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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Wheat Drought resistance"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 29 de janeiro de 2023

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1

M. Amin, Aumeed Noori, e Shirwan Ismail Tawfik. "Evaluation of wheat cultivars for drought resistance during germinating". Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 2, n.º 2 (1 de setembro de 1999): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10036.

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2

B, Ganbaatar, e Batbold S. "Drought resistance of spring wheat varieties". Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 28, n.º 03 (30 de dezembro de 2019): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v28i03.1301.

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Selection for drought tolerance typically involves evaluating genotypes for either high yield potential or stable performance under drought stress. In order to select drought tolerant varieties of bread wheat an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications during the growing season 2014-2018. Eight drought tolerance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity index (MP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI) and drought resistance index (DI) were calculated and adjusted based on grain yield under drought years (Ys) and favorable years (Yp). Result of study showed significant positive correlation between grain yield in the stress condition (Ys) with indicators STI, GMP, TOL, MP, and DI, accordingly they are discriminating drought tolerant genotypes at the same manner. Wheat varieties Darkhan-172, Darkhan-72, Altaiskaya-325, Altaiskaya-70, Darkhan-181 has a high yield potential. Genotypes Darkhan-160, Arvin, Darkhan-144 most droughts tolerant and can be use in wheat breeding for improving drought resistance. Зусах зөөлөн буудайн сортуудыг ган тэсвэрийнүнэлэмжээр үнэлсэн дүнгээс Судалгаагаар манай оронд өргөн тариалагдаж байгаа өөрийн орны селекцээр гаргасан болон гадаадын нийт 20 сортонд ган тэсвэрийн индекс:стресс тэсвэрийн индекс (SТI), тэсвэрийн индекс (TOL),стресс мэдрэмжийн индекс (SSI), ган тэсвэрийн индекс (DI)-ээрүнэлгээ өгсөн. Зусах зөөлөн буудайн ургац ба ган тэсвэрийн индексүүдийн хооронд эерэг нягт хамааралыг тогтоосон. Чийгийн хангамж сайтай жилд потенциаль ургацаар буудайн эртийн болцтой Дархан-172, дунд-эртийн болцтой Дархан-72, Алтайская-325, Алтайская-70, дунд оройн болцтой Дархан-181 сортууд шалгарсан ба эдгээр сортуудыг селекцид хагас эрчимжсэн сорт гаргахад ашиглаж болно. Ган тэсвэр өндөртэй сортыг бий болгоходселекцид эртийн болцтой Дархан-160, дунд-эртийн болцтой Арвин, дунд оройн болцтой Дархан-144 сортуудыг эх материалаар ашиглаж болно. Зусах буудайн Дархан-144 сорт нь гадаад орчны нөхцөлд дасан зохицох чадвар сайтай сортоор шалгарав. Түлхүүр үг: болц,сорт, ургац, стресс, индекс

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3

Saint Pierre, Carolina, José L. Crossa, David Bonnett, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki e Matthew P. Reynolds. "Phenotyping transgenic wheat for drought resistance". Journal of Experimental Botany 63, n.º 5 (2 de janeiro de 2012): 1799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err385.

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4

Rijal, Bipin, Prakash Baduwal, Madhukar Chaudhary, Sandesh Chapagain, Sushank Khanal, Saugat Khanal e Padam Bahadur Poudel. "DROUGHT STRESS IMPACTS ON WHEAT AND ITS RESISTANCE MECHANISMS". Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 5, n.º 2 (6 de janeiro de 2020): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.67.76.

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Scarcity of water has been a serious agricultural hindrance to crop productivity since antiquity. Drought-stressed loss in wheat yield likely exceeds losses from all other causes, since both the severity and duration of the stress are censorious. Here, we have reviewed the effects of drought stress on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes along with the growth impacts, water relations, and photosynthesis impacts in wheat. This review also illustrates the mechanism of drought resistance in wheat. Historical drought years in Nepal have been identified and the yield losses were assessed. Wheat encounters a variety of morphological, physiological, biochemical responses at cellular and molecular levels towards prevailing water stress, thus making it a complex phenomenon. Drought stress affects leaf size, stems elongation and root proliferation, imbalance plant-water relations and decline water-use efficiency. Different types of physiological research are ongoing to find out the changes occurs in the wheat plant as a result of drought stress. Morphological changes can be looked through two ways: changes in root system and changes in shoot system such as effects on height, leaf senescence, flowering, and so on. Physiological changes involve changes in cell growth pattern, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic disturbances, plant-water relations, etc. Biochemical changes occur in different chemical, biomolecules, and enzymes. Plants portray several mechanisms to withstand drought stress which can be classified as Drought escape, Drought avoidance, and Drought tolerance. Selection of wheat genotype that can tolerate water scarcity would be suitable for the breeding program aiming to development of drought tolerant variety under water limited regions.

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5

Kosová, K., P. Vítámvás, M. O. Urban, J. Kholová e I. T. Prášil. "Breeding for enhanced drought resistance in barley and wheat – drought-associated traits, genetic resources and their potential utilization in breeding programmes". Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 50, No. 4 (27 de novembro de 2014): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/118/2014-cjgpb.

