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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Travelers – Africa – 19th century"

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Fritsch, Kathrin. "“You Have Everything Confused and Mixed Up…!” Georg Schweinfurth, Knowledge and Cartography of Africa in the 19th Century". History in Africa 36 (2009): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0008.

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Petermanns Geographische Mittheilungen, the leading German geographical journal of the nineteenth century, is of fundamental significance for the early scholarly study of Africa. It printed numerous accounts by practically all of the important explorers of the time, in particular under the aegis of the geographer August Petermann. Of particular significance are the cartographic supplements to the articles published in the journal. These maps showed for the first time hitherto unknown areas of Africa. Although the data for these maps were often collected in the field under difficult conditions by European travellers, and drawn up in Gotha with the assistance of numerous specialists (astronomers, geologists, cartographers, lithographers, graphic artists), their creation would have been impossible without the cooperation of Africans. That is to say, these maps, a medium seen as a most exact expression of scientific and technical progress, could not have been produced without the assistance of so-called “natives” or “savages.” This aspect of cartographic production, to which little attention has been paid so far, is the subject of a research project at the Institute for Regional Geography in Leipzig initiated in May 2009. In the course of this project, a range of German-language travelers' accounts will be studied, giving special attention to the role of indigenous informants and in combination with archival materials. This paper is based on the example of the German African explorer Georg Schweinfurth.In September 1863, the as yet unknown botanist Georg Schweinfurth announced the start of his African projects in a “call to botanists” in Petermanns Geographische Mittheilungen, describing his planned “expedition over several years to Egypt, Nubia and the countries of the Upper Nile, devoted solely to botanical purposes.” Although Schweinfurth did not publish solely in the Geographische Mittheilungen in the following years, he remained in close contact with Petermann, especially with regard to new geographical discoveries. Unlike other travelers, Schweinfurth often visited areas barely known to geographers, where he compared existing maps most carefully with his own observations. In this way he was able to correct many inaccuracies and improve European cartographic knowledge of these regions. A total of six maps by Schweinfurth appeared in the Geographische Mittheilungen between 1865 and 1877.
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Troutt Powell, Eve M. "From Odyssey to Empire: Mapping Sudan Through Egyptian Literature in the Mid-19th Century". International Journal of Middle East Studies 31, n.º 3 (agosto de 1999): 401–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800055495.

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The medieval Arabic cartography of Africa outlined a paradoxical continent of facts, myth, and mystery. Ever since the great geographers such as al-Idrisi, al-ʿUmari, al-Masʿudi, and Ibn Battuta traveled to and wrote about Africa, the map of Black Africa became a combination of mystical and empirical knowledge, the result of, in the words of Paulo Fernando de Moraes Farias, “the interplay of the ideological and the cognitive.” These kinds of maps were very illustrative of certain classificatory categories in which Africans in general were known, and where cultural boundaries were drawn between more specific areas, such as Egypt and neighboring African kingdoms. Merchants and traders also contributed to the mapping of the frontier to Egypt's uppermost south, the vast territory known as bilāad al-sūdān.
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Biginagwa, Thomas. "Counterfeit Glass Beads during the East African Caravan Trade: Mineralogical and Gemmological Analysis". Umma The Journal of Contemporary Literature and Creative Art 10, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2023): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/ummaj.v10i2.1.

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This article presents results from mineralogical and gemmological analyses of imperfectly made tubular beads excavated at Kilwa Kivinje, a 19th century coastal caravan terminus in southern Tanzania. These beads are unique in size, their material, and colour, in addition to lacking treated cut ends. Because of their distinctive flaw, these beads required thorough laboratory analyses to determine how they compare to other glass beads from the same archaeological context. Although 19th century European travellers’ accounts insist on glass beads being the popular commodity during the East African caravan trade, mineralogical and gemmological analyses revealed some of these beads to have been crafted from low-grade non-glass material. This prevented their standardisation in cut lengths, the permanency of coated colours, and the cut-ends treatment. These results justify speculation that these were counterfeits designed to pass for the original glass beads, possibly due to limited supply amidst high demand and the rapidly changing customer tastes for the much sought-after glass beads in East Africa during the height of the caravan trade. This is the first archaeological study in the region to examine the quality of traded glass beads during the caravan trade for their authenticity in artistry and material.
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Brisch, Gerald. "Tackling Africa: the resourceful Mrs J. Theodore Bent". African Research & Documentation 125 (2014): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x0002063x.

