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Kaiser, Martin F., Nuria Porta, Bhupinder Sharma, Daniel Levine, Dow-Mu Koh, Kevin Boyd, Charlotte Pawlyn et al. "Prospective comparison of whole body MRI and FDG PET/CT for detection of multiple myeloma and correlation with markers of disease burden: Results of the iTIMM trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, n.º 15_suppl (20 de maio de 2021): 8012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.8012.
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8012 Background: Early and sensitive detection of bone marrow disease and stratified patient management according to clinical risk can confer survival advantages in multiple myeloma (MM). Whole body MRI (WB MRI) and Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT are included in international guidelines for imaging in patients with a suspected diagnosis of MM. However prospective studies comparing detection of MM by contemporary WB MRI as per recent MY-RADS consensus against FDG PET/CT are lacking. We report here protocol-defined endpoints from the prospective iTIMM (NCT02403102) study, comparing WB MRI and PET/CT, their relationship with serum and bone marrow estimates of disease burden, as well as molecular tumor characteristics. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed MM or at first relapse planned to receive chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation were enrolled in iTIMM. Matched baseline WB MRI and FDG PET/CT were performed and baseline clinical data including tumor genetics collected. Scans were double reported for presence of focal and diffuse disease by expert MRI and PET/CT radiologists, blinded to each other’s assessment. Paired methods were used to compare burden and patterns of disease on WB MRI compared to FDG PET/CT at baseline. Primary and secondary trial endpoints include relationship between post-treatment WB MRI response and progression-free survival, for which follow-up is ongoing. Exploratory endpoints include comparison of baseline WB MRI and PET/CT and their correlation with laboratory parameters, for which data is complete and reported here. Results: From May 2015 to March 2018, sixty patients (35 male; mean age 60 years) underwent baseline WB MRI as per MY-RADS consensus and FDG PET/CT. At least one focal lesion was detected in 50/60 patients (83.3%) by WB MRI and in 36/60 patients (60%) by PET/CT. WB MRI was more sensitive ( P< 0.05) across anatomical regions except for ribs and cervical spine. Four patients in our study showed two or more focal lesions ≥5 mm only on WB MRI but not PET/CT. All lesions detected by WB MRI but not PET/CT resolved in follow-up scans after treatment, excluding false positives. In 49/60 (81.7%) patients, diffuse disease was detected by WB MRI, compared to 10/60 (16.7%) by PET-CT; WB MRI was more sensitive across all anatomical areas ( P< 0.05). Plasma cell infiltration and paraprotein levels were significantly higher for patients with diffuse disease on WB MRI, but not on PET/CT. All genetically high-risk tumours, defined by t(4;14), t(14;16), del(1p), gain(1q) or del(17p), showed diffuse infiltration on WB MRI. Conclusions: WB MRI increases detection of focal and diffuse disease compared with FDG PET/CT, including improved detection of focal lesions meeting criteria for active disease as per International Myeloma Working Group diagnostic criteria, proposing it as a gold standard for tumor imaging in MM. Clinical trial information: NCT02403102.
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Chen, Ying, Duanwei He, Jiaqian Qin, Zili Kou, Shanmin Wang e Jianghua Wang. "Ultrahigh-pressure densification of nanocrystalline WB ceramics". Journal of Materials Research 25, n.º 4 (abril de 2010): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0082.
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Phase-pure nanostructured WB ceramics are hot pressed at ultrahigh pressures of 1.0 to 3.0 GPa and high temperatures of 700 to 1000 °C (UHPHT) for 60 min. The UHPHT samples are nanograin size from 15 to 40 nm. Our experimental observation shows that ultrahigh pressure could improve densification, and the density of WB samples could reach 99.4% of theoretical. The comparative experiments carried out at ambient pressure and temperatures of 550 to 1100 °C for 60 min indicate that the external pressure was favorable for phase-pure and highly dense WB formation. In addition, the UHPHT samples give a high hardness value of 28.9 ± 0.8 GPa.
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Thodis, Panagiotis, Ioanna S. Kosma, Konstantinos Nesseris, Anastasia V. Badeka e Michael G. Kontominas. "Evaluation of a New Bulk Packaging Container for the Ripening of Feta Cheese". Foods 12, n.º 11 (28 de maio de 2023): 2176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12112176.
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In the present study, the quality characteristics of Feta cheese were investigated as a function of the packaging container (a stainless-steel tank (SST), a wooden barrel (WB), and a tin can (TC)) and ripening time. The results showed that the Feta cheese’s pH, moisture, and lactose decreased, while fat, protein, and salt increased (p < 0.05) during ripening with SST and WB, showing similar behaviors versus that of the TC container. For the proteolysis indices, % TN,% WSN, 12% TCA, and 5% PTA showed the highest values (p < 0.05) for cheeses packaged in WB, followed by those in SST and TC, with all increasing (p < 0.05) during ripening. The most abundant odor-active volatiles were free fatty acids, alcohols, and esters following the order SST > WB > TC on day 60. On day 60, the cheeses packaged in SST and WB showed higher (p < 0.05) hardness and fracturability values, as well as aroma scores, compared to those in TC, with both parameter values increasing with the ripening time.
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Le Bris, Yannick, Berger Florian, Audrey Menard, Thierry Guillaume, Pierre Peterlin, Alice Garnier, Laurence Lode et al. "Engraftment of Donor Cells after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Comparison and Impact of Chimerism in Whole Blood and Peripheral CD3+ T-Cells". Blood 128, n.º 22 (2 de dezembro de 2016): 5866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.5866.5866.
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Abstract Introduction: After allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), engraftment can be assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using differing donor/recipient markers (Alizadeh et al. Blood, 2002), identified in peripheral blood DNA cells before transplant. We report here on the concomitant examination of the proportions of donor and recipient DNA in peripheral whole blood (WB) and sorted CD3+ T-cells on days +60 and +90, looking at their impact on survival. Patients, material and methods: This monocentric study evaluated the impact on outcomes of early WB and sorted CD3+ T cells chimerism independently and of the four possible combinations of chimerism between WB and sorted CD3+ T-cells. All follow-up chimerism samples from allo-SCT patients performed in adults at Nantes University Hospital between October 2009 and October 2016 were reviewed, focusing on those where both PB and/or CD3+ T-cells were evaluated on days +60 (45-75) and/or +90 (75-120) after allo-SCT. A global cohort of 229 patients (239 grafts) was retrieved, which includes 52 patients evaluable on day +60 only, 67 evaluable on day +90 only and 120 evaluable on both days +60 and +90. A threshold of >95% donor DNA was considered for complete chimerism. Disease free survival (DFS) was calculated from the date of graft until relapse, death or last follow-up. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of graft until death or last follow-up. Chi square tests were used to compare incidences. Log rang test and Kaplan Meier were used to evaluate DFS and OS. Results: The whole cohort comprised 62% males and had a median age of 58 years old (20-74) at the time of allo-SCT. Patients were treated for myeloid-lineage disease in 59% of the cases. Reduced-intensity conditioning was used in 89% (n=212), donors were familial in 45% (n=107), registry in 48% (n=114). Unrelated cord blood units were used in 8% of the cases (n=18). Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) was performed in 48 procedures including 33 and 15 with haplo (HG) and matched donors respectively. Considering the 239 allograft procedures, the median follow-up was 5.8 years (95% CI: 3.1-5.8), the rate of relapse 27% and the rate of death 31%. Complete WB chimerism was observed for 80% and 71% of the cases on day +60 and day +90 respectively. Complete CD3+ chimerism was present for 53% and 51% of the grafts at days +30 and +90 respectively. Thus, cases displaying both complete WB and CD3+ chimerism on days +60 and +90 were 53% and 51% respectively, while 27% and 20% were documented with full WB and mixed CD3+ chimerism on days +60 and +90. Mixed chimerism was observed in both WB and CD3+ cells in 14% of the cases on day +60 and 22% on day +90. Finally, a small proportion of patients (6% and 7% at days +60 and +90) displayed an intriguing complete chimerism in CD3+ cells yet mixed WB chimerism. None of these features appeared associated to disease lineage (lymphoid or myeloid) nor cord blood allo-SCT. Interestingly, of the 27 grafts with myeloablative conditioning, only 14 had full WB/CD3+ engraftment on day +60 or +90, and thus all 27 were retained for the study. None of the four WB/CD3 chimerism combinations at the two times considered had an impact on DFS in this cohort. Surprisingly, although full or mixed WB chimerism had no impact on DFS and OS at days +60 and +90, the presence of a mixed CD3+ chimerism (vs full) at day+90 was associated with a significantly better OS (median: 5.8 months years [95%CI: -not reached] versus 3.1 years [95%CI: 2.2- 3.1]; p=0.025). CD3+ chimerism at day+60 has no impact on OS. All HG resulted in full CD3+ chimerism at both time points compared to non HG (100% vs 52%, p<0.0001). The same was almost true when considering PTCY procedures: 90% at day+60 and 92% at day +90. Of note, there was no influence on DFS nor OS of WB or CD3+ chimerism status when considering only HG or PTCY grafts vs others in this series. Discussion: In this large series, early WB chimerism status did not predict outcome. Surprisingly, mixed CD3+ chimerism at day+90 appears to be significantly associated with a longer OS, suggesting that remaining recipient memory lymphocytes could be beneficial. This result has to be confirmed prospectively. It remains also to define the place of donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) to prevent relapse in patients with full or mixed CD3+ chimerism post-transplant (analyses of DLI received in our patients are on-going). Disclosures Moreau: Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria.
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Jiménez-Pulido, Iván Jesús, Daniel Rico, Daniel De Luis e Ana Belén Martín-Diana. "Combined Strategy Using High Hydrostatic Pressure, Temperature and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Development of Fibre-Rich Ingredients from Oat and Wheat By-Products". Foods 13, n.º 3 (24 de janeiro de 2024): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13030378.
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Wheat bran (WB) and oat hull (OH) are two interesting undervalued cereal processing sources rich in total dietary fibre (TDF) and other associated bioactive compounds, such as β-glucans and polyphenols. The aim of this study was to optimise a combination chemical (enzymes) and physical (high hydrostatic pressure-temperature) strategies to increase the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds naturally bound to the bran and hull outer layers. WB and OH were hydrolysed using food-grade enzymes (UltraFloXL and Viscoferm, for WB and OH, respectively) in combination with HPP at different temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and hydrolysis either before or after HPP. Proximal composition, phytic acid, β-glucans, total phenolics (TPs) and total antioxidant activity (TAC) were evaluated to select the processing conditions for optimal nutritional and bioactive properties of the final ingredients. The application of the hydrolysis step after the HPP treatment resulted in lower phytic acid levels in both matrices (WB and OH). On the other hand, the release of β-glucan was more effective at the highest temperature (70 °C) used during pressurisation. After the treatment, the TP content ranged from 756.47 to 1395.27 µmol GAE 100 g−1 in WB, and OH showed values from 566.91 to 930.45 µmol GAE 100 g−1. An interaction effect between the temperature and hydrolysis timing (applied before or after HPP) was observed in the case of OH. Hydrolysis applied before HPP was more efficient in releasing OH TPs at lower HPP temperatures (40–50 °C); meanwhile, at higher HPP temperatures (60–70 °C), hydrolysis yielded higher TP values when applied after HPP. This effect was not observed in WB, where the hydrolysis was more effective before HPP. The TP results were significantly correlated with the TAC values. The results showed that the application of optimal process conditions (hydrolysis before HPP at 60 or 70 °C for WB; hydrolysis after HPP at 70 °C for OH) can increase the biological value of the final ingredients obtained.
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Fiorilli, Giovanni, Federico Quinzi, Andrea Buonsenso, Giusy Casazza, Luigi Manni, Attilio Parisi, Alfonso Di Costanzo, Giuseppe Calcagno, Marzia Soligo e Alessandra di Cagno. "A Single Session of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Increases Muscle Strength, Endurance and proNGF in Early Parkinson Patients". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 10 (20 de maio de 2021): 5499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105499.
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients lead a sedentary lifestyle, being unable or unwilling to exercise conventionally, due to physical and mental limitations. The aim of this study was to assess the acute effects of a single session of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on the physical performances and serum levels of the neurotrophic factors in PD patients. Ten subjects (aged 72.60 ± 6.82) underwent 20 min of physical activity with superimposed WB-EMS and, after four weeks, the same protocol with no WB-EMS. WB-EMS was conducted with intermittent stimulation, with 4 s WB-EMS/4 s rest, at 85 Hz, 350 μs. A physical fitness assessment and blood samples collection, to evaluate neurotrophic factors’ levels (BDNF, FGF21, proNGF, mNGF), were collected before and after the intervention. The RM-ANOVA showed significant improvements in sit-to-stand (p < 0.01), arm curl (p < 0.01), handgrip (p < 0.01) and soda pop test (p < 0.01) after the WB-EMS intervention. Higher proNFG serum levels were observed in the WB-EMS condition compared to the no WB-EMS after 60 min post-intervention (p = 0.0163). The effect of WB-EMS confirmed the electrostimulation ability to modulate the proNGF quantity. The positive impact of the WB-EMS protocol on physical functioning, and eye–hand coordination, makes this intervention a promising strategy to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD patients.