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Drought represents the most devastating abiotic stress factor worldwide. It severely limits plant growth and development as well as agricultural characteristics including the final yield. The aim of this review is to summarise recent results of the breeding of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum; T. durum) for improved resistance to drought stress. First, drought-associated terms and definitions are outlined and plant strategies to cope with drought are presented. A brief overview of plant physiological mechanisms involved in water uptake and release is provided. Photosynthesis-related parameters (CO<sub>2</sub> availability and associated features such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity, <sup>13</sup>C discrimination activity, water use efficiency) are discussed due to the crucial role of plant leaf stomata in both photosynthesis and water management. The second part describes the present state of research on drought resistance-associated traits in barley and wheat. Different strategies of plant water management aimed at maximising the final yield under various types of drought stress are discussed. Possibilities of the detection, identification and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in barley and wheat germplasm are discussed and the future approaches to breeding for enhanced drought resistance as a complex physiological and agronomical trait are outlined.

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6

Kokhmetova, A., G. Sariyeva e S. Kenjebayeva. "Yield stability and drought resistance in wheat". Acta Botanica Hungarica 45, n.º 1-2 (maio de 2003): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/abot.45.2003.1-2.13.

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7

Wang, Ruomei, Jisu Wu, Xiong Deng, Dongmiao Liu e Yueming Yan. "Drought-responsive protein identification in developing grains of a wheat–Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line". Crop and Pasture Science 69, n.º 12 (2018): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18303.

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Drought is a widespread abiotic stress that has a detrimental effect on both yield and quality of wheat. Discovery and utilisation of drought-resistant gene resources from wheat-related species may help to mitigate effects of drought and decrease yield loss. In this study, we used a comparative proteome approach to identify potential drought-resistance proteins from a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–Haynaldia villosa (L.) Schur 6VS/6AL translocation line. Drought experiments showed that introgression of the H. villosa 6VS chromosome short arm into common wheat cultivar Yangmai 5 through 6VS/6AL translocation led to better drought resistance. Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) identified 99 differentially accumulated protein (DAP) spots in the wheat–H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line, 42 of which were specifically present or showed a significantly upregulated accumulation. Of these, 20 DAPs representing 19 unique proteins in the wheat–H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line were upregulated under drought stress. These proteins were mainly involved in defence–stress, energy metabolism, carbon metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and protein metabolism or folding. Protein–protein interaction analysis of key DAPs displayed a complex interaction network that synergistically regulated drought response. Dynamic transcriptional expression analysis revealed the differential expression of six key DAP genes involved in drought-stress response in the protein–protein interaction network. Our results indicated that H. villosa may have gene resources for wheat drought-resistance improvement.

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8

Wang, Yanjing, Baoting Fang, Simeng Du e Xiangdong Li. "The Effect of Wheat Drought Resistance by Different Concentrations Exogenous Strigolactone". Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 16, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2022): 653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2022.2214.

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Drought is one of the main disasters affecting wheat production. As a new type of plant hormone, SLs can effectively regulate the drought resistance of plants. However, so far, there are few studies on its effects on the growth and development of wheat. Aiming at the above situation, this study used foliar spraying to study its effects on the drought resistance metabolism of wheat under different concentration conditions. The results showed that exogenous SLs could not only improve root structure and promote root growth, but also increase the activities of enzymes such as SOD, POD and CAT in leaves, reduce the content of MDA, increase the content of Proline, and then improve the growth of plants. Water content, promote the improvement of photosynthetic pigments, and ensure the effective process of plant water and energy metabolism, thereby improving the drought resistance level of wheat at seedling stage. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the application of SLs in wheat drought resistance, but also provides some technical support for its field cultivation in wheat.

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9

Hafid, R. El, Dan H. Smith, M. Karrou e K. Samir. "Physiological attributes associated with early-season drought resistance in spring durum wheat cultivars". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 1998): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-070.

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One of the common features of the Mediterranean climate in North Africa is the uncertainty of rainfall immediately after wheat (Triticum durum Desf) emerges. Relatively little work has been done to compare the drought resistance of spring durum wheat cultivars under early-season drought stress. There is a limited insight into the physiological basis of spring durum wheat drought resistance in rainfed Mediterranean regions. Field experiments were conducted in 1995 and 1996 growing seasons, and a greenhouse experiment was conducted in 1996 to examine differences in some physiological characters among six spring durum wheat cultivars in response to different durations of early-season drought, and rewatering; and to determine the relationships of these characters to drought resistance. Six spring durum wheat cultivars were evaluated under four water regimes. Water regime treatments were: a well-irrigated treatment; and three water deficit treatments imposed during the period from emergence through either the onset of tillering, mid-tillering or the end of tillering. Cultivars differed widely in their response to early season water stress. Under drought stress conditions, grain yield, aboveground dry matter yield, water use efficiency for the grain (WUEg) and for the total dry matter (WUEdm) were strongly positively associated with net CO2 uptake:transpiration ratio (A/E), and osmoregulation capacity. It is concluded that drought-induced changes in A, A/E, stomatal resistance, and osmotic adjustment are possible key control points in determining the drought-resistance of a cultivar. Furthermore, there is a substantial degree of intraspecific variation for the above mentioned physiological attributes to explore as a selection tool. Selection for high osmoregulation capacity and high A/E ratio would seem to be a justifiable means of improving total dry matter and grain yield under conditions of early-season water stress. Key words: Wheat, Triticum durum Desf., physiological attributes, early-season drought

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10

SR, Ahmad. "Biostimulant Potential of Organic and Inorganic Amendments to Alleviate the Drought Stress in Wheat Crop in Pakistan". Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics 3, n.º 4 (2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000152.