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This contribution represents a short introduction to the African travel notebooks, or ‘Chronicles’, of Mabel Virginia Anna Bent (1847-1929) - wife of the explorer James Theodore Bent (1852-1887) - and some of the resources consulted during research into the publication of these notebooks. What follows is based on a presentation made at the SCOLMA conference, the University of Birmingham, on 2 July 2014.The 19th century is studded with the derring-do of explorers in Africa and elsewhere, but we have relatively few first-hand records of husband-and-wife partnerships. And Mabel and Theodore Bent really were one of the great British travelling partnerships in terms of their results, the distances covered, and the sheer physical efforts involved over a period of nearly twenty years of journeying together between 1880 and 1897. In particular, Theodore's work in today's Zimbabwe made the couple into explorer-celebrities, and accounts of them at travellers’ soirées, or sharing passenger lists with famous names, such as Stanley, are common. The couple regularly feature in the major relevant bibliographies - archaeological, ethnographical, and travel - to this day.
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Schriber, Mary Suzanne. "Women's Place in Travel Texts". Prospects 20 (outubro de 1995): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300006049.

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In the 19th Century, white American women of the middle and upper classes began to travel abroad in significant numbers for the first time in history. Prior to the 19th Century, and with the exception of such women as Abigail Adams and Martha Bayard, who accompanied their parents or husbands on diplomatic missions, American women as a rule traveled only about the countryside or to frontier settlements. Beginning in the 1820s, however, and escalating after the Civil War, the prototypes of Henry James's Isabel Archer and Edith Wharton's Undine Spragg set out by the hundreds to see the world, from Europe to the Middle East and from Africa to Japan and China. The greatest number of them visited the British Isles and continental Europe. As early as 1835, according to Paul R. Baker, some fifty American women visited Rome during Holy Week. Many women were among the fifty thousand Americans who, in 1866 alone, traveled to Europe. According to Mrs. John Sherwood in 1890, there were “more than eleven thousand virgins who semi-yearly migrate[d] from America to the shores of England and France.” Women found their way to virtually all parts of the world, as the book-length travel accounts of women (far fewer than the numbers of women who traveled) show. Women published accounts of twenty journeys to China, seventeen to Palestine, eleven to India, twenty-two to Egypt, two to the East Indies, twenty to Greece, three to Arabia, six to Algeria, and four to Africa, as well as travel in Central and South America, Cuba, the Yucatan, and Jamaica.
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Karolewska, Henryka. "Na afrykańskich i amerykańskich szlakach – vie romancée Aleksandra Marka Jawornickiego". Zeszyty Kaliskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk 23 (2024): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/26578646zknt.23.008.18890.

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On African and American Routes – Vie Romancee of Aleksander Marek Jawornicki The aim of the article is to present, based on a few materials from the Polish and Polish American press from the end of the 19th century, the figure of a lawyer, journalist and traveler who is now forgotten. Aleksander Marek Jawornicki, born in 1847 in Radom, graduated from law studies, but worked in the profession for a short time. From 1874, he collaborated with, among others, with the “Kaliszanin” daily, publishing novels, pictures, humorous sketches, and reviews. In 1887, he took part in a research trip to West Africa, led by Leopold Janikowski. After his return, he published letters, sketches, short stories and novels based on his impressions from the expedition in the Polish press, and in 1892 he was also the editor of “Kaliszanin”. In 1896 he left for America and settled in Chicago. He was the editor of the Polish diaspora “Katolik”, later ran a pharmacy in Milwaukee, was a doctor in Michigan and a priest of the Polish Catholic Church in Chicago. He died there in 1900.
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Niwiński, Andrzej. "Travels of Count Michał Tyszkiewicz to Africa, his excavations in 1861–1862, and the origin of his collection of Egyptian antiquities". Światowit 57 (17 de dezembro de 2019): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6818.

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Count Michał Tyszkiewicz (1828–1897) was one of the most renowned collectors of the ancient classical art at the end of the 19th century. His interest in archaeology and ancient art was developed during his travel through Egypt in 1861. His Journal of the Travel to Egypt and Nubia, fortunately found in 1992 in Poznań, recounts this journey. From Egypt, Michał Tyszkiewicz brought a collection of antiquities, estimated to have comprised c. 800 objects; today, over a half of them can be found in museums in Paris (Louvre), Warsaw, Vilnius, Kaunas, and Moscow. The majority of the objects originated from excavations conducted by the count, particularly in Thebes (Luxor area), by virtue of an official licence granted to him exceptionally by Mohamed Said Pasha – the then head of the Egyptian state. The present article discusses the circumstances of granting of this permission in the period when a strict state monopoly was imposed on archaeological investigations and presents the course of the excavations along with their results.
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АЙЗЕНШТАТ, М. П. "“CIVILIZATION” AND “BARBARITY” IN BRITAIN’S LITERARY PRACTICE FROM THE END OF 18th TO THE BEGINNING OF 19th CENTURY". Цивилизация и варварство, n.º 11(11) (18 de novembro de 2022): 308–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2022.11.11.013.

