Bibliografias temáticas / Welfare providers

Índice

Artigos de revistas
Teses / dissertações
Livros
Capítulos de livros
Trabalhos de conferências
Relatórios de organizações

Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Welfare providers"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 2 de fevereiro de 2022

Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos

Selecione um tipo de fonte:

Consulte a lista de atuais artigos, livros, teses, anais de congressos e outras fontes científicas relevantes para o tema "Welfare providers".

Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.

Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Welfare providers"

Seddon, Beth, e Francis G. Castles. "Present Dilemas for Non-Government Welfare Providers". Australian Quarterly 64, n.º 2 (1992): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20635674.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Klenk, Tanja, e Frank Nullmeier. "Welfare industries: enterprises as providers of public goods". Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 4, n.º 1 (27 de março de 2010): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12286-010-0076-8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Powell, Martin. "New private sector providers in the welfare state". Public Administration 97, n.º 1 (7 de fevereiro de 2019): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/padm.12581.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Eccles, Janet. "Older English churchgoing women as voluntary providers of welfare". Journal of Beliefs & Values 35, n.º 3 (2 de setembro de 2014): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2014.980072.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Hien, Josef. "From Private to Religious Patriarchy: Gendered Consequences of Faith-Based Welfare Provision in Germany". Politics and Religion 10, n.º 3 (28 de março de 2017): 515–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755048317000086.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

AbstractOver one million people work for a faith-based welfare provider in Germany. Caritas and Diakonie, the largest faith-based providers in Germany enjoy prerogatives that do not exist in other countries. This particular group of faith-based organizations is exempt from federal labor law and discrimination clauses, which results in arbitrary, and in other cases, institutional, forms of discrimination against particular social groups in society. Research has focused on the institutional regulation of faith-based practice in Germany. Much less attention has been devoted to the faith component within faith-based welfare provision. This study traces the evolution of church doctrine and its impact on the care and employment practices of faith-based welfare providers in Germany from the 1950s to the present. It argues that the conservative ideology of these welfare providers amplifies the negative effects of gendered occupational regimes.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Berg, Monika, e Tobias Johansson. "Building Institutional Trust Through Service Experiences—Private Versus Public Provision Matter". Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 30, n.º 2 (10 de outubro de 2019): 290–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muz029.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Abstract Welfare service experiences are known to shape citizens' trust in public institutions and their support of the welfare state. But, there is poor understanding of how this relationship is shaped in systems of mixed provision, that is, welfare states that use public in-house as well as contracted private providers for publically funded services. Drawing on the notion of system trust this article provides a theoretical account of how mixed-provision welfare systems condition the relationship between service experience and trust, affecting the legitimacy of the state. Utilizing a randomized vignette experiment with participants in a general citizen survey in Sweden, we investigate whether it matters for the formation of institutional trust if the welfare service is provided by a public or third-party private provider. The main result show that the spillover of trust from positive service experiences with the provider to trust in public institutions is higher in cases of public service provision. Thus, the possibility of using welfare services to build trust in the welfare system seems to be greater when public provision is used.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Zander, V. "Methods to assess older persons needs of welfare technology. A survey among welfare technology providers". Gerontechnology 19, s (3 de outubro de 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4017/gt.2020.19.s.69434.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Svallfors, Stefan, e Anna Tyllström. "Resilient privatization: the puzzling case of for-profit welfare providers in Sweden". Socio-Economic Review 17, n.º 3 (19 de janeiro de 2018): 745–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwy005.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Abstract In this article, we analyse the striking resilience of for-profit care and service provision in what has often been seen as the archetypical social democratic welfare state: Sweden. We focus on the strategic discursive activities of private companies and their business organizations as they try to influence perceptions, organize actors and facilitate communication to defend profit-making in the welfare sector in the face of increasing conflict and opposition. We argue that taking such organized action into account changes dominant perceptions about the characteristics of the Swedish political economy, and carries important lessons for analyses of changes in the organization of the welfare state in general.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Bunger, Alicia C., Arlene R. Stiffman, Kirk A. Foster e Peichang Shi. "Child Welfare Workers’ Connectivity to Resources and Youth’s Receipt of Services". Advances in Social Work 10, n.º 1 (19 de março de 2009): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/196.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Youth involved in the child welfare system are at high risk for mental illness, substance abuse, and other behavioral health issues, which child welfare workers are expected to address through referrals. Child welfare workers (N=27) who participated in Project IMPROVE (Intervention for Multisector Provider Enhancement) reported on services they provided to youth (N=307) in their caseloads. Using survey and administrative data, this paper examines workers’ service actions on behalf of youth. Results were consistent with the Gateway Provider Model and showed that youths received help from a greater variety of service sectors when their workers were able to identify behavioral health problems, and were familiar with and connected to other providers in the community. Improving service delivery to youth in child welfare may be accomplished by training workers in the signs and symptoms of behavioral health problems and familiarizing them with providers in the community.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Colvin, Marianna L., e Heather M. Thompson. "Exploring the Experiences of Child Welfare-Focused Therapeutic Service Providers". Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 47, n.º 1 (18 de março de 2019): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11414-019-09654-8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mais fontes

Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Welfare providers"

