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Dias Sousa, Márcia. "Translations of the French comedy Bienvenue chez les Ch’tis into Portuguese". Entreculturas. Revista de Traducción y Comunicación Intercultural, n.º 12 (27 de fevereiro de 2022): 156–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/entreculturasertci.vi12.13152.
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Audiovisual translation has been experiencing a growing complexification of its contours. The subtitling of the French comedy Bienvenue chez les Ch’tis into Portuguese is an interesting case study, for it shows the role of non-professional audiovisual translations and translators, as well as their impact over the (mis)understanding of the Other. We aim to contribute to such an acknowledgement through a doubly comparative analysis: (i) between two linguistic variants – the European Portuguese and the Brazilian Portuguese; and (ii) between professionally and non-professionally conducted translation practices. Most of all, we wish to realize whether the translational choices mirrored (or not) a cultural perspective over the Ch’tis community and whether the technical conditions influenced (or not) the translators’ work, mainly in terms of meaning conveyance.
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CARAPINHA, Conceição, Cornelia PLAG e Sara SOUSA. "Contributos para a descrição e tradução do marcador ainda por cima no português europeu contemporâneo". Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 68, n.º 4 (30 de dezembro de 2023): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2023.4.01.
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"Contributions for the description and translation of the discourse marker ainda por cima in contemporary European Portuguese. Based on a cognitive-functional framework, this paper analyses the different uses of the discourse marker ainda por cima in contemporary European Portuguese and, in a second step, its translation into Spanish, French, English, and German. This analysis is based on data collected in two corpora, CETEMPúblico, which allowed the identification of the functions of the marker in European Portuguese, and Europarl, for the listing of its translations. The research carried out in the source language reveals that the marker has an elaborative value, and more specifically an additive value, always associated with an element of unexpectedness, prefacing a new argument that reinforces the conclusion to be reached, which may (or may not) be the strongest argument in an argumentative scale. The contrastive analysis, in turn, shows the great variety of translational solutions adopted and a value not mentioned in any of the monolingual analyses: the counter-argumentative. The text concludes that (i) the different meanings of the marker in Portuguese are quite close and present themselves in a continuum, linked by family resemblances; (ii) there are important challenges in translating DM; (iii) the analysis of translations may require a reinterpretation of the DM in the source text. Keywords: ainda por cima; discourse markers; translation; translation strategies; contrastive analysis."
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Bochaver, Svetlana Yu, e Ekaterina V. Tereshko. "What is a ‘rare’ language in translation? The experience of distance reading". Slovo.ru: Baltic accent 14, n.º 3 (2023): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2023-3-8.
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This article examines the perception of ‘rare’ and ‘common’ languages through literary translations. The study is based on the materials from De Bezige Bij Publishing House in the Netherlands, comparing the periods of 2010—2013 and 2020—2023. A significant increase in the role of translators is reflected in the rise of translation share in the publishing house. There is an observed growth in the number of source languages for translation, with a decrease in the proportion of English. Translations from French, Italian, German, Scandinavian languages, Portuguese, and Japanese have emerged. A comparison with the Polyandria Russian Publishing House during the period of 2020—2023 reveals common and distinct source languages. Both publishers translate literature into Danish, Finnish, and French to a similar extent. The Russian publishing house represents Norwegian and Japanese to a greater extent, while the Dutch publishing house releases more translations from German, Swedish, Turkish, and Italian. The Russian publisher also includes Icelandic, Albanian, Korean, and Croatian, while the Dutch publisher includes Hebrew, Romanian, and Portuguese. Both publishers encompass a total of 20 source languages, which is a small number compared to the global linguistic diversity. Comparing the volumes of source languages also indicates differences in preferences. Central European languages are chosen in the Netherlands, while Norwegian and Icelandic are favored in Russia. These differences may be influenced by the cost of rights to works, editorial preferences, and translator availability. The analysis results indicate that neither typological similarity between the source language and the target language, nor association with a specific language group, influences the preference for translating books from a particular language. This highlights the importance of sociocultural factors.
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DeNipoti, Cláudio. "“The Vile Gallicisms, which Today Make Ugly Many Translations”: The Influence of the French Language on Iberian Translations from the Turn of the Eighteenth to the Nineteenth Century". Revista Brasileira de História 43, n.º 92 (abril de 2023): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93472023v43n92-07-i.
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ABSTRACT From the final decades of the Eighteenth century, in the speeches of Iberian literate elites, we can notice a systematic effort to diminish or avoid the influence of the French language on texts written in Portuguese and Spanish, originals or translations from French, particularly what is defined as “Gallicism”. Considering the enormous editorial volume of written, printed or translated books into French in the second half of the century, Iberian censors, translators, editors and commentators point to the presence of “French” words and constructions in the Portuguese and Castilian printed word. This study tries to see this issue in the light of the use of Gallicisms as part of the neologisms necessary to understand the advances in science and the arts in the Iberian Peninsula of the period.
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Boumann, K. "Terminologische Databank En Geautomatiseerde Informatie En Documentatie". Vertalen in theorie en praktijk 21 (1 de janeiro de 1985): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.21.16bou.
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This paper is essentially a progress report on - the European Community terminology data bank, known as Eurodicautom, - the machine translation projects Systran and Eurotra - access to Community, European and American data banks. Eurodicom is now a fully developed electronic dictionary, containing about 334.000 terminological units (single words, phrases and abbreviations) in English, 318.000 in French, 239.000 in German, 150.000 in Italian, 145.000 in Danish, 136.000 in Dutch, 64.000 in Spanish, 10.000 in Portuguese and 700 in Latin (5 November 1984). Translations are accompanied by descriptieve, linguistic and documentary information (viz. definition, context, source, originating office, author, subject code and reliability rating). Eurodicautom is also available to the public on-line (for details apply to Echo, Customer Service, 15 avenue de La Faïencerie, L-1510 Luxemburg, tel. 352-20764). At present Systran provides machine translations for the Language pairs English-French, French-English and English-Italian. English-German is being introduced and French-German will become available shortly. Consideration is being given to developing systems from either French or English into Greek, Danish or Dutch. (Report Ian M. Pigott, 29 May 1984). Rapid post-editing (emphasis on accuracy or full post-editing (thorough revision) is always required. Work on Eurotra, a machine translation system of advanced design, is now well under way (Preparatory phase, 2 years, is all but terminated). Unlike Systran (language pairs, one way) Eurotra will be set up to supply translations from any source language available in the system into a number of target languages. The first results are due by 1989, after a phase of basic and applied linguistic research (2 years) and a phase of stabilization of the linguistic models and evaluation of results (18 months). There is a brief outline of the objectives and the programme of work in Council Decision 82/752/EEC, Official Journal of the European Communities, 1982 No L 317, pp. 19-23. Translators can now be assisted by Information Officers to consult titles, abstracts and full articles in some 140 Community, European and American data systems.
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Teletin, Andreea, e Veronica Manole. "Formes nominales d’adresse au vocatif et l’expression des relations sociales en roumain, portugais et français". Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 65, n.º 4 (30 de outubro de 2020): 383–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2020.4.23.
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"Vocative Nominal Address Forms and the Expression of Social Relations in Romanian, Portuguese, and French. In this paper we analyze the vocative, the grammatical case that speakers use to encode the interlocutor in discourse, based on several criteria: symmetrical or asymmetrical social relations, close or distant relations, written vs spoken communication, regional usages, etc. Our socio-pragmatic analysis based on vocatives used in the novel Wasted Morning by Gabriela Adameșteanu and the Portuguese and French translations identifies the values of these linguistic means according to the relational dynamics among characters, their social status, the level of education, and gender. Keywords: vocative, nominal address forms, Romanian, Portuguese, French."
