Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Whey solutions"
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1
Syrbe, Axel. "Polymer incompatibility in aqueous whey protein and polysaccharide solutions : phase separation phenomena and microgel particle formation /". Online version, 1997. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/29745.
2
Spicer, Valerie Denise. "The Effects of Protein Concentration and Temperature on Flavor Delivery of 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde and Ethyl Butyrate in Whey Protein Isolate Solutions". NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10042002-152911/.
Resumo:
The development of reduced fat foods is a continual challenge in the food industry. Among the many attributes fat contributes to food products is flavor. Fat replacers are used to regain some of these lost attributes as fat is removed from foods. These fat substitutes affect the rate and concentration at which flavor molecules are released during mastication. Whey is a source of protein for protein-based fat replacers. The effects this ingredient has on flavor intensity was studied utilizing 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde (DMB) and Ethyl Butyrate (EB). The objective of this project was to develop a headspace gas chromatography method to measure the changes in volatility of these two flavor compounds in various concentrations of WPI solutions and to compare these results to sensory findings. There was a significant decrease in the volatility of DMB with increases of protein concentration from 0 to 2%. Aroma and taste intensity also decreased with increasing protein concentration. The volatility of EB and taste intensity showed no significant differences with successive increases in protein concentration. However, aroma shows significant decreases in intensity with increases in protein concentration at the 0 to 2% and 4 to 6% levels. There was significant positive correlations between volatility and sensory results.
3
Schmidt, Christian [Verfasser]. "Downstream processing of enzymatically generated lactulose via nanofiltration to produce a prebiotic whey drink for elderly people - Quantification, generation and fractionation of complex saccharide solutions / Christian M. Schmidt". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121947469X/34.
4
Schmidt, Christian M. [Verfasser]. "Downstream processing of enzymatically generated lactulose via nanofiltration to produce a prebiotic whey drink for elderly people - Quantification, generation and fractionation of complex saccharide solutions / Christian M. Schmidt". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121947469X/34.
5
Liu, Weiji. "Rôle de la micelle de caséine sur la dénaturation thermique des solutions de protéines de lactosérum et les mécanismes d'encrassement". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR014.
Resumo:
Le présent travail est une contribution pour mieux comprendre l’influence des micelles de caseine sur l’encrassement de solutions de protéines sériques. En particulier, des approches expérimentales et numériques ont été réalisées, à des tailles laboratoires et pilotes, pour décrire les phénomènes de dénaturation et mieux cerner le rôle du calcium dans les mécanismes d’encrassement. Tout d'abord, l'effet du ratio massique caséine / lactosérum sur les performances d'encrassement des protéines de lactosérum a été étudié dans un échangeur à Plaques à l'échelle pilote. La masse totale du dépôt d'encrassement chute d’abord de manière significative avec l'augmentation de la concentration en caséine, atteignant un minimum quand le ratio vaut 0,2. Au-delà de cette valeur, la masse de dépôt réaugmente. La chute de la masse du dépôt, pour un ratio ≤ 0,2, ne semble pas être corrélée à la dénaturation thermique du BLG mais plus probablement due à la modification des interactions minérales introduites par la caséine. L'augmentation de la masse de dépôt, pour un ratio ≥ 0,2, semble être liée à une co-précipitation du complexe BLG-caséine qui augmente l'encrassement. Il est suggéré que la présence de caséine micellaire modifie profondément l'équilibre calcique en solution et que la teneur en nanocluster de Ca-P modifie fortement les interactions entre les espèces protéiques et les minéraux (calcium ionique, Ca-P) affectant ainsi la dénaturation des protéines et la précipitation des minéraux. Un nouveau modèle cinétique concernant le dépliement thermique et l'agrégation de BLG a été établi. Ce modèle est en mesure de justifier la rupture de pente dans le diagramme d'Arrhenius et de fournir des informations thermodynamiques détaillées pour les processus de dépliement et d'agrégation. Sur la base de ce modèle, il a été confirmé que le calcium ionique avait un rôle protecteur sur le dépliement thermique du BLG à basse température. En revanche, à des températures plus élevées, le calcium favorise l'agrégation et la formation d'espèces BLG dépliées. Un dispositif d'encrassement à l'échelle laboratoire a été construit et tester avec des protéines de lactosérum en régime laminaire. Un modèle CFD 3D réaliste a été implémenté simulant à la fois les réactions au cœur du fluide et en surface. Les résultats ont montré une relation linéaire entre le facteur pré-exponentiel et la concentration de calcium, ce qui suggère que l'encrassement nécessite qu’une seule molécule de calcium soit associée à une protéine de BLG. Il est confirmé que le calcium est essentiel à l'encrassement avec des effets significatifs à la fois sur les processus de dénaturation thermique et sur la croissance du dépôt. Enfin, l'effet du ratio caséine / lactosérum sur l'encrassement a été étudié avec un dispositif d'encrassement de laboratoire. Les résultats laboratoires montrent que la caséine réduit l’aptitude à l’encrassement comme déterminé précédemment avec l’installation pilote. Cependant, dans ce cas, l'encrassement reste à un niveau faible y compris pour des ratios élevés (jusqu'à 4). La présence de caséines individuelles dans la phase sérique a été considérée comme responsable de cette atténuation de l'encrassement, probablement par leurs activités de type chaperon. Cependant, quand le pH de la solution d'encrassement est fixé à 6,6, il est démontré que la caséine perd son effet d'atténuation de l'encrassement pour des ratios plus élevés. Ce comportement est lié à sa faible capacité de micelle de caséine à contrôler le calcium ionique dans la phase sérique à un pH plus bas, entraînant une concentration plus élevée en calcium facilitant la dénaturation de la BLG et l'accumulation de dépôts. Une quantité plus faible de caséines dissociées dans la phase sérique à pH 6,6 pourrait aussi expliquer l'augmentation de la masse d'encrassement car elles ne sont pas en concentration suffisantes pour remplir des fonctions de type chaperonThe present work is a contribution to better understand the influence of casein micelles on the fouling of serum whey protein solutions. In particular, experimental and numerical approaches have been carried out, at laboratory and pilot scales, to describe denaturation phenomena and better understand the role of calcium in fouling mechanisms. First of all, the effect of casein/whey mass ratio on the whey protein fouling performance was investigated in a pilot-scale PHE. The total fouling deposit mass drop significantly with the addition of casein, resulting in a minimum value located at Casein/WPI of 0.2. Exceeding this critical ratio, fouling deposit increased with elevated casein concentrations. The deposit mass drop (Casein/WPI ≤ 0.2) is unlikely to be linked to the thermal denaturation of BLG and is more probably due to the change in mineral interactions introduced by casein. The increased fouling mass (Casein/WPI ≥ 0.2) was attributed to a co-precipitation of BLG-casein complex that enhances the fouling. It is proposed that micellar casein change deeply the calcium balance and the content of CaP nanocluster modifies sharply the interactions which occur between protein species (BLG, caseins) and mineral elements (ionic calcium, Ca-P) thereby affecting the protein denaturation and fouling behavior. A novel kinetic model concerning thermal unfolding and aggregation of BLG was established. This model interprets mathematically the break-slope behavior in the Arrhenius plot and provides detailed thermodynamic information for both unfolding and aggregation processes. Based on this model, it was confirmed that ionic calcium has a protective role on the thermal unfolding of BLG at low temperature. In contrast, at higher temperatures, calcium promotes aggregation and the formation of unfolded BLG species. A bench-scale fouling rig was built to perform whey protein fouling experiments in a laminar regime. A realistic 3D CFD model was achieved to simulate both the bulk and surface reactions. Results showed a linear relationship between the deposition pre-exponential factor and calcium concentration, suggesting the fouling is built in such a pattern that only one calcium ion per BLG molecule is involved. Calcium was confirmed to be essential to fouling growth with significant effects both on the thermal denaturation and deposition processes. Finally, the effect of casein/whey ratio on the whey protein fouling was investigated in the laboratory-scale fouling device. Results revealed a similar effect of casein on fouling mitigation as those found in the pilot plant. However, in this case, the fouling was suppressed and maintained at a low extent even at high Casein/WPI ratios (up to 4). The presence of individual caseins in the serum phase was considered to be responsible for this fouling mitigation probably through their chaperon-like activities. However, when the pH of the fouling solution is set at 6.6, casein is shown to lose its fouling-mitigating effect at higher ratios. This behavior is related to its weak ability of casein micelle to control ionic calcium in the serum phase at lower pH, resulting in higher calcium concentration facilitating BLG denaturation and deposition accumulation. A lower amount of dissociated caseins in the serum phase at pH 6.6 could also explain the increase in fouling mass because they are not in sufficient concentration to perform chaperone-like functions
6
Lösche, Frank. "Investigating the moment when solutions emerge in problem solving". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/12838.
Resumo:
At some point during a creative action something clicks, suddenly the prospective problem solver just knows the solution to a problem, and a feeling of joy and relief arises. This phenomenon, called Eureka experience, insight, Aha moment, hunch, epiphany, illumination, or serendipity, has been part of human narrations for thousands of years. It is the moment of a subjective experience, a surprising, and sometimes a life-changing event. In this thesis, I narrow down this moment 1. conceptually, 2. experientially, and 3. temporally. The concept of emerging solutions has a multidisciplinary background in Cognitive Science, Arts, Design, and Engineering. Through the discussion of previous terminology and comparative reviews of historical literature, I identify sources of ambiguity surrounding this phenomenon and suggest unifying terms as the basis for interdisciplinary exploration. Tracking the experience based on qualitative data from 11 creative practitioners, I identify conflicting aspects of existing models of creative production. To bridge this theoretical and disciplinary divide between iterative design thinking and sequential models of creativity, I suggest a novel multi-layered model. Empirical support for this proposal comes from Dira, a computer-based open-ended experimental paradigm. As part of this thesis I developed the task and 40 unique sets of stimuli and response items to collect dynamic measures of the creative process and evade known problems of insightful tasks. Using Dira, I identify the moment when solutions emerge from the number and duration of mouse-interactions with the on-screen elements and the 124 participants' self-reports. I provide an argument for the multi-layered model to explain a discrepancy between the timing observed in Dira and existing sequential models. Furthermore, I suggest that Eureka moments can be assessed on more than a dichotomous scale, as the empirical data from interviews and Dira demonstrates for this rich human experience. I conclude that the research on insight benefits from an interdisciplinary approach and suggest Dira as an instrument for future studies.
