Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Traitement des signaux physiologiques"
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Chantaf, Samer. "Biométrie par signaux physiologiques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1009/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn general, biometrics aims to identify individuals from their biological characteristics. This practice tends to replace the traditional methods of identity verification of individuals, among others, passwords and security codes. Nowadays, biometrics found wide application and research of new biometric methods is topical. The objective of this thesis is to develop and evaluate new biometric methods based on tamper-proof characteristics that can not be changed voluntarily. In this context, the physiological signals are considered. Thus, we proposed three methods of biometric identification. The first method uses the electrocardiogram (ECG) as individual signature, while the second is based on the use of surface electromyography signals (EMG) in response to a force of fixed intensity. The final technique explored, uses the motor responses obtained after electrical stimulation. These methods consist first to acquire the physiological signals in healthy people. These signals are modeled by wavelets networks to extract relevant features. The identification phase is performed automatically by neural networks. According to the results obtained from experiments performed, the proposed methods lead to interesting performance identification. The first method, using the electro-cardiographic signal, achieves a recognition rate of 92%, while the identification by EMG signals, in response to a force of a fixed intensity, allows a correct identification of 80 %. Finally, a performance of 95% is obtained by identification by motor response. For these three techniques explored, the robustness to noise ratio was studied
Ranta, Radu. "Traitement et analyse de signaux sonores physiologiques : application à la phonoentérographie". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005906.
Texto completo da fonteLouis-Dorr, Valérie. "Contribution au traitement et à l'analyse de signaux issus de processus physiologiques". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345985.
Texto completo da fonteBuard, Benjamin. "Contribution à la compréhension des signaux de fluxmétrie laser Doppler : traitement des signaux et interprétations physiologiques". Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584166.
Texto completo da fonteAassif, El Houcein. "Analyse de signaux physiologiques. Evaluation et implementation de methodes de traitement automatique de signaux de manometrie digestive". Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10142.
Texto completo da fonteBruno, Stéphane. "Modélisation de signaux physiologiques en vue d'une classification automatique du sommeil". Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S002.
Texto completo da fonteBruno, Stéphane Scalart Pascal. "Modélisation de signaux physiologiques en vue d'une classification automatique du sommeil". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2006/bruno.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteTruong, Charles. "Détection de ruptures multiples – application aux signaux physiologiques". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN030/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis work addresses the problem of detecting multiple change points in (univariate or multivariate) physiological signals. Well-known examples of such signals include electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), inertial measurements (acceleration, angular velocities, etc.). The objective of this thesis is to provide change point detection algorithms that (i) can handle long signals, (ii) can be applied on a wide range of real-world scenarios, and (iii) can incorporate the knowledge of medical experts. In particular, a greater emphasis is placed on fully automatic procedures which can be used in daily clinical practice. To that end, robust detection methods as well as supervised calibration strategies are described, and a documented open-source Python package is released.The first contribution of this thesis is a sub-optimal change point detection algorithm that can accommodate time complexity constraints while retaining most of the robustness of optimal procedures. This algorithm is sequential and alternates between the two following steps: a change point is estimated then its contribution to the signal is projected out. In the context of mean-shifts, asymptotic consistency of estimated change points is obtained. We prove that this greedy strategy can easily be extended to other types of changes, by using reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. Thanks this novel approach, physiological signals can be handled without making assumption of the generative model of the data. Experiments on real-world signals show that those approaches are more accurate than standard sub-optimal algorithms and faster than optimal algorithms.The second contribution of this thesis consists in two supervised algorithms for automatic calibration. Both rely on labeled examples, which in our context, consist in segmented signals. The first approach learns the smoothing parameter for the penalized detection of an unknown number of changes. The second procedure learns a non-parametric transformation of the representation space, that improves detection performance. Both supervised procedures yield finely tuned detection algorithms that are able to replicate the segmentation strategy of an expert. Results show that those supervised algorithms outperform unsupervised algorithms, especially in the case of physiological signals, where the notion of change heavily depends on the physiological phenomenon of interest.All algorithmic contributions of this thesis can be found in ``ruptures'', an open-source Python library, available online. Thoroughly documented, ``ruptures'' also comes with a consistent interface for all methods
Escola, Henri. "Analyse et traitement de signaux physiologiques pour la mesure de l'action de substances pharmacologiques". Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD593.