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Hörster, Maria António Hörster, e Cornelia Plag. "The first translation of Freud in Portugal". Translation Matters 3, n.º 1 (2021): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21844585/tm3_1a3.
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: The first translation of Freud published in Portugal appears to have been a version of the 1905 text Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie, which came out in November 1932 named Sexualidade.Published by the Ática Pressin a collection entitled Scientia Vitæ, the translator's name –Osório de Oliveira –was,surprisingly,displayed in a prominent position on the title page. A comparison between this translation, Freud's original and a French version by Blanche Reverchon, that had come out shortly before, shows that it was a case of indirect translation, which reproduced many of the characteristics of the intermediary version. Forexample, while Freud's original enables the reader to follow the thought processes behind his hypotheses and scientific conclusions, both of the translated texts are much less tentative. This paper explores the circumstances surrounding the production of this Portuguese translation at that moment, the translational options made, and the effect of both on the text's reception. Particular attention is given to the domain of lexis –creation of neologisms, terminological consistency and coherence –and modalization, and whether the terminological options caught on and were reproduced in subsequent translations and commentaries.
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Zavala-Rojas, Diana, Danielly Sorato, Lidun Hareide e Knut Hofland. "The Multilingual Corpus of Survey Questionnaires: A tool for refining survey translation". Meta 67, n.º 1 (7 de setembro de 2022): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1092191ar.
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This article describes the design and compilation of the Multilingual Corpus of Survey Questionnaires (MCSQ), the first publicly available corpus of international survey questionnaires. Version 3.0 (Rosalind Franklin) is compiled from questionnaires from the European Social Survey, the European Values Study, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, and the Wage Indicator Survey in the (British) English source language and their translations into eight languages (Catalan, Czech, French, German, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish and Russian). Documents in the corpus were translated with the objective of maximising data comparability across cultures. After contextualising aims and procedures in survey translation, this article presents examples of two types of problematic translation outcomes in survey questionnaires: The first type relates to the choice of idiomatic terms or fixed expressions in the source text. The second type relates to cases where the semantic variation of translation choices exceeds the scope allowed to maintain the psychometric properties across languages. With these examples, we aim to demonstrate how corpus linguistics can be used to analyse past translation outcomes and to improve the methodology for translating questionnaires.
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Kalewska, Anna. "António Feijó i Leopold Staff – poetyckie wizje Orientu na tle polsko-portugalskich relacji literackich i kulturalnych (od parnasizmu do palimpsestu)". Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 21 (23 de dezembro de 2021): 167–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811853.21.10.
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The article aims to discuss the Chinese culture inspirations in Polish and Portuguese modernist poetry. In the context of Polish-Portuguese literary relationships, late Romantic, Symbolic, Parnassianism-related and Oriental tendencies are presented in the works of a Portuguese poet Antón Feijó (1859–1917), with references to a selected aspect of Leopold Staff’s works (1878–1957). A historical-literary analysis is accompanied by literary and cultural comparative studies. Within the comparative method of presenting the Parnassian palimpsests, as 'The Chinese Lyric Book' ('Cancioneiro Chinês', 1890) by António Feijó and 'Chinese Flute' ('Fletnia chińska', 1922) by Leopold Staff are categorised, the thesis about the independent status of the works in question was built. Modernist visions of the Orient, understood to date a paraphrase or an adaptation of Chinese poetry read in translations from French, gain the status of original works. In view of blurring the differences between the European adaptations – Portuguese poem and Polish poetic prose, based on Oriental motifs drawn from two different French sources (translations): Judith Gautier’s and Franz Touissant’s works – and the Chinese original, the methodological approach to the text as to a palimpsest is justified. Feijó’s “Chinese Poetry” and Oriental poetic landscapes in Staff’s prose are therefore independent literary works, analysed in parallel, as mirror reflections of the fascination with the Orient’s culture. The literary works in question fully deserve the title of cultural texts, the recipient of which will be a Polish reader, a lover of poetry inspired by French Parnassianism.
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Nord, Christiane. "Proper Names in Translations for Children". Meta 48, n.º 1-2 (24 de setembro de 2003): 182–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006966ar.
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Abstract Drawing on a corpus of eight translations of Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland into five languages (German, French, Spanish, Brazilian Portuguese, Italian), the paper discusses the forms and functions of proper names in children’s books and some aspects of their translation. In Alice in Wonderland, we find three basic types of proper names: names explicitly referring to the real world of author and original addressees (e.g., Alice, her cat Dinah, historical figures like William the Conqueror), names implicitly referring to the real world of author and original addressees (e.g., Elsie, Lacie and Tillie, referring to the three Liddell sisters Lorina Charlotte, Alice and Edith Mathilda), and names referring to fictitious characters. An important function of proper names in fiction is to indicate in which culture the plot is set. It will be shown that the eight translators use various strategies to deal with proper names and that these strategies entail different communicative effects for the respective audiences.
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Byrne, Aisling. "From Hólar to Lisbon: Middle English Literature in Medieval Translation, c.1286–c.1550". Review of English Studies 71, n.º 300 (9 de setembro de 2019): 433–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgz085.
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Abstract This paper offers the first survey of evidence for the translation of Middle English literature beyond the English-speaking world in the medieval period. It identifies and discusses translations in five vernaculars: Welsh, Irish, Old Norse-Icelandic, Dutch, and Portuguese. The paper examines the contexts in which such translation took place and considers the role played by colonial, dynastic, trading, and ecclesiastical networks in the transmission of these works. It argues that English is in the curious position of being a vernacular with a reasonable international reach in translation, but often with relatively low literary and cultural prestige. It is evident that most texts translated from English in this period are works which themselves are based on sources in other languages, and it seems probable that English-language texts are often convenient intermediaries for courtly or devotional works more usually transmitted in French or Latin.
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Ayoola, Gabriel. "On Wale Ogunyemi’s Translation of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart into Yoruba, Ìgbésí Ayé Okonkwo: A ‘within-to-within’ Approach of its Challenges". Yoruba Studies Review 4, n.º 1 (21 de dezembro de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v4i1.130036.
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This essay examines the proverbs, and other wise-sayings as used in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart vis-à-vis the Ogunyemi’s Yoruba translations of the novel, Ìgbésí Ayé Okonkwo. The within-to-within approach is the lens through which the text and its Yoruba translation are explored. The approach establishes some level of similarities in the cultures and nuances of both languages (Igbo and Yoruba) due to their mutual intelligibility. The work encourages more translation of African novels written originally in English, French, or Portuguese into African languages. Doing so preserves the languages and cultures, the sustainability which Akinwumi Isola (2010) refers to as Literary Ecosystem. That is a way of giving back to the society from which the author got inspired. Further, there exists the idea of language retrieval, a process of translation which Isola viewed goes into translation when the novels involved are lexico-semantical and culturally close to each other.
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Degler, Janusz. "Witkacy around the World". Tekstualia 1, n.º 2 (2 de janeiro de 2014): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5944.
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Fifty years have passed since the publication of the first translations of Witkiewicz. Today, the number of translations and the languages in which his work functions is more than impressive. Plays, novels, theoretical dissertations, and philosophical treatises have been translated into 25 languages: English, Arabic, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, Greek, Spanish, Dutch, Japanese, German, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian, Hungarian and Italian. There have been over three hundred productions in twenty-six countries and sixteen exhibitions of paintings, portraits and photographs have been organized in ten countries. There are several factors that have turned out to be decisive for Witkiewicz’s international fame.