7
Wagner, Caroline (Caroline Elizabeth). "An experimental and theoretical investigation of the rheological properties and degradation of mucin solutions : (or why saliva becomes watery when removed from your mouth)". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100349.
Resumo:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 111-118).
The use of biological fluids such as saliva and cervical mucus as diagnostics for measurements of health status is becoming increasingly popular in the fields of biology and medicine, particularly given the non-invasiveness and ease of obtaining such fluids [39, 78]. In general, these biological fluids are polymeric, and as a result tend to be viscoelastic. However, as a result of protease and enzymatic activity, these fluids are often unstable and can degrade with time [23, 65]. This was observed in the case of saliva by Aggazzotti nearly a century ago [1]. Therefore, in order to reliably quantify their rheological properties for diagnostic purposes, it is essential to understand how their microstructure affects the bulk rheological behaviours observed under testing conditions. We develop two models to simulate the behaviour of saliva during simple elongational flow and account for the decrease in viscoelasticity with time. The first model considered is the FENEP model of a fluid, which is particularly suitable for describing the rheology of dilute polymer solutions (Newtonian solvents containing small amounts of dissolved polymer) as a result of its ability to capture nonlinear effects arising from the finite extensibility of the polymer chains. In extensional flows, these polymer solutions exhibit dramatically different behaviour from the corresponding Newtonian solvents alone, notably through the creation of persistent filaments when stretched. By using the technique of capillary thinning to study the dynamics of the thinning process of these filaments, the transient extensional rheology of the fluid can be characterized. We show that under conditions of uniaxial elongational flow, a composite analytic solution can be developed to predict the time evolution of the radius of the filament. Furthermore we derive an analytic expression for the finite time to breakup of the fluid filaments. This breakup time agrees very well with results obtained from full numerical simulations, and both numerics and theory predict an increase in the time to breakup as the finite extensibility parameter b, related to the molecular weight of the polymer, is increased. As [beta] --> [infinity], the results converge to an asymptotic result for the breakup time which shows that the breakup time grows as tbreak ~ As (Mw), where Mw is the molecular weight of the dilute polymer solution. We then consider the importance of the network properties of saliva that arise due to entanglements of the polymer chains. In order to account for this, we combine the FENE-P model with the Rolie-Poly model developed by Graham et al [45, 50] to obtain the Rolie-Poly-FENE-P model. We show that this model is better able to accurately predict the extensional behaviour of both polyethylene oxide (PEO) solutions and saliva based on actual properties of these materials. This model cannot capture the sudden filament breakup observed in young saliva samples, however, which motivates the incorporation of a mechanism for network junction association or 'stickiness', as has been done by [71, 74, 40, 25] amongst others in biological networks. We draw largely off of the work for Tripathi et al [67] who modeled the rheology of hydrophobically modified ethoxylate-urethane (HEUR) polymer solutions as associating networks in order to develop an analogous model for saliva. We show that this model can reproduce the asymptotic 'middle elastic time' exponential radius decay described by Entov and Hinch [22], the dynamics upon which CaBER experimental interpretation of the system relaxation time [lambda]H is based. We also show that incorporation of a stickiness parameter allows for good agreement between the model and experimental CaBER data for saliva samples at various ages.
by Caroline Wagner.
S.M.
8
Gatewood, Marena Dessette. "Solubility and recovery of L-isoleucine from high pH solutions and the cause for L-serine habit differences when crystallized from water and methanol/water solutions". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10916.
9
Lu, Ying. "Effects of sodium chloride salting and substitution with potassium chloride on whey expulsion of cheese". DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1285.
Resumo:
The rate and extent of syneresis (whey expulsion) strongly affects cheese composition and quality. During salting, curd syneresis is influenced by the combined effect of both osmotic pressure and protein hydration. Our objective is to examine how cheese composition and whey expulsion are influenced by dry salting curd at various intervals, levels, applications, and potassium chloride (KCl) substitution, or change in calcium or sodium level in test solution (i.e., whey-brine). Four sets of unsalted fresh Cheddar curds were salted with different methods, with at least 3 replicates of each set on separate days. Set A was salted with 30 g/kg NaCl over 3 applications, either 5 or 10 min apart. Set B was salted with 30, 25, and 20 g/kg NaCl over 3 applications 5 min apart. Set C was salted with 20 g/kg NaCl using 1, 2, or 3 applications. Set D received salt consisting of a 2:1 molar ratio of NaCl and KCl over 3 applications 5 min apart. Whey was collected every 5 or 10 min until 30 or 40 min after the start of salting and subsequently pressed for 3 h. Using 10-min intervals delayed whey syneresis but after pressing there was no significant influence on final cheese composition. Decreasing salt levels significantly reduced the amount of whey expelled prior to pressing and resulted in cheeses with higher moisture and slightly lower pH. Adding salt over different applications did not significantly affect cheese composition. Partial substitution with KCl did not affect the amount of whey expelled or cheese moisture composition. Salted milled Cheddar cheese curd was immersed at 22°C for 6 or 18 h in test solution, with the addition of 1, 5, 10, or 20 g/L calcium, and 15 g/L salt. After immersion, curd weight change, moisture, pH, sodium, serum calcium and total calcium levels were measured. When calcium levels in solution increased, curd moisture, pH, and weight gain decreased while serum and total calcium levels increased significantly. Similarly, unsalted milled Cheddar cheese curds were immersed at 22°C for 6 h in test solution with 30, 60, 90, or 120 g/L salt in addition to 6 g/L calcium. The salt level in solution was inversely proportional with weight change, moisture, and salt level of curd.
10
Fearon, John Edward. "Strategies adopted by undergraduate physics students when modelling solutions to hands-on tasks". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8722.
Resumo:
Includes bibliographical references.Over the last three to four decades there has been a focus on the role of models and modelling in physics education. At the same time, there has also been a move away from the use of recipe-style tasks in physics laboratories to inquiry-based problem solving. From the ensuing research, model-based views of physics have emerged which have contributed to the fields of pedagogy as well as epistemology; the contribution depending on whether the research interest has been that of education or philosophy of science. And while there is still some consensus seeking on the nature and definitions of modelling, there has in recent years been a shift to research questions that consider how models are constructed by students when engaged in hands-on tasks. Model-based instruction courses have been researched at length, but there is a perceived gap in the research that considers the hands-on strategies that are actually employed by 1st-year university students who are in a teaching and learning environment in which the physics curriculum emphasises the modelling of real world systems. This study contributes to this research area in that it investigates the strategies students actually adopt when engaged in student-driven, hands-on laboratory tasks and interprets those strategies in terms of a particular model-based view of physics; a model-based view that posits that the processes of modelling are those of the particularisation and application of physics theory, the idealisation and approximation of real world phenomena, and the eventual realisation of a conceptual model.
11
Edman, Johan, e Wilhelm Ågren. "Legal and Security Issues of Data Processing when Implementing IoT Solutions in Apartments". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277917.
Resumo:
The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) and connected devices is a growing trend. New ways to integrate them with Smart Home Technology emerge each day. The use of sensors in IoT solutions enables large scale data collection that can be used in various ways. The European Union recently enforced a General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that sets guidelines for the collection and processing of personal information. The communication protocol M-Bus is a European standard (EN 13757-x) mainly used for remote reading of electrical, gas and water meters. M-Bus is being integrated with sensors because the protocol offers long battery times. There are however some known flaws with the protocol that might make it unsuitable for a large scale data collection system. A conceptualized data collection scenario with a system utilizing M- Bus is presented. The authors aim to investigate some of the security flaws with the M-Bus protocol, while also investigating the GDPR demands of the system. The thesis supplements a System Requirement Specification (SyRS) which can be used as a template for organizations implementing a similar system. An analysis of the system based on the SyRS is conducted to identify any shortcomings. Modifications to the system are proposed in order to comply with the defined SyRS. The authors concluded that M-Bus is a sufficiently reliable protocol to be used in the system, and has no inherent conflicts with GDPR. The system has a few flaws in terms of GDPR compliance, which require both administrative and technical work to comply with. The suggested modifications of the system are mainly focused on how the data is stored in various parts of it.Konceptet med Internet of Things (IoT) och uppkopplade enheter är en väx- ande trend, och nya sätt att integrera dem med det smarta hemmet framträder varje dag. Den Europeiska Unionen har nyligen verkställt en ny dataskydds- förordning, General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), som sätter krav på insamling och behandling av personlig data. Användandet av IoT lösningar skapar möjligheten för storskalig datainsamling som kan användas på flera sätt. Kommunikationsprotokollet M-Bus är en europeisk standard (EN 13757-x) som huvudsakligen är framtagen för att avlägset läsa av el-, gas- och vattenmätare. På grund av ett litet avtryck och enkel implementation av sitt protokoll så är M-bus ofta ett val till uppkoplade sensorer för att möjliggöra lång drifttid. Det finns däremot ett antal säkerhetsbrister med protokollet som kan göra det olämpligt för ett datainsamlingssystem. Ett konceptualiserat datainsamlingscenario med ett system som utnyttjar M-Bus presenteras. Författarnas mål är att undersöka några av säkerhetsbristerna med M-Bus protokollet, samtidigt som det undersöker vilka krav GDPR ställer på ett sådant system. Uppsatsen sammanställer en kravspecifikation som kan användas som grund och riktlinje för organisationer som ska implementera liknande system. En analys av det konceptualiserade systemet baserat på kravspecifikationen genomförs för att identifiera potentiella brister. Modifikationer till system föreslås för att uppnå kraven definierade i kravspecifikationen. Författarna drog slutsatsen att M-Bus är ett tillräckligt tillförlitligt protokoll som kan användas för system likt detta. Det analyserade systemet har några brister gällande GDPR, som kräver både tekniska och administrativa åtgärder. De föreslagna modifikationerna av systemet är fokuserade primärt på hur den personliga informationen lagras i de olika delarna av systemet.
