional Denials of Female Empowerment: A Feminist Analysis of Young Adult Sports Fiction". Sociology of Sport Journal 15, n.º 3 (setembro de 1998): 231–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.15.3.231.
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Scholars have argued that sport is a highly gendered space where dominant and subordinate groups engage in struggles of resistance and counter-resistance. There are two limitations with this research. First, the majority of investigations have been confined to adult women; examinations of adolescent females are virtually nonexistent. Second, most research has focused on print and broadcast journalism. The influence of one important medium—young adult sports fiction—has been neglected. This investigation analyzed “lone girl” novels (where adolescent female protagonists try out for boys’ teams), as well as books focusing on women’s team sports. Findings revealed lone girl novels characterized female protagonists as going against their “true nature.” Novels featuring women’s team sports undermined female solidarity by equating it with heterosexual desire. These results constitute a fictional denial of sport as a site of resistance and empowerment for athletic females.
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Wyszyńska, Justyna, Edyta Łuszczki, Grzegorz Sobek, Artur Mazur e Katarzyna Dereń. "Association and Risk Factors for Hypertension and Dyslipidemia in Young Adults from Poland". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n.º 2 (5 de janeiro de 2023): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20020982.
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Hypertension and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Studies on the association between abnormal levels of lipids and hypertension have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia and its risk factors in young Polish adults. Furthermore, the association between plasma lipid levels and the risk of hypertension was determined. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 115 volunteer participants. Blood pressure was measured using an automated oscillometric sphygmomanometer. Blood lipids were analyzed from a fasting blood sample received by finger prick. Body fat percentage was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis device. Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (age, date of birth, place of residence, screen time, and tobacco use) were self-reported by the participant. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than in women (61.5 vs. 21.3%). The prevalence of elevated TC, TG, high LDL, and low HDL was 22.6%, 7.8%, 38.3%, and 13.9%, respectively. Spending more than 2 h daily in front of a computer was identified as a significant predictor of hypertension and elevated TG levels (p < 0.05). A high number of cigarettes smoked daily was a significant risk factor for hypertension (p = 0.047). Hypertension contributed to a higher risk of abnormal values of TC (OR = 5.89), LDL (OR = 5.38), and TG (OR = 9.75). Participants with hypertension were more likely than normotensive subjects to have elevated levels of TC, LDL, and TG. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in young men than in women. BMI was associated with the prevalence of hypertension and elevated TC levels. Spending more than 2 h per day in front of a computer contributed to the prevalence of hypertension and elevated TG levels. Participants with hypertension smoked a higher number of cigarettes daily compared to those with normotension.
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PHILIPS, DEBORAH. "Healthy Heroines: Sue Barton, Lillian Wald, Lavinia Lloyd Dock and the Henry Street Settlement". Journal of American Studies 33, n.º 1 (abril de 1999): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875898006070.
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Sue Barton is the fictional redhaired nursing heroine of a series of novels written for young women. Recalled by several generations of women readers with affection, Sue Barton has remained in print ever since the publication of the first novel in the series: Sue Barton, Student Nurse, written by Helen Dore Boylston, was published in America in 1936. Neither the covers of her four novels now in paperback, nor the publisher's catalogue entry, however, acknowledge Sue Barton's age: “Sue Barton Series – The everyday stories of redheaded Sue Barton and hospital life as she progresses from being a student nurse through her varied nursing career.”The catalogue entry for the series and the novels' paperback covers now claim Sue Barton as a contemporary young woman, poised for romance. Sue is, however, a pre-war heroine, and very much located within an American history and tradition of nursing. With her close contemporary, Cherry Ames, Sue Barton is one of the nursing heroines who were to establish a genre in popular fiction for young women, the career novel, and, more particularly, the nursing career novel.
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Lasota, Dorota, Witold Pawłowski, Paweł Krajewski, Anna Staniszewska, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Robert Czerski e Mariusz Goniewicz. "Alcohol Intoxication and Suicide by Hanging in Poland". Alcohol and Alcoholism 55, n.º 3 (22 de fevereiro de 2020): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaa013.