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Drought is one of the most harmful environmental factors that adversely affect the growth of economically important crops and global food security. Its prevalence is increasing worldwide as a result of global warming and about one-third of the world land area is prone to drought. Droughts are also common in Pakistan that affects the agriculture. Wheat is the most important cereal crop in all over the world, but in Pakistan its yield is much lower than other countries. So, under this scenario there is a need to develop environment friendly approaches to mitigate the effects of drought stress for sustainable agricultural productivity. Use of organic matter can enhance soil moisture holding capacity and allow penetration of plant roots to access soil moisture and nutrients for higher crop yield. So, it is important to keep soil organic matter at reasonable levels to preserve the healthy soil. Cow dung manure and press mud both are good source of organic matter that can enhance nutrients and water holding capacity of soil. Silicon application can also improve the plant resistance to water deficiency under drought. Hence, the combine application of organic and inorganic amendments may be considered a practical approach to stimulate the growth and biomass of wheat crop under drought stress.

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11

Zotova, L. P., A. Kh Zhumalin, T. V. Savin, S. A. Dzhataev, A. S. Nuralov e G. Zh Khassanova. "Assessment of drought tolerance of spring wheat". Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology, n.º 4 (13 de novembro de 2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.12.

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Under the conditions of climate change, the problem of drought tolerance of agricultural crops is gaining an increasing effect. The lack of moisture remains a limiting factor and leads to a decrease in plant productivity in an arid climate. Therefore, an important direction of modern breeding, and today, is to increase the drought tolerance of plants when creating new varieties. To assess the resistance of plants, various methods are used, including laboratory ones. In physiological assessment, an effective method is to assess drought tolerance at the seedling stage. A deeper analysis is molecular labeling based on the genes that control the trait under study. The article presents the results of studies on the assessment of soft durum wheat samples for resistance to osmotic stress and their molecular screening using marker technology. The purpose of the research is to study and select the selected varieties of spring wheat on the basis of drought tolerance. The selected varieties and lines are recommended as a promising starting material in breeding for drought tolerance.

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12

Motsnyi, I. I., O. O. Molodchenkova, T. P. Nargan, M. Yu Nakonechnyi, S. Ph Lyfenko, J. S. Fanin e L. T. Mishchenko. "Assessment of wheat wide hybridization derivatives for agronomic traits and disease resistance in drought conditions". Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 31 (1 de setembro de 2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v31.1487.

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Aim. To determine the breeding value of wheat wide hybridization derivatives by studying the resistance to diseases, protein content and yield, productivity and drought resistance index. Methods. Growing plants in favorable conditions, environments of acute drought and under infection background of wheat rusts was combined with the laboratory methods for determining weight of 1000 kernels and protein content. Results. Disease resistance has depended on the pathogen species and the source of alien variability. The drought resistance index is mainly determined by the yield of the material in drought conditions (r = –0.65***) and to a lesser extent depends on the yield under normal environments (r = 0.27**). Conclusions. Resistance to leaf or yellow rust has been successfully transferred from all sources involved in hybridization, but to stem rust – mainly from the sample, containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and T. timopheevii in pedigree. When determining the drought resistance of the material, it is necessary to take into account not only the drought resistance index, but also its yield in favorable environments. The parameters of protein yield and absolute protein content in 1000 kernels should be used for the selection of promising breeding lines. The perspective lines with group disease resistance, high values of WTK, protein content, yield and drought resistance have been selected. Lines with leaf pubescence from T. timopheevii were characterized by low productivity.

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Avksentiieva, Olga, e Nataliia Taran. "DROUGHT RESISTANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT AND SOYBEAN ISOGENIC LINES WITH DIFFERENT PHOTOPERIODIC SENSITIVITY". EUREKA: Life Sciences 5 (30 de setembro de 2016): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2016.00226.

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The results of the study of drought tolerance of isogenic (NILs – near isogenic lines) by genes PPD (photoperiod) wheat lines and isogenic by genes ЕЕ (early maturation) soybean lines, that control the photoperiodic sensitivity are presented. In field experiments the photoperiodic sensitivity of the lines when grown under natural long days (16 hours at a latitude of Kharkov) and under artificial short-day (9 hours) is determined. The results showed that line PРD-D1A and PPD-A1a wheat and soybean lines L 71-920 had a weak photoperiodic sensitivity (weak PPDS) and line PPD-B1a wheat and soybean lines L 71-920 - strong photoperiodic sensitivity (strong PPDS). Wheat and soybean lines with weak PPDS were more productive. When simulating drought action on seed germination (20% strength mannitol solution - rapid method), it was showed that the seeds of soybean and wheat lines with weak PPDS have a higher germination than seeds of the lines with strong PPDS. When simulating soil drought (30% FMC – field moisture capacity of the soil) under growing experiment, it was revealed that the biomass accumulation indices of plants, leaf relative water content (RWC) and proline content in leaves lines with weak PPDS were higher than in the photoperiodic lines with strong PPDS. So, all used methods for determining drought tolerance showed that the low photoperiodic sensitivity lines are more resistant to drought. It is assumed that wheat genes PPD and soybean genes EE can participate in the formation of resistance to drought. Genotypes with low photoperiodic sensitivity should be used in breeding soybean and wheat drought resistance.

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14

Rusakov, Dmitriy, e Elena Kanash. "Spectral characteristics of leaves diffuse reflection in conditions of soil drought: a study of soft spring wheat cultivars of different drought resistance". Plant, Soil and Environment 68, No. 3 (16 de março de 2022): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/483/2021-pse.

