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Yasin, Zaeem, Sumera Batool e Iqra Naseer. "Exploring Transgender's Representation, Perceptions and Experiences: An Analytical Study of Portrayal of Transgenders in Bollywood Movies and Its Effects on Transgender Community of Lahore, Pakistan". Global Mass Communication Review V, n.º III (30 de setembro de 2020): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2020(v-iii).08.
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The study attempts to analyze the portrayal of transgender in Bollywood movies and also explored viewpoints of transgender's regarding their representation in selected Bollywood movies. The study focused on them with reference to their problems and challenges. Queer and framing theories provide theoretical implications for the study. The queer theory implies that media content establishes the identities of transgenders through characterization in stereotypical ways, while framing theory infers that media adopt particular frames to enable viewers to think about the transgender's community in a specific manner. Content analysis, survey and intensive interviews were used as research methods. The study concluded that there is a stereotypical representation of transgenders in Bollywood movies. They are portrayed as sex workers, beggars, criminals and dancers. However, the transgender community is looking for a change regarding the stigmatization and misconceptions about them.
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Iyyappan, K. "Transgender in Tamil Movies". Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 7, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v7i2.5071.
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Many movies released in Tamil have portrayed transgenders mostly as scenes for ridicule. In the guise of comedy, films have been portraying transgender people with insults, double entendres and sexual scenes. Some movies like Bombay, Thenavattu, Chithiram Pesutadi, and Naan kadavul show transgenders in a dignified manner. From 1977’s Balabhishekam to 2017’s sivappu enakku pidikkum, this review examines the film. Transgender people are those who have been ostracized from public life by their families and the entire society and are forced to live in the public square without any means of living without any means of livelihood, begging and prostitution. Tamil cinema is using the problem of such people and their need only for ridicule. Seeing this, the growing generation grows up with such thoughts and perpetuates its violence against transgenders. The Tamil film world often portrays transgender people as ugly and ridiculous. Tamil movies were also the reason why the transgender community was seen as a laughing stock in the early days.
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Poonguzhali S, Kirubakaran S e Arun Murugan. "Equalizing The Third Gender Health a Lived Experience Phenomenological Study - A Qualitative Approach". National Journal of Community Medicine 14, n.º 06 (1 de junho de 2023): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140620232681.
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Background: The transgender population is a marginalized social group often targeted for mistreatment and discrimination. This study specifically examined the experiences of transgender people across a range of categories such as: education, employment outcomes, health awareness and mental health status. The study aimed to gain an understanding about the respondents’ unique experiences of discrimination being transgender and health awareness. Materials and Methods: The research applied descriptive qualitative phenomenology design. The study was conducted at Department of Community Medicine, Government Omandurar Medical College and Hospital, Chennai on Trans genders using in-depth interview with an open-ended question semi structured Questionnaire after obtaining the informed consent among 4 Transgenders till the data saturation happens. The Transcriptions Data were then analyzed using the Colaizzi method. Results: Marginalized socially and economically, Family and peer rejections, Lack of Job opportunities, Continuous rejection and omission leads to Begging and Active Night life (Survival Sex). Health Care Professionals has less knowledge about the transgender health, sex affirmation surgery is still least preferred among doctors. NGOs roles are very significant in their quality of life, Periodic medical examination including HIV. Conclusion: Transgender’s and the word are to be transformed as Third Gender. The Social acceptance from the public will do wonders in their life.
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Younus, Janifer, Lubna Ansari Baig, Zaeema Ahmer, Athar Memon e Moyn Aly. "Exploring the Barriers Faced by Transgenders for Accessing Healthcare Facilities in the Metropolitan City of Karachi". Pakistan Journal of Public Health 12, n.º 4 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v12i4.1025.
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Background: Transgender population experience violence and discrimination because of their gender identity and their proposed image in society. In Pakistan being a transgender creates a serious challenge and threat to survival due to difference in societal system, culture, and nature. Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study analyses the perceptions of accessing healthcare services of 11 transgender individuals who were recruited through snowball sampling after obtaining their written informed consent. Open ended questions regarding experiences of transgenders accessing healthcare facilities in Karachi were asked. Data was collected till the saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed and double checked. Coding of the data was done and subsequently themes were generated. Results: Participants’ mean age was 33 (range 24–65) years. Six themes were identified which revolve around transgenders’ experiences. These were ‘Striving for Life’, ‘Biggest Nightmare! Violence and Harassment’, ‘Shunned by the Society’, ‘Hope for the Better Days’, ‘Transgender as a Pakistani Citizen’ and ‘Attitudes of Healthcare Providers towards transgenders’. Conclusion: There is still a long way to go before accepting transgender individuals as equal members of our society. Despite efforts to reduce discrimination, transgender individuals still face inequalities not only in the society but also in healthcare facilities. This leads to poor access of healthcare facilities. Antidiscrimination policies are needed with increased gender-affirming healthcare access.
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Michelraj, M. "Historical Evolution of Transgender Community in India". Asian Review of Social Sciences 4, n.º 1 (5 de maio de 2015): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2015.4.1.1304.
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This paper explores the historical growth of transgender community in India.Thehistorical evolution of the transgender community in Mughal period, British period, Post-Independence and contemporary period. In the Mughal period the transgenders were in high position and they were political advisor and administered in empire. In the British era the transgenders were benefited by the provision of land and rights of food. In contemporary period, the government of India implemented new policy and schemes for the social protection and welfare schemes of transgender community.
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Murugesapandian, N. "Transgenders in Ancient Tamil Literature". Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 6, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v6i4.4818.
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There is no transgender voice or pro-transgender voice in the ancient Tamil literature. Transgender explanations need to be compiled from what is reported as information in grammatical commentary and literary works. Transgender people have been living in Tamil Nadu since ancient times can be found in Sangam literary works. Records about transgenders have appeared in Tolkappiyam and Nigandus. Tamil epics narrates that it is possible to know the status of transgender people living in harmony with palace life. Devotional literary works refer to gender’s past status as Lord being male, female, and transgender. In Tamil Nadu, transgender people are completely ignored as the emphasis of male chauvinism. In general values about transgender have been recorded in the ancient literary works.
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Trotter, Richard. "Transgender Discrimination And The Law". Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER) 3, n.º 2 (8 de novembro de 2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/cier.v3i2.177.
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An emerging area of law is developing regarding sex/gender identity discrimination, also referred to as transgender discrimination, as distinguished from discrimination based on sexual orientation. A transgendered individual is defined as “a person who has a gender-identity disorder which is a persistent discomfort about one’s assigned sex or a sense of belonging to the other sex.’ While Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or it amendments do not provide protection from discrimination for individuals based on sexual orientation, transgender, or transvestites, there are a growing number of state, cities, and counties with transgender explicit non-discrimination laws. In addition to the above private employers, colleges and universities and collective bargaining agreements prohibit discrimination against transgendered people. While Title VII does not protect transgendered people, some federal courts have broadly interpreted Title VII’s prohibitation against sex discrimination as including transgendered people on the basis of the concept of “sex stereotyping” as a form of sex discrimination protected by Title VII. Additionally, the state courts of Massachusetts and New Jersey have held that transsexual people are protected under state disability laws. Human Resource Managers need to be sensitive to issues that can arise as a result of an employee making a sex change transition with respect to the following: 1) bathroom and dressing room usage; 2) dress codes; 3) identification and records changes; and (4) health benefits. Additionally, the transgendered employee, supervisory management and coworkers each have responsibilities to see that the transgendered transition is done respecting the rights of all concerned. As to the future, legal status of transgendered employees, transgender advocates should seek to change the existing laws; and if the existing law has sexual orientation protection, these laws should be written in such a way as to expressly include transgendered individuals. Additionally, transgender advocates should seek the voluntary cooperation of employers.
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Kumar, Manoranjan. "The Impact of Economic Exclusion on the Constitutionally Guaranteed Entitlements of Economic Justice, Equality of Opportunity and Right to Live with Human Dignity of the Transgenders". Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, n.º 11 (20 de novembro de 2023): e1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i11.1748.