Texto completo da fonteMoreau, Thomas. "Représentations Convolutives Parcimonieuses -- application aux signaux physiologiques et interpétabilité de l'apprentissage profond". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN054/document.
Texto completo da fonteConvolutional representations extract recurrent patterns which lead to the discovery of local structures in a set of signals. They are well suited to analyze physiological signals which requires interpretable representations in order to understand the relevant information. Moreover, these representations can be linked to deep learning models, as a way to bring interpretability intheir internal representations. In this disserta tion, we describe recent advances on both computational and theoretical aspects of these models.First, we show that the Singular Spectrum Analysis can be used to compute convolutional representations. This representation is dense and we describe an automatized procedure to improve its interpretability. Also, we propose an asynchronous algorithm, called DICOD, based on greedy coordinate descent, to solve convolutional sparse coding for long signals. Our algorithm has super-linear acceleration.In a second part, we focus on the link between representations and neural networks. An extra training step for deep learning, called post-training, is introduced to boost the performances of the trained network by making sure the last layer is optimal. Then, we study the mechanisms which allow to accelerate sparse coding algorithms with neural networks. We show that it is linked to afactorization of the Gram matrix of the dictionary.Finally, we illustrate the relevance of convolutional representations for physiological signals. Convolutional dictionary learning is used to summarize human walk signals and Singular Spectrum Analysis is used to remove the gaze movement in young infant’s oculometric recordings
Blonde, Jean-Philippe. "Conception d'un système automatisé d'acquisition et de traitement de signaux physiologiques : application à la rééducation des handicapés moteurs". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10082.
Texto completo da fonteMaingourd, Yves. "Traitement informatique de signaux physiologiques : application chez l'enfant à l'étude de la fonction ventriculaire par cinéangiographie et échographie". Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPS139.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work is to validate a semi-automatic signal processing system. In order to do so, we use it to compute ventricular volumes by the means of algorithms which use mono or bi-dimensional angiographic and echographic data. For angiography, the computerized polynomial conversion of the image distortion caused by the system turns out to be perfect ; it is validated by the computation (formula of the ellipsoid) of ellipsoidal castings made of aluminium. The average error is less than 4%, that is close to the minimum error due to digitizing. The overall validation of the method is performed experimentally by processing ventricular castings. The results are excellent, especially for the left ventricule. This angiographic method having so been validated, serves as an “in vivo” reference (15 children) for comparing ventricular volumes computed from angiography or from echography. The correlations are good and again better for the left ventricule. The clinical use of this reliable and easy to use system seems to be possibly implemented
Maingourd, Yves. "Traitement informatique de signaux physiologiques application chez l'enfant à l'étude de la fonction ventriculaire par cinéangiographie et échographie". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375993649.
Texto completo da fonteBlonde, Jean-Philippe. "Conception d'un système automatisé d'acquisition et de traitement de signaux physiologiques applications à la rééducation des handicapés moteurs /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611991f.
Texto completo da fonteLafoucrière, Michel. "Saisie et traitement automatique des signaux physiologiques (internes) pour la conception d'un stimulateur cardiaque implanté à fréquence asservie". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376148671.
Texto completo da fonteLamotte, Thibault. "Segmentation et exploitation de signaux physiologiques et cinématiques pour l'étude du confort postural de l'appui-tête". Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD957.