Montoya, Karen. "Youth sexual exploitation training curriculum for child welfare service providers| A grant proposal". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1590136.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal seeking to fund the development of a curriculum that supports the needs of youth who have experienced or are at risk of, sexual exploitation. The proposal ultimately targets a potential host organization that could sustain and support the development of a curriculum and effectively reach the target population. The curriculum is intended to be used to train child welfare staff and group home service providers about the identifying markers and needs of sexually exploited youth. A literature review details the main causes, the biopsychosocial effects and what is being done to address the problem. Potential funding sources were reviewed. The proposal includes a needs assessment, implementation method, staffing, evaluation and budget narrative. The actual funding and submission of this grant proposal were not requirements for the successful completion of this project.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Dean, Kristin, Jon Ebert, Jennifer Lambert, Michele R. Moser e Janet Todd. "Expanding Evidence-Based Practice: A State-Wide Dissemination Effort Targeting Child Welfare Providers". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4968.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The child welfare system in the state of Tennessee has faced many challenges, including accessing best practice mental health treatment, particularly for youth experiencing traumatic stress. In response, five state-funded groups, who were created to provide support and consultation to the Department of Children’s Services, initiated a project to train agencies serving the child welfare system in the use of evidence-based treatment. The result of this multi-disciplinary collaboration, which included individuals from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network, was a state-wide dissemination and implementation program on the use of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. The presenter(s) will briefly outline the development of the project; discuss gaining support in both urban and rural underserved communities; and share important lessons learned.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Stephani, Josefine. "Privata utförares påverkan på kommunaluppföljning i Linköpings- ochEskilstunas kommun : En jämförande fallstudie av förekomsten avLagen om valfrihetssystem och dess påverkanpå uppföljning och utvärdering av hemtjänst ikommuners egen regi". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132170.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Sweden has during a long time gone through a change to a higher rate of private providers in welfare services. Due to this change the Swedish government, in 2013, conducted an investigation regarding the monitoring of private providers. The investigation presented a suggestion of a new law to encourage municipalities to have a more structured monitoring. The investigation also proclaimed a need to investigate further how the law could include even the services provided by the municipalities themselves. The investigation saw a need to make the law more neutral between the both forms of providers. The purpose of this paper is to compare the two municipalities Linköping and Eskilstuna and the presence of the Act on System of Choice in the Public Sector and how that affect the monitoring and evaluation of the home care services that is provided by the municipalities themselves. The method chosen for this paper is a comparative case study. In both cases people with central professions have been interviewed and documents related to monitoring have been studied. Given this material, an analysis and a discussion about the results have been made. The conclusion of this is that there is a difference in the monitoring and evaluation of home care service between the both municipalities. The results indicate that the municipality with a higher rate of private providers have a more thorough and structured monitoring of both private providers and the services provided by the municipality itself. The municipality which have had only one private provider in home care services do not use the same material for monitoring both private and municipal providers.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Martinell, Heather Marie. "DIFFERENT THERAPISTS, DIFFERENT OUTCOMES? DO REFERRALS TO DIFFERENT PROVIDERS IMPACT REUNIFICATION OF CHILD WELFARE CLIENTS?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/676.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Child welfare agencies are responsible for the overall care and custody of children removed from their caregivers due to substantiated child abuse allegations. After the children are removed it is standard department procedure to offer court mandated reunification services. The only exception of this is when parent’s rights are terminated. Both the parents and children are ordered services based on the needs of the family. These services include but are not limited to parenting classes, drug treatment, and therapeutic services. The purpose of this study is to examine whether families in different geographic areas, who are referred to different therapeutic providers, experience different reunification rates. The agency that provided the data for this study presumed that families in more affluent zip codes are more likely to be served by licensed therapists, while families in less affluent zip codes are more likely to be served by interns or unlicensed professionals, and that this difference in providers would lead to greater reunification rates in the more affluent zip code. The study used data collected from client case files at a local child welfare agency. This data included clients from two distinct zip codes - one more affluent and one less affluent - as well as basic demographic and outcome information on the client’s case. After data was gathered a chi square test was utilized to compare the outcomes for clients in the two zip codes. It was initially presumed that families in lower socioeconomic areas were referred to non-licensed therapeutic providers such as interns and this may have impacted their reunification. However, the analysis revealed that families in the less affluent area were more likely to reunify than families in the more affluent area. These results were statistically significant and support the first part of the agency’s hypothesis, that families in different zip codes experience different reunification rates. However, these findings do not support the agency’s hypothesis that families in more affluent zip codes have higher reunification rates. Rather this study found the opposite: that families in the less affluent zip code had higher reunification rates. Implications for social work practice and research are discussed.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Simpson, Joelle N. (Joelle Nicole-Johnson) 1973. "Dispatches from the front lines : tracking former welfare recipients and direct service providers in Massachusetts". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70319.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-95).