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Objective: The objective of the paper is to examine and explain how the constitutionally guaranteed entitlements notably the various facets of right to equality, right to life and preambular assurance of justice: social, economic and political will remain unachievable and meaningless for the transgenders till their economic exclusion and marginalisation continues. The present paper shall examine the important aspects of legal provisions and economic policy which can ensure that the constitutional mandates enshrined under Articles 14, 15, 16 and 21 become a reality for transgender through their economic empowerment. Theoretical Framework: The Constitution of India recognises and rests firmly on the fundamental principles of liberty, equality, fraternity and justice. Transgender people have always been the part of every society, nation and culture since ages but unfortunately their very existence has been negated at every level of society. This marginalised section and highly disadvantaged group has consistently and continuously been subjected to social stigma, discrimination and exclusion from all kinds of socio-economic and political undertakings. The insensitivity and the apathy of the public at large are still the biggest challenges in mainstreaming the transgenders and eliminating all forms of socio-economic exclusion against them. The extreme discrimination and exclusionary practices against the transgender people at every level in the work place, from job rejection to privacy violation and even sexual harassment, disproportionately affects their physical and mental wellbeing. The socio-economic marginalisation and denial of any gainful employment opportunity puts them in depression, pessimism and forces them to engage in unlawful activities and become drug suppliers, sex workers and even low-income entertainers. Method: The present paper focuses on the constitutionally guaranteed entitlements namely “economic justice” and “equality of opportunity” of the transgender people while taking up the issue of their economic exclusion and marginalisation and intends to explore how the economic exclusion has adverse and severe implications on transgender rights. Results and Discussion: The cost of economic exclusion of transgender people in India cannot be undermined. Such discrimination and unaccepting environments are capable of psychologically depressing transgender people and adversely affecting their incentive to get training and education. This turns into a vicious circle that translates into low investment in human capital and suboptimal opportunities for them resulting in lower productivity of overall economy. Conclusion: With very limited employment opportunities, transgender’s education, health and living standard are abysmally low and therefore, in order to achieve the constitutional mandate enshrined under Articles 14, 15, 16 and 21 of the Constitution of India, the objectives of the government should be to allow reasonable participation of most of the transgender population in the national economy.
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hasmady, farhan, e Mustafa Mat Jubri@Shamsuddin. "Transgenders' Rights in Malaysia in Light of Maqasid ash-Syariah". Journal of Fatwa Management and Research 21, n.º 1 (6 de julho de 2020): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/jfatwa.vol21no1.234.
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Transgenders are a marginalized group in many parts of the world including Malaysia. For this reason, some parties have demanded certain rights in favor of the transgenders. The aim of this research is to study the rights of transgender people in Malaysia from the perspective of Maqasid Syariah. The researcher has followed a set of methodologies with which he addressed the topic at hand. Using analytical approach, the researcher discussed the issue of transgenders’ rights and its legitimacy in light of Maqasid Syariah. A field study was also conducted through interviews with transgender people in Kuantan, Pahang. The study concluded with some findings, the most important of which are: the importance of observing the general rights that should be given to all without excluding the transgender community which are the rights that Syariah has prescribed in order to preserve the dignity of human being. As for the rights demanded by transgender activists, they are subject to the view of Shariah in terms of being a means to achieve objectives and goals the Shariah aims for.
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Dr. Money Veena VR. "Legal Framework For Transgenders in India: A Study Focusing State Of Kerala". Legal Research Development 2, n.º II (30 de dezembro de 2017): 09–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53724/lrd/v2n2.04.
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Transgender people are individuals of any age or sex whose appearance, personal characteristics, or behaviours differ from stereotypes about how men and women are supposed’ to be. They have existed in every culture, race, and class since the story of human life has been recorded. Condition of transgender is very pitiable in our society and they are underprivileged from their basic rights and are still not accepted by Indian society. Many transgenders suffer from mental health problems like depression and suicidal tendencies. In spite of being into existence for so long, the transgender community has never been able to become a part of mainstream society. They are often pushed to the periphery as a social outcaste and many may end up begging and dancing. This is by all means human trafficking. Sometimes running out of all options to feed themselves, they even engage themselves as sex workers for survival. This paper attempts to analyze the legal protection of transgenders, the judicial approach in transgender issues and also the policy of the Government of Kerala for transgenders.
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A., Chitra, Sakthimarieswari G. M., Kaleeswaran S., Indhira V. R., Mythili Menon Pathiyil e Shreyavarshini . "A cross sectional study to assess the discrimination faced by trans genders in health care facilities- Chennai, Tamil Nadu". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, n.º 2 (24 de janeiro de 2018): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180247.
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Background: Transgender people are those who by definition, have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their assigned sex at birth. The Government of Tamil Nadu was the first Indian state to pioneer welfare schemes for transgenders such as formation of transgender welfare board, creation of a third column for gender in college application forms. The study aims to assess the discrimination faced by the transgenders in health care facilities. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 50 transgenders using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Among 47 responendents, 17.6% of the transgenders had delayed going to hospital fearing discrimination. Harassment either in physical or verbal form experienced by 41.2% and 37.5% faced discrimination in form of judgemental looks or comments, while 5.9% of the transgenders were denied treatment altogether in the hospital. Denial of equal treatment experienced by 52.9% of the study participants. Conclusions: The study highlights that transgenders even today face considerable discrimination which refrains them from assessing health care facilities. Even though we in Tamil Nadu have pioneered with the formation of transgender board, free sex re-assignment surgery in government health care facilities, the utilisation by the transgenders are far from behind. This may be attributed due to the discrimination faced by the transgenders.
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Leany, Muhammad Novan, e Ramadhanita Mustika Sari. "Social Solidarity and Waria Religiousity: A Netnographic Study of Al-Fatah Islamic Boardingschool Yogyakarta". Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Raushan Fikr 11, n.º 1 (5 de julho de 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/jimrf.v11i1.6477.
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Research on transgender religiosity is interesting to study more deeply. This is because of the public’s view that transgenders are justified as a nuisance or disturbing people’s lives. However, something different happened at the Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School. Pesantren is used as a place to instill religious values in transgender people. So that it becomes a place for waria to develop religion, or as a place for waria to return to the right path, without the element of coercion. Never view transgenders negatively. The purpose of this study is to get an idea of how the public views transgenders in Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School and a picture of the growth of transgender religious values in Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a virtual netnography approach. Netnography is the process of browsing an entity while using internet processes. This article proves the tips on community solidarity in instilling religious values in transgender women at Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School there are also other findings, namely the side of tolerance for human characters that are different from other
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Priyadarshini, Sugyanta, e Sukanta Chandra Swain. "Life of Transgender in Ethical Milieu: A Study of Selected Transgenders of Bhubaneswar, India". Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, n.º 4 (10 de julho de 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0067.
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Societal life of a transgender is not very normal and smooth; rather, it has been full of controversies in acceptance, treatment, and trust. Taking birth as a transgender is never a matter of choice. Due to obliviousness, society still thinks that being transgender is a substance of choice. In fact, conflicts related to ethical milieu hinder a free and normal living for a transgender. Keeping ethical milieu in the backdrop, this paper describes the life of selected transgenders starting from coming out of the closet to adapting to the unpredictable societal reaction. For the purpose, in-depth interviews among selected transgenders from Bhubaneswar are conducted for ascertaining their feelings as they came out from the closet and presence of ethics while dealing with personal and professional sides of their living. It has been found that they have never been sailed in a straight line; instead, they have been destined to an oscillating life path.
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Joseph, Jince, e N. Gayathri. "Tracing Hijra Ethnicity in Indian Transgender Autobiographies: Revisiting the Erased Hijra Legacy through Trans Self-memory". World Journal of English Language 14, n.º 1 (11 de dezembro de 2023): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n1p440.
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Transgender people in India are categorized under various regional and culturally bound terms. Hijras is one such transgender category indigenous to the religious and cultural history of the land. They are considered ethnic clans because of their self-identification with Hijra legacy. This article critically explicates Indian transgender autobiographies as narrative accounts of the collective experiences of transgender communities, transgressing the borders of self-memory to collective memory and consciousness. Transgenders experiencing trauma from victimization are bereft of agency and autonomy to assert their epistemic value in the discursive process. Heteronormative narrative discourses subvert transgender subjectivity, perpetuating normative modalities that result in epistemic amnesia regarding transgender concerns. Individual transgender autobiographical narratives become the assertion of epistemic agency rooted in trans subjectivity, representing the collective legacy of the hijra clan. Hijra autobiographies are the panacea for the collective amnesia of normative society that obliterates the hijra cultural legacy. The authorial narrative diegesis evidences the replication of customs and rituals of the hijra heritage in modern milieu.