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Bolaños Cuéllar, Sergio. ""Translation Norms in Gabriel García Márquez’s Cien años de soledad Translations into English, German, French, Portuguese, and Russian"". Folios 1, n.º 31 (2 de fevereiro de 2010): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17227/01234870.31folios133.147.
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Vieira. "Translations: Utopia's Afterlives—Brazilian Portuguese, French, Greek, Hungarian, Mandarin, Polish". Utopian Studies 27, n.º 2 (2016): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/utopianstudies.27.2.0268.
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Gupta, Prabhakar, e Mayank Sharma. "Unsupervised Translation Quality Estimation for Digital Entertainment Content Subtitles". International Journal of Semantic Computing 14, n.º 01 (março de 2020): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x20500026.
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We demonstrate the potential for using aligned bilingual word embeddings in developing an unsupervised method to evaluate machine translations without a need for parallel translation corpus or reference corpus. We explain different aspects of digital entertainment content subtitles. We share our experimental results for four languages pairs English to French, German, Portuguese, Spanish, and present findings on the shortcomings of Neural Machine Translation for subtitles. We propose several improvements over the system designed by Gupta et al. [P. Gupta, S. Shekhawat and K. Kumar, Unsupervised quality estimation without reference corpus for subtitle machine translation using word embeddings, IEEE 13th Int. Conf. Semantic Computing, 2019, pp. 32–38.] by incorporating custom embedding model curated to subtitles, compound word splits and punctuation inclusion. We show a massive run time improvement of the order of [Formula: see text] by considering three types of edits, removing Proximity Intensity Index (PII) and changing post-edit score calculation from their system.
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Bocorny, Maria José, Aline Evers, Cybele Margareth De Oliveira e Maria Cristina Alencar Silva. "From terminologies to recurrent constructions: a study of specialized languages". Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 15, n.º 2 (10 de setembro de 2010): 223–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.6964.
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Objective: To report researches carried out by the TEXTQUIM/TEXTECC project between 2002 and 2010 about Brazilian Portuguese scientific discourse in Chemistry and Pediatrics. Methodology: By using Corpus Linguistics, we observed: a) causality expressed by verbs and connectors; b) patterns of collocation with recurrent terminologies. As translations from English into Portuguese are common, we contrasted original texts and compared data with French texts. Results: The findings show higher frequency of causal connectors than causal verbs, low frequency of PORQUE and CAUSAR, recurrent associations around typical terminologies in Brazilian texts and influence of translations from English in the causal patterns observed in the Portuguese texts. Publications were produced, as well as presentations and free on-line tools for public access of our corpora. These resources are available at www.ufrgs.br/textquim.
Received: 22-01-10 / Accepted: 09-04-10
How to reference this article:
Bocorny Finatto, M. J.; Evers, A.; De Oliveira, C. M. & Alencar Silva, M. C. (2010). From terminologies to recurrent constructions: a study of specialized languages. Íkala, 15(2), pp.223-258.
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Goodrich, Jaime. "Translation and Genettean Hypertextuality: Catherine Magdalen Evelyn, Catherine of Bologna, and English Franciscan Textual Production, 1618–40". Renaissance and Reformation 43, n.º 2 (28 de setembro de 2020): 235–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v43i2.34798.
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Drawing on the ideas of Gérard Genette, this article argues for the value of reading translations as “hypertexts,” or as works grafted onto earlier texts (“hypotexts”), on the basis of the intriguing case study of The Admirable Life of the Holy Virgin S. Catharine of Bologna (1621), translated by Catherine Magdalen Evelyn of the Gravelines Poor Clares. Little-known today despite Evelyn’s importance as the most prolific female translator of the early Stuart period, this publication sublimates the voice of the translator through its laconic paratextual materials and its misattribution of Evelyn’s work to another nun. In spite of this carefully engineered authorial opacity, the stakes of Evelyn’s translation become clearer when it is read as part of a hypertextual system of Franciscan writings published in English, French, Italian, and Portuguese over the course of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. An analysis of how her text is grafted onto this series of hypotexts through bibliography, intertextuality, and translation results in a detailed, albeit speculative, account of Evelyn’s motivations for reading, translating, and publishing The Admirable Life. This seemingly modest publication is thus revealed as a rich hypertext that participated in a wider European project to chronicle the history of the Franciscan order. A concluding discussion of hypertextuality in early modern England briefly gestures more broadly toward the relevance of this method for studies of Renaissance literature.
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Hodgson, Amanda, Daniele Masterson, T. P. Ferreira, Josué Laguardia, Cicera Henrique da Silva, Martha Silvia Martinez Silveira, Jessie McGowan e Danielle Rabb. "OP172 International Collaboration For Translating The Peer Review Of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) Checklist: A Harmonized Approach". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 39, S1 (dezembro de 2023): S50—S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462323001630.
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IntroductionThe PRESS guideline and checklist provides a set of recommendations concerning the information that should be used by librarians and other information specialists when they are asked to evaluate electronic search strategies. CADTH and PRESS authors were approached for permission to translate this checklist into various languages.MethodsThe team from Fundação Oswaldo Cruz and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro asked CADTH for permission to translate the PRESS guideline and checklist for their research work. They translated PRESS following the steps advocated by the scientific literature on the translation of standardized questionnaires.ResultsCADTH is now sharing and actively disseminating the PRESS translations in French and Portuguese (and a forthcoming version in Spanish) via the Finding the Evidence website and through related presentation activities.ConclusionsThe coordinated translation of key health technology assessment (HTA) tools provides an avenue for international uptake and improvement of best practice in information retrieval, which is a foundational feature of HTA work. With the absence of formal translation guidelines on the translation of protocols such as PRESS, CADTH would benefit from developing guidance for HTA teams requesting to translate our tools. CADTH is currently conducting research on the uptake and use of PRESS, which will inform future knowledge mobilization strategies such as translation standards and communications.
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Alvstad, Cecilia, e Mikela Lundahl. "Den mörke brodern". Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 40, n.º 2 (1 de janeiro de 2010): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v40i2.11962.
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The Dark Brother. Swedish Negrophilia in 1957
This article sheds new light on the Swedish introduction of poetry written in French, Spanish and Portuguese by black authors and/or on »black« topics. More specifically, the article discusses Artur Lundkvist’s anthology Den mörke brodern (‘The darker brother’), published in 1957. It analyzes the title, foreword, selection and translations included in the anthology and relates these to international models of the time and to a Swedish essay on poetry written by black authors published in 1960. Lundkvist’s approach is found to be more negrophile and exotizising than the international models and the Swedish essay.
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De Swart, Henriette, Cristina Grisot, Bert Le Bruyn e Teresa M. Xiques. "Perfect variations in Romance". Isogloss. Open Journal of Romance Linguistics 8, n.º 5 (14 de novembro de 2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/isogloss.213.
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The morpho-syntactic configuration auxiliary (have or be) + past participle known as the have-perfect functions as a tense-aspect category in many Western European languages. Synchronic variation within Romance nicely illustrates the developmental pattern described as the aoristic drift, whereby the perfect develops over time into a perfective past with full-fledged past meanings. A parallel corpus study of L’Étranger by Albert Camus (1942) and its translations using the Translation Mining methodology provides empirical data supporting the view that modern French, Romanian and Italian make a more liberal use of the perfect, whereas the perfect distribution in Spanish is closer to (but not identical to) English. Catalan occupies an intermediate position and Portuguese has the most restricted perfect among the Romance languages. We argue that this variation is best captured by a perfect scale, without a clear cut-off point between perfect and perfective past meaning. The meaning ingredients that govern the distribution of the have-perfect across Romance languages emerge from the parallel corpus. They include lexical, compositional and discourse semantics, and range from sensitivity to aspectual class, pluractionality, hodiernal and pre-hodiernal past time reference to narration.