In August of 1996, welfare policy in the United States went through the most significant transformation since the New Deal. Once a theoretical notion and popular political agenda, welfare reform came to fruition in the United States with bipartisan support. President Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which made good on his promise to "change welfare as we know it". The Personal Responsibility Act mandates that welfare recipients can only receive benefits for a limited period of time, also, all nonexempt recipients must work for their benefits. Furthermore, the law gives individual states much more autonomy in creating their own welfare policy and in determining who is eligible for benefits. The federal government rewards states decreasing the number of families on welfare and for reducing the number of out-of-wedlock children born to women on welfare. The states are given the power to reduce the grant amount given to recipients who do not meet the work requirements and other regulations. Several states, like Massachusetts, have used this new found "autonomy" to create welfare reform rules that are more stringent than the regulations developed at the federal level. As clients make the transition off welfare, they encounter barriers and victories at three critical phases in the transition. Phase one is the period of time when the welfare recipient is still receiving Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF) benefits, but is scheduled to lose the benefits in less than 24 months. The second phase occurs during the recipient's first year without benefits. The final phase begins at the start of the former recipient's second year without benefits and lasts until the recipient is eligible for benefits again or achieves economic self-sufficiency. The welfare recipient's survival during each of the phases is dependent her strategy or approach to the transition, her level of preparation for the workforce, the support she receives from her family and advocate organizations, and her access to jobs and child care. Organizations that provide housing support can play a pivotal role in a TAFDC recipient's transition off welfare, since these organizations have the capacity to supply affordable housing and a "safety net" during each of the phases. As the number of "former" welfare recipients increases, it is imperative that policy makers and direct service providers uncover the barriers and successes that TAFDC recipients encounter as they journey from welfare dependency to a life without benefits. Equally significant is the need for an understanding of the welfare system from the perspective of the welfare recipient. The recipient's "bottom-up" perception sheds light on the complexities of the journey from welfare to a life without TANF benefits. If used properly, this knowledge can ensure that welfare reform becomes a policy that lifts poor families out of poverty instead of sentencing them to a life of low wages.
by Joelle N. Simpson.
M.C.P.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Ahmad, Ashfaq. "An investigation into programme factors and providers' perceptions at family welfare centres in Faisalabad district of Pakistan". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260790.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Cook, Jacqueline S. "With good intentions: Appalachian service providers in human services and community mental health". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76485.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This study is a self-assessment of a small group of Appalachian face-to-face service providers in human services and community mental health. It has evolved from their daily experiences. The purpose of the study has been to reflect back to these providers information about themselves. That reflection has been given in the form of an Adlerian life style analysis, a psychological assessment for individuals modified as assessment of a group. The reflected impression provided its own image for change and an opportunity for the participants to assess what impact, if any, their jobs might be having on other aspects of their lives. In the process of informing the participants about themselves, there has been the intent to give that same information to the people who come for services, supervisors, administrators, policy makers, and ultimately the community of academics and scholars. The author of this study functioned as a co-worker with the other participants, becoming a part of that system which she was observing. The job gave wide access for observation and work with the participants in a variety of settings. The primary interactions took place in the homes of families referred for alleged child abuse and neglect, to include sexual abuse. The methodology allowed the research effort to be one of exploration and evolution. Based on the notion expressed by Carol Ehrlich that people can do research for and about themselves rather than having others do it for them, it drew from several theorists, described in order of their use in the study: H.T.Wilson, Brian Fay, Alfred Adler, Stephen Fawcett, and George Gazda. Presenting one subjective view of reality, conclusions of the study pointed to unconscious guilt on the part of participants with respect to system inadequacies, marked by a desire to feel superior in the helping relationship or in the relationship with those perceived to have authority over them. Unaware of these feelings, and in the simple performance of their jobs, the participants help to perpetuate the systems in which they work and often purport to deplore.
Ph. D.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Robin, Blaine. "Exploring illness and social care management : comparing consumer perspectives of suffering and the challenges faced by service providers". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2010. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6368/.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This thesis as a case study explored the narratives of a convenience sample of four women with the disease known as lupus. The author used an ethnographic approach to investigate how these women coped and how service providers, including carers, met their needs. The author used participant observation in his role as Occupational Therapist (and son) to gain access to this sample. He asked them to keep written diaries about their day-to-day experiences of living with the illness. These diaries were later given to the author to read, study and analyse. Additionally, the author’s personal ethnography as a son was submitted as data for this study. This ethnographic writing centred on the life of one sole informant, his mother, who later died with the disease in hospital. Qualitative data analysis (QDA) techniques with grounded theory origins (Glaser and Strauss 1965,1967 and Charmaz 2007) was used to analyse the data. The techniques comprised of line-by-line analysis and coding, constant comparison of cases, thematic analysis, theoretical sampling and the development of framework tables. The study revealed a range of findings, which were later conceptualised into an ethnographic ontology of lupus. First, people encounter a daily struggle to cope with illness symptoms. Second, there was evidence of poor communication between the hospital ward staff (and carers) and failure for social workers to be the main advisor/counsellor of end of life care needs including missing referrals to hospice services. Health and social care professionals sometimes struggle to provide a basic level of service leading to a “know do” gap. This leads to an inconsistent level of end of life care for the individual and limited support for the identified carers. Narratives in diary form have a role to play in helping clinical teams develop meaningful insights into their life of their patients. Clinical teams in turn need to be forthright enough to develop “death covenants” for all patients (and their carers) with palliative care needs. Developing these tools and including them as intervention turn will lead to more cohesive practices within health and social care (Dean 1996, Dean and Melrose 1996, Mol 2008).