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Abstract Aims An integral part of the World Health Organization (WHO) plan to reduce suicide by 10% by 2020 is to identify areas and demographic groups, which should be priority target groups for preventive activities. This study aimed to present the demographic differences between victims of suicide by hanging in the Warsaw metropolitan area, in Poland, by examining the sobriety of victims. Methods Data for analysis were obtained from the documentation of the Department of Forensic Medicine (DFM) at the Medical University of Warsaw (MUW). The retrospective analysis included 358 out of 466 victims of suicides by hanging in the Warsaw metropolitan area, in Poland, recorded in the DFM documentation covering 2011–2013. The data gathered included age, gender, the cause of death, a post-mortem examination as well as the level of ethanol in the blood and muscles of victims. Results In both groups, men accounted for a larger percentage of victims than women, P = 0.068. In the no-alcohol group, the victims were older than in the alcohol group (47.52 ± 19.21 vs. 40.88 ± 12.77) (P < 0.001). The majority of the studied population were victims aged 25–34 (22.90%), mainly men (20.95%). Young men were also the largest group among victims in the alcohol group (28.33%). The most numerous age group among no-alcohol group were older victims aged 55–64 (19.10%), especially men (16.29%). Conclusion Regardless of sobriety, men were the largest group of suicide victims in the study population, which means that men die suicide more often than women. Differences in gender proportions are related to age. In the studied population, it was primarily young victims, mainly men. These are the groups that should be priority target groups for preventive activities aimed at reducing the number of suicides. The presence of ethanol in more than half of the victims of suicide in the study population indicates that alcohol is an important suicidal risk factor.
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Turska-Kawa, Agnieszka, e Agata Olszanecka-Marmola. "Stereotypes Determining Perceptions of Female Politicians: The Case of Poland". Politics in Central Europe 14, n.º 3 (1 de dezembro de 2018): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2018-0016.
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Abstract The aim of this study is to find out whether women in Polish politics are perceived through the prism of gender stereotypes. We conducted a two-stage empirical study (N=447) to investigate the kinds of qualities that young voters attribute to politicians in the context of gender stereotypes. Our findings correlated with a pattern of research that shows that female politicians are typically associated with “female issues” and seen in terms of stereotypically feminine traits. The results of our survey showed gender solidarity, with female and male participants generally responding more positively to politicians of the same gender. There were also significant differences based on respondents’ interest in politics; people interested in politics were, for example, significantly less likely to ascribe qualities related to political ability and self-composure to women. Finally, ideological identifications did not modify perceptions of female politicians but people who identified as right-wing more often viewed male politicians as politically capable, diligent, likeable and go-getters.
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Lacalle, Charo, e Deborah Castro. "Representaciones de la sexualidad femenina en la ficción televisiva española". Convergencia Revista de Ciencias Sociales, n.º 75 (31 de agosto de 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29101/crcs.v0i75.4656.
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The overrepresentation of sexual content on television and the debate raised by new femininities have transformed research on sexuality and TV fiction into a fruitful field of study. Content analyses demonstrate that television fiction offers a distorted image of sexuality and that information on relevant sex issues is barely considered. This article analyzes the sexual representations of female characters in Spanish TV fiction using a hybrid method that combines SPSS Statistics tools and socio-semiotics. The sample consists of 709 female characters from all the shows premiered in 2012 and 2013. The sexual activity of the female characters is related to physical attractiveness and age, with the exception of children and adolescents. Young female characters in the sample identify empowerment with sexual assertiveness and control, while sexual depictions of women over 45 are almost non-existent. Sexual relations are presented as the “natural” outcome of romantic relationships and seduction.
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Gwiazda, Adam. "Problemy demograficzne Polski". Świat Idei i Polityki 14 (2015): 372–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/siip201520.
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This paper analyses and discusses the basic demographic problems of Poland in the recent years. The decreasing number of Poles is the result of a rapid decline in the total fertility rate of Polish women and the emigration of mostly young people to West European and other countries in search of work and better conditions for living Those highly negative phenomena accelerate the process of ageing of Poland’s population which has the grave consequences to further socio-economic development of this country. Some solutions of those problems were discussed and assessed in the second part of this paper with special emphasis on the recent demographic policy carried out in Poland.
