Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Wellbeing.
Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Wellbeing"
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores trabalhos (teses / dissertações) para estudos sobre o assunto "Wellbeing".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja as teses / dissertações das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Russell, Catherine Georgina. "Soy and wellbeing /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09HS/09hsr961.pdf.
Texto completo da fonte
2
Birkett, J. "Post-trafficking wellbeing". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17756/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Previous research suggests that human trafficking (HT) can have multiple adverse effects, which can then interact with post-trafficking environmental factors to further impact wellbeing. A version of participatory action research (PAR) was employed to explore how a community arts project was experienced and ways it supported psychological wellbeing post-trafficking. A total of eleven participants took part including ten women who had experienced HT and one project organiser. Data collection involved six participants. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. Five themes were developed, exploring challenges and restorative influences to wellbeing including: disconnection and connection to others; disorientation and becoming orientated to the local community; feelings of worthlessness and developing self-worth; fear and the development of trust; and low mood and the helpfulness of engaging in activities. Findings suggested that the project helped individuals experience belonging, build trust and use the group as a "secure base", which supported post-trafficking wellbeing. The role of art as metaphor and a vehicle for agency is also discussed. Clinical and research implications and limitations are also considered.
3
Clatworthy, J. "Gardening and wellbeing". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/11182/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Section A is a literature review, exploring the psychological theories behind gardening-based mental health interventions and providing an overview of the current evidence to support their use. It builds on the last comprehensive review conducted in 2003, finding that the evidence-base has developed considerably over the past decade but that there is still a need for higher quality research in this field. Section B considers the value of gardening in promoting wellbeing in a non-clinical sample. A qualitative study is presented in which six suburban allotment-holders completed in-depth interviews about their allotment gardening and its perceived impact on their wellbeing. Transcripts were subjected to Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Seven main themes emerged from the data: fundamental importance of food, protection and safety, feeling connected, esteem, pleasure of being in nature, development and values. Parallels were drawn between these themes and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. While each participant talked to some extent about all of the themes, a different theme was dominant for each individual, suggesting that allotments are flexible environments that may enable people to meet their individual needs, in order to enhance wellbeing. Implications for clinical and community psychology are discussed.
4
Crabbe, Rachel Victoria. "Relationships and wellbeing". Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10484.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The thesis portfolio is divided into three parts: Part one is a systematic literature review, in which quantitative literature considering the role of relational connectedness in the recovery process for people with mental health difficulties is reviewed. A systematic search of five databases identified twelve studies in the area. A narrative synthesis of the findings is provided. Methodological quality of the area, as well as implications and directions for future research are discussed. Part two is an empirical paper which explores relational connections among care leavers. This study has an idiographic focus using semi structured interviews and employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Nine care leavers took part in the study. Five super-ordinate and eighteen subordinate themes emerged from the data. These themes are discussed in the context of relational aspects of wellbeing, self-identity, emotional coping and barriers to help-seeking. Part three comprises the appendices supporting the systematic literature review and empirical papers. It also contains a reflective statement.
5
Vince, Adrienne. "Wellbeing in dementia". Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:14401.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The portfolio thesis is divided into three parts: Part one is a systematic literature review exploring the relationship between self and staff-proxy assessments of quality of life in dementia. The review aimed to provide an exploration into the relationship between ratings made between self and staff-proxy rating as well as the factors that may explain or predict any differences between ratings. A systematic search of four databases identified 12 relevant studies. The findings of the studies are analysed using narrative synthesis and forest plots. Results are discussed in relation to clinical practices and research. Part two is an empirical paper that explores the subjective understandings and lived experiences of Old Age Psychiatrists in relation to positive wellbeing in dementia. Qualitative data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Eleven psychiatrists from three NHS Trusts participated in the research. Three super-ordinate themes and nine sub-ordinate themes emerged from the data. These themes are discussed in relation to the wider literature base. Part three comprises the appendices supporting the systematic literature review and empirical paper. It also includes a reflective statement of the primary researcher’s experiences of the research process.
6
Garforth, Lisa. "Supporting wellbeing in school". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3095.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Resilience research suggests that supportive school environments can positively impact on the ecological systems within which children and young people develop, with a particular focus on their wellbeing. Taking this idea to a broader, systemic perspective, literature also suggests for children and young people to enhance feelings of wellbeing, it is extremely important that staff working within our schools are supported in meeting their own basic needs. Self Determination Theory (SDT) emphasises the importance of satisfying three basic psychological needs for life long psychological growth and wellbeing: Autonomy, Relatedness and Competence. The ideas presented within these three papers are relevant in today’s society where the level of wellbeing experienced by individuals can impact on staff attrition rates within our schools, as well as academic success and positive life opportunities for children and young people. Chapter 1 – The Systematic Review focuses on the impact of non-parental mentors used within schools in building resilience and enhancing feelings of wellbeing for children and young people. A quantitative approach was taken to synthesise the findings from six papers. The papers suggest those who demonstrated greater gains in terms of their resilience related outcomes had positively connected relationships with their mentors. However, outcome measures used within these papers varied greatly. Chapter 2 – The Bridging Document describes the journey from the systematic review to the empirical research. My ontological and epistemological positions are considered in relation to how they shaped my methodology and chosen methods. The importance of ethical practice, including being a reflexive practitioner is also described within this chapter. Chapter 3 – The Empirical Research follows on from the systematic review which highlighted a gap in applying one theoretical perspective to an understanding of wellbeing within schools. It indicated the wellbeing of children and young people can be influenced by the wellbeing of those who care for them. Five participants from two schools, took part in reflective discussions with a partner, over a six week period, before in depth reflective interviews were conducted. A theory driven analysis was applied to identify how the psychological needs suggested within SDT might be met through reflective discussion with a relatively close and connected partner; their associated feelings of wellbeing were also explored. Findings suggest that reflective discussions with a focus on the exploration of psychological needs, detailed within SDT, can support positive feelings of wellbeing among school staff. Implications for how this might be used in school, in addition to the role for Educational Psychology are explored. As this was conducted on a small scale, it highlighted the importance of conducting similar research with a wider range of staff in schools to allow generalisations to be made.
7
Birks, David. "Wellbeing, reasons, and paternalism". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/wellbeing-reasons-and-paternalism(921c622e-cf37-4d34-8dd1-3a08a390f463).html.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This thesis addresses the question, when should we administer compulsory medical treatment? According to most contemporary liberal philosophers, if a person is making an autonomous choice not to have medical treatment, it would always be wrong to administer compulsory medical treatment. This thesis denies this view. It argues that there are a number of cases in which we should administer compulsory medical treatment, even if the person chooses, under ideal conditions, not to have medical treatment. The thesis tackles this issue by analyzing the nature of wellbeing, the value of autonomy, and the wrongness of paternalism. The thesis employs reasons as the basic normative unit, and argues that we should administer compulsory medical treatment if, and only if, (1) there is reason to administer compulsory medical treatment; and (2) there are no reasons not to administer compulsory medical treatment that defeat the reason to administer compulsory medical treatment. This provides the structure for the thesis, which is divided into two parts. The first part establishes that there is a reason to promote the value of wellbeing, and that from this it follows that, in many cases, there is a significant reason to administer compulsory medical treatment. The second part of the thesis examines and refutes a number of arguments that claim to provide reasons not to administer compulsory treatment, such as the argument that compulsory medical treatment is paternalistic. It concludes by briefly examining the practical implications of the arguments of the thesis.
8
Duff, Alexa. "Wellbeing in working mothers". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2017. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/16454/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Background: Becoming a mother is a period of transition for women and during this period many of them return to work. Aims: The aim of the study was to explore psychological distress when returning to work after maternity leave. Variables such as work-family conflict, work-family balance, social support and income and their relationship to psychological distress during this period were explored. Method: 195 women completed an online questionnaire, with demographic questions as well as measures assessing psychological distress, work-family-conflict, work-family-balance and social support. Correlations, t-tests, mediation and moderation analyses were used to explore the results. Results: Psychological distress was not found to be elevated in mothers returning to work after maternity leave. However, they did have high levels of work-family-conflict and work-family-balance. Social support acted as a mediator of the relationship between work-family-conflict and work-family-balance and psychological distress.