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В статье автор анализирует литературную практику на основе материалов популярного либерального издания «Эдинбургского обозрения, или критического журнала». Это было издание, специально посвященное критическим обзорам книг, вышедших в Британии, Париже, Берлине и других городах мира. Их тематика охватывала широкий круг тем по политике, экономике, общественным пробле-мам и истории. Рецензии освещали либеральный взгляд на историю в контексте идей Просвещения. Авторы обзоров восприняли теоретическое осмысление исторического процесса шотландскими просветителями. Они предполага-ли, что все люди в своем развитии проходят одни и те же стадии: дикость, варварство и цивилизацию. В контексте идей о стадиях развития рецензенты рассматривали труды, где говорилось о путешествиях, встречах с иной культурой чиновников, миссионеров и военных. При несовершенстве предложенной схемы вслед за авторами книг рецензенты оценивали уровень развития народов и племен, населявших Африку, Америку и Азию. Как правило, они относили их к стадии дикости и варварства. Полагая, что британцы до-стигли высшего уровня — цивилизации, авторы ряда книг и рецензенты выдвигали планы по цивилизации этих народов. The author analyses the literary practice liberal edition “The Edinburgh review, or critical journal”. It was original special edition with review of books from Britain, Paris, Berlin and other towns of the world. Their problems spread all themes over economy, politics, civil problems, etc. and history from liberal opinions on them from enlightenment position. The authors of journal shared Scotland enlightenment’s theo-retical opinion about historical development. They thought all people gone same stages: savage, barbarity and civilization. From that opinion the authors analyzes books wrote about travels meeting with another culture. As the author of books reviewers thought the tribes and people of America, Asia and Africa were at the stages of savage and barbarity. And Britons as civilized nation should bring civilization to them.
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Andryeyev, Vitaliy, Svitlana Andryeyeva e Oleksandr Kariaka. "Mykhailo Bernov as a Pioneer of Hiking Tourism: Travels through the South of Ukraine and the Crimea (Part IІ. Crimea. Summer, 1895)". Kyiv Historical Studies 16, n.º 1 (2023): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2023.11.

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This article examines the activities of Mykhailo Bernov as one of the founders of hiking tourism in the Russian Empire and Europe, his journey through the Crimea in the summer of 1895, the public updating of knowledge about the region and publishing activity based on his travel notes “From Odessa on foot to Crimea. Letters of a Russian Pedestrian” (St. Petersburg, 1896) and other sources. Attention is focused on the author’s imperial style of thinking and his understanding of the civilizational role of the Russian Empire in the region, interest in the achievements of the emperors, their military and administrative figures. It is concluded that the wide erudition and experience of previous travels allowed Mykhailo Bernov to create a unique image of the newly annexed province of the Russian Empire — a wide and colorful canvas of the life of the polyethnic population of Crimea at the end of the 19th century. The author recorded the peculiarities of the national, religious culture and character of various ethnic and social groups, the current state of the monuments of nature, history and culture. The source research potential and features of the traveler-pedestrian’s notes for studying the everyday activity of the population in the region, meetings with interesting people are emphasized. The trip to the Crimea contributed to the expansion of Mykhailo Bernov’s horizons, his study of the history of the East, the Arabic language and the study of the Koran. The traveler often compares the nature of the Crimean Peninsula with the landscapes of various parts of Europe and North Africa, but also recognizes its uniqueness. The author’s image of Crimea is an economically promising region, but burdened by historical contradictions and natural-geographic limitations. He considered the lack of water and poorly developed infrastructure to be the main disadvantages of the peninsula. However, in general, he assessed the peninsula as very attractive for various types of tourism (educational, cultural, gastronomic, health, sports), including due to the natural and climatic combination of the sea and mountains in the conditions of a subtropical climate and the friendliness of the local population. Mykhailo Bernov demonstrated his life strategy of a talented, goal-oriented individual, open to new knowledge and impressions, who was able to realize his dreams.
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Atamturk, Nurdan, e Seyit Ozkutlu. "Nature of Cypriots in the Light of 19th Century Travel Literature". Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, n.º 31 (7 de agosto de 2020): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.31.07.14.

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This study explores the impressions of the 19th century travelers on the nature of Turkish and Greek Cypriots by focusing on their relationships with each other, their personal characteristics, and their attitudes towards foreigners and visitors. Since the focus of the study is the nature and culture of the Cypriots, Cypriots' characteristics, distinctive features, attitudes towards travelers, moods and mindset are presented comparatively in the light of travelers’ reflections in their written accounts. The data were elicited from primary and secondary sources. Primary sources in this context refer to the published books of the 19th century travelers to Cyprus while secondary sources constitute the studies on the issue in the relevant literature. All books written by travelers to Cyprus in the 19th century were perused to find the data related to the nature of Cypriots and their characters over a period of a year. The collected data were then coded and classified to reveal the themes, namely hospitality, friendliness, family loyalty and docility. Being a type of content analysis, conceptual analysis was conducted in data analysis. Since almost all studies on the 19th century Cyprus travel literature are related to the political and religious dynamics of 19th century Cyprus, this study is thought to fill a gap in the relevant literature by shedding light on the socio-cultural aspects of Cyprus. The results revealed that the Cypriots were quite hospitable towards the travelers since the travelers acknowledged that they felt properly welcomed. Friendliness, helpfulness and docility were found to be other features exhibited by Cypriots in the traveler accounts. The other highly praised characteristic was found to be devotion to home and family.
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Travelers – Africa – 19th century"

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Yang, Hao-han Helen, e 楊浩涵. ""A lady wanted": Victorian governesses abroad1856-1898". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41633805.