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Kaakinen, Johanna K., Egon Werlen, Yvonne Kammerer, Cengiz Acartürk, Xavier Aparicio, Thierry Baccino, Ugo Ballenghein et al. "IDEST: International Database of Emotional Short Texts". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 10 (7 de outubro de 2022): e0274480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274480.
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We introduce a database (IDEST) of 250 short stories rated for valence, arousal, and comprehensibility in two languages. The texts, with a narrative structure telling a story in the first person and controlled for length, were originally written in six different languages (Finnish, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish, and Turkish), and rated for arousal, valence, and comprehensibility in the original language. The stories were translated into English, and the same ratings for the English translations were collected via an internet survey tool (N = 573). In addition to the rating data, we also report readability indexes for the original and English texts. The texts have been categorized into different story types based on their emotional arc. The texts score high on comprehensibility and represent a wide range of emotional valence and arousal levels. The comparative analysis of the ratings of the original texts and English translations showed that valence ratings were very similar across languages, whereas correlations between the two pairs of language versions for arousal and comprehensibility were modest. Comprehensibility ratings correlated with only some of the readability indexes. The database is published in osf.io/9tga3, and it is freely available for academic research.
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Faria, Dominique. "Representing alterity in a post-colonial context: Lídia Jorge’s A costa dos murmúrios and its english and french translations". Cadernos de Tradução 37, n.º 1 (9 de janeiro de 2017): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2017v37n1p46.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2017v37n1p46O presente artigo analisa duas traduções de A costa dos murmúrios (1988) de Lídia Jorge, uma publicada em França (1989) e outra nos Estados Unidos da América (1995). Traduzido de uma língua periférica para línguas centrais e sistemas culturais dominantes, o romance sobre a guerra colonial portuguesa em África teve receções contrastantes naqueles países, as quais revelam diferentes abordagens à tradução. Este estudo visa identificar os principais agentes e fatores externos envolvidos no processo de tradução, assim como determinar o papel que questões como mecenato, tradição nacional de tradução e história nacional de ambas as culturas recetoras desempenham nesse processo. Com base nesta discussão, refletir-se-á então sobre o modo como o povo colonizado e a sua cultura são representados no romance, de forma a verificar se existe ou não uma tendência, ao traduzir, para substituir referências estranhas à cultura ocidental por formas de representação mais generalizadas.
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Müllier, Cristina. "Le mélancolique et la réflexion sur l’esprit chez Huarte de San Juan. Tempérament et facultés de l’âme dans le galénisme de la Renaissance espagnole". Gesnerus 59, n.º 3-4 (3 de dezembro de 2002): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0590304004.
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Huarte de San Juan’s Examen de ingenios (Examination of men’s wits') of 1575 is one of tire most significant Spanish contributions to Renaissance thought. The treatise reached an enormous popularity in Europe during the 16th and the 17th century as demonstrated by numerous translations in Italian, French, Portuguese, English, German or Dutch. However, it is barely known in modern times. Huarte’s doctrine illustrates the Renaissance attempt to restore the purity of ancient medicine, while proposing a “scientific” basis for the project of a systematic professional orientation. By means of the ancient theory of humours and that of the philosophical reflection on the genius, Huarte articulates a new pattern for the intellectual ability, seen as highly individual, but also deeply rooted in the biological nature of the human being.The intellectual fecundity is explained by recourse to humoural physiology with a special focus on the traditional image of the melancholic temperament, redefined in the spirit of the pre-modern anthropology of the variety.
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Girju, Roxana. "The Syntax and Semantics of Prepositions in the Task of Automatic Interpretation of Nominal Phrases and Compounds: A Cross-Linguistic Study". Computational Linguistics 35, n.º 2 (junho de 2009): 185–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli.06-77-prep13.
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In this article we explore the syntactic and semantic properties of prepositions in the context of the semantic interpretation of nominal phrases and compounds. We investigate the problem based on cross-linguistic evidence from a set of six languages: English, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese, and Romanian. The focus on English and Romance languages is well motivated. Most of the time, English nominal phrases and compounds translate into constructions of the form N P N in Romance languages, where the P (preposition) may vary in ways that correlate with the semantics. Thus, we present empirical observations on the distribution of nominal phrases and compounds and the distribution of their meanings on two different corpora, based on two state-of-the-art classification tag sets: Lauer's set of eight prepositions and our list of 22 semantic relations. A mapping between the two tag sets is also provided. Furthermore, given a training set of English nominal phrases and compounds along with their translations in the five Romance languages, our algorithm automatically learns classification rules and applies them to unseen test instances for semantic interpretation. Experimental results are compared against two state-of-the-art models reported in the literature.
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Can, Nazir Ahmed, e Issaka Maïnassara Bano. "Brazil—A New Republic of African Letters?" Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry 10, n.º 2 (abril de 2023): 217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pli.2023.7.
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AbstractToday, it is not the former colonial metropolis (Portugal), but a former colony (Brazil) that has become the main legitimizing center of African literature in the Portuguese language. It is also in Brazil that the largest number of studies on African literature written in other languages is produced. To illustrate this state of affairs, we begin by demonstrating how the work of Alain Mabanckou has penetrated the literary market and the Brazilian academy. After contextualizing the historical institutional dependence that characterizes French-speaking African literature in relation to the “center” (Paris) and situating Mabanckou in this dynamic, we look at how his work arrived in Brazil, the growing interest that it has awakened, and the type of studies conducted there. In the last part of the article, we show that Mabanckou is not an isolated phenomenon and is part of a historical process that began more than fifty years ago: due to the flow of translations and academic studies on works from different linguistic contexts, Brazil helps to unsettle the linguistic self-centeredness that characterizes African literary studies and reduces distances between “center” and “periphery” that guide the world literary game.
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Bacquelaine, Françoise. "Traduction d’unités polylexicales du portugais en français par MT@EC et eTranslation". Traduction et Langues 21, n.º 1 (31 de agosto de 2022): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v21i1.871.