9
McWhirter, Joanne. "The self and wellbeing". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695680.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Includes a systematic review of the assessment of mental health in looked after children; identifying the psychometric tools used to assess this and the appropriateness of their use in this population based on their psychometric properties and clinical utilities. Seventeen tools were identified with the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCl) the most widely used psychometric tool followed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Despite this, of the tools identified, only the Assessment Checklist for Children (ACC) was developed for a looked after child population with comparable norms. Recent research on the use of the Behaviour Assessment Checklist for Children- 2 (BASC-2) on its use in this population is promising, highlighting, along with the SDQ, the need for adjustment in the interpretation of scores for this population. The limitations of the use of psychometric tools in the assessment and/or screening of mental health in this population are discussed as are the limitations of this systematic review and need for further research. The research paper included considers the relationship between self-concept clarity, perceived social support and models of self and others in the context of attachment and the ability of these variables to predict psychological well-being in adulthood. Results showed positive relationships between variables, however, only self-concept clarity and perceived social support were predictive of psychological wellbeing F (4,130) =53.98, p<.001. The impact of disruption in living environment in childhood on self-concept clarity was also considered but it did not show significant differences, however, limitations are discussed. Opportunities for further research and clinical implications are also discussed.
10
Summers, Elisabeth. "Psychological practitioner workplace wellbeing". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/114995/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There is extensive research detailing the strong link between healthcare professional wellbeing and the delivery of dignified, safe patient care. While a career as a psychological practitioner is often perceived as fulfilling, it is thought to also generate professional and personal strains which may impact on wellbeing. Paper 1 presents a systematic review examining the prevalence of burnout among practitioner psychologists and the relationship between burnout and specific personal demographic and work-related variables: age, years in service, working hours, gender and work setting. This yielded eight studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed and data was extracted. Due to inconsistencies with defining and assessing burnout, the overall prevalence of burnout in this population could not be validly determined. However, findings suggest that younger, less experienced individuals and those working longer hours appear to be at increased risk of burnout and/or associated dimensions. Paper 2 presents the development and validation of a new measure to assess psychological practitioner workplace wellbeing. The measure was developed in five stages, followed by an examination of the psychometric properties of the measure utilising a sample of 400 psychological practitioners. The measure was shown to have high internal consistency, high test-retest reliability and high construct validity. Exploratory factor analysis produced a set of six factors explaining 62.1% of the variance in the measure. Results indicate the measure has favourable psychometric properties for the effective assessment of the workplace wellbeing of psychological practitioners. Paper 3 presents a critical appraisal of the research process. This paper includes a reflection on the methodologies used and conclusions drawn, implications of the findings and suggestions for future research. Aspects of personal and professional competency development are also considered.
11
Blight, Michael. "Wellbeing and Social Housing". Thesis, University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22867.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This thesis considers whether it may be possible to provide more cost-effective social housing dwellings that generate the same level of wellbeing for tenants. The concept of wellbeing is explored as a way of measuring social housing outcomes. This is done by examining the relationship between social housing, beyond a basic, adequate standard, and the objective wellbeing of tenants. An SF-12 survey is used to measure wellbeing. This is compared to dwelling suitability and satisfaction. The survey found no relationship between tenants’ wellbeing scores, their satisfaction with their dwellings, or the attributes of the dwellings. This suggests that there is no evidence that providing social housing tenants new or improved dwellings, will improve their wellbeing. Nor is there evidence that tenants living in differing locations within a city have differing levels of objective wellbeing. Along with wellbeing, consideration has also been given to other methods for assessing the economic benefit that tenants may get from social housing dwellings. This has been done by looking at utility functions and how they might be used in deriving the appropriate economic benefit or ‘utility rent’, that tenants get from social housing dwellings. The study suggests that there is little evidence that the social housing provided to tenants is a cost-effective way to help them. The utility rent and wellbeing measure are assessed for use in a social housing cost benefit analysis framework. This leads to the development of a methodology for evaluating social housing policy outcomes and recommendations for further research.
12
Nanwani, Shalini Suresh. "Environmental tobacco smoke and wellbeing". Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971209.
Texto completo da fonte
13
Viñas, Bardolet Clara. "Work, knowledge and subjective wellbeing". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671006.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Aquesta tesi examina com les característiques de la feina afecten la satisfacció dels individus. Més concretament, intenta donar resposta a la pregunta: Com afecta la feina i les característiques actuals de la feina associades a la intensificació de l'ús de les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) la satisfacció laboral i la satisfacció amb la vida a Europa? Les conclusions d'aquesta tesi proporcionen informació que és rellevant no només per al món acadèmic, sinó també per a les organitzacions d'empreses, per a la gestió dels recursos humans i per a responsables polítics. En primer lloc, la tesi constata la importància de distingir els tipus de treballadors pel que fa al benestar. En segon lloc, els resultats mostren que els ingressos tenen un paper relativament petit en tots els àmbits de satisfacció i que els factors més importants, i els que s'haurien de preveure als contractes laborals, són més aviat els relacionats amb les condicions laborals i l'organització de la feina. En tercer lloc, els efectes de les TIC són que moderen el paper dels determinants de la satisfacció laboral. Finalment, la tesi mostra que les característiques de la vida laboral afecten la satisfacció amb la majoria dels dominis de la vida.This thesis examines how work characteristics affect life satisfaction. Specifically addressing the following question: How do jobs and current work characteristics associated with the increased use of ICTs affect job satisfaction and life satisfaction in Europe? The findings of this thesis provide insights that are relevant not only for academia, but also for company organizations, human resources management and policy makers. First, this thesis notes the importance of distinguishing by type of workers concerning wellbeing. Second, the findings show that income plays a relatively small role in all domains of satisfaction. Rather, factors related to working conditions and work organization should be incorporated in job contracts. Third, the effects of ICT are that they moderate the role of the determinants of job satisfaction. Finally, the thesis shows that working life characteristics affect satisfaction with most domains of life. For example, the increasing insecurity in the job market and the challenges experienced by EU workers in achieving a good work-life balance correlate negatively with satisfaction in every domain of life.
Esta tesis examina como las características del trabajo afectan a la satisfacción de los individuos. Más concretamente, intenta dar respuesta a la pregunta ¿Cómo afecta el trabajo y las características actuales del trabajo asociadas con la intensificación del uso de las TIC la satisfacción laboral y la satisfacción con la vida en Europa? Las conclusiones de esta tesis proporcionan información que es relevante no solo para el mundo académico, sino también para las organizaciones de empresas, para la gestión de los recursos humanos y para responsables políticos. En primer lugar, la tesis constata la importancia de distinguir el tipo de trabajadores en cuanto al bienestar. En segundo lugar, los resultados muestran que los ingresos tienen un papel relativamente pequeño en todos los ámbitos de satisfacción y que los factores más importantes, y los que deberían contemplarse en los contratos de trabajo, son los relacionados con las condiciones laborales y la organización del trabajo. En tercer lugar, los efectos de las TIC son que moderan el papel de los determinantes de la satisfacción laboral. Finalmente, la tesis muestra que las características de la vida laboral afectan la satisfacción con la mayoría de los dominios de la vida.
14
Bergin, Melissa. "Community wellbeing in retirement villages /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19182.pdf.
Texto completo da fonte
15
Butler, Lucy. "Caregiver wellbeing in psychosis services". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15029/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The study aimed to examine the relationship between wellbeing, burden, distress and third-wave factors, including self-compassion and psychological flexibility, in caregivers of people with psychosis. The study secondly aimed to trial a new brief group intervention, combining Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Compassion-focused Therapy (CFT) for this population. Twenty-nine participants were assessed at baseline on primary measures of wellbeing, distress, psychological flexibility and self-compassion. Secondary factors including burden and mindfulness were also collected. Correlation analyses were used. Fourteen participants completed the group in intervention and follow-up measures, and pre-post investigations were employed. Lower levels of psychological flexibility and self-compassion were related to lower levels of wellbeing and higher levels of burden and distress. There was a potential mediating effect of psychological flexibility on the relationship between self-compassion and wellbeing. The group intervention was acceptable to caregivers, and there were significant positive changes in self-compassion, distress, burden and mindfulness. The study adds to the existing data regarding wellbeing and burden in caregivers of people with psychosis. This study provides new insights into the factors of self-compassion and psychological flexibility within this population. The ACT with Compassion intervention is a promising, brief intervention which would benefit from further application and evaluation.
16
Waters, Elizabeth. "Measuring child health and wellbeing". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270153.