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Tanir, Engin Deniz. "The Mid-nineteenth Century Ottoman Bulgaria From The Viewpoints Of The French Travelers". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606837/index.pdf.

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This thesis deals with Bulgaria under the Ottoman rule in the second and third quarters of the 19th century. The sources used in this study are the works of 18 French travelers who have explored this region in that period. In this work the data collected by the French travelers, their impressions on the people and the region are evaluated. The thesis analyses Bulgaria under the last days of the Ottoman rule and assesses the outlook of Bulgaria regarding its demographic situation, the characteristics of its peoples, religous communities, and with the developments in agriculture, industry and trade through the French traveler'
s outlook.
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Murphy, Lynne M. "Muslim family life in the Middle East as depicted by Victorian women residents". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65957.

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Strickrodt, Silke. "Afro-European trade relations on the western slave coast, 16th to 19th centuries". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2616.

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This thesis deals with the Afro-European trade on the Western Slave Coast from about 1600 to the 1880s, mainly the slave trade but also the trade in ivory and agricultural produce. The Western Slave Coast comprises the coastal areas of modem Togo and parts of the coastal areas of Ghana and Benin. For much of the period under discussion, this region was dominated by two kingdoms, the kingdom of the Hula (or Pla), known to European traders as Great or Grand Popo, after its coastal port (in modern Benin), and the kingdom of the Ge (Gen/Guin/Genyi), known to European traders as Little Popo, after its main coastal port (in modern Togo). In the nineteenth century, two more ports of trade appeared in the region, Agoud (in modem Benin) and Porto Seguro (in modern Togo). In terms of the Afro-European trade, this was an intermediate area between regions of greater importance to slave traders, the Gold Coast to the west and the eastern Slave Coast (mainly the kingdom of Dahomey) to the east. This thesis gives a detailed reconstruction of the political and commercial developments in the region, especially for the period from the 1780s and the 1860s. The discussion is based mainly on archival material from British, French and African archives, but also makes use of a wide range of published accounts, mainly in English, French and German, and information from oral traditions. Beyond its immediate local interest, the thesis contributes to our understanding of the operation of the Afro-European trade and its impact on African middleman societies. The intermittent commercial success of 'the Popos' illustrates the dynamics of the trade especially clearly. The Western Slave Coast is placed into the wider transatlantic trade network and its role in the trade re-evaluated. The link between the local and overseas economy is illustrated by the centrality of the lagoon, which is discussed in detail. Other important issues that are addressed include the role of the canoemen in the trade, the transition from the slave trade to the palm oil trade and the Afro-Brazilian settlement at Agoue.
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Darch, John. "The influence of British Protestant missionaries on the development of the British Empire in Africa and the Pacific circa 1865 to circa 1885". Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683148.

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Marshall, Richard Graham. "A social and cultural history of Grahamstown, 1812 to c1845". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002401.

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This thesis examines the development of Grahamstown from its inception in 1812 to the mid-1840s, paying particular attention to the social and cultural life of the town. It traces the economic development of the town from a military outpost to a thriving commercial settlement, noting the essential factor of the town's proximity to the Cape frontier in this process. The economic interaction between diverse groups in the town mirrors the social and cultural interaction which occurred between British settlers, Khoekhoe and Africans. The result of these interactions was the creation of a new, distinctively South African urban society and culture, despite the desire of the white settlers to reproduce a “typical” English environment in their new home. The conflict between attempts to anglicise the urban environment and the realities of Grahamstown's situation on a colonial frontier was reflected in the architecture and layout of the town. Attempts to recreate an English social environment also failed. New classes arose in the town in response to the economic opportunities available on the frontier. Although some settlers prospered, many did not, and the presence of an impoverished white working class undermines settler historians' picture of settler success and affluence. The poorest people in the town, though, were the increasing numbers of Khoekhoe and Africans who migrated from the surrounding countryside, and who were unequally incorporated into the urban community as a colonial labouring class. In response to these unique circumstances, white settlers in Grahamstown developed a powerful political and propaganda machine, which helped lay the foundations of a distinct settler identity in the eastern Cape.
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Botha, Deona. "An assessment of the health status of late 19th and early 20th century Khoesan". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33153.

