Livros: "Urban background"

1

Force, Victoria Docklands Task, ed. Docklands strategy: Background report. [Melbourne, Vic.]: The Task Force, 1992.

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2

Victoria. Dept. of Planning and Urban Growth. The Werribee growth area plan: A background report. [Melbourne]: The Department, 1990.

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3

Tim, Larson, Washington (State). Dept. of Transportation., Washington State Transportation Commission e Washington State Transportation Center, eds. Local background levels of carbon monoxide in urban areas. [Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1994.

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4

Satterthwaite, David. Urban poverty: Reconsidering its scale and nature : background paper. London: International Institute for Environment and Development, 1997.

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5

Michael, Joel. Tax increment financing project: A background paper. St. Paul, MN: Research Dept., Minnesota House of Representatives, 1990.

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6

Partnership, Worcester Quality. St. Clement's Gate: Background papers on local history, archaeology and urban morphology. Worcester: Worcester Quality Partnership, 1996.

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7

Novak, Kathy. Jobs and housing: Policy options for metropolitan development : a background paper. St. Paul, MN: Research Dept., Minnesota House of Representatives, 1994.

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8

1934-, Hendry John, e Queen's University of Belfast. Department of Architecture and Planning., eds. Conservation in Belfast: Final report on background research into strategies for urban conservation. [Belfast]: Queen's University of Belfast, Dept. of Architecture and Planning, 1987.

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9

Alexander, Karl L. The long shadow: Family background, disadvantaged urban youth, and the transition to adulthood. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2014.

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10

Metropolitan Toronto (Ont.). Planning Dept. Policy Development Division. Central area transportation issues: A background document in review of The official plan for the urban structure: Metropolitan Toronto. [Toronto]: The Division, 1988.

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11

Meagher, Kate. Limits to labour absorption: Conceptual and historical background to adjustment in Nigeria's urban informal sector. Geneva, Switzerland: UNRISD, 1991.

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12

United Nations Research Institute for Social Development. Limits to labour absorption: Conceptual and historical background to adjustment in Nigeria's urban informal sector. Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, 1991.

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13

Transport, Lavalin, Beauchemin-Beaton-Lapointe inc e National Workshop on Urban Bus Design Improvement (1988 ; Montrél, Québec), eds. National Workshop on Urban Bus Design Improvement : background research on current probblems and potential solutions. Toronto: Canadian Urban Transit Association, 1988.

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14

Meagher, Kate. Limits to labour absorption: Conceptual and historical background to adjustment in Nigeria's urban informal sector. Geneva: UNRISD, 1991.

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15

Virginia Assembly on the Future Development of the Commonwealth (1992 Charlottesville, Va.). The Virginia Assembly on the Future Development of the Commonwealth: Sustaining, managing, and generating growth : keynote addresses, background papers, and final report. Editado por De Voursney Robert, Marshall J. Paxton, University of Virginia. Center for Public Service. e Virginia Cooperative Extension Service. Charlottesville: The Assembly, 1993.

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16

Fisher, Gary T. Urban storm-water runoff: Selected background information and techniques for problem assessment, with a Baltimore, Maryland case study. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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17

Fisher, Gary T. Urban stormwater runoff: Selected background information and techniques for problem assessment, with a Baltimore, Maryland case study. [Reston, Va.?]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989.

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18

Metropolitan Toronto (Ont.). Planning Dept. Policy Development Division. Heritage: A background document in the review of "The official plan for the urban structure: Metropolitan Toronto". [Toronto]: The Division, 1989.

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19

Metropolitan Toronto (Ont.). Planning Dept. Policy Development Division. Industrial areas: A background document in the review of The official plan for the urban structure, Metropolitan Toronto. [Toronto]: The Division, 1988.

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20

Research, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and. Stock and asset management in public housing: Background readings from HUD reports. Rockville, MD: HUD USER, 1996.

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21

Wekwete, K. Background paper prepared for the Africa Regional Workshop on Mainstreaming Urban Poverty Reduction in Sub-Sahara Africa: Held in Nairobi, Kenya on 21-24 September 1998. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Centre for Human Settlement (Habitat), 1999.