Texto completo da fonte
17
James, Chris W. "The psychological wellbeing of students". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589526.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There is evidence to suggest that the numbers of students presenting to higher education counselling services with mental health problems are increasing. However, relatively few students disclose having mental health problems when applying to higher education institutions. This systematic review explores the recent research examining the relationship between stigma, help-seeking and mental health issues among students. Demographic factors, sample characteristics, the relationship between stigma and help- seeking and how these constructs are measured were examined. A number of methodological issues are raised. Despite these limitations, evidence suggests there is a significant relationship between stigma and help-seeking, across a variety of student groups and cultures. Overall, evidence shows that students perceiving greater stigma in relation to seeking help for psychological problems are less likely to hold favourable attitudes or intentions towards help-seeking. However, the relationship between perceived stigma and help-seeking behaviour is less clear. The empirical study aimed to examine differences between a student sample and the general population on measures of anxiety, depression and disordered eating, explore gender differences among students, and determine the extent to which perfectionism, mood intolerance, interpersonal difficulties and low self-esteem were associated with disordered eating among students. Overall, students reported greater anxiety than the general population, though did not differ on scores of depression or disordered eating, whilst female students scored significantly higher on measures of disordered eating than males. Hierarchical regression results indicated that perfectionism, mood intolerance, interpersonal difficulties and low self-esteem accounted for a significant amount of the variance in disordered eating for both female and male students. Perfectionism was identified as the weakest predictor, contributing little to the overall model, whilst mood intolerance was found to be the strongest unique predictor of disordered eating. A number of relative strengths and limitations of the current study are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.
18
Cook, Christopher Charles Holla. "The Philokalia and mental wellbeing". Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/175/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The Philokalia is an anthology of texts which are concerned with finding God within the human soul. It is founded upon a philosophical tradition which draws upon Plato, Aristotle and the Stoics, and a Christian tradition which, beginning with the New Testament authors, continued through Clement, Origen and the early patristic authors, and found its first flourishing in the Desert Fathers. In particular it draws upon the psychological insights of Evagrios of Pontus concerning the “eight thoughts” or passions. The concept of the passions represents a sophisticated phenomenology of the inner life which explains why people fail to adhere to the virtues that they espouse and make judgements which do not withstand the light of reason. It thus provides fertile theological ground for exploring the process of temptation. An understanding of the role of demons in provoking the passions maintains the tension necessary to recognise both external influence and inner motivation; both the way in which human beings are acted upon, and also the way in which they must accept personal responsibility. The passions are both an aspect of the human soul, but also something external which influences from without. They are the focus of an inner struggle against an enemy that threatens to destroy and enslave. The passions are “hostile pleasures”. In a dynamic process, which invites comparison with the phenomenon of addiction, they both confer pleasure and pain, they attract and enslave, they seduce and destroy. The Philokalia was compiled as a “guide to the practice of the contemplative life”. The radical remedies that it sought to provide for the passions were each included with a view to the fundamental vision of prayer which made radical sacrifice worthwhile. They are not cures which will simply make the problem go away, but they offer a way of life which may subdue and overcome the passions in pursuit of a theological vision of human well-being. They include a practical life of ascetic discipline, watchfulness, psalmody, and prayer. According to the Philokalia, to be a flourishing human being is to participate as fully as human beings may in the life of God in Christ. To this end, it is concerned primarily with the flourishing or well-being of the inner life of human beings. However, this is an inner life of a different kind than contemporary discourse acknowledges. Although the Philokalia exercises a kind of reflexivity, it is not the radical reflexivity that Taylor traces back to Augustine. Although it offers an objectification of (what we would call) emotions, desires and feelings, it is not Taylor’s Cartesian disengagement. Perhaps most importantly, the expressivism that gives us positive cause to articulate our own unique understanding of the voice of nature within us is completely inverted in the world of the Philokalia, which is much more concerned with our awareness of the negativity of the passions within and reaching out to the “measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ” beyond. But this is only to acknowledge its situation within an anthropology formed by Platonic philosophy and Christian theology in relative isolation from many of the trends that Taylor identifies. The Philokalia is nonetheless concerned with a radical vision of the inner life which shows as much perceptiveness of the subtleties, deceptions, intricacies and aspirations of human thoughts as anything that has come after it. The Philokalia offers a kind of psychotherapy, but it has a vision of a radically different kind of therapy than contemporary psychologies acknowledge. The Philokalia insists on discussing everything in primarily theological terms. The effect of this is not simply to broaden the discussion in such a way that God must be included, but rather it offers an invitation to encounter God in prayer. It then understands the inner world of thoughts and feelings as something that must be discussed if a conversation about prayer is to begin. Rather than being a manual for psychotherapy, the Philokalia invites us to pray. In order that we progress in prayer, it advises that we will need to talk about things which are now more usually considered the domain of psychotherapy. Whereas Freud’s patient, Anna O, saw the treatment that she was offered as a “talking cure”, the Philokalia offers a “praying cure”. The Philokalia demonstrates that thoughts are powerful. They have the capacity to enslave and control, to deceive, to blind, to make sick and to kill. But they also have the capacity to set free, to empower, to illuminate, to heal and to bring life. Thoughts have the power to deny prayer, and to enable prayer, to obscure God and to reveal God. How may the Philokalia be interpreted for a post-Cartesian, post-Kantian philosophical age where dualism is frowned upon and the nature of the subjective self is no longer universally agreed upon? The language of inwardness is common to psychotherapy and the Philokalia, even if they have different emphases and interpretations to offer. Both worlds of discourse recognise that the psyche is in need of a cure, even if they have different anthropologies, diagnoses and prescriptions to offer. The Philokalia offers a non-dualistic way of discussing the inner life. Although it is pre-Kantian in its suppositions, its effectively “phenomenological” approach to the self works surprisingly well in a post-Kantian world. The kind of “pure prayer” towards which the Philokalia leads its reader requires that prayers be purified of thoughts that are not true, and it is not possible to identify which thoughts these are without some kind of hermeneutical process by means of which to interpret their true meaning. Equally, to pray truly requires that a true interpretation of thoughts be made, in order that these thoughts may be offered to God in prayer. Eventually, however, thoughts in any ordinary human sense become inadequate for prayer, just as all human language is inadequate to express the superabundant excess of meaning that is God. The Philokalia offers a therapeutic programme aimed at finding God in prayer. In order to implement this programme, it is necessary to undergo a kind of psychotherapy. The psychotherapy of the Philokalia is distinctive by virtue of its therapeutic focus on wellbeing understood in terms of prayer and union with God. Ultimately, this therapy leads to a breakdown in boundaries between inwardness and the outer world, between knowledge and unknowing, and between God and self.
19
Kumari, N. "Blood glucose levels and wellbeing". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374804.
Texto completo da fonte
20
Roberts, Anna. "Forest schools and mental wellbeing". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2017. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/16363/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There has been growing interest in forest school’s utility as an intervention for building social skills, self-confidence and self-esteem. Given the diverse array of research regarding the benefits of nature contact and that the effects of forest school are under-researched, the present research investigated the relationship between forest school participation, wellbeing, resilience and nature connectedness. A mixed methods crossover design, involving 130 participants, was employed with measures of wellbeing, resilience and connectedness to nature administered pre- and post-forest school. Qualitative data was also collected. Results indicated significant improvements over time for resilience scores following forest school. Gender effects were found, with male participants showing significant improvements in their levels of wellbeing, resilience and connectedness to nature. Early environmental experiences, resilience and connectedness to nature were found to predict mental wellbeing. The findings provide initial evidence for the potential of forest school in providing beneficial outcomes for resiliency in young people.
21
Hinshaw, Tessa. "Community arts and child wellbeing". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2014. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12810/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There is growing evidence to suggest that group singing in the community can have positive outcomes for physical and psychological wellbeing. To date, research has focused on adult populations. This study aimed to add to existing understanding of the impact group singing can have on children’s psychological wellbeing. A mixed method study was carried out to investigate the impact of a community group singing project on the psychological wellbeing of school children in the London area. Self-rated measures of psychological wellbeing and identity as a singer were administered to 60 children aged 7-11 at three time points. A teacher-rated measure of psychological difficulties was also administered. Finally, a sample of children discussed their experience of the project in focus groups and music teacher interviews were carried out. Quantitative data did not confirm the hypothesis that choir member’s psychological wellbeing would increase following participation in the singing project. Identity as a singer scores were higher for females than males, and correlated with scores of psychological wellbeing. Qualitative data provided evidence for a range of beneficial outcomes for children. Research limitations: The small number of participants recruited for the non-choir control group is a significant limitation of quantitative methods in this study. Originality: Although group singing appears to be a positive experience for children who participate, findings suggest the impact may be more subtle for children with high levels of psychological wellbeing.