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Quick and accurate nondestructive methods of water deficiency detection prior to the appearance of visible symptoms of plant deterioration as well as estimation of photosynthesis parameters are needed to effectively control conditions of plant growth, to manage crop productivity and to implement programs of "smart farming". The aim of our investigation was to analyse spectral characteristics of leaves diffuse reflection as evident in soft spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) of different drought resistance in optimal conditions and under the impact of soil drought; another objective was to determine the reflection indices that could serve as criteria in the phenotyping of genotypes according to their photosynthetic apparatus capacity and the efficiency of light use as well as in the forecasting of genotypes potential productivity and their drought resistance. Wheat plants of 4 drought-resistant and 4 non-resistant cultivars were grown under controlled conditions in the protected ground. In the vessels with simulated soil drought, the moisture content was 30% of total field capacity, while in the control sample it was 80%. Spectral characteristics of radiation reflected from the leaf surface were recorded with the spectrometer HR2000, and then reflection indices were calculated whose value is closely related to the activeness of the photosynthetic apparatus. The experiments conducted showed that in the system of interaction between the soil, the plant and the effective layer of the atmosphere all analysed diffuse reflection indices changed with the emergence of water deficit. The index of photosynthetic apparatus capacity (ChlRI) is less susceptible to short-term soil drought than the indices of the efficiency of light use in the process of photosynthesis (R<sub>800</sub>, photochemical reflection index (PRI<sub>mod</sub>) and flavonoid index (FRI<sub>mod</sub>)) which change significantly, so that the degree of their change may be a reliable enough indicator of plant stress caused by water deficiency. It is advisable, however, when estimating and comparing the reaction of various plant cultivars, lines and new forms to the developed water deficiency, to include in the array of plants examined those cultivars whose optical properties and the range of their variation resulting from water deficit are known. This will ensure a more reliable ranking of analysed genotypes according to their drought resistance and will enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis.

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DHANDA, S. S., e G. S. SETHI. "Tolerance to drought stress among selected Indian wheat cultivars". Journal of Agricultural Science 139, n.º 3 (novembro de 2002): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002526.

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Experiments were designed to examine differences in some morpho-physiological characters among wheat genotypes in response to drought stress at anthesis and maturity and to determine the relationships between these characters. In three sets of experiments, one set was evaluated under well-irrigated conditions and two sets under drought stress conditions by developing terminal drought stress at anthesis in one set and at maturity in the other, for 2 years. Genotypes differed in their response at both stages of plant growth for grain yield, days to heading, excised-leaf water loss, leaf membrane stability and relative water content under drought stress. Under irrigated conditions differences in the genotypes for water retention traits were not clear. There were significant genotype×environment interactions. Terminal drought stress resulted in reduced mean values and variability for all characters. The varieties WH 147 and WH 147(U) showed a combination of drought resistance, water retention and high grain yield, whereas C 306, Kharchia 65 and Hindi 62 showed a lower percentage injury in plasma membrane and better water retention in the leaves. Drought resistance index was associated with other characters.

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WEI, Yun-Zong. "Types of drought resistance of wheat at seedling stage". CHINESE JOURNAL OF ECO-AGRICULTURE 16, n.º 6 (2 de março de 2009): 1409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1011.2008.01409.

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Schonfeld, Manette A., Richard C. Johnson, Brett F. Carver e Dolores W. Mornhinweg. "Water Relations in Winter Wheat as Drought Resistance Indicators". Crop Science 28, n.º 3 (maio de 1988): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1988.0011183x002800030021x.

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eena, Rav, Richa Bharti e Neelam Chaudhary. "Drought Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): A Review". International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, n.º 09 (10 de setembro de 2019): 1780–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.809.206.

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Bychkova, O. V., e L. P. Khlebova. "PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF DROUGHT RESISTANCE IN SPRING DURUM WHEAT". Acta Biologica Sibirica 1, n.º 1-2 (3 de outubro de 2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/abs.v1i1-2.853.

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Zinatullina, A. E. "ON THE QUESTION ABOUT THE COMPLEX EVALUATION OF WHEAT DROUGHT RESISTANCE IN FIELD AND LABORATORY CONDITIONS". ÈKOBIOTEH 5, n.º 3 (2022): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31163/2618-964x-2022-5-3-108-117.

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The laboratory evaluation of drought resistance of a number of genotypes of spring soft wheat, previously assessed as drought-resistant and non-drought-resistant in the field conditions, was carried out. On the basis of morphological, histological and quantitative indicators of grains and seedlings under the influence of a drought immitant – polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 6000 (PEG 6000), the 14 % sublethal concentration, it was found that the results of field and laboratory evaluations on the basis of drought resistance coincide in the studied genotypes. Such a principle coincidence confirms the opinion expressed by a number of authors about the possibility of conducting a phased comprehensive assessment of the drought resistance of wheat breeding samples: first in the laboratory (accelerated diagnosis), and then in the field (confirmation/refutation of diagnostic data) conditions.

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Simova-Stoilova, L., K. Demirevska, T. Petrova, N. Tsenov e U. Feller. "Antioxidative protection in wheat varieties under severe recoverable drought at seedling stag". Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 12 (15 de dezembro de 2008): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/427-pse.

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The antioxidative protection in leaves of four winter wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum </I>L.) varieties with different field drought resistance was studied under severe recoverable soil drought at seedling stage by withholding irrigation for 7 days (57–59% leaf water deficit) followed by rewatering. A 3-fold raise in electrolyte leakage and a sharp increase in proline accumulation corresponded to drought severity. Hydrogen peroxide content and catalase (CAT) activity were maintained low under stress. Peroxidase (GPX) activity increased, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity only slightly changed. The content of ascorbate and low-molecular thiols diminished under severe drought and was restored in recovery. Malondialdehyde level was not changed significantly in drought-treated plants but raised after re-watering. In recovery CAT activity became significantly higher whereas GPX activity diminished. Three isoforms of SOD, one of catalase and three of GPX were revealed. Proline accumulation had a predominant role in drought response. As for varieties, drought sensitivity or tolerance was not necessarily correlated with differences in the antioxidative response at early vegetative stage.