12
Schaefer, Chloe. "Pipe dream : why Utah's water managers continue to prioritize supply-side solutions". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99087.
Resumo:
Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-59).
More than 150 years ago, the Mormon pioneers entered the Salt Lake Valley and immediately set to work digging irrigation ditches and canals to harness what water there was for their farms. Since then, Utah water managers have solved water supply problems by building large infrastructure projects. Today, Utah's population is growing rapidly, but the water supplies that enable its desert oases are not, and climate change is expected to make matters worse. This increasing tension between growing populations and dwindling water supplies is not unique to Utah. However, while other states in the region have implemented aggressive demand-side measures to conserve water, Utah's conservation efforts have been relatively minimal. Utah's history of water engineering, the cultural importance of agriculture, the precedent of federal funding for large water projects, and some of the cheapest water rates in the country make demand-side measures a tough sell for addressing water needs in Utah. However, supply-side projects are costly for taxpayers and for the environment, take decades to complete, and are based on unreliable forecasts of future water demand and uncertain water sources. It is time for Utahans to look past traditional supply-side solutions and embrace water conservation measures, requiring changes to the dominant water planning mindset. In order to do this, the state could take regulatory action, and both the state and LDS Church can act as water efficiency exemplars. It is also time for Utahans to become more involved in Utah's water planning and decide for themselves whether to continue attempting to conquer nature or to live within its bounds.
by Chloe Schaefer.
M.C.P.
13
Skawina, Bartlomiej. "Rock mass transportation systems in underground mines: consequences and solutions when mining at greater depths". Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63089.
Resumo:
The research presented in this thesis addresses a number of challenges related to rock mass transportation in deep underground mines. In particular, high energy consumption and high exhaust gas emissions from diesel and electric LHDs, the effects of ore pass loss on the loading, hauling and dumping operations due to increasing stresses and increasing costs due to the longer vertical transportation of the rock masses. These critical challenges have been identified by a literature review and analysis of data collected from 15 international deep mines. In order to answer the formulated research questions, three studies on various issues related to rock mass transportation in deep underground mines were made, and the analysis was performed mainly using discrete event simulation. The thesis presents a study of energy consumption and exhaust gas emissions from diesel and electric LHDs with similar bucket sizes. The results show the possible energy savings and a decrease in CO2 emissions when using electric LHDs instead of diesel ones. The thesis also presents a study of the effects of ore pass loss on LHD operations and on the mine production. Maintaining the production with a lower number of operational ore pass structures by increasing the number of LHDs can have a negative effect on the production. This is because an increased number of LHDs in operation will results in increased waiting times for the LHDs and cause variations in the production rate. These variations can be large, causing severe consequences if not managed correctly. The results also show the importance of developing alternative plans for underground loading and hauling operations in case of an ore pass loss. Transportation of rock, especially when mining depth increases, is often associated with high costs and long transportation times. To decrease the amount of unnecessary rock transportation, near-to-face sorting plants may be one alternative. In the thesis, a study was performed on a possible reduction in rock mass transportation to the surface when using this technique. The results conclude that near-to-face sorting plants could lower the environmental effects generated by unnecessary rock transportation to the surface.
14
Brady, William J. "Why Do People Seek Negative Emotions? A Solution to Hume's Puzzle". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/112.
Resumo:
In his 1757 essay “Of Tragedy”, Hume reflected on a curious puzzle about emotions. Sometimes people seek out emotions or experiences that are typically negative and associated with displeasure or pain. People often desire to watch horror films that will make them scared or listen to music that will make them sad. Some people even engage in the pursuit of negative emotions on a regular basis such as in the case of thrill-seeking. In this paper my goal is to update Hume’s puzzle with empirical evidence from the affective sciences and argue for two conclusions. First I will argue that Hume’s puzzle still runs deep. Though some recent scientific and philosophical accounts of emotions have tried to solve it, they have thus far failed. Second I attempt to construct a psychological account that solves the puzzle. Instead of focusing on how emotions are generated as previous theories have done, I argue that what is important is how emotions are regulated.
15
Cunanan, Elnora. "What Works When Learning Solution Focused Brief Therapy: A Qualitative Study of Trainees' Experiences". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34219.
Resumo:
With its growing popularity in the field, Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) training workshops are becoming more prevalent in the family therapy training field. Because SFBT represents an innovative approach to therapy, does teaching this model demand innovative ways to train its students or are the same methods used in teaching other models of family therapy sufficient? To begin to address this question, it would be important to know how trainees experience SFBT training as it currently exists. This study qualitatively examined the process that trainees experienced when learning SFBT. Fifteen individuals responded to an email questionnaire, with 7 of those individuals participating in follow-up telephone interviews. In summary, being able to practice using a solution focused approach with clients and receiving supervision on those sessions from a supervisor who used a solution focused framework in giving feedback were factors identified as being most helpful in facilitating the learning process. The study also examined how the participants merged their existing beliefs about people and the therapeutic process with the assumptions inherent to SFBT. Finally, the study examined distinct moments, defined as moments after which the trainee knew that SFBT was a model they could use effectively with their clients. The distinct moments provided a picture of how the training and learning came together in practice for the participants.Master of Science
16
Pook, Robert. "Why Rawlsian Liberalism has Failed and How Proudhonian Anarchism is the Solution". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1304018146.
17
Tseitlin, Musii, e Valentina Raiko. "Ratio between heat and mass transfer when concentrating the solution in a cooling tower". Thesis, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/42106.
Resumo:
The ratio between the intensity of the mass transfer in gas and the heat transfer in liquid during the evaporative solution concentration has been studied. It was determined that the share of liquid resistance in the total resistance to enthalpy transfer increases in the temperature range from 30 to 50°C by almost 2 times, and reaches 40 %. The technique has been developed for the separate determination of the mass transfer coefficients in gas and heat transfer in liquid.Досліджено співвідношення між інтенсивністю масопереносу в газі та передачею тепла в рідині під час концентрації випарного розчину. Встановлено, що частка опору рідини в загальному опорі переносу ентальпії зростає в діапазоні температур від 30 до 50 ° С майже в 2 рази, досягає 40%. Розроблена методика для окремого визначення коефіцієнтів масопереносу в газі і теплопередачі в рідині.
18
Solovyova, A. E. "Simulation of the Mechanism of Formation of Solid Solutions in the System In2О3 – ТіO2 When Heated in Air". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35393.
Resumo:
On the basis of mathematical models of the formation of solid solutions in the In2O3 – ТіО2 calculated ionic radius of the cations: indium, titanium, anion and anionic vacancies on the scale of Templeton and Deben. A phase transformation in the oxide of indium was related with disorder of anionic vacancies in the lattice type C. The formation of solid solutions in this system proceeds on the basis of the disordered phase of type С1. The system formed limited solid solutions such as: subtraction – substitution – inculcation of a range of concentrations (0 – 2% ТіО2), subtraction – substitution of concentrations (0.5 – 2% іО2), higher concentrations of these compounds present in the mixture of In2TiO5-х – rhombic modification, which is formed during sintering the samples at 1100 ·C in air. The type solid solution systems in the In2O3 – ТіО2, depend on the size of cation bases and additives. The energies of formation: solid solution subtraction – substitution – introduction, solid solution subtraction – substitution were determined and shows that the conductivity of the current, concentration and mobility of the charge carriers depends on the type of the solid solution and not on the valence of the dissolved additive.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35393
19
Beridzishvili, Jumber. "When the state cannot deal with online content : Reviewing user-driven solutions that counter political disinformation on Facebook". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18502.
Resumo:
Online disinformation damage on the world’s democracy has been critical. Yet, states fail to handle online content harms. Due to exception from legal liability for hosted content, Facebook, used by a third of the world population, operates ‘duty-free’ along with other social media companies.Concerned with solutions, this has given rise to the idea in studies that social resistance could be one of the most effective ways for combating disinformation. However, how exactly do we resist, is an unsettled subject. Are there any socially-driven processes against disinformation happening out there?This paper aimed to identify such processes for giving a boost to theory-building around the topic. Two central evidence cases were developed: #IAmHere digital movement fighting disinformation and innovative tool ‘Who is Who’ for distinguishing fake accounts. Based on findings, I argue that efforts by even a very small part of society can have a significant impact on defeating online disinformation. This is because digital activism shares phenomenal particularities for shaping online political discourse around disinformation. Tools such as ‘Who is Who’, on the other hand, build social resilience against the issue, also giving boost digital activists for mass reporting of disinformation content. User-driven solutions have significant potential for further research.Keywords: Online disinformation; algorithms; digital activism; user-driven solutions.
20
Janse, Sarah A. "INFERENCE USING BHATTACHARYYA DISTANCE TO MODEL INTERACTION EFFECTS WHEN THE NUMBER OF PREDICTORS FAR EXCEEDS THE SAMPLE SIZE". UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/statistics_etds/30.