Texto completo da fonteSahki, Nassim. "Méthodologie data-driven de détection séquentielle de ruptures pour des signaux physiologiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0185.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals the problem of change-point detection in the sequential framework where the signal is assumed to be observed in real time and the phenomenon changes from its "normal" starting state to an "abnormal" post-change state. The challenge of sequential detection is to minimize the detection delay, subject to a tolerable false alarm limit. The idea is to sequentially test for the existence of a change-point by recursively writing the detection statistic as a function of the score, which replaces the Log-Likelihood Ratio when the data distribution is unknown. The detection procedure is thus based on a recursive statistic, a detection threshold and a stopping rule. In a first work, we consider the score-CUSUM statistic and propose to evaluate the detection performance of some detection thresholds. Two thresholds come from the literature, and three new thresholds are constructed by a method based on simulation: the first is constant, the second instantaneous and the third is a dynamic "data-driven" version of the previous one. We rigorously define each of the thresholds by highlighting the different notions of the controlled false alarm risk according to the threshold. Moreover, we propose a new corrected stopping rule to reduce the false alarm rate. We then perform a simulation study to compare the different thresholds and evaluate the corrected stopping rule. We find that the conditional empirical threshold is the best to minimize the detection delay while maintaining the tolerated risk of false alarms. However, on real data, we recommend using the data-driven threshold as it is the easiest to build and use for practical implementation. In the second part, we apply our data-driven detection methodology to physiological signals, namely temporal signals recorded at the level of the upper trapezium beam of 30 subjects performing different office activities. The methodology is subject-activity dependent; it includes the on-line estimation of the signal parameters and the construction of the data-driven threshold on the start of the signal of each activity of each subject. The objective was to identify regime changes during an activity in order to assess the level of muscle solicitation and EMG signal variability, which are associated with muscle fatigue. The results obtained confirmed the ease of our methodology and the performance and practicality of the proposed data-driven threshold. Subsequently, the results allowed the characterization of each type of activity using mixed models
Sharabaty, Hassan. "Diagnostic de la somnolence d'un opérateur : analyse automatique de signaux physiologiques". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00197161.
Texto completo da fonteMeyer, Christophe. "Adaptation temps réel de l'acquisition en imagerie par résonance magnétique en fonction de signaux physiologiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0272.
Texto completo da fonteCine MRI of cardiac contraction is a relatively slow imaging technique. Comparatively, patient motion, especially cardiac beating and breathing, are fast and can lead to imaging artefacts. Cardiac contraction velocity provides clinically useful information. Firstly, we have shown that making this measurement was possible using phase contrast Cine MRI, and that getting similar values as those obtained in clinical routine using cardiac echography. The condition is to reach high temporal resolution, but to do so, the acquisition duration must be longer than a breathhold. Free-breathing motion management was done by two approaches: by averaging then by motion compensation using Cine-GRICS. Secondly, in order to achieve high temporal resolution Cine reconstruction, we proposed a way to deal with changing heart rate during Cine MRI acquisition, by the construction of a patient adapted cardiac model using realtime phase contrast MRI. Finally, cardio-respiratory motion management was adapted to small animal Cine MRI thanks to IntraGate echo navigators
Meyer, Christophe. "Adaptation temps réel de l'acquisition en imagerie par résonance magnétique en fonction de signaux physiologiques". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0272/document.
Texto completo da fonteCine MRI of cardiac contraction is a relatively slow imaging technique. Comparatively, patient motion, especially cardiac beating and breathing, are fast and can lead to imaging artefacts. Cardiac contraction velocity provides clinically useful information. Firstly, we have shown that making this measurement was possible using phase contrast Cine MRI, and that getting similar values as those obtained in clinical routine using cardiac echography. The condition is to reach high temporal resolution, but to do so, the acquisition duration must be longer than a breathhold. Free-breathing motion management was done by two approaches: by averaging then by motion compensation using Cine-GRICS. Secondly, in order to achieve high temporal resolution Cine reconstruction, we proposed a way to deal with changing heart rate during Cine MRI acquisition, by the construction of a patient adapted cardiac model using realtime phase contrast MRI. Finally, cardio-respiratory motion management was adapted to small animal Cine MRI thanks to IntraGate echo navigators
Bousefsaf, Frédéric. "Mesure sans contact de l'activité cardiaque par analyse du flux vidéo issu d'une caméra numérique : extraction de paramètres physiologiques et application à l'estimation du stress". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0192.