22
O'Hare, Sian E. M. "Essays on poverty and wellbeing". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21806.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Although economic growth has brought significant improvements in the standard of living in the UK over recent decades, there are still individuals living in poverty. Furthermore poverty in the UK is expected to rise. Although monetary poverty has wide ranging impacts such as poor health, low educational attainment and employability and reduced life expectancy, it does not (in the form of a poverty line at 60% of the median equivalised household income) appear to have an impact on wellbeing when the threshold was tested. Instead, multidimensional poverty – that purported by the Capabilities Approach – is a more individually relevant measure of poverty. Using a list, developed by Nussbaum, of core capabilities seen as essential for human life, capability measures were taken from the British Household Panel Survey. In analysis, some are found to be significant determinants of wellbeing, individually and in sum. Furthermore, individuals within the dataset experience loss aversion to capabilities. This thesis concludes that poverty measurement should be meaningful at the individual level, and to that aim, the Capabilities Approach provides a richer and more relevant evaluation of what poverty really means.
23
Small, Daniel. "An exploration of teachers' wellbeing". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3397.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Research suggests that teachers are amongst the most vulnerable occupational groups to work related psychological difficulties. Extant literature predominantly focuses on the structural dimensions of teachers’ wellbeing and is commonly associated with stress, burnout and staff retention. The first chapter critically reviews existing research using cognitive-behavioural therapy to support teachers’ wellbeing. Three conclusions were drawn from the systematic review: teacher wellbeing is a problematically defined concept; interventions based on cognitive-behavioural therapy were not effective in supporting teachers’ wellbeing and little emphasis was placed upon the impact of teachers’ environment. The conclusions of the systematic review informed three research questions addressed in the empirical paper using a qualitative methodology, in order to explore teachers’ experience of the phenomena under investigation. Subsequently, the transcripts of five semi-structured interviews with five primary school teachers were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore their wellbeing. Two superordinate themes were produced that encapsulate the teachers’ described experience related to their wellbeing. Due to the research design, this research offers novel findings about the nature of teachers’ wellbeing. It also offers a phenomenological model of teachers’ wellbeing and proposes that organisational and systemic change is required to support the social and emotional needs of school communities and their workforce.
24
Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "Wellbeing: The Five Essential Elements". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7750.
Texto completo da fonte
25
Yuill, Chris. "Alienation, wellbeing & social work". Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687075.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Alienation theory has been underused in research on workplace and wellbeing. This thesis therefore seeks to apply alienation theory to a study of the wellbeing of social workers. The specific objectives were as follows: 1) to identify potential causes of alienation among social workers who are employed in the public sector. 2) to analyse how those alienating experiences condition the wellbeing of those social workers. 3) to critically assess the utility of alienation theory in researching wellbeing in the workplace. A Marxist methodology was deployed in this research, which sought to analyse critical dynamic and dialectic relations between surface phenomena and deeper structural relations inhered within capitalism. This was achieved by subjecting data to a two-step analysis where data was (1) initially analysed in accordance with standard procedures before (2) incorporating the results from that analysis into a dialectical whole which seeks to identify the network of relations that give rise to surface phenomena. Semi-structured interviews with 16 social workers working in a variety of services provide the empirical basis of the research. The study found instances of historically situated alienation among social workers animated by a series of contradictions in their working lives and in their relations with service users. Those alienating experiences impacted on wellbeing in two related ways. First, the social workers experienced frustration and disillusionment at not being able to enact their professional skills in their work due to a lack of autonomy and control in their working lives. Second, the alienating and contradictory experiences accrued over time led to a 'crash point where wellbeing and health were highly compromised. Overall, the main advantages of applying alienation theory was that guided research into workplace wellbeing that reached beyond limited psychological constructs of stress and instead sought to find causal structural relations.
26
Qu, Jingjing. "Self-employment and workplace wellbeing". Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/21806/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
By introducing psychological theories into entrepreneurship research field, this thesis aims to investigate the relationship between self-employment and workplace wellbeing. The thesis consists of three empirical studies, which set out to answer the followingquestions: 1) What are the differences of workplace wellbeing between the self-employed and employees? 2) What factors contribute to workplace wellbeing in both direct and indirect ways? 3) What is the relationship between negative workplace wellbeing and positive wellbeing, 4) How does coping mechanism reduce negative workplace wellbeing and enhance positive wellbeing? Moreover, this thesis also examines the specific issues of self-employment, such as workplace wellbeing of the self-employed under the poverty line and the differences between the self-employed with hiring employees and the self-employed without hiring any employee. This quantitative and comparative thesis has employed the matching approach to overcome selection bias and combined with other statistical methods such as CFA, SEM and moderating hierarchy regression to test the conceptual models empirically. The data used for this research is sourced from the Understanding Society, the largest household panel data in the UK. This thesis found that the self-employed experience higher positive workplace wellbeing than employees. The self-employed with hiring employees experience a significantly higher level of negative workplace wellbeing than employees. However, the self-employed without hiring any employee experience significant lower negative workplace wellbeing. Moreover, this thesis found that job demand and job control contribute to negative workplace wellbeing directly, and the relationship can be partly moderated by social support. In addition, the thesis has tested the relationship between the positive workplace wellbeing and negative workplace wellbeing, which has been verified as negative correlations. Lastly, the results showed self-efficacy is an effective coping factor to reduce negative wellbeing and enhance positive wellbeing.
27
Pan, Yao <1991>. "Wellbeing and ageing in China". Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12888.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Population ageing is a major problem which not only happens in the developed countries but also spreads to the developing countries. China has been suffering from fast ageing since the past several decades because of reducing mortality rate and increasing life expectancy. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and understand different well-being determinants of the elderly from various aspects. In particular, the thesis applies the relatively novel method to measure individuals' wellbeing and looks at this issue from different angles. The first chapter investigates the well-being of Chinese individuals by summarizing the key social economic policies that tend to influence their wellbeing over their whole life. It points out the importance of the rural-urban difference imposed by hukou system. The second chapter analyzes the long-term effect of education on the current well-being based on a representative sample of the Chinese population aged 45 or over. It investigates how the education gradient combines with the marked differences in the social policies implemented in rural and urban China. The third chapter focuses on the later life cognitive functioning which is a vital determinant of the quality of life and well-being of the elderly. This chapter looks at whether and how childhood conditions influence later life cognition. The thesis contributes to the literature on well-being of the elderly by highlighting the importance of social economic policies and early life conditions, which are expected to affect individuals’ well-being in the long run.
28
Mottershaw, Abigail. "Toward an understanding of the relationship between subjective wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing indicators in adolescence". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/9f2fed52-efe0-46d6-815a-7fc975fa1b87.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Subjective wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing collectively assess wellbeing as an overarching construct. Yet investigation into the relationship between subjective wellbeing and diverse eudaimonic wellbeing indicators has so far been limited to a few studies with few eudaimonic wellbeing indicators. Little is known about how subjective wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing are related in adolescence, which is a critical developmental stage. I explored the relationship between subjective wellbeing and a diverse range of positive traits to capture eudaimonic wellbeing, including: the basic psychological needs, gratitude, optimism, trust, meaning in life, hopefulness, ambition, grit, curiosity and subjective health. I aimed to understand which positive traits were best considered as components of wellbeing and which traits were correlates of wellbeing, and identify the general and specific effects across subjective and eudaimonic wellbeing indicators. I applied multivariate genetic analyses combined with principle components analysis to understand the aetiological relationship between subjective wellbeing and diverse eudaimonic wellbeing indicators in adolescence. My findings suggest that wellbeing was best characterised as an overarching construct with components of subjective wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing indicators, which largely share genetic influences. I also identified the positive traits that were best considered correlates, rather than components of wellbeing, reinforcing the need for a clear definition of wellbeing. First using monozygotic twin analyses and second by measuring aspects of the physical environment, I also demonstrated that there are multiple environmental influences on subjective and eudaimonic wellbeing in adolescence. It is likely there are many environmental influences on subjective wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing, each with small effects in the same way there are multiple genetic influences with small effects, but together can explain substantial proportions of variance. In this genomic era, we will benefit from more investigation of environmental exposures to explain more of the missing heritability and the missing environmentality of behavioural traits.
29
Hendey, Briahna M. "Balancing Diet and Wellbeing: Exploring the Relationship Between Wise Consumption, Meat Reduction, and Psychological Wellbeing". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1598240064757451.