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Translation of Multi-Word Units from Portuguese into French by MT@EC and eTranslation
This paper aims to determine the extent to which the shift from statistical machine translation (SMT) to neural machine translation (NMT) improved the performance of European Union machine translation systems between 2015 and 2021 in terms of multi-word unit translation and domain coverage. To do so, we chose to test these systems on machine translation into French of multi-word units expressing quantitative and qualitative progression in Portuguese from Portugal. These units consist of the 2-gram ‘cada vez’ and a comparative adjective or adverb (cada vez COMP), and their word-for-word translation into French is not idiomatic (*chaque fois COMP). The most frequent translation into French is ‘de COMP en COMP’. This implies that these multi-word units must be translated ‘en bloc’, but their identification is not straightforward. On the one hand, COMP is not fixed and may include one (mais / plus, menos / moins, maior / plus grand, menor / plus petit, melhor / meilleur – mieux, pior / pire – plus mal) or several words (mais or menos N, ADJ, ADV). On the other hand, the 2-gram ‘cada vez’ can be part of other multi-word units expressing iteration (de cada vez (que)/(à) chaque fois (que)), or ‘dropper’ ([a certain quantity] de cada vez/ à la fois), This raises the challenge of ambiguity, well known to biotranslators and still often problematic for NMT. Moreover, units expressing quantitative or qualitative progression may raise other translation challenges when they are coordinate (with or without repetition of the 2-gram ‘cada vez’), when they are split (cada vez (…) COMP), or when they combine with verbs or nouns to form extended translation units whose translation into French can result in a more concise solution we refer to as ‘lexicalisation’. We established a biotranslation model based on a manually aligned French-Portuguese parallel literary corpus and online searchable French-Portuguese aligned corpora (translation memories). We selected a sample of occurrences of these multi-word units including several translation challenges. These occurrences were selected from a Portuguese journalistic corpus. They belong therefore to general language, whereas the EU's translation memories cover the domains dealt with by its institutions, which represents an additional challenge, considering the critical importance of domain coverage in the data to NMT performance quality. The selected occurrences were translated into French by the EU SMT system in 2015 (MT@EC) and 2019 (eTranslation Legacy) and by eTranslation (the EU NMT system) in 2019 and 2021. Firstly, MT output was analysed according to two general criteria: ‘non- literality’, that is translation into French without ‘chaque’, and acceptability from a semantic point of view, that is MT output without any false meaning, opposite meaning or nonsense. Then we looked at specific challenges, some of which could lead to original solutions, worthy of a professional human translator, such as lexicalisation, change of grammatical category or ‘recategorisation’ and ‘naturalisation’, that is phraseological or syntactic rearrangement that makes the target text more idiomatic. The results show that MT is improving, especially according to the criterion of non-literality. Original solutions are still rare, but they are diversifying in NMT output. Nevertheless, NMT remains imperfect, not least because of the inherent ambiguity of natural languages and the inevitable gaps in the data on which these systems are based. The results also demonstrate the importance of human intervention in the maintenance of the systems learning automatically, since the quality of SMT system’s output decreases between 2015 and 2019, when all efforts were focused on improving EU NMT system. Finally, results reveal the dangers of using English as a pivot language when translating from one Romance language into another, and the need to train future translators in NMT and post-editing.
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De Nicolo, Arcangela, Diana M. Eccles, Sarah Louise Ariansen, Michela Biancolella, Miguel de la Hoya, Orland Diez, Hans Ehrencrona et al. "Abstract P6-02-15: Don’t get lost in translation: Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) recommendations for reporting germline cancer susceptibility gene variants in 19 languages – breast cancer as a model". Cancer Research 83, n.º 5_Supplement (1 de março de 2023): P6–02–15—P6–02–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p6-02-15.
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Abstract Genetic testing for cancer susceptibility is a cornerstone of precision cancer prevention and care. Major communication hurdles remain for the differently specialized professionals involved in the identification, counselling, and clinical management of at-risk individuals. This may be ascribed to gaps in the genetic/genomic literacy of health care providers and to an ambiguous lexicon used for variant description. The Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) international consortium endorses controlled terminology and a framework for interpretation and reporting of germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes (PMID: 30962250). However, for most ENIGMA affiliates a language other than English is used for written and verbal communication of genetic test results, potentially confounding local application of the published framework. The ENIGMA Clinical Working Group thus launched a Vocabulary Translation Project (VTP) to translate the ENIGMA recommendations into the various languages spoken by the membership. The VTP involved 65 ENIGMA members from 22 countries organized into 19 language-specific teams, covering Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish (Castilian), Swedish, and Tagalog. Excerpts from the original publication were selected for translation based on a majority consensus and included a glossary of terms and recommendations for interpreting and reporting germline sequence variants in (breast) cancer susceptibility genes. Using a two-step process, each team conducted the relevant translation followed by independent back-translation to English. The VTP proved useful to reappraise the reference text. It disclosed transnational issues, which prompted revision of the original source to emphasize that risk estimates and actionability were based on breast cancer as an exemplar. It also highlighted country-specific differences with regards to breast cancer risk assessment (e.g. different absolute/relative breast cancer risk cut points) and management. As a secondary outcome, via electronic survey of the participating teams we documented the perceived high value of the translation effort and its expected positive impact on more consistent clinical management of carrier individuals. The identified target audience encompasses medical geneticists, physicians of other specialties participating in multidisciplinary teams, genetic counselors, primary care physicians, as well as non-health care professionals, e.g. journalists and science communicators. The outreach program includes dissemination of the translations via local, regional, and especially national networks and their use for education and training purposes. Because French, Portuguese, and Spanish are widely used as official, co-official, or secondary languages, the reach of the VTP potentially extends to a greater number of countries and territories, mostly in Central and South America, Caribbean, and Africa. By moving a step forward towards terminological coherence across disciplines and borders, we will facilitate more precise delivery and clinical application of genetic test results for breast cancer predisposition. Our translated recommendations will improve interdisciplinary cross-talk and carriers’ awareness of the risks and implications associated with their status, contributing to more informed decision-making. We used breast cancer as a blueprint. Application of the model to other cancer types will require calibration on the cancer-specific absolute and relative risks. Citation Format: Arcangela De Nicolo, Diana M. Eccles, Sarah Louise Ariansen, Michela Biancolella, Miguel de la Hoya, Orland Diez, Hans Ehrencrona, Florentia Fostira, Tiara Hassan, Issei Imoto, Artur Kowalik, Fabienne Lesueur, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Heli Nevanlinna, Joanne Ngeow, Edenir I. Palmero, Inge Søkilde Pedersen, Frances Que, Jana Soukupová, Yen Tan, Ana Vega, Amanda B. Spurdle, Paolo Radice. Don’t get lost in translation: Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) recommendations for reporting germline cancer susceptibility gene variants in 19 languages – breast cancer as a model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-02-15.
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Capanna, Francesca. "INTEGRATION OF BRANDI’S THEORY IN THE CONTEXT OF EASTERN RELIGIONS AND CULTURES". Protection of Cultural Heritage, n.º 8 (20 de dezembro de 2019): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/odk.1028.
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The Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro (ISCR) has always been involved in the diffusion of Cesare Brandi’s restoration theory and practice in the international panorama.Since 1950 Brandi’s theory has spread through model interventions, scientific advice and the tutoring of international students. Those factors lead also to an increase of trust and esteem towards the ISCR.In the 21st century, the ISCR started to be involved in the establishment of new conservation schools by foreign countries. Moreover, it promoted translations of the “Teoria del Restauro” (theory of conservation) book in English, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Greek, Serbian, Russian, Chinese, Japanese and Polish. This permitted a deepened understanding and integration in the local culture of Brandi’s theory, rather than the direct execution of the fifties.For those reasons, today the Italian conservator-restorers face the new opportunity and growing perspective: looking at Brandi’s theory in direct contact with the cultural context in which is being applied, through the dialogue with local, highly trained professionals.The importance of this dialogue has become particularly evident during collaborations with eastern countries, with a particular interest in which part of the theory can merge and which will diverge with the religious and cultural principles. Especially, the experience of the ISCR in Ajanta in India (2004-2018) and Kathmandu in Nepal (after the 2013 earthquake) will be discussed.
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Iniutina, Liudmila Alexandrovna, e Tatiana Sergeevna Shilnikova. "Teaching russian as a foreign language in the modern educational paradigm: training dictionaries". SHS Web of Conferences 97 (2021): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219701012.