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Friesen, Brian J., Martin P. Poirier, Dallon T. Lamarche, Andrew W. D’Souza, Jung-Hyun Kim, Sean R. Notley e Glen P. Kenny. "Postexercise whole-body sweating increases during muscle metaboreceptor activation in young men". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 43, n.º 4 (abril de 2018): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0675.
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We assessed the effect of metaboreceptor activation on whole-body evaporative heat loss (WB-EHL) in 12 men (aged 24 ± 4 years) in the early-to-late stages of a 60-min exercise recovery in the heat. Metaboreceptor activation induced by 1-min isometric-handgrip (IHG) exercise followed by 5-min forearm ischemia to trap metabolites increased WB-EHL by 25%–31% and 26%–34% during the ischemic period relative to IHG-only and control (natural recovery only), respectively, throughout recovery. We show that metaboreceptor activation enhances WB-EHL in recovery.
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Greene, Sarah E., Yuefang Huang, Kurt C. Curtis, Christopher L. King, Peter U. Fischer e Gary J. Weil. "IgG4 antibodies to the recombinant filarial antigen Wb-Bhp-1 decrease dramatically following treatment of lymphatic filariasis". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, n.º 6 (7 de junho de 2023): e0011364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011364.
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Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease and a major cause of chronic disability. Improved diagnostic tests are needed because of long-term persistence of anti-filarial antibodies or circulating filarial antigenemia after treatments that clear microfilaremia. Here, we assess changes in levels of antibodies to the recombinant filarial antigens Wb-Bhp-1, Wb123, and Bm14 after anti-filarial treatment. Methodology/principal findings IgG4 antibodies to recombinant filarial antigens were assessed by ELISA. We tested serial plasma samples from a clinical trial in Papua New Guinea. Before treatment, 90%, 71% and 99% of participants had antibodies to Wb-Bhp-1, Wb123, and Bm14, respectively. Antibodies to Wb-Bhp-1 and Wb123, but not Bm14, were significantly higher in participants with persistent microfilaremia 24 months after treatment. Antibodies to all three antigens declined significantly by 60 months after treatment with ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine and albendazole despite circulating filarial antigen in 76% of participants. By 60 months follow up, antibodies to Wb-Bhp-1, Wb123, and Bm14 were detected in 17%, 7% and 90% of participants, respectively. Antibodies to Wb-Bhp-1 also declined more rapidly after treatment than antibodies to Bm14 in samples from a clinical trial conducted in Sri Lanka. We also tested archived serum samples from people living in filariasis-endemic communities in Egypt with different infection profiles. Antibodies to Wb-Bhp-1 were detected in 73% of microfilaremic people, 53% of amicrofilaremic people with circulating filarial antigen, and 17.5% of endemic individuals without microfilaria or circulating filarial antigen. Tests performed with legacy samples from India showed that few people with filarial lymphedema had antibodies to these recombinant antigens. Conclusions Antibodies to Wb-Bhp-1 and Wb123 are more closely correlated with persistent microfilaremia than circulating filarial antigenemia or antibodies to Bm14, and they clear more rapidly after anti-filarial treatment. Additional studies are needed to assess the value of Wb-Bhp-1 serology as a tool for determining the success of LF elimination efforts.
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Kemmler, Wolfgang, Anja Weissenfels, Michael Bebenek, Michael Fröhlich, Heinz Kleinöder, Matthias Kohl e Simon von Stengel. "Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation on Low Back Pain in People with Chronic Unspecific Dorsal Pain: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data from Randomized Controlled WB-EMS Trials". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8480429.
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In order to evaluate the favorable effect of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on low back pain (LBP), an aspect which is frequently claimed by commercial providers, we performed a meta-analysis of individual patient data. The analysis is based on five of our recently conducted randomized controlled WB-EMS trials with adults 60 years+, all of which applied similar WB-EMS protocols (1.5 sessions/week, bipolar current, 16–25 min/session, 85 Hz, 350 μs, and 4–6 s impulse/4 s impulse-break) and used the same pain questionnaire. From these underlying trials, we included only subjects with frequent-chronic LBP in the present meta-analysis. Study endpoints were pain intensity and frequency at the lumbar spine. In summary, 23 participants of the underlying WB-EMS and 22 subjects of the control groups (CG) were pooled in a joint WB-EMS and CG. At baseline, no group differences with respect to LBP intensity and frequency were observed. Pain intensity improved significantly in the WB-EMS (p<.001) and was maintained (p=.997) in the CG. LBP frequency decreased significantly in the WB-EMS (p<.001) and improved nonsignificantly in the CG (p=.057). Group differences for both LBP parameters were significant (p≤.035). We concluded that WB-EMS appears to be an effective training tool for reducing LBP; however, RCTs should further address this issue with more specified study protocols.
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Dominelli, Paolo B., Yannick Molgat-Seon, Derek Bingham, Philippa M. Swartz, Jeremy D. Road, Glen E. Foster e A. William Sheel. "Dysanapsis and the resistive work of breathing during exercise in healthy men and women". Journal of Applied Physiology 119, n.º 10 (15 de novembro de 2015): 1105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00409.2015.
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We asked if the higher work of breathing (Wb) during exercise in women compared with men is explained by biological sex. We created a statistical model that accounts for both the viscoelastic and the resistive components of the total Wb and independently compares the effects of biological sex. We applied the model to esophageal pressure-derived Wb values obtained during an incremental cycle test to exhaustion. Subjects were healthy men ( n = 17) and women ( n = 18) with a range of maximal aerobic capacities (V̇o2 max range: men = 40-68 and women = 39–60 ml·kg−1·min−1). We also calculated the dysanapsis ratio using measures of lung recoil and forced expiratory flow as index of airway caliber. By applying the model we found that the differences in the total Wb during exercise in women are due to a higher resistive Wb rather than viscoelastic Wb. We also found that the higher resistive Wb is independently explained by biological sex. To account for the known effect of lung volumes on the dysanapsis ratio we compared the sexes with an analysis of covariance procedures and found that when vital capacity was accounted for the adjusted mean dysanapsis ratio is statistically lower in women (0.17 vs. 0.25 arbitrary units; P < 0.05). Our collective findings suggest that innate sex-based differences may exist in human airways, which result in significant male-female differences in the Wb during exercise in healthy subjects.
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Blondeel, Joris, Nicholas Gilbo, Veerle Heedfeld, Tine Wylin, Louis Libbrecht, Ina Jochmans, Jacques Pirenne, Hannelie Korf e Diethard Monbaliu. "The Distinct Innate Immune Response of Warm Ischemic Injured Livers during Continuous Normothermic Machine Perfusion". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n.º 16 (16 de agosto de 2023): 12831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612831.
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Although normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) provides superior preservation of liver grafts compared to static cold storage and allows for viability testing of high-risk grafts, its effect on the liver immune compartment remains unclear. We investigated the innate immune response during 6 h of continuous NMP (cNMP) of livers that were directly procured (DP, n = 5) or procured after 60 min warm ischemia (WI, n = 5), followed by 12 h of whole blood (WB) reperfusion. WI livers showed elevated transaminase levels during cNMP but not after WB reperfusion. Perfusate concentrations of TNF-α were lower in WI livers during cNMP and WB reperfusion, whereas IL-8 concentrations did not differ significantly. TGF-β concentrations were higher in WI livers during NMP but not after WB reperfusion, whereas IL-10 concentrations were similar. Endoplasmic stress and apoptotic signaling were increased in WI livers during cNMP but not after WB reperfusion. Additionally, neutrophil mobilization increased to a significantly lesser extent in WI livers at the end of NMP. In conclusion, WI livers exhibit a distinct innate immune response during cNMP compared to DP livers. The cytokine profile shifted towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype during cNMP and WB reperfusion, and pro-apoptotic signaling was stronger during cNMP. During WB reperfusion, livers exhibited a blunted cytokine release, regardless of ischemic damage, supporting the potential reconditioning effect of cNMP.
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Beier, Miriam, Daniel Schoene, Matthias Kohl, Simon von Stengel, Michael Uder e Wolfgang Kemmler. "Non-Athletic Cohorts Enrolled in Longitudinal Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Trials—An Evidence Map". Sensors 24, n.º 3 (2 de fevereiro de 2024): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24030972.
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Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) can be considered as a time-efficient, joint-friendly, and highly customizable training technology that attracts a wide range of users. The present evidence map aims to provide an overview of different non-athletic cohorts addressed in WB-EMS research. Based on a comprehensive systematic search according to PRISMA, eighty-six eligible longitudinal trials were identified that correspond with our eligibility criteria. In summary, WB-EMS research sufficiently covers all adult age categories in males and females. Most cohorts addressed (58%) were predominately or exclusively overweight/obese, and in about 60% of them, diseases or conditions were inclusion criteria for the trials. Cohorts specifically enrolled in WB-EMS trials suffer from cancer/neoplasm (n = 7), obesity (n = 6), diabetes mellitus (n = 5), metabolic syndrome (n = 2), nervous system diseases (n = 2), chronic heart failure (n = 4), stroke (n = 1), peripheral arterial diseases (n = 2), knee arthrosis (n = 1), sarcopenia (n = 3), chronic unspecific low back pain (n = 4), and osteopenia (n = 3). Chronic kidney disease was an eligibility criterion in five WB-EMS trials. Finally, three studies included only critically ill patients, and two further studies considered frailty as an inclusion criterion. Of importance, no adverse effects of the WB-EMS intervention were reported. In summary, the evidence gaps in WB-EMS research were particular evident for cohorts with diseases of the nervous and cerebrovascular system.
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Nielsen, Yousef Wirenfeldt, Jonas P. Eiberg, Vibeke B. Løgager, Sven Just, Torben V. Schroeder e Henrik S. Thomsen. "Patient acceptance of whole-body magnetic resonance angiography: A prospective questionnaire study". Acta Radiologica 51, n.º 3 (abril de 2010): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02841850903482893.
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Background: Whole-body magnetic resonance angiography (WB-MRA) is a noninvasive method for diagnosing the systemic distribution of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have demonstrated the feasibility and diagnostic performance of WB-MRA, but no studies have investigated patient acceptance of this imaging method. Purpose: To measure patient acceptance of WB-MRA compared to the gold standard, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Material and Methods: In a prospective design, 79 consecutive patients (51 male, mean age 67 years) with symptomatic PAD, scheduled to undergo both WB-MRA and DSA, were included. Patient acceptance of each imaging procedure was assessed with a postal questionnaire (13 questions). A five-point rank scale (1, no discomfort; 5, severe discomfort) was used to grade patient discomfort. Results: One patient was excluded from data analysis (did not undergo DSA). Of the remaining 78 patients, 69 completed the questionnaire (response rate 88%). Overall discomfort scores were higher in DSA compared to WB-MRA (mean 2.1 and 1.7, respectively; P = 0.06). In WB-MRA, overall discomfort was strongly correlated to feeling confined in the MRI system (R = 0.77, P< 0.001). In DSA, discomfort was strongly correlated to arterial puncture (R = 0.66, P< 0.001) and contrast injection (R= 0.65, P< 0.001). Injection of iodinated contrast agent at DSA was graded more uncomfortable than injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent at WB-MRA (mean 2.1 vs. 1.5, respectively; P<0.001). Sixty-two patients (90%) were willing to repeat WB-MRA, and 64 patients (93%) would repeat DSA if they needed another vascular examination. Forty-one patients preferred WB-MRA (60%), 12 patients preferred DSA (17%), and 16 patients had no preference (23%). Patient preference of WB-MRA over DSA was statistically significant ( P< 0.001). Conclusion: Patient acceptance of WB-MRA is superior to that of DSA in patients with PAD, with the majority of patients preferring WB-MRA.
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Sánchez-Infante, Jorge, Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez, Pablo Abián, Paula Esteban, Fernando Jimenez e Javier Abián-Vicén. "The influence of whole-body electromyostimulation training in middle-aged women". Isokinetics and Exercise Science 28, n.º 4 (22 de outubro de 2020): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ies-202113.
