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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Turquie – 1900-1945"
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Turquie – 1900-1945"
Tachjian, Vahé. "Minorités, États-nation, expansionnisme occidental : la zone frontière turco-syrienne dans l'entre-deux-guerres". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0044.
Texto completo da fonteI describe and I study in my thesis the minority issue in the frontier zone between Syria and Turkey. The chronological limits of my thesis is the period between the two wars, when three main protagonists are the important forces in the region: the minorities (Kurds, Armenians, Syriacs and others), the state-nations on their road to statehood (the case of Turkey, Syria and Iraq), the western expansionnism (the exemple of France, the mandatory power in the region). The issues that are raised in my work are the behaviour of three principal actors, from Cilicia until the Upper Djazira, all along the Turco-Syrian frontier. These protagonists are: the foreign expansionnist powers which were looking for local support to better infiltrate and to be firmly established in the region; the local forces trying to reinvent a new state order; the local minorities conforming faithfully to the political line of the foreign powers, which became, in their view, the only guarantee for their survival. In my thesis, I studied and compared essentially the politics implemented by the new Turkish state and by the French mandatory power in regards to the minorities living on the two sides of the artificial frontier, mainly in the regions of Cilicia and the Upper Djazira
Demir, Yaşar. "Le rattachement du sandjak d'Alexandrette à la Turquie, ambition turque et l'influence des dynamiques locales : la politique de la France dans le Levant (1918-1939)". Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1042.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this thesis that is prepared under the direction of Prof Paul Dumont is "The inclusion of Alexandretta Ensign to Turkey, the desire/appetite of Turkey for this region and the effect of local dynamics: The Levant Policy of France". The purpose ofthis research is to enlighten the small percentage of recent history of Turkish-French relations in various aspects. The Antakya region, which is regarded as sacred by three monotheistic religions and which is the cradle of humanity, the crossroads of civilizations, the pearl of East and the symbol of tolerance has cradle ofhumanity, the crossroads of civilizations, the pearl of East and the symbol oftolerance has been the subject ofmany research projects. Now, it deserves to attract attention one more time by means of the research projects conducted in France and Turkey. The importance of this region is so important that the history and multi-cultural and ethnie dimension of it got beyond the limits of states. Indeed, the assets of the religious, cultural, social and eth ic structures ofthis region make it important that, it became as a crossroad where the great powers impose their own cultures to protect their interests. Because ofthis richness and diversity, the Alexandretta Ensign has been also the center of problems internationally. The thesis consists offive parts: chronology, bibliography, appendices and photograph parts. .
Dost, Pinar. "De la neutralité à l’alliance : aux origines de la prééminence américaine en Turquie, 1939-1947". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0084.
Texto completo da fonteThe official foreign policy of Turkey during the Second World War was the neutrality. Nonetheless, during the war Turkey became the “ally”of one camp and the friend of the other; Turkey bought weapons and sold its chrome to both camps, obtained credits and offered them the facilities of the country. It is possible to observe different tactics of the Turkish government, while the goal remains the same: to stay out of the war. Contrary to the historiography of the Turkish-American relationships which claimed that the sole interest of USA in Turkey was only after the declaration of the Truman Doctrine, and within the political frame of the containment of USSR, the origins of the preemminance of USA in Turkey should be seeked during the war as well. It is during the war that the American officials believed in the necessity of cutting all the barriers that obstructed the commericial exchange, of utilising the economy in order to inflict the politics; this is enabled by their new definition of national security that emerged during the war. One of the goals that resulted from this new concept was to stop any possible conflicts in the distant territories that were needed as overseas military bases and it is especially during the war that they got into competition with the Great Britain concerning the Middle East. The Soviet threat suspending over Turkey starting from 1945 onwards offered the Americans the pretext to realize an expansion policy towards Turkey, a policy already plannified during the war
Sayan, Celal. "La construction de l'État national turc et le mouvement national kurde (1918-1938)". Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010669.
Texto completo da fonteTejel, Gorgas Jordi. "Le mouvement kurde de Turquie en exil : continuités et discontinuités du nationalisme kurde sous le mandat français en Syrie et au Liban (1925-1946)". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0088.
Texto completo da fonteThis research aims to study the history of the Kurdish movement in the transitory period which divides the protonationalist mobilisation in the late Ottoman era from modern nationalism. This change is made under the influence of the Kurdish leadership from Turkey, but exiled in Syria and Lebanon. While the Syrian Jazirah under the French Mandate is the main political scene of the research, nevertheless the Kermalist Republic is a omnipresent reference. If in Turkey different Kurdish revolts take place, the core of this thesis is the Kurdish cultural movement articulated around the Khoyboun Society. Finally, we purpose of a better standing of the Kurdish ideology, our work stresses the interactions between this Kurdish intellectuals and, on the one hand, the Kurdish leaders of Iran and Iraq, and, on the other hand, the Armenian Tashnak party
Gotikian, Guevork. "La question arménienne : de la veille de la Grande guerre au traité de Lausanne, d'après les archives françaises". Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET2045.
