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1
Frank, Mary Catherine. "Can theory help translators? Can translators help theory? : an investigation through translations of Ottokar Domma's 'Der brave Schüler Ottokar'". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.752750.
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Flavia, Aiello Traore. "Translating Culture: Literary Translations into Swahili by East African Translators". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-137419.
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Lengo la makala hii ni kujaribu kufafanua jinsi wafasiri walivyotafsiri kwa Kiswahili baadhi ya riwaya zilizoandikwa kwa lugha za kigeni, enzi za baada ya nchi za Afrika kujipatia uhuru. Kwa ajili ya mada yenyewe nimechagua mkusanyo wa riwaya nne zilizotafsiriwa na Watanzania, yaani Shamba la wanyama (kilichoandikwa na Fortunatus Kawegere, 1967), Shujaa Okonkwo (Clement Ndulute, 1973), Mzee na bahari (Cyprian Tirumanywa, 1980) na Barua ndefu kama hii (Clement Maganga, 1994). Wafasiri hao walikabiliana vipi na vipengele vya kitamaduni vya lugha chanzi (za jamii zenye maisha, dini, misemo, methali tofauti na yao n.k.)? Kwa kuzingatia swali hilo, makala inaeleza baadhi ya mbinu zilizotumiwa na watafsiri wa Kiswahili wakishughulika na maandishi kutoka kwa fasihi ya kigeni.
3
Borresly, Dhyiaa. "Natural translators and trainee translators in the context of societal bilingualism". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/102314/.
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This doctoral thesis is an investigation into the process of translation performed by “natural” translators in comparison to MA Translation Studies students, hereon after will be termed trainee translators. “natural” translators were defined following Harris and Sherwood understanding of “natural” translation as: “the translation done in everyday circumstances by people who have had no special training for it” (1978: 155). The research examines bilinguality and diglossia in the context of Kuwait and how these two factors influence the translation process. The research examines the participants’ working units as well as the most commonly used strategies in the translation of culture-specific items and in the translation of English passive voice into Arabic. The study also explores the cohorts’ perceptions of translation and of the role of the translator drawing from Tymoczko’s call to look beyond Western conceptualisations of translation. The study uses think-aloud protocols (TAPs) to monitor and understand the process of translation. Different levels of working translation units were identified among the cohorts which further highlights the importance of translator training. Trainee translators worked on larger segments, mixing different levels of translation units. On the other hand, natural translators worked primarily on smaller units, although some worked on larger units. In terms of strategies, the research explores how time restrictions and the observational method might influence the strategies applied in a translation task. In terms of strategies there were general similarities in the types used, trainee participants and “natural” participants used global and local strategies to complete the task within the time frame. The participants were observed to advocate for an active role of the translator in some instances, however, the authority of the text was also an important aspect that was taken into consideration during the task. This project aims to contribute to existing literature in process-oriented research by comparing the process of translation with that of “natural” translators to academically instructed translators. This research also sets out to make an empirical contribution to the research in translation from English to Arabic.
4
Pirouznik, Mehrnaz. "Personification in translators' performances". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668766.
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Poco se sabe de la psicología de los traductores y de cómo los rasgos de personalidad pueden influir en los procesos
cognitivos del traductor. Esta investigación pretende determinar si las interacciones (verbales i/o imaginarias) de los
traductores se establecen con el texto de partida en tanto a objeto lingüístico o como persona, y hasta qué punto el
grado de la personificación imaginaria del texto depende de la personalidad del traductor. Se informa sobre un estudio
think-aloud en el cual 16 traductores profesionales contestaron a la encuesta de personalidad NEO-FFI y luego
tradujeron un texto del inglés al farsi. Se calculan las correlaciones entre la personificación y una amplia gama de
variables: género, edad, años de experiencia profesional, presencia de información sobre el autor, tiempo para
realizar la traducción, problemas identificados y estrategias de gestión de riesgo. El análisis cualitativo de las
verbalizaciones de los traductores indica las posibles causas de las correlaciones cuantitativas. Se detecta una
correlación negativa significativa entre la personificación y la personalidad concienzuda, en el caso de los hombres,
pero no de las mujeres. De manera inesperada, cuantos más años de experiencia tiene el traductor, tanto menos se
detecta la personificación y la apertura a las experiencias nuevas.
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Pinto, Péricles de Souza. "Professional vs novice translators". Florianópolis, SC, 2004. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/87019.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-21T13:28:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 207680.pdf: 1256598 bytes, checksum: 3ccce94f88743d7014af37886d776d77 (MD5)
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Yip, Kit-wan, e 葉潔雲. "The role of Lin Shu's translations in the introduction offoreign culture in the late Qing period". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2684011X.
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Lee, Tzu-yi Elaine. "Translators as gatekeepers : gender/race issues in three Taiwan translations of The color purple". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1015.
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Translation is regarded as a constrained activity (Boase-Beier & Holman, 1999: 7). During the process of translation, there are inevitably factors that influence the translator. However, the factors influencing Taiwanese translators have rarely been investigated in translation studies. This is especially so of the time in the late 1980s when society, culture, and politics were in rapid transition. This study sets out to investigate potentially influential factors operating on Taiwanese translators during the translation process by considering three translations focusing on gender and race issues in the novel The Color Purple. Three versions were translated into Chinese in the same year, 1986. Such a rare occurrence gives us the opportunity to examine how these potentially influential factors, particularly the ones from the wider social context, affected each translation, and to draw wider implications for how translators tackled issues of gender and race in a socially sensitive context. The study adopts and modifies Chesterman's causal model (1992) as the theoretical framework; the study also uses Leuven-Zwart's transeme model (1989) and the concept of critical discourse analysis to investigate semantic shifts and ideological concerns in the gender and race issues in the three Taiwanese versions. Interviews are used to provide additional data. Our findings suggest that each translator, while tackling ideologies of anti-sexism and anti-racism in the original text, was influenced by individual factors, leading to divergent re-presentations. Nonetheless, rather than simply being influenced and conditioned, these variables to some extent empowered the translators to push the boundary of the prevailing attitudes in their translations. The translators' decisions on linguistic items, therefore, became their distinctive, personal responses to the target society, the translation field and the original.