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BACKGROUND: Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is a new tendency in training used to complement conventional training. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to analyze the effects of training with WB-EMS on body composition, strength and balance in middle-aged women. METHODS: Twenty-eight women were randomly assigned to two groups: the WB-EMS group (age = 48.1 ± 4.3 years) or the control group (CG) (age = 51.1 ± 5.4 years). All participants continued their training of 2 days⋅week-1 and 60 min⋅day-1 of endurance-dynamic strength exercises and additionally did 20 minutes more of dynamic strength exercises one day⋅week-1: the WB-EMS group did the additional training with WB-EMS and the CG did the same training but without WB-EMS. Body composition, muscle isokinetic strength of the knee flexors/extensors and postural stability were measured before and after 8 weeks of training. RESULTS: After the training program, the WB-EMS group showed lower values for the waist circumference (83.00 ± 7.37 vs. 78.50 ± 7.30 cm; p< 0.01), hip circumference (104.80 ± 8.61 vs. 101.00 ± 6.78 cm; p< 0.05) and total fat mass (37.04 ± 6.08 vs. 36.26 ± 5.78%; p< 0.05). In balance stability the WB-EMS group reduced their Fall Risk Index (1.70 ± 0.51 vs. 1.30 ± 0.38 AU; p< 0.01) and deviation (1.50 ± 0.43 vs. 1.03 ± 0.74 AU; p< 0.01) after training and showed lower values in the Fall Risk Index (p= 0.007) and deviation (p= 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: The WB-EMS training program helps reduce the risk of falling and improves body composition variables and balance results in middle-aged physically active women.
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Sadeghipour, Sonia, Bahman Mirzaei, Georgiy Korobeynikov e Yrui Tropin. "Effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation and Resistance Training on Body Composition and Maximal Strength in Trained Women". Health, sport, rehabilitation 7, n.º 2 (28 de junho de 2021): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/hsr.2021.07.02.02.
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Purpose: to investigate the effect of WB-EMS training and resistance training on body composition and maximal strength in trained women.
Material and methods: 30 trained women (with a mean age of 25.70 ± 2.27 years, height of 1.63 ± 0.032 m, and weight of 60.46 ± 5.50 kg) were randomly divided into three groups of ten (WB-EMS training, strength training (ST), and control group (CG)). The training program was performed for 6 weeks and two sessions per week (WB-EMS: 20 minutes, 85 Hz, 350 µs, 6 s pulse duration, 4 s rest; and ST: 1-RM 60-80%, 3 sets, 8-12 repeats, 50-90 s rest between each set). In all three groups, BF%, LBM and Maximal Strength were measured before and after the training period.
Results: Intragroup comparison in WB-EMS group showed a significant difference in BF% and LBM (P ≤ 0.05); while in the intergroup comparison, no significant difference was observed between the WB-EMS group and CG. Also in ST group, BF% and LBM values did not show any significant changes. There was also a significant difference in Maximal Strength in the intragroup comparison between both WB-EMS and ST groups and a significant difference between the WB-EMS group and CG and between ST group and CG in the intragroup comparison after the test (P ≤ 0.05); while there was no significant difference between WB-EMS and ST groups.
Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be concluded that both types of exercise can improve maximal strength, although each of these exercises has its own benefits.
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Schmidt, David E., Maria Bruzelius, Ammar Majeed, Jacob Odeberg, Margareta Holmström e Anna Ågren. "Whole blood ristocetin-activated platelet impedance aggregometry (Multiplate) for the rapid detection of Von Willebrand disease". Thrombosis and Haemostasis 117, n.º 08 (2017): 1528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th17-02-0129.
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SummaryVon Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common bleeding disorder, but no bedside tests specific for Von Willebrand factor are available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of whole blood ristocetin-induced platelet aggregometry (WB-RIPA) in VWD. WB-RIPA was performed in VWD patients (n=100) and healthy controls (n=17) using the Multiplate® platelet impedance aggregometry platform. The diagnostic properties of the test were described as sensitivity/specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and ROC area under the curve (AUC). Patients with VWD had impaired platelet aggregation by WB-RIPA. At a cut-off of 98 U, the test sensitivity and specificity of WB-RIPA for VWD was 0.95 and 0.53. A cut-off of 60 U provided a specificity of 1.00 with reduced sensitivity of 0.76. All patients with type 3 VWD and >90% of patients with type 2 VWD were accurately distinguished from the controls. Incorrect classifications were attributable to patients with type 1 VWD, showing partly overlapping WB-RIPA results with healthy controls. Remarkably, these patients had lower bleeding scores and higher VWF activity than other type 1 VWD patients. Overall, WB-RIPA discriminated VWD patients from healthy controls accurately with a ROC AUC of 0.94. These results show that WB-RIPA is a promising diagnostic test for VWD, especially when timely results are required. Depending on the chosen test threshold, WB-RIPA could be clinically used as a rule out test, or to suggest patients in whom further testing for VWD is warranted.
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Thevenin, J. M., R. Umaharan, S. Surujdeo-Maharaj, B. Latchman, C. Cilas e D. R. Butler. "Relationships Between Black Pod and Witches'-Broom Diseases in Theobroma cacao". Phytopathology® 95, n.º 11 (novembro de 2005): 1301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-95-1301.
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Field observations were conducted from 1998 to 2001 at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad, to evaluate 57 cacao clones for resistance to black pod (BP) and witches'-broom (WB) diseases (caused by Phytophthora sp. and Crinipellis perniciosa, respectively). Each month ripe pods were harvested and the number of healthy and diseased was recorded. The number of brooms on vegetative shoots was recorded three times a year on selected branches. Twenty-three clones showed less than 10% of infection for both BP and WB on pods. Among those, eight clones showed an absence of brooms on the observed branches: IMC 6, MAN 15/60 [BRA], PA 67 [PER], PA 195 [PER], PA 218 [PER], PA 296 [PER], PA 303 [PER], and POUND 32/A [POU]. Broad-sense heritability was estimated at 0.38 and 0.57 for WB disease on pods and shoots, respectively, and at 0.51 for BP disease. Genetic correlation between WB disease on pods and on shoots was low and estimated at 0.39, whereas the correlation between WB and BP diseases on pods was 0.48. To choose putative parents for breeding schemes, it is suggested that clones are first assessed for their level of resistance to WB on shoots, and the most promising individuals are screened for BP with a detached pods test. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the level of resistance to WB on pods can be predicted using an early test on seedlings.
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Chusak, Charoonsri, Porntip Pasukamonset, Praew Chantarasinlapin e Sirichai Adisakwattana. "Postprandial Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Antioxidant Status in Healthy Subjects after Ingestion of Bread made from Anthocyanin-Rich Riceberry Rice". Nutrients 12, n.º 3 (16 de março de 2020): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030782.
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Riceberry rice, a gluten-free grain, contains many nutrient components, including carbohydrates, proteins, certain fatty acids, and micronutrients, as well as bioactive non-nutrient compounds, such as polyphenolic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bread made from anthocyanin-rich Riceberry rice on the postprandial glycemic response, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), antioxidant status, and subjective ratings of appetite. In the crossover design, 16 healthy participants (six men and 10 women) completed four sessions involving blood collection in the fasting state and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min after food consumption (50 g of available carbohydrate) in a randomized order: 1) glucose solution, 2) wheat bread (WB), 3) Riceberry rice bread (RRB), and 4) Hom Mali bread (HMB). Consumption of RRB resulted in significantly lower postprandial plasma glucose concentration at 30 and 60 min when compared to HMB. No difference in postprandial glucose concentration between RRB and WB was observed. In addition, postprandial plasma insulin showed a significant decrease in the group which received RRB at 15 and 60 min, as compared to HMB. In comparison with 50 g of glucose, as a reference, the glycemic index (GI) of RRB, WB, and HMB was 69.3 ± 4.4, 77.8 ± 4.6, and 130.6 ± 7.9, respectively. Interestingly, the ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) level was shown to significantly increase after consumption of RRB. In the meantime, a significant decrease in the postprandial FRAP level was also observed following an intake of WB and HMB. All breads caused increases in the postprandial plasma protein thiol group and had similar effects on hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and satiety ratings. However, consumption of RBB, WB, and HMB did not change plasma GLP-1 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels when compared to the baseline. The findings suggest that anthocyanin-rich Riceberry rice can be a natural ingredient for gluten-free bread which reduced glycemic response together with improvement of antioxidant status in healthy subjects.
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Sapiai, Napisah, Aidah Jumahat, Mohammad Jawaid, Md Zin Abu e Mochamad Chalid. "Mechanical Performance of Granite Fine Fly Dust-Filled Basalt/Glass Polyurethane Polymer Hybrid Composites". Polymers 13, n.º 18 (8 de setembro de 2021): 3032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183032.
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The granite processing industry generates large amounts of bottom granite dust waste every day. After the drying and heating process of concrete mixture production, the granite dust is blown and collected in the filtering nozzle. This very fine particle granite dry fly dust, with a particle size maximum distribution of 500 μm, can easily be blown away by wind and cause serious environmental impacts. The use of this waste material would be an effective way to reduce such impacts. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental study on the potential of granite dust as a filler in enhancing the mechanical performance of a hybrid basalt/glass (WB/GCSM) composite. The unhole and open hole tensile (UHT and OHT) properties, low velocity impact (LVI) properties, quasi-static indentations (QSI) properties, flexural properties, interlaminar shear stress (ILSS) properties, and morphology of the developed WB/GCSM composites were evaluated. To meet the objective of this study, composite specimens were produced using 1.5–60 μm granite fly dust at three (3) different loadings (1, 3 and 5 wt%). This granite fly dust was incorporated into polyurethane resin using a mechanical stirring technique. The production of FRP laminates then completed using a hand lay-up and vacuum bagging technique. Four types of the WB/GCSM composites systems, i.e., [WB/GCSM], [WB/GCSM/1GD], [WB/GCSM/3GD] and [WB/GCSM/5GD] were fabricated and compared. The analysis results for the mechanical tests revealed that the incorporation of granite dust of up to 3 wt% had increased the UHT, OHT, LVI, QSI, flexural and ILSS properties of all WB/GCSM composites systems. Higher levels of damage tolerance in UHT and OHT tests, and increased ductility index in the LVI test were obtained when granite dust was added up to 5 wt%. However, a remarkable improvement in all mechanical properties was noticed for [WB/GCSM/1GD], which recorded the highest mechanical performance among all WB/GCSM composite systems.
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Helander, Eija, e Kirsi Partanen. "Inclusion of wheat bran in barley-soybean meal diets with different phosphorus levels for growing-finishing pigs II. Performance and bone mineralization in growing-finishing pigs". Agricultural and Food Science 3, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 1994): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72686.
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The experiment was conducted to study whether wheat bran (WB) phytase could improve the availability of intrinsic phosphorus (P) in commercial barley-soybean meal diets enough to replace the added inorganic P partly or completely in the diets of growing-finishing pigs (30-100 kg). Performance as well as certain chemical and physical parameters of the tibia and fibula bones were used as criteria for the WB phytase effect. The experiment was conducted using a 2x3 factorial arrangement. The factors were wheat bran (WB) level - either 0 (WB-) or 100 g/kg (WB+), and phosphorus level - high (HP), medium (MP) and low (LP) corresponding to 4.33 g, 2.99 g and 1.64 g digestible P per a feed unit (FU = 0.7 kg starch equivalent), respectively. The measured digestible P contents of the diets were 4.2, 4.2, 2.7, 2.5, 1.4 and 1.8 g/kg DM, respectively. A content of 2.5-2.7 g of digestible P/kg DM in the diet proved to be sufficient for the whole growing period, but the lowest phosphorus levels led to an impaired growth rate, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. However, after reaching 60 kg live weight, the pigs on LPWB- and LPWB+ diets were able to grow and utilize feed as effectively as the other pigs. WB at a level of 100 g/kg had no significant effect on the performance, feed conversion ratio or carcass quality criteria of the pigs on any diet. WB phytase showed a positive effect on bone breaking strength on the LP diet.
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Kooli, Fethi, Yan Liu, Mostafa Abboudi, Hicham Oudghiri Hassani, Souad Rakass, Sheikh Ibrahim e Fahd Al Wadaani. "Waste Bricks Applied as Removal Agent of Basic Blue 41 from Aqueous Solutions: Base Treatment and Their Regeneration Efficiency". Applied Sciences 9, n.º 6 (24 de março de 2019): 1237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061237.