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Since the arrival of the Dutch colonists in the Cape, Khoesan populations were subjected to severe political and economical marginalization and often fell prey to racial conflict and genocide. These circumstances persisted until the early 20th century, during which an astonishing number of Khoesan skeletons were transported from South Africa to various locations in Europe, as at the time, different institutions competed to obtain these valuable remains. Due to the above mentioned circumstances, Southern African Khoesan groups suffered from nutritional stress, as well as substandard living conditions. Such living conditions probably did not allow for health care and medical benefits at the time. It will therefore be interesting to evaluate the health status of this group through palaeopathological assessment. Skeletal remains housed in two different European institutions were studied. The sample comprises of 140 specimens from the Rudolf Pöch Skeletal Collection in Vienna, Austria and 15 specimens from the Musée de l’Homme in Paris, France. These individuals represent both sexes and were aged between newborn and 75 years, with 54 individual being younger than 20 years of age and 101 being adults. The aim was to analyse all skeletal lesions. Results indicated high levels of typical disease conditions associated with groups under stress, such as periostitis, cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis. Treponemal disease, rickets, osteoarthritis and trauma were also encountered amongst other more specific indicators of health and disease. This study provided additional knowledge on the health status and lives of the Khoesan people during the turn of the 20th century, as well as focused new awareness on a group of severely mistreated individuals.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Anatomy
unrestricted
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Anderson, Carol. "On the contrary : counter-narratives of British women travellers, 1832-1885". University of Western Australia. English and Cultural Studies Discipline Group, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0058.

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This study examines five counter-narratives written by British women between 1832 and 1885 who wrote in a non-conformist or negative manner about their travel experiences in foreign countries. In considering a small number of women travellers who took an alternative approach to narrating their experiences, a key objective of this study is to consider the reasons for the way in which the women writing counter-narratives positioned their writing. After considering how the quasi-scientific concept of domestic womanhood attempted to restrict Victorian women in general, and in particular influenced how women travellers were viewed, an exploration of counter-narratives questions whether the sustained interest in more positive travel accounts reflects a simplified contemporary, if not feminist, reading of Victorian women. An examination follows of the influence of discourse criticism, alternative interpretations of geographical space, and the presence of intertextuality in travel writing. The chapters are then arranged chronologically, with each counter-narrative being analysed as emanating from the range of discourses that were in conflict during the period. The writers form a varied group, travelling and living in five different countries, with a range of contradictory voices. Susannah Moodie and Emily Innes are outspoken in their criticism of British government policy for Canada and the Malay States respectively; Isabella Fane in India and Emmeline Lott in Egypt are disdainful of foreign practices which were otherwise considered fascinating on account of their exoticism; Frances Elliot differentiates her writing by opposing the ubiquitous influence of guidebooks for European travel. Thus each account records an aspect of political or cultural opposition to established discourses circulating at the time, as the women challenge the 'grand narratives' of foreign travel in different ways. Because such accounts may be challenged by literature of the period, the study positions the women in the context of their contemporaries, and thus each chapter examines the counter-narrative alongside another account by a female writer who travelled or lived in a similar area during the same era. Moreover, before examining the range of discursive complexities and tensions that emerge in each case study, the writers are positioned in their geographical locations and historical moments so that the texts are read against the cultural background to which the women were originally responding. The marginalisation of such counter-narratives has led to gaps in our understanding of travel writing from the period: where accounts once coexisted they are separated, and positive accounts are privileged over negative ones. It is this discontinuity of knowledge that the study will address in order to create a truer picture of the diversity of travel writing at the time.
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Paterson, Craig. "Prohibition & resistance: a socio-political exploration of the changing dynamics of the southern African cannabis trade, c. 1850 - the present". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002403.

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Looking primarily at the social and political trends in South Africa over the course of the last century and a half, this thesis explores how these trends have contributed to the establishment of the southern Africa cannabis complex. Through an examination of the influence which the colonial paradigm based on Social Darwinian thinking had on the understanding of the cannabis plant in southern Africa, it is argued that cannabis prohibition and apartheid laws rested on the same ideological foundation. This thesis goes on to argue that the dynamics of cannabis production and trade can be understood in terms of the interplay between the two themes of ‘prohibition’ and ‘resistance’. Prohibition is not only understood to refer to cannabis laws, but also to the proscription of inter-racial contact and segregation dictated by the apartheid regime. Resistance, then, refers to both resistance to apartheid and resistance to cannabis laws in this thesis. Including discussions on the hippie movement and development of the world trade, the anti-apartheid movement, the successful implementation of import substitution strategies in Europe and North America from the 1980’s, and South Africa’s incorporation into the global trade, this thesis illustrates how the apartheid system (and its collapse) influenced the region’s cannabis trade.
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Kayongo, Kabunda. "Reciprocity and interdependence : the rise and fall of the Kololo empire in Southern Africa in the 19th century /". Lund : Almqvist och Wiksell, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35518867j.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Travelers – Africa – 19th century"

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Wanrooij, Bruno P. F., 1954-., ed. Otherness: Anglo-American women in 19th and 20th century Florence. Fiesole (Firenze): Cadmo, 2001.

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Kriger, Colleen E. Pride of men: Ironworking in 19th century West Central Africa. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1999.

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Kriger, Colleen E. Pride of men: Ironworking in 19th century West Central Africa. Oxford: James Currey, 1999.

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Wadak, Tongshinen Yohanna. History of Chrisianity in West Africa up to the 19th century. Pankshin, Nigeria: Academic Trust Fund, 2005.