8
Chapelle, Niamh [Verfasser], e Jenny [Akademischer Betreuer] Williams. "The translators' tale: a translator-centred history of seven English translations (1823-1944) of the Grimms' fairy tale, Sneewittchen / Niamh Chapelle. Gutachter: Jenny Williams". Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2001. http://doras.dcu.ie/17982/.
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Chapelle, Niamh Verfasser], e Jenny [Akademischer Betreuer] [Williams. "The translators' tale: a translator-centred history of seven English translations (1823-1944) of the Grimms' fairy tale, Sneewittchen / Niamh Chapelle. Gutachter: Jenny Williams". Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2001. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-330283.
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Loulakaki, Irene. "Seferis and Elytis as translators". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405548.
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O'Sullivan, Carol. "The stance of the translator : the importance of stance and status in translations and self-translations of and by James Joyce, Samuel Beckett and Raymond Queneau". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249063.
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Cardoso, Teixeira Carlos da Silva. "The impact of metadata on translator performance: how translators work with translation memories and Machine translation". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285838.
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Els traductors professionals fan servir diferents tipus d'eines electròniques per aconseguir un major nivell de productivitat i qualitat. Les dues eines més conegudes són les memòries de traducció i, més recentment, la traducció automàtica. Aquesta tesi investiga com el funcionament de les eines de traducció i aspectes específics de les interfícies gràfiques d'usuari afecten al rendiment del traductor. L'estudi duu a terme un experiment amb deu traductors professionals que tradueixen de l'anglès a l'espanyol en el camp de la localització de programari. Els resultats apunten al fet que les metadades de traducció - el conjunt d'elements de meta-informació que sorgeixen de les propostes de traducció generades per aquestes eines - afecten indicadors de rendiment com la velocitat, la qualitat i l'esforç de tecleig. També es descobreix que els traductors inverteixen més temps a pensar com traduir un segment que teclejant o editant les traduccions proposades. Els resultats d'aquest estudi poden ajudar a identificar fluxos de treball més eficients, amb beneficis per a traductors i clients en termes de cost i qualitat. Els resultats també poden ajudar a entendre els processos cognitius de l'activitat traductora i contribuir al desenvolupament d'eines més eficients i ergonòmiques, amb la finalitat d'augmentar la satisfacció laboral.Los traductores profesionales emplean diferentes tipos de herramientas electrónicas para lograr un mayor nivel de productividad y calidad. Las dos herramientas más conocidas son las memorias de traducción y, más recientemente, la traducción automática. Esta tesis investiga como el funcionamiento de las herramientas de traducción y aspectos específicos de las interfaces gráficas de usuario afectan al rendimiento del traductor. El estudio lleva a cabo un experimento con diez traductores profesionales que traducen del inglés al español en el campo de la localización de software. Los resultados apuntan a que los metadatos de traducción - el conjunto de elementos de meta-información que surgen de las propuestas de traducción generadas por dichas herramientas - afectan a indicadores de rendimiento como la velocidad, la calidad y el esfuerzo de tecleo. También se descubre que los traductores invierten más tiempo en pensar cómo traducir un segmento que tecleando o editando las traducciones propuestas. Los resultados de este estudio pueden ayudar a identificar flujos de trabajo más eficientes, con beneficios para traductores y clientes en términos de coste y calidad. Los resultados también pueden ayudar a entender los procesos cognitivos de la actividad traductora y contribuir al desarrollo de herramientas más eficientes y ergonómicas, con la finalidad de aumentar la satisfacción laboral.
Professional translators employ different kinds of electronic tools in order to achieve increased levels of productivity and quality. The two most prominent of such tools are translation memories and, more recently, machine translation. This thesis investigates how the functioning of translation tools and specific aspects of their graphical user interfaces affect translators’ performance. The study was carried out through an experiment with ten professional translators working from English into Spanish in the domain of software localisation. It was found that translation metadata – a set of meta-information elements provided by the tools about the translation suggestions – affect performance indicators such as speed, quality and typing effort. It was also found that translators spend more time thinking about how to translate a segment than actually typing or making edits to the suggested translations. The results of this study can help identify more efficient workflows, with benefits in terms of costs and quality for translators and their clients. The findings can also help understand the cognitive processes behind the translating activity and contribute to the development of tools that are more efficient and ergonomic, with a view to increasing job satisfaction.
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Fernandes, Ronald, Michael Graul, John Hamilton, Burak Meric e Charles H. Jones. "DEVELOPING INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL TRANSLATORS FOR DATA DISPLAY SYSTEMS". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604905.
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ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe focus of this paper is to describe a unified methodology for developing both internal and external data display translators between an Instrumentation Support System (ISS) format and Data Display Markup Language (DDML), a neutral language for describing data displays. The methodology includes aspects common to both ISSs that have a well documented text-based save format and those that do not, as well as aspects that are unique to each type. We will also describe the means by which an external translator can be integrated into a translator framework. Finally, we will describe how an internal translator can be integrated directly into the ISS.
14
Miller, David R. "Towards knowledge-base systems for translators". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9811.
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The aim of this thesis is twofold. First, on a theoretical level, it aims to examine knowledge from two standpoints: translation theory and artificial intelligence (AI). Second, on a more practical level, it aims to explore the applicability of research in the branch of AI known as knowledge engineering to the eventual development of knowledge-base systems for translators (KBSTs). The "opaqueness" of a text, or its resistance to understanding, often reflects a difference between the translator's knowledge profile and the knowledge profile that the author of the original text assumed for his reader. Consequently, knowledge maximization can be considered a viable translation strategy for countering opaqueness. When translators work without sufficient knowledge, they are forced to fall back on a "transcoding" or word-bound approach, which, although it sometimes produces acceptable results, is likely to produce an unidiomatic text and is much more prone to serious translation errors. The goal of a KBST, therefore, must be to provide enough knowledge to allow the translator to engage his "interpretative" or meaning-based mode of translating. A knowledge-management system developed at the University of Ottawa called CODE (Conceptually Oriented Description Environment) offers a knowledge acquisition and retrieval environment that can be adapted to the needs of translators. A knowledge base on stock-market options, called optionCODE, was developed by the present author using the system to explore the principle and problems of designing and using KBSTs. An informal experiment demonstrated that translators using this knowledge base as their sole source of knowledge to translate a text concerning options performed as well as, if not better than, a translator using traditional sources. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
15
Long, Luohui. "Design-Oriented Translators for Automotive Joints". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29316.
