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Koprivica, Marko, e Svetlana Kašiković-Lečić. "Causes, consequences, and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in humans". Medicinski casopis 57, n.º 3 (2023): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mckg57-43860.
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This group of vitamins consists of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3, which are synthesized in the body of some invertebrates and plants, but also in the human body. Ultraviolet rays cause vitamin D to integrate under the skin. The vitamin is transported via specific proteins to all parts of the body, where it performs numerous roles. The low level of vitamin D in blood is a current public health problem. Vitamin D deficiency is especially pronounced among the elderly and obese. Currently, vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in bone and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, malignant, autoimmune and allergies diseases. That is why it is extremely essential to establish and correct the deficiency of this vitamin in a timely manner. Compensation can be done partly through food, but also through oral supplements, and in more severe cases, by intramuscular administration of vitamins.
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Khan, Nauman, e Tahmina. "Vitamin D Deficiency in the Elderly Patients and Role of Vitamin D in the Prevention of COVID-19 Infection". European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, n.º 2 (31 de março de 2021): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.2.765.
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SARS Covid'19 is declared as a global pandemic by World Health Organization [1]. The aim of this short report is to find out the association of Vitamin D in prevention of Covid'19 in elderly patients who are already having other co-morbidities. People of any age are susceptible to Corona virus but the elderly patients and patients with chronic underlying diseases are at higher risk. Many elderly patients with COVID-19 are at risk of mal-nutrition [2].
Vitamins are of two types, Lipid soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins [3]. Lipid soluble vitamins can be stored in the body while water soluble vitamins cannot be stored in the body, hence needed to take regularly [4]. Vitamin D is a lipid soluble vitamin also it can be synthesized by our own body.
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Ravichandran, S., Hülya Çiçek, Rumeysa Duyuran e R. M. Madhumitha Sri. "Biochemistry and metabolism of vitamin D". International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research 10, n.º 1 (15 de abril de 2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcbr.2023.005.
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Vitamins are generally essential; they are mandatory compounds that are not produced in the body and must be taken through food. These compounds, which play a role in enzyme reactions as coenzymes, are indispensable for the human organism. Among them, vitamin D, which is of great importance, can be made in the body differently from others. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin. Since its chemical structure is similar to steroid hormones and is synthesized in tissue and released into the circulatory system due act on the target tissue, it can also be classified as a hormone. Vitamin D is a fairly important steroid hormone that plays a role in maintaining bone and calcium homeostasis.
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Mochulska, O. M., O. R. Boyarchuk, M. I. Kinash, T. O. Vorontsova e L. A. Volianska. "The effects of vitamins A, E, D, disorders of their metabolism and the assessment of level of vitamin security in children (literature review)". Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, n.º 2(114) (27 de março de 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2021.114.58.
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Vitamins are a group of biologically highly active, low molecular weight organic compounds of various chemical nature, which are practically not synthesized in the human body or are synthesized in insufficient quantities, mainly income with food, and are vital to ensure for the flow and regulation of metabolic processes in the body. Vitamins are micronutrients that are among the essential (essential) factors of nutrition, their content in food is small, usually in the range from 10 to 100 mg/100 g. Vitamins have an exceptional property — the ability to high biological activity in small doses, without being a source of energy or plastic material, act as biological catalysts for vital body functions. According to physicochemical properties and solubility, vitamins A, E, D belong to fat-soluble, are characterized by thermal stability, resistant to cysts and alkalis, their main characteristic is the ability to promote the assimilation of mаcro- and microelements. Vitamins A, E, D are needed at all stages of growth and development of the child's body, the processes of adaptation. The main types of vitamins metabolism disorders are vitamin deficiency, hypo-, hyper- and dysvitaminosis, polyvitaminosis. It is important to constantly monitor the sufficient content of each vitamins in the daily diet of children. The following methods of assessing vitamin supply are known: clinical, biochemical, calculation of vitamin content. Purpose — to increase knowledgment about the effects of vitamins A, E, D, their importance in metabolism, to analyze the main types of their metabolism disorders, to present possible methods for assessing the supply of vitamins in children. Conclusions. The child's body needs a constant supply of vitamins to maintain their amount at the required level. All vital processes take place in the body during the direct participation of vitamins. Future research in the field of the vitamins A, E, D effects will contribute to a better understanding of their role in ensuring the optimal functioning in a human body. Screening and elimination of vitamin A, E, D deficiency in children can not only improve health, but also help increase the life quality. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: vitamins A, E, D, vitamin deficiency, hypovitaminosis, hypervitaminosis, dysvitaminosis, polyvitaminosis, children.
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Kaminsky, O. V. "Vitamin D dosage". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) 17, n.º 5 (4 de janeiro de 2022): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.17.5.2021.241524.
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Despite its historical name, vitamin D is not a vitamin at all but a hormone that, when activated, is a metabolically active steroid fat-soluble hormone that acts on cellular receptors. Vitamin D hormone is synthesized endogenously and then metabolized in the body, provi-ding that there are the necessary precursors and some factors — the effects of ultraviolet light on the skin. At the same time, vitamins themselves are nutrients, co-factors of biochemical reactions that are not synthesized in the body and cannot interact with receptors, consumed with food, so the hormone D is not a vitamin. Disputes about its use and dosage continue throughout the study period of vitamin D hormone. Most reputable experts in Europe and the USA support the need to replenish and maintain a normal level of vitamin D, believing it to be completely safe and useful. In 2011, the US Endocrine Society issued clinical practice guidelines for vitamin D, indicating that the desired serum concentration of 25(OH)D is > 75 nmol/l (> 30 ng/ml) to achieve the maximum effect of this vitamin on calcium metabolism, bone, and muscle metabolism. According to them, for a consistent increase in serum 25(OH)D above 75 nmol/l (30 ng/ml), adults may require at least 1,500-2,000 IU/day of additional vitamin D, at least 1,000 IU/day in children and adolescents. The most common form of thyroid dysfunction is secondary hyperparathyroidism, which develops due to vitamin D defect/deficiency (80–90 %). Non-optimal serum concentrations of 25(OH)D lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism, potentially leading to decreased bone mineralization and, ultimately, to an increased risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis and fractures, cardiac arrhythmia, and increased blood pressure. Vitamin D is most commonly used at a star-ting dose of 5,000 IU daily for 2–3 months, then transferring patients to maintenance doses of 2,000–4,000 IU/day daily that are consi-dered safe. However, it should be noted that some patients will need constant administration of 5,000 IU of vitamin D per day for a long time (years) to maintain the target optimal level of 25(OH)D in the blood, especially in patients with normocalcemic forms of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Jandrić-Kočič, Marijana. "Vitamin D and hypertension". Medicinski glasnik Specijalne bolnice za bolesti štitaste žlezde i bolesti metabolizma 28, n.º 89 (2023): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mgiszm2389076j.
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Vitamin D is the name for a group of fatsoluble secosteroids, prohormones. Almost all tissues of the human body have vitamin D receptors. 3% of the human genome is under the influence of vitamin D. A significant number of epidemiological studies confirmed the integral connection of vitamin D and its metabolites with the value of blood pressure. Vitamin D lowers blood pressure by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, modulating the tone of vascular smooth muscle cells and influencing the vascular endothelium. The results of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses of the same do not generally support the widespread use of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension. Nevertheless, a large number of experimental studies confirm the antihypertensive effect of vitamin D supplementation predominantly in people aged ≥ 50 years as well as obese people with vitamin D deficiency. Further research is needed to determine the potential benefit of vitamin D replacement therapy in hypertensive people.
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Andini, Ary, Farah Nuriannisa, Gilang Nugraha, Nathalya Dwi Kartika Sari, Muslikha Nourma Rhomadhoni, Satya Nugraha Wirayudha, Eka Apriliani Maisurotun Sholeh, Audria Intan Faradita e Fika Dwi Wahyuningtiyas. "The effect of dietary antioxidant vitamins on malondialdehyde, white blood cells, and platelets". Bali Medical Journal 12, n.º 2 (16 de junho de 2023): 1892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i2.4284.
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Introduction: Vitamins have a main role in controlling metabolism in the body and the immune system. Vitamins A, C, and E are known as antioxidant nutrients and vitamin D is essential for innate and adaptive immune function. This study is aimed to analyze the effect of vitamin intake regularly on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, white blood cell (WBCs) and platelet counts, and differences count of leukocyte Method: The study used 6 groups including the control group without intervention and the intervention group intake of one tablet of vitamin a day for 7 days which were divided into groups of vitamin A 2000 IU, vitamin C 1000 mg, vitamin D 400 IU, vitamin E 100 IU and multivitamins C 1000 mg and D 400 IU Results: Based on the study was explained that vitamins C, D, and E and multivitamins C and D were able to reduce MDA levels and leukocyte counts descriptively but not significantly. The differential leukocyte count has various levels depending on the type of vitamin. Conclusion: Therefore, the consumption of vitamins A, C, D, and E and multivitamins C and D had no significant effect on MDA levels, WBCs count, platelets count, and differential count of leukocyte.