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Waste brick materials were applied as removal materials of basic blue 41 (BB-41) from artificially contaminated water. They were characterized by different techniques prior their use. A series of removal tests were carried out at different conditions, such as a dosage effect, pH value, initial concentrations, and chemical treatment. The removal results indicated that the two untreated waste bricks had limited removal capacities of basic blue 41, ranging from 19 to 30 mg/g. However, these values were improved upon treatment with NaOH solution or by increasing the removal temperature. Waste brick collected from the Medina area (Med-WB) exhibited higher removal capacity compared to the one collected from the Jeddah area (Jed-WB), with a maximum removal capacity of 60 mg/g at 60 °C. The pH of the BB-41 solution also played an important factor, as it improved the removal amounts from 25 mg/g to 45 mg/g at initial concentration of 200 mg/L. The regenerative process was studied using oxidative reaction of the removed basic blue 41 with a solution of oxone and cobalt nitrate. The efficiency was maintained after 5 runs for Med-WB, with a slight variation of 25%, while it felt to 50% for Jed-WB material after three runs. These data indicate that the waste brick materials present as potential candidates for the dye removal and their origin has to be identified.
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Ravyn, M. Dana, Jesse L. Goodman, Carrie B. Kodner, Deborah K. Westad, Lisa A. Coleman, Suzanne M. Engstrom, Curt M. Nelson e Russell C. Johnson. "Immunodiagnosis of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis by Using Culture-Derived Human Isolates †". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, n.º 6 (1998): 1480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.6.1480-1488.1998.
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Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) is an emerging infection caused by an Ehrlichia species closely related toEhrlichia equi and Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Recent advances in the isolation and cultivation of this organism have allowed us to develop an immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and Western immunoblotting (WB) using HL-60 cell culture-derived human isolates. Antibody was detected in sera from culture-confirmed HGE patients by IFA and EIA, and these samples were reactive when analyzed by immunoblot analysis. HGE patient sera had high antibody titers and did not react with uninfected HL-60 cells. When IFA, EIA, and WB were used to analyze sera from healthy donors or those with a range of other disorders, including infections caused byEhrlichia chaffeensis, Rickettsia rickettsii, and Coxiella burnetti, no significant cross-reactivity could be detected by EIA or immunoblot analysis with the exception of two of four serum samples from R. rickettsii-infected patients that were reactive by IFA only. Sera from HGE patients did not significantly cross-react in serologic tests for Borrelia burgdorferi. Using sera from patients previously enrolled in two clinical trials of treatment for early Lyme disease, we evaluated a two-step approach for estimation of the seroprevalence of antibodies reactive with the etiologic agent of HGE. On the basis of the immunoblot assay results for sera from culture-confirmed HGE patients, WB was used to confirm the specificity of the antibody detected by EIA and IFA. EIA was found to be superior to IFA in the ability to detect WB-confirmed antibodies to the HGE agent. When EIA and WB were used, 56 (19.9%) patients with early Lyme disease (n = 281) had either specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) or IgG antibodies; 38 patients (13.5%) had IgM only, 6 (2.1%) had IgG only, and 12 (4.3%) had both IgM and IgG. Therefore, Lyme disease patients are at high potential risk for exposure to Ehrlichia. Analysis by immunoblotting of serial samples from persons with culture-confirmed HGE or patients with Lyme disease and antibodies to the agent of HGE revealed a reproducible pattern of the immune response to specific antigens. These samples confirmed the importance of the 42- to 45-kDa antigens as early, persistent, and specific markers of HGE infection. Other significant immunogenic proteins appear at 20, 21, 28, 30, and 60 kDa. Use of the two-test method of screening by EIA and confirming the specificity by WB appears to offer a sound approach to the clinical immunodiagnosis of HGE.
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Falcão, M. V. D., V. L. A. Santana, F. N. Corrêa, J. A. B. Tenório e R. A. Mota. "Development and standardization of a western blotting test for detection of antibodies against B. abortus". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 71, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2019): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10290.
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ABSTRACT Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella spp. with diagnosis based on use of serological techniques. The present study aimed to develop and standardize a western blotting (WB) test for detection of antibodies against B. abortus. Samples from two groups of cattle were analyzed: group I: 60 serum samples from true positive and true negative vaccinated animals (30 positive samples from infected animals according to rose bengal test (RBT), 2-mercaptoethanol, serum agglutination test (SAT) and complement fixation test (CFT) and 30 RBT negatives samples); group II: 383 field samples (90 positive and 293 CFT negative sera). The most reactive band in the western blotting, which properly identified and separated infected from non - infected had a molecular weight of ≤ 20kDa. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the WB compared to RBT was 93%, 99%, 98%, respectively and k= 0.938. When compared to CFT, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the WB was 97%, 98% and 97%, respectively and k= 0.929. The WB developed and standardized in the present study is a serological test with potential use as a confirmatory test for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis.
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Varin, Remi, Shahsultan Mirshahi, Pehzman Mirshahi, Jean Chidiac, Gerald Kierzek, Jean-Pierre Marie, Massoud Mirshahi, Claudine Soria e Jeannette Soria. "Effect of Rivaroxaban, An Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor, On Whole Blood Clot Permeation and Thrombolysis: Critical Role of Red Blood Cells." Blood 114, n.º 22 (20 de novembro de 2009): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1064.1064.
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Abstract Abstract 1064 Poster Board I-86 Introduction: Decreased fibrinolysis has been reported in venous thrombosis. Thrombus degradation depends on its structure: thicker fibrin fibers are permeable to blood flow and highly susceptible to fibrinolytic enzymes, while thinner fibers are poorly permeable to flow and are resistant to fibrinolysis. Thrombin concentration present at the time of gelation profoundly influences fibrin clot structure: decrease in thrombin generation leads to the formation of thick fibrin fibers and to a decrease in activation of thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Rivaroxaban, an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, is in late stage clinical development for the prevention and treatment of venous and arterial thrombosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Rivaroxaban on whole blood (WB) clot structure and degradability by t-PA. Compared to plasma clots, WB clots might better represent the in vivo formed thrombi. Methods: 1- Clots were formed by adding to WB or to corresponding plasma, low concentration of tissue factor and calcium in the presence or absence of Rivaroxaban at therapeutic concentrations (0.15 and 0.25 μg/ml). 2- Clot permeability was calculated by measuring the flow rate of liquid through the clot. It was expressed as Darcy constant. 3- Clot degradability was evaluated by D dimers generation during clot perfusion with plasminogen and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). Results: 1- In the absence of Rivaroxaban, WB clots had a lower porosity than that of corresponding plasma clots: Darcy constant of WB clots was 3.1 –fold lower than that of plasma clots. This decreased porosity of WB clots leads to thrombolysis resistance by preventing access of fibrinolytic enzymes to fibrin network: D dimers generation in t-PA-perfused clots for 60 min was 38 -fold lower in WB clots compared to plasma clots. 2- Rivaroxaban increased the permeation rate of WB clots and thrombolysis by t-PA: the addition of Rivaroxaban at 0.15 μg/ml in WB (corresponding in fact to plasma concentration of 0.25 μg/ml), increased the Darcy constant by 5.5 –fold and the clot degradability in 60 min by 108 -fold. These effects of Rivaroxaban were higher in WB clots than in corresponding plasma clots, as Rivaroxaban at 0.25 μg/ml in plasma clots increased the Darcy constant by 2.5-fold and clot degradation by 9.6-fold. In the presence of Rivaroxaban, the Darcy constant and the degradability of WB clots and of plasma clots were nearly identical. 3- To explain the greater efficacy of Rivaroxaban on WB permeation constants and thrombolysis in comparison to plasma clots a) we tested the possibility for Rivaroxaban to reduce the entrapment of red blood cells (RBC) into the network of fibrin as RBC can be responsible for fibrin pore occlusion. This possibility was excluded since Rivaroxaban had no effect on clot permeation rate in clots formed by clotting purified fibrinogen with thrombin in the presence or in the absence of RBC (condition in which there is no generation of thrombin): RBC induced a 2.5 times decrease in permeation rate due to entrapment of RBC into fibrin network, regardless of presence or absence of Rivaroxaban. b) we analyzed the effect of RBC on thrombin generation and its modification by Rivaroxaban: the addition of 0.1 ml RBC diluted ½ to 0,2 ml plasma increased the thrombin generation (540 % of control without RBC). This is probably due to exposure of phosphatidyl serine at surface of RBC during thrombin generation. The increase in thrombin generation by RBC was reduced to 140 % in presence of Rivaroxaban at 0.15 μg/ml. This is explained by Rivaroxaban's inhibition of factor Xa bound to cells. Conclusion: Thrombin generation was greater in WB than in plasma, leading to a lower porosity and degradability of WB clots as compared to plasma clots. Rivaroxaban, by decreasing thrombin generation, increased clot permeability and degradability to the same level in WB clots and plasma clots. This property of Rivaroxaban may contribute to its antithrombotic effect. This study received a support from Bayer-Schering-Pharma France. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bush, S. H., H. A. Parsons, J. L. Palmer, R. Chacko, Z. Li, C. Scott e E. Bruera. "Single- versus multiple-item assessment of quality of life in patients with advanced cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, n.º 15_suppl (20 de maio de 2009): e20528-e20528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20528.
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e20528 Background: The main objective of palliative cancer care is to improve quality of life (QOL). As multiple dimensions impact on the construct of QOL, multi-dimensional instruments are usually used in its measurement. These are time consuming and burdensome for repeated use. Recent authors have suggested that brief single-item global assessments can provide a reliable measure of QOL. We assessed the performance of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System ‘feeling of well-being’ item (ESAS WB) using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G) instrument as a gold standard. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, we reviewed the data from 213 advanced cancer patients who had participated in six studies from March 2006 to June 2008 and determined the level of association between baseline ESAS WB and FACT-G total score and subscale domains (Physical (Pwb), Social/Family (Swb), Emotional (Ewb), and Functional (Fwb) Well-Being) and also the 9 ESAS symptom intensity scores using Spearman correlation coefficients. We also calculated the change between the baseline (T1) and second (T2) observations of ESAS WB and of FACT-G total score and determined their level of association using a Pearson correlation coefficient. In addition, we predicted the change in FACT-G as predicted by the change in ESAS WB score using regression analysis. Results: Mean age was 60 (SD 12) years and 48% were female. At T1, the Spearman correlation coefficient of ESAS WB and FACT-G was -0.48 (p<0.0001). Spearman correlation coefficients for ESAS WB and FACT-G subscale domains and ESAS symptom intensity scores were also highly significant (p<0.0001) for all physical and emotional symptoms (other than p=0.003 for nausea) except for FACT Swb (p=0.08). The Pearson correlation coefficient for difference between T1 and T2 in ESAS WB and FACT-G for 146 patients was -0.36 (p<0.0001). The regression analysis was highly significant (p<0.0001). The change in ESAS WB corresponding to FACT-G published minimally important difference (MID) was -0.24 for 3, -1.55 for 5, and -2.87 for 7, respectively. Conclusions: ESAS WB is a practical instrument for clinical use and best reflects the Pwb, Ewb and Fwb domains of FACT-G as compared to Swb. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Fazili, Zia, Neelima Paladugula, Ming Zhang e Christine M. Pfeiffer. "Folate Forms in RBC and Whole-Blood Lysates Appear Stable When Stored Frozen for 2 Years". Journal of Nutrition 151, n.º 9 (5 de junho de 2021): 2852–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab184.
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ABSTRACT Background The use of RBC lysate (RBC-Lys) eliminates the need for serum folate and hematocrit (Hct) measurement to calculate RBC folate. Information on the long-term frozen storage stability of RBC-Lys is missing. Objectives We aimed to assess the comparability of RBC folate forms in whole-blood lysate (WB-Lys) and RBC-Lys and the folate stability in both matrices. Methods We prepared conventional WB-Lys (1:11 dilution with 1% ascorbic acid) and RBC-Lys (1:11 dilution of washed and saline-diluted RBCs with 1% ascorbic acid) from EDTA blood (n = 60 adult donors) and stored lysates at −70°C until analysis at baseline (1 wk), 3, 6, 12, and 24 mo. Before analysis by HPLC–tandem MS, we incubated the WB-Lys (4 h at 37°C) and treated the RBC-Lys with human recombinant γ-glutamyl hydrolase for folate polyglutamate deconjugation. We analyzed RBC-Lys samples for hemoglobin (Hb) (same aliquot) to normalize for the preanalytical dilution; Hb-folate was converted to RBC folate for each folate form using the mean corpuscular Hb concentration. We analyzed Hct as well as folate forms in matching serum samples for traditional RBC folate calculation. We conducted descriptive data analyses (correlation, Bland–Altman plot, Deming regression). Results At baseline, results for RBC folate forms derived from WB-Lys compared with RBC-Lys samples showed excellent correlation (Pearson r ≥ 0.97). Mean ± SD concentrations compared well for total folate (WB-Lys: 886 ± 255 compared with RBC-Lys: 899 ± 271 nmol/L), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (WB-Lys: 831 ± 258 compared with RBC-Lys: 843 ± 276 nmol/L), and nonmethyl folate (WB-Lys: 53.3 ± 74.4 compared with RBC-Lys: 52.9 ± 70.7 nmol/L), but were 17% higher in RBC-Lys for pyrazino-s-triazine derivative of 4α-hydroxy-5-CH3-H4folate (MeFox) (WB-Lys: 147 ± 44.1 compared with RBC-Lys: 172 ± 53.5 nmol/L). Frozen storage of WB-Lys and RBC-Lys samples for ≤24 mo showed ≤5%, ≤5%, ≤13%, and ≤11% change in total folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, nonmethyl folate, and MeFox, respectively. Conclusions Erythrocyte folate forms appear to be stable in RBC-Lys samples stored frozen at −70°C for ≤2 y. The relatively small changes in folate concentrations over time were comparable between RBC-Lys and conventionally prepared WB-Lys samples.