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Schwab, Lauren M. "Food Insecurity from the Providers' Perspective". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1368021811.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Morifi, Mahlodi Patience. "The impact of the Financing Policy for Developmental Social Welfare Services (1999) on service providers in Tembisa, Gauteng Province". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01252005-103017.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mais fontes

Livros sobre o assunto "Welfare providers"

Pieper, Jonas. New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Tennant, Margaret. Paupers and providers: Charitable aid in New Zealand. Wellington: Allen & Unwin : Historical Branch, 1989.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

African Network on Prevention and Protection against Child Abuse and Neglect. Child rights and child protection in Kenya: A manual for children's service providers. Nairobi: ANPPCAN, 2004.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Judith, Smith. Managing mixed financing of privately owned providers in the public interest. Wellington, N.Z: Institute of Policy Studies, 2010.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Making sense of federal dollars: A funding guide for social service providers. Washington, DC: Child Welfare League of America, 1994.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Janine, O'Flynn, ed. Rethinking public service delivery: Managing with external providers. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Lay, Suzanne. A child advocacy primer: Experience and advice from service providers, board leaders, children and families. Washington, DC: CWLA Press, 2012.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

The handbook of international adoption medicine: A guide for physicians, parents, and providers. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Greenberg, David H. Cost analysis step by step: A how-to guide for planners and providers of welfare-to-work and other employment and training programs. New York, N.Y: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation, 1998.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Jordan, Rita. Autistic spectrum disorders: A guide to services for children with autistic spectrum disorders for commissioners and providers. London: Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities, 2001.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mais fontes

Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Welfare providers"

Phillimore, Jenny, Hannah Bradby, Tilman Brand, Beatriz Padilla e Simon Pemberton. "Welfare providers as bricoleurs". In Exploring Welfare Bricolage in Europe’s Superdiverse Neighbourhoods, 149–76. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge advances in sociology: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003111504-8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Karlsen, Marry-Anne. "Healthcare providers as petty sovereigns". In Migration Control and Access to Welfare, 69–89. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003156598-6.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Pieper, Jonas. "Mapping Private Sector Providers". In New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State, 33–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8_3.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Miller, Chris. "A Mixed Economy of Welfare: A Plurality of Providers and a Diversity of Service User Relationships". In Producing Welfare, 49–70. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-3850-3_4.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Pieper, Jonas. "Power Resources of Private Sector Providers". In New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State, 63–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8_4.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Pieper, Jonas. "Private Sector Providers in Political Processes". In New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State, 107–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8_6.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Pieper, Jonas. "Private Sector Providers and Patterns of Privatization". In New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State, 85–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8_5.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Pieper, Jonas. "Private Sector Provider Power in Welfare State Politics". In New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State, 17–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8_2.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Behling, Felix. "Welfare beyond the State: Employers as Welfare Providers in Germany and the UK". In The Changing Worlds and Workplaces of Capitalism, 144–63. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137427083_8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Pieper, Jonas. "Introduction". In New Private Sector Providers in the Welfare State, 1–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62563-8_1.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Welfare providers"

Dierks, Ludwig, e Sven Seuken. "The Competitive Effects of Variance-based Pricing". In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/51.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

In many markets, like electricity or cloud computing markets, providers incur large costs for keeping sufficient capacity in reserve to accommodate demand fluctuations of a mostly fixed user base. These costs are significantly affected by the unpredictability of the users' demand. Nevertheless, standard mechanisms charge fixed per-unit prices that do not depend on the variability of the users' demand. In this paper, we study a variance-based pricing rule in a two-provider market setting and perform a game-theoretic analysis of the resulting competitive effects. We show that an innovative provider who employs variance-based pricing can choose a pricing strategy that guarantees himself a higher profit than using fixed per-unit prices for any individually rational response of a provider playing a fixed pricing strategy. We then characterize all equilibria for the setting where both providers use variance-based pricing strategies. We show that, in equilibrium, the providers' profits may increase or decrease, depending on their cost functions. However, social welfare always weakly increases.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Ettema, Roelof, Goran Gumze, Katja Heikkinen e Kirsty Marshall. "European Integrated Care Horizon 2020: increase societal participation; reduce care demands and costs". In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10175.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