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5

Lagogianni-Georgakarakos, Maria. A dream among splendid ruins...: Strolling through the Athens of travellers 17th-19th century. Editado por Ethnikon Archaiologikon Mouseion (Greece). Athēna: Hypourgeio Politismou, 2015.

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Ethelreda, Lewis, ed. Trader Horn: A young man's astounding adventures in 19th century equatorial Africa. San Francisco: Travelers' Tales, 2002.

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Christianity, Currents in World, ed. Native agency in 19th century West Africa: The case of Bishop Crowther. Cambridge: Currents in World Christianity Project, 1998.

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Schmidt, Bettina. Creating order: Culture as politics on 19th and 20th century South Africa. Nijmegen: Third World Centre, University of Nijmegen, 1996.

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Leo. A geographical histories of Africa written in Arabic and Italian by John Leo, a Moor born in Granada brought up in Barbarie. Pittsburgh, PA: Jones' Research & Pub. Co., 1994.

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Koivunen, Leila. Visualising the "Dark Continent": The process of illustrating nineteenth-century British travel accounts of Africa. Turku, Finland: Department of General History, University of Turku, 2006.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Travelers – Africa – 19th century"

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da Silva, Filipa Ribeiro, e Kleoniki Alexopoulou. "Governing Free and Unfree Labor Migration in Portuguese Africa, 19th–20th Century". In Migration in Africa, 178–202. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003225027-13.

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Austin, Gareth. "Migration in the Contexts of Slaving and States in 19th-Century West Africa". In Migration in Africa, 37–55. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003225027-4.

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SYGKELLOU, Efstratia. "Seeking Byzantium: A Tour around the Ambracian Gulf through the Eyes of the European Travelers (17th–19th Century)". In Studies in Byzantine History and Civilization, 203–24. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sbhc-eb.5.121923.

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Feichtinger, Johannes, e Johann Heiss. "Interactive Knowledge-Making: How and Why Nineteenth-Century Austrian Scientific Travelers in Asia and Africa Overcame Cultural Differences". In Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 45–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37922-3_3.

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Deliss, Clémentine. "The Practice of Academic Iconoclasm in the Metabolic Museum-University". In Museum und Ausstellung als gesellschaftlicher Raum, 191–204. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839466681-019.

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In this article, curator Clémentine Deliss ask you to imagine an educational dispositive that changes the status of the public from consumer to student. Such a museum-university could provide research and professional opportunities for students in the arts and humanities, in particular for those who have studied hybrid post-colonial subjects all over the world from South Africa to Oslo, from Singapore to London. Moreover, no one requires an exam to study in the museum. Given today's complex demographics and the economics of university education, museums can become spaces for democratic inquiry and learning. It is within this context that the Metabolic Museum-University (MM-U) has been setting up student and faculty-led situations, which (like rehearsals and exercises) aim to encourage the public to engage with exhibits differently.If the museum-university advocates a methodology of academic iconoclasm, then it aims to consciously fracture the archive and refute disciplinary divisions inherited from 19th-century European scholasticism. Transgressive adjacency places artefacts, methods, cultural formations, languages, and roles next alongside one another in order to confront the validity of contexts that are defined by specialisms and which create a transversal approach.
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Ayenachew, Deresse. "Environmental Descriptions of European Travelers in Ethiopia (16th-19th c.)". In Climatic and Environmental Challenges: Learning from the Horn of Africa. Centre français des études éthiopiennes, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.cfee.405.

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"Swahili Documents from Congo (19th Century): Variation in Orthography". In The Arabic Script in Africa, 311–17. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004256804_015.

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"Exporting the Covenant: Scottish Missionary Tales and Africa, c.1870–c.1920". In Scotland and the 19th-Century World, 159–87. Brill | Rodopi, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401208376_012.

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VIRCHOW, R. "Nubians (from Northeastern Africa)". In The Debate about Colour Naming in 19th Century German Philology., 77–86. Leuven University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qdzqn.7.

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Parra Lazcano, Lourdes. "Foreign Travelers’ Accounts and Fanny Calderón de la Barca’s Life in Mexico". In The Oxford Handbook of Mexican History. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190699192.013.18.

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Abstract Foreign travelers arrived in large numbers in Mexico, especially after Mexican War of Independence, to see the country and access its commercial potential. Each of them talked about the Valley of Mexico, its richness and human diversity. The way these travelers wrote about their “gazes” over this valley—in particular Fanny Calderón de la Barca—is key to understanding the politics of their trips. After their initial viewing, foreign travelers described the Mexican social and political situation as ripe for exploitation and improvement. The chapter presents anecdotes and accounts of foreign travelers in Mexico during the nineteenth century. It primarily focuses on Fanny Calderón de la Barca and her work, Life in Mexico: Residence of Two Years in That Country. Calderón de la Barca’s work is relevant because she was the wife of the first Spanish minister of independent Mexico and had the opportunity to travel extensively throughout the country. Moreover, the work is considered to be a crucial text in terms of history, politics, and literature, despite her tendency to disseminate gender stereotypes and racist and classist assumptions. The work of Fanny Calderón de la Barca, and her gaze as it falls upon the Valley of Mexico, reflect the politics of mid-19th-century Mexico.
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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Travelers – Africa – 19th century"

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Łukowska, Maria Antonina. "OCEANIA IN THE TRAVEL REPORTAGE (TRAVEL WRITING) OF BRITISH WOMEN PIONEERS OF TOURISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY". In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b2/v4/11.