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Tripathy, Tridibesh, Shankar Das, Dharmendra Pratap Singh, Rakesh Dwivedi, Mohini Gautam, Umakant Prusty, Jeevan Krushna Pattanaik, Pramod Bihary Pradhan, S. N. Pandey e Sudhansh Sudhansh. "Homoeopathy & the ‘Sunshine Vitamin’". EAS Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences 6, n.º 01 (13 de janeiro de 2024): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjnfs.2024.v06i01.002.
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There are four fat soluble vitamins & two water soluble vitamins. The fat soluble vitamins are A, D, E & K. The water soluble ones are B & C. The current article discusses the fat soluble vitamin D & its relation to homoeopathic therapeutics. Among the AYUSH ministry of the Government of India, Homoeopathy is ‘H’ in the AYUSH acronym. In homoeopathic therapeutics, oils are a source of medicine. There are many medicines in homoeopathy that are prepared from oils. The sunshine vitamin medicines are such medicine prepared from oils. The role of these medicines is seen in the light of the role of the vitamin D in the body. The benefits of homoeopathy through its qualities of cost effectiveness, clinical effectiveness & zero side effects can be used for mass coverage. Similarly, masses can benefit through large scale roll out of the medicine prepared from the oil which is the source of vitamin D. The dual benefit of this homoeopathic medicine is that it can be used as a supplement & medicine as well. Therefore, this medicine can be a tool in the vitamin A prophylaxis program, as a supplement in the nutritional programs & finally in bone health through its role in calcium & phosphorus metabolism in the body.
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Adeyeye, Emmanuel Ilesanmi, e Olatoye Rauf Abioye. "Vitamins Composition in <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> Fish Body Parts (Liver, Muscle, Head): Reporting on Samples on Fresh, Smoked-Dried and Dry Extract Bases". International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine 17 (26 de outubro de 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.17.1.
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An investigation into the vitamins composition levels in Clariasgariepinus fish was carried out and reported in dry extract/fresh; dry extract / smoked-dried on individual vitamins and the sum of the whole vitamins. Parts investigated were liver, muscle and head. Whereas fresh and smoked-dried data were laboratory results, the dry extract portions were calculated and reported as dry extract /fresh sample, dry extract / smoked-dried sample for liver, muscle and head. Results obtained ran thus and all values were in mg/100g vitamin where d = difference, CV% = coefficient of variation and % difference = % value that shows what made dry extract value greater than its reported comparison: dry extract/fresh, % d = 74.5 (all), CV% = 84.0 (all), in liver; dry extract/smoked, % d =24.5 (all), CV% = 19.7 (all), in liver; dry extract/fresh, % d = 74.3 (all), CV% = 83.6 (all), in muscle; ndry extract/smoked, % d = 10.2 (all), CV% =7.60 (all), in muscle;m dry extract/fresh, % d = 68.5 (all), CV% = 73.7 (all), in head; dry extract/smoked, % d = 9.10 (all), CV% = 6.74 (all), in head; dry extract/fresh, % d = 71.9- 74.5, CV% = 79.4 - 82.4 in total vitamin body load; dry extract/smoked, % d = 9. 69- 24.5, CV% = 7.20 - 19.7 in total vitamin body load; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 69.6 - 82.0 in liver; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 72.3 - 76.3 in muscle; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 62.9 - 75.2 in head; dry extract (fresh) – dry extract (smoked), %d = 69.7- 79.0 in total vitamins body load.Among the dry extract values calculated from fresh samples and subjected to chi-square (χ2) values, significant values were observed in vitamins B6, C, A, B1, D, E and total at α=0.05. In the dry extract values from smoked samples, only three significant χ2 values in vitamins A, E and total were observed. In reflection to vitamin concentration levels, percentage higher levels in dry extracts (from fresh) had these trends: liver (74.5%) > muscle (74.3%) > head (68.5%) whereas from smoked, we had liver (24.5%) > muscle (10.2%) > head (9.10%). Also total vitamin body load from dry extract (fresh) was 71.9-74.5% difference and dry extract (smoked) was 9.69 -24.5% difference. It should be noted that liver occupied the higher part of the range in the two comparisons, like 74.5% (fresh) and 24.5% (smoked).
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Varsamis, Nikolaos, Georgios A. Christou, Christos Derdemezis, Alexandros Tselepis e Dimitrios Kiortsis. "The Associations of Dietary Vitamin K Intake and Circulating Vitamin 25(OH)D with Serum Lipoprotein Levels: The Vitamin Deficiency Matters". Hormone and Metabolic Research 55, n.º 03 (27 de fevereiro de 2023): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2020-2080.
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AbstractA synergistic interplay between vitamins K and D appears to exist. We aimed to investigate for the first time whether the associations of dietary vitamin K intake and circulating 25(OH)D with serum lipoprotein levels are influenced by the existence of deficiency of either or both vitamins K and D. Sixty individuals [24 males, 36(18–79) years old] were examined. Vitamin deficiency of K1 and D were defined as vitamin K1 intake/body weight (BW)<1.00 μg/kg/day and circulating 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml, respectively. In individuals with vitamin K1 deficiency, the vitamin K1 intake/BW correlated positively with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (r=0.509, p=0.008) and negatively with serum triglycerides (TG) (r=–0.638, p=0.001), whereas circulating 25(OH)D correlated negatively with TG (r=–0.609, p=0.001). In individuals with vitamin D deficiency, the vitamin K1 intake/BW correlated positively with HDL-C (r=0.533, p=0.001) and negatively with TG (r=–0.421, p=0.009), while circulating 25(OH)D correlated negatively with TG (r=–0.458, p=0.004). The above-mentioned associations of vitamin K1 intake/BW and circulating 25(OH)D with serum lipoproteins were not detected in individuals without vitamin K1 deficiency or the ones without vitamin D deficiency. The vitamin K2 intake/BW correlated negatively with low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (r=–0.404, p=0.001). In conclusion, the associations of vitamin K1 intake with TG and HDL-C and of circulating 25(OH)D with TG were more pronounced in individuals with deficiency of either or both vitamins K1 and D. Increased dietary vitamin K2 intake was associated with decreased LDL-C.
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Heo, Jin-Chul, Doyoon Kim, Hyunsoo An, Chang-Sik Son, Sangwoo Cho e Jong-Ha Lee. "A Novel Biosensor and Algorithm to Predict Vitamin D Status by Measuring Skin Impedance". Sensors 21, n.º 23 (4 de dezembro de 2021): 8118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21238118.
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The deficiency and excess of vitamin D cause various diseases, necessitating continuous management; but it is not easy to accurately measure the serum vitamin D level in the body using a non-invasive method. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels, body information obtained by an InBody scan, and blood parameters obtained during health checkups, to determine the optimum frequency of vitamin D quantification in the skin and to propose a vitamin D measurement method based on impedance. We assessed body composition, arm impedance, and blood vitamin D concentrations to determine the correlation between each element using multiple machine learning analyses and an algorithm which predicted the concentration of vitamin D in the body using the impedance value developed. Body fat percentage obtained from the InBody device and blood parameters albumin and lactate dehydrogenase correlated with vitamin D level. An impedance measurement frequency of 21.1 Hz was reflected in the blood vitamin D concentration at optimum levels, and a confidence level of about 75% for vitamin D in the body was confirmed. These data demonstrate that the concentration of vitamin D in the body can be predicted using impedance measurement values. This method can be used for predicting and monitoring vitamin D-related diseases and may be incorporated in wearable health measurement devices.
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Bolamperti, Simona, Isabella Villa e Andrea Giustina. "The fine crosstalk between vitamin D and pituitary gland". International Journal of Bone Fragility 3, n.º 1 (1 de junho de 2023): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.57582/ijbf.230301.002.
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Vitamin D, unlike other vitamins, is a fat-soluble steroid hormone rather than a cofactor for enzymatic reactions. The main role of vitamin D is to regulate bone metabolism and calcium-phosphate homeostasis. Lack of vitamin D causes osteomalacia and osteoporosis in adults, and rickets in children. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression levels throughout the body are quite variable. Interestingly, VDRs are found in pituitary tissue. Unsurprisingly, vitamin D levels might impact hypophyseal production or activity of hormones such as growth hormone, gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone), prolactin, corticotropin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). On the other hand, pituitary hormones also influence vitamin D metabolism and several pituitary diseases are known to impact bone health. The aim of the present review is to collect available data on the crosstalk between vitamin D and the pituitary gland.