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The work is devoted to the problem of intensification of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the process of formation and development of the lexical competence of students. The role of educational dictionaries of various types is emphasized. The Experimental Electronic Multilingual Dictionary of Military Terms is presented. It is based on ABBYY Lingvo software for teaching Russian to foreign students of military universities. His vocabulary includes a special vocabulary describing various segments of military activity (weapons, equipment, commands, military life, etc.). For each word there are translations into European languages (boi - English batttle, combat; French combat (m); Portuguese combate) and Asian languages (Laos ; Arabic ; Pashto ). The potential of an electronic multilingual dictionary in the implementation of multicultural and professionally oriented teaching of Russian as a foreign language in a non-linguistic university is identified. The role of the electronic translated multilingual thesaurus in the formation of speech professional competence, which ensures the removal of language barriers in the study of military-technical sciences by foreigners, is determined. The universality of the dictionary is characterized. It was created taking into account those national languages whose speakers receive special education in Russian military universities, and provides opportunities for the redistribution of classroom and independent work of students. Its effectiveness has been proven as a tool for modern interactive, multilingual and multicultural education.
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Ranchhod, Elisabete. "Problèmes de traduction automatique des constructions à verbes supports". Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 23, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2000): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.23.2.05ran.
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Summary The constructions with support verbs raise specific problems in Machine Translation. Within the scope of this note, we first characterise, from a linguistic point of view, the sentences with support verbs. That characterisation will be illustrated by examples from French and Portuguese. The difficulties in the automatic translation of support verbs constructions will be illustrated with examples from Portuguese, taken as source language, and French, taken as target language.
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Niles, Glenda. "Translation of Creole in Caribbean English literature". Translating Creolization 2, n.º 2 (23 de dezembro de 2016): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.2.2.03nil.
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This paper explores the use of Creoles in Caribbean English Literature and how it tends to be translated into Spanish by analyzing the Spanish translations of two novels written by Caribbean author, Oonya Kempadoo. Kempadoo is a relatively new and unknown author. She was born in England to Guyanese parents and grew up in the Caribbean. She lived in several of the islands, including St. Lucia and Trinidad and at present resides in Grenada. Apart from being a novelist, she is a freelance researcher and consultant in the arts, and works with youth and international organizations, where she focuses on social development. Her first novel, Buxton Spice, was published in 1998. Described as a semi-autobiography by Publisher’s Weekly, it has also been praised for being original and universal in the portrayal of its themes. It is the story of a young girl growing up in Guyana during the Burnham regime. It is written as a series of vignettes, which contributes to the seemingly quick development of Lula from childhood to adolescence, as she learns to explore her sexuality. This novel has been published in the United Kingdom and the United States, and has been translated into Spanish, French, Italian, Dutch, Portuguese and Hebrew. The version used for this investigation was translated by Victor Pozanco and commissioned by Tusquets Publishers. Kempadoo’s second novel, Tide Running, also forms part of this investigation. As the 2002 winner of the Casa de las Américas Literary prize for Caribbean English and Creole, this novel was translated into Spanish by a Cuban translator as a part of the award. It is the story of an unambitious Tobagonian youth who becomes entangled in a bizarre relationship with an interracial couple. The story highlights several issues, such as poverty, race and social class differences, sex and right and wrong. As a researcher, I felt that it would be enlightening to see how a Caribbean translator, from a country (Cuba) with limited access to mass cultural currents commonplace elsewhere, handles this piece of prose which is so heavily steeped in Trinbagonian culture.
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Jefferson, Ann. "Collected French Translations: Prose / Collected French Translations: Poetry". Common Knowledge 23, n.º 2 (abril de 2017): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0961754x-3816026.
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Loguercio, Sandra Dias, Mauren Thiemy Ito Cereser e Cleci Regina Bevilacqua. "Uma proposta de objeto de aprendizagem para futuros tradutores: a modalização em resumos científicos em português, espanhol e francês / A proposal of a learning object for translators-to-be: the modalization in scientific abstracts in Portuguese, Spanish and French". Texto Livre: Linguagem e Tecnologia 11, n.º 1 (30 de junho de 2018): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1983-3652.11.1.43-59.
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RESUMO: O objeto de aprendizagem (OA) proposto aqui parte de uma investigação acerca da linguagem empregada em resumos científicos, mais especificamente da análise dos modalizadores em português, espanhol e francês. Apesar de ser considerado um gênero objetivo e mesmo “universal”, o resumo que antecede trabalhos acadêmicos é construído argumentativa e culturalmente, e a modalização, marcada nas línguas, integra essa construção, sendo de interesse, portanto, para a caracterização do gênero discursivo estudado com finalidades tradutórias e/ou pedagógicas. Neste trabalho, analisaram-se resumos da área de Linguística a partir de corpora comparáveis compostos por 100 resumos em cada uma das línguas. A análise se dividiu em três etapas: a) estudo da macroestrutura textual para familiarização com a retórica dos textos; b) análise dos corpora com o auxílio de ferramenta de extração de informação linguística; c) análise e contraste dos modalizadores mais frequentes nas línguas abordadas. Com base nas análises, foram desenvolvidas atividades didáticas a serem disponibilizadas on-line para a sensibilização do usuário tanto ao que é típico ao gênero resumo quanto às particularidades de expressão em cada língua. Espera-se que esse OA possa contribuir para a formação de tradutores, que poderão adquirir maior consciência das estratégias argumentativas utilizadas em resumos científicos, bem como desenvolver, a partir de suas próprias investigações acerca da linguagem científica, maior autonomia em suas atividades tradutórias e melhoria de suas traduções.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: resumos científicos; modalização; objeto de aprendizagem; tradução. ABSTRACT: The learning object (LO) proposed in this study is based on a research about the language used in scientific abstracts, more specifically on the analysis of modalizers in English, Spanish and French. Although being considered an objective and even universal genre, the abstract that precedes academic papers is argument-culture based and the modalization observed in the language it is written in is part of this process. Thus, modalization is important for the characterization of that discursive genre, which is analyzed through translation and/or pedagogical purposes. In this study, abstracts regarding Linguistics were analyzed based on comparable corpora composed of 100 abstracts in each of the languages above mentioned. The analysis was divided into three stages: (a) study of textual macrostructure in order to learn the texts rhetoric; (b) analysis of corpora through an extraction tool of linguistic information; (c) analysis and contrast of the most used modalizers in the languages studied. Based on these analyses, educational activities were developed aiming at making them available online in order to raise the users’ awareness of what is typical of abstracts as well as their expression particularities in each language. It is expected that this LO can contribute to translators’ academic qualification, who will be able to have a wider awareness of the argumentative strategies used in scientific abstracts, as well as to develop a greater autonomy in their translation activities and to improve their translations, based on their own investigations about the scientific language.KEYWORDS: scientific abstracts; modalization; learning object; translation.
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Phillips, Helen. "Chaucer’s French Translations." Nottingham Medieval Studies 37 (janeiro de 1993): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.nms.3.217.
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Kapočiūtė-Dzikienė, Jurgita, Askars Salimbajevs e Raivis Skadiņš. "Monolingual and Cross-Lingual Intent Detection without Training Data in Target Languages". Electronics 10, n.º 12 (11 de junho de 2021): 1412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10121412.
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Due to recent DNN advancements, many NLP problems can be effectively solved using transformer-based models and supervised data. Unfortunately, such data is not available in some languages. This research is based on assumptions that (1) training data can be obtained by the machine translating it from another language; (2) there are cross-lingual solutions that work without the training data in the target language. Consequently, in this research, we use the English dataset and solve the intent detection problem for five target languages (German, French, Lithuanian, Latvian, and Portuguese). When seeking the most accurate solutions, we investigate BERT-based word and sentence transformers together with eager learning classifiers (CNN, BERT fine-tuning, FFNN) and lazy learning approach (Cosine similarity as the memory-based method). We offer and evaluate several strategies to overcome the data scarcity problem with machine translation, cross-lingual models, and a combination of the previous two. The experimental investigation revealed the robustness of sentence transformers under various cross-lingual conditions. The accuracy equal to ~0.842 is achieved with the English dataset with completely monolingual models is considered our top-line. However, cross-lingual approaches demonstrate similar accuracy levels reaching ~0.831, ~0.829, ~0.853, ~0.831, and ~0.813 on German, French, Lithuanian, Latvian, and Portuguese languages.