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Vaculíková, Pavlína, Adéla Paclíková, Michaela Kotková, Ivan Struhár, Dominika Nancy Balousová e Robin Rozsypal. "Impact of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation and Resistance Training on the Level of Functional Fitness in Elderly Women". Studia sportiva 16, n.º 2 (24 de fevereiro de 2023): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2022-2-13.
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ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) and resistance training (RT) on the level of functional fitness in a group of elderly women.
Participants: 63 women (60-65 years) were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups (19 in WB-EMS, 22 in RT) and one control group (22 women). Both experimental groups underwent a ten-week lasting interventional program, the control group was asked to maintain their usual daily regimen and lifestyle.
Methods: Senior fitness test battery (SFT) determined the level of functional fitness in participants, and the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessed the body composition.
Results: The RT group reported a statistically significant difference between pre-and post-test in values of the Chair Stand test (p = 0.04), 8 Foot up and Go (p = 0.03), in the Back Scratch test left side (p = 0.02) and the Chair Sit and Reach test right side (p = 0.05). The WB-EMS interventional program had a positive statistically significant effect only the on level of flexibility of the lower limbs measured by the Chair Sit and Reach test left side (p = 0.05).
Conclusions: The results of all individual components of functional fitness measured by SFT in both experimental groups (WB-EMS, RT) show an improving tendency. Comparing WB-EMS and RT groups, better results were confirmed in the RT group.
Study limitations: Extending the length of intervention programs could have a more significant effect on the level of functional fitness in elderly women.
Keywords: ageing, functional fitness, Senior fitness test, DXA, resistance training, WB-EMS
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Whitney, Kaitlyn E., Mitchell Kennedy, Grant Dornan, Jorge Chahla, Thos A. Evans, Marc J. Philippon, Robert F. LaPrade e Johnny Huard. "The Effect of a Single Freeze-Thaw Cycle on Matrix Metalloproteases in Different Human Platelet-Rich Plasma Formulations: A Prospective Cohort Study". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, n.º 7_suppl5 (julho de 2019): 2325967119S0033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00336.
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Objectives: The possibility of preserving platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from young, healthy individuals for future use is a compelling approach to reduce or delay degenerative processes, presuming that the retention of the biological properties are maintained. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) isoform concentrations between whole blood (WB), leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) inactivated (LR-I) and activated (LR-A), leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP) inactivated (LP-I) and activated (LP-A). Methods: Following institutional review board approval (2017-36), 24 donors that were physically and mentally healthy were prospectively enrolled in the study. Approximately 60 mL of WB was drawn from each donor to produce inactivated and activated LP-PRP and LR-PRP using manual processing methodology, as previously described. A complete blood count for WB and inactivated PRP products was obtained to verify that concentration of platelets was achieved. WB, LP-I, and LR-I samples were set aside for immunoassay and analysis. The LP-I and LR-I products were activated with 10% calcium chloride and recombinant thrombin in a red-top 10 mL vacutainer tube. Blood fractions were either immediately assayed and analyzed (fresh) or stored at -80℃ for 24 hours, 72 hours, and 160 hours. Commercial kits (EMD Millipore) were used according to manufacturer’s instructions for protein content: MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-10, and MMP-12. A standard methodology for the Luminex 200® system was used as previously published. A pairwise Wilcoxin rank test was performed for statistical calculation. Results: Twenty-two healthy donors (n = 12 females, n = 10 males) with a mean age of 37.7 (range: 21 to 60), and average BMI of 23.7 kg/m2, were used in the final analysis. MMP-1 significantly increased between fresh and 160 hours in WB (p<0.05) (Figure 1), and significantly increased between fresh and 24 hours and 160 hours in LR-A (p<0.05) (Figure 4). MMP-3 significantly decreased between fresh and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 160 hours in LR-A (p<0.05) (Figure 4). MMP-9 significantly increased between fresh and 160 hours in WB, LR-A, and LR-I (p<0.05) (Figures 1, 2 & 4). MMP-12 significantly decreased between fresh and 24 hours in LR-A (Figure 4), while MMP-12 significantly decreased between fresh and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 160 hours in WB, LR-I, and LP-I (p<0.05) (Figures 1, 2 & 3). MMP-10 was not statistically different amongst fresh and freezing time points in all WB and PRP preparations. Interestingly, there was no statistical difference between MMP concentrations and freezing timepoints in LP-A. There were no significant correlations between MMPS and age, BMI or sex. Conclusion: In this study, we evaluated the influence of short-term freezing (-80℃) on MMP concentrations in WB, inactivated PRP, and activated PRP formulations. Our results suggest that certain MMP isoforms, can either increase or decrease in response to freezing in WB, inactivated PRP, and activated PRP formulations. The development of PRP preservation approaches through minimal manipulation, without attenuating its biological properties, represents an important step in PRP mediated tissue regeneration and repair. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
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Grigoriev, Sergey N., N. M. Bobrovskij, P. A. Melnikov, I. N. Bobrovskij e Tadeusz Zaborowski. "Research of Tool Durability in Surface Plastic Deformation by Wide Burnishing of Cast Iron without Metalworking Fluids". Key Engineering Materials 746 (julho de 2017): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.746.120.
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The hyper productive surface plastic deformation processing technology called as wide burnishing (WB) was developed in Russian Federation. The mechanics of new WB technology is different from the classic SPD technologies (rolling or burnishing). For example applied force during processing of burnishing is 150-300 N, of WB is 2500-5000 N due to condition of process implementation in mass production with limited processing time (3-4 turnovers of workpiece). WB also has a high degree of deformation due to a multiple deformation passes. The purpose of the study was to determine the durability of a burnishing tool with the working surface made of the hard alloy with different dispersion. During the durability tests were tested VK6 alloy with the chemical composition of WC-94%, Co-6%, grain size of 2.1...3.4 micron (hardness HRA 88.5) and similar in chemical composition fine-grained hard alloy H10F (WC-90%, Co-10%) produced by Sandvik-MKTS with grain size of 0.5...0.9 micron (hardness HRA 92.1). Processing was conducted without lubricoolants. The acquired data presents that the roughness exceeds the tolerance during the processing by tool made of H10F alloy later than by tool made of VK6 alloy. At the same time increase of durability is from 60% to 80%.
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Berger, Joshua, Elena Janowicz, Oliver Ludwig, Markus Weineck, Wolfgang Kemmler e Michael Fröhlich. "Influence of a long-term WB-EMS intervention on parameters of body composition and physical performance among individuals of different age decades between 19 and 81 years". Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance 2, n.º 4 (24 de agosto de 2023): 514–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55860/lkhr6684.
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Lifelong fitness training plays an essential role in building and maintaining health. Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is a time-efficient training method that could be used as an adequate training intervention for different persons due to the intensive, involuntary contraction of the musculature and the resulting increases in muscular performance. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate if WB-EMS has positive effects on body composition and physical performance parameters of individuals of different age decades. Subjects from age decades 20-80 years participated in a 24-week WB-EMS training intervention. PRE and POST diagnostics of trunk extension and flexion, knee extension and flexion, hand grip strength, skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and body fat were performed on three consecutive days and the daily maximum values were summarized as the total mean value and were used for the descriptive data interpretation. Strength parameters were summarized in an unweighted additive index, the muscular change index (MCI). Regarding the results obtained by using the MCI, remarkable increases were observed in participants from all decades (20: +12.02%; 30: +6.59%; 40: +6.85%; 50: +3.96%; 60: +10.95%; 70: +20.26%; 80: +20.86%). Therefore, WB-EMS seems to be a time-efficient and adequate form of training that can be conducted to enhance muscular performance at different ages.
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Krabbe, Simon, Iris Eshed, Inge J. Sørensen, Jakob Møller, Bente Jensen, Ole R. Madsen, Mette Klarlund, Susanne J. Pedersen e Mikkel Østergaard. "Novel whole-body magnetic resonance imaging response and remission criteria document diminished inflammation during golimumab treatment in axial spondyloarthritis". Rheumatology 59, n.º 11 (20 de abril de 2020): 3358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa153.
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Abstract Objectives To investigate criteria for treatment response and remission in patients with axial SpA as assessed by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) of axial and peripheral joints and entheses during treatment with golimumab. Methods We performed an investigator-initiated cohort study of 53 patients who underwent WB-MRI at weeks 0, 4, 16 and 52 after initiation of golimumab. Images were assessed according to the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada MRI SI joint inflammation index, Canada–Denmark MRI spine inflammation score and the MRI peripheral joints and entheses inflammation index. Results At weeks 4, 16 and 52, WB-MRI demonstrated an at least 50% reduction of MRI inflammation of the sacroiliac joints in 16, 29 and 32 (30%, 55% and 60%) patients, of the spine in 20, 30 and 31 (38%, 57% and 58%) patients and of peripheral joints and entheses in 8, 17 and 15 (15%, 32% and 28%) patients, respectively. The BASDAI50 response was achieved by 29, 31 and 31 (55%, 58% and 58%) patients, while ASDAS clinically important improvement (ASDAS-CII) was achieved by 37, 40 and 34 (70%, 75% and 64%) patients. WB-MRI remission criteria for spine, sacroiliac joints and peripheral joints and entheses were explored; total WB-MRI remission was attained by 2, 6 and 3 (4%, 11% and 6%) patients. At week 16, among 35 patients with an at least 50% reduction in the MRI Axial Inflammation Index (sacroiliac joint and spine inflammation), 29 (83%) achieved BASDAI50 and 35 (100%) achieved ASDAS-CII; among 16 patients with MRI axial inflammation non-response, 14 (88%) were BASDAI50 non-responders and 11 (69%) did not achieve ASDAS-CII. Conclusion WB-MRI demonstrated a significant reduction of inflammation in both the spine, sacroiliac joints and peripheral joints and entheses during golimumab treatment. Few patients achieved total WB-MRI remission. Combining spinal and sacroiliac joint inflammation in an MRI Axial Inflammation Index increased the ability to capture response. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02011386.
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Spada, Eva, Daniela Proverbio, Luciana Baggiani, Giada Bagnagatti De Giorgi, Elisabetta Ferro e Roberto Perego. "Change in haematological and selected biochemical parameters measured in feline blood donors and feline whole blood donated units". Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 19, n.º 4 (9 de julho de 2016): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x16628919.
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Objectives The quality of whole blood (WB) units is influenced by many factors, starting with selection of donors and the method of blood collection. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes that occur in haematological and selected biochemical parameters in blood transferred from a feline blood donor to feline WB unit. Methods Data from 27 feline blood donations were used in this study. Cats were anaesthetised with a combination of tiletamine and zolazepam. Blood (10 ml/kg body weight to a maximum of 60 ml/cat) was collected in citrate–phosphate–dextrose–adenine (CPDA) anticoagulant. Lactated Ringer’s solution (10 ml/kg) was administered intravenously starting halfway through the donation. Haematological and selected biochemical parameters (complete blood count, free haemoglobin, % haemolysis, glucose, sodium, potassium, pH) were measured in the blood donor before donation and in the corresponding donated WB unit soon after collection. Results Significant decreases occurred between blood donor and WB unit in red blood cells (mean difference −1.06 × 1012/l; P <0.0001), haemoglobin (mean difference −1.6 g/dl; P <0.0001), haematocrit (mean difference −4.6%; P <0.0001), red cell distribution width (mean difference −0.9%; P = 0.0003), white blood cells (mean difference −2.17 × 109/l; P <0.0001), pH (mean difference −0.5; P <0.0001) and potassium (mean difference −1.4 mmol/l; P <0.0001). Significant increases occurred between blood donor and WB unit in platelets (mean difference +87.00 ×109/l; P = 0.0039), glucose (mean difference +25.42 mmol/l; P <0.0001) and sodium (mean difference +20 mmol/l; P <0.0001). Conclusions and relevance When using a blood collection protocol with intravenous fluid administration midway through the donation and a CPDA:blood ratio of 1:7, there were significant changes in both the haematological and biochemical characteristics between the blood donors and WB units. The majority of these changes may be the result of the anticoagulants used for storage. Understanding these changes may assist selection of blood donors and help prediction of the characteristics of the donated WB unit.