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Andrade, Isabella Pedrotti Leme de, Taís Donha Yarid Angelieri, Vitória de Oliveira Cristóvão, Luiza Santucci Teixeira, Giovanna Rossetto Magalhães, Carolina Vieira Marum e João Kleber de Almeida Gentile. "Hypovitaminosis D in post bariatric patients: Narrative review". Brazilian Journal of Case Reports 3, n.º 3 (20 de fevereiro de 2023): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52600/2763-583x.bjcr.2023.3.3.3-7.
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Obesity can be associated with several diseases, signs, and symptoms. Among them, there is nutrient deficiency, especially vitamin D, which regulates calcium and phosphate and helps in bone remodeling. Vitamin D deficiency is related directly to the inadequate intake of foods rich in vitamins, less exposure to the sun and, mainly, to the sequestration of fat-soluble vitamins by the adipose tissue, making it even more difficult for the body to absorb them. Among these complications is the worsening of vitamin deficiency, with a focus on vitamin D, which is already present before the patient undergoes bariatric surgery. Regarding the types of bariatric surgery, each one establishes a degree of vitamin D deficiency that the patient will have postoperatively. That is, each type of bariatric surgery, as they are performed in different ways, directly interfere with the patient's absorption of vitamins. Postoperatively, vitamin D supplementation is recommended for all patients. However, due to poor patient compliance and lack of consent among physicians on the best form of supplementation, the deficiency is maintained, further impairing the treatment, and causing a worsening of the bariatric patient's condition.
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Babazadeh, Daryoush, Seyed Amin Razavi, Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany e Paul F Cotter. "Vitamin D Deficiency in Farm Animals: A Review". Farm Animal Health and Nutrition 1, n.º 1 (25 de setembro de 2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.58803/fahn.v1i1.7.
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One of the most effective vitamins in the musculoskeletal structure and immune system of farm animals is Vitamin D. The widespread risk of Vitamin D deficiency states is known widely resulting in autoimmune diseases, diabetes, rickets, metabolic bone diseases, and cancers. The aim of this review is to address the subject of Vitamin D deficiency in farm animals and the role of vitamin D in health and deficiency states. Although Vitamin D deficiency is generally defined as < 20 ng/mL in serum, but this level remains to be discussed. Vitamin D synthesis in the skin is the major source of Vitamin D in the body and is influenced by genetic and several environmental factors, such as length of sun exposure, season, and latitude. Sun exposure might be limited during winter in some areas, such as northern latitudes. Thus, food sources can play essential roles in supplying the demand for vitamin D. Some animal species have more sensitivity to Vitamin D deficiency due to their different metabolism, homeostasis, and adaptation to specific diets and environments. Farm animal species, such as cattle, pigs, llamas, Alpacas, small ruminants, and broiler chickens are more sensitive to Vitamin D deficiency. However, some farm animal species including horses and donkeys usually have a low risk of Vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, the management of Vitamin D deficiency and its consequences are critical in some species. The inclusion of Vitamin D in the body of farm animals depended on farming practices, sun exposure in different seasons, and the content of diets. Due to the diversity of species, regulation of many ongoing processes in animals’ bodies, the complexity of Vitamin D metabolism, and different metabolites, more studies are necessary to find the vital roles of vitamin D in the prevention and control of diseases in farm animals.
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Sharba, Zahrah Fathi, Rawaa Hadi Shareef, Basim A. Abd e Evan Noori Hameed. "Association between Dyslipidemia and Vitamin D Deficiency: a Cross-Sectional Study". Folia Medica 63, n.º 6 (31 de dezembro de 2021): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e62417.
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Introduction: Dyslipidemia is one of the most common metabolic disorders. Vitamin D is one of the essential fat soluble vitamins which has many functions in the human body. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dyslipidemia and vitamin D deficiency. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study which included 130 participants (58 males and 72 females) aged between 20-70 years and conducted between June 1 and October 30, 2020. The level of vitamin D was determined for each participant; we also measured the serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, and low density lipoprotein. Results: There were 79 persons with vitamin D deficiency, 21 persons were vitamin D insufficient, and 10 - vitamin D sufficient. There were significant differences in the level of cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoproteins according to the level of vitamin D. Conclusions: Deficiency of vitamin D has a negative impact on the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoproteins.
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Nadilla, Syaffira Novitasari, Dharma Permana e Andri Gunawan. "The Level of Knowledge of Jatimulya Bekasi Village Residents on the Use of Vitamin D during the Covid 19 Pandemic and According to Islamic Overview". Junior Medical Journal 1, n.º 8 (8 de agosto de 2023): 949–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33476/jmj.v1i8.3178.
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The world is facing the Covid-19 pandemic, where the body is very susceptible to disease so, it requires increasing body resistance by increasing intake of vitamins, especially vitamin D (Nainggolan, 2020). Vitamin D is a pro-hormone that helps absorb calcium and boosts the immune system. Therefore, to prevent the negative effects arising from a deficiency or excess of vitamin D in the body, good knowledge is needed on the use of vitamin D. This research is to analyze level of knowledge of the residents RT 001 and RT 002 Jatimulya Bekasi regarding the use of vitamin D during the Covid-19 pandemic and to know the importance of seeking knowledge and maintaining health in Islam. This type of research is descriptive correlative and cross-sectional research design with the population studied being residents of RT 001 and RT 002, Jatimulya Bekasi Village, aged 17-55 years. The sample studied was 123 respondents with simple random sampling. This research method is univariate and bivariate analysis. The results showed that majority of people with good knowledge of use vitamin D were 63 people (51.2%). The statistic results among the factors of age, education, and work had no effect with a p-value> 0.05 on the level of knowledge on the use of vitamin D. In the Qur'an seeking knowledge and maintaining health which is a sign of the greatness of Allah SWT is an obligation.
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l, etin, Mehmet du e Emine l. "THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D AND BODY MASS INDEX AND INFLUENTIAL FACTORS". Annals of Medical Research 30, n.º 6 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/annalsmedres.2022.12.387.
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Introduction: A critical health problem that affects people all around the world is vitamin D deficiency. Fundamentally, obesity and vitamin D deficiency are acknowledged as major global public health problem. In this study, we examined the connection between low vitamin D levels and Body Mass Index (BMI), as well as the association between demographic factors and vitamin D. Methods: 207 participants who were 18 years old or older and had ever been diagnosed with a chronic disease were included in the study. The participants filled out a questionnaire to analyze their demographic characteristics and physical activity levels. As well as evaluating the body mass index, serum vitamin D levels were tested. Results: It was reported that among the study participants, there was a substantial positive association between levels of physical activity and vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels were found to be significantly negatively correlated with participant weight and BMI. Increasing weight and BMI lead to a reduction in vitamin D levels. It was demonstrated that gender, body mass index, physical activity level, marital status, vitamin D-containing food consumption state and consumption amount, vitamin D supplementation state, ways of going to work, daily exposure to sunlight, seasonal exposure to sunlight affects vitamin D levels. Conclusion: The study group was found to have very high levels of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, and there was a strong association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) serum level and physical activity level and BMI.
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Esmaeili dooki, M. R., L. Moslemi, A. A. Moghadamnia, M. Alijanpour Aghamaleki, A. Bijani, M. Pornasrollah e H. Ashrafianamiri. "Vitamin D status in preschool children: should vitamin D supplementation, preventing vitamin D deficiency be continued in children over 2 years?" Journal of Public Health 41, n.º 3 (22 de agosto de 2018): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy147.
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Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among preschool children in rural and urban areas of Northern Iran and need for continuing vitamin D supplementation after 2 years of age. Method A sample of 406 children aged 30–72 months was selected from health centres. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), demographic data, anthropometric characteristics and total body surface area, were evaluated. Results Subnormal vitamin D levels were found in 68.94% (269) of children. In multiple logistic regression models, season (P = 0.001) and residency (P = 0.006) were significantly correlated with vitamin D deficiency. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age (β = −0.18, P < 0.001), body mass index (β = −1.1, P < 0.001) and sun exposure (β = 0.4, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with 25OHD level. Conclusion Owing to the high prevalence of subnormal vitamin D levels in preschool children, it is recommended that vitamin D deficiency prevention programs are continued in this age group.
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Islam, Mohammad Shahidul, M. Younus Ali, Ripon Chandra Shil e M. Ranzu Ahmed. "Status of vitamin D and disease pattern among sedentary adults 18-60 years attending a selected institution in Dhaka city". International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 11, n.º 10 (29 de setembro de 2023): 3618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20233010.