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22

Jones, Rhys Hywel. A COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION INTO THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF THE USERS OF THE FACILITIES AT A RURAL AND AN URBAN GOLF CLUB. Cardiff: S.G.I.H.E., 1986.

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23

Chubb, Robert N. Urban land markets in the United Kingdom: A report on government policies and programmes and their background, prepared as part of an international project for the Urban Affairs Division of the OECD. London: H.M.S.O., 1988.

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24

Great Britain. Department of the Environment. e Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Urban Affairs Division., eds. Urban land markets in the United Kingdom: A report on government policies and programmes and their background, prepared as part of an international project for the Urban Affairs Division of the OECD. London: H.M.S.O., 1988.

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25

Division, Metropolitan Toronto (Ont ). Planning Dept Policy Development. Metro main streets economic feasibility study: A background document in the review of The official plan for the urban Structure--Metropolitan Toronto. [Toronto]: Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto, 1990.

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26

Dolynsʹka, Mar'i︠a︡na. Lʹviv: Prostir na tli meshkant︠s︡iv (XIII-XIX st.) = Lviv : the urban space against the background of its inhabitants (13th to 19th centuries). Lʹviv: Vydavnyt︠s︡tvo Ukraïnsʹkoho katolyt︠s︡ʹkoho universytetu, 2015.

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27

Aronson, Arnold. Architect of dreams: The theatrical vision of Joseph Urban. New York: Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Art Gallery, Columbia University, 2000.

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28

Liu, Chengbin. Nong min gong de zhong jie: Ji yu she hui cheng ben yu cheng zhen hua bei jing de kao cha = The end of migrant workers based on the social cost and the background of urbanization. 8^a ed. Beijing Shi: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2017.

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29

National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy (Canada), ed. Greenhouse gas emissions from urban transportation: Backgrounder. Ottawa: National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy, 1998.

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30

Ltd, GHK International (Canada), Toronto (Ont.). Works and Emergency Services., Toronto (Ont.). Urban Development Services. e Oak Ridges Moraine Steering Committee (Ont.), eds. Growing together: Prospects for renewal in the Toronto Region : background reports : a series of reports prepared for the City of Toronto's Departments of Works and Emergency Services, Urban Development Services and the Oak Ridges Moraine Steering Committee. [Toronto: City of Toronto], 2002.

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31

Li, Fangfan. Tong chou cheng xiang bei jing xia Jiangxi nong cun ji ben she hui bao zhang wen ti yan jiu: A study on the basic social security of rural areas in Jiangxi under the background of urban and rural areas. 8^a ed. Nanchang Shi: Jiangxi ren min chu ban she, 2014.

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32

United, States Congress Senate Committee on Banking Housing and Urban Affairs. Oversight hearings on the condition of the banking system: Hearings before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, first session, on the background of the banking industry as it stands today ... October 5, 17, and 25, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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33

Greater Toronto area urban structure concepts study: Background report. Toronto, Ont: IBI Group, 1990.

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34

Chen, Huaying, e Bin Zhang. Renovation and Upgrading of Hospital Buildings in Old Urban Areas under the Background of Urban Renewal. UK Scientific Publishing Limited, 2022.

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35

Breault, Donna Adair, e Louise Anderson Allen. Urban Education. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216031055.

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This handbook is a resource for parents, community members, teachers, and administrators who want to make a difference in their urban schools. Breault and Allen provide a way for stakeholders to see the roles they can play in building civic capacity for change in urban schools and communities. It also offers critical background information to help stakeholders recognize the complexity and necessity of their efforts. The authors organized this book around the need for beginning, continuing, and enacting conversations to emphasize the need for stakeholders to build relationships with one another in order to advocate for and act on behalf of urban students and communities. While this book eschews prescriptive and simplistic solutions, it does offer ways in which stakeholders create and support an infrastructure for change in their schools and communities. For example, this book helps stakeholders navigate the bureaucracy of urban school districts, build collegial communities of inquiry within schools, develop systematic ways of gathering important data schools and communities, organize the energy and efforts of those who want to get involved, seek out, and utilize various resources, and then use the infrastructure of knowledgeable and collegial stakeholders to bring about change. The authors realize how daunting these challenges may seem for stakeholders who want to make a difference in their schools and communities. In response, they offer images of positive changes including schools, parent associations, and networking strategies used in urban communities today as glimpses of what is possible through hard work, collaboration, and an imaginative spirit.