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Versal, Nataliia, e Antonina Sholoiko. "Green bonds of supranational financial institutions: On the road to sustainable development". Investment Management and Financial Innovations 19, n.º 1 (7 de fevereiro de 2022): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.19(1).2022.07.
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The move to sustainable development and building a carbon-low economy needs funding. In this regard, a new direction in finance – green (sustainable) finance – has emerged. One of the green finance instruments is green bonds, first issued by supranational financial institutions. This paper aims to identify the features of green bond issues and implemented green projects by the World Bank (the WB) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the EBRD). Data were obtained from databases and reports of the WB, the EBRD, and the Climate Bonds Initiative. Data analysis was provided using statistical methods, particularly descriptive and comparative statistics. A positive trend in the issue of green bonds in the volumes and timing of the WB and the EBRD was revealed, despite the shift in emphasis caused by COVID-19. Renewable energy, energy efficiency, and clean transportation remain the primary directions of the WB, and the EBRD green projects amounted to more than 60% of total projects funding. The geography of green projects financed through the WB and the EBRD green bonds indicates that green projects are receiving significant funding from countries facing environmental challenges and demonstrating intent to green transition (the WB – China and India, the EBRD – Turkey, Poland, and Egypt). Supranational financial institutions were the first to come to the forefront of sustainable development funding and are now spearheading the creation of new financial instruments aimed at financing both green and social projects, leading to the emergence of sustainability bonds. Acknowledgment(s)The authors would like to thank the participants of the 1st International Conference on Sustainable Development (SDL 2021) for providing the valuable remarks and a fruitful discussion. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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Macko, Antoni, Forest R. Sheppard, William H. Nugent, Abe Abuchowski e Bjorn K. Song. "Improved Hemodynamic Recovery and 72-Hour Survival Following Low-Volume Resuscitation with a PEGylated Carboxyhemoglobin in a Rat Model of Severe Hemorrhagic Shock". Military Medicine 185, n.º 7-8 (17 de abril de 2020): e1065-e1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz472.
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Abstract Introduction: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death from potentially survivable civilian and military trauma. As projected conflicts move from settings of tactical and logistical supremacy to hyper-dynamic tactical zones against peer and near-peer adversaries, protracted medical evacuation times are expected. Treatment at the point-of-injury is critical. Although crystalloids like Lactated Ringer’s (LR) are ubiquitous, whole blood (WB) is the preferred resuscitation fluid following hemorrhage; however, logistical constraints limit the availability of WB in prehospital settings. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) offer both hemodynamic support and oxygen-carrying capacity while avoiding logistical constraints of WB. We hypothesized that low-volume resuscitation of severe hemorrhagic shock with an HBOC (PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin, [PC]) would improve hemodynamic recovery and 72-hour survival; comparable to WB and superior to LR. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent severe hemorrhagic shock followed by randomly assigned low-volume resuscitation with LR, WB, or PC, and then recovered from anesthesia for up to 72-hour observation. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded continuously under anesthesia, and arterial blood gases were measured at baseline (BL), 60 minutes post-hemorrhage (HS1h), and 24 hours post-resuscitation (PR24h). Survival was presented on a Kaplan–Meier plot and significance determined with a log-rank test. Cardiovascular and blood gas data were assessed with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc analysis where appropriate. Results: All measured cardiovascular and blood chemistry parameters were equivalent between groups at BL and HS1h. BL MAP values were 90 ± 3, 86 ± 1, and 89 ± 2 mmHg for LR, PC, and WB, respectively. Immediately following resuscitation, MAP values were 57 ± 4, 74 ± 5, and 62 ± 3 mmHg, with PC equivalent to WB and higher than LR (P < 0.05). WB and LR were both lower than BL (P < 0.0001), whereas PC was not (P = 0.13). The PC group’s survival to 72 hours was 57%, which was not different from WB (43%) and higher than LR (14%; P < 0.05). Conclusions: A single bolus infusion of PC produced superior survival and MAP response compared to LR, which is the standard fluid resuscitant carried by combat medics. PC was not different from WB in terms of survival and MAP, which is encouraging because its reduced logistical constraints make it viable for field deployment. These promising findings warrant further development and investigation of PC as a low-volume, early treatment for hemorrhagic shock in scenarios where blood products may not be available.
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Merloni, Filippo, Michela Palleschi, Alice Rossi, Andrea Prochowski Iamurri, Caterina Gianni, Samanta Sarti, Francesca Mannozzi et al. "Abstract P1-05-13: Clinical impact of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging on subsequent management in luminal/HER2-negative breast cancer patients". Cancer Research 83, n.º 5_Supplement (1 de março de 2023): P1–05–13—P1–05–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p1-05-13.
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Abstract Background: Routine imaging can be inaccurate, especially in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with bone-only disease or mainly bone disease. This analysis investigates how the use of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI), in addition to routine computed tomography (CT) and bone scintigraphy (BS), can influence treatment decisions in patients with known MBC. Methods: In a prospective observational study, in our Institute, we performed WB-MRI as baseline and follow-up examination in addition to routine imaging (CT, BS) in luminal/HER2-negative BC patients with prevalence of bone disease potentially candidate to CDK 4/6 inhibitors. All examinations were interpreted by two experienced radiology specialists. Using the results of the examination, a multidisciplinary oncology committee (MOC) reported on the treatment strategy. A positive impact on clinical management was considered if the examination determined a modification in the treatment strategy compared to the MOC decision before WB-MRI. Results: Thirty consecutive luminal breast cancer patients in a metastatic setting at standard imaging were recruited. All these patients underwent CT and BS followed by WB-MRI study. At standard imaging, fourteen patients (46.7%) presented with bone-only disease, while eight patients (26.6%) did not show bone lesions. In 18 of 30 cases (60%) WB-MRI led to a modification of the therapeutic approach. Due to the detection of new metastatic lesions or progression of known metastatic sites, reported on WB-MRI alone, the therapeutic decision changed in 6 (20%) and 3 (10%) patients, respectively. In one patient (3%) the therapeutic decision changed because of both findings. Nine patients (30%) started a new therapeutic line due to evidence of progressive disease on WB-MRI, while 4 patients (13.3%) underwent radiotherapy and 1 patient received orthopaedic counselling for high risk WB-MRI-assessed bone lesions. In 8 patients (26.6%) the disease was re-classified as early breast cancer based on WB-MRI assessment. Conclusions: WB-MRI could play a role in the clinical assessment of luminal MBC. Further studies are needed to better address the potential use of WB-MRI in the assessment and monitoring of bone only/bone predominant luminal MBC and/or in equivocal cases. Citation Format: Filippo Merloni, Michela Palleschi, Alice Rossi, Andrea Prochowski Iamurri, Caterina Gianni, Samanta Sarti, Francesca Mannozzi, Federica Fiori, Giandomenico Di Menna, Lorenzo Cecconetto, Marianna Sirico, Chiara Casadei, Sara Bleve, Lorenzo Gasperoni, Roberto Casadei, Luca Tontini, Antonino Romeo, Domenico Barone, Ugo De Giorgi. Clinical impact of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging on subsequent management in luminal/HER2-negative breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-05-13.
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Schott, Nadja, Bettina Johnen e Thomas Jürgen Klotzbier. "Assessing the well-being of residents in nursing facilities". German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research 51, n.º 4 (1 de novembro de 2021): 474–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12662-021-00776-w.
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Abstract Purpose Well-adapted and validated well-being (WB) instruments for the nursing home population are scarce. To our knowledge, the Laurens Well-Being Inventory for Gerontopsychiatry (LWIG) is a practical and reliable well-being assessment tool that has never been validated for German nursing home populations. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to (1) translate and cross-culturally adapt the LWIG to a German context and (2) test the reliability and validity of the German LWIG in a group of older nursing home residents using the Rasch model. Methods This study has a cross-sectional, descriptive study design. Cross-cultural adaption of the LWIG-GER from English to German was performed according to a standardized method. The data obtained from 104 long-term nursing home residents (57 women, 47 men) aged 60–99 years (mean 79.5, standard deviation ±9.11) were analyzed for psychometric testing (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, item fit, McDonald’s ω, convergent validity, and known-group validity, Rasch). Results The final LWIG-GER consists of 19 items with three subscales, including “psychological WB”, “social WB”, and “physical WB”. The LWIG-GER showed good overall reliability with McDonald’s ω of 0.83; the LWIG-GER dimensions’ scores were significantly correlated with depression, functional performance, activities, fear of falling, and education. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the German language version of the LWIG is a reliable and valid tool for measuring WB in nursing home residents. Furthermore, we propose that the LWIG-GER questionnaire can broaden and deepen our understanding of residents’ perception of quality of care and their environment.
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Alinovi, Marcello, Massimiliano Rinaldi, Maria Paciulli, Paola Littardi e Emma Chiavaro. "Chestnut peels and wheat bran at different water level influence the physical properties of pan bread". European Food Research and Technology 248, n.º 5 (13 de janeiro de 2022): 1227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-022-03959-3.
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AbstractIn breadmaking, dietary fibres are used to improve the nutritional quality of the final products; on the other hand, they may affect the physical and sensory properties. This work aimed to the evaluate, on pan breads, the effect of substituting 3 g of wheat flour with an equivalent amount of fibre rich ingredients: chestnut peels (CP) or wheat bran (WB), in comparison to a traditional wheat bread formulation (C). The effect of four levels of added water (54, 60, 66, 71 g/100 of flour) was also tested. The fibre content of CP (33%) and WB (42%) affected their water binding capacity and, consequently, the quality of the final loaves, according to the different water addition levels. In bread crumb, water content and water activity increased proportionally to the water addition levels, being instead in the crust also affected by the presence of fibres: lower water retention capacity was observed for CP, in comparison to WB and C. The loaf volume resulted higher for C in comparison to WB and CP, in relation to the larger dimensions of the crumb pores, probably due to the interfering effect of fibres during the development of the gluten network. Crumb hardness resulted higher for C at low water addition levels, being instead higher for CP at high water addition levels. CP showed a darker and redder colour, than both WB and C bread, for the presence of the brown pigments carried by chestnut peels. PCA analysis confirmed that more water is required for both the fibre-enriched breads to show characteristics similar to the control loaves.
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Zhou, Zhiyuan, Massoud Sofi, Elisa Lumantarna, Rackel San Nicolas, Gideon Hadi Kusuma e Priyan Mendis. "Strength Development and Thermogravimetric Investigation of High-Volume Fly Ash Binders". Materials 12, n.º 20 (14 de outubro de 2019): 3344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203344.
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To address sustainability issues by facilitating the use of high-volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete in industry, this paper investigates the early age hydration properties of HVFA binders in concrete and the correlation between hydration properties and compressive strengths of the cement pastes. A new method of calculating the chemically bound water of HVFA binders was used and validated. Fly ash (FA) types used in this study were sourced from Indonesia and Australia for comparison. The water to binder (w/b) ratio was 0.4 and FA replacement levels were 40%, 50% and 60% by weight. Isothermal calorimetry tests were conducted to study the heat of hydration which was further converted to the adiabatic temperature rise. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to explore the chemically bound water (WB) of the binders. The results showed that Australian FA pastes had higher heat of hydration, adiabatic temperature rise, WB and compressive strength compared to Indonesian FA pastes. The new method of calculating chemically bound water can be successfully applied to HVFA binders. Linear correlation could be found between the WB and compressive strength.
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., Yuliana, I. Desak Putu Kartika Pratiwi e Ni Made Indri Hapsari Arihantana. "Variasi Perbandingan Terigu Dan Tepung Millet (Panicum milliaceum) Terhadap Karakteristik Donat". Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) 10, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/itepa.2021.v10.i02.p03.
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Donuts are flour based foods. The weakness of donuts is that the basic ingredients used are still imported, so there is an increase in the use of alternative flour, namely millet flour. The research aims to find out the ratio effect of wheat and millet flour to the characteristic of donut, and to determine the precise ratio between wheat and millet flour which can produce donuts with the best characteristic. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with a treatmen of ratio between wheat flour and millet flour which consist by 6 levels: 100%:0%, 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%, 60%:40%, and 50%:50%. The treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 18 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed by variance and if treatment had a significant effect then followed by duncan test. The result of research showed that the ratio of 80% wheat and 20% millet flour resulted in the best characteristic of donut with expand power of 116,69%, colour quantity L 52,77, a* 9,51, b*34,37, water content of 25.88% (wb), protein content of 8.17% (wb), crude fiber content of 5,06% (wb), tannin content of 0,15% (wb), colour golden yellow, flavor rather liked, texture rather liked and soft, appearance of rather large pores, taste rather liked and overall acceptance rather liked.