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The phenomenon of British women travelers - the forerunners of modern tourism - deserves attention because of the motives of their travels, the directions of their journeys and the permanent mark they left behind, creating the genre of women's travel reportage - women's travel writing. What prompted British women to travel more often than other women? Barbara Hodgson answers this self-asked question as follows. The inhabitants of the United Kingdom of both sexes were eager wanderers and colonizers. Women travelers have left behind descriptions of their journeys in the form of travel reports, which are a source of geographical knowledge about Oceania, among other places and touristic conditions. They are also a testimony to the mentality of 19th century British women. The author uses the historical method and critical reading of this texts of culture.
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Morozov, Evgeny. "Northeast Africa In International Relations Of The Late 19th Century". In International Scientific and Practical Conference «MAN. SOCIETY. COMMUNICATION». European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.05.02.114.

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Tleubekova, G. "Late 19th – early 20th century European travelers account of the nomadic people of Central Asia". In Scientific dialogue: Questions of philosophy, sociology, history, political science. ЦНК МОАН, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-01-07-2020-05.

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Philippov, A. V., e M. A. Azarkina. "Japan in the Middle of the 19th Century through the Eyes of Russian Traveler Ivan Goncharov (Based on the Library Collections of the Faculty of Asian and African Studies, St. Petersburg State University)". In IV Международный научный форум "Наследие". SB RAS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-6049863-7-0-45-58.

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The article analyzes the perception of Japan in the middle of the 19th century through the eyes of the Russian writer Ivan Goncharov. As secretary of Yevfimiy Putyatin’s mission (who concluded the first Russian-Japanese treaty in 1855), he kept travel notes, which later turned into a famous essay about a trip to Japan. The study is based on a rare edition of “Russians in Japan”, published in 1855, a few years before the appearance of the famous book “Frigate Pallada”. Goncharov’s notes marked the beginning of a new stage of awareness about Japan in the Russian Empire. His impressions added new colors to the portrayal of the country of Rising Sun, which Russians already knew from notes about the captivity of Vasily Golovnin (1816) and the three-volume work of the famous German Japanologist Philipp Franz von Siebold (1854). The valuable edition of Goncharov’s notes from the Library of the Faculty of Asian and African Studies of St. Petersburg State University (with an inscription from the author to Putyatin) differs from the text in the “Frigate Pallada” that was subjected to severe revision. Unlike this later version, this one, in many ways, resembles the unredacted travel notes made by Gonncharov during the Putyatin’s mission. Also, Iosif Goshkevich, who mastered the Japanese language during his stay in the country, accompanied Yevfimiy Putyatin as an interpreter. “Russian-Japanese Dictionary” (in fact, it is a Japanese-Russian dictionary) was published by him in collaboration with Tachibana Kosai in 1857. Two copies of this dictionary are available in the faculty’s Library (with autographs). One was a gift from Nicholas of Japan, and another - from the faculty teacher Kurono Yoshibumi. The authors aim to familiarize the general public with these rarities of the Library, which date back to the time of the conclusion of the first treaty between Russia and Japan and are directly related to the beginning of Russia’s in-depth acquaintance with Japan.
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Marinković, Milica. "NASTANAK I RAZVOJ TURIZMA U FRANCUSKOJ". In XIX majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xixmajsko.209m.

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The author gives an overview of the origin and development of tourism as a cultural and economic phenomenon. Tourism in France was created not only by internal factors, but also by external factors. English travelers from high society were pioneers of pleasure travel, and their favorite destination was precisely France. The first part of the paper concerns the very beginnings of tourism in the 18th century. The tourism of that time did not resemble today's neither in terms of numbers nor in terms of the main tourist attractions. The goal of tourist trips was either to use the beneficial effects of spa and sea waters or to spend the winter in a warmer climate. The second part of the paper deals with the further development of tourism in the 19th century. Thanks to the synergy of romantic ideals of nature and the development of the transport network, France is becoming an increasingly important tourist destination for travelers from both Europe and America. The final part of the paper gives a brief overview of the massification of tourism in France in the 20th century.
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Marinković, Milica. "NASTANAK I RAZVOJ TURIZMA U FRANCUSKOJ". In XIX majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvixmajsko.209m.

