Teses / dissertações: "Tourist types"

1

Park, Jihwan. "The Impact of Different Types of Media on Tourists' Behavioral Intentions." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1757.

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The primary purpose of this study was to examine how much different types of media affect a tourist’s decision when choosing a destination to travel. Further, this study attempted to investigate the impact of the different types of media on a tourist’s behavioral intentions. A primary field survey was designed for this study to collect data and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. As a result, the most influential media form for choosing a destination to travel was social media, while brochure ranked the last. Subsequently, demographic factors showed noticeable propensities for the different types of media. Lastly, media types had a significant impact on three behavioral intentions for traveling as well. Study findings are expected to provide valuable information to better utilize the media as a marketing tool for the tourism industry.

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Becken, Susanne. "Energy use in the New Zealand tourism sector." Phd thesis, Lincoln University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/440.

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Energy use associated with tourism has rarely been studied, despite a potentially considerable contribution to global or national energy demand and concomitant greenhouse gas emissions. In New Zealand, tourism constitutes an increasingly important economic sector that is supported by the Government to induce further economic growth. At the same time New Zealand is facing the challenge of reducing currently increasing fossil fuel combustion and carbon dioxide emissions. As a response, this study investigated the contribution tourism makes to energy use in New Zealand. In particular it has examined the role of the three main tourism subsectors (transport, accommodation, and attractions/activities), and different domestic and international 'tourist types'. Seven separate data analyses provided inputs for building a model based on 'tourist types' from which energy use in the New Zealand tourism sector could be estimated. Tourism was found to contribute at least 5.6% to national energy demand, which is larger than its 4.9% contribution to GDP in 2000. Transport, in particular domestic air and car travel, was identified as the dominant energy consumer. Within the accommodation sub-sector, hotels are the largest energy consumers, both in total and on a per visitor-night basis. Of the three sub-sectors, attractions and activities contribute least to energy use, however, activities such as scenic flights or boat cruises were recognised as being energy intensive. As a result of larger visitor volumes, domestic tourists contribute more to energy consumption than international tourists. Domestic and international tourists types differ in their energy consumption patterns, for example measured as energy use per travel day. Tourist types that rely on air travel are the most energy intensive ones, for example the domestic 'long air business' travellers or the international 'coach tourists'. The importance of international tourists' energy use will increase, given current growth rates. There are many options to decrease energy use of the tourism sector, with the most effective ones being within the energy intensive transport sub-sector. Increasing vehicle efficiencies and decreasing travel distances appear to be the most promising measures. This study argues that energy use depends largely on tourists' travel behaviour. Changing behaviour is possible but is postulated to be very difficult, and further research is needed to better understand tourists' motivations, expectations and decision-making. Only then, can strategies be developed and implemented to alter travel behaviours to better balance energy use, other environmental impacts and economic yield. Such a balance is a crucial consideration in the search for more sustainable forms of tourism.

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Zabotkaitė, Gintarė. "Turistų motyvai renkantis gydomąjį turizmą Birštono kurorte." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110927_142731-13236.

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Šiuo metu vis didesnio dėmesio susilaukia, ne tik poilsiniai, bet ir gydomosios paskirties šalies kurortai, galintys pasiūlyti gydymą bei reabilitaciją. Darbe apžvelgiama gydomojo turizmo struktūra ir teikiamos paslaugos Lietuvoje. Šiuo metu didelio turistų dėmesio susilaukia Birštono kurortas, kuris pasižymi švelniu klimatu, gražia gamta bei teikiamomis sveikatingumo paslaugomis. Taigi tyrimu siekiama išsiaiškinti, kodėl turizmo vartotojai pasirenka būtent šį kurortą. Šiame darbe analizuojami turisto elgsenos veiksniai labiausiai įtakojantys turisto pasirinkimą kur keliauti. Svarbiausias veiksnys įtakojantys turistą yra motyvacija. Taigi darbe, pagal mokslininkų pateiktas keliavimo motyvų kategorijas, identifikuoti ir pateikti pagrindiniai motyvai, dėl kurių turistai pasirenka gydomojo turizmo rūšį Birštone. Raktiniai žodžiai: motyvai, turistų tipai, poreikiai, gydomasis turizmas. Darbo objektas: turistų motyvai, renkantis gydomąjį turizmą. Probleminis klausimas – kokie motyvai įtakoja turistus renkantis gydomąjį turizmą? Darbo tikslas – nustatyti turistų motyvus renkantis gydomąjį turizmą Birštono kurorte. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Atskleisti turisto poreikių, keliavimo motyvų ir tipo teorines sampratas; 2. Apžvelgti gydomojo turizmo struktūrą ir teikiamas paslaugas; 3. Identifikuoti turistų motyvus renkantis gydomąjį turizmą Birštono kurorte. Svarbiausi rezultatai ir išvados: atlikus teorinę analizę ir tyrimą išsiaiškinta, kad turisto pasirinkimą kur keliauti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] -.