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Martin, Olufunke Y., Rasa Borhan, Aliya U. Zaidi, Deepika S. Darbari, Patrick C. Hines e Andrew D. Campbell. "The Role of Red Blood Cell Vascular Adhesion Biomarkers in Understanding Sickle Cell Disease Associated Chronic Pain". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28 de novembro de 2023): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-190689.
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Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by repeated episodes of vaso-occlusion (VOC) that can lead to a host of complications including acute and chronic pain. Prior studies have demonstrated acute changes in RBC health biomarker flow adhesion of whole blood to VCAM-1 (FA-WB-VCAM) and P-Selectin (FA-WB-Psel). Adhesive indices are significantly elevated during a proadhesive VOC. We examined whether individuals with SCD with and without chronic pain will exhibit differences in RBC health biomarkers between steady state and acute VOC pain. Methods: This was a 6-month, longitudinal, case-control cohort pilot study of FA-WB-VCAM and FA-WB-Psel indices collected in youth with SCD at Children's National Hospital in Washington, DC. SCD chronic pain patients (as defined per AAPT diagnostic criteria) were classified as “cases,” and SCD patients without chronic pain were “controls.” Controls were age (± 2 years), and genotype matched to cases. Both FA-WB-VCAM and FA-WB-Psel were collected at baseline and during acute VOC with assays performed by Functional Fluidics Inc. in Detroit, MI. Patient-reported outcomes were captured as pain scores and through completion of the centralized pain index survey to assess for centralized pain features of chronic pain. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and categorical analysis by t-test (GraphPad, v9, 2021). P value <0.05 was statistically significant. Results: We identified 10 pediatric patients, 4 with chronic pain “cases” and 6 without chronic pain “controls” with FA-WB-VCAM and FA-WB-Psel assays performed at baseline and during an acute VOC episode. The average age of the cohort was 17.5 years with 70% females (n=7) and 30% males (n=3). Eighty percent (n=8) of the cohort were HgbSS and 20% (n=2) HgbSC genotype. Twenty-five percent (n=1) of the chronic pain patients were on disease-modifying therapy (DMT) with hydroxyurea (HU) at study initiation [all patients had been offered ≥ 1 FDA-approved DMT and previously discontinued DMT use due to intolerable side effects or personal choice], whereas 83% (n=5) of the control patients were on DMT with 50% (n=3) being on dual DMT therapy (HU + voxelotor or HU + crizanlizumab). The chronic pain cohort had a higher average number of ED visits/year than the control cohort (14 ± 7 vs. 4 ± 2 ED visits/year, p=0.11). The average baseline pain score for the chronic pain cohort was 7.25 versus 1.16 in the control cohort (p= 0.069). Centralized pain index survey responses were similar between both groups [median (IQR): 11.5 (7.25 - 15) vs. 9 (7-16), p=0.72)]. Figures 1A and 1B show a comparison of FA-WB-VCAM and FA-WB-Psel at baseline versus acute VOC for each chronic pain (P) “case” with their respective “controls (C).” The average baseline FA-WB-VCAM (P: 555.8 ± 605.3 vs. C: 435.3 ± 217 cells/mm2, p=0.905) and the average baseline FA-WB-PSel (P: 83.5 ± 64.5 vs. C: 57.33 ± 45.4, p=0.833) were similar between the cohort of chronic pain versus control subjects. Acute VOC FA-WB-VCAM (P: 722 ± 366.6 vs. C: 553.5 ± 309.6 cells/mm2, p=0.667) and FA-WB-PSel (P: 116.3 ± 66.6 vs. C: 98.7 ±96 cells/mm2, p=0.777) adhesion values were similar between cases and controls although adhesion values trended higher than baseline for both groups. All the cases had acute VOC adhesion indices above clinically established critical thresholds [Figure 1A and 1B]. The FA-WB-VCAM adhesion values increased from baseline in 75% (n=3) of the chronic pain patients (#3, #14, #16) during acute VOC. All the chronic pain patients (#3, #7, #14, #16) showed increased FA-WB-Psel adhesion from baseline during acute VOC [Figure 1A and 1B]. Fifty percent (n=3) of the control patients (#10, #12, #28) exhibited increased FA-WB-VCAM adhesion during acute VOC, and 60% (n=4) of the controls (#4, #5, #10, #28) exhibited increased FA-WB-Psel adhesion during acute VOC. Conclusions: We showed changes in RBC health vascular adhesion markers from baseline to acute VOC in patients with and without chronic pain. FA-WB-VCAM and FA-WB-Psel trended higher in the chronic pain cohort and all acute VOC values for the chronic pain cohort were above established critical thresholds. FA-WB-Psel adhesion increased from baseline with the onset of acute VOC episodes for most of the chronic pain cohort. Mechanistically, there is a need to understand differences in acute versus chronic pain, which may provide further insight into pro-adhesive versus non-vascular pain mechanisms.
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Phuke, Rahul M., Xinyao He, Philomin Juliana, Muhammad R. Kabir, Krishna K. Roy, Felix Marza, Chandan Roy et al. "Identification of Genomic Regions and Sources for Wheat Blast Resistance through GWAS in Indian Wheat Genotypes". Genes 13, n.º 4 (27 de março de 2022): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13040596.
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Wheat blast (WB) is a devastating fungal disease that has recently spread to Bangladesh and poses a threat to the wheat production in India, which is the second-largest wheat producing country in the world. In this study, 350 Indian wheat genotypes were evaluated for WB resistance in 12 field experiments in three different locations, namely Jashore in Bangladesh and Quirusillas and Okinawa in Bolivia. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome were obtained using DArTseq® technology, and 7554 filtered SNP markers were selected for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). All the three GWAS approaches used identified the 2NS translocation as the only major source of resistance, explaining up to 32% of the phenotypic variation. Additional marker-trait associations were located on chromosomes 2B, 3B, 4D, 5A and 7A, and the combined effect of three SNPs (2B_180938790, 7A_752501634 and 5A_618682953) showed better resistance, indicating their additive effects on WB resistance. Among the 298 bread wheat genotypes, 89 (29.9%) carried the 2NS translocation, the majority of which (60 genotypes) were CIMMYT introductions, and 29 were from India. The 2NS carriers with a grand mean WB index of 6.6 showed higher blast resistance compared to the non-2NS genotypes with a mean index of 46.5. Of the 52 durum wheats, only one genotype, HI 8819, had the 2NS translocation and was the most resistant, with a grand mean WB index of 0.93. Our study suggests that the 2NS translocation is the only major resistance source in the Indian wheat panel analysed and emphasizes the urgent need to identify novel non-2NS resistance sources and genomic regions.
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Fon, Fabian Nde, Ignatius Verla Nsahlai, Peter Frank Scogings e Nasreldin Abdelrahim Dafaalla Basha. "In Vitro Cellulase Production from Five Herbivore Microbial Ecosystems and Consortia". Annals of Animal Science 14, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2014): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2014-0001.
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Abstract As the most abundant biomass in nature, cellulose is the main chemical component in herbivore forages. The energy locked in these complex polymers can only be released by cellulolytic enzymes. Therefore, research aiming to increase the expression of cellulolytic enzymes or browsing uncultured microbial ecosystem in search of potential fibrolytic enzymes is imperative. The main objectives were to: (a) investigate the variation of cellulase enzymes in cow (CW), horse (H), miniature horse (mH), wildebeest (WB) and zebra (ZB); and (b) identify their presence and activeness in microbial consortia, N1 (H+WB), N2 (H+ZB), N3 (WB+ZB) and N4 (H+WB+ZB). Fresh faecal or rumen inocula were cultured in the laboratory on maize stover and lucerne (1:1) with salivary buffer for 72 h at 38°C. Crude proteins (CPZ) were precipitated from both fresh and cultured inocula using 60% ammonium sulfate for enzyme assays and zymography. Endocellulases and their activity were identified on 1% (m/v) carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) zymograms stained with Congo red. All CPZ extracts were active as reducing sugars were produced after incubation with crystalline cellulose, CMC and xylan. The number and types of proteins with endocellulase activity varied (P<0.05) among and within the different animal species CW (15), H (14), mH (14), WB (13) and ZB (13). Microbial consortia were active with relatively higher number of endocellulases, N1 (17), N3 (14), N4 (14), and N2 (13). Cellulase enzymes vary among and within herbivore species grazing on the same or different fields. Therefore, identifying specific enzymes and microbes with higher fibrolytic potentials from different ecosystems for transinoculation could play a vital role in improving forage digestibility in ruminants
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Mukendi, Mbuyamba Divin, e Nomvano Mketo. "Water-Based Microwave-Assisted Digestion Method for Electrochemical and Chromatographic Determination of Total Fluoride Ions in Toothpaste Samples". Applied Sciences 13, n.º 24 (17 de dezembro de 2023): 13315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132413315.
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Fluoride ions are the major constituents of dental products because they prevent cavities through bacterial growth inhibition. However, excessive consumption of fluoride ions results in fluorosis, thereby causing tooth staining and roughness. Therefore, there is a crucial need to develop rapid and effective methods for monitoring fluoride levels in dental products. The current study describes a greener water-based microwave-assisted digestion (WB-MAD) prior to fluoride-ion-selective electrode (F-ISE) measurement for the determination of fluoride ions in various toothpaste products. The optimum conditions of the developed WB-MAD method were 180 °C digestion temperature, 60 min digestion time, 0.05 g toothpaste amount and 10 mL distilled water. Under the optimum conditions, the method detection limit (MDL) of 0.00302 µg/kg and the method quantification limit (MQL) of 0.01007 µg/kg obtained were favorably comparable with the literature reports. The proposed WB-MAD method was both accurate (99.2 to 101%) and precise (≤0.75%) for the quantitative determination of F− in toothpaste samples using F-ISE. Furthermore, the newly developed WB-MAD method showed better accuracy (97–100%) than the traditional microwave-assisted acid digestion methods (71–92%). It is worth indicating that since water was used as the only digestion reagent, it was possible to validate the F-ISE results with ion chromatography (IC). The percentage recoveries obtained from IC (91–104%) and F-ISE (93–100%) were statistically insignificant. In view of the validation data, the proposed WB-MAD method can be considered as an alternative to the conventional microwave-assisted acid digestion (MAAD) methods for the determination of F− in toothpaste samples containing sodium monofluorophosphate.
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Kurniawan, Hary, Sukmawaty Sukmawaty, Ansar Ansar, Kurniawan Yuniarto, Murad Murad e Rahmat Sabani. "Penentuan Konstanta Laju Pengeringan Coconut Chips". JURNAL SAINS TEKNOLOGI & LINGKUNGAN 7, n.º 1 (25 de junho de 2021): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v7i1.205.
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This study aims to determine the drying rate constant of coconut chips using an oven. Coconut chips drying is carried out at drying temperatures of 50 ° C, 60 ° C and 70 ° C. Drying coconut chips has been conducted at an initial water content of 40-50% wb until it reached ± 10% wb. The change of moisture content was measured every 15 minutes, and the measurement of the water content was determined by the thermogravimetric method. Newton's model was used in determining the observation drying rate constant. Furthermore, the observation drying rate constant was applied to predict the drying rate constant as a function of temperature using the Arrhenius equation. The results showed that the predicted drying rate constants ranged from 0.0090 - 0.0130 minute-1.
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Slichter, Sherrill J., Jill Corson, Mary Kay Jones, Esther Pellham, Todd Christoffel, Shawn Bailey e Doug Bolgiano. "Post-Transfusion Viability of 7-Day Stored Platelet (Plt) Concentrates Prepared after An Overnight Hold of Whole Blood (WB) at 22°C". Blood 112, n.º 11 (16 de novembro de 2008): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.287.287.