Texto completo da fonte
30
Peters, Dorian. "Designing for psychological wellbeing Development of a research-based toolkit for wellbeing supportive technology design". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29242.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Growing concern over the impact of digital technologies on psychological wellbeing has prompted technology companies to develop initiatives on ‘digital wellbeing’. However, these initiatives tend to focus on helping users change their behaviour rather than on changing technology itself. Yet, it is unclear why users should bear the burden of adjusting to, or self-regulating against, designs that aren’t aligned with their psychological needs.
Many designers are motivated to improve the psychological impact of technologies but there is little rigorous guidance on how to do so in practice. Using the Self-determination theory (SDT), this research leverages a sound theoretical model to help designers improve the psychological impact of technologies based on rigorous guidance on how to do so in practice:
1. How can wellbeing psychology be rigorously and systematically applied to the technology design process to improve the extent to which technologies support wellbeing?
2. How could this knowledge be effectively transferred to practitioners to help them support psychological wellbeing through design, keeping in mind the need for both rigor and practicality?
3. What evidence-based design guidelines can be derived from existing literature to help designers create more ‘wellbeing supportive’ technologies?
4. Can an entirely online collaborative and self-facilitated version of a design workshop be developed that is as effective as the analogue and in-person original at helping designers create more wellbeing supportive technologies?
To answer these, I conducted a staged process of mixed-methods research with 155 participants through interviews and iterative development of a toolkit of methods and resources. Studies show the toolkit was effective in translating wellbeing psychology into actionable guidance for designers based on measures of satisfaction and learning outcomes. The work draws on self-determination theory – an evidence-based psychological theory of wellbeing – and leverages the METUX model which applies this theory to HCI.
Key contributions of this research include insights from three empirical research studies, a set of evidence-based guidelines for wellbeing supportive design, and a toolkit which translates new research knowledge into a format relevant to design practice.
31
Hobbs, Georgina. "Wellbeing : a theoretical and empirical study". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2016. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/617318/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There is mounting theoretical evidence that wellbeing has been mobilised within a personal responsibility agenda (PRA). However, there is little empirical evidence to support this. Additionally, little is understood about the role of historical/linguistic factors in this mobilisation and their influence on mainstream representations of wellbeing. Research indicates current representations of wellbeing assign primacy to academic/professional conceptualisations neglecting lay conceptualisations. This thesis examines wellbeing through complementary theoretical and empirical investigations. This responds to a need to explore: the mobilisation of wellbeing through empirical investigation; how and why historical and linguistic factors contribute to this mobilisation; whether this mobilisation is assimilated into lay conceptualisations. This is important given wellbeing is a central focus of international and national healthcare policy, an influential concept in health discourse and widely utilised to underpin health and social care services. Three research strategies were utilised: a synthesis of theoretical evidence; a historical/linguistic contextualisation of wellbeing and qualitative analysis of participant data. Data were collected from existing literature, historical/linguistic sources and semi-structured interviews. Findings illustrated that historical/linguistic associations between wellbeing and personal responsibility have facilitated its mobilisation within a PRA. Findings also identified that participants rarely associated wellbeing with personal responsibility, which was primarily perceived as the responsibility of the state, despite widespread dissemination of agentic representations of wellbeing. Findings suggest that wellbeing has been mobilised within a PRA for governance purposes. This has been achieved primarily through the promulgation of agentic representations of wellbeing. However, findings indicated a disjunction between participant and academic/professional conceptualisations of responsibility for wellbeing. This contributes to the revitalised debate about representations of wellbeing and the division of responsibility for wellbeing between the individual and the state.
32
Johnson, Rachel. "Psychological wellbeing in the perinatal period". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49310/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Chapter one systematically reviews the literature on the psychological impact of breastfeeding on mothers. Whilst breastfeeding is indicated as the superior feeding choice for infants, the full impact on mothers is under-reported. Results show that breastfeeding and weaning have a varied psychological impact on maternal wellbeing, identity and perceptions of role. Where incompatibilities between mothers‟ expectations and lived experiences occur, or where disagreement between self and others is perceived, dissonance, distress and division result. Discussion is made of the implications of these findings for clinical service provision, training and research. Chapter two presents a grounded theory analysis of fathers‟ experiences of attending traumatic childbirth. Despite an increasing trend over recent decades for fathers to attend their children‟s births, relatively little is still known about the potential impact of having been present during a traumatic labour or delivery upon them. In response to this gap in the literature, the current study reports theoretical concepts generated from interviews with fathers. A model of the experiences recounted is also presented, showing that, within the context of their past experiences, antenatal preparation and confidence in the care provided, fathers cycled between seeking control, passive observing, and helplessness. Findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature and the implications of this novel contribution to the subject area for future research and service provision are highlighted. Chapter three discusses the candidate‟s personal observations and reflections on the research process. The impact of parenthood and gender upon research into the perinatal period is considered and effects are noted on the researcher, participants and the research itself. Reflections are discussed with reference to previous research into gender and motherhood in qualitative research, and a call is made for researchers to acknowledge their epistemological positions within their subject fields as a matter of routine.
33
Hagberg, Niklas. "Enacting personal wellbeing by controlling customers". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-47908.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract Purpose – The aim of this thesis is to describe and explain how service employees create personal wellbeing through improving the customer’s experience of the service by being proactive in their work, continuously running the service interaction and stimulating the customer. Design/methodology/approach – The study takes on a qualitative approach and data was collected through a primary analysis of 9 extensive interviews performed on service providers within the mobility service-business in Gothenburg. Findings – The findings of this study show how service employees’ can create personal wellbeing for themselves in different ways and to varying extent using different tactics, judgement procedures and implicit knowledge resources. Research limitations/implications for future research – The service setting in this study is not comparable to all other organisations, something must be taken into account. Future research should focus on further analysing the findings of this thesis by performing similar studies in other service contexts and a more detailed examination of the different components. Practical implications – The findings of this thesis provide valuable insights for managers within similar service organisations where there is need for improved employee wellbeing and performance. This could lead to significantly enhanced service experiences that would benefit, not only the employees’, but also customers’ and the organisation as a whole. Keywords – Employee Wellbeing, Service Employees, Service Interaction, Transformative Service Research, Service Dominant Logic, Employee Tactics
34
Robertson, Sara. "Nostalgia and wellbeing across the lifespan". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370449/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In recent years, interest in nostalgia and its many potential benefits has blossomed, yet the nature of nostalgia in older adulthood has remained largely unexplored. This is surprising, given that nostalgia serves many functions which are highly relevant to older adults and which could determine whether they adjust poorly or well to older adulthood. In order to address this shortfall, this thesis reports on research exploring nostalgia and wellbeing across the lifespan. First, I compare the content of nostalgic and ordinary autobiographical memories using multiple coding methods. Results highlight the strong social orientation of nostalgia in older adults (Chapter 2). Second, I examine psychological wellbeing across the lifespan and demonstrate that stability or gains in wellbeing are contingent on nostalgia (Chapter 3). Furthermore, these age-related differences in psychological wellbeing are at least partly driven by a perception of limited time (Chapter 4). Finally, I explore whether there are individual differences in those who stand to benefit most from nostalgia. Results suggest that nostalgia may not meet the affiliative needs of high growth adults as they get older. This is demonstrated across a wide variety of measures, including psychological wellbeing (Chapter 5), subjective wellbeing and health (Chapter 6). Overall, this thesis emphasises the value of taking a lifespan perspective on nostalgia.
35
Barnsley, Paul David. "Subjective wellbeing, mean reversion and risk". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10413.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This thesis examines the possibility of directly measuring utility via reported subjective wellbeing and considers the structure of utility functions such measurements imply. Chapter one surveys the practical and theoretical arguments in favour of such an approach, and outlines the key technical difficulties associated with obtaining usable utility data from self-reported subjective wellbeing. Chapter two links subjective wellbeing to the model presented by Robson (2001) whereby restrictions on utility are predicted by evolutionary models. A specific model of mean reversion is then suggested, demonstrating the relationship between mean reversion and time preference, and data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) is used to estimate the speed at which habituation occurs. Links between evolutionary models and the problem of mapping from reported subjective wellbeing to underlying utility are then used to generate a method for recovering cardinal utility data from ordinal subjective wellbeing using observed response frequency. This approach is then demonstrated using the BHPS data. Chapter three considers the aggregation of subjective wellbeing through time and introduces the concept of `peak aversion', a preference for smoothness in utility across states and through time, and relates it to traditional risk aversion measures and general state-dependent utility. The application of peak aversion to subjective wellbeing, Quality Adjusted Life Years (`QALYs'), tortious compensation and social choice theory are then considered. An empirical estimate of the strength of the preference is obtained using data on differences in Standard Gamble and Time Tradeoff QALYs and is used to calculate the curvature of the inequality averse social welfare function and appropriate QALY weightings based on severity of illness.