Texto completo da fontePhotoplethysmographic (PPG) signals obtained from a webcam are analyzed through a continuous wavelet transform to assess the instantaneous pulse rate. The measurements are performed on human faces. Robust image and signal processing are introduced to collect only pixels that contain photoplethysmographic information and to remove major artifacts and trends on raw webcam PPG signals. The interbeat intervals are computed using a standard peak detection to form the instantaneous pulse rate. In addition, the respiration is recovered using the pulse rate series by respiratory sinus arrhythmia, the natural variation in pulse rate driven by the respiration. The amplitudes of the photoplethysmographic signal, which reflect relative changes in the vascular bed due to peripheral vasoconstriction or vasodilatation, are also measured. The presented algorithms are implemented on a mid-range computer and the overall method works in real-time. The performance of the proposed pulse and breathing rates assessment method was evaluated using approved contact probes on a set of 12 healthy subjects. Results show high degrees of correlation between physiological measurements even in the presence of motion. This work provides a motion-tolerant method that remotely measures the instantaneous pulse and breathing rates. Monitoring physiological signals via non-contact means presents a greater challenge in personal health care, telemedicine and affective computing. The second part of this thesis consists in assessing mental workload changes using the parameters assessed previously, i.e. the photoplethysmographic amplitude fluctuation and the pulse rate variability. These particular signals provide an estimation of the autonomic nervous system state. In order to validate the proposed method we have recorded, concurrently to the webcam curves, electrodermal activity during an interactive game that was developed to successively stress and relax the subject. We have specifically employed a computerized and interactive version of the STROOP color word test. The results exhibit a strong correlation between the webcam and contact skin conductance level traces and offer further support for the applicability of mental stress detection by remote and low-cost means, providing an alternative to conventional contact techniques
Bousefsaf, Frédéric. "Mesure sans contact de l'activité cardiaque par analyse du flux vidéo issu d'une caméra numérique : extraction de paramètres physiologiques et application à l'estimation du stress". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0192/document.
Texto completo da fontePhotoplethysmographic (PPG) signals obtained from a webcam are analyzed through a continuous wavelet transform to assess the instantaneous pulse rate. The measurements are performed on human faces. Robust image and signal processing are introduced to collect only pixels that contain photoplethysmographic information and to remove major artifacts and trends on raw webcam PPG signals. The interbeat intervals are computed using a standard peak detection to form the instantaneous pulse rate. In addition, the respiration is recovered using the pulse rate series by respiratory sinus arrhythmia, the natural variation in pulse rate driven by the respiration. The amplitudes of the photoplethysmographic signal, which reflect relative changes in the vascular bed due to peripheral vasoconstriction or vasodilatation, are also measured. The presented algorithms are implemented on a mid-range computer and the overall method works in real-time. The performance of the proposed pulse and breathing rates assessment method was evaluated using approved contact probes on a set of 12 healthy subjects. Results show high degrees of correlation between physiological measurements even in the presence of motion. This work provides a motion-tolerant method that remotely measures the instantaneous pulse and breathing rates. Monitoring physiological signals via non-contact means presents a greater challenge in personal health care, telemedicine and affective computing. The second part of this thesis consists in assessing mental workload changes using the parameters assessed previously, i.e. the photoplethysmographic amplitude fluctuation and the pulse rate variability. These particular signals provide an estimation of the autonomic nervous system state. In order to validate the proposed method we have recorded, concurrently to the webcam curves, electrodermal activity during an interactive game that was developed to successively stress and relax the subject. We have specifically employed a computerized and interactive version of the STROOP color word test. The results exhibit a strong correlation between the webcam and contact skin conductance level traces and offer further support for the applicability of mental stress detection by remote and low-cost means, providing an alternative to conventional contact techniques
Picot, Antoine. "Détection d'hypovigilance chez le conducteur par fusion d'informations physiologiques et vidéo". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0087.
Texto completo da fonteDrowsiness is the transition between the awake state and sleep where one's abilities to observe and analyse are strongly reduced. So, drowsiness is responsible for a huge number of road accidents. A drowsiness detection system is presented in this PhD. This system uses both driver's brain activity (through electroencephalogram or EEG) and driver's video analysis to detect drowsiness. A non-supervised method using a single EEG channel is first proposed. Several techniques of diagnostic and signal processing are used in this method. The method obtains good results on a large number of different drivers without tuning any parameters. Drowsiness visual indicatiors have also been studied thanks to a video analysis. The proposed video analysis has been compared to the traditional electro-oculogram (EOG) approach to study the relevance of the video analysis. This comparison highlights the need of a high frame rate camera (which frame rate can reach 200fps) for blinks characterisation. This study leads to drowsiness detection system based on blinks video characterisation. Both EEG and video methods are at last been merged using fuzzy logic to obtain a 2-levels drowsiness detection system. All these methods have been tested and validated on a consistent database of twenty different drivers which was evaluated by a specialist doctor
Picot, Antoine. "Détection d'hypovigilance chez le conducteur par fusion d'informations physiologiques et vidéo". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440959.