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A hierarchical approach is typically followed in design of consumer products. First, a manufacturer sets performance targets for the whole system according to customer surveys and benchmarking of competitors' products. Then, designers cascade these targets to the subsystems or the components using a very simplified model of the overall system. Then, they try to design the components so that they meet these targets. It is important to have efficient tools that check if a set of performance targets for a component corresponds to a feasible design and determine the dimensions and mass of this design.
This dissertation presents a methodology for developing two tools that link performance targets for a design to design variables that specify the geometry of the design. The first tool (called translator A) predicts the stiffness and mass of an automotive joint, whose geometry is specified, almost instantaneously. The second tool (called translator B) finds the most efficient, feasible design whose performance characteristics are close to given performance targets.
The development of the two translators involves the following steps. First, an automotive joint is parameterized. A set of physical parameters are identified that can completely describe the geometry of the joint. These parameters should be easily understood by designers. Then, a parametric model is created using a CAD program, such as Pro/Engineer or I-Deas. The parametric model can account for different types of construction, and includes relations for styling, packaging, and manufacturing constraints. A database is created for each joint using the results from finite element analysis of hundreds or thousands of joint designs. The elements of the database serve as examples for developing Translator A. Response surface polynomials and neural networks are used to develop translator A. Stepwise regression is used in this study to rank the design variables in terms of importance and to obtain the best regression model.
Translator B uses optimization to find the most efficient design. It analyzes a large number of designs efficiently using Translator A. The modified feasible direction method and sequential linear programming are used in developing translator B. The objective of translator B is to minimize the mass of the joint and the difference of the stiffness from a given target while satisfying styling, manufacturing and packaging constraints.
The methodologies for Translators A and B are applied to the B-pillar to rocker and A-pillar to roof rail joints. Translator B is demonstrated by redesigning two joints of actual cars. Translator B is validated by checking the performance and mass of the optimum designs using finite element analysis.
This study also compares neural networks and response surface polynomials. It shows that they are almost equally accurate when they are used in both analysis and design of joints.Ph. D.
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Usadolo, Sam Erevbenagie. "Justice through language : a critical analysis of the use of foreign African interpreters in South African courtrooms". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1503.
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This study represents an analysis of the use of foreign African interpreters in South African courtrooms in the context of the necessity of court interpreting as a vehicle through which accused persons can express themselves in defence of their rights, which may have been violated. As a background to the study, due consideration is given to the history of interpreting, followed by some theoretical perspectives of interpreting, where the differences between translation and interpreting are explained. The discussion of some of the theoretical issues of interpreting also focuses on the notion of equivalence, and the divergent views of scholars regarding this notion, which range from formal equivalence (a source-language oriented approach), through dynamic equivalence (in terms of which translation/interpreting must be in agreement with the form and cultural expectations of the receptor language community) to skopos theory (functional in approach and target text oriented). In discussing the role of the court interpreter, the role boundaries with regard to his/her professional relationship with other participants in the courtroom are highlighted. A related topic, namely that of quality in interpreting, is investigated in relation to quality control by professional associations in different countries, who act as regulatory authorities in this regard. A review of court interpreting in South Africa and selected countries in Africa and the EU, such as Nigeria, Benin, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Mozambique and Portugal reveals that efforts to develop court interpreting in some Africa and EU countries are either non-existent or at an incipient stage of development. While South Africa, compared to other countries in Africa, is making progress, she is far behind EU countries such as the UK, France and Spain –all of which possess accreditation systems, professional associations and registers of court interpreters. An analysis of the data collected on foreign African court interpreters shows that, although they work in the same courtrooms as their South African counterparts on a daily basis, they are treated differently in terms of employment procedures, training, remuneration, and such like. The study points out that some factors such as (a) the lack of adequate crosscultural awareness and (b) of a balanced proficiency in their language pair, as well as (c) and the existence of divergent dialects in those languages may pose a challenge to foreign African court interpreters in interpreting cross-border languages and in performing sight translations. The study further reveals that foreign African court interpreters are in serious breach of the professional code of conduct, as exemplified by instances of conflict of interest and partiality in their practices. As regards the management of court interpreters, the findings indicate a general laxity on the side of management, as a result of which there is a lack, inter alia, of an appropriate evaluation or monitoring strategy aimed at detecting such cases of conflict of interest and partiality.
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Cairns, Jill Kyla. "Sociocultural persuasion in advertising: Considerations for translators". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4170.
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This thesis discusses how sociocultural meaning is layered into the rhetorical structure of advertising and illustrates how an ad's meaning achieves its goal of persuading consumers to buy a specific product. Its aim is to deepen translators' understanding of the advertising genre and elaborate a theoretical base that can help them make decisions about composing the translation specifically for the target culture. The key elements of translating advertising, namely the importance of its persuasive function, its cultural groundwork, and its communicative unity, are determined through a survey of translation literature. The recurrence of communicative variables such as the addresser-addressee relationship, intention, and purpose is furthered in an investigation of the rhetorical structure of print advertisements. A framework that describes the layering of ideologemes, values, and beliefs in persuasive language, through stereotypes and cliches, is proposed to improve translators' understanding of advertisements. This framework is then applied to four in-depth analyses of ads and their translations. Observations include translators' misunderstanding of the rhetorical importance of the textual and visual unity in ads and the importance of cliches as pivotal logical devices and carriers of sociocultural meaning.
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Cairns, Jill. "Sociocultural persuasion in advertising, considerations for translators". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ36671.pdf.
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Al, Nafra Nermeen. "Developing translators' skills : a diachronic case study". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7352/.