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Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern affecting individuals across all the age groups in both the genders. It is an essential element that is essential for the production, regulation and absorption of calcium and phosphorus by the human body, as well as for the proper maintenance of teeth and bones and to make your immune system work. Vitamin D is not actually a vitamin; it falls under the pro-hormone category. Because the human body is perfectly capable of producing vitamin D on its own when exposed to sunlight, and vitamins are the type of nutrients that the body cannot or cannot produce automatically, that we consume through dietary supplements. Methods: It was a cross sectional study the sample size was 369. Vitamin D level of all the participants was estimated by using an ADVIA Centaur XPT stem designed to perform continuous operations immunoassay methods. The data were processed to undergo statistical analysis using SPSS 23 windows program. Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel were used to represent the tabular, charts and graphical icon. Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency exhibited a medical condition increment in both the males and females. This study had clear association was observed using bivariate analysis for any of the three chronic conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease and osteomalacia where (p=0.021), (p=0.039) and (p=0.000) explored in the current study with severe deficiency status. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent even in apparently healthy young individuals; this study is suggestive of a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among young adults, females, Bangladeshi nationality and those with higher BMI.
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Alqahtani, Nasser, Wala Alzahrani, Mona Abosamrah, Waseem Fatima, Ansh Garwal e Amer Alanazi. "Association Between Vitamin D Status and Body Composition: A Cross-Sectional Study among University Female Students". Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 19, n.º 1 (31 de março de 2022): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2975.
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ABSTRACT: Background: Vitamin D deficiency is currently recognized as a global epidemic and has been linked to many diseases. According to recent studies in Saudi Arabia showed a high prevalence of Saudi population having vitamin D deficiency. Objectives: The objective of this project was to find out how common vitamin D grade is and to look at the relationship between body fat proportion and vitamin D status among female university students. Methods: University female students were the subject of a cross-sectional study. After obtaining their permission, sample of 300 students were selected to participate. Weight, height and waist circumference were taken. Body composition were analyzed by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Bloodspot testing was used to determine 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) level. Results: this research found significant relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the body fat percentage. Overweight and obese people have lower vitamin D levels than slimmer people. The relationship between the two variables is medium strong and inverse meaning that students with high proportion of body fat have decreased levels of vitamin D and vice versa. This finding is supported by the linear regression model between the two variables that reveals that if all factors affecting vitamin D status are held constant, the percentage body fat explains 28.2% of the variability in the vitamin D status. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a statistically significant connotation between body fat and vitamin D status amongst female students. Further investigation is in need to tackle this health issue.
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Glibowski, Paweł, Katarzyna Iłowiecka e Karolina Środek. "Health consequences of vitamin D deficiency in the human body". Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 75, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2021): 947–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2021-0045.
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Abstract Vitamin D is extremely important for the proper functioning of the body. The most commonly known role of vitamin D is its participation in regulation of calcium-phosphate metabolism and bone mineralization. This role is crucial in the prevention of rickets in children and osteoporosis in the elderly. In recent years, numerous studies have confirmed the pleiotropic effects of vitamin D. Proper vitamin D levels in blood have a positive effect on overall health, thus reducing the risk of many diseases. Vitamin D plays, inter alia, a positive role in some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (inflammatory bowel disease), nervous system (Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease), and cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis). Additionally, its positive protective effect in the case of neoplastic and immunological diseases has been noted. Some studies also confirm the relationship of vitamin D deficiency to obesity and depression. In the event of these diseases, it is possible to prevent disease and support the process of treatment by maintaining appropriate levels of 25(OH)D in the blood. Besides, sufficient blood vitamin D levels reduces the risk of developing respiratory tract infections and suppresses cytokine storm, which is responsible for most COVID-19 deaths. The aim of the study was to present the current state of knowledge regarding the role of vitamin D in the human body, especially in the context of the impact of its abnormal level on the development of various diseases.
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Yoo, Jee Young, e Lauren Goodwyn. "The Physiological Consequences of Hypovitaminosis D". Journal of Student Research 7, n.º 1 (21 de dezembro de 2018): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v7i1.406.
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During the industrial revolution in the United States, speculations arose surrounding ultraviolet radiation and its inverse relationship to the alarmingly increasing prevalence of rickets, a bone disease in children that we now know is caused by a lack of vitamin D. However, prior to the 20th century, it was nearly impossible to simply identify biological forms of vitamins or hormones (Holick, 2010). It was inconceivable to set forth a list of dietary essentials and their roles in the human body. With the aid of modern technology, the ability to ascertain vitamin D’s chemical form and origins became a reality. Today, a large fraction of the field of endocrine research aims to find links between vitamin D and diseases. The purpose of this paper is to list some of the associated ailments that transpire alongside inadequate levels of vitamin D, and in turn, emphasize the importance of supplementation to prevent such occurrences.
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Francis, R. M. "What do we currently know about nutrition and bone health in relation to United Kingdom public health policy with particular reference to calcium and vitamin D?" British Journal of Nutrition 99, n.º 1 (19 de julho de 2007): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507791924.
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Public health policy in the UK related to nutrition and bone health has been shaped by reports from the Department of Health (DH), Food Standards Agency and WHO. Dietary reference values (DRV) for a number of nutrients were published in 1991 by the DH Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy. The subsequent DH report on nutrition and bone health in 1998 concentrated particularly on Ca and vitamin D, but also briefly addressed the effect of body weight, alcohol and other nutrients. Although this reviewed more recent evidence relating to the effect of higher intakes of Ca and vitamin D from longitudinal and interventional studies, no changes were made to the existing DRV. The Food Standards Agency published a report from their Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals in 2003, which recommended safe upper limits for eight vitamins and minerals, with guidance provided on a further twenty-two nutrients, where there was less information on safety. The WHO report on diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases in 2003 addressed the prevention of osteoporosis, making recommendations on Ca, vitamin D, Na, fruit and vegetables, alcohol and body weight. The present paper examines current views on what constitutes an adequate dietary Ca intake and optimal vitamin D status, the DRV for vitamin D in subjects with little or no exposure to sunlight and the results of recent epidemiological studies on the relationship between fracture risk and body weight, alcohol intake and the consumption of other nutrients.
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Gracia-Marco, Luis. "Calcium, Vitamin D, and Health". Nutrients 12, n.º 2 (6 de fevereiro de 2020): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020416.
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Barger-Lux, M. J., R. P. Heaney, J. Hayes, H. F. DeLuca, M. L. Johnson e G. Gong. "Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism, bone mass, body size, and vitamin D receptor density". Calcified Tissue International 57, n.º 2 (agosto de 1995): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00298438.
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Rajan, Sonali, Tom Weishaar e Bryan Keller. "Weight and skin colour as predictors of vitamin D status: results of an epidemiological investigation using nationally representative data". Public Health Nutrition 20, n.º 10 (12 de fevereiro de 2016): 1857–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016000173.
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AbstractObjectiveCurrent US dietary recommendations for vitamin D vary by age. Recent research suggests that body weight and skin colour are also major determinants of vitamin D status. The objective of the present epidemiological investigation was to clarify the role of age as a predictor of vitamin D status, while accounting for body weight and skin colour, among a nationally representative sample.DesignWe calculated the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels for the US population by age and weight, as well as by weight and race/ethnicity group. Multiple regression analyses were utilized to evaluate age and weight as predictors of vitamin D status: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with age alone, age and body weight, and age, body weight and their two-way interaction were modelled for the entire sample and each age subgroup. Graphical data were developed using B-spline non-linear regression.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (31 934 unweighted cases).SubjectsIndividuals aged 1 year and older.ResultsThere were highly significant differences in mean vitamin D status among US residents by weight and skin colour, with those having darker skin colour or higher body weight having worse vitamin D status. Although a significant factor, the impact of age on vitamin D status was notably less than the impact of body weight.ConclusionsVitamin D status varied predominantly by body weight and skin colour. Recommendations by nutritionists for diet and supplementation needs should take this into account if vitamin D-related health disparities are to be meaningfully reduced across the USA.
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Magalhães, Paula Moreira, Sabrina Pereira da Cruz, Orion Araújo Carneiro, Michelle Teixeira Teixeira e Andréa Ramalho. "Vitamin D Inadequacy and Its Relation to Body Fat and Muscle Mass in Adult Women of Childbearing Age". Nutrients 16, n.º 9 (25 de abril de 2024): 1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16091267.
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To assess the correlation between vitamin D status and body composition variables in adult women of childbearing age, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving women aged 20–49 years. The participants were categorized based on their vitamin D status and further divided according to body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected to compute body composition indices, specifically body fat and muscle mass. The sample included 124 women, with 63.70% exhibiting vitamin D inadequacy. Women with inadequate vitamin D status demonstrated a higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body adiposity index (BAI), along with a lower BMI-adjusted muscle mass index (SMI BMI), compared to those with adequate levels of vitamin D (p = 0.021; p = 0.019; and p = 0.039, respectively). A positive correlation was observed between circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and SMI BMI, while a negative correlation existed between circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and waist circumference (WC), WHtR, conicity index (CI), fat mass index (FMI), body fat percentage (% BF), and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR). These findings suggest that inadequate vitamin D status may impact muscle tissue and contribute to higher body adiposity, including visceral adiposity. It is recommended that these variables be incorporated into clinical practice, with a particular emphasis on WHtR and SMI BMI, to mitigate potential metabolic consequences associated with vitamin D inadequacy.