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Asiyah, Siti. "Transgender Community and Its Slang Words". Register Journal 7, n.º 2 (1 de novembro de 2014): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v7i2.219.
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The purpose of this research is to describe slang words used in transgender community in Salatiga, the meaning, how to form and the functions. This is the descriptive qualitative method. The data are from natural communication taking among transgenders. The source of data is transgender community in the form of oral data. The results of the studyshows that transgender slang words is formed by borrowing syllables of Javanese and Indonesian language, adding with specific affixes, or changing into other common words. Transgender community inserts the slang words into Javanese language and use Javanese language structure to form their utterances. They use it as a secret code and also solidaritymarker inside the groups or between the group and other groups.Keywords: Slang words; Transgender community; Function of slang words
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Alam, Mohammad Khursheed, e Anas Imran Arshad. "Transgenders: an insight to early progression". International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 4, n.º 3 (19 de fevereiro de 2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v4i3.193.
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Lack of local and national transgender-led organisations necessitates an informatory response of researchers striving to develop standards of medical and dental care for transgender communities of developing countries. Here in the Universiti Sains Malaysia in Kelantan, Malaysia, we have made efforts to conduct research and develop a better understanding of health care needs for local Bangladeshi transgender community. Currently, we are outreaching transgender community leaders for data collection with prior permissions to facilitate at least palliative treatment provision. We aim to assess the differences in dental and craniofacial morphometry of transgenders. We also focus on identifying the associations of Body Mass Index (BMI) and ABO Blood grouping with the craniofacial morphometrics. So for our knowledge goes, there is no existing database for the dental and craniofacial morphometric norms of transgenders. Our study outcomes will primarily serve orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons and on a larger scale will facilitate forensic specialists, radiologists and other health care personnel to better understand the inherent differences and plan the desired treatments according to their specific norms. This will also encourage and empower transgenders to seek health advices and enjoy a healthy social life. The fears of violence and discrimination that transgenders face in our society have suppressed their basic health care needs for long. We need to work in globalised collaboration to address the complex array of challenges that the transgender community faces. Gender equity and indiscrimination is their birth right and we hold this responsibility to defend and fight for their rights to ensure their prosperous future.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 03 July’20 Page : 155
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Ajmal, Ali, e Faiza Rasool. "Transgender Rights Law in Pakistan: Mental Health Perspective". Global Social Sciences Review VIII, n.º II (30 de junho de 2023): 420–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-ii).38.
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The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2018 is an exclusive statutory law dealing with the rights of transgender persons in Pakistan, the greatest strength of which is the right given to transgender persons to be recognized based on their self-perceived gender identity. However, in its recent judgement, the Federal Shariat Court struck down some of the key sections of this act by declaring them unIslamic. Gender is a social construct and is different from the biological sex. Gender identity, which is the innermost feeling of a person, cannot be changed. Moreover, transgender identity is not a mental disorder and is different from gender dysphoria. This paper discusses the transgender law in Pakistan in detail and the insights from the field of mental health to understand the transgender phenomenon and to handle transgenders' rights in Pakistan by bridging the gaps between the understandings of relevant stakeholders.
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Lightner, Joseph S., Justin Schneider, Amanda Grimes, Melissa Wigginton, Laurel Curran, Tori Gleason e Tyler Prochnow. "Physical activity among transgender individuals: A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies". PLOS ONE 19, n.º 2 (28 de fevereiro de 2024): e0297571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297571.
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Transgender individuals face stigma, discrimination, and other barriers impacting their ability to engage in physical activity (PA). We aim to review current literature on PA among transgender individuals. A systemic literature search of research studies from 2010–2023 was conducted. Studies must have reported a measure of PA and gender, be original research, and focus on transgender participants’ PA. Rates of PA for transgender individuals were lower compared to cisgender or sexual minority individuals. Transgender women were less likely to engage in PA than other groups. Qualitative results suggest transgender oppression, stigma, discrimination, body image, unwelcoming environments (gyms, locker rooms, swimming pools), and the dichotomous structure of sport contribute to lower rates of PA among transgendered individuals. Disparities in PA for transgender individuals exist. Policy, environment, and system changes are needed to reduce transgender stigma in sport and PA settings. Current legislation is being developed and implemented in the United States regarding the place of transgender individuals in sport and PA. These results should inform public discourse on the topic.
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Khanna, Purnima. "Constitutionalism and Human Rights: A Critical Analysis of the Rights of Transgender People in India". Lentera Hukum 9, n.º 3 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v9i3.28631.
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The movement for decriminalizing homosexual relations and the human rights of the LGBT community has gained momentum in the last decade. In India, various NGOs and LGBT society have fought a long battle demanding the decriminalization of homosexuality and declaring sexual orientation as part of the fundamental right to life under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. This paper explored the Indian legislative framework dealing with transgender people. Furthermore, it extensively covered the landmark judgments delivered by the Indian judiciary on the subject matter and highlighted that these judgments had played an essential role in uplifting the cause and protecting the fundamental rights of transgenders. Using doctrinal research as its methodology, this study showed that the Indian Constitution essentially provides a fundamental right to equality under Article 14, whereas Articles 15 and 16 outline that no one shall be discriminated on the ground of sex. Also, the Indian judiciary had decriminalized Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, considered as part of landmark judgments that recognize transgender people as a third gender. India also enacted the Transgender Protection Act 2019 to ensure the rights of transgenders. However, this Act failed to address the issue of forced sex-reassignment surgeries, which had been imposed upon transgender people against their consent. On the other hand, while transgenders are legally protected, gaining acceptance from society is another arduous task in which transgenders have struggled to realize an all-inclusive and non-judgmental environment towards persons with different sexual orientations.
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Munir, Muhammad Afzan. "Educational and Labor Market Issues: A case for the Transgender of Pakistan". Asian Journal of Inclusive Education 07, n.º 01 (31 de dezembro de 2019): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.59595/ajie.07.1.4.
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This paper explores the issues that the third gender faces in terms of education and labor market opportunities in Pakistan in the Post “Transgender Protection of Rights Bill 2018” scenario. The findings, based on a qualitative study involving detailed unstructured interviews with 15 self-identified transgender individuals and a focus group discussion with five more transgender individuals, suggest that transgender are discriminated against in all walks of life. They are discouraged from getting an education, both by people in the family home and those at school. Transgender face severe discrimination not only from their fellow students but also from their teachers, which discourages them to continue their education. In addition to this, one of the principle reasons for failure to secure a respectable job was identified to be their lack of education and the skills required for such jobs. Similarly, discrimination and harassment in the workplace also play a key role in a lack of jobs for transgender. Lastly, the paper provides policy recommendations for catering to transgenders’ needs and addressing the issues faced by the transgender community of Pakistan.
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Ningtiyas, Septiana, e Prijono Satyabakti. "The Differences of Condom use Among Transgender to Regular Partner and Clients". Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 4, n.º 1 (11 de novembro de 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v4i1.2016.87-99.
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ABSTRACTHIV prevalence among transgender in Surabaya based STBP in 2011 has reached 24%. The high prevalence in the transgender group caused by risky sexual behavior that is not consistent in using condoms and changing sex partners. Transgender sex couples not only client, but transgender have a regular partner also called a boyfriend or husband. Program at transgender condom use has not been effective or has not reached the target. Condom use among transgender is determined by sex partners. The study aimed to describe the differences of condom use among transgender to regular partner and clients. This study used cross sectional design research descriptive with qualitative approach. There were 9 informants to accomplish this study by purposive sampling with certain criteria such as transgenders prostitutes who are associated with association of transgender in Surabaya (Perwakos) that were actively doing prostitution, transgender prostitutes who had a regular partner and transgender prostitutes who performed those sexual activities in Surabaya. The variables studied were knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, condom use. Data were analyzed using transcripts of data, data reduction, data display, verification. The results showed that condom use in regular partner lower than the clients. This is caused by the bad attitude and perception, accompanied domination emotional factors. There were no differences of condom use between regular partner with clients. Therefore necessary to motivate transgender Perwakos to always use a condom during sex with regular partner and clients, as well as increased knowledge of HIV-AIDS and the benefits of condoms to regular partner and transgender clients.Keywords: condom use, transgender, HIV-AIDS, regular partner, clients
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Ningtiyas, Septiana, e Prijono Satyabakti. "The Differences of Condom use Among Transgender to Regular Partner and Clients". Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 4, n.º 1 (11 de novembro de 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v4i12016.87-99.