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Bacquelaine, Françoise. "Chacun en portugais et cada qual en français diversification et neutralisation". Linguística: Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto 1 (2022): 363–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/16466195/ling2022v1a15.
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Portuguese and French language systems have many common features, but it is well-known that each language has its peculiarities. The asymmetry between the universal quantifier pronoun chacun in French and the three Portuguese pronouns cada um, cada qual and cada raises challenges of equivalence between these two Romance languages. Choosing a Portuguese equivalent of chacun presents the translator with a challenge that Koller (1992) refers to as ‘diversification’ (one-to-many relationship). Conversely, choosing a French equivalent of cada qual results in a loss of its peculiar features compared to cada um (the most frequent) and the exclusively floating quantifier cada. This ‘neutralisation’ (several-to-one relationship) can be compensated for by the translator (ibid.). Admittedly, cada qual is much rarer than cada um, but this pronoun is very intriguing for a French speaker, who wonders how professional translators in search of equivalence react when confronted to diversification of chacun and neutralisation of cada qual. The analysis of two aligned bilingual corpora consisting of FR-PT segments (translation memories) provides some answers to these questions. The first one consists of 378 segments containing chacun and its Portuguese equivalents. These segments were extracted from a journalistic corpus (MondeDiplomatique.v1, Per-Fide 2012). The second consists of 89 segments containing cadaqual and its French equivalents. These segments come from translation memories of EU institutions, also made available to the public by the Per-Fide project. Not surprisingly, cada um is the most frequent equivalent of chacunand chacun is the most frequent equivalent of cada qual. But the solutions to the challenges raised by diversification and neutralisation are varied and even go beyond the framework of universal quantification. This finding confirms the diversity of factors involved in the choices of professional translators.
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Reis da Silva, Sara. "The Grimm legacy in portuguese children's literature: the case of "Little Red Riding Hood"". Tropelías: Revista de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, n.º 23 (26 de janeiro de 2015): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_tropelias/tropelias.2015231004.
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En Portugal, la difusión de los textos de los hermanos Grimm se inicia en el siglo XIX con la edición de obras infantiles como, por ejemplo, Contos para os nossos filhos (1882), de Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho e Gonçalves Crespo, y con algunas traducciones de Henrique Marques Júnior para la «Biblioteca das Crianças» (1898-1910). La divulgación de versiones de Caperucita Roja fue también relevante en publicaciones periódicas. En realidad, en el contexto literario portugués, las reescrituras de esta narración – fuese con intenciones miméticas/imitativas, fuese con intenciones subversivas o paródicas – mantuvieron casi siempre el modelo tranquilizador germánico, como se refleja en los textos “O Chapelinho Encarnado” (in Contos para a Infância) (1877), de Guerra Junqueiro, o A Nau Catrineta e a Outra História do Capuchinho Vermelho (1967), de Alice Gomes.Narraciones contemporáneas potencialmente destinadas a niños y/jóvenes, como O Gorro Vermelho (2002), de Ana Saldanha, o A Menina do Capuchinho Vermelho no Século XXI (2007), de Luísa Ducla Soares, manifiestan la pervivencia de los efectos intertextuales nacidos del cuento clásico en cuestión. História do Capuchinho Vermelho contada a crianças e nem por isso (2005), de la autoría de Manuel António Pina, a partir de pinturas al óleo de Paula Rego, tiene como hipotexto, en cierta medida, la versión francesa de Perrault.Este ensayo se centra en los comienzos de la edición portuguesa de los cuentos de los hermanos Grimm, así como en el análisis de diversas narraciones actuales inspiradas en Caperucita Roja. In Portugal, the diffusion of Grimm’s texts began in the nineteenth century with children’s books as Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho and Gonçalves Crespo’s Contos para os nossos filhos (1882) and some translations by Henrique Marques Júnior in «Biblioteca das Crianças» (1898-1910). The divulgation of versions of the “Red Riding Hood” was also important in periodical publications. In fact, within the Portuguese literary context, the rewritings of this narrative – either imitatively, subversively or parodically – have mostly followed the reassuring German model, as in, for example, Guerra Junqueiro’s “O chapelinho encarnado” (1877), or Alice Gomes (A Nau Catrineta e a Outra História do Capuchinho Vermelho, 1967).Contemporary children’s books such as Saldanha’s O Gorro Vermelho (2002) or Ducla Soares’ A Menina do Capuchinho Vermelho no Século XXI testify the survival of intertextual effects derived from the classic tale. História do Capuchinho Vermelho contada a crianças e nem por isso (2005), written by Manuel António Pina with works in pastel by Paula Rego, uses, to a certain extent, Perrault’s French version as ur-text, in keeping with the work of the referred artist.This paper focuses on the beginnings of Grimm’s fairy tale Portuguese editions, as well as on several contemporary narratives inspired by “Little Red Riding Hood”.
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Burton, James. "Elsevier's Dictionary of Archaeological Materials and Archaeometry. Zvi Goffer 1996. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, xviii + 445 pp., 61 tables, bibliography, indexes. $172.00 (cloth). In English, with translations in German, Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese." American Antiquity 62, n.º 4 (outubro de 1997): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281920.
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Translators, Multiple. "Translations". ti< 9, n.º 1 (26 de março de 2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ti.v9i1.2451.
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Hair, P. E. H. "An Inquiry Concerning a Portuguese Editor and a Guinea Text". History in Africa 18 (1991): 427–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172076.
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When in 1985 I issued an English translation of the 1684 version of the Description of Guinea by Francisco de Lemos Coelho, I referred to the 1973 annotated French translation of one chapter by Nize Isabel de Moraes, and I noted that this included a brief statement to the effect that “une publication de la seconde version, en portugais actualisé, fut entreprise en Lisbonne en 1937 (Inéditos Coloniais, sér. A, num. II).” This statement puzzled me, since the 1953 edition of the Portuguese texts of both versions, by Damiãlo Peres, said nothing about a previous edition, leaving the reader to suppose that the 1953 edition represented the first time these accounts by Lemos Coelho had found their way into print. However, since the reference by Nize Isabel de Moraes was a little imprecise (why “fut entreprise” rather than “fut imprimé,” for instance?), and since I have never been able to see her thesis, which originally contained the French translation and may give additional information about the 1937 enterprise, it has taken me some years to confirm that there was indeed an earlier edition and an earlier editor—albeit in rather curious circumstances, about which I would like to learn more.
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Voronina, Kamilla. "Jabberwocky in French Translations". Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Series: Foreign Philology. Methods of Foreign Language Teaching, n.º 94 (30 de novembro de 2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2227-8877-2021-94-04.