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Abstract Background: Currently, plt concentrates have to be prepared within 8 hours of WB blood collection. An overnight hold of the WB at 22°C would provide several advantages to blood centers: 1) plt concentrates could be prepared from every unit of WB regardless of the distance from the collection site to the processing center; and 2) plt concentrates could be processed on a single shift which would reduce operating costs. However, there is no data available on the post-storage in vivo viability of plt-rich plasma (PRP) prepared plt concentrates that have been isolated after 22°C WB storage beyond 8 hours. Methods: Plt concentrates were prepared from WB within 1 hour of collection or after the WB had been stored at 22°C for 22 ± 2 hours. Two methods of maintaining the extended stored WB at 22°C before preparing plt concentrates were evaluated: 1) a WB unit was placed on a Compocool plate (Fresenius Corporation, Hamburg, Germany) in a container; or 2) a WB unit was placed in a 22°C incubator. All three types of plt concentrates were stored for 7 days, and, on day 7, fresh plts were prepared from a 43 ml WB sample drawn from the same volunteer donor. The stored and fresh plts were alternately labeled with 51Cr or 111In in sequential donors. Following simultaneous transfusion of the donor’s fresh and stored plts, serial blood samples were drawn to determine the recovery and survival of each donor’s stored compared to their fresh plts. The FDA has proposed acceptance criteria for post-storage plt viability: 1) stored plt recoveries should be 66% of the same donor’s fresh plt recoveries; and 2) stored plt survivals should be 58% of the same donor’s fresh plt survivals. Results: There were no significant differences in donor plt counts nor in fresh plt recoveries and survivals among the 32 donors who participated in the 3 studies (see table). Donor plt counts averaged 248,000 ± 13,000/μl, fresh plt recoveries averaged 63 ± 13%, and survivals 8.2 ± 1.5 days. There were no significant differences in any pre- or post-storage plt measurement based on how the WB was stored overnight at 22°C. However, combining all of the data from the plts prepared after an overnight hold of the WB, every plt parameter improved compared to plt concentrates prepared within 1 hour of donation. The plt counts of the concentrates were significantly increased from 6.2 ± 3.5 to 8.6 ± 2.2 × 1010 (p=0.02). Plt recoveries increased from 43 ± 13% to 49 ± 12%, plt survivals from 4.1 ± 1.5 days to 4.7 ± 1.3 days, and both the percentage of stored vs fresh plt recoveries increased from 72 ± 11% to 75 ± 11% and survivals from 51 ± 16% to 58 ± 13%, respectively, for plt concentrates prepared within 1 hour of WB collection compared to plt concentrates prepared after extended WB storage. However, none of these plt viability measurements were statistically significantly different. Conclusions: Storing WB for 22 ± 2 hours at 22°C before preparing PRP plt concentrates vs preparing PRP plt concentrates within 1 hour of WB donation significantly increases the yield of plts in a concentrate by 43% while concurrently improving all measures of 7-day post-storage plt viability. With an overnight hold of the WB, both stored plt recoveries and survivals meet the proposed FDA criteria for post-storage plt viability. In contrast, only plt recoveries meet the proposed post-storage viability criterion for the short-term held WB. In summary, these data document that an overnight hold of the WB, rather than being possibly detrimental, actually improves both the quantity as well as the quality of plts in a PRP plt concentrate. IN VIVO RADIOLABELED AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET RECOVERIES AND SURVIVALS OF PRP PLATELET CONCENTRATES STORED FOR 7 DAYS N Storage Conditions Plt Recoveries (%) Plt Survivals (Days) WB Storage Time (Hours) Maintain 22°C Storage Temperature Fresh Donors’ Plt Counts/μl Plt Count Of Concentrate (×1010) Stored Stored As A % Of Fresh Fresh Stored Stored As A % Of Fresh 12 ≤1 --- 243,000 ±49,000 6.2±3.5 60±11 43±13 72±11 8.2±1.7 4.1±1.5 51±16 11 22±2 Compocool plate 237,000 ±37,000 8.0±2.2 63±14 47±13 74±11 8.0±1.5 4.6±1.7 57±13 9 22±2 Incubator 271,000 ±91,000 9.8±2.6 66±13 51±10 78±10 8.4±1.3 4.8±0.8 59±13 Data reported as average ±1 S.D.
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Prabawa, S., A. Raida, R. Hartanto e B. Yudhistira. "The physicochemical quality of yellow chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum indicum) brewed drink". Food Research 7, n.º 3 (6 de maio de 2023): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(3).840.
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Chrysanthemum flowers (Chrysanthemums indicum) are processed into several products such as brewed drinks because they have good health benefits. The production process of commercial chrysanthemum flower brewed drinks still uses a conventional dryer with solar energy, this can reduce the quality of dried chrysanthemum flower both physical and chemical quality. Our objectives were to evaluate the chemical and physical quality of yellow chrysanthemum flower brewed drink by a cabinet dryer (CD). The materials used were fresh yellow chrysanthemum flowers with a moisture content of 83.00% (wb). The experimental design of this study used six treatments, including CD at 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, fresh flowers, and commercial chrysanthemum brewed drinks obtained from the market with storage of 1 day and 2 weeks. The parameters analyzed were moisture content, water activity, shrinkage, colour, antioxidant activity, total phenol, and sensory analysis. After evaluation demonstrated that the drying method using a CD at 60°C was the most optimal drying, with an average moisture content value of 15.18% (wb), the value of water activity is 0.25, shrinkage value for length and width, respectively 18.17% and 14.89%, the antioxidant activity of 87.67%, total phenol of 15.17%, and sensory evaluation results with the best formulation obtained in the sample with drying CD at 60°C.
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Tamaroh, S., e T. Purwani. "Physical, Chemical, and Preference Levels of Macaroni, formulated with wheat flour, mocaf flour, and purple yam flour". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1338, n.º 1 (1 de maio de 2024): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1338/1/012041.
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Abstract This research aims to make macaroni from wheat flour, which is substituted with mocaf flour and purple yam flour. It is hoped that the macaroni produced will contain anthocyanin as a natural antioxidant. Macaroni made using wheat flour: mocaf flour (g:g), 10:60; 20:50; 30:40 and 10:70; 20:60 30:50 and 10:80; 20:70; 30:60 and purple yam flour treatment of 30; 20 and 10 g. The experimental design in this study was a completely randomized design with two replications; the parameters analyzed were antioxidant activity (DPPH), anthocyanin content, total phenol content, color, and preference of macaroni. The data obtained was subjected to a statistical test using the ANOVA method at a confidence level of 95%, and then the DNMRT test was carried out. The research showed that macaroni made with wheat flour, mocaf flour 20 g:50 g, and purple yam flour 30 g produced macaroni with high antioxidant activity (8.3% RSA) and was preferred. This research can reduce the use of flour in making macaroni. The characteristics of macaroni from this research are total phenolic content 52.20 mg GAE/100 gr (wb), anthocyanin content 16.39 mg/100 g (wb), color L* = 48.59, a*=3.62, b* = -0,99 and overall acceptance = 3.38 (more preferred).
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Villacieros, Jorge, Javier Pérez-Tejero, Guadalupe Garrido, Lena Grams, África López-Illescas e Amelia Ferro. "Relationship between Sprint Velocity and Peak Moment at Shoulder and Elbow in Elite Wheelchair Basketball Players". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 19 (24 de setembro de 2020): 6989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196989.
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Specific wheelchair basketball (WB) skills on the court have been poorly analyzed in relation to improving players’ performance according to their functional class. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between maximum velocity (Vmax) and peak moment (PM) in the shoulder and elbow joints in specific WB skills and to compare performance between the main two groups by functional class. Twelve male WB players, divided in categories A (functional classes 1.0–2.5) and B (class 3.0–4.5), performed a sprint test battery composed by four tests (with and without ball) and isokinetic tests. A significant relationship between PM of the internal and external shoulder rotation and the flexion and extension elbow with Vmax (p < 0.05) was found. During a 5 m backward sprint test, category B was faster in the last three meters than category A (p < 0.05) and also for the rest of the test but p = NS. Category B showed higher PM than category A for internal shoulder rotation (ISR) at 60 °/s and at 180 °/s on the dominant side (DS) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ISR on the DS was found different for both groups and showed significant relationship with Vmax in all of the tests performed. Moreover, at higher speeds the elbow flexion and extension in DS were correlated with Vmax in all the actions with ball (passing, bouncing, and braking) reflected the importance of these joints movements in acquiring speed when performing sport specific WB skills.
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Alves, R. P. A., A. S. Rodrigues, V. W. S. Santos, E. M. Damasceno, G. M. Prado, K. C. Souza, T. B. Nunes Neto, A. A. Pinheiro, M. S. P. Cruz e R. R. Pinheiro. "Bases para um programa de controle da artrite encefalite caprina em rebanho leiteiro". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 72, n.º 6 (dezembro de 2020): 2053–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11695.
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RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar um programa de controle da artrite encefalite caprina (AEC), por meio de testes diagnósticos sensíveis, separação de mãe e cria após o parto e medidas de manejo, com o intuito de formar rebanho livre do vírus. Utilizou-se um total de 47 cabritos da raça Saanen, mantidos isoladamente até o resultado dos primeiros testes de reação em cadeia de polimerase nested (PCR nested) e Western Blotting (WB), com base na coleta de sangue no momento do nascimento (M0). No PCR nested, quatro animais foram positivos, no M0, e foram eutanasiados. Posteriormente, os demais 43 cabritos foram submetidos à coleta de sangue aos 60 (M60) e 270 (M270) dias de vida para realização de novos testes de WB e PCR nested, que não detectaram animais positivos. Pode-se afirmar que a metodologia adotada neste estudo foi efetiva no controle da doença, nas fases de aleitamento e pós-aleitamento, e que a combinação do sistema de manejo, a fim de propiciar diminuição de risco de transmissão horizontal, com técnicas de diagnóstico mais apuradas, como o WB e a PCR nested, é relevante para elaboração de plano estratégico de controle da enfermidade.
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Jy, Wenche, Joaquin J. Jimenez, Loreta Bidot, Jaehoon Bang, Lawrence L. Horstman, Carlos J. Bidot e Yeon-Soong Ahn. "Surface Adhesion and Growth of Microaggregates under Flow Conditions (I): Role of Cell-Derived Microparticles and Leukocytes." Blood 110, n.º 11 (16 de novembro de 2007): 3725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3725.3725.
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Abstract BACKGROUND. Circulating blood cells and endothelial cells (EC) shed small membranous vesicles termed cell-derived microparticles (MP) upon activation or apoptosis. Many MP species carry procoagulant activity and cell adhesion molecules (CAM) which can mediate interactions with platelets, leukocytes and EC. Therefore, it has been proposed that some species of MP play important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. To gain new insight on possible MP modulation of cell adhesion to surfaces under flow conditions, we evaluated effects of adding selected MP types to whole blood (WB) or to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) under flow conditions at physiological shear rates. METHODS. A cone-and-plate analyzer (CPA) equipped with microscope and imaging analysis software was used to investigate cell adhesion and growth of micro-aggregates on the plate surface under flow (shear) conditions (Diamed Impact-R). Citrated WB or PRP (110 μL) was preincubated with 20 μL of selected MP for 10 min, then subjected to 1800 sec−1 shear rate for 2 min. Endothelial MP (EMP) were obtained from the supernatant of cultured renal microvascular endothelial cells activated by TNF-α (10 nM) for 24 hr. Platelet MP (PMP) were generated by exposure of PRP to ADP (10 μM) for 30 min. Red cell MP (RMP) were prepared by exposure of washed RBC to calcium ionophore (10 μM) for 60 min. All MP were washed twice with PBS and resuspended at 2 × 106 /μL. Images of adherent microaggregates were measured in terms of percent surface coverage (SC), average size, and number of adherent objects. RESULTS. The difference between PRP and WB: There was 3-fold greater SC and 2-fold larger aggregate size in WB (p<0.0001, p<0.002, respectively) compared to PRP, but no difference in number of objects. This suggests that platelets act as initial seeds, since number of objects was similar between WB and PRP; and that other cells present in WB contribute strongly to the growth of the initial seeds into larger aggregates. This was further supported by finding that addition of washed leukocytes (but not RBC) to PRP resulted in substantial increase of size and SC, to values similar to WB. Effect of PMP: Addition of PMP to PRP had no effect on any parameter. However, addition of PMP to WB had a strong effect, increasing both SC and size (p=0.01), but not number of objects. We attribute this effect to recruitment of leukocytes in WB by PMP. Effect of EMP: In contrast to PMP, addition of EMP to PRP caused all parameters to increase markedly (SC, p=0.005; size, p=0.002; number, p=0.008). Based on our previous work, we attribute this effect may be similar to the in the oresence ristocetin. When EMP were added to WB, again all values increased compared to WB alone, but less markedly (SC, p=0.001; size, p=0.02; number, p=0.03). Effect of RMP: Addition of RMP to either WB or PRP had no significant effect. CONCLUSIONS. First, we demonstrate that platelets are the initial seeds of aggregate deposition on the plate of this device, and that subsequent growth in size depends on both platelets and leukocytes. Second, we show that both PMP and EMP are active in promoting aggregate growth, but in different ways: PMP apparently act mainly to recruit leukocytes, and EMP act to promote platelet adhesion and growth of aggregates. The underlying mechanisms of MP species on adhesion and growth of aggregates and the physiologic or pathologic significance of these observations is being further explored.