Texto completo da fonteMekkaoui, Choukri. "Les signaux cardiaques et vasculaires caractéristiques de l'écoulement sanguin in vivo chez le porc : acquisition, modélisation mathématique et signification physique des conséquences physiologiques des thérapeutiques interventionnelles". Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX30030.
Texto completo da fonteThe cardiac and vascular signals characteristics of blood flowing that blood pressure and flow and arterial and cardiac bending are, testify the functional systemic circulatory statement. They are the basic materials of the present study in the Swine. The aims of the thesis was to reconsider signal collections by using physical means, fitting the requirements of our interventional studies. Conditionings the signals, as we did, implied signals extractions along an averaged cardiac cycle, characteristics of the physiological circumstances. The next step dealt with the development of an identification mathematical model providing with the analytical forms in the time domain, and no longer working with discrete values. In parallel, we defined hemodynamical and mechanical parameters efficiently describing the physiological statement of the animal, and the consequences of applied therapeutics as well. We therefrom have analyzed physical and physiological meanings of cardiac and vascular signals, and rendered of pathological changes, as well as of the consequences of interventional therapeutics, whether they were endovascularly and surgically performed, as attempts of optimizing the methods
Lemaire, Jean-Jacques. "Analyse des ondes lentes de pression intracranienne chez l'homme : approche dans le domaine frequentiel : traitement du signal, aspects biophysiques, physiologiques, et physiopathologiques". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF1MM12.
Texto completo da fonteChantaf, Samer, e Samer Chantaf. "Biométrie par signaux physiologiques". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778089.
Texto completo da fonteAlata, Olivier. "Contributions à la description de signaux, d'images et de volumes par l'approche probabiliste et statistique". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Poitiers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573224.
Texto completo da fonteRivera, Florence. "Microstructures pour l'acquisition et l'interprétation de signaux physiologiques". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE19017.
Texto completo da fonteDiabetes is a consequence of the lack of glycemia regulation. One way to control this physiological data, is to implant an insulin pump coupled with a blood glucose sensor. Many algorithms provide such a coupling, however poor precision of glucose sensing can be observed in most of glucometers. Pancreatic islets act as glucose sensor in vivo, and generate electrical activity function of glucose concentration. In the order to make an on-line sensitive glucometer, we evaluate the feasibility of creating a "cell biosensor". In this purpose, we concieved 3D microelectrodes to record extracellular electrical activity of pancreatic islets
BATAILLOU, ERIC. "Analyse de signaux transitoires bruites : traitement sequentiel et traitement vectoriel. application aux signaux biomedicaux". Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE4767.
Texto completo da fonteChen, Meng. "Massive data processing and explainable machine learning in neonatal intensive care units". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS063.
Texto completo da fontePreterm infants are highly vulnerable to complications such as neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and late-onset sepsis (LOS), which pose significant challenges in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Despite advancements in neonatal care, early detection and effective management of these conditions remain difficult. Based on the CARESS-Premi project (NCT01611740), the dissertation aims to develop advanced data processing techniques and interpretable machine learning (ML) models to enhance NICU decision-making and neonatal outcomes, by leveraging non-invasive, continuous and real-time monitoring systems. The main contributions include: (i) an optimized automatic signal processing pipeline for real-life ECG analysis tailored to NICU; (ii) a patient-specific mathematical model for postnatal bilirubin dynamics characterization in preterm infants, with model parameters serving as potential biomarkers for detecting associated comorbidities; (iii) the knowledge-based non-invasive bilirubin estimation using mixed-effects ML integrating heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and physiological insights; (iv) ML models for LOS early detection using HRV analysis, proving timely alerts before clinical suspicion; (v) the design, deployment and preliminary evaluation of an on-the-edge clinical decision support system (CDSS) integrating quasi-real-time signal processing and ML models in a NICU setting. These results demonstrate the potential of combining advanced physiological signal processing with ML to optimize neonatal care
Kachenoura, Amar. "Traitement Aveugle de Signaux Biomédicaux". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359155.