Resumo:
In recent years, statistical analyses, algorithms, and modeling of big data have been constrained due to computational complexity. Further, the added complexity of relationships among response and explanatory variables, such as higher-order interaction effects, make identifying predictors using standard statistical techniques difficult. These difficulties are only exacerbated in the case of small sample sizes in some studies. Recent analyses have targeted the identification of interaction effects in big data, but the development of methods to identify higher-order interaction effects has been limited by computational concerns. One recently studied method is the Feasible Solutions Algorithm (FSA), a fast, flexible method that aims to find a set of statistically optimal models via a stochastic search algorithm. Although FSA has shown promise, its current limits include that the user must choose the number of times to run the algorithm. Here, statistical guidance is provided for this number iterations by deriving a lower bound on the probability of obtaining the statistically optimal model in a number of iterations of FSA. Moreover, logistic regression is severely limited when two predictors can perfectly separate the two outcomes. In the case of small sample sizes, this occurs quite often by chance, especially in the case of a large number of predictors. Bhattacharyya distance is proposed as an alternative method to address this limitation. However, little is known about the theoretical properties or distribution of B-distance. Thus, properties and the distribution of this distance measure are derived here. A hypothesis test and confidence interval are developed and tested on both simulated and real data.
21
Hofflander, Malin. "Implementing video conferencing in discharge planning sessions : leadership and organizational culture when designing IT support for everyday work in nursing practice". Doctoral thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för hälsa, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-774.
Resumo:
The overall aim of this thesis has been to study the implementation process concerning the use of video conferencing in discharge planning, during and after a development project in a region in southeast Sweden. The research approach has been developed within a new interdisciplinary research area, Applied Health Technology. The main focus of the research has been on how the new IT solution has affected everyday work, and in what ways management supported staff during the implementation process. The study design has a qualitative approach. Phenomenological hermeneutics, content analysis and Participatory Action Research (PAR) have been used in the analysis process. Study I aimed to describe primary healthcare nursing staff’s experiences of discharge planning, along with their concerns about using video conferencing in discharge planning sessions. It was found that there is need for improvement in communication and understanding between nursing staff working in hospitals and in primary healthcare, and need for nursing staff to obtain more information about how IT solutions could support their work. The aim of Study II was to examine the implementation process of using video conferencing in discharge planning, according to a theoretical framework composed from theories about implementation processes. It was found that implementation frameworks can be useful, and that framing the implementation process supports the exposure of factors and highlights relationships and states of dependency between those factors which may affect implementation. Study III set out to describe managers’ reflections about leading the implementation process of using video conferencing in the discharge planning session. The results indicate that managers experienced two leadership perspectives when they reflected on the implementation process. On one hand, they described a desired way of leading implementation, on the other hand they described an actual way of leading implementation. The aim of Study IV was to describe the reflections of professionals about what is needed in order to create what should become a new best practice using videoconferencing in the discharge planning sessions. The results indicate that the professionals experienced lack of knowledge and understanding about each other’s everyday work and that the absence of well-functioning common routines obstructed the process. The results also indicate that there is a lack of common arenas to enable discussions, negotiations and agreements about adopting new routines as the discharge planning process changes over time. This thesis contributes to the much-needed discussions about how to manage the many ongoing IT implementation processes in Swedish healthcare organizations, by highlighting challenges and difficulties that both healthcare professionals and managers have experienced during an implementation process. The results indicate that implementation frameworks can be useful when new IT solutions are introduced in healthcare, and that there is a need for dedicating time, space and support for involved professionals in designing their everyday work.
22
Darwiche, Mostafa. "When operations research meets structural pattern recognition : on the solution of error-tolerant graph matching problems". Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4022/document.
Resumo:
Cette thèse se situe à l’intersection de deux domaines de recherche scientifique la Reconnaissance d’Objets Structurels (ROS) et la Recherche Opérationnelle (RO). Le premier consiste à rendre la machine plus intelligente et à reconnaître les objets, en particulier ceux basés sur les graphes. Alors que le second se focalise sur la résolution de problèmes d’optimisation combinatoire difficiles. L’idée principale de cette thèse est de combiner les connaissances de ces deux domaines. Parmi les problèmes difficiles existants en ROS, le problème de la distance d’édition entre graphes (DEG) a été sélectionné comme le cœur de ce travail. Les contributions portent sur la conception de méthodes adoptées du domaine RO pour la résolution du problème de DEG. Explicitement, des nouveaux modèles linéaires en nombre entiers et des matheuristiques ont été développé à cet effet et de très bons résultats ont été obtenus par rapport à des approches existantesThis thesis is focused on Graph Matching (GM) problems and in particular the Graph Edit Distance (GED) problems. There is a growing interest in these problems due to their numerous applications in different research domains, e.g. biology, chemistry, computer vision, etc. However, these problems are known to be complex and hard to solve, as the GED is a NP-hard problem. The main objectives sought in this thesis, are to develop methods for solving GED problems to optimality and/or heuristically. Operations Research (OR) field offers a wide range of exact and heuristic algorithms that have accomplished very good results when solving optimization problems. So, basically all the contributions presented in thesis are methods inspired from OR field. The exact methods are designed based on deep analysis and understanding of the problem, and are presented as Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) formulations. The proposed heuristic approaches are adapted versions of existing MILP-based heuristics (also known as matheuristics), by considering problem-dependent information to improve their performances and accuracy
23
Olabarrieta, Idoia. "Strategies to improve the aging, barrier and mechanical properties of chitosan, whey and wheat gluten protein films". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208.
24
Holgerson, Line. "Exploring the role of multi-functional solutions when planning for climate change : A case study of stormwater management in a Swedish city". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122934.
Resumo:
Managing stormwater sustainably in the face of extreme weather events has increasingly been recognized as a strategy for climate adaptation in the urban planning context. Sustainable stormwater management intends to reduce urban vulnerability while ensuring the overall sustainability and robustness of future cities. To add to the emerging research field of green infrastructure, the objective of the study is to explore the role of multi-functional solutions as a climate change response in urban planning and development. This study has been driven by an inductive research process and draws on empirical data collection through workshops and interviews with City Hall officials in Motala City. The study concludes that despite the lack of preventative planning to anticipate climate change, city renewal and urban development of Motala City presented a window of opportunity to implement potential multi-functional stormwater solutions in the urban environment through urban planning. Further, increased focus on internal and external collaboration through the process of envisioning the future of the city have enabled new forms of governance and facilitated arenas for public acceptance and an integrative planning-approach. Lastly, discourses on attractiveness enabled greenery to be viewed from a social, economic and environmental perspective, supporting multi-functional stormwater solutions as a strategy for climate adaptation and urban sustainability.
25
Thorgren, Andrea, e Niavarani Mona Ghasemi. "When darkness falls: Women's safety in refugee camps : A systematic literature review on the role of energy solutions for women". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Utveckling och internationellt samarbete, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45637.
Resumo:
Since the end of the 1990s, the number of forcibly displaced people has increased from 33 million to 80 million at the end of 2019. The living conditions within the refugee camps have progressed beyond emergency assistance, with the main objective being to provide short-term protection in refugee camps designed for short-term stays. However, the average time spent in a refugee camp is 20 years, and refugees often lack food security and power supply to meet basic needs such as cooking or lighting. Refugee settlements are stressful and unstable environments, especially for women and girls, who are vulnerable to various sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) forms. A systematic literature review of eight peer-reviewed articles and seven semi-structured interviews are used in this study to assess the effectiveness of humanitarian energy initiatives in reducing SGBV against women in refugee camps. In this thesis, a feminist lens is used to shed more light and unlock place-based challenges to sustainable energy solutions. Our study's findings indicate that establishing a link between sexual and gender-based violence and energy is difficult, and we cannot rule out the possibility of an existing link. We assert, however, that the most effective approach to reducing SGBV among refugee women is not through energy interventions but through a combination of mixed long-term solutions that address the root causes of violence.
26
Hjälmefjord, Helena. "BRANDS, CUSTOMERS AND PRODUCTS - FINDING THE OPTIMAL SOLUTION WHEN INCLUDING A NEW PRODUCT TO A WELL-KNOWN BRAND". Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1104.
Resumo:
The aim of this thesis is to define the optimal branding strategy for a new product; the InSure FIT Test; into an existing company with a well-known brand; HemoCue AB. This product will be the first in a row of new products that HemoCue will distribute, that has not been developed and manufactured by the company.
Design management refers to an approach whereby organizations make design-relevant decisions in a market and customer-oriented way as well as optimizing design-relevant processes. The thesis uses a design management approach by analyzing the brand, defining the customer and their wants and needs, and identifying the added values of the product.
The brand is analyzed first, and three different branding alternatives are presented, namely brand extension, co-branding and distribution only. Face-to-face interviews are performed with both internal and external customers of HemoCue AB to understand their image of the company. The customers’ images are compared to the identity that the company wants to transmit. After this the customers of the InSure products are identified, and Persona for the different customers are created. The creation of persona enables us to understand the users’ wants and needs. Last the InSure product is analyzed, identifying how it fits into the Mission, Vision and other statements that HemoCue makes.
From the information gathered SWOT analyses are performed on each branding alternative. The most important criterion are weighted and the branding alternatives are weighted in regards to the branding alternatives. The conclusion is made that the co-branding alternative is the optimal branding solution for the HemoCue company, as well as providing several benefits for the InSure product. This suggested branding solution may also be useable for the future portfolio extensions in the HemoCue and Quest Diagnostic companies.
27
Franks, Myfanwy Carmel. "Choosing a gendered solution : why do some women embrace Islamic and Protestant revivalisms in Britain today?" Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2463/.
28
Friberg, Amanda, e Viktoria Martinsson. "Problems and Solutions when Dealing with Street Children : A qualitative study based on experiences from Social Workers' in Bloemfontein, South Africa". Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för beteendevetenskap och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-37596.