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Malchikov, P. N., M. G. Myasnikova e T. V. Chukheeva. "The spring durum wheat variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Yubileinaya’". Grain Economy of Russia, n.º 5 (28 de outubro de 2021): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2021-77-5-41-45.

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The Middle Volga region is traditionally a production region of high-quality durum wheat. For sustainable grain crop production, a system of durum wheat varieties’ breeding is being developed here. For its diversification there has been developed the new variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Yubileinaya’. The breeding process from hybridization of the variety to its study in the competitive variety testing was carried out in the experimental plots of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture. The competitive variety testing was carried out in parallel at the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology. There was conducted the ecological and geographical study in the KASIB system for 2 years (in 2017 and 2018) in 9 eco-points of various institutions in Russia and Kazakhstan. During the period of the variety development (2004–2020) there were spring and summer droughts, one being very strong and 6 being strong, 2 being strong spring and one strong summer droughts, one moderate spring-summer and one moderate spring drought. In the same period, there was an epiphytotics of various pathogens for 5 years. When studied in the competitive variety testing, there were severe spring-summer droughts in 2016, 2018, 2019; there was an epiphytotics of leaf blotches (fusarium, pyrenophorosis) and stem rust in 2016. The years 2017 and 2020 were favorable for the grain yield formation. The realized productivity of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Yubileinaya’ was 6.04 t/ha at FSBSI FANTSA (Altai Research Institute of Agriculture) in 2018. In the competitive variety testing of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture, the new variety productivity exceeded that of the standard one on 0.25 t/ha for 5 years. According to drought resistance, resistance to leaf rust, the variety had an advantage over the standard one. The variety is resistant (R/MR type of resistance) to leaf blotches, grain and pasta quality is at the standard level. The purpose of the current work was to describe the methods of development, properties and testing traits of the new variety.

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Havaux, M., e R. Lannoye. "Drought resistance of hard wheat cultivars measured by a rapid chlorophyll fluorescence test". Journal of Agricultural Science 104, n.º 3 (junho de 1985): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600044257.

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SummaryDisks of hard wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) leaves subjected to rapid desiccation over 4 h showed noticeable changes in the shape of the in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves. In drought-sensitive varieties (such as Claridoc), water stress resulted in a strong inhibition of the slow fluorescence induction transients. In particular, the fluorescence quenching rate was markedly decreased in water-stressed leaf disks. In contrast, leaves of drought-resistant varieties (such as Aouedj) showed only minor changes in chlorophyll fluorescence. The results of this investigation suggest that the slow transient of the in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence induction phenomenon may provide a simple method for selecting drought-tolerant wheats.

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Bold, Odgerel, R. Jana Jeevan, Yong Pyo Lim e Enkhchimeg Vanjildorj. "DIFFERATATION OF WHEAT WRKY TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TaWRKY10 GENE EXPRESSION IN ABIOTIC STRESS RESISTANCE". Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 13, n.º 2 (22 de junho de 2015): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v13i2.533.

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Drought, cold and salinity are the primary factors limiting wheat production. It has been shown that a wheat stress-responsive WRKY transcription factor encoded by the wheat WRKY10 gene plays an important role in drought, cold and salinty stress tolerance. The aim of the current study was to WRKY10 gene expression in drought, cold and salinity up-regulated in six varieties of Mongolian local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), to select the stress tolerant best variety for breeding program. Plants expressing TaWRKY10 was up-regulated 48 hours stress by treatment with polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), 200 mM NaCl and 40C cold. Results of RT-PCR indicate that the all varieties show the gene expression level. Furthermore, reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions revealed that the expressions of WRKY 10 genes involved in abiotic stress signaling of six wheat varieties. These results indicated highest expression level of the WRKY10 in Darkhan-131 and lowest expression in Darkhan-34. And our study provided a promising approach to improve the tolerances of wheat cultivars to drought and salinity varieties of selection materials.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 136-140

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SHAHRIARI, Zolfaghar, Mohammad Taghi ASSAD e Hosein Shahsavand HASANI. "Drought Resistance and Mitotic Instability of Tritipyrum Compared with Triticale and Bread Wheat". Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 40, n.º 1 (14 de maio de 2012): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4017564.

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This study presents the first data on the drought resistance pattern of seven new synthetic 6x primary Tritipyrum amphiploid linesand evaluates their mitotic instability. The primary Tritipyrum lines were crossed with Iranian 6x bread wheat â€˜Navidâ€™ cultivar and theirF1 and F2 progenies were obtained. Two experiments with complete randomized design were conducted under optimum and limitedwater conditions to evaluate Tritipyrum-derived genotypes for drought resistance in greenhouse. Under optimum water conditions,grain yield, numbers of grains per spike and harvest index of Tritipyrum-derived genotypes were significantly lower than bread wheat;however the differences were not significant under limited water conditions. These results showed the better responses of Tritipyrumderivedgenotypes to drought conditions. Evaluation of leaf osmotic and water potentials and drought susceptibility index showedthat drought resistance of Tritipyrum and F1 genotypes was significantly higher than that of bread wheat and Triticale. Cytologicalinvestigations showed that Tritipyrum-derived genotypes aneuploidy was significantly higher than Triticale and bread wheat (p<0.05).Mitotic instability in light grains (1000-grains weight < 30 gr) was significantly higher than heavy grains (1000-grains weight > 30 gr) inparental and F2 genotypes (p<0.01). Aneuploidy has showed a significant negative correlation with fertility, grain yield and 1000-grainsweight in Tritipyrum genotypes. In general, Tritipyrum may complement the role of bread wheat in arid and semi-arid regions; butfurther breeding research is needed to overcome its mitotic instability.