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This study investigates how and to what extent following a training programme at postgraduate level affects trainee translators’ perception of translation problems and the way they justify their decisions. This study explores how trainee translators describe the strategies they used to identify translation problems and the justification of the decisions made, as well as to what extent trainee translators integrate the theoretical knowledge acquired throughout the course into translation practice. The one-year master’s degree programme in Translation Studies at the University of Birmingham was used as a case study to undertake this research. Data was collected at different stages throughout the academic year (2012-2013). The research techniques used in this case study consisted primarily of a translation task completed by trainee translators and accompanied by forms to comment on translation problems and translation strategies. The task was followed, in some cases, by retrospective interviews. Textual analysis using the appraisal system developed by Martin and White (2005) was used to examine the stance trainee translators adopted in describing their strategies. This study suggests that translation training, in particular theoretical knowledge of translation acquired throughout the programme, has an impact on the trainees’ perception of translation problems and the manner in which they justify translation strategies. The present study also advances a new hypothesis: trainee translators become more objective and assertive in the justification of their solutions as a consequence of following a translation training programme.
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Buttacavoli, Matthew. "An Ethnographic Study of Translators and Technology". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405431440.
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Fleuri, Lilian Jurkevicz. "O perfil ideacional dos itens lexicais translator/tradutor em Translators through history e em Os tradutores na história". Florianópolis, SC, 2006. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106583.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da TraduçãoMade available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T21:35:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 244427.pdf: 4839244 bytes, checksum: 971388d1920c42e07bd54c5a51c2923f (MD5) Previous issue date: 30
A pesquisa parte dos conceitos de linguagem e de texto desenvolvidos pela Lingüística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF) que interpreta a língua como um sistema modelador de realidades. Partindo desse conceito, sugere-se, nesta pesquisa de caráter interdisciplinar, a interface entre a Lingüística Sistêmico-Funcional, os Estudos da Tradução e a Lingüística de Corpus para análise descritiva da obra Translators Through History e sua tradução Os Tradutores na História. Busca-se examinar o perfil ideacional dos itens lexicais "translator/tradutor" em ambos os textos, identificando-se os padrões emergentes na textualização e na retextualização e os novos significados construídos no processo de retextualização. Observase que, apesar de os padrões de transitividade serem análogos em ambos os textos # os resultados da análise apontam para uma construção similar do "tradutor" # há especificidades no perfil ideacional do tradutor sendo tal item lexical mais representado como Portador na textualização (texto em inglês) e mais como Ator na retextualização (texto em português), configurando-se, portanto, em uma representação que enfatiza um papel ativo do tradutor no contexto de chegada. This thesis draws on the concept of language and text developed by Sistemic Functional Linguistics which undertakes language as a modeling system of realities. An interface between Systemic-Functional Linguistics, Translation Studies and Corpus Linguistics is pursued in order to carry out a descriptive analysis of the book Translators Through History and its retextualization, Os Tradutores na História. The Ideational profile of the lexical items translator/tradutor is analyzed in both texts, with a view to identifying emergent patterns and new construals in the retextualization. Results show that despite the transitivity patterns being similar in both texts # a similar construction of the "translator" can be found in both texts # it becomes evident that a slightly different representation emerges from the analysis of the #translator#: This lexical item is represented as a Carrier in the textualization and as an Actor in the retextualization. The target text thus construes an active role for the translator in the target context.
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Sakamoto, Akiko. "Translators theorising translation : a study of Japanese/English translators' accounts of dispute situations and its implications for translation pedagogy". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29157.
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The gap between theory and practice has long been an issue of discussion in Translation Studies, particularly in the pedagogy of translation. While the teaching of theory has been an integral part of translator education in academic institutions, students and practitioners of translation tend to think that practice should be prioritised over theory. Although scholars have often argued the benefit of theoretical knowledge of translation to practice, the discussions have tended to lack empirical evidence, relying heavily on anecdotal evidence provided by teachers as well as the beliefs of scholars. Against this background, the present study aims to generate a translators’ version of translation theory from working practitioners’ meta-discourse about their professional practice. The main source of data comes from semi-structured interviews with seventeen successful translators who work in the language combination of English and Japanese. Using a methodologically eclectic approach (drawing on grounded theory, narrative inquiry and Discursive Psychology), the translators’ theorisation patterns are explored, which is then compared with various theories of translation that are popular within academia or related to the study outcomes. The study revealed that the major concepts presented in the interviewees’ theorisation are: role of participants and natural/literal translations. Their accounts demonstrated a particular narrative structure involving the concepts of text type, money, feedback and repeated commission. In addition, scarce use of metaphor was identified as their discursive characteristics. By comparing the outcomes with the theories found within academia, I argue that the similarities and differences identified can be fed into translation pedagogy, particularly in relation to the notions presented in the theory of translatorial action, norm theory, skopos theory and dichotomous notions of translation such as foreignising and domesticating translations. Some suggestions of how to use those outcomes in the classroom will be presented too.
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Lederbauer, Claudia M. "Die Unsichtbarkeit der Uebersetzerinnen in Literaturrezensionen US-amerikanischer Tageszeitungen". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1206388500.
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Ip, Chi-yin, e 葉志硏. "Translating America". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29753223.
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Zapata, Rojas Julian. "Translators in the Loop: Observing and Analyzing the Translator Experience with Multimodal Interfaces for Interactive Translation Dictation Environment Design". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34978.
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This thesis explores interactive translation dictation (ITD), a translation technique that involves interaction with multimodal interfaces equipped with voice recognition (VR) technology throughout the entire translation process. Its main objective is to provide a solid theoretical background and an analysis of empirical qualitative and quantitative data that demonstrate ITD’s advantages and challenges, with a view to integrating this technique into the translation profession.