Resumo:
Based on qualitative interviews with social workers is the aim with this study to examine a social worker's perspective concerning their work and development with street children in Bloemfontein, South Africa. The interviews were analyzed thematically focusing on how social workers describe the problems and their work/strategies with street children. The result is divided in two themes; Problems and Solution. Problems refer to how the local context concerning street children in Bloemfontein are described by social workers. Solutions refer to how the social workers describe their work and which solutions that are available in Bloemfontein. According to the participant’s street children are viewed as victims, thief’s and naughty by the society. The social workers stated that the main approach of effort in social work with street children are trustful-relationships, negotiation and support. Therefore, a relationship of trust must be gained before the children can receive help. The participants divided children of the street in to types, the ‘manipulative’ child and the ‘naive’ child. The social worker’s tasks are to work with both types of children in order to create change and to restore trust. The findings from the result are analyzed from one of Helen Fuchs Bach’s theoretical concepts from The Exit Process. This concept is called the Turning Point and refers to that there comes a point where a change is needed which affects the former identity and role for a person. Understanding the results using the Turing Point has helped us understand the importance of creating trusting relationships and making each street child feel special in order to enable change in a street child’s life.
29
Morris, Graham Peter. "Parameter recovery in AC solution-phase voltammetry and a consideration of some issues arising when applied to surface-confined reactions". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1b1d40f3-ef1a-4f64-b500-17ce34630c43.
Resumo:
A major problem in the quantitative analysis of AC voltammetric data has been the variance in results between laboratories, often resulting from a reliance on "heuristic" methods of parameter estimation that are strongly dependent on the choices of the operator. In this thesis, an automatic method for parameter estimation will be tested in the context of experiments involving electron-transfer processes in solution-phase. It will be shown that this automatic method produces parameter estimates consistent with those from other methods and the literature in the case of the ferri-/ferrocyanide couple, and is able to explain inconsistency in published values of the rate parameter for the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple. When a coupled homogeneous reaction is considered in a theoretical study, parameter recovery is achieved with a higher degree of accuracy when simulated data resulting from a high frequency AC voltammetry waveform are used. When surface-confined reactions are considered, heterogeneity in the rate constant and formal potential make parameter estimation more challenging. In the final study, a method for incorporating these "dispersion" effects into voltammetric simulations is presented, and for the first time, a quantitive theoretical study of the impact of dispersion on measured current is undertaken.
30
PAULA, Leila de. "Soro de leite em substituição à solução nutritiva no cultivo da forragem de milho hidropônico". Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2009. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5638.
Resumo:
Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-10-10T13:49:34Z
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Leila de Paula.pdf: 1268303 bytes, checksum: af643f4a4df7d349324c84fa3aa4f3f1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T13:51:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leila de Paula.pdf: 1268303 bytes, checksum: af643f4a4df7d349324c84fa3aa4f3f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-24
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and nutritional efficiency of hydroponic forage maize cultivated in whey as nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in an entirely randomized experimental design with six treatments and five replications and a control nutrient solution, conventionally employed in this type of cultivation. The other treatments were distributed in different levels of dilution of whey in tap water to get the concentrations of whey at levels of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%. Measurements of pH and EC were performed daily. The harvest was done 15 days after germination, being roots plus substrate separated from the shoots. The weight of fresh matter, dry matter, the levels of macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn), in addition to Na and Cl of both the shoot and roots were determined. The increase in concentrations of whey promoted reduction in yield of hydroponic forage, increase in levels of N, S and Zn, decrease of K, Ca and Mg and no effect on levels of P, Fe and Cu in the shoot. The levels of P, K, Ca, Mg, S and Cu in the roots were increased. There was no effect on the levels of Zn and Fe.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade e a eficiência nutricional da utilização do soro de leite aplicado como solução nutritiva no cultivo de forragem hidropônica de milho. Realizou-se o experimento em casa de vegetação em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e cinco repetições, sendo o tratamento controle uma solução nutritiva convencionalmente empregada nesse tipo de cultivo. Os demais tratamentos foram distribuídos em diferentes níveis de diluição do soro de leite em água potável, avaliando-se as concentrações de 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100% de soro de leite. Durante o experimento foram realizadas medições diárias de pH e CE das soluções drenadas. A colheita foi feita com 15 dias após a germinação, onde se separou a parte aérea do substrato com as raízes. Determinou-se o peso de matéria fresca, peso de matéria seca, os teores de macro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) e micronutrientes (Fe, Cu, Zn e Mn), além dos elementos que se mostraram em níveis tóxicos (Na e Cl), tanto da parte aérea como da parte radicular. O aumento nas concentrações de soro de leite promoveu redução na produtividade da forragem hidropônica. Observou-se com o aumento nas concentrações de soro de leite, acréscimo nos teores de N, S e Zn, com redução de K, Ca e Mg, além de não apresentar efeito nos teores de P, Fe e Cu, na parte aérea. Na porção radicular houve acréscimo nos teores de P, K, Ca, Mg, S e Cu não apresentando efeito nos teores de Zn e Fe.
31
Kozlowski, Anna Maria. "Trafficking Against Human Beings from the Polish-European Perspective: Why the State Security Approach is the Wrong Solution". Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1996.
Resumo:
Thesis advisor: Paul ChristensenThis thesis begins by examining the security trends of the European Union after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the resulting efforts to shield Europe against unknown enemies through strengthened external borders. It notes that the driving force behind such a state security mindset was the idea that the global developments that opened the way for hyperterrorism were also responsible for other cross-border threats such as cross-border crime and illegal migration. Thus Europe and consequently, Poland, have found themselves in positions of increased law enforcement and border control at a time when globalization presses for the free movement of goods and labor. As a product of these dualities, this work notes that human trafficking has negatively altered in its manifestations rather than decreasing in occurrence. Thus, through a detailed examination of United Nations, European Union, and Polish laws, this thesis finally concludes that the current state security approach to anti-trafficking efforts is ineffective; it argues that countries such as Poland – through the help of NGOs – must adopt a human security mindset and use improved criminal prosecution and victim assistance as a new, more successful, means of deterrence
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science
32
Singer, J. B. "Why solutions can be hard to find : a featural theory of cost for a local search algorithm on random satisfiability instances". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.661976.
Resumo:
The local search algorithm WSAT is one of the most successful algorithms for solving the archetypal NP-complete problem of satisfiability (SAT). It is notably effective at solving RANDOM-3-SAT instances near the so-called "satisfiability threshold", which are thought to be universally hard. However, WSAT still shows a peak in search cost near the threshold and large variations in cost over different instances. Why are solutions to the threshold instances so hard to find using WSAT? What features characterise threshold instances which make them difficult for WSAT to solve? We make a number of significant contributions to the analysis of WSAT on these high-cost random instances, using the recently-introduced concept of the backbone of a SAT instance. The backbone is the set of literals which are implicates of and instance. We find that the number of solutions predicts the cost well for small-backbone instances but is much less relevant for the large-backbone instances which appear near the threshold and dominate in the overconstrained region. We undertake a detailed study of the behaviour of the algorithm during search and uncover some interesting patterns. These patterns lead us to introduce a measure of the backbone fragility of an instance, which indicates how persistent the backbone is as clauses are removed. We propose that high-cost random instances for WSAT are those with large backbones which are also backbone-fragile. We suggest that the decay in cost for WSAT beyond the satisfiability threshold, which has perplexed a number of researchers, is due to the decreasing backbone fragility. Our hypothesis makes three correct predictions. First, that a measure of the backbone robustness of an instance (the opposite to backbone fragility) is negatively correlated with the WSAT cost when other factors are controlled for. Second, that backbone-minimal instances (which are 3-SAT instances altered so as to be more backbone-fragile) are unusually hard for WSAT. Third, that the clauses most often unsatisfied during search are those whose deletion has the most effect on the backbone.
33
Lloyd, Jennifer Elizabeth Victoria. "On modelling change and growth when the measures themselves change across waves : methodological and measurement issues and a novel non-parametric solution". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30944.
Resumo:
In the past 20 years, the analysis of individual change has become a key focus of research in
education and the social sciences. There are several parametric methodologies that centre
upon quantifying change. These varied methodologies, known as repeated measures
analyses, are commonly used in three research scenarios: In Scenario 1, the exact same
measure is used and re-used across waves (testing occasions). In Scenario 2, most of the
measures' content changes across waves - typically commensurate with the age and
experiences of the test-takers - but the measures retain one or more common items (test
questions) across waves. In Scenario 3, the measures either vary completely across waves
(i.e., there are no common items) or the sample being tested across waves is small or there is
no norming group. Some researchers assert that repeated measures analyses should only
occur if the measure itself remains unchanged across waves, arguing that it is not possible to
link or connect the scores (either methodologically or conceptually) of measures whose
content varies across waves. Because it is not uncommon to face Scenarios 2 and 3 in
educational and social science research settings, however, it is vital to explore more fully the
problem of analysing change and growth with measures that vary across waves. To this end,
the first objective of this dissertation is to weave together the (a) test linking and (b)
change/growth literatures for the purpose of exploring this problem in a comprehensive
manner. The second objective is to introduce a novel solution to the problem: the nonparametric
hierarchical linear model (for multi-wave data) and the non-parametric difference
score (for two-wave data). Two case studies that demonstrate the application of the
respective solutions are presented, accompanied by a discussion o f the novel solution's
strengths and limitations. Also presented is a discussion about what is meant by 'change'.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
34
Næset, Eline Hansen. "When the System Falls Short : A qualitative analysis of challenges and solutions to the problem of violence against women in Norway from the perspective of public management". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26970.
Resumo:
Despite a high level of gender equality and fulfilment of women’s rights and human rights in general, violence against women - particularly rape and domestic violence - remains a national public health problem in Norway. Based on theories of public management I investigate why the system of public management falls short when it comes to violence against women, and also what different societal actors suggest as solutions to the problem. The efficiency of the system depends upon its accessibility - the degree to which clients come into contact with the system and make use of the services it provides. By using qualitative data generated through interviews with politicians and professionals who work on the field, I argue that the accessibility of the system is low for victims of rape and domestic violence due to 1) certain characteristics of the system, 2) a high threshold between the victim and the system and 3) challenges with the interaction between the victim and the system. When it comes to the suggested solutions, I find that they could have a positive effect seen from the perspective of public management. The informants focus upon the importance of more crosssectoral cooperation, the need for changing some rules, a different approach on who should be the primary client of the system, the importance of working with children and with children in mind, and improvements in attitudes, knowledge and understanding among both professionals and people in general.