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Warcholik, Witold, e Dorota Chmielowska. "Profile of a Participant in Mantrailing in Poland". Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 4, n.º 3 (2021): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2021.04.22.
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The aim of the study was to determine the profile of people practising mantrailing on the territory of Poland. The study covered people who practice or have practiced mantrailing – members of the group „Mantrailing Poland”. The scientific method applied was a diagnostic survey – a questionnaire consisting of questions designed by the authors. People interested in mantrailing in Poland are a relatively young and well-educated group, the vast majority come from the city. In the case of tracking, the predominance of women in dog-related activities is also confirmed. The main motives for practising tracking in Poland are determining the needs, predispositions and activity of the dog and the desire to learn about its performance directly in the field. It is not, however, about passing exams and obtaining certificates in tracking, or the aspect of competition. The list of breeds with which people practise mantrailing is extremely varied with no strict list of breeds that they consider preferable for this form of recreation. The main inhibitors of tracking in Poland are financial resources and lack of time.
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Bajda, Justyna. "W naszej letniej stolicy… Satyra Ludwika Szczepańskiego na młodopolskich turystów w Tatrach". Góry, Literatura, Kultura 12 (1 de agosto de 2019): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.12.17.
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W naszej letniej stolicy… In our summer capital… Ludwik Szczepański’s satire on Young Poland tourists in the TatrasIn the article the author analyses a slightly forgotten satirical novel by Ludwik Szczepański, W naszej letniej stolicy, czyli przygoda rejenta Nowakowskiego w Zakopanem In our summer capital or the adventure of Nowakowski, a notary, in Zakopane 1904, published under the pseudonym Wincenty Ogórek. She tackles three topics:Placement of the novel in the context of other Young Poland period works referring to the discovery of Zakopane as an ideal place for summer holidays by Poles from various parts of the partitioned country, especially by residents of Kraków or Warsaw. In the first two parts of the article the author presents an outline of the plot and then discusses the topography of Zakopane and its environs, brilliantly depicted by Żeromski.The subchapter “…this Zakopane train is especially full of nice, friendly women…” contains a detailed analysis of direct and indirect linguistic, stylistic, personal and cultural references to Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, whose satirical anti-portrait as the poet Przerwański, is included in the novel by Szczepański.In the last part of the article the author points to those features of Szczepański’s novel which make it possible to describe it as a “resort novel”. In addition, she refers to other titles of literary works from the Young Poland period, which fit in with the proposed literary convention. The term “resort novel” refers to Jacek Kolbuszewski’s earlier concept of “boarding house novel”. In the conclusion the author points to the possibility of reinterpreting numerous “resort novels” from the Young Poland period with the help of the latest tools used in the description and analysis of various phenomena relating to tourism understood as a subject of research in the humanities.
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Wypych-Ślusarska, Agata, Natalia Majer, Karolina Krupa-Kotara e Ewa Niewiadomska. "Active and Happy? Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction among Young Educated Women". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n.º 4 (10 de fevereiro de 2023): 3145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043145.