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HIV prevalence among transgender in Surabaya based STBP in 2011 has reached 24%. The high prevalence in the transgender group caused by risky sexual behavior that is not consistent in using condoms and changing sex partners. Transgender sex couples not only client, but transgender have a regular partner also called a boyfriend or husband. Program at transgender condom use has not been effective or has not reached the target. Condom use among transgender is determined by sex partners. The study aimed to describe the differences of condom use among transgender to regular partner and clients. This study used cross sectional design research descriptive with qualitative approach. There were 9 informants to accomplish this study by purposive sampling with certain criteria such as transgenders prostitutes who are associated with association of transgender in Surabaya (Perwakos) that were actively doing prostitution, transgender prostitutes who had a regular partner and transgender prostitutes who performed those sexual activities in Surabaya. The variables studied were knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, condom use. Data were analyzed using transcripts of data, data reduction, data display, verification. The results showed that condom use in regular partner lower than the clients. This is caused by the bad attitude and perception, accompanied domination emotional factors. There were no differences of condom use between regular partner with clients. Therefore necessary to motivate transgender Perwakos to always use a condom during sex with regular partner and clients, as well as increased knowledge of HIV-AIDS and the benefits of condoms to regular partner and transgender clients.Keywords: condom use, transgender, HIV-AIDS, regular partner, clients
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Rose, Ekta. "Education Rights- Transgender". ANVESHA-A Multidisciplinary E-Journal for all Researches 3, n.º 1 (2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55183/amjr.2022.vo3.lsi.01.004.
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Education is critical for the boom and improvement of any democratic country. India is a Democratic country. According to Article 14 and 15 Indian Constitution is to offer identical possibility to each citizen to develop and acquire their potential, no matter caste, faith or gender. Now-a-days, Transgenders will have a look at in schools, schools and universities with all facility approving their admission below the class of "deprived group" described with the aid of using the Right to Education Act 2009. The Transgender network is part of the social order and that they have an identical right in the whole lot this is to be had to all others withinside the world. Transgenders are eligible for 25% reservation below the economically weaker phase deprived college students class for admission in schools, schools and universities. They are socially and economically backward. Transgender may be allowed admission in schools, schools and universities and given employment on the premise that they belonged to the Transgenders. The Supreme Court stated they'll take delivery of instructional and employment Opportunities to Transgenders. The Transgenders network faces numerous demanding situations and discrimination and consequently has fewer possibilities in comparison to others. They are hardly ever knowledgeable as they're nor customary with the aid of using the society and consequently do now no longer get hold of right schooling. Even if they're admitted to an academic institute, they face harassment and are bullied each day and are requested to depart the faculty and schools or they drop out on their own. It is due to this that they soak up begging and sex work.
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M, Kirupa Priyadarsini, e S. Pavan Kumar. "Can we visualize equity and sustainable development without Inclusivity?" Journal of Engineering Education Transformations 36, S2 (1 de janeiro de 2023): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2023/v36is2/23072.
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The study followed a descriptive research design to assess the employee readiness for inclusive workplaces that permit transgender. The sampling method used is cluster sampling. 185 enterprises were contacted for collecting data through the structured questionnaire, out of which 152 respondents from 79 companies have participated in the research study. To test the hypothesis, Partial least square based approach was adopted. WarpPLS version 8.0 was used for hypothesis testing. The research attempted to address the stigma in the minds of the employees, to accommodate transgenders at workplace. Results demonstrated that the co-worker and senior management support was influential in reducing the stigma of peers and helped in accommodating transgenders in the workplace. Using sensitization programs and creation of structural measures, the team succeeded in placing nine transgender employees in the textile unit. Keywords: Transgender, Partial Least square, WrapPLS, Inclusivity
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Aziz, Dr Asma, Hina Asghar e Farzan Hameed. "Transgender Discourse in Islam Review of Human Gender and Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018". AL-HIDAYAH 5, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/alhidayah.v5i2.66.
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Human Being is entitled with the best creature among all the creatures of Allah. There are three types of human being i.e. man, woman and transgender. Islam talks in all walk of life of man and provides all basic human rights to all. Transgender’s Identity and recognition in their family and society is the current issue in all public sphere of Muslims and Non-Muslims today. Attitude of society towards them is caused their incompatibility and dissatisfaction between their soul and body. The behavior of Islamic scholarship and law with regard to the issue of transgender is an important subject. As Pakistan is an Islamic state, a legislation is enacted the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 to address their issues and with the aim to provide rights to the transgender and for their welfare. This research deals with debate in Islamic jurisprudence and its level of compatibility or incompatibility with Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 and will discuss the approaches of Pakistan Islamic Ideological Council on the Act.
Keywords: Transgender, Mukhanas, Islamic Jurisprudence, Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018, Self -Perceived gender identity
Human Being is entitled with the best creature among all the creatures of Allah. There are three types of human being i.e. man, woman and transgender. Islam talks in all walk of life of man and provides all basic human rights to all. Transgender’s Identity and recognition in their family and society is the current issue in all public sphere of Muslims and Non-Muslims today. Attitude of society towards them is caused their incompatibility and dissatisfaction between their soul and body. The behavior of Islamic scholarship and law with regard to the issue of transgender is an important subject. As Pakistan is an Islamic state, a legislation is enacted the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 to address their issues and with the aim to provide rights to the transgender and for their welfare. This research deals with debate in Islamic jurisprudence and its level of compatibility or incompatibility with Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 and will discuss the approaches of Pakistan Islamic Ideological Council on the Act.
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Yuliani, Ira Hairida, Dadang Hikmah Purnama e Yus Naini. "Proses Sosialisasi Antara Ani-Ani dan Mbuk Dalam Komunitas Waria di Palembang: Perspektif Interaksionisme Simbolik". Jurnal Empirika 1, n.º 1 (5 de agosto de 2016): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47753/je.v1i1.9.
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The research aims to observe the exchange of experience between the young transgender and the transgender community. This is a qualitative research which adopts the ethnographic approach. Qualitative data were extracted from primary source;  obtained  using  participative  field observations,  interviews  and  focus group discussions. The data were analyzed using Spradley’s taxonomic analysis. The field observations were conducted in the beauty salons and red light zones. The researcher interviewed the informants, ‘ani-ani’ (the young transgenders) and ‘mbuk‟ (senior transgenders) and conducted the focus group discussions with senior transgenders.The result shows that the socialization process between ani- ani and mbuk is an anticipatory socialization process where the ani-ani comes into the transgender community voluntarily. This thesis also discovers that the socialization process is not a one-way process, on the contrary it is a dynamic process in which the self adjust the information they receive with their own values and needs. In the socialization process, each individual would adjust themselves with transgender community, thus although each experienced the same socialization process, the result of self-concept would be differ from one another.
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Das, Sai Chandan, Deep Shikha, Sudip Bhattacharya e Richa Sinha. "A Narrative Review on Priorities of Mental Health Issues among Transgenders: “So Near, Yet so Far”". Indian Journal of Community Health 35, n.º 1 (31 de março de 2023): 09–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i01.003.
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In recent years there is a rapid rise in coming out of sexual and gender minority adults to their family members and society. Unfortunately, studies on unmet health needs of transgenders with a special focus to mental health is under-researched in India. The current paper aimed to explore about the mental health of transgenders and a literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for the following medical subject headings (MeSH) key terms “transgender”, “mental Health”, “social stigma”, “LGBT”, “gender dysphoria”, “genderqueer”, “intersex”, “MSM”, “hijra”, “gay”, “lesbian”, “bisexual”, and “homosexual”. Transgender individuals were found to show high rates of mental health concerns. The most common mental health problems that we have shown in this review article are depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, suicidal attempts and bipolar disorders. Transgender people are at more risk for mental health problems than their heterogenous counterparts. The intervention program to eliminate or reduce these problems needs to be planned carefully, considering all the determinants.