Texto completo da fonteChollet, Paul. "Traitement parcimonieux de signaux biologiques". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0024/document.
Texto completo da fonteBody area sensor networks gained great focused through the promiseof better quality and cheaper medical care system. They are used todetect anomalies and treat them as soon as they arise. Sensors are under heavy constraints such as reliability, sturdiness, size and power consumption. This thesis analyzes the operations perform by a body area sensor network. The different energy requirements are evaluated in order to choose the focus of the research to improve the battery life of the sensors. A sensor for arrhythmia detection is proposed. It includes some signal processing through a clique-based neural network. The system simulations allow a classification between three types of arrhythmia with 95 % accuracy. The prototype, based on a 65 nm CMOS mixed signal circuit, requires only 1.4 μJ. To further reduce energy consumption, a new sensing method is used. A converter architecture is proposed for heart beat acquisition. Simulations and estimation show a 1.18 nJ energy requirement for parameter acquisition while offering 98 % classification accuracy. This work leads the way to the development of low energy sensor with a lifetime battery life
Fares, Fares. "Traitement des signaux Argos 4". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0024/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn our thesis, we investigate the application of multi user detection techniques to a Low Polar Orbit (LPO) satellite used in the Argos system. Argos is a global satellite-based location and data collection system dedicated for studying and protecting the environment. User platforms, each equipped with a Platform Transmitter Terminal (PTT), transmit data messages to a 850 km LPO satellite. An ARGOS satellite receives, decodes, and forwards the signals to ground stations. All PTTs transmit at random times in a 100 kHz bandwidth using different carrier frequencies. The central carrier frequency f0 is 401.65 MHz. Due to the relative motion between the satellite and the platforms, signals transmitted by PTTs are affected by both a different Doppler shift and a different propagation delay. Thus, the Argos satellite receives overlapping signals in both frequency and time domains inducing Multiple Access Interference (MAI). One common approach to mitigate the MAI problem is to implement Multi User Detection (MUD) techniques at the receiver. To tackle this problem, several MUD techniques have been proposed for the reception of synchronous and asynchronous users. In particular, the Successive Interference Cancelation (SIC) detector has been shown to offer a good optimality-complexity trade-off compared to other common approaches such as the Maximum Likelihood (ML) receiver. In an Argos SIC receiver, users are decoded in a successive manner, and the signals of successfully decoded users are subtracted from the waveform before decoding the next user. This procedure involves a parameter estimation step and the impact of erroneous parameter estimates on the performance of Argos SIC receiver has been studied. Argos SIC receiver has been shown to be both robust to imperfect amplitude and phase estimation and sensitive to imperfect time delay estimation. The last part of our work focuses on the implementation of digital estimators for the Argos system. In particular, we propose a time delay estimator, a frequency estimator, a phase estimator and an amplitude estimator. These estimators are derived from the ML principle and they have been already derived for the single user transmission. In our work, we adapt successfully these estimators for the multi user detector case. These estimators use the Non Data Aided (NDA) cases in which no a priori information for the transmitted bits is required. The performance of these different estimators are compared to the Cramer Rao Bound (CRB) values. Finally, we conclude in our work by showing the different results obtained during this dissertation. Also, we give some perspectives for future work on Argos system
Bencheikh, Kamel. "Traitement non destructif des signaux optiques". Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132046.
Texto completo da fonteMoulessehoul-Ounnas, Malika. "Conception et mise en oeuvre de l'interface d'acquisition et de transmission d'un réseau de capteurs sans fil : application à la mesure de signaux électrophysiologiques". Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR4043.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis work is a theoretical and experimental study of a universal applicationtransmission system. A wireless sensor or multi-sensor system dedicated to different low-magnitudeapplications. It is inspired from wireless networks platforms of the moderntechnological world.In this dissertation, the different reasons for the interest aroused by such a system, arepresented, we will more deeply study one of the applications of this system, namely theneurophysiological area. From the choice of the architecture and corresponding experimentalsimulations we will explain, step by step, the different phases which led us to realize theprototypes taking into account the results of each phase, then finally a comparative studyof different prototypes realized and the prospects envisaged
Kammoun, Imen. "Modélisation et détection de ruptures des signaux physiologiques issus de compétitions d'endurance". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00200441.