35
Tully, Daniel. "Using action research to develop my solution-focused practice in collaboration with Year 6 And 7 pupils when discussing their behavioural self-regulation at school". Thesis, University of East London, 2016. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/5216/.
Resumo:
This action research study aimed to develop the researcher's use of solutionfocused techniques when working with Year 6 and 7 pupils’ self-regulation. A systematic literature review highlighted an evidence base that demonstrated the efficacy of solution-focused methods when working with this population. The researcher’s intention was to add to the body of Educational Psychology practice-based evidence in this area. The researcher recruited eight participants from primary and secondary school provisions. Solution-focused techniques were systematically trialled in partnership with the pupils and were modified through an action research cycle. Semistructured interviewing provided participants the opportunity to critically evaluate the researcher’s solution-focused practice. Thematic Analysis was used to assess feedback in order to adapt the delivery of solution-focused techniques. Developments to practice explored within this study included modifications to the use of the six core components of Solution Focused Brief Therapy. Adaptations have the potential to inform the use of these solution-focused approaches with other educational practitioners.
36
Hedberg, Albert. "Why is 20/21st century warfare Commandable not Controllable and why do we still choose Restrictive Control instead of Directive Command : Aspects of Frictions interfering with the officer´s solution to command and control". Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4016.
37
Al, Khambashi Majid Salim. "Analysis and solutions for RFID tag and RFID reader deployment in wireless communications applications : simulation and measurement of linear and circular polarised RFID tag and reader antennas and analysing the tag's radiation efficiency when operated close to the human body". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6340.
Resumo:
The aim of this study is to analysis, investigate and find out the solutions for the problems associated with the implementations of antennas RFID Reader and Tag for various applications. In particular, the efficiency of the RFID reader antenna and the detection range of the RFID tag antenna, subject to a small and compact antenna's design configuration have been studied. The present work has been addressed directly to reduce the cost, size and increase the detection range and communication reliability of the RFID framework antennas. Furthermore, the modelling concept of RFID passive tags mounted on various materials including the novel design of RFID reader antenna using Genetic Algorithm (GA) are considered and discussed to maintain reliable and efficient antenna radiation performances. The main benefit of applying GA is to provide fast, accurate and reliable solutions of antenna's structure. Therefore, the GA has been successfully employed to design examples: meander-line, two linear cross elements and compact Helical- Spiral antennas. In addition, a hybrid method to model the human body interaction with RFID tag antenna operating at 900MHz has been studied. The near field distribution and the radiation pattern together with the statistical distribution of the radiation efficiency and the absorbed power in terms of cumulative distribution functions for different orientation and location of RFID's tag antenna on the human body have been demonstrated. Several tag antennas wi th symmetrical and unsymmetrical structure configurations operating in the European UHF band 850-950 MHz have been fabricated and tested. . The measured and simulated results have been found to be in a good agreement with reasonable impedance matching to the typical input impedance of an RFID integrated circuit chip and nominal power gain and radiation patterns.
38
Al, Khambashi Majid S. "Analysis and solutions for RFID tag and RFID reader deployment in wireless communications applications. Simulation and measurement of linear and circular polarised RFID tag and reader antennas and analysing the tags radiation efficiency when operated close to the human body". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6340.
Resumo:
The aim of this study is to analysis, investigate and find out the solutions for the
problems associated with the implementations of antennas RFID Reader and Tag
for various applications. In particular, the efficiency of the RFID reader antenna
and the detection range of the RFID tag antenna, subject to a small and compact
antenna¿s design configuration have been studied.
The present work has been addressed directly to reduce the cost, size and increase
the detection range and communication reliability of the RFID framework
antennas. Furthermore, the modelling concept of RFID passive tags mounted on
various materials including the novel design of RFID reader antenna using
Genetic Algorithm (GA) are considered and discussed to maintain reliable and
efficient antenna radiation performances.
The main benefit of applying GA is to provide fast, accurate and reliable solutions
of antenna¿s structure. Therefore, the GA has been successfully employed to
design examples: meander-line, two linear cross elements and compact Helical-
Spiral antennas.
In addition, a hybrid method to model the human body interaction with RFID tag
antenna operating at 900MHz has been studied. The near field distribution and the
radiation pattern together with the statistical distribution of the radiation
efficiency and the absorbed power in terms of cumulative distribution functions
for different orientation and location of RFID¿s tag antenna on the human body
have been demonstrated.
Several tag antennas wi th symmetrical and unsymmetrical structure configurations
operating in the European UHF band 850-950 MHz have been fabricated and
tested. . The measured and simulated results have been found to be in a good
agreement with reasonable impedance matching to the typical input impedance of
an RFID integrated circuit chip and nominal power gain and radiation patterns.
39
Hatton, Joshua Paul. "How and why did MARS facilitate migration control? : understanding the implication of migration and refugee studies (MARS) with the restriction of human mobility by UK state agencies". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fd66b181-747d-4551-b6d2-8bf30741b835.
Resumo:
This thesis makes two related arguments regarding the academic field of migration and refugee studies (MARS) and the control of migration by UK state agencies. The first, and more empirical one, is that the former facilitated the latter: the field’s members provided symbolic, technical, and pedagogic assistance to two non-departmental public bodies in controlling migration. The second, and more theoretical, argument of this thesis is that MARS facilitated migration control because of culture, power, and structure. It is through the field’s implication in the coercion of its human subjects by UK state agencies that MARS academics a) answered their calling, b) assisted class rule as ideologists, and c) separated sacred and profane by policing endogamy. The introduction describes the existing literature on the relationship between MARS and migration control. The consensus is that the former facilitated the latter. However, these studies fail to provide detailed accounts of the ways in which it did so. Chapter One defines the elements of my more empirical argument: MARS and migration control. An historical narrative outlines the institutional development of the field since its beginnings in the early 1980s. Then a new model for understanding migration control – i.e., migrant CODAR – is described. Chapter Two uses this model to trace the actor network through which MARS academics facilitated the restriction of their human subjects’ mobility by the UK state agencies of the Advisory Panel on Country Information and the Migration Advisory Committee. Chapters Three, Four, and Five use Weberian, Marxist, and Durkheimian anthropological approaches (respectively) to explain the implication of MARS and migration control that is described in Chapters One and Two. Finally, the conclusion of the thesis discusses its contributions to both more particular (i.e., the literature surveyed in the introduction on MARS and migration control) and more general (i.e., anthropology) scholarly fields.
40
Moreira, Ana Sofia Pereira. "Study of modifications induced by thermal and oxidative treatment in oligo and polysaccharides of coffee by mass spectrometry". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17074.
Resumo:
Doutoramento em BioquímicaOs polissacarídeos são os componentes maioritários dos grãos de café verde e torrado e da bebida de café. Os mais abundantes são as galactomananas, seguindo-se as arabinogalactanas. Durante o processo de torra, as galactomananas e arabinogalactanas sofrem modificações estruturais, as quais estão longe de estar completamente elucidadas devido à sua diversidade e à complexidade estrutural dos compostos formados. Durante o processo de torra, as galactomananas e arabinogalactanas reagem com proteínas, ácidos clorogénicos e sacarose, originando compostos castanhos de alto peso molecular contendo nitrogénio, designados de melanoidinas. As melanoidinas do café apresentam diversas atividades biológicas e efeitos benéficos para a saúde. No entanto, a sua estrutura exata e os mecanismos envolvidos na sua formação permanecem desconhecidos, bem como a relação estrutura-atividade biológica. A utilização de sistemas modelo e a análise por espectrometria de massa permitem obter uma visão global e, simultaneamente, detalhada das modificações estruturais nos polissacarídeos do café promovidas pela torra, contribuindo para a elucidação das estruturas e mecanismos de formação das melanoidinas. Com base nesta tese, oligossacarídeos estruturalmente relacionados com a cadeia principal das galactomananas, (β1→4)-Dmanotriose (Man3), e as cadeias laterais das arabinogalactanas, (α1→5)-Larabinotriose (Ara3), isoladamente ou em misturas com ácido 5-Ocafeoilquínico (5-CQA), o ácido clorogénico mais abundante nos grãos de café verde, e péptidos compostos por tirosina e leucina, usados como modelos das proteínas, foram sujeitos a tratamento térmico a seco, mimetizando o processo de torra. A oxidação induzida por radicais hidroxilo (HO•) foi também estudada, uma vez que estes radicais parecem estar envolvidos na modificação dos polissacarídeos durante a torra. A identificação das modificações estruturais induzidas por tratamento térmico e oxidativo dos compostos modelo foi feita por estratégias analíticas baseadas principalmente em espectrometria de massa, mas também em cromatografia líquida. A cromatografia de gás foi usada na análise de açúcares neutros e ligações glicosídicas. Para validar as conclusões obtidas com os compostos modelo, foram também analisadas amostras de polissacarídeos do café obtidas a partir de resíduo de café e café instantâneo. Os resultados obtidos a partir dos oligossacarídeos modelo quando submetidos a tratamento térmico (seco), assim como à oxidação induzida por HO• (em solução), indicam a ocorrência de despolimerização, o que está de acordo com estudos anteriores que reportam a despolimerização das galactomananas e arabinogalactanas do café durante a torra. Foram ainda identificados outros compostos resultantes da quebra do anel de açúcares formados durante o tratamento térmico e oxidativo da Ara3. Por outro lado, o tratamento térmico a seco dos oligossacarídeos modelo (individualmente ou quando misturados) promoveu a formação de oligossacarídeos com um maior grau de polimerização, e também polissacarídeos com novos tipos de ligações glicosídicas, evidenciando a ocorrência de polimerização através reações de transglicosilação não enzimática induzidas por tratamento térmico a seco. As reações de transglicosilação induzidas por tratamento térmico a seco podem ocorrer entre resíduos de açúcares provenientes da mesma origem, mas também de origens diferentes com formação de estruturas híbridas, contendo arabinose e manose como observado nos casos dos compostos modelo usados. Os resultados obtidos a partir de amostras do resíduo de café e de café instantâneo sugerem a presença de polissacarídeos híbridos nestas amostras de café processado, corroborando a ocorrência de transglicosilação durante o processo de torra. Além disso, o estudo de misturas contendo diferentes proporções de cada oligossacarídeo modelo, mimetizando regiões do grão de café com composição distinta em polissacarídeos, sujeitos a diferentes períodos de tratamento térmico, permitiu inferir que diferentes estruturas híbridas e não híbridas podem ser formadas a partir das arabinogalactanas e galactomananas, dependendo da sua distribuição nas paredes celulares do grão e das condições de torra. Estes resultados podem explicar a heterogeneidade de estruturas de melanoidinas formadas durante a torra do café. Os resultados obtidos a partir de misturas modelo contendo um oligossacarídeo (Ara3 ou Man3) e 5-CQA sujeitas a tratamento térmico a seco, assim como de amostras provenientes do resíduo de café, mostraram a formação de compostos híbridos compostos por moléculas de CQA ligadas covalentemente a um número variável de resíduos de açúcar. Além disso, os resultados obtidos a partir da mistura contendo Man3 e 5-CQA mostraram que o CQA atua como catalisador das reações de transglicosilação. Por outro lado, nas misturas modelo contendo um péptido, mesmo contendo também 5-CQA e sujeitas ao mesmo tratamento, observou-se uma diminuição na extensão das reações transglicosilação. Este resultado pode explicar a baixa extensão das reações de transglicosilação não enzimáticas durante a torra nas regiões do grão de café mais ricas em proteínas, apesar dos polissacarídeos serem os componentes maioritários dos grãos de café. A diminuição das reações de transglicosilação na presença de péptidos/proteínas pode dever-se ao facto de os resíduos de açúcares redutores reagirem preferencialmente com os grupos amina de péptidos/proteínas por reação de Maillard, diminuindo o número de resíduos de açúcares redutores disponíveis para as reações de transglicosilação. Além dos compostos já descritos, uma diversidade de outros compostos foram formados a partir dos sistemas modelo, nomeadamente derivados de desidratação formados durante o tratamento térmico a seco. Em conclusão, a tipificação das modificações estruturais promovidas pela torra nos polissacarídeos do café abre o caminho para a compreensão dos mecanismos de formação das melanoidinas e da relação estrutura-atividade destes compostos.