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Background: Physical activity belongs to the group of health-promoting behaviors. It also affects emotional well-being, which is linked to a higher quality of life. Individuals who participate in physical activity practice regardless of age reap several positive health benefits that affect both body and mind. The aim of this study was to assess the life satisfaction of young adults in the context of physical activity undertaken. Material and methods: Study material was collected via anonymous questionnaire surveys among 328 young women (between the ages of 18 and 30 with secondary or higher education) in Poland. Satisfaction with life was assessed using The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical calculations were performed using the STATISTICA 13.3 program, Stat Soft Poland. Interdependence of unmeasured characteristics was assessed using the X2 test. Multivariate analysis for the direct effect of physical activity on life satisfaction (LS) and the influence of frequency of physical fitness on life satisfaction was performed based on regular OLS multiple regression. Results: The majority of respondents (74.7%) reported engaging in physical exercise. The mean level of life satisfaction was 4.5 ± 1.1 (on a scale of 1 to 7). Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant relationship with life satisfaction in the physically active and inactive groups. It was observed that significantly higher levels of life satisfaction were found among respondents: married 5.1 ± 1.1, median = 5.2 (4.5–5.9) compared to single 4.4 ± 1.2, median = 4.6 (3.6–5.2) and in informal relationships 4.5 ± 1.0, median = 4.4 (3.8–5.2); p = 0.02; declaring rather good 4.5 ± 1.0, median = 4.6 (3.8–5.2) or very good health 4.8 ± 1.1, median = 5.0 (4.2–5.6) compared to rather poor 4.1 ± 1.0, median = 4.1 (3.4–4.8) and poor health 3.6 ± 1.4, median = 3.1 (2.6–4.4); p = 0.0006; rating their physical condition moderately 4.7 ± 1.1, median = 4.8 (4.0–5.6) or highly 4.9 ± 1.0, median = 5.0 (4.3–5.4) compared to rating their fitness low 4.2 ± 0.9, median = 4.2 (3.6–4.8); p < 0.0001. Multivariate analyses confirmed a significant effect of marital status and subjective assessment of physical condition on the average level of life satisfaction. Conclusions: Physical activity does not differentiate the level of life satisfaction in the studied group of young women. Marital status and the subjective assessment of physical condition are factors that have a significant impact on the level of satisfaction with the life of young women. Given the beneficial effect of physical activity on the sense of satisfaction with life, which can lead to an increase in its quality, physical activity should be promoted, not only among children but also in the group of young adults.
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Samra, Deeksha. "Resilient Women of Sundarbans in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, n.º 7 (31 de julho de 2024): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63615.
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Abstract: For decades, literature has played a vital role in the feminist movement. Fiction helps to look at the challenges of women on various levels, whether in the workplace, family, emotional, or physical. Over the years, writers have written fiction to depict women's challenges and their brilliance and determination in overcoming them. Amitav Ghosh is one such writer who has often depicted women who put their heart and soul into it when it comes to achieving their goals. Both in personal and professional life. Ghosh's novel The Hungry Tide depicts working women who put their best foot forward despite sexual assault, caste discrimination, and financial difficulties. A cetologist named Piyali Roy comes to Lusibari for her work. Despite the sexual harassment, she finds a way to achieve her dream of studying dolphins. Financial and caste barriers confront Moyna, but she still finds a way to survive by studying and working as a nurse. Nilima is being called to serve the Sundarbans' people. She tries to fit herself into the system to ensure that the Lusibari people have as many facilities as possible. Kusum finds herself in the most difficult of all female characters. She loses her mother as a child, and her husband when she was young, and almost becomes a victim of sex traffickers. The novel depicts the challenges as well as the unbreakable spirit of women vividly.
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Olive, Sarah. "Romeo and Juliet’s Gothic Space in YA Undead Fiction". Borrowers and Lenders The Journal of Shakespeare Appropriations 15, n.º 1 (11 de setembro de 2023): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18274/bl.v15i1.340.
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Many previous works have demonstrated that Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet offers gothic authors, directors, and other artists a hospitable topos. I extend this critical corpus to consider the way in which young adult (YA) undead novels—written by American women writers within a few years of each other in the early twenty-first century—understand the Capulet crypt as a gothic space. I use the term “undead” throughout since although the focus of this fiction is on vampires, some texts also include zombies and other revenants. The chosen novels belong to a moment of extreme popularity for Romeo and Juliet vampire fiction, the best-known example being Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight saga. The texts of Meyer, Claudia Gabel, Lori Handeland, and Stacey Jay include diverse elements from Romeo and Juliet, from fleeting quotations to sustained reworkings of characters and plot. I conclude that a shift away from the confining and distressing gothic space in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet as the Capulet crypt to a more graphic containment in a variety of sarcophagi, or within Juliet’s body itself, is discernible in most of these retellings. This shift is explained with reference to the growth in populairt not just of female, but feminist, gothic and the turn to the body in literary criticism from the 1990s onwards. In this way, Romeo and Juliet can be understood as providing a hospitable topos for the twenty-first century feminisms of these authors and their young, predominantly female, readers.
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Kuciel, Natalia, Justyna Mazurek, Katarzyna Hap, Dominik Marciniak, Karolina Biernat e Edyta Sutkowska. "COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Pregnant and Lactating Women and Mothers of Young Children in Poland". International Journal of Women's Health Volume 14 (março de 2022): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s348652.
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