Many empirical studies in human-computer interaction have strived to demonstrate the efficiency of voice input versus keyboard input. Although it was implicit in the earliest works that voice input was expected to completely replace—rather than complement—text-input devices, it was soon proposed that VR often performed better in combination with other input modes. This study introduces multimodal interaction to translation, taking advantage of the unparallelled robustness of commercially available voice-and-touch-enabled multimodal interfaces such as touch-screen computers and tablets. To that end, an experiment was carried out with 14 professional English-to-French translators, who performed a translation task either with the physical prototype of an ITD environment, or with a traditional keyboard-and-mouse environment. The hypothesis was that the prototypical environment would consistently provide translators with a better translator experience (TX) than the traditional environment, considering the translation process as a whole. The notion of TX as introduced in this work is defined as a translator’s perceptions of and responses to the use or anticipated use of a product, system or service.
Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using different methods, such as video and screen recording, input logging and semi-structured interviews. The combined analysis of objective and subjective usability measures suggests a better TX with the experimental environment versus the keyboard-and-mouse workstation, but significant challenges still need to be overcome for ITD to be fully integrated into the profession. Thus, this doctoral study provides a basis for better-grounded research in translator-computer interaction and translator-information interaction and, more specifically, for the design and development of an ITD environment, which is expected to support professional translators’ cognitive functions, performance and well-being. Lastly, this research aims to demonstrate that translation studies research, and translation technology in particular, needs to be more considerate of the translator, the TX, and the changing realities of the interaction between humans, computers and information in the twenty-first century.
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Kelly, Krista. "The Internet as an information source for translators". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10230.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the Internet as a source of information for translators. Specifically, its goal is to determine the usefulness and efficiency of the Internet as a means of providing some of the linguistic and domain knowledge required during the translation process. This thesis is divided into four chapters. In Chapter 1, I examine the unique set of factors that gives rise to translators' information needs, and, in particular, how translators' information needs differ from those of unilingual writers. Next, I examine some of the tools that translators have traditionally used to find various kinds of information, and I end this chapter by providing an overview of the trend toward the automation of translation tools. In Chapter 2, my focus turns to the Internet. I explore its history and current state, as well as the technological concepts that are at the heart of network communication. Next, I examine in detail several Internet tools, with a particular emphasis on how each them can be of use to translators. In Chapter 3, I carry out a practical exploration of the Internet, which involves actually translating three specialized texts, with the Internet being used as the sole source of information. I then assess the usefulness and efficiency of the Internet for the translation of the three texts. The results of this exploration indicate that the Internet's value can vary significantly from one type of text to another. Finally, in Chapter 4, I provide an overall assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the Internet as a tool for translators, and I conclude this thesis by outlining some additional issues raised during the study.
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Marais, Kobus. "Training translators in South Africa : first global questions". Journal for New Generation Sciences : Socio-constructive language practice : training in the South African context : Special Edition, Vol 6, Issue 3: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/513.
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Published ArticleThis article questions current philosophies and practices in translator training in South Africa against the background of the international debate on translator training. It puts up for discussion the notion of a competent translator as the basis for departure in a discussion on translator training. The context within which translator training takes place is discussed, with specific reference to the South African context. The choice for a particular theory of teaching and learning, as well as assessment in translator training receives attention. The article puts forward various research questions that should be addressed in order to enhance translator training.
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Odom, Stuart A. "Translator writer systems". Master's thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020105/.
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Holm, David. "A framework for rapid development of dynamic binary translators". Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-867.
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Binary recompilation and translation play an important role in computer systems today. It is used by systems such as Java and .NET, and system emulators like VMWare and VirtualPC. A dynamic binary translator have several things in common with a regular compiler but as they usually have to translate code in real-time several constraints have to be made, especially when it comes to making code optimisations.
Designing a dynamic recompiler is a complex process that involves repetitive tasks. Translation tables have to be constructed for the source architecture which contains the data necessary to translate each instruction into binary code that can be executed on the target architecture. This report presents a method that allows a developer to specify how the source and target architectures work using a set of scripting languages. The purpose of these languages is to relocate the repetitive tasks to computer software, so that they do not have to be performed manually by programmers. At the end of the report a simple benchmark is used to evaluate the performance of a basic IA32 emulator running on a PowerPC target that have been implemented using the system described here. The results of the benchmark is compared to the results of running the same benchmark on other, existing, emulators in order to show that the system presented here can compete with the existing methods used today.
Several ongoing research projects are looking into ways of designing binary translators. Most of these projects focus on ways of optimising code in real-time and how to solve the problems related to binary translation, such as handling self-modifying code.
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Qudah-Refai, Somia. "Dogmatic approaches of Qur'ān translators : linguistic and theological issues". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9013/.
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The Qur’ān has an unparalleled importance in the Muslim’s life and daily practice. Qur’ān translations are a window onto the world of Islam and its sacred text. They are equally important to Muslims who do not understand the Qur’ān in its original language, and to communicate the message of Islam to Mankind. Given this importance, it is crucial to evaluate and enhance the accuracy and fidelity of Qur’ān translations. This research provides an insight into and a critical assessment of thirty-five different English Qur’ān translations, exploring linguistic and theological issues found in translations in the light of modern translation theories, aiming to understanding the role of the translator’s dogma and exploring whether it is reflected in their translations or not. The first chapter provides an initial evaluative survey of the chosen English translations of the Qur’ān based on how the translators present their work. The second chapter aims to investigate the principles and problems of translation, its evaluation and quality assessment. This leads to the development of a proposed evaluative model to apply to Qur’ān translations within linguistic and theological parameters. The third chapter discusses the first suggested parameter, linguistic problems, by means of a close analysis of Qur’ānic linguistic features and various problematic elements in their translation. The fourth chapter discusses the second suggested parameter, theological problems, shedding light on the exegetical and theological aspects of Qur’ānic discourse and translations. The fifth and sixth chapters apply the models and principles mapped out in the previous chapters. Linguistic and theological issues are examined with reference to the translator’s dogma. The analyses falls under three main categories: problematic linguistic issues, problematic linguistic issues with dogmatic reference, and dogmatic and theological issues. This analysis helps in answering the main research questions, with respect to linguistic and theological issues. It also benefits from the suggested TQA model which can be further developed to draw up a similar model for assessing Qur’ān translations in different languages.
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Tishkina, Mariia. "European Multilingualism and the Role of Translators and Interpreters". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23641/.