Texto completo da fonteHerrmann, Théodore. "Centrales de mesures numériques, longue durée, portables pour l'acquisition de signaux physiologiques". Saint-Etienne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STET4011.
Texto completo da fonteHerrmann, Théodore. "Centrales de mesures numériques, longue durée, portables pour l'acquisition de signaux physiologiques". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614286n.
Texto completo da fonteDhif, Imen. "Compression, analyse et visualisation des signaux physiologiques (EEG) appliqués à la télémédecine". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066393.
Texto completo da fonteDue to the large amount of EEG acquired over several days, an efficient compression technique is necessary. The lack of experts and the short duration of epileptic seizures require the automatic detection of these seizures. Furthermore, a uniform viewer is mandatory to ensure interoperability and a correct reading of transmitted EEG exams. The certified medical image WAAVES coder provides high compression ratios CR while ensuring image quality. During our thesis, three challenges are revealed : adapting WAAVES coder to the compression of the EEG signals, detecting automatically epileptic seizures in an EEG signal and ensure the interoperability of the displays of EEG exams. The study of WAAVES shows that this coder is unable to remove spatial correlation and to compress directly monodimensional signals. Therefore, we applied ICA to decorrelate signals, a scaling to resize decimal values, and image construction. To keep a diagnostic quality with a PDR less than 7%, we coded the residue. The proposed compression algorithm EEGWaaves has achieved CR equal to 56. Subsequently, we proposed a new method of EEG feature extraction based on a new calculation model of the energy expected measurement (EAM) of EEG signals. Then, statistical parameters were calculated and Neural Networks were applied to classify and detect epileptic seizures. Our method allowed to achieve a better sensitivity up to 100% and an accuracy of 99.44%. The last chapter details the deployment of our multiplatform display of physiological signals by meeting the specifications established by doctors. The main role of this software is to ensure the interoperability of EEG exams between healthcare centers
Bouras, Bouhafs. "Traitement du signal adapté aux signaux GPS". Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/357ad253-2be4-452d-ad4e-eb2a9e8ef7b6.
Texto completo da fonteStienne, Georges. "Traitement des signaux circulaires appliqués à l'altimétrie par la phase des signaux GNSS". Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00980907.
Texto completo da fontePrieto, Guerrero Alfonso. "Compression de signaux biomédicaux". Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT032H.
Texto completo da fonteMeste, Olivier. "Contribution à l'analyse de signaux non-stationnaires : application à l'étude de signaux biomédicaux". Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE4585.
Texto completo da fonteThe non stationary signals wich are the subject of the thesis are first considered from a general point of view and processed through a time-frequency approach ; further, repetitive non stationary signals are studied by means of signal averaging. Studying non stationary signals using time-frequency representations makes it possible to observe signal spectral variations in function of time. Some methods belonging to Cohen's class have been studied and improved ; for this, they have been identified to smoothings of the Wigner-Ville transform and their properties observed in a frequency-frequency representation. In opposition to these linear smoothings other ones have been proposed whose parameters vary either in function of signal spectral information at each point of the time-frequency domain, or following and a priori law of variation. Morlet's wavelet transform, wich belongs the the later class, has been studied and a modification has been proposed. The repetitive nature of certain signals like evoked potentials of cardiac signals, lead us to set up new methods for estimating time delay between two signals realizations. The performance of the proposed estimates first allows to improve averaging. Moreover, a sufficiently precise estimation of the jitter standard deviation lets hope averaged signals makes it possible to detect, in a more precise maner, permanent details from one realization to another. The improvement of signal averaging techniques, makes it possible to follow some real dynamic variations by reducing the number of averaged signals. A LMS adaptive algorithm has been proposed and its equivalence with exponentially weighted averaging has been proven
Lançon, Fabienne. "Extraction de signaux radar". Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN10163.