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Pohjanen, Aira Maria, e Terttu Anna Maarit Kortelainen. "Transgender information behaviour". Journal of Documentation 72, n.º 1 (11 de janeiro de 2016): 172–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-04-2015-0043.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore information behaviour and the information barriers transgendered people encounter. This study produces new information about the information needs in the construction of the transgendered identity, the changing of the information needs during this phase, utilized information sources, information sharing and barriers encountered in the information behaviour displayed by transgendered people. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the information behaviour of 12 transgendered participants. This study represents a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. A qualitative content analysis was used in analysing the data with categories derived from previous research and research questions. Findings – Serendipity played an important role at the beginning of the participants’ information seeking phase: the young individual would not have terms corresponding to his or her experience because of the invisibility of the transgender phenomenon in the culture. The barriers to seeking information were psychological, demographic, role-related or interpersonal, environmental or source characteristic. Fear was apparent as a barrier in the surrounding culture often caused by expectations, attitudes in the family environment and people around. Source characteristic barriers were related to the lack of terms and vocabulary required to seek information and also the lack of the information itself. Information about transgender and gender minorities was essential in building up a clear gender identity, and the most relevant information sources of this sort of information this were other transgendered people and the experience-based information they had shared. Originality/value – The information behaviour of transgendered people has not been previously studied. In this study a model of information behaviour and information barriers was made. The model includes individual’s information practices, sources of information and also the barriers affecting information behaviour.
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Javaid, Rabbia, Asma Khalid e Shoaib Akhtar. "Suicidal ideation and self-harm in transgender youth; role of social exclusion". Rehman Journal of Health Sciences 2, n.º 2 (9 de fevereiro de 2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52442/rjhs.v2i2.45.
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Introduction: Transgender community across the world is extremely vulnerable for abuse, discrimination and violence. This vulnerability leads the transgender community towards suicidal ideation and self-harm. This paper attempts to study the phenomenon of social exclusion and how it relates to suicidal ideation and self-harm amongst the transgender youth living and working in a society. Material & Methods: The study adopted qualitative approach using document analysis, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion. Interviews and focus group discussion were held with twenty-six respondents selected through snowball sampling technique. Results: The results indicated that transgender community was prone to suicidal ideation and self-harm tendencies. Loneliness, gender identity crises, police behavior and bad attitude of gurus were some of the contributing factors to suicidal ideation in the studied group of transgenders. Conclusion: The biggest reason among transgender for suicidal ideation is their gender identity having the concept of 'incomplete life'. The ambiguous gender identity of studied transgender has more suicidal ideation in them than their normal counterparts. The behavior of their families and unsuccessful relationships are the strong predictors of self-harm in them.
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Davidson, Travis William. "A Review of Transgender Health in Canada". University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine 5, n.º 2 (2 de novembro de 2015): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/uojm.v5i2.1280.
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ABSTRACT:Transgendered individuals are defined by having a gender identity different from their birth gender. These individuals form a prevalent distinct group within the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transsexual (LGBT) community that has specific health needs. The goal of the current work is to identify the health needs affecting transgendered individuals in order to guide potential health interventions to ameliorate their well-being. Transgendered individuals often experience elevated rates of social stigma, discrimination and prejudice, which can alienate them from other members of society including family members and health care professionals. This can have negative effects on their employment and socioeconomic status and may even render them targets of hate crimes. The combination of these factors can have significant ill effects on the physical and mental health of transgendered individuals. For example, high rates of depression and anxiety are observed within this population with a reported suicide attempt rate of over 30%. Transgendered individuals are also at high risk of being infected with HIV, with those having undergone the transition from male to female (MTF) being most affected. Although Canada is ahead of the curve in equal rights pertaining to the LGBT community compared to many countries worldwide that still have anti-homosexual legislation, there still exists a considerable amount of stigma around the transgendered community. There is a need to educate the population at large to combat social stigma in order to reduce discrimination, increase social support, improve access to health services and ultimately improve the physical and mental wellbeing of transgendered people.RÉSUMÉ:Les personnes transgenres sont définies comme ayant une identité de genre différente de leur sexe de naissance. Ces personnes forment un groupe distinct au sein de la communauté des lesbiennes, gais, bisexuels et transsexuels (LGBT), ayant des besoins de santé spécifiques. Le but du travail actuel est d’identifier les besoins de santé touchant les personnes transgenres afin de guider les interventions de santé potentielles pour améliorer leur bien-être. Les personnes transgenres éprouvent souvent des taux élevés de stigmatisation sociale, de discrimination et de préjugés, ce qui peut les aliéner des autres membres de la société y compris les membres de leur famille et des professionnels de soins de santé. Cela peut avoir des effets négatifs sur leur emploi et leur statut socioéconomique et peut même les rendre cibles de crimes haineux. La combinaison de ces facteurs peut avoir des effets néfastes importants sur la santé physique et mentale des personnes transgenres. Par exemple, des taux élevés de dépression et d’anxiété sont observés dans cette population avec un taux de tentative de suicide déclaré de plus de 30%. Les personnes transgenres sont également à risque élevé d’être infectées par le VIH, celles ayant subi la transition d’homme à femme (MTF) étant les plus touchés. Bien que le Canada soit en avance dans l’égalité des droits se rapportant à la communauté LGBT par rapport à de nombreux pays à travers le monde, il existe encore une quantité considérable de stigmatisation qui entoure la communauté transgenre. Il est nécessaire d’éduquer la population dans son ensemble à lutter contre la stigmatisation sociale afin de réduire la discrimination, d’accroître le soutien social, d’améliorer l’accès aux services de santé et, finalement, d’améliorer le bien-être physique et mental des personnes transgenres.
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Lak, Tauqeer Ahmed, Muhammad Zainul Abidin e Tabassum Razzaq. "Marginalizing Marginalized Individuals: A Study on the Transition of Transgender People as they Age in the State of Punjab". March 3, n.º 1 (31 de março de 2024): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.61503/cissmp.v3i1.112.
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Transgender individuals in Pakistan encounter distinct societal and economic barriers, which become particularly severe as they age. The elders in this neighborhood face various family and social challenges, health issues, housing limits, and economic concerns that are seldom acknowledged or resolved. This study aims to investigate the challenges faced by elderly transgender individuals within society. The researcher utilized qualitative study to investigate the issues, requirements, and worries of elderly transgender individuals. The researcher employed narrative inquiry to gain a profound grasp of the issue by utilizing storytelling. A purposive sampling technique was used to choose an 11-person sample size, which was then reachable using snowball sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to gather the data, and theme analysis was then used to analyze it. The study revealed that the elderly face challenges such as acceptance, discrimination, housing, employment, family and societal rejection, health issues, and lack of caregiving in old age. The researcher suggests that the state should promptly implement a policy to protect transgenders, especially senior transgenders, by offering free health services in specialized units at hospitals, providing free housing, and giving them a stipend determined by the state to prevent feelings of frustration, isolation, and degradation in their old age. The researcher emphasized the need of studying these communities to gain insight into the lives of marginalized transgender individuals.
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Saqib, Alizeh, e Huzaifa Saqib. "Efficacy of gender-affirming therapy for transgender people in Pakistan". Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, n.º 12 (28 de novembro de 2023): 2523. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.9706.