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Fields, Jennifer B., Sina Gallo, Jenna M. Worswick, Deanna R. Busteed e Margaret T. Jones. "25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Vitamin D Binding Protein, Bioavailable 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Body Composition in a Diverse Sample of Women Collegiate Indoor Athletes". Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 5, n.º 2 (9 de maio de 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5020032.
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Women athletes are at higher risk for bone diseases; yet, information on vitamin D status ((25(OH)D), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and bioavailable 25(OH)D is limited. Collegiate athletes (n = 36) from volleyball (WVB), basketball (WBB), and track and field (WTF) were measured for (25(OH)D), VDBP, and bioavailable 25(OH)D; body composition and bone mineral density (BMD); and skin pigmentation. Participants self-reported daily vitamin D intake and sun exposure. One-way analysis of variance analyzed mean differences in measures across sports. Linear regression examined relationships between 25(OH)D; VDBP; bioavailable 25(OH)D; and whole body, hip, and spine BMD. Participants’ (mean ± SD, 19.4 ± 1.4 years, 172.75 ± 8.21 cm, 70.9 ± 13.2 kg, and 22.9 ± 4.1% body fat) overall mean 25(OH)D was 70.5 ± 32.25 nmol/L, and 28% of participants were deemed inadequate and 61% below thresholds identified as sufficient for athletes. Although WBB athletes consumed higher (p = 0.007) dietary vitamin D (760.9 ± 484.2 IU/d) than WVB (342.6 ± 257.8) and WTF (402.3 ± 376.4) athletes did, there were no differences across sport in serum 25(OH)D. WVB and WTF had higher bioavailable 25(OH)D than WBB. No relationships existed between vitamin D status and body composition. Vitamin D inadequacy was identified among 1/3 of women indoor sport athletes. Consistent monitoring of vitamin D status and diet are recommended to sustain athlete health and sport performance.
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Wong, Dickson, Dana N. Broberg, Jagroop Doad, Joseph U. Umoh, Miranda Bellyou, Chris J. D. Norley, David W. Holdsworth et al. "Effect of Memantine Treatment and Combination with Vitamin D Supplementation on Body Composition in the APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease Following Chronic Vitamin D Deficiency". Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 81, n.º 1 (4 de maio de 2021): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201137.
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Background: Vitamin D deficiency and altered body composition are common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Memantine with vitamin D supplementation can protect cortical axons against amyloid-β exposure and glutamate toxicity. Objective: To study the effects of vitamin D deprivation and subsequent treatment with memantine and vitamin D enrichment on whole-body composition using a mouse model of AD. Methods: Male APPswe/PS1dE9 mice were divided into four groups at 2.5 months of age: the control group (n = 14) was fed a standard diet throughout; the remaining mice were started on a vitamin D-deficient diet at month 6. The vitamin D-deficient group (n = 14) remained on the vitamin D-deficient diet for the rest of the study. Of the remaining two groups, one had memantine (n = 14), while the other had both memantine and 10 IU/g vitamin D (n = 14), added to their diet at month 9. Serum 25(OH)D levels measured at months 6, 9, 12, and 15 confirmed vitamin D levels were lower in mice on vitamin D-deficient diets and higher in the vitamin D-supplemented mice. Micro-computed tomography was performed at month 15 to determine whole-body composition. Results: In mice deprived of vitamin D, memantine increased bone mineral content (8.7% increase, p < 0.01) and absolute skeletal tissue mass (9.3% increase, p < 0.05) and volume (9.2% increase, p < 0.05) relative to controls. This was not observed when memantine treatment was combined with vitamin D enrichment. Conclusion: Combination treatment of vitamin D and memantine had no negative effects on body composition. Future studies should clarify whether vitamin D status impacts the effects of memantine treatment on bone physiology in people with AD.
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Rai, Tirthal, Mayur Rai, Janice Dsa, Srinidhi Rai, Sushith P e Rooparani Bhandary. "Impact of Seasonal Variation in Association with Other Factors on Vitamin D Status among Mangalorean Population". Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, n.º 9 (1 de março de 2021): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/127.
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BACKGROUND India has plenty of sunshine, yet people here are deprived of vitamin D – ‘sunshine vitamin’. According to endocrine society of India, vitamin D levels of < 20 ng / mL is considered to be vitamin D deficiency. The objective of the study was to evaluate seasonal variation of vitamin D and give an insight on risk factors such as age, gender, diet, body mass index, occupation, skin complexion and body surface area exposure on vitamin D level. METHODS The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Mangalore on 109 apparently healthy individuals. The same cohort of subjects was followed for two seasons - summer and winter. Serum was collected and analysed for 25-OH vitamin D, calcium and phosphorous. Skin color was assessed according to the Fitzpatrick classification, questionnaire was given to assess the approximate time limit of sun exposure in a day along with the exposed areas to sunlight and anthropometric parameters such as height and weight were measured using standard guidelines. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Comparison of mean vitamin D along with the factors influencing them in both seasons was done using paired t test. Inferential statistical analysis was done using chi-square test. Pearson correlation test was also done. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. RESULTS Mean vitamin D was higher in summer (15.14 ± 5.62) as compared to winter (14.42 ± 5.38) irrespective of the risk factors. Vitamin D deficiency was highest in older age group (83.9 %), females (84.6 %), overweight (100 %), vegetarians (92.3 %), office workers (91.2 %), both complexions and those exposed with < 1.5 hours of sunlight (97.2 %). Vitamin D deficiency was also more prevalent in those with lesser exposed body surface area. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency was statistically most common in winter than summer. It was seen correlating with majority of the risk factors, except skin complexion and among the confounding factors. The key for vitamin D production in this population was maximum body surface area exposure (face, hand, leg and feet) to sunlight for more than 2.5 hours, yet these subjects were vitamin D deficient. However, they did not manifest with any skeletal or extra-skeletal morbidity. Thus, concluding that a reliable cut off value for reference range of vitamin D should be set in this population in order to abstain from excess vitamin D treatment. KEY WORDS Sunshine Vitamin, Vitamin D Deficiency, Mangalore, Skin Colour, Sunlight Exposure, Body Surface Area, Summer, Winter
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Al-shahwan, Moayad, Sabrina Ait Gacem, Shahd Shamseddin e Marwa Sammour. "VITAMIN D IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ITS RELATION WITH SEVERAL DISEASES". International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 10, n.º 6 (22 de novembro de 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2018v10i6.28776.
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Vitamins are organic nutrients and substances that are needed for many biochemical functions. They are one of the six essential elements required for human life. Vitamin D is also known among the public as the Sunshine vitamin, as it is produced internally within the human body when exposed to sunlight and it is well known that the big majority of United Arab Emirates (UAE) population suffer from its deficiency.They are usually not found inside the body and therefore must be eaten from food or taken by supplements. Vitamin D that is obtained from diet or body synthesis when it is exposed to sufficient sunlight is biologically inactive without the enzymatic activation that converts it into its active form in the liver and kidney.Deficiency of vitamin D could lead to many troubling diseases such as depression including seasonal affective disorder, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Arthritis (gout, osteoarthritis, tendonitis), Osteoporosis, gum and teeth diseases, obesity, diabetes, heart diseases, metabolic syndromes, immunity related diseases (sclerosis, erythematosis), and cancer, which will be discussed in this review. The main objective of the current review is to evaluate the associations of vitamin D with the diverse health outcomes according to the latest studies done so far.
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Mochulska, O. M., O. R. Boyarchuk, M. I. Kinash, O. M. Shulhai e L. I. Dobrovolska. "Vitamin status as an assessment of vitamins A, E, D providing in children with allergic dermatosis". Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, n.º 6(126) (29 de outubro de 2022): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2022.126.55.