BackgroundCare recipients in care and welfare are increasingly presenting themselves with complex needs (Huber et al., 2016). An answer to this is the integrated organization of care and welfare in a way that personalized care is the measure (Topol, 2016). The reality, however, is that care and welfare are still mainly offered in a standardized, specialized and fragmented way. This imbalance between the need for care and the supply of care not only leads to under-treatment and over-treatment and thus to less (experienced) quality, but also entails the risk of mis-treatment, which means that patient safety is at stake (Berwick, 2005). It also leads to a reduction in the functioning of citizens and unnecessary healthcare cost (Olsson et al, 2009).Integrated CareIntegrated care is the by fellow human beings experienced smooth process of effective help, care and service provided by various disciplines in the zero line, the first line, the second line and the third line in healthcare and welfare, as close as possible (Ettema et al, 2018; Goodwin et al, 2015). Integrated care starts with an extensive assessment with the care recipient. Then the required care and services in the zero line, the first line, the second line and / or the third line are coordinated between different care providers. The care is then delivered to the person (fellow human) at home or as close as possible (Bruce and Parry, 2015; Evers and Paulus, 2015; Lewis, 2015; Spicer, 2015; Cringles, 2002).AimSupport societal participation, quality of live and reduce care demand and costs in people with complex care demands, through integration of healthcare and welfare servicesMethods (overview)1. Create best healthcare and welfare practices in Slovenia, Poland, Austria, Norway, UK, Finland, The Netherlands: three integrated best care practices per involved country 2. Get insight in working mechanisms of favourable outcomes (by studying the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes) to enable personalised integrated care for meeting the complex care demand of people focussed on societal participation in all integrated care best practices.3. Disclose program design features and requirements regarding finance, governance, accountability and management for European policymakers, national policy makers, regional policymakers, national umbrella organisations for healthcare and welfare, funding organisations, and managers of healthcare and welfare organisations.4. Identify needs of healthcare and welfare deliverers for creating and supporting dynamic partnerships for integrating these care services for meeting complex care demands in a personalised way for the client.5. Studying desired behaviours of healthcare and welfare professionals, managers of healthcare and welfare organisations, members of involved funding organisations and national umbrella organisations for healthcare and welfare, regional policymakers, national policy makers and European policymakersInvolved partiesAlma Mater Europaea Maribor Slovenia, Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland, University Graz Austria, Kristiania University Oslo Norway, Salford University Manchester UK, University of Applied Sciences Turku Finland, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht The Netherlands (secretary), Rotterdam Stroke Service The Netherlands, Vilans National Centre of Expertise for Long-term Care The Netherlands, NIVEL Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, International Foundation of Integrated Care IFIC.References1. Berwick DM. The John Eisenberg Lecture: Health Services Research as a Citizen in Improvement. Health Serv Res. 2005 Apr; 40(2): 317–336.2. Bruce D, Parry B. Integrated care: a Scottish perspective. London J Prim Care (Abingdon). 2015; 7(3): 44–48.3. Cringles MC. Developing an integrated care pathway to manage cancer pain across primary, secondary and tertiary care. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2002 May 8;247279.4. Ettema RGA, Eastwood JG, Schrijvers G. Towards Evidence Based Integrated Care. International journal of integrated care 2018;18(s2):293. DOI: 10.5334/ijic.s22935. Evers SM, Paulus AT. Health economics and integrated care: a growing and challenging relationship. Int J Integr Care. 2015 Jun 17;15:e024.6. Goodwin N, Dixon A, Anderson G, Wodchis W. Providing integrated care for older people with complex needs: lessons from seven international case studies. King’s Fund London; 2014.7. Huber M, van Vliet M, Giezenberg M, Winkens B, Heerkens Y, Dagnelie PC, Knottnerus JA. Towards a 'patient-centred' operationalisation of the new dynamic concept of health: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open. 2016 Jan 12;6(1):e010091. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-0100918. Lewis M. Integrated care in Wales: a summary position. London J Prim Care (Abingdon). 2015; 7(3): 49–54.9. Olsson EL, Hansson E, Ekman I, Karlsson J. A cost-effectiveness study of a patient-centred integrated care pathway. 2009 65;1626–1635.10. Spicer J. Integrated care in the UK: variations on a theme? London J Prim Care (Abingdon). 2015; 7(3): 41–43.11. Topol E. (2016) The Patient Will See You Now. The Future of Medicine Is in Your Hands. New York: Basic Books.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Patil, Nilesh R., e Rajesh Dharmik. "Secured cloud architecture for cloud service provider". In 2016 World Conference on Futuristic Trends in Research and Innovation for Social Welfare (Startup Conclave). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/startup.2016.7583983.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Garg, Jugal, e Peter McGlaughlin. "Improving Nash Social Welfare Approximations". In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/42.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