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When the European Economic Community was first created, it only had six members and four official languages; after more than sixty years and six enlargements the official languages became twenty-four, as the number of Member States increased to twenty-seven. The European Union considers multilingualism one of its core values as well as an essential feature of a democratic organisation and ensures that all of the European citizens have a right to access the European legislation and communicate with the European institutions in their own language. To accomplish this goal of linguistic diversity the European Union employs a considerable number of interpreters and translators. This paper aims to analyse the role of interpreters and translators, who often remain invisible, in this multilingual and multicultural context and prove their importance despite some of the issues connected to this policy. From a general historical and linguistic overview of the European Union, the paper goes into more detail to describe how both translation and interpreting resources are managed in the European institutions, while the final section provides an analysis of the obstacles to multilingualism.
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McBride, Cheryl. "Translation memory systems: An analysis of translators' attitudes and opinions". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28404.
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Translation memory (TM) systems are among the most aggressively marketed and widely used computer-aided translation tools. Previous studies have focused on when and how TMs are used, but there is significantly less information available relating to translators' perceptions of and attitudes towards them.
The goal of this thesis is to explore translators' unprompted opinions of the issues related to TM system usage. After analyzing postings on translators' discussion boards, I propose to compare current assumptions about TM systems and their use with what translators are expressing in their unprompted opinions. I believe that with a better understanding of different perspectives and attitudes, translators can evaluate and potentially adjust their own perceptions in light of others' experience, developers and vendors can respond more accurately to users' needs, clients can better comprehend translators' concerns, and researchers and trainers can properly address the issues currently surrounding TM system usage.
This thesis is organized into three chapters. Following a general introduction, Chapter I explains the functioning of TM systems and the issues surrounding their use, and then explores what is known about the use of TM systems and attitudes towards them as these are expressed in scholarly research, vendor promotional materials, surveys of practicing translators, and analyses of mailing lists. Chapter 2 provides a description of the methodology used in this project to select a primary resource, extract TM-related information, and classify the data. Chapter 3 presents a summary and analysis of the data found in the corpus. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the findings of this research and their implications for translators, vendors, clients/agencies, translator trainers, and researchers, addresses areas requiring further investigation and research, and evaluates the methodology of the project.
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Shih, Yi-Yi. "Translators' revision processes : global revision approaches and strategic revision behaviours". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432586.
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Hoefener, Carl E., e James Stone. "THE ADVANTAGES OF APPLYING GPS FREQUENCY TRANSLATORS TO RANGE TRACKING". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615741.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1985 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, NevadaWhen applying the Global Positioning System (GPS) to Time, Space, and Position Information (TSPI), the use of GPS frequency translators should be considered. The primary space positioning problem in the test and evaluation applications is trajectory reconstruction. Although this can be accomplished by flying a GPS receiver on the test vehicle and telemetering its position to the ground, there are significant advantages to translating the “L” band GPS signals to “S” band, and transmitting the broad band signal to the ground for processing. A translator-based system offers several advantages. Physical advantages include smaller size, lower weight, and lower cost. Technical advantages include: 1) ground station data aiding that provides a 6 dB advantage, 2) elimination of system bias errors, 3) computation complexity at the ground station vs. the vehicle under test, and 4) the ability to reconstruct a test scenario enabling flexibility in data analysis techniques.
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Gough, Joanna. "The patterns of interaction between professional translators and online resources". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/813254/.
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With the rapid growth of the Internet and the recent developments in translation technology, the way translators carry out their translation-oriented research has changed dramatically. Resources used by translators to conduct such research have diversified and largely moved from paper to online. However, whilst the number and the variety of online resources available to translators is growing exponentially, little is known about the interactions between translators and these resources. The present research empirically examines the use of online resources by professional translators during their translation-oriented research activities and it does so from an information behaviour perspective. As a first study of its kind, it focusses on freelance professional translators working at their normal place of work. Specifically, this work addresses the questions of the nature and quantity of resources used by translators as well as the time they spend on research activities. Furthermore, it examines the individual differences between the participants during the research activities. These differences are studied by considering the types of resources used and the ways they are accessed, and by investigating the many volume- and time-related aspects of each translator’s research activities. The main contribution of this study lies in the identification of patterns and their systematisation through a multidimensional analysis, culminating in the formulation of two taxonomies - the Resource Type User Taxonomy (RTUT) and Taxonomy of Translator Research Styles (TTRS). It is argued that whilst RTUT may largely depend on technology developments, TTRS reflects the more innate traits of translators’ information behaviour. By employing a two-stage, multi-method approach (Global Survey, N=540 and Main Study N=16), and by conducting it remotely, through the Internet, the present study represents a quasi-naturalistic research design which aims to observe translation processes as they happen in translators’ natural working environments. This methodology in itself constitutes a contribution to translation process studies.
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Zhu, Zhu. "Translators' communicative assumptions in subtitling Chinese feature films into English". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3317.
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Medium-bound features and translation strategies are two central issues in the study of subtitling. However, the translator, who reacts to the medium-bound features and opts for translation strategies, has remained outside the focus in research on subtitling. The scarcity of studies on the translator in the context of subtitling seems to suggest that the translator in this type of translation is simply viewed as a transparent vehicle. This study attempts to shed light on the translator’s discursive presence in subtitling by proposing the use of a new concept, the translator’s communicative assumptions. A bottom-up model, rooted in Descriptive Translation Studies, has been established to investigate the translator’s communicative assumptions. This model consists of a comparative phase followed by an analysis phase. The English subtitles of three Chinese feature films were examined using this model in order to reveal the translators’ communicative assumptions. In the comparative phase, the original dialogues and the subtitles are compared in order to identify and categorise micro-structural shifts in the subtitles. In the following analysis phase, Bordwell’s (1997) approach to filmic perception and cognition, Text World Theory and Relevance Theory are adapted and combined to provide a theoretical framework and analytical tools to further scrutinise patterns and tendencies observed at the comparative phase. The comparative-analysis model proves to be a useful tool to reveal translators’ communicative assumptions in subtitling. The findings show that although translation shifts take place at various levels, the translator makes linguistic adjustments to give priority to syuzhet (plot elements) related to his/her own established fabula (story). Consequently, syuzhet is made more explicit; film characters’ inner worlds and personality are enhanced; culture-specific and stylistic features of the original dialogue exchanges are generally diminished. Viewers seem to be regarded as cultural outsiders who have little knowledge of the Chinese culture in general and need additional assistance in the comprehension of certain syuzhet information.