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Vitamins are a group of biologically highly active, low molecular weight organic compounds of various chemical nature, which are practically not synthesized in the body or are synthesized in insufficient quantities, mainly income with food, and are vital to ensure for the flow and regulation of metabolic processes. Vitamins A, E, D play an important role in ensuring the normal functioning of the skin and mucous membranes, adequate immune response, maintaining the body’s resistance to various adverse external factors. Purpose - to study, evaluate and analyze the vitamin status, providing of vitamins A, E, D in children with allergic dermatoses. Materials and methods. 24 children with allergic dermatoses and 32 children of the control group aged 6 to 17 years were examined. General clinical, immunological, biochemical, questionnaires and statistical research methods were used. Results. Among the examined children with isolated allergopathology such as allergodermatoses were diagnosed 10 (41.7%) children, the remaining children were with combined allergic pathology such as allergodermatoses and bronchial asthma 14 (58.3%) children. The research of the providing of vitamins A, E, D in children with allergic dermatoses based on clinical symptoms showed the presence of hypovitaminosis manifestations of vitamin A in 9 (37.5%) children, vitamin E - 8 (33.3%) children, vitamin D - 14 (58.3%) children. Examination of vitamin status in children with allergodermatoses showed a marked decrease in blood levels of vitamin A, a moderate decrease in vitamin D levels, a slight decrease in vitamin E levels compared with children in the control group (p<0.05). In general, all examined children with allergodermatoses and the control group had low levels of vitamin D, subnormal low levels of vitamin A, normal levels of vitamin E according to the recommended criteria of normal supply of vitamins A, E, D according to blood levels. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the need for personalized correction of the consumption of vitamins A, E, D, taking into account the composition of the diet in children with allergic dermatoses, who are on elimination hypoallergenic diets were established. The synergistic effect of three vitamins A, E, D at the level of the immune system allows to recommend such a vitamin formula both for prophylactic purposes and in the complex treatment of children with skin allergies. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
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Salman Bin Dayel, Salman Bin, e Ramadan S. Hussein. "Vitamin Deficiencies and Their Impact on Skin Function". International Journal of Biomedicine 13, n.º 2 (5 de junho de 2023): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article13(2)_ra4.
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Vitamins are essential dietary items because of their functions as enzyme cofactors and catalysts in the body. Vitamin deficiency can significantly impact the skin, leading to a variety of dermatological problems, such as dryness, premature aging, hyperpigmentation, palmoplantar keratoderma, and even nail disorders. Alcoholism, rigid diets, inadequate parental nourishment, and intestinal absorption issues may all be factors in vitamin deficits. The most commonly deficient vitamins in relation to skin health are vitamin A, biotin, vitamin C, and vitamin D. Vitamin A helps to maintain the skin's barrier function and promote skin cell growth, while biotin helps to support the skin's underlying structure. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and skin brightening, and vitamin D is a crucial nutrient for overall health, including the skin. A balanced and varied diet and proper skin care can help prevent and address vitamin deficiencies, keeping the skin healthy and radiant. This review examines the most common vitamin deficiencies and their impact on the skin.
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Grafka, Agnieszka, Maciej Łopucki, Jarosław Kuna, Anna Kuna e Barbara Pęksa. "The role of vitamin D in the body". Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna 55, n.º 1 (13 de fevereiro de 2019): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7375.
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Vitamin D performs a lot of important functions in the body, and its deficiency is just as harmful as the excess. From its precious properties, we draw primarily in the summer while staying in the sun, while in other seasons you should take care of a appropriate diet and implement vitamin D supplementation. The proper level of vitamin D in the human body results in proper bone mineralization, regulates the endocrine function of the pancreas, adrenal glands, thyroid gland and pituitary glands. It acts as an anti-proliferative factor of some tumor such as melanoma, breast, prostate, colon, and increases differentiation and inhibits apoptosis of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and skin melanocytes. It has an influence on the proper functioning of many systems and regulates the immune response.
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Milovanović, Bojan, Dubravka Marinović, Vesna Vuković e Danijela Jezdimirović. "Vitamin D supplementation as a prevention of cardiovascular diseases". Sestrinska vizija 7, n.º 13 (2023): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sestrviz2313023m.
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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and their prevention and control are essential for public health. Recent researches have highlighted the link between low levels of vitamin D and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. This paper presents the current knowledge about the role of vitamin D supplementation as a potential strategy for cardiovascular disease prevention. Vitamin D plays a key role in the regulation of calcium and phosphate in the body, which affects the health of the heart and blood vessels. Low levels of vitamin D are associated with an increased incidence of hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiac arrhythmias. Vitamin D supplementation can help maintain optimal levels of this vitamin in the body. Preliminary results from a series of studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, especially in people with low baseline levels of the vitamin. However, further studies are needed in order to determine the optimal dosage and duration of supplementation, as well as reliably determine the effects and recommend more precise guidelines for the eventual use of vitamin D in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Sarkisyan, Narine G., Elena F. Gaisina, Mariya N. Dobrinskaya, Milana A. Shmakova, Polina I. Astryukhina e Artyom S. Goskov. "Literature review: pharmacological effects of vitamin D in the body to enhance athletic performance". Человек и его здоровье 26, n.º 1 (2023): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/07.
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Studies (domestic and foreign) on the effect of vitamin D on muscle strength, muscle recovery rate, maximum oxygen consumption and prevention of skeletal muscle injury reduction have been analyzed. At the same time it was found that athletes are susceptible to hypovitaminosis no less often than standard population groups due to higher physical loads. It is unequivocally possible to say that vitamin D supplementation improves the physical fitness of athletes and can correct their condition in the autumn-spring period. Objective: an analysis of literature data based on the significance of the pharmacological effects of vitamin D in the functioning of the musculoskeletal system of the body and its role of improving athletic performance. Material and methods. The Pubmed/MEDLINE digital scientific library was chosen as the main source of information. Additionally, the search included the repositories of open access preprints from eLIBRARY.RU for 2016-2022. Key words for the search query were "vitamin D," "calcitriol," "sports," and "athletes." The results of the study are reported taking into account PRISMA recommendations. Results. Duration and quality of insolation directly affect vitamin D levels. Additional sun exposure combined with the use of vitamin D preparations contributes to the elimination of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to decreased intranuclear VDR concentrations and decreased VDR gene expression, which contributes to myopathy following atrophy of type IIA muscle fibers. Additional enrichment of special electrolyte solutions with water-soluble vitamin D is reasonable. Conclusion. Continuous monitoring of the concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood serum of athletes is an integral part in the development of recommendations for improving health and sports performance in training and competitive regimes. Individual correction of vitamin D should be carried out in accordance with changes in its level in each athlete.
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Al Asoom, Lubna Ibrahim. "The Association of Adiposity Indices and Plasma Vitamin D in Young Females in Saudi Arabia". International Journal of Endocrinology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1215362.
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Background. Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. Some evidences indicate its association with metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In the current study we aim to study the association of vitamin D level and indicators of adiposity in young Saudi females.Subjects and Methods. 87 young healthy Saudi females were recruited from University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Each subject filled vitamin D questionnaire and had exercise stress test to determine VO2peak. Body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, and ratios were determined. Blood was analyzed for 25-OH vitamin D, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and differential cholesterol.Results. 25-OH vitamin D/body weight was negatively associated with waist circumference and waist/stature ratio. No significant difference was found between the groups of BMI with regard to the data of questionnaire or 25-OH vitamin D/body weight. Obese and overweight subjects had lower VO2peak.Conclusion. In young Saudi females we found that the relative value of vitamin D to body weight is a better indicator of vitamin D status particularly in obese subjects and it is negatively associated with adiposity measures of waist circumference and waist/stature ratio.
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Lane, Ginny, Christine Nisbet, Susan J. Whiting e Hassan Vatanparast. "Canadian newcomer children’s bone health and vitamin D status". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, n.º 7 (julho de 2019): 796–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0705.
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Adequate calcium intake and supply of vitamin D during childhood play important roles in ensuring adequate bone mass gain to achieve optimal peak bone mass. The Healthy Immigrant Children study employed a mixed-method cross-sectional study design to characterize the health and nutritional status of 300 immigrant and refugee children aged 3–13 years who had been in Canada for less than 5 years. This paper presents bone mineral content and vitamin D status data along with qualitative data that deepen the understanding of newcomer bone health status. A significantly higher percentage of refugee children (72.3%) had insufficient (<50 nmol/L) or deficient (<30 nmol/L) serum vitamin D compared with immigrants (53.2%). Vitamin D deficiency was most common among ethnic minority girls. Newcomer children with higher intakes of vitamin D, younger newcomer children, and those from western Europe or the United States had higher serum vitamin D levels. Immigrants had significantly higher mean total body bone mineral content compared with refugees. Total body fat, serum vitamin D, calcium intake, height, height by calcium intake, total body fat by calcium intake, and total body fat by height predicted total body bone mineral content levels. Vitamin D deficiency among newcomer children may be related to lack of knowledge regarding children’s vitamin D requirements in the Canadian environment, dietary habits established in country of origin, low income that limits healthy dietary choices, and lifestyle habits that limit exposure to sunlight. Results suggest a need to screen newcomer children and pregnant women for vitamin D deficiency and support early intervention.
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Uchitomi, Ran, Mamoru Oyabu e Yasutomi Kamei. "Vitamin D and Sarcopenia: Potential of Vitamin D Supplementation in Sarcopenia Prevention and Treatment". Nutrients 12, n.º 10 (19 de outubro de 2020): 3189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103189.
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Skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the human body, accounting for approximately 40% of body weight, plays important roles in exercise and energy expenditure. In the elderly, there is often a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, a condition known as sarcopenia, which can lead to bedridden conditions, wheelchair confinement as well as reducing the quality of life (QOL). In developed countries with aging populations, the prevention and management of sarcopenia are important for the improvement of health and life expectancy in these populations. Recently, vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, has been attracting attention due to its importance in sarcopenia. This review will focus on the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on sarcopenia.