We consider the problem of fairly allocating a set of indivisible goods among n agents. Various fairness notions have been proposed within the rapidly growing field of fair division, but the Nash social welfare (NSW) serves as a focal point. In part, this follows from the 'unreasonable' fairness guarantees provided, in the sense that a max NSW allocation meets multiple other fairness metrics simultaneously, all while satisfying a standard economic concept of efficiency, Pareto optimality. However, existing approximation algorithms fail to satisfy all of the remarkable fairness guarantees offered by a max NSW allocation, instead targeting only the specific NSW objective. We address this issue by presenting a 2 max NSW, Prop-1, 1/(2n) MMS, and Pareto optimal allocation in strongly polynomial time. Our techniques are based on a market interpretation of a fractional max NSW allocation. We present novel definitions of fairness concepts in terms of market prices, and design a new scheme to round a market equilibrium into an integral allocation that provides most of the fairness properties of an integral max NSW allocation.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Li, Zhuoshu, Neal Gupta, Sanmay Das e John P. Dickerson. "Equilibrium Behavior in Competing Dynamic Matching Markets". In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/54.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Rival markets like rideshare services, universities, and organ exchanges compete to attract participants, seeking to maximize their own utility at potential cost to overall social welfare. Similarly, individual participants in such multi-market systems also seek to maximize their individual utility. If entry is costly, they should strategically enter only a subset of the available markets. All of this decision making---markets competitively adapting their matching strategies and participants arriving, choosing which market(s) to enter, and departing from the system---occurs dynamically over time. This paper provides the first analysis of equilibrium behavior in dynamic competing matching market systems---first from the points of view of individual participants when market policies are fixed, and then from the points of view of markets when agents are stochastic. When compared to single markets running social-welfare-maximizing matching policies, losses in overall social welfare in competitive systems manifest due to both market fragmentation and the use of non-optimal matching policies. We quantify such losses and provide policy recommendations to help alleviate them in fielded systems.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Chang, Chun-Yu Wu. "From Nonprofit Organization to Social Enterprise - Case Study of Taiwan Lifeline International". In Japan International Business and Management Research Conference. RSF Press & RESEARCH SYNERGY FOUNDATION, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/jibm.v1i1.227.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The purpose of this study aims to explore the possibilities of Taiwan Lifeline International turning into a social enterprise to remediate the burden of scarce resources. The European and American countries provide their people with good welfare through the support of government resources and policy. However, after several financial recessions, the financial shortfall makes the governments rethink their welfare policy. "Nonprofit organizations" therefore start to play an important role in providing various services to people in need. Governments of different countries constantly provide resources and assistance to nonprofit organizations over the years. By the case study of Taiwan Lifeline International, conclusions with profound insight and some possible solutions can be helpful to nonprofit organizations encountering similar challenges. This study investigates the history of nonprofit organizations in social enterprise. The second part of this study continues with the case study of Taiwan Lifeline International, which provides insights on the challenges and possible solutions of the transformation process from nonprofit organizations to social enterprise.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Jessen, Asbjørn, e Anne Tietjen. "Reconfiguring welfare landscapes – A spatial typology". In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5963.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The post-war Danish social housing estates were a cornerstone in the construction of the Danish welfare society. Green open spaces played a central role in creating a framework for “the good life” in the many new social housing estates, which is why we propose to call them welfare landscapes. Today, these welfare landscapes are facing new challenges such as social segregation, extreme rainfall caused by climate change and changing uses. Therefore, they are increasingly being transformed, yet often with little or no interest for their existing spatial qualities. The welfare landscapes are insufficiently researched and knowledge about their spatial characteristics needs to be developed and communicated to preserve their inherited spatial qualities and to use these qualities as a resource for developing contemporary welfare landscapes. This paper aims to contribute to understanding the spatial characteristics and qualities of Danish welfare landscapes in order to create a better basis for their reconfiguration. Based on typo-morphological case studies of three social housing areas in the metropolitan area of Copenhagen this paper proposes a preliminary spatial typology of welfare landscapes from the small scale of the individual green space to the territorial scale. This typology will provide a basis to explore possible future development scenarios for Danish welfare landscapes through research-by-design.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Koç, Özgür Emre. "Health Expenditures in Transition Economies within the Framework of Welfare State". In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00957.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Within the historical framework the public sector has attached a special importance at presenting health services which have priority in cultural and economic areas of society. Being healthy of each citizen in the society contributes to progress and development of the society. It is well known that one of the fields of activities of public sector is to increase welfare of its citizens. States are adopting policies within their own economic structure to realize social welfare. Particularly after II. World War, these policies have gained a new dimension with the developing understanding of welfare state. The concept of welfare state is based on active and comprehensive interferences of state to economy with the aim of providing social prosperity to its citizens with maximum advantage. The welfare state, with its institutionalizing structure, has been an important instrument for social politicises towards social services and combating against poverty. The fundamental chracter of a social welfare state is to present circumtances which enhance life conditions of each citizens and to provide full employment with expenses on social security, health and education. In this study it is aimed to analyze health expenditures of countries, known as transition economies and they are still in their transition period, within the framework of public services providing by a welfare state. A comparison will be made the data on health expenditures in developed economies and evaluating the results.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Barron, Stacy, MarySue V. Heilemann, Rebecca N. Dudovitz e David L. Richards. "“Having to MacGyver it”: Provider Perceptions of Barriers and Facilitators to Sexual and Reproductive Health Care for Welfare-Involved Youth." In AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.88.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Robertas VAITKUS, Robertas VAITKUS, e Asta VASILIAUSKAITĖ. "FINANCIAL SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMICS WELFARE". In International Scientific Conference „Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2021.585.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Abstract. Purpose – to describe financial security assurance models and assess the possibilities of using them to solve problems to ensure economics welfare. Research methodology – analytic, systematic, generalization and comparative methods are used in this article. Findings – the content of the financial security concept is revealed at the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels, while examining how the selection and implementation of appropriate financial security measures can contribute to sustainable economic prosperity. Research limitations – the consequences of the implementation of the financial security models analyzed in this article are commented on assessing the peculiarities of one country’s national legal system. Practical implications – appropriate solutions for maintaining financial security provided in the strategies of creating economics welfare can help to decrease social exclusion, risks and negative effects of economic crises. Originality/Value – in the article was formulated theoretical models of financial security assurance. The use of these models or combinations of models at microeconomic and macroeconomic levels to incorporate financial security instruments allows policy makers to have a universal toolkit in their arsenal. This enables not only to make decisions more quickly, but also to solve the problems of ensuring economics welfare in a more systematic way.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Welfare providers"