36

Kloeckl, Kristian. The Urban Improvise. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300243048.001.0001.

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The built environment in today's hybrid cities is changing radically. The pervasiveness of networked mobile and embedded devices has transformed a predominantly stable background for human activity into spaces that have a more fluid behavior. Based on their capability to sense, compute, and act in real time, urban spaces have the potential to go beyond planned behaviors and, instead, change and adapt dynamically. These interactions resemble improvisation in the performing arts, and this book offers a new improvisation-based framework for thinking about future cities. The book moves beyond the smart city concept by unlocking performativity, and specifically improvisation, as a new design approach and explores how city lights, buses, plazas, and other urban environments are capable of behavior beyond scripts. Drawing on research of digital cities and design theory, the book makes improvisation useful and applicable to the condition of today's technology-imbued cities and proposes a new future for responsive urban design.

37

Williams, Donald C. Global Urban Growth. ABC-CLIO, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400657887.

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This book examines the rapid expansion of urban areas worldwide, especially within the previous 50 years, identifying the factors that have contributed to this phenomenon and exploring its many consequences. Global Urban Growth: A Reference Handbook examines urbanization and the challenges associated with rapid urban growth and urban sprawl from a truly global perspective, rather than presenting only a limited exploration of the subject by addressing a single city, country, or region. Investigating urbanization and related policy challenges as both a general phenomenon of all modern societies and one that varies greatly in different regions of the world, the book charts different growth trajectories in these societies and varying policy responses. Significant variations in culture, historical background, economic factors, and political and social development are considered. A chapter on the United States and Canada documents how urbanization trends have occurred in North America and presents our policy approaches in comparison and contrast with the rest of the world. The author offers a balanced overview by marshaling the facts and clearly presenting both the benefits and the drawbacks for readers.

38

Schwerdtfeger, Friedrich. Hausa Urban Art and its Social Background: External House Decorations in a Northern Nigerian City (International African Institute). Lit Verlag, 2008.

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39

Glass, Ruth. The Social Background of a Plan: International Library of Sociology M: Urban and Regional Sociology (International Library of Sociology). Routledge, 2003.

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40

Ostergard, Derek E., Arnold Aronson, Joseph Urban e Matthew Wilson Smith. Architect of Dreams: The Theatrical Vision of Joseph Urban. Miriam & IRA D. Wallach Art Gallery, 2001.

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41

Whiting, Basil J. School-To-Work Transition: Reaching for Scale in Big Cities: A Background Paper Prepared for Linking School and Work in Urban Areas: A Three-City. Jobs for the Future, 1993.

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42

Forte, Lorraine. Improving the School-To-Work Transition: A Chicago Perspective: A Background Paper Prepared for Linking School and Work in Urban Areas: A Three-City C. Jobs for the Future, 1993.

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43

Daffern, M. J. Background considerations of ecological strategies for urban built form, and a preliminary outline for an integratedenergy analysis of buildings and transport in the Brighton and Hove region. 1995.

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44

Skujāne, Daiga, Natālija Ņitavska, Madara Markova, Aiga Spāģe e Inga Grīnfelde. Territory Planning and Integrated Natural Resource Management. Project of Cross-border Cooperation Programme 2014-2020 ‘‘Sticky urban areas’’. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/lbtu9789984484020eng.

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The developed guidelines are intended to be informative, methodological and educational material on integrated planning and management of natural resources in urban environments, including both theoretical insights and practical examples. The material consists of three main thematic sections. The first section includes a strategic and theoretical framework, describing the main insights on natural resources in urban environments, urban ecology and strategic documents involving integrated planning and management of natural resources. The second section looks at the main methodological approaches and concepts, while the third section summarises the existing tools related to integrated planning and management of natural resources. The layout of the material is as follows: the basis is general information on the topic, supplemented with the main findings highlighted in the color corresponding to the chapter and with examples from practice marked in gray background. This material has been produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union.