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Peleg, Zvi, Tzion Fahima e Yehoshua Saranga. "Drought resistance in wild emmer wheat: Physiology, ecology, and genetics". Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 55, n.º 3 (1 de dezembro de 2007): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijps.55.3-4.289.

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Rascio, A., M. C. Cedola, G. Sorrentino, D. Pastore e G. Wittmer. "Pressure-volume curves and drought resistance in two wheat genotypes". Physiologia Plantarum 73, n.º 1 (maio de 1988): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb09202.x.

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Karamanos, Andreas J., Garyfalia Economou, Kyriaki Sotirakoglou, Dionyssia Lyra e Andreas Papastavrou. "Assessing Greek Bread Wheat Landraces for their Drought Resistance Strategies". Crop Science 57, n.º 1 (2 de dezembro de 2016): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2016.06.0524.

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نقوی, محمدرضا, محمد مقدم, محمود تورچی e محمدرضا شکیبا. "Evaluation of Spring Wheat Cultivars Based on Drought Resistance Indices". Journal of Crop Breeding 8, n.º 17 (1 de abril de 2016): 207–192. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.jcb.8.17.207.

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Farooq, M., M. Irfan, T. Aziz, I. Ahmad e S. A. Cheema. "Seed Priming with Ascorbic Acid Improves Drought Resistance of Wheat". Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 199, n.º 1 (23 de maio de 2012): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.2012.00521.x.

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Tayyab, Muhammad, Waqar Islam e Hua Zhang. "Promising role of silicon to enhance drought resistance in wheat". Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 49, n.º 22 (18 de novembro de 2018): 2932–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2018.1547394.

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王, 邵宇. "Study on Drought Resistance Mechanism of Wild Wheat Germplasm Resources". Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences 09, n.º 09 (2019): 731–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjas.2019.99104.

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Li, Haiyang, Qiao Guo, Yuexi Jing, Zhe Liu, Zehao Zheng, Yifan Sun, Quanhong Xue e Hangxian Lai. "Application of Streptomyces pactum Act12 Enhances Drought Resistance in Wheat". Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 39, n.º 1 (16 de maio de 2019): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-09968-z.

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Ellis, J. R., H. J. Larsen e M. G. Boosalis. "Drought resistance of wheat plants inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae". Plant and Soil 86, n.º 3 (outubro de 1985): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02145457.

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Golubova, V. А., e V. L. Gaze. "The study of the water regulation mechanisms in the winter bread wheat varieties under an acute drought". Grain Economy of Russia, n.º 4 (9 de setembro de 2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2021-76-4-3-7.

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Water regime of plants, characteristic of a certain variety, largely determines the resistance of plants to drought. Drought affects, first of all, such indicators as water absorption capacity, water retention capacity, water deficit and changes in total water content in the process of ontogenesis. Studying and taking into account a number of parameters of water regime can significantly increase the reliability of the assessment of plants for drought resistance. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the water regime of the winter bread wheat varieties under an acute drought and to select promising samples for breeding for drought resistance. The objects for the study were 7 winter bread wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The study was carried out on the experimental plot (zasushnik) of the laboratory for plant physiology under an acute drought of 30% PV in 2017–2019. According to the study results, there have been identified the varieties ‘Zhavoronok’, ‘Volnitsa’ and ‘Volny Don’, which were characterized by the largest increase in water-absorbing capacity (from 40.0 to 41.1%); by a minimum increase in water deficit (1.3–2.1%); by the smallest decrease (3.2–3.8%) in the total water content in fibers due to adaptability to water stress conditions in spite of increasing drought. There has been recommended to introduce these samples into the breeding process aimed at developing drought-resistant winter bread wheat varieties.

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Golubova, V., V. Gaze e I. Lobunskaya. "Identification of drought resistance of winter bread wheat varieties and lines by vegetation and laboratory methods". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 937, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2021): 022117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/937/2/022117.

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Abstract The article discusses the impact of severe drought on the growth and development of winter wheat plants. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020. As a starting material, we used 57 samples of winter soft wheat bred by ARC “Donskoy”. The studies were carried out under laboratory and vegetation methods. According to the analysis, it was revealed that the highest values of the index of complex resistance were shown by the samples: intensive type - 1630/17 (282.8 rel.units), 2078/16 (265.1 rel.units), 1990/17 (265, 0 rel.units); semi-intensive type -1727/17 (260.6 rel. units), 2243/17 (258.6 rel. units), 522/16 (252.8 rel. units). The maximum value of the degree of drought resistance of samples of the intensive type was noted for lines 2243/17 (92.4%), 1727/17 (84.9%), and 522/16 (82.6%). Among 36 samples of winter soft wheat of intensive type, high drought resistance was noted in 67% (24 samples) with germination from 71.6 (Univer) to 92.9% (1630/17). High values of heat resistance (I-81-100% of germination) out of 57 studied samples of winter wheat were noted in 56 genotypes, the indicators of which ranged from 85.1% (1181/16) to 98% (Zodiac, 1166/15, 1275/16). The highest grain yield under model drought conditions was noted for winter wheat varieties Zodiac (332.86 g/m2), Premiera (332.48 g/m2) and Podarok Krymu (317.50 g/m2), which is higher than the yield of the Ascet classifier (292.97 g/m2) by 8.0-13.7%..