Oviedo, Daniel, Daniel Perez Jaramillo e Mariajosé Nieto. Governance and Regulation of Ride-hailing Services in Emerging Markets: Challenges, Experiences and Implications. Inter-American Development Bank, agosto de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003579.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This paper seeks to shed some light on the different considerations for regulation and governance of ride-hailing platforms in emerging markets, highlighting their positive and negative externalities. Building on an extensive review of the literature and secondary sources, we outline Ride-hailing's identified and potential effects on users (providers and consumers), incumbents, and society. Based on the welfare impacts structure, we identify the significant challenges that regulators face in understanding, monitoring, evaluating, and regulating this type of transportation innovation. Finally, the paper proposes a framework for approaching such mobility innovations from governance and regulation perspectives. In a context of exponential growth in research and innovation in urban mobility in general and Ride-hailing, a rigorous review of the literature and a critical framework for understanding governance and regulation in such services in rapidly changing contexts is a timely contribution.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Witte, Ann Dryden, e Magaly Queralt. Impacts of Eligibility Expansions and Provider Reimbursement Rate Increases on Child Care Subsidy Take-Up Rates, Welfare Use and Work. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, maio de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9693.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

P., DALLA VILLA. Overcoming the impact of COVID-19 on animal welfare: COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), outubro de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2020.nf.3137.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) represents 182 countries with a focus on animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health. The OIE has several Collaborating Centres that support the work of the organisation. The Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘Giuseppe Caporale’ (IZSAM) is the Secretariat for the OIE Collaborating Centre Network on Veterinary Emergencies (EmVetNet). In April 2020, the IZSAM initiated a COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. The working group represented the EmVetNet Collaborating Centres, international institutions, veterinary associations, authorities and animal welfare organisations. Lincoln Memorial University College of Veterinary Medicine recruited summer research students whom catalogued over 1,200 animal welfare related reports and provided 64 report narratives for the working group. IZSAM launched the EmVetNet website (https://emvetnet.izs.it) for public and private exchange of information, materials, and guidelines related to veterinary emergencies. The EmVetNet COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare continues to meet to address emerging issues, strengthen the network for future emergencies, and share information with stakeholders including national Veterinary Services responding to the epidemic.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Keane, Claire, Karina Doorley e Dora Tuda. COVID-19 and the Irish welfare system. ESRI, junho de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/bp202201.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

COVID-19 had, and continues to have, a strong negative effect on incomes in Ireland due to widespread job losses as the measures put in place to slow the spread of the disease resulted in severe economic restrictions. Despite the existence of unemployment supports, additional income supports were introduced to protect incomes. As public health restrictions lift and the economy recovers, we face the withdrawal of such supports. We examine these supports and the role they played in supporting incomes. By profiling those who benefitted most from the new schemes, we highlight the groups most at risk of significant income losses as they wind down. We consider what gaps in the social welfare system necessitated the introduction of such schemes in the first place, along with potential future policy changes to ensure that the social welfare system can provide adequate income protection and financial incentives to work as we emerge from the COVID-19 crisis.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Talukder, Md, Ubaidur Rob, A. K. M. Zafar Khan, Forhana Noor, Shongkour Roy e Afsana Noor. Union Health and Family Welfare Centers in Chittagong and Munshiganj: Are they ready to provide 24-hour normal delivery services? Population Council, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh9.1073.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Finnsson, Páll Tómas. Housing markets and housing policy in the Nordics. Nordregio, abril de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/wp2021:1.1403-2511.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The Nordic Economic Policy Review (NEPR) is an annual publication presenting some of the latest and cutting-edge research into selected topics of economic policy. This year’s edition dives into the Nordic housing markets, examining some of the key policy mechanisms behind the rapidly rising housing prices, as well as the impacts on social welfare and social and ethnic segregation. The theme is selected by the NEPR steering group, which consists of representatives from the Nordic Ministries of Finance, Nordregio, and the NEPR editor. This publication provides a short summary of the five NEPR 2021 articles, which seek to answer the following questions: André Anundsen: What is the prevalence of house price bubbles in the Nordics? Erlend Eide Bø: Do buy-to-let investments lead to higher housing prices? Mats Bergman and Sten Nyberg: What explains the large increase in the relative cost of construction? Niku Määttänen: How can housing taxation improve social welfare? Essi Eerola: How do Nordic housing policies affect affordability and integration?

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Latzman, Natasha E., Cecilia Casanueva e Melissa Dolan. Defining and understanding the Scope of Child Sexual Abuse: Challenges and Opportunities. RTI Press, novembro de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0044.1711.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The enormous individual, familial, and societal burden of child sexual abuse has underscored the need to address the problem from a public health framework. Much work remains, however, at the first step of this framework — defining and understanding the scope of the problem, or establishing incidence and prevalence estimates. In this occasional paper, we provide an overview of the ways researchers have defined and estimated the scope of child sexual abuse, focusing on agency tabulations and large-scale surveys conducted over the last several decades. More precise estimates of the number of children affected by child sexual abuse would improve the ability of the public health, child welfare, pediatrics, and other communities to prevent and respond to the problem. We recommend using a comprehensive surveillance system to assess and track the scope of child sexual abuse. This system should be grounded by common definitional elements and draw from multiple indicators and sources to estimate the prevalence of a range of sexually abusive experiences.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Suh, Jooyeoun, Changa Dorji, Valerie Mercer-Blackman e Aimee Hampel-Milagrosa. Valuing Unpaid Care Work in Bhutan. Asian Development Bank, novembro de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200065-2.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