36
Leth, Malin, e Basil Al-Ali. "How wellbeing economic projects help contribute to a paradigm shift : Altering the path to a Wellbeing Economy". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43765.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study aims to look at the processes used when creating wellbeing economic projects to further understand what key themes there are. It applies Path-Dependency theory, consisting of Path-Dependence and Path-Creation to see if the chosen aspects are relevant to creating wellbeing projects and altering the path from the Anthropocene. Analysis is conducted on 45 implemented wellbeing economic projects from the Wellbeing Economy Alliance. After formulating questions based on this, interviews are carried out with ten experienced wellbeing leaders to gain a deeper understanding of what could be learned from their experiences of success and failure within wellbeing projects. The main findings of the study show that to effectively alter the path, power should be dispersed between as many people as possible, people are driven by a larger vision than specifics and it is essential for governments and the private sector to communicate with people to understand what they value in regards to wellbeing.
37
Sylla, Daouda. "Essays on Culture, Economic Outcome and Wellbeing". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31202.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Chapter 1: The Impact of Culture on the Second-Generation Immigrants’ Level of Trust in Canada
Trust is one of the main elements of social capital; it determines the extent to which an individual cooperates with others. In this chapter, I assess whether cultural factors influence the level of trust in the population of second-generation immigrants in Canada. This paper is related to two strands of empirical literature. The first analyses the determinants of trust and the second studies the cultural transmission of values, attitudes and beliefs. I follow closely the literature on the cultural transmission and use an epidemiological approach to assess whether trust of second-generation immigrants is affected by their cultural heritage. This approach consists of comparing information about the outcomes of second-generation immigrants with that of the country of origin of their ancestry. We apply this approach using the Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS), the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). Estimation results show that the average level of trust in the countries of origin of the ancestors of the second-generation immigrants has a strong significant impact on their level of trust. Thus, individual whose country of ancestry displays a high level of trust, tend to have a high level of trust. This provides evidence that individuals’ level of trust is not only explained by their personal experiences, characteristics, and the environment in which they live; but also by the culture in their country of ancestry. This means that culture does matter! I find that the results remain robust even if certain key countries are omitted or a different data set is used.
Chapter 2: Decomposing Health Achievement and Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Presence of Multiple Categorical Information
This chapter presents a decomposition of the health achievement and the socioeconomic health inequality indices by multiple categorical variables and by regions. I adopt Makdissi and Yazbeck's (2014) counting approach to deal with the ordinal nature of the data of the United States National Health Interview Survey 2010. The findings suggest that the attributes that contribute the most to the deviation from perfect health in the United States are: anxiety, depression and exhaustion. Also, I find that the attributes that contribute the most to the total socioeconomic health inequality are ambulation, depression and pain. The regional decomposition results suggest that, if the aversion to socioeconomic health inequality is high enough, socioeconomic health inequalities between regions are the main contributors to the total socioeconomic health inequality in the United States. Chapter 3: Accounting for Freedom and Economic Resources in the Assessment of Changes in Women Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa
This chapter assesses the importance of freedom in women’s wellbeing in twelve Sub-Saharan Africa countries by using data from Demographic Health Surveys. This paper presents a poverty comparison by using the stochastic dominance approach and relies on the economic resources and freedom as the two aspects of wellbeing which evokes the multidimensionality of poverty. This study is related to the following three pieces of literature: the sequential stochastic dominance, the multidimensional poverty, the Sen’s capability approach which is based on freedom. This paper is built on Makdissi et al. (2014) but differs from it in a number of respects. First, it focuses on poverty instead of welfare. Secondly, it applies the Shapley decomposition to determine the contributions of the economic resource distribution and the incidence of the threat of domestic violence to poverty changes over time. Consistent with previous work on the importance of freedom, I find that more freedom, i.e. less threat of domestic violence, affects women’s wellbeing positively since it decreases women’s poverty. The results indicate that women’s wellbeing has improved in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, and Zimbabwe and deteriorated in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania.
38
Mcguire-Adams, Tricia. "Anishinaabeg Women's Wellbeing: Decolonization through Physical Activity". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37366.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Settler colonialism has detrimental effects on the health and wellbeing of Indigenous peoples, as seen, for example, in the disproportionately high rates of chronic diseases experienced among Indigenous peoples. Indigenous peoples in Canada experience higher levels of ill health related to obesity, diabetes, and other chronic conditions than non-Indigenous people. Indigenous women experience greater incidents of chronic disease than men and are thus particularly vulnerable to ill health. Current research has focussed on documenting the health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. While insightful, health disparity research reproduces settler colonial discourses of erasure and provides no meaningful or lasting solutions for addressing these disparities, thus demonstrating the need for Indigenous-led thinking regarding potential solutions. Therefore, the guiding research question for my dissertation was, “Can physical activity that encompasses a decolonization approach be a catalyst for regenerative wellbeing for Anishinaabeg women?” Using Indigenous feminist theory that is informed by Anishinaabeg gikendaasowin, I looked to the dibaajimowinan of Anishinaabeg women, Elders, and urban Indigenous women, which occurred in three stages of research and culminated in five publishable papers. In the first stage of research, I interviewed seven Anishinaabekweg who are exemplars of decolonized physical activity. In the second stage of research, I held a sharing circle with eight Elders from Naicatchewenin in Treaty #3 territory. In the last stage of research, I implemented Wiisokotaatiwin with 12 urban Indigenous women with the Odawa Native Friendship Centre, my community partner.
The results of my research revealed that wellbeing for Indigenous women can be improved through decolonized physical activity, remembering Anishinaabeg stories, and building community in urban spaces. More specifically, these activities are important resistance tools that can lead to meaningful ways of addressing embodied settler colonialism and can also make strong contributions to Indigenous health research. Overall, my research showcased how Anishinaabeg gikendaasowin can be used as a foundation to improve Indigenous women’s health and wellbeing.
39
Nickerson, Angela Marissa Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Mental health and wellbeing of Mandaean refugees". Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Psychology, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44529.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This program of research investigated the mental health of Mandaean refugees living in Sydney, Australia (N=315). Participants evidenced high rates of psychological disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD, 23%), depression (34%), anger attacks (58%), complicated grief (10%) and impaired mental health-related functioning (42%). Participants also reported high levels of exposure to traumatic events, and experiencing multiple resettlement stressors. It was found that intrusive fear regarding traumatic events that may be experienced by family members remaining in Iraq contributed to PTSD, depression and mental health-related disability over and above the effects of past trauma and post-migration living difficulties. In addition, fear for family predicted frequency of anger attacks beyond the contribution of past trauma, living difficulties and PTSD. Fear of cultural extinction emerged as a salient concern for the Mandaean community, with path analyses revealing it was directly predicted by symptoms of PTSD. The effects of change in visa status on the mental health of Mandaean refugees who had also taken part in a previous survey were explored. Participants who had attained permanent residency status after previously holding Temporary Protection Visas (TPVs) evidenced greater reductions in psychological distress than those who had consistently held permanent residency. Results suggested that that temporary protection may have exerted negative effects on mental health by creating high levels of post-migration living difficulties. Analyses modelling pathways from trauma and loss to other mental health outcomes at both the individual and family levels indicated that grief played a key role in the mental health of the Mandaean community, and that the refugee experience has implications for family mental health and functioning. This thesis represents an attempt to extend knowledge regarding factors that influence refugee mental health, and common psychological outcomes, by examining the relationship between circumstances of ongoing threat to the individual and the collective, family-level processes, and psychological difficulties including PTSD, depression, grief, anger and mental health-related disability. These findings have implications for government policies and service providers working with refugee groups.
40
Bruer, A. L. "Emotional predispositions and wellbeing in older adults /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SSPS/09sspsb889.pdf.
Texto completo da fonte
41
Turnill, Nicola. "Psychological interactions between wellbeing and eating behaviour". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438384.