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Якубова, Л. В. "Actual Vitamin D Accents for the Golden Age Population". Рецепт, n.º 1 (25 de março de 2022): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2022.25.1.003.
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Целью данного обзора было представить результаты исследований, указывающих на значимость эффектов и уровня витамина D для организма, особенно в «золотом» возрасте.Известно, что реализация эффектов витамина D в организме происходит с участием «негеномного» и «геномного» механизмов. Рецепторы витамина D (VDR) были обнаружены более чем в 40 типах тканей и клеток организма. В обзоре приведены результаты ряда исследований, подтверждающих протективное значение оптимизации уровня витамина D в организме для снижения риска развития многих заболеваний, в том числе влияние на течение и исход COVID-19, а также исследований, указывающих на взаимосвязь уровня витамина D в крови с процессами старения. Рассмотрены рекомендуемые на сегодняшний день профилактические и терапевтические дозы приема холекальциферола, алгоритм его назначения пациентам с артериальной гипертензией. Подчеркивается необходимость персонифицированного выбора целевого уровня витамина D в крови с учетом заболеваний и его исходного уровня у пациента. The purpose of this review was to present the results of studies indicating the significance of vitamin D effects and levels in the body, especially among the golden age population. It is known that the implementation of vitamin D effects in the body proceeds with the involvement of both non-genomic and genomic mechanisms. Vitamin D receptors (VDRs) have been found in over 40 types of tissues and cells in the body. The review presents the results of several studies confirming the protective value of optimizing the level of vitamin D in the body in order to reduce the risk of developing many diseases, including the effect on the course and outcome of COVID-19, as well as studies indicating a relationship between blood vitamin D levels and aging. The currently recommended prophylactic and therapeutic doses of cholecalciferol intake, the algorithm for its appointment to patients with arterial hypertension are described. The author emphasizes the need for a personalized choice of the target vitamin D blood levels taking into account patient conditions and baseline vitamin D blood levels.
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Alaraj, Mohd, Fahaad S. Alenazi, Dania Hassan e Ashfaque Hossain. "Vitamin D as a drug: new therapeutic approaches". Pharmacia 69, n.º 3 (10 de agosto de 2022): 765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.69.e85057.
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Vitamin D is one of the essential vitamins and has recently been demonstrated to be much more important for the appropriate functioning of the human body and well-being than initially believed. Although vitamin D is mainly known for its link with bone fractures and bone diseases, recent studies revealed that vitamin D and its analogues have revealed many pharmacological actions covering the regulation of cell growth, inhibition of inflammation, and improvement of neuromuscular function and immune function. Moreover, vitamin D and its analogues are reported to have role in different types of cancers, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus and infections caused by different bacterial and viral pathogens including SARS-CoV-2. The goal of this study is to evaluate the scientific literature on therapeutic uses of vitamin D and its analogues against different diseases and health condition. Special attention has been given to COVID-19 infection, cancer, skin diseases, and diabetes. The molecular mechanisms involved are also explored.
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Elefson, Sarah, e Laura L. Greiner. "PSVII-1 Sample Handling and Vitamin Analysis". Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (12 de abril de 2022): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.292.
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Abstract Vitamins are crucial for day-to-day function in the body. They are often collected in studies to ensure that the body is functioning normally, but the ways in which these samples are collected are inconsistent. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate differences in sampling collection methods. A total of 4 blood tubes (2 serum and 2 plasma) were collected from 8 finishing pigs (n = 4 gilts and barrows). One blood tube of each type was either exposed to light or wrapped in foil before processing for analysis took place. Livers were taken from 6 gilts, sectioned, and those sections were either frozen immediately or placed at 1 of 3 temperatures (room temperature, 4oC, or -20oC) for 3, 6, or 12 hours before freezing to assess degradation of vitamins within the tissue. Blood was assessed for vitamins A, D, and E while liver was assessed for vitamins A and E with data analyzed by PROC GLIMMIX. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) for the interaction of blood tube type and light exposure for vitamin D in the blood and a tendency (P < 0.10) for the interaction of blood tube type and light exposure for vitamin A in the blood. Furthermore, there were sex effects (P < 0.05) for vitamin D and (P < 0.10) vitamin A with barrows having higher vitamin statuses than gilts. There were no differences (P > 0.10) for the interaction of blood tube type and light exposure for vitamin E in the blood, or the amount of degradation of vitamins A and E in the liver. In conclusion, factors such as sex, blood tube type, and light, can influence vitamin concentration in biological samples.
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Kubicka, Magdalena, Joanna Wilk, Paweł Dębiec, Krystian Cholewa, Magdalena Makarewicz e Adrianna Szymańska. "Vitamin D - do we need suplementation?" Journal of Education, Health and Sport 27, n.º 1 (9 de maio de 2023): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.27.01.006.
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The role of vitamin D in the human body is not only participation in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism, prevention of rickets in children or osteomalacia and osteoporosis in adults. Vitamin D deficiency can be caused by a variety of health conditions. Currently, epidemiological studies confirm the relationship between vitamin D deficiency in the body and an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, autoimmune diseases and in cancer prevention. Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a common metabolic abnormality. Despite known dietary sources of vitamin D and the role of sunlight in its production, a significant proportion of the population may have insufficient serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
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Lledó, Inés, Blanca Ibáñez, Ana Melero, Alegría Montoro, Juan F. Merino-Torres, Nadia San Onofre e Jose M. Soriano. "Vitamins and Radioprotective Effect: A Review". Antioxidants 12, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2023): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030611.
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The radioprotective effect ex vivo, in vitro and in vivo of vitamins was reviewed using PubMed and Embase and conducted according to the PRISMA statement. A total of 38 articles were included in this review, which includes the radioprotective effect of vitamins from ex vivo, in vitro and in vivo studies. Vitamins A, C, D and E were used alone, in combination or with other nutritional and non-nutritional compounds. The use of vitamins in natural form or supplementation can be useful to reduce the radiation effect in the body, organs and/or cells. Only four (A, C, D and E) out of thirteen vitamins have been detected with radioprotective properties being mainly vitamin E followed by vitamin C, A and D.
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Tobias, Deirdre K., Heike Luttmann-Gibson, Samia Mora, Jacqueline Danik, Vadim Bubes, Trisha Copeland, Meryl S. LeBoff et al. "Association of Body Weight With Response to Vitamin D Supplementation and Metabolism". JAMA Network Open 6, n.º 1 (17 de janeiro de 2023): e2250681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50681.
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ImportanceIn the Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL), the effects of randomized vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol), 2000 IU/d, reduced the risk of several health outcomes among participants with normal, but not elevated, body weights. It was unclear whether weight had any association with the outcomes of the supplementation.ObjectiveTo investigate whether baseline body mass index (BMI) modifies vitamin D metabolism and response to supplementation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsVITAL is a completed randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for the primary prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. In the present cohort study, an analysis was conducted in a subset of VITAL participants who provided a blood sample at baseline and a subset with a repeated sample at 2 years’ follow-up. VITAL was conducted from July 1, 2010, to November 10, 2018; data analysis for the present study was conducted from August 1, 2021, to November 9, 2021.InterventionsTreatment outcomes of vitamin D, 2000 IU/d, supplementation vs placebo associated with clinical and novel vitamin D–related biomarkers by BMI category adjusted for other factors associated with vitamin D status.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMultivariable-adjusted means (SE) or 95% CIs of vitamin D–related serum biomarkers at baseline and follow-up: total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), 25-OHD3, free vitamin D (FVD), bioavailable vitamin D (BioD), vitamin D–binding protein (VDBP), albumin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcium, and log-transformed as needed.ResultsA total of 16 515 participants (mean [SD] age, 67.7 [7.0] years; 8371 women [50.7%]; 12420 non-Hispanic White [76.9%]) were analyzed at baseline, including 2742 with a follow-up blood sample. Before randomization, serum total 25-OHD levels were incrementally lower at higher BMI categories (adjusted mean [SE]: underweight, 32.3 [0.7] ng/mL; normal weight, 32.3 [0.1] ng/mL; overweight, 30.5 [0.1] ng/mL; obesity class I, 29.0 [0.2] ng/mL; and obesity class II, 28.0 [0.2] ng/mL; P &lt; .001 for linear trend). Similarly, baseline 25-OHD3, FVD, BioD, VDBP, albumin, and calcium levels were lower with higher BMI, while PTH level was higher (all P &lt; .001 for linear trend). Compared with placebo, randomization to vitamin D supplementation was associated with an increase in total 25-OHD, 25-OHD3, FVD, and BioD levels compared with placebo at 2 years’ follow-up, but increases were significantly lower at higher BMI categories (all treatment effect interactions P &lt; .001). Supplementation did not substantially change VDBP, albumin, PTH, or calcium levels.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized cohort study, vitamin D supplementation increased serum vitamin D–related biomarkers, with a blunted response observed for participants with overweight or obesity at baseline. These longitudinal findings suggest that BMI may be associated with modified response to vitamin D supplementation and may in part explain the observed diminished outcomes of supplementation for various health outcomes among individuals with higher BMI.