45

A Racial, gender, and background profile of the directors of the Federal Reserve banks and branches: Staff report of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, August 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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46

Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Integrating Environmental Considerations into Economic Policy Making Processes: Background Readings - Modalities for Environmental Assessments, Country Studies on Flood Loss Reduction in Bangladesh, Urban Development and Environmental Protection in Shanghai, China and Fishery Resources Development and Management in Samoa. United Nations Publications, 2000.

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47

Douglas, Gordon C. C. “I’m an Expert on Public Space”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190691332.003.0004.

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Chapter 4 focuses on the personal and professional background of many do-it-yourselfers who employ sophisticated knowledge of professional planning and scholarly urbanism in their interventions. In doing so, it begins to challenge binary notions of formality and informality in urbanism. The chapter includes discussion of the history of informality in cities and the development of professionalized urban planning and placemaking practices. It then discusses how many do-it-yourself urban designers have professional design training that they to use in their projects. Where others lack such a background, they often seek information from official sources in order to strengthen and legitimate their interventions, from tools, techniques, and guidelines to justifications grounded in social science research. Although this may lead to better-designed and more effective improvements, it also gives the individuals a certain confidence in the quality of their actions and their right to make them.

48

Oldfield, Paul. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717737.003.0001.

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The introduction establishes the importance of works of urban panegyric as sources for understanding urban transformation in the period 1100 to 1300. It details how the study categorizes and identifies works of panegyric, demonstrating that praise of cities appears in many and diverse textual forms and does not conform to a formulaic template. The introduction also provides an overview of the scholarship on urban panegyric and establishes some of the study’s key criteria (definitions of a city, geographical and chronological coverage). It also provides a contextual overview of the sociopolitical development of the medieval city in the Central Middle Ages as initial background for the thematic analyses that will follow in subsequent chapters. Finally, it provides an overview plan of the arrangement of the book and the content of its chapters.

49

Forrest, Ray, Julie Ren e Bart Wissink, eds. The City in China. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529205473.001.0001.

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In 2015, one hundred years passed since Robert Park penned his seminal article “The City: Suggestions for the investigation of human behaviour in the city environment” in the American Journal of Sociology. It provided an agenda for the Chicago school of urban sociology, which came to shape urban research for decades to come. Since 1915 much has changed, both in the urban world itself and in the urban research that reflects on those transformations. In today’s world of global cities, cities around the world have undergone dramatic development, and nowhere as dramatic as in China. In the world of urban research, Park’s human ecology approach has lost the appeal that it once had. Against this background, in this book specialists on urban China reflect on the relevance of Park’s article on “The City” – for cities in China, for urban research, and for questions about studying the social life of the city. The aim of the book is to take Park’s article as a point of departure for critical reflection on both the research on urban China and on the issues that Chinese cities face. The book offers readers a timely respite from the eruption of urban China research, to reflect on what the city in China contributes to urban studies more generally. Despite the shared starting point, the contributors represent a range of perspectives that would disrupt any notion of monolithic “Chinese school” while also pointing the way towards recurrent challenges, topics and approaches relevant for a contemporary urbanism.

50

Chan, Emily Ying Yang. Public health in rural Asia I. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198807179.003.0004.

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The rural health situation in Asia varies from country to country. In Asia, about half (47.5%) of the population were urban dwellers in 2014 and the rate of urbanization is expected to be the fastest compared to all other continents, of which approximately 65% live in urban settings. Projected between 2014 and 2050, seven of the ten countries with the largest declines in rural population are from Asia, with the top five coming from China, India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Bangladesh. The top five most populous urban agglomerations in 2030 will all be located in Asia, namely Tokyo (37.2 million), Delhi (36.1 million), Shanghai (30.8 million), Mumbai (27.8 million), and Beijing (27.7 million). This chapter summarizes the public health status quo in some of these Asia–Pacific countries, highlighting the challenges encountered and providing empirical background for organizing health and emergency and disaster risk reduction programmes.

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