Texto completo da fonteCherrid, Nada. "Application des métaheuristiques à l'estimation des signaux physiologiques non stationnaires et fortement bruités". Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002521990204611&vid=upec.
Texto completo da fonteThis work of thesis carries on the problem of evaluating the physiological and temporally non stationary signals. We were especially interested in the brainstems Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs). These signals are responses to acoustical stimulations. They reflect the activity of the auditory system while permitting a more precocious diagnosis of the acoustic neuroma. In the first step, we propose a new approach to evaluate the non stationary signals, recorded in extremely unfavourable conditions. This approach is based on the use of a stimulated annealing algorithm, in association with the technique of averaging without integration of information a priori on the signals to estimate. Then we will study two variants of this technique. The first uses a model of shape that offers a better quality of the signal. The second one integrates an information a priori on the dynamics of the BAEPs that proves to be notably efficient in the case where the signals are not greatly stationary, one demonstrates as well as the convergence of the optimisation algorithm is accelerated. These approaches are tested on healthy and pathological subjects and thereafter on a type of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals
Cherrid, Nada Siarry Patrick. "Application des métaheuristiques à l'estimation des signaux physiologiques non stationnaires et fortement bruités". Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2005. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:8080/theses-npd/th0252199.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteVersion électronique uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. : 75 réf.
Abdat, Faiza. "Reconnaissance automatique des émotions par données multimodales : expressions faciales et des signaux physiologiques". Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ035S/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents a generic method for automatic recognition of emotions from a bimodal system based on facial expressions and physiological signals. This data processing approach leads to better extraction of information and is more reliable than single modality. The proposed algorithm for facial expression recognition is based on the distance variation of facial muscles from the neutral state and on the classification by means of Support Vector Machines (SVM). And the emotion recognition from physiological signals is based on the classification of statistical parameters by the same classifier. In order to have a more reliable recognition system, we have combined the facial expressions and physiological signals. The direct combination of such information is not trivial giving the differences of characteristics (such as frequency, amplitude, variation, and dimensionality). To remedy this, we have merged the information at different levels of implementation. At feature-level fusion, we have tested the mutual information approach for selecting the most relevant and principal component analysis to reduce their dimensionality. For decision-level fusion we have implemented two methods; the first based on voting process and another based on dynamic Bayesian networks. The optimal results were obtained with the fusion of features based on Principal Component Analysis. These methods have been tested on a database developed in our laboratory from healthy subjects and inducing with IAPS pictures. A self-assessment step has been applied to all subjects in order to improve the annotation of images used for induction. The obtained results have shown good performance even in presence of variability among individuals and the emotional state variability for several days
Abdat, Faiza. "Reconnaissance automatique des émotions par données multimodales : expressions faciales et des signaux physiologiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ035S.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents a generic method for automatic recognition of emotions from a bimodal system based on facial expressions and physiological signals. This data processing approach leads to better extraction of information and is more reliable than single modality. The proposed algorithm for facial expression recognition is based on the distance variation of facial muscles from the neutral state and on the classification by means of Support Vector Machines (SVM). And the emotion recognition from physiological signals is based on the classification of statistical parameters by the same classifier. In order to have a more reliable recognition system, we have combined the facial expressions and physiological signals. The direct combination of such information is not trivial giving the differences of characteristics (such as frequency, amplitude, variation, and dimensionality). To remedy this, we have merged the information at different levels of implementation. At feature-level fusion, we have tested the mutual information approach for selecting the most relevant and principal component analysis to reduce their dimensionality. For decision-level fusion we have implemented two methods; the first based on voting process and another based on dynamic Bayesian networks. The optimal results were obtained with the fusion of features based on Principal Component Analysis. These methods have been tested on a database developed in our laboratory from healthy subjects and inducing with IAPS pictures. A self-assessment step has been applied to all subjects in order to improve the annotation of images used for induction. The obtained results have shown good performance even in presence of variability among individuals and the emotional state variability for several days
Cont, Arshia. "Traitement et programmation temps-réel des signaux musicaux". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829771.
Texto completo da fonte