Polysaccharides are the major components of green and roasted coffee beans, and coffee brew. The most abundant ones are galactomannans, followed by arabinogalactans. During the roasting process, galactomannans and arabinogalactans undergo structural modifications that are far to be completely elucidated due to their diversity and complexity of the compounds formed. During the roasting process, galactomannans and arabinogalactans react with proteins, chlorogenic acids, and sucrose, originating high molecular weight brown compounds containing nitrogen, known as melanoidins. Several biological activities and beneficial health effects have been attributed to coffee melanoidins. However, their exact structures and the mechanisms involved in their formation remain unknown, as well as the structure-biological activity relationship. The use of model systems and mass spectrometry analysis allow to obtain an overall view and, simultaneously, detailed, of the structural modifications in coffee polysaccharides promoted by roasting, contributing to the elucidation of the structures and formation mechanisms of melanoidins. Based on this thesis, oligosaccharides structurally related to the backbone of galactomannans, (β1→4)-D-mannotriose, and the side chains of arabinogalactans, (α1→5)-Larabinotriose, alone or in mixtures with 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, the most abundant chlorogenic acid in green coffee beans, and dipeptides composed by tyrosine and leucine, used as models of proteins, were submitted to dry thermal treatments, mimicking the coffee roasting process. The oxidation induced by hydroxyl radicals (HO•) was also studied, since these radicals seem to be involved in the modification of the polysaccharides during roasting. The identification of the structural modifications induced by thermal and oxidative treatment of the model compounds was performed mostly by mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies, but also using liquid chromatography. Gas chromatography was used in the analysis of neutral sugars and glycosidic linkages. To validate the conclusions achieved with the model compounds, coffee polysaccharide samples obtained from spent coffee grounds and instant coffee were also analysed. The results obtained from the model oligosaccharides when submitted to thermal treatment (dry) or oxidation induced by HO• (in solution) indicate the occurrence of depolymerization, which is in line with previous studies reporting the depolymerization of coffee galactomannans and arabinogalactans during roasting. Compounds resulting from sugar ring cleavage were also formed during thermal treatment and oxidative treatment of Ara3. On the other hand, the dry thermal treatment of the model oligosaccharides (alone or when mixed) promoted the formation of oligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerization, and also polysaccharides with new type of glycosidic linkages, evidencing the occurrence of polymerization via non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions induced by dry thermal treatment. The transglycosylation reactions induced by dry thermal treatment can occur between sugar residues from the same origin, but also of different origins, with formation of hybrid structures, containing arabinose and mannose in the case of the model compounds used. The results obtained from spent coffee grounds and instant coffee samples suggest the presence of hybrid polysaccharides in these processed coffee samples, corroborating the occurrence of transglycosylation during the roasting process. Furthermore, the study of mixtures containing different proportions of each model oligosaccharide, mimicking coffee bean regions with distinct polysaccharide composition, subjected to different periods of thermal treatment, allowed to infer that different hybrid and non-hybrid structures may be formed from arabinogalactans and galactomannans, depending on their distribution in the bean cell walls and on roasting conditions. These results may explain the heterogeneity of melanoidins structures formed during coffee roasting. The results obtained from model mixtures containing an oligosaccharide (Ara3 or Man3) and 5-CQA and subjected to dry thermal treatment, as well as samples derived from spent coffee grounds, showed the formation of hybrid compounds composed by CQA molecules covalently linked to a variable number of sugar residues. Moreover, the results obtained from the mixture containing Man3 and 5-CQA showed that CQA acts as catalyst of transglycosylation reactions. On the other hand, in the model mixtures containing a peptide, even if containing 5-CQA and subjected to the same treatment, it was observed a decrease in the extent of transglycosylation reactions. This outcome can explain the low extent of non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions during roasting in coffee bean regions enriched in proteins, although polysaccharides are the major components of the coffee beans. The decrease of transglycosylation reactions in the presence of peptides/proteins can be related with the preferential reactivity of reducing residues with the amino groups of peptides/proteins by Maillard reaction, decreasing the number of reducing residues available to be directly involved in the transglycosylation reactions. In addition to the compounds already described, a diversity of other compounds were formed from model systems, namely dehydrated derivatives formed during dry thermal treatment. In conclusion, the identification of the structural modifications in coffee polysaccharides promoted by roasting pave the way to the understanding of the mechanisms of formation of melanoidins and structure-activity relationship of these compounds.
41
Tek, Hatice Nazik. "Purification of whey proteins and use in model beverage solutions". 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/54114141.html.
Resumo:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2003.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-99).
42
Wang, Tzu-Chao, e 汪子超. "Why and When GUI Test Automation Fails in Practice and Our Solutions to The Problem". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93ypue.
Resumo:
碩士國立中央大學
資訊工程學系
105
GUI (graphic user interface) testing and integration testing play a pivotal position in software industry. The GUI test automation, should ideally be a powerful solution to GUI / integration test. It has been actually adopted by some commercial companies for formal use. However, the adoption often appears to be problematic and difficult in practice. In a GUI automation test case, the interactions between user and the system under test can be recorded with “Capture / Replay” software, or be manually written into test scripts. Afterwards, testers are required to add assertion to determine the correctness of the test runs. By regressing these GUI tests, the quality and correctness of software product can be ensured by performing test runs before each iterative software production release. However, when it comes to frequent changes of UI elements, evolvement of user interface, and the replaying environments are different from the ones when scripts were recorded or written, the usability, robustness, and flexibility of most of the GUI test automation tools remain problematic and are yet not sufficient enough for practical usage. This paper describes and analyzes the problems of GUI test automation tools, and the real successful cases of applying a capture / replay software – Korat to the industry 4.0 production line of industrial personal computer (IPC) company – ADLINK and the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company – TSMC. The experiences and works presented in this paper are provided as a reference for the development and the commercial application of GUI test automation tools.
43
Olsson, Anton, e Gustaf Joelsson. "Requirements Analysis For AI Solutions : A Study On How Requirements Analysis Is Executed When Developing AI Solutions". Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25542.
Resumo:
Requirements analysis is an essential part of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) in order to achieve success in a software development project. There are several methods, techniques and frameworks used when expressing, prioritizing and managing requirements in IT projects. It is widely established that it is difficult to determine requirements for traditional systems, so a question naturally arises on how the requirements analysis is executed as AI solutions (that even fewer individuals can grasp) are being developed. Little research has been made on how the vital requirements phase is executed during development of AI solutions. This research aims to investigate the requirements analysis phase during the development of AI solutions. To explore this topic, an extensive literature review was made, and in order to collect new information, a number of interviews were performed with five suitable organizations (i.e, organizations that develop AI solutions). The results from the research concludes that the requirements analysis does not differ between development of AI solutions in comparison to development of traditional systems. However, the research showed that there were some deviations that can be deemed to be particularly unique for the development of AI solutions that affects the requirements analysis. These are:(1) the need for an iterative and agile systems development process, with an associated iterative and agile requirements analysis, (2) the importance of having a large set of quality data, (3) the relative deprioritization of user involvement, and (4) the difficulty of establishing timeframe, results/feasibility and the behavior of the AI solution beforehand.