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Dear Editor, According to the 2017 census of Pakistan, the transgender population has been estimated to be around 10,000. In contrast transgender activists speculate that the number may be closer to 300,000.1 Regardless of the number, the controversy surrounding transgenders, and their healthcare, has risen to the forefront of our society in the past several years. This was further fueled by the Transgender Rights Act of 2018 in Pakistan, which promised access to gender-affirming healthcare. The importance of providing gender-affirming healthcare to transgender individuals is underscored by the potential positive impact on their mental health, as demonstrated by studies conducted in the US. These studies have shown improved mental health outcomes, such as decreased suicidality and psychological distress, for transgender people who are undergoing, or have experienced, certain procedures.2, 3 These procedures, in the US, involve psychological help, gender-affirming hormones, surgery, and puberty blockers.4 Despite the 2018 bill’s promise to deliver trans-centred healthcare, a thorough investigation of the current literature reveals that no studies regarding the efficacy of these treatments have been conducted on the transgender population of Pakistan. While the validity of US-centred studies isn’t denied, Pakistan’s social and religious climate may demonstrate differing effects on their mental health. The quality of healthcare is further questioned after the proposed changes to the Transgender Persons Rights Act of 2018. These amendments would replace the term “transgender” with “intersex”,5 excluding transgender people with unambiguous genitalia and drastically reducing their access to healthcare. As the social climate heats up, trans people risk further discrimination. Therefore, it’s essential that researches be conducted to observe and test the impact of the current healthcare on transgender people, as it would highlight any gaps in the medical understanding of gender dysphoria, offer constructive criticism to help improve the state of healthcare, reduce healthcare discrimination, and aid the passing of more inclusive laws. We hope that studies will be undertaken on this issue to eventually create a healthier, safer space for transgender population.
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Azam, Shaza, e Sumaira Ayub. "Self-Objectification, Internalized Transphobia and Psychological Distress in Male-to-Female Transgenders". Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology 4, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2023): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52053/jpap.v4i2.168.
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The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-objectification, internalized transphobia, and psychological distress in male-to-female (MtF) transgenders. It was hypothesized that: 1) there would be a positive relationship between self-objectification, internalized transphobia, and psychological distress in male-to-female (MtF) transgenders; and 2) Self-objectification and internalized transphobia would predict the psychological distress in MtF transgenders. A correlational research design was used. A sample comprising of 136 MtF transgenders with an age range of 19-55 years (M = 34.46, SD = 9.09) were approached by employing purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from Fountain House and the Khawaja Sira Society of Lahore. A self-constructed demographic information sheet, Urdu versions of Self-objectification Questionnaire, Transgender Identity Scale, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used for assessment. The results exhibited a positive relationship between self-objectification, internalized transphobia, and psychological distress in MtF transgenders. Furthermore, the results also displayed that self-objectification and pride and shame related internalized transphobia positively predicted the psychological distress in MtF transgenders. This study will contribute towards the development of program that will ensure lesser distress and improved quality life for the transgender communities.
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Gavin, Diane. "Transgender Lives, Transgender Cultures". Journal of Psychological Issues in Organizational Culture 6, n.º 1 (abril de 2015): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpoc.21172.
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Anita, V. S. "The Concomitant Subversion of the Gender Binary through the Assertion of Transgender Identity: A Study of Manobi Bandyopadhyay’s A Gift of Goddess Lakshmi". SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, n.º 1 (29 de janeiro de 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i1.10877.
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In their attempt at gender identity assertion, the transgendered simultaneously subvert the gender binary norm. The reclamation of one’s gender identity aids the transgender individual to correct the biological mishap that results in a female psyche trapped in a male body and vice versa. The intense psychological conflict and the horrific transphobic violence from family and society, often drives the transgendered to suicide. Lisa R Miller and Eric Anthony Grollman in “The Social Costs of Gender Non-Conformity for Transgender Adults: Implications for Discrimination and Health” claim that the 2008 NTDS (the National Transgender Discrimination Survey) proves that frequent stigmatization and assault often drives the identity minorities towards substance abuse, alcoholism and/or suicide (Sociological, 826). However, the accomplishment of gender identity transforms the hitherto diffident individual to express oneself fully and articulate his/her personality in its entirety. Manobi Bandyopadyay’s A Gift of Goddess Lakshmicharts her struggle to become the woman in her mind in the face of ridicule and harassment from the academic circle. Her determination and persistence to assert herself paved her way to become the first transgender principal in India. Therefore it may be assumed that the subversion of normative dichotomy of gender results in the establishment of the transgendered’s true gender, which assists in the expression of one’s personality.
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Istigfari, Salsabila Nur, e Elis Hartati. "Hubungan antara Konsep Diri dengan Depresi pada Transgender: Kajian Literatur". Holistic Nursing and Health Science 4, n.º 1 (8 de junho de 2021): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/hnhs.4.1.2021.44-55.
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Introduction: Transgenders have a high risk of depression caused by self-concept. the complex aspect of self-concept has led to different results among researchers in examining the relationship between self-concept and depression experienced by transgender. The purpose of this study was to strengthen evidence on the relationship between self-concept and depression in transgender.Method: This study uses a literature review method. Articles searched through Google Scholar, Cambridge, Clinical Key, NCBI, MDPI, and Science Direct. Articles were selected based on several criteria including: research with a minimum sample of 15 transgender, publication year 2011-2020, written in Indonesian or English, and full text articles. Quality assessment as a method to assess the relevance of the journals. Results: Eleven articles were selected based on the sample criteria, but only 7 articles were relevant to be reviewed. The results of the synthesis show that there is a relationship between self-concept and depression in transgender people. The level of depression in transgender is influenced by several factors, including: lack of social support, low self-esteem, body image dissatisfaction, lack of coping skills, social and emotional loneliness, and low sexual satisfaction.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between self-concept and depression in transgender people, but there is no strong evidence that proves the influence of organizational involvement on self-concept in transgender.
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M, Chellamuthu. "Identities of Transgender People in Ancient Tamil Literature". International Research Journal of Tamil 5, n.º 1 (21 de fevereiro de 2023): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt23111.
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In human society, it is natural to see two genders, male and female. It is somewhat surprising that the work of transgender people, who can be called the third gender, is somewhat surprising. In the Mahabharatam, the story of the birth of a transsexual is extended. In nature's creation, we find these people incarnated as transsexuals in practical life. The records of transgenders can be found in abundance in Sangam literary grammar. Transgender people, who have been marginalized in society, are denied the right to participate in public. Transgenders living in small groups in the human community have been ridiculed as "identityless." This is the situation today. In the Sangam literary records, their identity has been recognized socially. It can be said that their contribution to the level of education is low. Transgenders, who are marginalized people, are more likely to be rejected at all levels. Since they lacked the right to education, there was no context in grammatical and literary fiction in which the pedis (hermaphrodites), the transgenders, could register their right to life. No one comes forward to help in public, fearing that if they raise their voice for them, they will be respected as untouchables in society. This denial is also a contemporary phenomenon. As a result, it is necessary to compile how third-gender identities are recorded in the literary field. Transgenders, also known as hermaphrodites, exist as records in literary life. The location of such people's lives is clearly visible in grammatical and literary fiction.
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Ratnawati, Ratnawati. "The Success of Transgenders In The Election Process For Public Officials: A Public Policy Reform In Indonesia". Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 2, n.º 12 (20 de dezembro de 2022): 2743–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v2i12.658.
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This study aimed to examine transgender people's success in Indonesia's election for public officials. This victory is the first that happened in the country’s public officials election. As transgenders face discriminative acts which impede their public opportunities, it is interesting to investigate the factors contributing to this election victory. This is a public policy reform in Indonesia. This present study incorporated a focus group discussion (FGD) approach and in-depth interviews. Thirty-two key informants were selected, followed by document reviews. The results showed that the transgender success in elections for public officials is due to utilizing the shift in the heteronormative habitus in society, the possessed capital, and the social domain by building relationships and communication between organizations and institutions. This study contributes to empirical evidence that transgender people could win the election for public officials in a society that firmly holds the values of first and second or male and female gender identity. Practically, it provides input to policymakers to make requirements as public officials limited to men and women and also include transgender as a third gender identity.
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Fitria, Vany, Desika Putri Mardiani e Abdulsalam Aderibigbe. "The Public Perceptions of Transgender Identity as 'the Other' in Social Media". Jurnal Riset Komunikasi 7, n.º 1 (14 de março de 2024): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.38194/jurkom.v7i1.990.