Texto completo da fonte
42
Wang, Adele. "Understanding wellbeing within a policy relevant framework". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/324dcdf7-3419-4f67-a438-9958c1176051.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Policy makers worldwide are increasingly realising the importance of wellbeing. Maintaining mental wellbeing is important for positive life outcomes, such as relationships, employment, and physical health. It can also act as a buffer against the negative effects of stress. In this thesis, I am interested in the individual differences that determine why some individuals have better wellbeing and respond better to wellbeing interventions than others. In addition, I investigate the close relationship between social connections and wellbeing. I predominately concentrate on late adolescence and emerging adulthood because this is a critical but underexplored developmental period for mental health. Three broad conclusions can be drawn from the projects in this thesis. Firstly, I find that social connections are often positively associated, such as providing social support, but they can also be negatively associated with wellbeing, such as through negative social comparisons. Tapping into how individuals socially interact and connect with others could be an important wellbeing improving intervention, and further research is needed here to disentangle mechanisms and direction of causality. My second conclusion is that tackling inequality should be of high priority for policy makers as inequality contributes to lower population level wellbeing levels. Finally, my findings suggest that one of the ways to ensure we do not increase existing inequalities when we make policies is to have a greater focus on personalised interventions and policies. Environments do not just passively happen to us - even environmental measures such as social support are mediated by genetics. Therefore, one-size-fits-all policies should be replaced with more personalised approaches. Overall, my projects add to the evidence base that can now be collated with other research outputs to produce policy recommendations. My thesis emphasises the need for evidence based on a range of methodologies to give us the most comprehensive view of wellbeing.
43
Webber, Jo. "Allotment gardening, connectedness to nature and wellbeing". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2013. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12481/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The potential for green interventions to promote mental wellbeing and reduce mental distress is increasingly being recognised (Mind, 2007). Preliminary evidence suggests that allotment gardening activities may have a significant effect on mental wellbeing, but a paucity of research, particularly in non-clinical populations, has been highlighted (Partridge, 2010). A cross-sectional online survey of 171 allotment gardeners was conducted. Measures of subjective wellbeing (quality of life), eudaimonic wellbeing, connectedness to nature and preference for solitude were administered. Qualitative data were also collected through open-ended questions. Allotment gardeners’ scores on measures of environmental quality of life and eudaimonic wellbeing were significantly higher than those reported in the literature, but social quality of life was lower in allotment gardeners. Regression analysis showed that time spent on the allotment during summer predicted eudaimonic wellbeing. This relationship was fully mediated by feelings of connectedness to nature. A relationship was observed between spending time on the allotment and preference for solitude. Four main themes emerged from the qualitative data: allotments provided a space of one’s own, meaningful activity, increased feelings of connectedness, and improved physical and mental health. The results suggest that allotment gardening is associated with increased eudaimonic wellbeing, but not subjective wellbeing (also referred to as hedonic wellbeing). Furthermore, a mechanism through which allotment gardening enhances wellbeing is suggested: increased connectedness to nature. Limitations of the current study and clinical and research implications are discussed.
44
Garrod, Christopher James. "Subjective wellbeing in people with intellectual disabilities". Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8430.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The portfolio has three parts these being: the systematic literature review, the empirical study and the appendices. Part one is a systematic literature review into the influences on the subjective wellbeing of people with intellectual disabilities. It presents an understanding of people with intellectual disabilities, how wellbeing as a concept is currently understood and how their subjective wellbeing can be influenced. Part two is an empirical paper which used different methods to explore how young people with intellectual disabilities perceive their experiences of attending a sports group with their peers of similar abilities and how this experience influences their subjective wellbeing. To achieve this eight young people aged 9 – 13 years old completed an adapted wellbeing measure to quantify their subjective wellbeing. A semi structured interview, incorporating creative methods to collect data was employed to ensure that this often under represented group could have a voice. The themes of this research are discussed and linked to previous research to identify clinical implications and the methodology is also discussed and future research opportunities are identified. Part three comprises the Appendices to support the work in the first two parts of the thesis including a reflective account of the research process.
45
Cullis, Andrew. "Neighbourhood and wellbeing in the early years". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10007364/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether compositional and contextual factors relating to neighbourhoods in which children live can explain differences in their wellbeing, over and above factors at the individual and family level. Data collected on young children, sampled from advantaged, disadvantaged and ethnic minority electoral wards within the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) were used to explore the research objectives. 2001 census small area statistics were uniquely utilised to further characterise MCS wards. Multi-level statistical modelling techniques were employed to analyse these data. Findings suggest that individual and family level factors account for most of the differences in cognitive, behavioural and physical wellbeing. Wards in disadvantaged and ethnic minority areas were shown to be negatively associated with children's readiness to start school and their vocabulary abilities. Behavioural difficulties and the body mass index (BMI) of children were also associated with these wards. Alongside these factors, several subjective measures of the local area were associated with children's wellbeing. Poor local safety and problems with litter were negatively associated with school readiness and vocabulary skills respectively. Problems with noise, pollution, lack of places to play and poor access to shops were associated with children having behavioural difficulties. Problems with litter in the vicinity were also related to children having a higher BMI. Furthermore, some 2001 census small area statistics, characterising the demographic composition of each ward were also associated with child wellbeing. Wards with high numbers of children living in them were associated with poor school readiness scores and areas with high numbers of cohabiting childless couples were associated with children having lower vocabulary scores. Wards with high levels of female lone parents who were employed and married couples with children were associated with fewer child difficulties. None of these census factors were associated with BMI.
46
Coghlan, Jeanine. "Exploring psychological wellbeing in community orchestra players". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75215.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study concerns the idea that musical involvement contributes to a person’s overall wellbeing. This research aimed to explore wellbeing among members of a community orchestra using the PERMA (positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment) model as a framework and a lens through which to understand wellbeing experiences.The idea that musical involvement contributes to a person’s overall wellbeing has been widely suggested by various authors. However, the extent to which this is a reality does not seem to have been sufficiently studied. This research aimed to explore wellbeing among members of a community orchestra using the PERMA (positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment) model as a framework and a lens through which to understand wellbeing experiences. The research project was a qualitative study, using a case-study design. Research participants consisted of ten community orchestra musicians in Gauteng, South Africa. Each member was interviewed by means of semi-structured, in-depth interviews, probing their reported experiences that related to wellbeing. The questions were inspired by, and based on, the elements: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment. The results reveal reasons underlying members’ commitment to a community orchestra and particular objectives they establish for themselves. Participants are physically influenced by their involvement, as their wellbeing is enhanced throughout the process. Important relationships are experienced by the orchestra participants and these strengthen to become more meaningful. There are different leadership roles and responsibilities that are essential to the organisation of the community orchestra, which creates a sense of belonging for those who choose to be involved. Members of a community orchestra are motivated by opportunities that foster autonomy and closeness to others. These experiences support participants’ natural tendencies towards psychological and interpersonal integration, revealing the relevance of selfdetermination theory in this study. The orchestra plays an important role in virtuousness and the progress participants make throughout their involvement has great value to them personally. The experience of playing music in a group is meaningful beyond the individual, therefore contributing to an experience of wellbeing. In conclusion, the research reveals that participants experience psychological wellbeing in a community orchestra. This study is the first of its kind in South Africa to investigate this
Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
University of Pretoria
Music
MMus
Unrestricted
47
Musingarabwi, Steffanie. "Time-use and wellbeing in Onesi, Namibia". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22722.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Men's and women's time-use in relation to wellbeing is well-investigated and understood within the context of the developed world. There has been limited research into the gendered experiences of time-use and three dimensional (3D) wellbeing in rural communities of sub-Saharan Africa and particularly so in semi-arid areas. As a result, failure to appreciate how time-use and wellbeing are experienced by the rural population in semi-arid areas impedes a full understanding of how rural inhabitants spend their time and how this makes them worse off or better off in different aspects of their wellbeing. This subsequently challenges the appropriateness of efforts to improve the lived experience of rural inhabitants. The study aimed to make a contribution to the knowledge gap on time-use and wellbeing by assessing how time-use relates to the experiences of material, subjective and relational aspects of wellbeing in a semi-arid area. It hypothesised that if men and women who are household-heads spend their time-use differently this has implications on their experiences of material, subjective and relational wellbeing. The study adopted a quantitative approach to primary data collection, analysis and interpretation of results. A questionnaire survey consisting of 93 randomly selected male and female headed households was conducted using stratified sampling techniques. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software including regression analysis and statistical tests (Mann Witney U test) from which descriptive and statistical results were presented in tables and graphs following regression analysis. The study yielded several findings including the importance of personal care for improved subjective wellbeing despite the trade-off with material wellbeing; the importance of age and social grants for ensuring a better experience of material wellbeing; the importance of social connections particularly for widows and widowers; as well as the significance of time spent on leisure and work-outside for improving relational wellbeing. In addition, women's disproportionally high time spent on domestic work leaves them feeling subjectively worse-off while the persistence of traditional gender role division seems to have a determining effect on the time-use and wellbeing experiences of household-heads in the study area. Overall, the study highlights time-use related opportunities and constraints for improving the wellbeing of rural inhabitants in Onesi, Namibia.