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Mullamaa, Kristina. "Towards a dynamic role conception of liaison interpreters : an ethnographic study of self-descriptions of practising liaison interpreters in Estonia /". Tartu : Tartu University Press, 2006. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9949114209.
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Wilkendorf, Patricia Lynn. "Training manual in exegetical principles for mother-tongue translators with application to the translation of 1 Corinthians 9:1-18". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Chen, Sheng-jie. "Teaching and learning in a non-language-specific interpreter training course /". Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Achmed, Imran. "Upper body pose recognition and estimation towards the translation of South African sign language". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2493_1304504127.
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Recognising and estimating gestures is a fundamental aspect towards translating from a sign language to a spoken language. It is a challenging problem and at the same time, a growing phenomenon in Computer Vision. This thesis presents two approaches, an example-based and a learning-based approach, for performing integrated detection, segmentation and 3D estimation of the human upper body from a single camera view. It investigates whether an upper body pose can be estimated from a database of exemplars with labelled poses. It also investigates whether an upper body pose can be estimated using skin feature extraction, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and a 3D human body model. The example-based and learning-based approaches obtained success rates of 64% and 88%, respectively. An analysis of the two approaches have shown that, although the learning-based system generally performs better than the example-based system, both approaches are suitable to recognise and estimate upper body poses in a South African sign language recognition and translation system.
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Hoddinott, Simon Matthew. "Web mining for translators: automatic construction of comparable, genre-driven corpora". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10775/.
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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of the application WebBootCaT to create specialised corpora automatically, investigating the translation of articles of association from Italian into English. The first section reflects on the relevant literature and proposes the utility of corpora for translators. The second section discusses the methodology employed, and the third section analyses the results obtained and comments on how language professionals could possibly exploit the application to its full. The fourth section provides a few concrete usage examples of the thus built corpora, to then conclude that WebBootCaT is a genuinely powerful tool that could be implemented by professional translators in order to save time and improve their translations in the long term.
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Najjar, Omar Yousef M. J. "Discourse analysis models in the training of translators : an empirical approach". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2045.
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This study aims to show that insights from Critical Linguistics and discourse analytic tools can be used to build an integrated translator training curriculum. It shows how text analysis is empir~cally put to work in delivering model training for university level translator training. The research shows how the tools used for linguistic criticism can be implemented in evaluating translated work. The work falls into two parts: theoretical and practical, where the former is dedicated to show what the different theories in the discipline have achieved, and tries to demonstrate how they can be eclectically employed in translator training schemes. Meanwhile, the latter shows the implementation of as many as possible of those ideas, and evaluates them through students' work. The research argues that academically trained translators show measurable improveme~ts in performance.
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Blaustein, Jarrett. "Translators : negotiating the contours of glocal policing in Bosnia and Herzegovina". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7783.
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In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), a paradigmatic example of a transitional post-conflict society governed by an externally-driven process of neo-liberal state-building, police reforms have played an important role in supporting the transposition of a particular variant of liberal order through security governance at the national and sub-national levels. This order is primarily constructed to reflect the interests of BiH’s supranational architect and benefactor since 2003: the European Union. It is less responsive to the interests or the needs of BiH citizens or constitutionally established governing institutions (Chandler 1999). Historically, prescriptions for police reform in BiH have been defined by various representatives of the international community in BiH rather than domestic policy makers or practitioners. They have also been glocally-responsive in their design. In other words, they have been introduced to generate policy alignment and to support the harmonisation of local policing mentalities and practices with the EU’s security interests in the Western Balkans as well as dominant ‘European’ approaches to controlling crime (Juncos 2011; Ryan 2011). In practice, however, it is evident that the outputs and outcomes generated by police reforms in BiH regularly deviate from their initial design. This is particularly evident in relation to a handful of community policing initiatives introduced in BiH over the past decade (e.g. Deljkic and Lučić‐Ćatić 2011). Using a meso-level analysis of two community-oriented policing projects implemented in 2011, this research draws on the conceptual framework of ‘policy translation’ (Lendvai and Stubbs 2006) to illuminate the agentive capacities of international development workers and local police practitioners and their role in shaping the conceptual and programmatic contours of glocally-responsive policing reforms in BiH. My first case study examines the translational capacity of international development workers at a major multi-lateral international development agency in BiH using an ethnographic account of my three-month placement with the United Nations Development Programme’s (UNDP) ‘Safer Communities’ project in BiH in 2011. My second case study is used to illustrate the translational capacities of police practitioners working to implement an externally-initiated community policing project in Sarajevo Canton. Drawing from these case studies, I determine that the international political economy of global liberal governance and the interests of powerful global actors play only a limited role in affecting outputs and outcomes generated by internationally-driven police reforms. Rather, I argue that the concept of policy translation demonstrates that relatively disempowered actors like international development workers and local police practitioners can draw upon their agency and institutional resources to shape these policy making processes and in doing so, potentially contribute to more democratically responsive policing outputs and structures. My findings further suggest that important opportunities do exist for motivated reformers to foster deliberative forms of security governance in weak and structurally dependent societies like BiH and recognising and enhancing these can help to alleviate the potential consequences of introducing contextually or culturally inappropriate Western policing models to these societies. This is significant because it highlights the prospect of addressing the structural inequalities associated with global and transnational policing (Bowling and Sheptycki 2012), police reforms pursued in the context of liberal state-building projects (Ryan 2011) and donor-driven international police development assistance projects (Ellison and Pino 2012).
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Liu, Fung Ming. "A quantitative and qualitive inquiry into translators'visibility and job-related happiness: the case of greater China". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/37347.