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Waria also known as transgender women, despite consistent exclusion from society, are becoming increasingly visible in Indonesia during the era of globalization. In recent years, they have gained more popularity by leveraging the rapid development of social media. This study aims to critically examine public perceptions of transgender, using the case of one of Indonesia's most famous transgender figures, Lucinta Luna. The researcher analyses Instagram users’ comments on her account, as a representation of how the public responds to Luna's identity as a transgender. This study utilizes a qualitative approach and thematic analysis as the analytical method. To analyze the data, this research uses Computer-Aided Qualitative Analysis Software (CAQDAS) NVivo 12. Furthermore, this study adopts Hall's theory of 'the other' to critically examine how Indonesians respond to transgenders. This research found that two significant themes emerged from overall Instagram users' comments on Luna's identity, which are negative and positive public perceptions. In both themes, three sub-themes emerged: sarcasm, religious criticism, and sexual harassment in the negative theme, and admiration, comedy, and a supportive attitude in the positive theme.
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Marlow, Katie, Belinda Winder e Helen Jane Elliott. "Working with transgendered sex offenders: prison staff experiences". Journal of Forensic Practice 17, n.º 3 (10 de agosto de 2015): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-02-2015-0013.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the experiences of staff working with transgendered sex offenders in a prison setting. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilised a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews used to explore the experiences of staff working with transgendered sexual offenders (n=6). Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings – Three themes were identified in the data. The first relates to how staff become educated on transgender issues and the content of this information. The second describes situations in which boundaries are overstepped by both transgender offenders and others in the prison. The third relates to the ways in which staff manage change, such as tailoring treatment to specific needs and being mindful of what adaptations may be required. Research limitations/implications – The main drawback of this research was the limited sample; female prison staff. Future research should expand this sample to encompass male staff and staff working in alternate category prisons. Practical implications – The research illustrates the utility of staff collaboration with transgendered sex offenders on transgender issues but also suggests some additional guidance is required when it comes to determining the boundaries. Staff may also benefit from more education on the possible ways in which a transgendered identity can impact on criminogenic needs. Originality/value – The present research offers insight into the current state of care and management of transgendered offenders in custody and the nature of interactions between staff and this minority group. At present, there is limited research in this area.
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Rani, Nitya, e Anand A. Samuel. "Reducing transphobia: comparing the efficacy of direct and indirect contact". Industrial and Commercial Training 51, n.º 7/8 (7 de outubro de 2019): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-12-2018-0102.
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Purpose The transgender community faces prejudice and stigma and is one of the most ostracised groups in society. One of the ways to reduce prejudice is through intergroup contact. This may be achieved through direct or indirect contact. The purpose of this paper is to compare the impact of direct and indirect contact on reducing transphobia. Design/methodology/approach Direct contact was achieved through a transgender speaker panel and indirect contact involved a video presentation. In total, 159 students enroled in undergraduate courses at a prominent university in India were enlisted for this study. Perceptions regarding transgenders were measured using the genderism and transphobia scale. Perceptions were measured at three different time points – before the contact, immediately after the contact and one month post contact. Findings Results indicate that both direct and indirect contact cause a significant immediate decrease in transphobia at the post intervention stage. However, only direct contact caused significant reduction at the follow-up stage (one month after the intervention). Direct contact also effected a greater reduction in transphobia than indirect contact. Research limitations/implications This study extends previous research that shows that speaker panels involving sexual minority speakers can result in reducing stigma (e.g. Croteau and Kusek, 1992). The present study shows that such speaker panels can also be useful for reducing stigma against transgender individuals. Another important outcome of this study is the relative effectiveness of direct contact in reducing transphobia compared to indirect contact. Direct contact resulted in greater reduction in transphobia both at the post-test and follow-up stages compared to indirect contact. Practical implications The results of this study may benefit HR practitioners and policy makers in designing workplace initiatives and policies in creating an inclusive workplace. This study shows that meaningful interaction with transgenders would be a key step in reducing stigmatisation. Since direct contact is rarely expensive or time consuming, it can be a valuable tool to improve the integration of transgender individuals within society. Therefore, students and employees may be encouraged to interact with transgender individuals through panel discussions and workshops. Indirect contact may be used as a preliminary intervention in certain cases where direct contact may be difficult to organise. Social implications The stigma faced by transgender individuals has a significant negative impact on their quality of life (Grant et al., 2014; Reisner and Juntunen, 2015). It is, therefore, necessary to recognise and reduce prejudice against transgenders at both the college and school levels as well as in work organisations. Educators and managers have a significant role to play in this societal change. This study shows that stigma reduction can be achieved in a fairly simple way through contact theory. Originality/value This study is one of the first to investigate Indian students’ perceptions of transgenders. It improves on earlier studies using similar interventions in two main ways. First, this study includes a follow-up assessment, which was not performed in most studies. Second, random assignment of participants to one of two conditions improves the reliability of the findings.
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Yusuf, Nasruddin, Evra Willya, Ahmad Rajafi e Irfan Djabli. "Islamic Legal Status on Hajj for Transgender People according to Muslim Scholars in North Sulawesi". Mazahib 21, n.º 1 (11 de julho de 2022): 29–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/mj.v21i1.4280.
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Abstract
This study investigates the perceptions of scholars concerning transgender people's legal status on their Hajj ritual validity. In North Sulawesi, seven scholars are considered the opinion-makers and authorities following their understanding of Hajj ritual procedures in Islamic law. The data were analyzed using qualitative methods through interviews and the needs theory by al-Shāṭibī, Ibn Khaldun, and Maslow. The results showed that the gender status of those yet to transition remains original. In contrast, the transitioned transgenders’ status should change to the original law following the court's decision. Second, the scholars approved Hajj rituals for those yet to transition because they had their actual gender and sex. Furthermore, Hajj rituals for transgenders were also legally acceptable in Islamic law following the new status exception by the court. The transgenders' Hajj rituals are valid based on their initial gender or the court's decision. The hajj practices are invalid for those who illegally transition or without court approval.
Keywords: Hajj conception, Hajj rituals, transgender people, Ulama in North Sulawesi, Manado.
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Majeed, Muhammad Faisal, e Farhan Navid Yousaf. "Effect of Personal-Networking and Social Exclusion on Social Well- Being among Transgenders". Global Sociological Review VI, n.º IV (30 de dezembro de 2021): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-iv).06.
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The present research was aimed to find the association between personal networking, social exclusion,and social well being among transgenders. Under the quantitative approach of study, the correlational design of there search was employed to evaluate the affiliation amid personal networking and social well being. Systematic sampling techniques and strategy were used to collect data of 350 transgender people having age ranges (18-60) years from four different zones of Lahore, the capital city of Punjab province, in Pakistan. Sample size, inclusion, and exclusion characteristics were considered while selecting a sample of the study. De Jong Gierveld Scale for social well being was used to measure various attributes of the social circle. A merged scale of Russel for loneliness, personal networking,and Lubben Social Networking scale was used to measure the personal networking of Transgender. The prejudice social exclusion scale was used to measure experiences of social exclusion from their own families and society/public by the Transgender. All three scales had excellent reliability and validity. Results will be implemented to interventional plans to increase social acceptance and contributions of Transgender towards society to increase their set-worth and confidence.
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Safiullah, Muhammad, Nimra Saleem e Bilal Khan. "Social Tribal Values: Thematic Investigation of Patriarchy in “The Wandering Falcon”". Global Sociological Review VI, n.º II (30 de junho de 2021): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-ii).11.
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The present research was aimed to find the association between personal networking, social exclusion,and social well being among transgenders. Under the quantitative approach of study, the correlational design of the research was employed to evaluate the affiliation amid personal networking and social well being. Systematic sampling techniques and strategy were used to collect data of 350 transgender people having age ranges (18-60) years from four different zones of Lahore, the capital city of Punjab province, in Pakistan. Sample size, inclusion, and exclusion characteristics were considered while selecting a sample of the study. De Jong Gierveld Scale for social well being was used to measure various attributes of the social circle. A merged scale of Russel for loneliness, personal networking,and Lubben Social Networking scale was used to measure the personal networking of Transgender. The prejudice social exclusion scale was used to measure experiences of social exclusion from their own families and society/public by the Transgender. All three scales had excellent reliability and validity. Results will be implemented to interventional plans to increase social acceptance and contributions of Transgender towards society to increase their set-worth and confidence.