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This paper focuses on the specifics of rendering lexical nonsense into the target language. The research is done on the basis of one of the outstanding poems of all times belonging to the genre of nonsense, namely Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll and 12 translations into French. As a result of the research it was established that the interpretation of any nonsensical representation of the lexical level has a significant impact on its reproduction in the target language, but does not limit translators in their creative approaches. We claim that nonsense is an interesting, complex, and ambiguous phenomenon which implies a plurality of potential options for its interpretation, and reproduction in the target language. Lexical nonsense units are deprived of one single sense and thus one single variant of their interpretation due to their word formation. In most cases, Lewis Carroll chose blending, which resulted in coining new words with two or more meanings “packed up” into one word. To make interpretation easier, the author gave his commentaries on the pages of the literary work. In most cases, L. Carroll’s game with meanings is reproduced in French translations by means of calquing the word-formation pattern. In certain cases, translators are guided by the author’s commentary and they select the means of the French language as accurately as possible to reproduce Carroll’s intentions. In most cases, Carroll’s lexical nonsense units are reproduced in the French translations by means of blending and compounding. In some cases, the translators take a creative approach bringing new meanings into Carroll’s game, different from his initial intention. And their game becomes so specific that it goes beyond the reader’s imagination. The translators’ preference to use calque to coin their equivalents is a manifestation of the domestication strategy in most analyzed translations. Only one translator borrowed English nonsensical lexemes to name main characters in his French translation, which we consider to be the manifestation of foreignization strategy.
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Azevedo, Milton Mariano. "Translation Strategies: The Fifth Column in French, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish". Hemingway Review 27, n.º 1 (2007): 108–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hem.2007.0014.
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VELEANU, Corina. "LA TRADUCTION DES NOMS COMPOSÉS JURIDIQUES ANGLAIS EN -ING DANS LES LANGUES ROMANES". Comparative Legilinguistics 30 (29 de outubro de 2017): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cl.2017.30.6.
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The aim of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of -ing compound nouns in the process of their translation into Romance languages. The starting point of this analysis is our research into the entry of -ing simple nouns in the legal vocabulary of Romance languages, which we presented at the 10th International Days of the Lexicology, Terminology and Translation Network (University of Strasbourg, 2015). The method of the present research consists in a contrastive analysis of the entry of English compound nouns containing the morpheme -ing in the legal vocabulary of French, Romanian, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese, in order to assess both the translating differences in terms of perception between the simple and compound -ing structures, and the degree of permeability of the legal target-languages in contact with the legal English terms. One of the practical purposes of the present research will be offering a linguistic analysis basis to legal translators, as we founded our work on our hands-on experience as a legal translator and interpreter with the Tribunal de Grande Instance (High Court) of Lyon and the Court of Appeal, as well as a lecturer in legal English and translation.
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Russell, Adam. "French Translations of Jane Austen". Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association 2012, n.º 117 (maio de 2012): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000127912804641474.
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Helgesson, Stefan. "Meningen med »maningue«". Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 40, n.º 2 (1 de janeiro de 2010): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v40i2.11965.
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The Meaning of »Maningue«: Thoughts on Literary Translation and Foreign Words
With a focus on the stylistic phenomenon of glossing in postcolonial writing, this article argues that the status of »foreign« words in literary texts and the task of translation are inherently unstable. By combining perspectives from the relatively discrete theoretical formations of postcolonialism, world literature studies and translation studies, it advocates a more dynamic understanding of self and other, the familiar and the foreign, the West and the rest (as these polarities play themselves out in translation and literary circulation) than is current. The Mozambican author Mia Couto’s novel Terra sonâmbula is a case in point: while his stylistic reinvention of Portuguese, which includes the use of words from Mozambican languages, is commonly read as a foreignisation of the language, from a Mozambican perspective it is more likely to be read as domestication. This undecidabilityof the familiar and the foreign is then reflected and refracted by the divergent decisions of translators. A closer look at French, German, Norwegian, Danish, Swedish and English versions of Terra sonâmbula reveals a wide range of strategies with regard to glossing. The Scandinavian versions include most instances of glossing, the English version has none. There is however no fixed norm against which to judge these different strategies. The translational fate of words such as »xipefo« and »maningue« demonstrates instead the role of translation (and of the translator) as a constitutively transformative factor in the shaping of world literature.
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Hair, P. E. H. "Portuguese Documents on Africa and Some Problems of Translation". History in Africa 27 (janeiro de 2000): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172108.
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In 1983 a note in History in Africa described a survey of Portuguese archive documents on West Africa organized by Vice-Admiral Avelino Teixeira da Mota but left stranded by his untimely death in 1982. The task of continuing the project—by extending the survey, completing the transcription of the survey documents and other relevant material, and publishing the transcripts—has latterly been taken up by the present successor of Teixeira da Mota in the directorship of the same scholarly unit, Dr Maria Emilia Madeira Santos. The first two volumes of Portugaliae Monuments Africana appeared in 1993 and 1995, volume 3 has been at the press since 1997, and the material for at least two more volumes is in advanced preparation. As the title shows, the geographical range of the series is wider than that of the original survey. The documents appear in Portuguese (or occasionally Latin). But a brief summary of each document is supplied in French and English, as well as in Portuguese, making the contents to some extent accessible even to those African historians who do not read (late-medieval) Portuguese. Having translated into English some thousand or so of these document summaries, I now discuss some of my problems in translating, and hence certain problems for African historians in using this material.PMA earns all those responsible the highest commendation for undertaking this difficult project; it is invaluable for that period of early African-European contacts it progressively covers; and it deserves the support of the scholarly community. The comments that follow are intended to make it better known and to explain some of its features, advantages and limitations.
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HUNT, T. "OLD FRENCH TRANSLATIONS OF MEDICAL TEXTS". Forum for Modern Language Studies XXXV, n.º 4 (1 de outubro de 1999): 350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fmls/xxxv.4.350.
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Smith, Paul J. "Folly Goes French". Erasmus Studies 35, n.º 1 (2015): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18749275-03501003.
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The early-modern French translations of Erasmus’ Praise of Folly show an astonishing adaptability to its ever changing readerships. Much attention has been paid recently to the two sixteenth-century translations (1518 and 1520) and their intended readers—royal and bourgeois respectively. The three French translations of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are less known but all the more intriguing. In 1642 Folly addresses herself to the French pre-classicist readers, adepts of Richelieu’s new Académie Française—although her translator, Hélie Poirier, was a Protestant refugee, recently settled in the Netherlands. In 1671 Folly seeks her readers in the Parisian salons, satirizing the same societal wrongs as her great contemporary Molière in Tartuffe and Les femmes savantes. The successful translation by Nicolas Gueudeville (22 editions from 1713 onward) is also a chameleon: originally translated and printed in Leiden, the text gradually becomes more Parisian with each passing edition. Folly’s language is bowdlerized according to the principles of bienséance, and Vianen’s illustrations, based on Holbein, are discarded as rude and old-fashioned. In 1751 they are replaced by Charles Eisen’s elegant, long-limbed, periwigged figures, dressed to the latest fashion. Although she changes her name (Moria/Stultitia—Dame Sottise—Dame Folie), her language (from humanist Latin to Parisian French), her appearance and attire (from Holbein to Eisen), Folly remains much the same through the ages—everlasting and omnipresent, just as the vices she laughs at.
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Karas, Hilla. "Intralingual intertemporal translation as a relevant category in translation studies". Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 28, n.º 3 (19 de setembro de 2016): 445–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.28.3.05kar.
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Abstract This article argues for intralingual intertemporal translations as a separate category within the field of translation studies. Not only do these translations seem to have common characteristics and behaviors, but it is precisely their particularities that make them a key to understanding more ‘typical’ translations. Two main sets of examples will serve as demonstration: translations from Old French into Middle and Modern French, and a Modern Hebrew translation of the Old Testament, originally written in Biblical Hebrew, as well as the public discussion following its publication.