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Hymøller, Lone, e Søren K. Jensen. "25-hydroxyvitamin D circulates in different fractions of calf plasma if the parent compound is vitamin D2or vitamin D3, respectively". Journal of Dairy Research 83, n.º 1 (26 de novembro de 2015): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029915000588.
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Vitamin D has become one of the most discussed nutrients in human nutrition, which has led to an increased interest in milk as a vitamin D source. Problems related to fortifying milk with synthetic vitamin D can be avoided by securing a high content of natural vitamin D in the milk by supplying dairy cows with sufficient vitamin D. However, choosing the most efficient route and form of supplementation requires insight into how different vitamin D metabolites are transported in the body of cattle. There are two forms of vitamin D: vitamin D2(D2) and vitamin D3(D3). Vitamin D2originates from fungi on roughage. Vitamin D3originates either from endogenous synthesis in the skin or from feed supplements. Vitamin D2is chemically different from, and less physiologically active than, D3. Endogenous and dietary D3is chemically similar but dietary D3is toxic, whereas endogenous D3appears well regulated in the body.
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Puścion-Jakubik, Anna, Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska, Sylwia K. Naliwajko, Krystyna J. Gromkowska-Kępka, Justyna Moskwa, Monika Grabia, Anita Mielech et al. "Intake of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals in Relation to Body Composition, Skin Hydration and Lubrication in Young Women". Antioxidants 10, n.º 7 (12 de julho de 2021): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071110.
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The aim of this study was to estimate the consumption of selected dietary components with antioxidant properties, undertake body composition analysis, assess skin hydration and lubrication, and establish the relationships between the above parameters. The study was carried out on 172 young women. The consumption of ingredients (vitamins A, C, D and E, and Cu, Mn, Zn) was assessed using the Diet 6.0 program, body composition was assessed using electrical bioimpedance and skin hydration and lubrication were assessed using the corneometric and sebumetric methods, respectively. About one-third of students showed insufficient consumption of vitamin C, vitamin E and zinc, while about 99% showed insufficient vitamin D levels. The highest degree of hydration was observed in the areas of the eyelids, neckline and chin. The greatest amount of sebum was found in the area of the nose and forehead. Low positive correlations between hydration or lubrication and Cu, vitamin A and vitamin E were observed. In conclusion, to properly moisturize and lubricate the skin, young women should eat products that are rich in ingredients with antioxidant properties, in particular fat-soluble vitamins A and E, but also copper.
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Ramasamy, Indra. "Vitamin D Metabolism and Guidelines for Vitamin D Supplementation". Clinical Biochemist Reviews 41, n.º 3 (8 de dezembro de 2020): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33176/aacb-20-00006.
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Vitamin D is essential for bone health and is known to be involved in immunomodulation and cell proliferation. Vitamin D status remains a significant health issue worldwide. However, there has been no clear consensus on vitamin D deficiency and its measurement in serum, and clinical practice of vitamin D deficiency treatment remains inconsistent. The major circulating metabolite of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), is widely used as a biomarker of vitamin D status. Other metabolic pathways are recognised as important to vitamin D function and measurement of other metabolites may become important in the future. The utility of free 25(OH)D rather than total 25(OH)D needs further assessment. Data used to estimate the vitamin D intake required to achieve a serum 25(OH)D concentration were drawn from individual studies which reported dose-response data. The studies differ in their choice of subjects, dose of vitamin D, frequency of dosing regimen and methods used for the measurement of 25(OH)D concentration. Baseline 25(OH)D, body mass index, ethnicity, type of vitamin D (D2 or D3) and genetics affect the response of serum 25(OH)D to vitamin D supplementation. The diversity of opinions that exist on this topic are reflected in the guidelines. Government and scientific societies have published their recommendations for vitamin D intake which vary from 400–1000 IU/d (10–25 µg/d) for an average adult. It was not possible to establish a range of serum 25(OH)D concentrations associated with selected non-musculoskeletal health outcomes. To recommend treatment targets, future studies need to be on infants, children, pregnant and lactating women.
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Gupta, Pankaj, e Lalit Nainiwal. "Levels of vitamin D in tuberculosis and comparison of vitamin D level in severe variant of tuberculosis like tubercular meningitis, miliary tuberculosis, disseminated tuberculosis with non severe variant of tuberculosis like pulmonary tuberculosis, tubercular lymphadenitis etc in paediatric age group". International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, n.º 5 (24 de abril de 2020): 1054. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20201637.
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Background: Tuberculosis is deadliest disease killing nearly 2 million people every year. Before the etiologic cause of TB was determined by Koch, cod liver oil and sunlight, both sources of vitamin D, were used in treatment of tuberculosis. After discovery of antibiotics, anti-infectious value of vitamin D was ignored until increasing cost of antibiotics and rise in resistance led to the need to search for alternative and antibiotic-independent therapeutic strategies. This study shed light on vitamin D, which is very safe and inexpensive by adding vitamin D to antibiotic treatment, immune system can be boosted to help body to clear TB, rather than relying on antibiotics.Methods: A prospective, observational, comparative study in which 62 TB patients were taken and vitamin D level were estimated.Results: The results of study show that out of total 62 patients, 31 (50.00%) had deficient(<20ng/ml) vitaminD,23(37.10%) had insufficient(20-30ng/ml) vitamin D, 8(12.90%) had sufficient (>30ng/ml) vitamin D level. Out of 62 patients, 10(62.13%) had severe variety of TB and 52(83.87%) had nonsevere TB. Among the 52 patients, 24(46.2%) had deficient vitamin D, 20(38.5%) had insufficient vitamin D and 8(15.4%) had sufficient vitamin D. Among the 10 patients with severe TB, 7(70.00%) had deficient vitamin D, 3(30.00%) had insufficient vitamin D and none had sufficient vitamin D level.Conclusions: Majority of children with tuberculosis demonstrated low serum levels of vitamin D (deficient and insufficient levels) suggest that vitamin D deficiency is risk factor of tuberculosis and very low levels of vitamin D were noted in severe variant of TB then non severe suggest that in severe form of tuberculosis vitamin D levels were less compared to nonsevere variant.
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Tewani, Gulab Rai, Karishma Silwal, Gita Sharma, Dinesh Yadav, Aarfa Siddiqui, Sucheta Kriplani, Varsha Vijay Nathani et al. "Effect of Medically Supervised Prolonged Fasting Therapy on Vitamin D, B12, Body Weight, Body Mass Index, Vitality and Quality of Life: A Randomized Control Trial". Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 15 (janeiro de 2022): 117863882211305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786388221130560.
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Background: Recent research indicates prolonged fasting for more than 7 days is beneficial in priming the vitamin D metabolism. However, methodological limitations in previous studies, such as insufficient sample size and a lack of control group, limits its generalizability. The present study evaluated the impact of prolonged fasting (10 days) on vitamin D, vitamin B12, body mass index (BMI), weight, hemoglobin, vitality and quality of life (QoL) compared to a normal diet. Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted in an in-patient private yoga and naturopathy setting between February and April 2022. A total of 52 participants (mean age 51.57 ± 13.67 years) with varying medical conditions were randomized into a fasting group (FG) or a normal diet group (NDG) with 26 participants in each group. The FG was on a fasting diet (500 kCal/day) which included holy basil herbal tea, lemon honey water, and water (3 L). The NDG (1500 kCal/day) consumed a routine diet that included Indian bread, pulses, steamed rice, vegetable salads, and beverages. Results: The FG has shown significant increase in the Vitamin D levels ( P = .003, d = 0.475), vitality ( P = .006, d = 0.425), physical QoL ( P < .001, d = 0.549), psychological QoL ( P = .002, d = 0.488), and environmental QoL ( P = .004, d = 0.457) compared to NDG. No significant changes were observed in vitamin B12, weight, BMI, haemoglobin, and social QoL. A weak to moderate (ρ = 0.330-0.483) positive correlation was observed between vitality scores and QoL domains, whereas BMI scores showed an inverse correlation (ρ = −.280) with vitamin D levels. Conclusion: The results suggest that prolonged fasting for 10 days can improve vitamin D levels, improve vitality, and promote quality of life compared to a normal diet. Unlike previous studies, the FG does not differ from the NDG concerning weight and BMI. Nevertheless, fasting may be utilized as an effective tool to tackle vitamin D deficiency and associated health insufficiencies.