A growing body of scholarly literature has attempted to measure and value unpaid care work in various countries, but perhaps only the government statistical agencies in the United States and the United Kingdom have seriously undertaken periodic and systematic measures of the time spent on unpaid work at the national level, and partially incorporated those values into their gross domestic product(GDP). One country that has been ahead of its time on aspects of societal welfare measurement is Bhutan, which produces the Gross National Happiness (GNH) Index. However, until the first GNH Survey, in 2008, Bhutan did not have any sense of the size and distribution of unpaid work, despite its strong societal norms about the value of volunteering and community work. This paper is the first to estimate the value of unpaid care work in Bhutan. It shows the pros and cons of various approaches and their equivalent measures of unpaid care work as a share of GDP. As with similar studies on the topic, this paper also finds that women spend more than twice as much time as men performing unpaid care work, regardless of their income, age, residency, or number of people in the household. The paper also provides recommendations for improving the measurement of unpaid care work in Bhutan.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Nolan, Brian, Brenda Gannon, Richard Layte, Dorothy Watson, Christopher T. Whelan e James Williams. Monitoring Poverty Trends in Ireland: Results from the 2000 Living in Ireland survey. ESRI, julho de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/prs45.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This study is the latest in a series monitoring the evolution of poverty, based on data gathered by The ESRI in the Living in Ireland Surveys since 1994. These have allowed progress towards achieving the targets set out in the National Anti Poverty Strategy since 1997 to be assessed. The present study provides an updated picture using results from the 2000 round of the Living in Ireland survey. The numbers interviewed in the 2000 Living in Ireland survey were enhanced substantially, to compensate for attrition in the panel survey since it commenced in 1994. Individual interviews were conducted with 8,056 respondents. Relative income poverty lines do not on their own provide a satisfactory measure of exclusion due to lack of resources, but do nonetheless produce important key indicators of medium to long-term background trends. The numbers falling below relative income poverty lines were most often higher in 2000 than in 1997 or 1994. The income gap for those falling below these thresholds also increased. By contrast, the percentage of persons falling below income lines indexed only to prices (rather than average income) since 1994 or 1997 fell sharply, reflecting the pronounced real income growth throughout the distribution between then and 2000. This contrast points to the fundamental factors at work over this highly unusual period: unemployment fell very sharply and substantial real income growth was seen throughout the distribution, including social welfare payments, but these lagged behind income from work and property so social welfare recipients were more likely to fall below thresholds linked to average income. The study shows an increasing probability of falling below key relative income thresholds for single person households, those affected by illness or disability, and for those who are aged 65 or over - many of whom rely on social welfare support. Those in households where the reference person is unemployed still face a relatively high risk of falling below the income thresholds but continue to decline as a proportion of all those below the lines. Women face a higher risk of falling below those lines than men, but this gap was marked among the elderly. The study shows a marked decline in deprivation levels across different household types. As a result consistent poverty, that is the numbers both below relative income poverty lines and experiencing basic deprivation, also declined sharply. Those living in households comprising one adult with children continue to face a particularly high risk of consistent poverty, followed by those in families with two adults and four or more children. The percentage of adults in households below 70 per cent of median income and experiencing basic deprivation was seen to have fallen from 9 per cent in 1997 to about 4 per cent, while the percentage of children in such households fell from 15 per cent to 8 per cent. Women aged 65 or over faced a significantly higher risk of consistent poverty than men of that age. Up to 2000, the set of eight basic deprivation items included in the measure of consistent poverty were unchanged, so it was important to assess whether they were still capturing what would be widely seen as generalised deprivation. Factor analysis suggested that the structuring of deprivation items into the different dimensions has remained remarkably stable over time. Combining low income with the original set of basic deprivation indicators did still appear to identify a set of households experiencing generalised deprivation as a result of prolonged constraints in terms of command over resources, and distinguished from those experiencing other types of deprivation. However, on its own this does not tell the whole story - like purely relative income measures - nor does it necessarily remain the most appropriate set of indicators looking forward. Finally, it is argued that it would now be appropriate to expand the range of monitoring tools to include alternative poverty measures incorporating income and deprivation. Levels of deprivation for some of the items included in the original basic set were so low by 2000 that further progress will be difficult to capture empirically. This represents a remarkable achievement in a short space of time, but poverty is invariably reconstituted in terms of new and emerging social needs in a context of higher societal living standards and expectations. An alternative set of basic deprivation indicators and measure of consistent poverty is presented, which would be more likely to capture key trends over the next number of years. This has implications for the approach adopted in monitoring the National Anti-Poverty Strategy. Monitoring over the period to 2007 should take a broader focus than the consistent poverty measure as constructed to date, with attention also paid to both relative income and to consistent poverty with the amended set of indicators identified here.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Oferecemos descontos em todos os planos premium para autores cujas obras estão incluídas em seleções literárias temáticas. Contate-nos para obter um código promocional único!