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Abstract
This research employs a mixed-methods design combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches in order to carry out a thorough investigation into the relationship between the translator’s visibility and their job-related happiness. In the quantitative phase, analysis is based on 193 Chinese translators in the greater China region, which comprises Hong Kong, China, Taiwan and Macao. This study has found that, in our sample, visibility is rewarding in terms of social exchanges and learning experience, but not in terms of pay and prestige. Further, we have confirmed that the more visible translators are happier.
In the qualitative phase, three case studies explore the relationship between the translator’s visibility and their job-related happiness. We have found that visibility not only nurtures the translator but also benefits the client, since translators feel that they can better receive their clients’ feedback and that the translators are working in a way that their clients appreciate.
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Robinson, Maureen Louise. "Johannes Hispalensis and the manuscript tradition : the history surrounding the time of John of Seville and the spread of his work". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326885.
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Endl, Michael. "Redefining the role of Bible translators in view of an increasing involvement of the indigenous church". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Ip, Chi-yin. "Translating America : cultural interpretations in George Kao's Chinese translations of modern American literature = Qiao Zhigao Zhong yi xian dai Meiguo wen xue dui mei guo wen hua mian mao de quan shi /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24729930.
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Jensen, Erik. "English translators and their project in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28244.
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The subject of this study is the translation into English of French Protestant works on religion in the last three decades of the sixteenth century. The study focuses on the translators and the religious impulse underlying their translation work. This translation project represents one aspect of a large and varied translation industry at work in England in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries.
There are several reasons for this study's particular focus. First, religious works constitute the single largest category of works in translation. Second, the largest number of such translations appear in the late sixteenth century, and of these, French Protestant works predominate. Third, the unique nature of the translators' prefatory epistles (the dedicatory epistles and 'Prefaces to the Reader’) in this period allow for a close examination of the motivational drive behind such activity. These epistles are distinct from the more conventional prefatory epistles of the earlier sixteenth century and (to an even greater extent) those of the early seventeenth century. The prefatory epistles, therefore, constitute the primary source material for this study; the paper's methodolgy involves a close examination of these epistles.
The study shows that the translators share a common religious program. This program involves the "englishing" of foreign religious works in order to provide religious instruction for the common people. The paper explores both the translators' strong commitment to this project and their common concerns regarding the state of religion in England—concerns that are used by the translators as a justification for their translation work.
Finally, the paper places this activity in the broader context of late sixteenth century English Protestantism. One finds that the translators' project ties in with more recent scholarship emphasizing the pastoral concerns of English Protestants in this period.Arts, Faculty of
History, Department of
Graduate
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Mohammadi, Dehcheshmeh Maryam. "Machine Translation and Translation Memory Systems: An Ethnographic Study of Translators’ Satisfaction". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35869.
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The translator’s workplace (TW) has undergone radical changes since microcomputers were introduced on the market and, as a result, digitization increased enormously. Existing translation-related technologies, such as machine translation (MT), were enhanced and others, such as translation memory (TM) systems, were developed.
It is a noteworthy fact that implementing new translation-related technologies in the TW is done in various conditions according to specific goals that subsequently define new work conditions for translators. These new work conditions affect translators’ satisfaction with their job, and their satisfaction will influence career development and employee retention in the translation industry over the long term.
In the past two decades, Language Service Providers (LSPs) have started integrating MT into TM systems to benefit from MT suggestions when TM is not helpful. Neither TM nor MT is unfamiliar to the translation industry, but the combination, i.e. TM+MT, is fairly new. So far, there have been few studies on translators’ satisfaction with TM+MT. This study consists of an ethnographic research project on seven translators in a Canada-based company where TM+MT is used. Observations, semi-structured interviews, and in-house document analysis have been used as data collection methods.
The data obtained has been analyzed and discussed based on Rodríguez-Castro’s task satisfaction model (2011). This model addresses intrinsic and extrinsic sources of translators’ satisfaction with the activities they do in their job. Investigating the factors and variables of her model in the aforementioned company, I concluded that those sources of satisfaction cannot be considered separately from the job-context factors, such as the company’s policies in implementing TM+MT.
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Lo, Yun-Fang. "Translators' and target readers' reconstruction of regionalism in Taiwan's regional prose literature". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1457.
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The object of this research is to investigate the dynamic nature of identity construction of a regional place in English translations. The study focuses on the analysis of Wang Zhenhe’s works in translation. The Regional Prose Literature of Taiwan was developed when writers began to examine their identity and sense of belonging under Japanese colonization (1895-1945) and later the rule of the Nationalist government under Martial Law (1949-1987) by using narrative and descriptive prose as a vehicle for presenting the distinctiveness of the island. The dialects, the colonial language, local customs and scenes which regional writers created in their stories brought out what they saw as the uniqueness of Taiwan identity. However, Taiwan, like Hong Kong, has been categorized by many scholars as part of the Han-Chinese-influenced region, which shares the same cultural identity. Translating Taiwan, therefore, depends on how a translator understands and (re)constructs its cultural and political discourse in translation. This thesis uses a cognitive-pragmatic model (CPM) to describe how a translation of regional prose literature communicates to readers of the target culture. The CPM in translation studies looks at translation from the aspects of literary communication and the comprehension process. It enables the researcher (1) to study the textual signals of a place which readers used to construct the text of the source cultural world; (2) to examine how these signals were conveyed in the target text; (3) to study the likely effects on specific readers who have little or no knowledge of the source text culture. The major finding of this study is that communication through translated literature depends not only on the translator’s roles as a reader and a rewriter, but also on target readers’ processing effort and literary competence. Textual analysis shows that the translators’ decisions on conveying regional signals in translations often affect readers’ comprehension of the target text (TT). When the translation is too literal and the cultural signal is unfamiliar to the target readers, those who have little or no knowledge of Taiwan have more difficulties understanding the text. Reader response studies also show that the use of footnotes in the literary translation is not always unacceptable by the readers when specific regional elements are preserved in the TT. Target readers’ reception of cultural signals relies firstly on their existing knowledge and secondly on the information they receive from the translation. Effective communication therefore results from a translator’s assumption of target readers’ schemas and efforts in making the translation comprehensible and coherent, especially when there are regional elements in the translation.