48
Teixeira, Hugo C. "Wellbeing and Occupational Stress in Dentistry Academics". Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/419085.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Occupational stress can impact adversely on individuals’ physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing, and have occupational consequences. Dentistry professionals can experience significantly higher levels of occupational stress, and poorer wellbeing, than other health professionals. Previous research on occupational stress among dentistry professionals has demonstrated differences by individual-level personal and professional characteristics, identified work content and work context sources of occupational stress, and indicated that dentists may not be able to relieve their stress properly. Previous research has, however, focused on dentistry clinicians and students, and less is known about dentistry academics who are likely to have different correlates and sources of occupational stress given differences in their occupational role. Therefore, this research program aimed to investigate occupational stress and wellbeing among dentistry academics including individual-level personal and professional characteristics associated with poor wellbeing, common sources of occupational stress and associations with poor wellbeing, and self-care activities and associations with wellbeing.
This research program used a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of academics in dentistry departments across nine universities in Australia and New Zealand. The thesis comprises three quantitative studies and examined data from an online survey to assess wellbeing, personal and professional characteristics, perfectionism, work content and context sources of occupational stress, and self-care activities. Data were analysed using multiple regression.
A total of 119 people consented to the online survey, with 94 (78.9%) providing complete data. The average age of respondents was 50 (±11.7) years, 56.8% were men, and 67% had more than 10 years’ experience as an academic. Results demonstrated poor wellbeing among this group of dentistry academics, with an average score on the iii Psychological General Wellbeing Index (PGWBI) of 67.0±14.1. Lower scores were obtained on PGWBI dimensions of vitality (58.3±19.4), anxiety (62.0±16.9) and positive wellbeing (62.2±17.2) than other dimensions.
Study one found a significant association between hours of undergraduate teaching and psychological wellbeing, after adjustment for age, gender, income, and overall health (F(6,79)=19.651, p<.001, adj.R2=.56). Dentistry academics doing more than six hours of undergraduate teaching per week had poorer wellbeing than their counterparts (rpb(92)=- .288, p=.005, age r(84)=.315, p<.005). There were no significant bivariate associations between perfectionism, or other personal and professional characteristics, and wellbeing.
Study two found that the leading sources of “substantial” occupational stress were work overload (61% agreement), administration demands (55% agreement), multiple role demands (54% agreement), and time pressure at work (49% agreement). A multiple linear regression model comprising job future, workload and responsibility, job satisfaction, social support, time pressure at work, age, income management, and overall health significantly predicted psychological wellbeing, F(8,77)=13.141, p<.0001, adj.R2=.53, with no significant associations for any of the specific sources of stress with wellbeing.
Study three found that the most common types of self-care done “frequently” were lifestyle (57.8%), exercise (44.4%), and recreational (44.4%) activities. The least frequent were intrapersonal activities (13.3%). The multiple linear regression model comprising self-care domains of intrapersonal, interpersonal, exercise, recreational, and professional activities, with adjustment for age, gender, income management, and overall health significantly predicted psychological wellbeing, F(9,76)=9.705, p<.0001, adj.R2=.53, with no statistically significant associations between any of the individual self-care activity domains and wellbeing.
The findings of this research program contribute to evidence on occupational stress and wellbeing in dentistry academics and can inform workplace interventions. Results suggest that interventions to improve wellbeing in dentistry academics could prioritise those who are younger, with lower income, in poorer health, and/or teaching more than six hours of undergraduate teaching per week. These interventions could include individual-level and organisational-level strategies to help manage time pressure, work overload, administration demands, and multiple role demands; and increase social support and positive perceptions of job future and job satisfaction. Interventions could promote intrapersonal (e.g., gratitude, mindfulness), interpersonal (e.g., social support), and professional self-care activities (e.g., networking skills) given potentially low rates of these. Future research is warranted to extrapolate and confirm these findings with a larger sample, define the study sample homogeneously, and explore the impact of COVID-19 on sources of stress. Future research is also needed to provide a deeper exploration of ‘lived in’ experiences of dentistry academics related to aspects of undergraduate teaching that contribute to poor wellbeing, or specific aspects of the work role that contribute to work overload; and to explore other aspects of intervention delivery such as preferences for duration, frequency, and type of interventions.
If successful, such workplace interventions could reduce the adverse physical, psychological, behavioural, and organisational consequences commonly associated with poor wellbeing and occupational stress among dentistry academics, as well as the financial burden of related compensations claims. In turn these interventions could promote mental and physical wellbeing, and quality of life, as well as organisational indicators such as staff morale and overall work performance and productivity.
This work has not previously been submitted for a degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the thesis itself.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
Full Text
49
Baker, Gabrielle A. "Gifted adolescent wellbeing: An Australian case study". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118724/1/Gabrielle_Baker_Thesis.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A case study approach was adopted in this research to explore the wellbeing of gifted adolescents who participated in a two year immersion class. Qualitative evidence supported ability-grouping to compact three years' curriculum into two while incorporating social-emotional skills. Vignettes of challenges beyond the safety of the class however, revealed changed behavior that influenced student development and identity. A whole-of-school approach to wellbeing was recommended to foster a shared ethos of inclusive practice and empathy. Insight from the research has global significance for gifted adolescent wellbeing.
50
Aarnseth, Erika. "Possible correlation between sustainability, wellbeing and traditional African values : Wellbeing factors among citizens in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för samhälls- och livsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-30627.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Present development path is based on the Western ideas, with focus on market, competition, capitalism and individualism. It has shown to create unsustainable patterns in terms of a growing ecological footprint, decreased wellbeing and growing inequities. This calls for new, alternative development paths. The traditional African values are based on a holistic and humanistic ideology which focuses on health and safety of common citizens; meeting all peoples basic needs, sharing, social connectedness, living in harmony with other species and nature, a healthy environment, to experience satisfaction when your basic needs are met, not wanting more than you need (luxurious cravings), and the concern for health of future generations. In this sense, traditional values are sustainability bearing, and are also suggested to influence human wellbeing in a positive way. This study have explored to what extent sustainability-bearing values from the traditional African lifestyle are considered to be important for the wellbeing of young, black individuals, and analyzed whether the values of means to achieve wellbeing differs or corresponds between people living a traditionally influenced lifestyle and a Western influenced lifestyle. Generally, the respondents found all these values more important for their wellbeing than luxurious consumption. This suggests that values that are sustainability bearing are important for peoples wellbeing, and is thereby important to include in the development debate.Dagens utveckling är baserad på den Västerlänska livsstilen med fokus på marknad, konkurrens, kapitalism och individualism. Detta har visat sig orsaka ohållbara mönster i form av ett allt större ekologiskt fotavtryck, sänkt välbefinnande och växande sociala klyftor, vilket visar behovet av nya, alternativa utvecklings vägar. Traditionella Afrikanska värderingar baseras på en holistisk och humanistisk ideologi där man fokuserar på hälsa och säkerhet för framtida generationer, tillfredsställa allas grundläggande behov, att dela med sig, social samhörighet, att leva i harmoni med andra arter och naturen, en frisk miljö, att uppleva tillfredsställelse när grundbehoven är tillfredsställda, att inte kräva mer än man behöver samt omsorg om hälsan för framtida generationer. På detta sätt är traditionella värderingar hållbarhets skapande och anses även inverka positivt på mänskligt välbefinnande. Denna studie har utforskat I vilken utsträckning hållbarhetsskapande värderingar från den traditionella Afrikanska livsstilen anses viktiga för välbefinnandet hos unga, svarta personer, samt analyserat om det som anses viktigt för människors välbefinnande är likvärdiga eller särskiljer sig, mellan människor som lever en traditionellt influerad livsstil, och de som lever en Västerländskt influerad livsstil. Generellt ansåg respondenterna att dessa värderingar var mer viktiga för deras välbefinnande än lyxkonsumtion. Detta antyder att värderinga som är hållbarhets skapande är viktiga för människors välbefinnande, och de är därmed viktiga att inkludera i utvecklings debatten.