44
Yang, Chin-Yo, e 楊進有. "Use TPP/genipin co-crosslinked chitosan gel beads to adsorb the phytic acid of soybean whey solution". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97425649245773840739.
Resumo:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
98
The object of this study is to investigate the characterization of different type of TPP/genipin co-crosslinked chitosan beads and choose an appropriate kind of chitosan bead to carry out the study of adsorption isotherm for phytic acid. Finally, finding the optimum condition for selectively adsorbed of phytic acid from soybean whey, and improving the utilization of soybean whey. The chitosan-based networks of gel beads were prepared with degree of deacetylation of 80% and molecular weight of 900 kDa chitosan. The characterization of chitosan beads were different with to prepared in different pH (2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0 and 9.0). The crosslinking degree and size of beads were decreased with increasing pH value. The degree of crosslinking and the size of chitosan beads were between 80.14% to 59.22% and 2.38 to 1.94 mm, respectively. The chitosan beads co-crosslinked at pH 7.0 had better breaking force, deformation degree of breaking and gel strength, the each of value was 5.38 g, 1.31 mm and 7.08 g•mm, respectively. The phytic acid was adsorbed with different type of chitosan beads to get equilibrium concentration at 24 hours. The amount of phytic acid was adsorbed by co-crosslinked chitosan beads were increasing with decreasing pH value. The TPP/genipin co-crossliked chitosan bead prepared in pH 7.0 was be the adsorbent to adsorb phytic acid, because its mechanical strength and adsorption capacity was good. The parameters studied include the effects of pH, treatment time and the initial concentrations by batch method. The maximum monolayer adsorption of the chitosan beads was 12.24 mg g-1 at pH 2.0, 35℃ and 24 h. The results obtained from equilibrium adsorption studies were fitted in Langmuir adsorption model but not in Freundlich adsorption model, and the model parameters have been evaluated. The equilibrium parameter (KR) indicated that the process of adsorption was favorable. The dynamical data fit well with the second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity increases largely with decreasing solution pH and temperature or with increasing initial phytic acid concentration. The adsorption of phytic acid on the chitosan bead co-crosslinked at pH 7.0 was spontaneous and an exothermic process, and accompany of decreasing randomness. The activation energy of adsorption and desorption were 55.77 kJ mol-1 and 71.51 kJ mol-1, respectively. In order to desorb phytic acid from the surface of co-crosslinked chitosan bead into solution which the solution condition need be changed. At pH 2.0 and 25℃, the chitosan beads co-crosslinked at pH 7.0 could selectively adsorb phytic acid from soybean whey solution, and the adsorption rate was 30.23%. At pH 9.0 and 25℃, the chitosan beads co-crosslinked at pH 7.0 could desorb the absorbed phytic acid efficiently, the desorption rate was 93.98%.
45
Richards, Evan Thomas. "Selecting the correct solution to a physics problem when given several possibilities". 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03052010-234223/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
46
Zhang, I.-Wen, e 張逸文. "PrivacyGuard：A Kernel-based Solution to Enhance the User Privacy When Using Private Browsing". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46469135431576404197.
Resumo:
碩士國立中央大學
資訊工程研究所
100
Recently, due to the advanced technology developed on the Internet, the Web browser has become one of the essential applications. A Web browser is not only used to surf on the internet, but also plays an important role as a portable operating system. For example, many users edit documents via an on-line editor and store the documents in an on-line storage. All those tasks are done with the help of a Web browser. This results in a large number of attacks on Web browsers. Therefore, the security of Web browsers has become a more and more important issue in recent years. Through attacking Web browsers, the attackers may get our private information such as surfing habits and passwords. This is because that Web browsers always leave cookies, browsing history, and caches on the computer. To avoid malicious attacks, many Web browsers have developed the mechanism of private browsing mode. In the private browsing mode, a user’s behavior is not traced and his private information is not left either. However, the mechanism still creates files such as bookmarks. Most important of all, the files downloaded through a Web browser are saved on the disk unless the user deletes them himself. This is really a serious threat to the private security of Web users. We design a mechanism on Windows XP to observe the behavior of creating and deleting files of Firefox in private browsing mode. Then we focus on the files which are not removed, and clear them by our mechanism. We hope that via our mechanism, the Web browsers can provide a comprehensively secure environment.
47
Shang, Chuan Ti, e 尚轉娣. "Problems Encountered and the Solutions of A Third Party Logistics when Facing the Flourishing Otaku-Economy Environment". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17292163340104267492.
Resumo:
碩士長庚大學
商管專業學院碩士學位學程在職專班經營管理組
103
Under the trend of globalization, the internet and e-commerce have been flourishing, and the supply chain management services have become more important than ever. Consequently, the 3PLs also need to take on different strategies in response of the ever-changing customer demands. In 2014, e-commerce market size in Taiwan was NT$ 880 billion, which accounted for about 61% share of B2C. After the government opened the third-party payment platform, it is estimated that E-commerce will generate additional revenue of NT$ 120 billion to 200 billion in 2015. Undoubtly, E-commerce has been becoming another one of next Trillion-Dollar industry in Taiowan. Facing the big challenges of the structural changes in customer base, to become competitive a 3PL must be innovative and capable of providing excellent services. In view of this, this paper explores the problems encountered and provides the solutions for 3PLs when facing the flourishing Otaku-Economy environment. The thesis is supported by a case study made on “U Logistics Company“. The research results provide the suggestions to the Taiwanese's 3PLs: In the past era of Logistics 2.0, the core competency of a 3PL was “Integration,” but now, in Logistics 3.0, it is the “distribution network,” that makes the provision of integrated and customized solutions possible. Through the logistics network and the Internet platform, a 3PL is able to provide its customers with total logistics solution services.
48
Sagal, Metin. "Two new approximate solution techniques for a moving target problem when searcher motion is constrained". Thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21595.
49
Matos, Mafalda do Espírito Santo Silva. "Biosynthesis of therapeutic DNA plasmid using agri-food subproducts media". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/5937.
Resumo:
Increased relevance of biomedical applications of plasmid DNA (pDNA) to induce therapeutic effects has having a great impact on industry and biopharmaceutical research. Gene therapy and DNA vaccines are a new approach for treating genetic diseases such as cancer. These new therapies are based on delivery systems of drugs based on nucleic acids that act at the level of the target cell, correcting or deleting the affected cells. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most used host system in the production of pDNA, due to their high growth in minimal media and its easy genetic manipulation. In this paper we used E. coli VH35, a variant with genetic modifications that minimize the accumulation of acetate. Several studies have been performed in different steps of production and purification of plasmid DNA into E. coli in order to increase the yield and productivity of this biomolecule. However, despite several optimization achieved, commercial substrates are used as culture media to produce this biomolecule, taking into account that the final yield of pDNA make the whole production process quite expensive. In order to overcome this problem, the commercial substrates may be supplemented or replaced by industrial wastes resulting in a pDNA yield very similar compared to commercial substrates, via a more economical process. In this paper we used the CSL ("corn step liquor") and the CWPS ("Cheese whey power solution") as alternative substrates in culture media for production of pDNA in E. coli.O aumento da relevância da aplicabilidade biomédica do DNA plasmídico (pDNA) para induzir efeitos terapêuticos tem tido um grande impacto na indústria e pesquisa biofarmacêutica. A terapia génica e as vacinas de DNA são uma nova abordagem no tratamento de doenças genéticas, como o cancro. Estas novas terapêuticas têm por base a entrega de fármacos baseados em ácidos nucleicos, que atuam ao nível das células alvo, corrigindo ou destruindo as células afetadas. A Escherichia coli (E. coli) é o sistema hospedeiro mais utilizado na produção de pDNA, dado o seu elevado crescimento em meios mínimos e a sua fácil manipulação genética. No presente trabalho é utilizada a E. coli VH35, uma variante com modificações genéticas que minimizam a acumulação de acetato. Diversos estudos têm sido efetuados nas diferentes etapas de produção e purificação de DNA plasmídico em E. coli, com a finalidade de aumentar o rendimento e produtividade final desta biomolécula. No entanto, apesar de diversas otimizações alcançadas, os substratos comerciais utilizados como meios de cultura para produzir esta biomolécula, tendo em conta o rendimento final, tornam todo o processo de produção de pDNA bastante dispendioso. De modo a superar este problema, os substratos comerciais podem ser suplementados ou substituídos por excedentes industriais, obtendo-se uma produtividade de pDNA bastante semelhante comparativamente aos substratos comerciais, através de um processo muito mais económico. No presente trabalho é utilizado o CSL (“corn step liquor”) e o CWPS (“Cheese whey poder solution”) como substratos alternativos em meios de cultura para a produção de pDNA em E. coli.
50
Banerjee, Shubhonil, e Dipak Kumar Patel. "A Comparative Study of Effects on Characteristic Properties of FRP Composites When Exposed to Distilled Water, Nacl-Water Solution and Sea Water Separately". Thesis, 2008. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/122/1/Dipak.pdf.
Resumo:
A comparative study of effects on characteristic properties of FRP composites when exposed to Distilled water, NaCl- water solution and sea water separately was done.Composite of E- glass fiber reinforced in epoxy resin (araldite LY556) in 40:60 weight ratios was used. Samples were immersed for 2, 4, and 8 days in the three mediums separately at 60°C and 95% humidity in a humid chamber. ILSS values were calculated using INSTRON 1195. It was found that all solutions marginally degraded the mechanical property this was mainly the result of polymer hydrolysis. The diffusivity was found to be maximum in case of 3.2% NaCl solution and minimum in sea water. The immersion in sea water had least affect on mechanical properties. As evidenced by SEM micrographs, the worst case of damage involved large amount of debonding and fiber pullout in case of 3.2% NaCl solution, while sea water least affecting the matrix.