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The author gives an overview of the origin and development of tourism as a cultural and economic phenomenon. Tourism in France was created not only by internal factors, but also by external factors. English travelers from high society were pioneers of pleasure travel, and their favorite destination was precisely France. The first part of the paper concerns the very beginnings of tourism in the 18th century. The tourism of that time did not resemble today's neither in terms of numbers nor in terms of the main tourist attractions. The goal of tourist trips was either to use the beneficial effects of spa and sea waters or to spend the winter in a warmer climate. The second part of the paper deals with the further development of tourism in the 19th century. Thanks to the synergy of romantic ideals of nature and the development of the transport network, France is becoming an increasingly important tourist destination for travelers from both Europe and America. The final part of the paper gives a brief overview of the massification of tourism in France in the 20th century.
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Wesley, S. N. "The Crimea on the pages of foreign travelers’ diaries of the first half of the 19th century: members of the military and reconnaissance expeditions about Kerch". In IX International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Viena: East West Association GmbH, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ix-symposium-9-65-68.

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Dedousis, Giorgos, Konstantinos Katsantonis, Anastasia Georgaki e Areti Andreopoulou. "Designing Historically Informed Soundscapes for the Augmentation of Modern Travel-Guides: Challenges and Compromises". In ICAD 2021: The 26th International Conference on Auditory Display. icad.org: International Community for Auditory Display, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2021.036.

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The design of immersive soundscape experiences, both for artistic and informative purposes, is an established field in Auditory Display. This paper describes the process of designing historically informed soundscapes to be incorporated in modern travel-guide applications. The work stems from the research project TRACCE (TRavelogue with Augmented Cultural & Contemporary Experience), which focuses on the design and development of a platform for augmented cultural routes. Using this platform, hikers can follow the journey of 18th and 19th century travelers, having access to the original travelogues, tracked routes, and a wide variety of modern information. User experience is augmented by means of visual and auditory reconstructions of the original surrounding environments in several identified points of interest in each path. Apart from the creative process and technical details, the paper discusses the design challenges, which mainly stem from a) the limited data available which would allow an accurate and convincing reconstruction of the acoustic environments, b) the need for diverse auditory displays which would grasp the users’ attention, and c) the difficulty in designing soundscapes which would be interesting, appropriate, and informative for a wide audience of various age groups, educational backgrounds, and sensory abilities.
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Mahrour, Illili. "Inheriting Tindjellet: nine hidden fortresses in the ancient Timimoun Sebkha harbour, Gourara (Algerian Sahara)". In FORTMED2024 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2024.2024.18359.

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Tindjellet is one of the fortified settlement oases forming the network of the Gourara defensive structures in the north of Timimoun sebkha or salty soils, on the edge of the Meguiden, an erosion glacis of a sandstone cuesta area of the Continental Intercalaire. Tindjellet nine fortresses are situated in the southwest of Algeria on the ancient caravan trails linking sub-Saharan Africa to the Atlantic shores and the Mediterranean world a site made famous until the 19th century for its eight mosques. By using a space anthropological approach prevailing oral tradition we have tried to understand why Tindjellet is still known as the “Marsa”, an old harbor on the edge of the Hellala plateau. We have also questioned how the inhabited spatial organization grew on a cornice above the Ouled Ilyas bour, a non-irrigated palm tree area owned by a former Andalusian tribe, in this early Saharan lake human settlement today composed of hundreds distinct tumbled-down defensive structures. Despite their advanced state of ruins, whether occupied or abandoned, the nine hidden fortresses and their landscape are identified as the establishment of ancient red sandstone defensive constructive know-how with vertical wells dug one hundred meters into the rocky peak. The building technic is based on curved and right-angled stone masonry of the defensive walls as well as circular and squared angles towers like in Agham Tawriḥt and Taourayaḥt, two Tindjellet nine ruined defensive structures. The fortresses toponymy, the water system and cemetery position together with the saints’ tomb structures highlight the territory defensive system and stone architecture construction technics and allow to follow throughout time the development of this Saharan stone building culture from the Almoravid period to the 18th century.
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Siviero, E., e V. Martini. "Bridges in the World Heritage List Between Culture and Technical Development". In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0153.

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<p>The aim of this paper is to present some bridges inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List and their Outstanding Universal Values, which explain the importance of these works of art in terms of engineering, technology, culture and technical development. The Iron Bridge, the first metal bridge in the history of construction, is of considerable importance, not only in historic, technological and constructive terms: here, architecture and engineering are revealed to the full, making the bridge into a place. The Forth Bridge is a globally-important triumph of engineering, representing the pinnacle of 19th century bridge construction and is without doubt the world’s greatest trussed bridge. The Vizcaya Bridge, completed in 1893, was the first bridge in the world to carry people and traffic on a high suspended gondola and was used as a model for many similar bridges in Europe, Africa and America, only a few of which survive. The Mostar Bridge is an exceptional and universal symbol of coexistence of communities from diverse cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds. The Oporto bridges, interpreted in Vitruvian terms, represent a heritage, a “set of spiritual, cultural, social or material values that belong, through inheritance or tradition, to a group of people…”, a complex grouping that marks and symbolises an era, the Eiffel's masterpiece. Because the bridge is not only a work of art, but also a thought.</p>
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