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Ruffell, Isabel. "Poetics, Perversions, and Passing: Approaching the Transgender Narratives of Thesmophoriazousai". Illinois Classical Studies 45, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2020): 333–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illiclasstud.45.2.0333.
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Abstract Aristophanes’s Thesmophoriazousai offers a complex engagement with transgender identity and practice. It explores up to seven different transgendered modes through a variety of motivations and audience response. While embracing fictional/dramatic performance, these modes are best understood within the larger social and cultural framework that the play directly and indirectly suggests. Perched, like much Old Comedy, on the horns of social conservatism and conceptual flexibility, but also acknowledging a broad transgender continuum, the play’s creative tension allows for it to be recuperated and re-used by queer audiences and readers.
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Yadukumar, Lekha, Yuvaraj Singh, Neethi Dasu, Yaser Khalid e Maya Gogtay. "Beyond the binary: Analysis of esophageal cancer hospitalizations in the transgender population, a national inpatient sample study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, n.º 16_suppl (1 de junho de 2023): e18888-e18888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e18888.
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e18888 Background: Transgenders are individuals with a gender identity that differs from their sex at the time of birth. Over > 1.6 million adults identify themselves as transgender in the US, of which 39% are women and 36% are men. While gender differences in cancer prevalence have been well established between men and women, very few studies evaluate the prevalence of cancer in patients who identify as transgender people. We aimed to evaluate the trends of esophageal cancer admission hospitalizations in the transgender population compared to the general population. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of the data obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Data were sampled from 2015 to 2020 utilizing the ICD-10 codes of esophageal cancer and patients( > 18 years) who identified as transgender. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were the length of stay (LOS) and total costs in the hospital, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio. Results: A total of 212,425 patients with esophageal cancer were admitted between 2015- 2020, of which 97,950 were transgender. The mean age was 33 vs. 34 years in the general population. Both groups were predominantly Caucasian (65% vs. 68%), followed by African Americans (15.2% vs. 5.2%). Median household income (MHI) in transgender people was commonly in the lower quartile (27.8%). In cisgender patients, 37% had a MHI in the 26th-50th followed by 26% in the 76th-100th percentile. Inpatient mortality in transgender patients with esophageal cancer was OR = 5.1[1.8-8.3] (p < 0.05). The average LOS was higher in the transgender population by 2.15 days [1.1-3.1](p < 0.05). Increased LOS in teaching hospitals by 1.3 days [1.08- 1.59] (p < 0.001) and larger hospitals by 1.4 days [0.51- 2.28] (p < 0.001) was observed. The total cost of admission was significantly different in teaching hospitals ($27,774, p < 0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference between the inpatient outcomes of transgender and the general population. Despite the markedly low representation of transgender people in the national cancer registries, they experienced an increased mean length of stay and mortality compared to cisgenders with esophageal cancer. Further investigation is required to determine the cause of disparity in healthcare utilization amongst the gender-diverse population. [Table: see text]
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Pratiwi, Chaterina Janes, Ika Ainur Rofi'ah, Arief Andriyanto, Enny Virda Yuniarti, Agung Waluyo e Sri Yona. "PHENOMENOLOGY STUDY : HIV PATIENT EXPERIENCE TRANSVESTITE TO FULFILL SPIRITUAL NEED". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) 3, n.º 3 (18 de dezembro de 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2019/vol3/iss3/204.
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The prevalence of HIV cases increases significantly in the vulnerable population; it is Transvestite. The high prevalence of HIV in transgenders requires treatment and treatment services. However, until now the transgender community is a group that is often not served in various health facilities. Transvestite identity intersections produce unique life experiences, such as multiple identities and spiritual identities. The purpose of the study was to explore the experience of transgender HIV patients when hospitalized in fulfilling spiritual needs. Research method with qualitative design phenomenology study approach. This study involved 12 transvestite participants who had been hospitalized because of HIV positive. Retrieving data using in-depth interviews, data analysis using Colaizzi. The results of the study found four themes namely (1) Spiritual according to HIV patients transvestites means believing in the existence of God; (2) Be grateful for the conditions they have; (3) get closer to God by doing good things; (4) Poor nurse services for transgender HIV patients.
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Ehrenfeld, Jesse M., Keanan Gabriel Gottlieb, Lauren Brittany Beach, Shelby E. Monahan e Daniel Fabbri. "Development of a Natural Language Processing Algorithm to Identify and Evaluate Transgender Patients in Electronic Health Record System". Ethnicity & Disease 29, Supp2 (13 de junho de 2019): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.29.s2.441.
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Objective: To create a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to identify transgender patients in electronic health records.Design: We developed an NLP algorithm to identify patients (keyword + billing codes). Patients were manually reviewed, and their health care services categorized by billing code.Setting: Vanderbilt University Medical CenterParticipants: 234 adult and pediatric transgender patientsMain Outcome Measures: Number of transgender patients correctly identified and categorization of health services utilized.Results: We identified 234 transgender patients of whom 50% had a diagnosed mental health condition, 14% were living with HIV, and 7% had diabetes. Largely driven by hormone use, nearly half of patients attended the Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism clinic. Many patients also attended the Psychiatry, HIV, and/or Obstetrics/Gynecology clinics. The false positive rate of our algorithm was 3%.Conclusions: Our novel algorithm correctly identified transgender patients and provided important insights into health care utilization among this marginalized population. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 2): 441-450. doi:10.18865/ed.29.S2.441
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Bramwell, Jack, e Sarah Seymour-Smith. "‘I think much of the reason I can accept this relationship is because I am able to see her as a woman’: A discursive analysis of transgender partnership ‘coming to terms’ talk in an online forum". Social Psychological Review 14, n.º 2 (2012): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsspr.2012.14.2.3.
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The heterosexual romantic partnership offers a pivotal means through which many transgendered people are avowed and accepted within their transitioned sex. Yet despite the heteronormative status of such relationships it is unclear what complications may exist regarding the avowal of transgender legitimacy given that transitioning sex is counter-intuitive to notions of heteronormativity. Using discursive psychology, we examined a ‘coming to terms’ account from a heterosexual (non-transitioning) male in an online forum who was currently involved with a male-to-female transgendered woman. We found that ‘coming to terms’ was couched in heteronormative preferences whereby subsequent acceptance of the relationship celebrated, but constrained, the legitimacy of a transitioned female partner. The partner’s womanhood was thus positioned as temporary and a masquerade. Our findings highlight the active means through which transgender legitimacy is undermined, and how the partner enacts a gate-keeping role which limits transgendered participation within the relationship. Future directions for subsequent inquiry are also discussed.
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Rahman, Mantaka, Ummul Khair Alam, Ciptasari Prabawanti, Sathi Dastider, Ajmari Sharmin e Afroza Tamanna Shimu. "HIV-Related Knowledge and Health Care Seeking Barriers among Transgender Individuals in a Megacity of Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study". Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Medical and Health Science Study 5, n.º 1 (22 de maio de 2024): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrmhss.v5i1.424.
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The prevalence of HIV among Transgender is 1% in Bangladesh while only 0.9% in Dhaka City.Being minority group barriers faced by transgenders for healthcare-seeking are major public health concerns. Thus, the study aims to find out the HIV-related knowledge and health care seeking barriers among transgender individuals in dhaka city. This was a cross-sectional study purposively selecting 135 transgender from Drop-in-center and three Hijra pollis of Dhaka City. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire containing a Likert scale regarding HIV-related knowledge. Majority were professional sex sellers including 54.10% having irregular sexual clients while 48.9% had been engaged in sex work for more than 10 years. Although more than half (57%) had good HIV-related knowledge. Only one-third (37.30%) sometimes used barrier method and more than half (58%) had knowledge of HIV symptoms. The barriers were negligence (16%), inconvenient location (12.43%), shame (13.45%), judgment (11.68%), fear (7.60%) and long waiting time (8.10%). Transgenders from Drop-in-center had higher HIV-related knowledge compared to ones from hijra pollis [t (95% CI)=.168, p<.001]. Those having HIV-related higher knowledge did not feel the necessity of isolated health corners [t (95% CI)= -3.799, p<.001]. Although DIC provides healthcare services, but existing facilities barriers need to be addressed to extend health services.