Texto completo da fonteBased on documents issued from the French records, the main purpose of this ph. D. Deals with the ultimate stage of the Armenian issue from 1914 to 1923. This ph. D. Examines the Armenian genocide which was perpetrated over the World war I as well as the numerous repercussions generated by it. When this genocide nearly come over, revolutionary events dismembered the Russian empire and creating independent states. As a consequence a short-lived Armenian republic arised in 1918. This state disappeared in 1920 under the combined fire of the Moscow-Ankara axis, wars with its Transcaucasians neighbours and inertia of the entente's powers. After the great war, allied powers took no further interest in the Armenian issue by delaying the conclusion of a peace treaty with turkey. As a consequence, each allied power applied its own policy in Asia minor. Until its abandonment in Lausanne, the Armenian problem has been punctuated by feats of arms and not by interallied negotiations. Consequently, this situation has only diplomatically sanctionned militarian reality. After its funeral in 1923, the Armenian issue gave birth to the Armenian cause
Garin, Michel. "Les immigrés indépendants originaires de Grèce et de Turquie à Paris de 1920 à 1936". Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0006.
Texto completo da fonteThis research attemps to answer the question of whether the development of independent activity on the part of immigrants from Greece and Turkey depended on their geographical origin and/or their community origin. The main portion covers all the immigrants born in Greece or Turkey and shown on each of the censuses of March 1926, March 1931 and March 1936 as well as immigrants borns in Greece or Turkey, and registered on the Register of Commerce of the Seine Department from 1920 to 1936. The five groups defined by cross-referencing their geographical and community origins - Armenians from Turkey, Greeks from Greece, Greeks from Turkey, Jews from Greece and Jews from Turkey - had differing reasons to emigrate and options to return. There are many points in common as regards independent activity in the various groups, in particular the continuous increase in their rate of independence during the period as well as the driving forces and the process of development of the independent activity. However there are also significant differences. Firstly, there are differences in the rate of independence. The highest rate of independence is seen among Jews from Greece, followed by Jews from Turkey, then Greeks from Greece, Greeks from Turkey and finally Armenians from Turkey. Differences may also be seen in the geographical distribution and residential concentration of the various groups. Independent Armenians from Turkey and Greeks from Greece and Turkey are more numerous in the trades than in commerce; Jews from Greece and Turkey are more numerous in commerce
Szurek, Emmanuel. "Gouverner par les mots : une histoire linguistique de la Turquie nationaliste". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0027.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis focuses on language policies in nationalist Turkey between the late 1920s and the mid 1940s. It claims to present a social and intellectual history of linguistic practices and their authoritarian transformation in the single-party era (adoption of the Latin alphabet in 1928, systematic eviction of usual Arabic and Persian words in the 1930s in favor of Turkish vocables, massive production of "Turkish-pure" neologisms in the 1930s and 1940s ; adoption of a patronymic system of identification of the individuals from 1934 onwards). It is a cross analysis, conducted in the long term and from a transnational perspective, of four types of phenomena, respectively a linguistic phenomena (language practices, clutched on social variance), a metalinguistic phenomena (scientific knowledges) and an epilinguistic dimension (linguistic opinion movements). Highlighting the interrelationships between these four levels of reality is what we call a linguistic history of nationalist Turkey
Nahum, Henri. "Les Juifs de Smyrne à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle : de l'État plurinational à l'État-nation". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040171.
Texto completo da fonteThe Ottoman Empire was plurational, plurireligious and plurilingual. In Smyrna, at the end of the 19th century, five "nations" lived together: the Muslim Turkish one, the Greek one, the Armenian one, the Latin one and the Jewish one. The life of the Jewish "nation", its relations with the ottoman state and the other "nations" of Smyrna, the European influence especially the influence of the Alliance Israelite universelle, are studied. The First World War and the war between turkey and Greece from 1919 to 1922 destroy that equilibrium which was already unstable. The Turkish republic is a nation-state which intends to be homogeneous and unitarian. The Jewish community tries to adapt itself to this new structure
Falierou, Anastasia. "Le vêtement et les modes vestimentaires à Istanbul des Tanzimat jusqu'à la Turquie républicaine (1826-1925)". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0103.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis studies the processes of modernization in the way of life and their impact on the clothing question and styles of dressing across five different historical periods : the reign of Mahmud II (1808-1839), the Tanzimat era (1839-1876), the Hamidian era (1876-1909), the Young Turk period (1908-1918) and finally the first years of the Turkish Republic (1923-1925), up to the promulgation of the hat law. The developments in men's and women's clothing followed different chronological processes : for men, the changes began with the reforms of Mahmud II ; for the women of the harem changes did not appear before the 1860s, and for those of the middle class, even later. Despite the gap in chronology, men's and women's clothing styles are mirrors on the surface of wich gender identities are constructed. Clothing molds the body and transforms nature into cultural identity. It is my hypothesis that the evolution of Ottoman clothing styles was a result of changes in the notions of masculinity and feminity an the emergence of a new aesthetic ideal