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Gyanwali, Prashant, e Renuka Khanal. "EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS IN MORPHOLOGY, PHENOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF WHEAT". Plant Physiology and Soil Chemistry 1, n.º 2 (13 de setembro de 2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ppsc.02.2021.45.49.

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The burning issue in the world as of now is global warming. Global warming has been a major threat to agriculture and food security. One of the threats caused by global warming is drought, which is responsible for reduced yield of crops and in some cases severely damage the crops to the point of no production and so it poses a big threat towards food security. By knowing in which system drought affects a plant can be used to develop resistant varieties accordingly. Knowing the effects of drought provides a parameter to judge a plant’s level of resistance towards drought. New drought tolerant varieties can be produced by making crosses between varieties which are less affected by drought and selecting among their progeny.

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Dodig, Dejan, Miroslav Zorić, Vesna Kandić, Dragan Perović e Gordana Šurlan-Momirović. "Comparison of responses to drought stress of 100 wheat accessions and landraces to identify opportunities for improving wheat drought resistance*". Plant Breeding 131, n.º 3 (12 de março de 2012): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2011.01941.x.

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Pavia, Ivo, Luís Rocha, José Moutinho-Pereira, José Lima-Brito e Carlos Correia. "Screening for drought resistance during germination of modern and old Iberian wheat cultivars". Acta Botanica Croatica 78, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2019): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2019-0012.

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Abstract Climate change is expected to reduce water availability in several wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing areas. Drought, during and immediately after sowing can compromise germination, seedling development, and ultimately crop yield. Our study’s objective was to investigate early drought stress resistance and evaluate genetic diversity of four bread wheat cultivars – three modern elite germplasm lines (‘Antequera’, ‘Jordão’ and ‘Roxo’) and an ancient Portuguese cultivar (‘Mestiço’) – at five water potentials, ranging from 0 to –1.5 MPa. Germination was annotated daily during eight days. Dry and fresh weights as well as root and shoot growth were measured. Genetic variability among cultivars was evaluated using start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Overall, when water potential was lowered, germination rate and seedling growth were delayed. Final germination percentages were only affected by the higher stress intensity. This study reinforces the importance of research into ancient wheat cultivars, such as ‘Mestiço’. This cultivar showed the highest genetic difference when compared with the remaining cultivars. ‘Mestiço’ presented the highest coleoptile size, high vigor index values, and the lowest variation in water content due to stress conditions. Therefore, it may be able to germinate in extremly dry soil and be the least affected by drought stress. Still, due to the comparatively reduced yield of older wheat cultivars, stress tolerance should be researched within elite cultivars. Among these, Jordão revealed particularly good germination and early biomass development characteristics across water potentials, presenting a likely choice for future studies under drought stress conditions.

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Blum, A., e Y. Pnuel. "Physiological attributes associated with drought resistance of wheat cultivars in a Mediterranean environment". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, n.º 5 (1990): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9900799.

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Twelve spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were planted in 16 trials which received seasonal rainfall (including irrigation) ranging from 230 to 755 mm year-l. Under low rainfall conditions, drought stress occurred during the period of stem elongation when the ears grew. Grain filling was largely free of stress. Variation in precipitation explained 75% of the variation in mean yield among trials, and the main yield component responsible for yield reduction at low precipitation was ear number, as affected by tiller survival rate. The larger-yielding cultivars sustained a higher kernel number per ear in compensation for the reduced number of ears under stress. The yield stability of cultivars under low precipitation was defined by both the joint linear regression method and by the linear regression of yield on precipitation, both of which gave very similar predictions. The magnitude of the intercept of the latter regression was taken as indicator of drought resistance in terms of yield. The variations among cultivars in this intercept was well explained by corresponding variations in osmotic adjustment, heat tolerance and canopy temperature. Grain filling from stem reserve mobilization was not important in this respect, evidently because grain filling was not subjected to drought stress in these trials. Early-heading cultivars had a relative yield advantage only when precipitation were less than about 300 mm and grain yield was less than about 350 g m-2. Both early heading and heat tolerance were positively correlated with osmotic adjustment across cultivars. It was therefore concluded that the main physiological attribute associated with yield stability under conditions of drought stress during the period of ear growth was the capacity for osmotic adjustment, which apparently allowed sustained ear growth under drought stress.

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Wang, Jiancheng, Yajing Guan, Yang Wang, Liwei Zhu, Qitian Wang, Qijuan Hu e Jin Hu. "Establishing an Efficient Way to Utilize the Drought Resistance Germplasm Population in Wheat". Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/489583.

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Drought resistance breeding provides a hopeful way to improve yield and quality of wheat in arid and semiarid regions. Constructing core collection is an efficient way to evaluate and utilize drought-resistant germplasm resources in wheat. In the present research, 1,683 wheat varieties were divided into five germplasm groups (high resistant, HR; resistant,R; moderate resistant, MR; susceptible,S; and high susceptible, HS). The least distance stepwise sampling (LDSS) method was adopted to select core accessions. Six commonly used genetic distances (Euclidean distance, Euclid; Standardized Euclidean distance, Seuclid; Mahalanobis distance, Mahal; Manhattan distance, Manhat; Cosine distance, Cosine; and Correlation distance, Correlation) were used to assess genetic distances among accessions. Unweighted pair-group average (UPGMA) method was used to perform hierarchical cluster analysis. Coincidence rate of range (CR) and variable rate of coefficient of variation (VR) were adopted to evaluate the representativeness of the core collection. A method for selecting the ideal constructing strategy was suggested in the present research. A wheat core collection for the drought resistance breeding programs was constructed by the strategy selected in the present research. The principal component analysis showed that the genetic diversity was well preserved in that core collection.

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Španić, Valentina, Katarina Šunić, Zvonimir Zdunić e Georg Drezner. "Genetic ability and seedling drought characterization of winter wheat lines in Croatia". Agronomski glasnik 83, n.º 5-6 (22 de julho de 2022): .281–294. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/ag.83.5-6.4.

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Wheat is one of the most common and important cereals in Croatia. Therefore, high selection pressure at wheat breeding program is continually placed on disease, drought and lodging resistance, heading date and end-use quality. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the wheat grain productivity and quality, as well as response of wheat seedlings to drought. Five lines of winter wheat with reference variety Kraljica were used for evaluation of desired traits. In general, investigated wheat lines had such good characters as early maturity, high yield, they were smaller in test weight and protein content, but with higher sedimentation value, dough energy and extensibility, compared to reference variety. Overall, lines Osk.4.330/6-18, Osk.3.530/59-18, Osk.4.354/12-18 out yielded the reference variety with regard to the grain yield. According to the results collected in this research, wheat lines differences in germination energy and seedling growth affected by drought were obtained. All lines could offer farmers tolerance to mild drought during sowing and will achieve high yields. Nevertheless, stability and drought tolerance of investigated winter wheat lines in different environments have to be checked in multi-location trials.

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Ochilov, Zafar A., e Мarina N. Pokrovskaya. "Drought and heat tolerance of bread wheat varieties on rainfe". Agrarian science, n.º 11-12 (20 de janeiro de 2021): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-343-11-60-62.

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Relevance and methods. The article presents the results of studied the drought and heat tolerance of bread wheat varieties on rainfed. The aim of the research is to study new varieties of common wheat obtained from the international scientific center ICARDA with high drought and heat resistance, in dry conditions and selection for further breeding work. The material of our research was 116 varieties of the international scientific center ICARDA of soft wheat. Research was carried out on bogar in the laboratory of selection and seed production of common wheat of the Gallyaral Scientific Experimental Station of the Research Institute of Grain and Leguminous Crops.Results. It selected 6 varieties of high drought and heat tolerance of bread wheat on rainfed.

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Sultan, M. A. R. F., L. Hui, L. J. Yang e Z. H. Xian. "Assessment of drought tolerance of some Triticum L. species through physiological indices". Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 48, No. 4 (31 de outubro de 2012): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/21/2012-cjgpb.

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Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. Its yield is greatly influenced by global climate change and scarcity of water in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world. So, exploration of gene resources is of importance to wheat breeding in order to improve the crop ability of coping with abiotic stress environment. Wild relatives of wheat are rich repositories of beneficial genes that confer tolerance or resistance not only to drought but also to other environmental stresses. In the present study, the changes in leaf relative water content (RWC), free proline content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation of five wild wheat species including T. boeticum (YS-1L), T. dicoccum var. dicoccoides (YS-2L), T. araraticum (ALLT), and two cultivated varieties of T. turgidum ssp. durum (MXLK and 87341), with two well-known common wheat cultivars (SH6 and ZY1) possessing strong drought resistance and sensitiveness, respectively, as references were investigated during 3-day water stress and 2-day recovery, in order to assess the drought tolerance of these wild wheat species. The laboratory experiment was conducted under two water regimes (stress and non-stress treatments). Stress was induced to hydroponically grown two weeks old wheat seedlings with 20% PEG 6000. Stress treatment caused a much smaller decrease in the leaf RWC and rise in MDA content in YS-1L compared to the other wheat species. From the data it was obvious that YS-1L was the most drought tolerant among studied species having significantly higher proline and RWC while lower MDA content under water stress conditions. The order of water stress tolerance of these species according to the three parameters is: YS-1L > YS-2L > SH6 > 87341 > ZY1 > MXLK > ALLT. We speculate that the observed drought stress tolerance at a cellular level was associated with the ability to accumulate proline and high water level conservation.

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ZHAO, Jia-Jia, Ling QIAO, Bang-Bang WU, Chuan GE, Lin-Yi QIAO, Shu-Wei ZHANG, Su-Xian YAN, Xing-Wei ZHENG e Jun ZHENG. "Seedling root characteristics and drought resistance of wheat in Shanxi province". Acta Agronomica Sinica 47, n.º 4 (25 de setembro de 2020): 714–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.01048.

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Amunova, O. S., e L. N. Tiunova. "Genetic diversity of soft spring wheat in resistance to early drought". Agricultural science Euro-North-East 62, n.º 1 (2018): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2018.62.1.32-37.

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Qiu, Zong-Bo, Xiao Liu, Xiang-Jun Tian e Ming Yue. "Effects of CO2 laser pretreatment on drought stress resistance in wheat". Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 90, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2008): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.09.014.

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Foulkes, M. J., R. Sylvester-Bradley, R. Weightman e J. W. Snape. "Identifying physiological traits associated with improved drought resistance in winter wheat". Field Crops Research 103, n.º 1 (julho de 2007): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2007.04.007.

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WU, Xian-Shan. "Dynamics of Drought Resistance Based on Drought Stress Coefficient Derived from Plant Height in Wheat Development". ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 34, n.º 11 (17 de fevereiro de 2009): 2010–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2008.02010.

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PELEG, ZVI, TZION FAHIMA, TAMAR KRUGMAN, SHAHAL ABBO, DAN YAKIR, ABRAHAM B. KOROL e YEHOSHUA SARANGA. "Genomic dissection of drought resistance in durum wheat × wild emmer wheat recombinant inbreed line population". Plant, Cell & Environment 32, n.º 7 (julho de 2009): 758–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01956.x.

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