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Silva, Marinyl Ribeiro da. "A cartografia temática no estudo do turismo: o município de Santo Antônio do Pinhal (SP)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-28012011-110416/.

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O turismo é uma atividade econômica e uma prática social que se entremeia nas múltiplas relações existentes na sociedade que o anima. Analisar um destino, um determinado lugar turístico nos permite diferentes olhares. Procuramos focar o presente estudo na leitura geográfica do processo que transformou o turismo em um importante vetor na produção do espaço do município de Santo Antônio do Pinhal (SP), destino que pinçamos, dentre tantos outros, para que pudéssemos produzir uma investigação capaz de nos revelar cada componente, seja natural ou social que integra o território usado para o turismo. Partindo de sua fundação, seguimos em busca de uma compreensão das relações que configuram a sua história, sua espacialização e a maneira como se concretizaram e fazem parte da sua realidade atual. Prosseguimos a investigação buscando vislumbrar possíveis rumos da atividade turística e advertir para eventuais possibilidades de um tipo de turismo predatório. Para refletirmos sobre estas possibilidades e sobre como ocorre a apropriação do espaço pelo e para o turismo no município, procuramos conhecer e entender como o citado território vem se desenvolvendo, para tanto selecionamos variáveis socioeconômicas e ambientais pertinentes, que favorecessem uma compreensão de como a atividade turística elegeu Santo Antônio do Pinhal. A partir da análise dos atributos e variáveis selecionadas, associada aos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos por nós elegidos, é que traçamos nosso objetivo neste estudo. Delineamos uma apresentação escolhida de mapas analíticos de apoio, para a pesquisa e o tratamento cartográfico da área de estudo. Isto nos possibilitou a elaboração de um mapa de síntese, especificamente dos tipos de paisagem, que pudesse, através de sua visualização crítica, subsidiar uma proposta preliminar de zoneamento turístico para o município, alicerçado em uma abordagem da cartografia temática. O presente estudo permitiu uma conexão capaz de associar a Geografia, a Cartografia e o Turismo, possibilitando a formação de um arcabouço de dados e informações que norteou a pesquisa, para atingirmos nosso objetivo. Tourism is an economic activity and social practice that is linked in multiple relationships with the society that vitalizes it. Analyzing a destination, a particular tourist site allows us to regard different perspectives. We seeked to focus this study in the geographical reading of the process that transformed tourism in an important vector for the production of space in the township of Santo Antônio do Pinhal (SP), destination we selected, among many others, that permits us to research and reveal every component, being it natural or social, which integrates the area used for tourism. Beginning from the townships foundation, we proceeded in search of understanding the relationships that configure history, spatial distribution and in which manner it emerges and is part of our current reality. We continued the investigation to view the possible paths of tourist activity and warn of potential predatory tourism. In order to reason about the possibilities and how the appropriation of space for tourism and tourism in the township itself, we learned to know and understand how this territory has developed. Both socioeconomic and environmental aspects were chosen to promote an understanding of how tourism elected Santo Antônio do Pinhal. From the analysis of selected variables and attributes, coupled with the chosen theoretical and methodological fundaments, we traced the goal in this study. We outlined a presentation of analytical and supportive maps for the research and cartographic treatment of the study area. This enabled us to draw up a map of synthesis, specifically of the types of landscape that could, through critical viewing, subsidize a preliminary proposal of tourist zoning for the township, based on an approach of thematic cartography. The present study allowed a connection capable of linking geography, cartography and tourism, permitting the formation of a structure of data and information that guided the research, to achieve our goal.

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5

Jones, Jan Louise. "Tourism in Cuba, an exploration of the impact of two types of tours on tourists' value stances." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23693.pdf.

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6

Gountas, Ioannis John. "Personality types and tourism holiday preferences." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412198.

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7

Yip, Lilian Lai Hang. "Developing the employability competency for the tourism and hotel industry in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41927/.

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In 2000, Hong Kong had a major educational reform, which aimed to address the inadequacies of the previous education system in order to enable the majority of Hong Kong’s population to achieve lifelong learning and an all-round education. These are also the overall aims of education in Hong Kong for the 21st century. A new education structure and new curricula for primary and secondary schools were some of the focuses of the reform. The tourism and hotel industry is one of the four pillar industries in Hong Kong. As a growing service industry, it relies heavily on the quality of their employees and the stability of manpower. However, this industry has been facing difficulties in recruiting and retaining qualified employees. Many studies have been conducted to discover the ideal employability competency and to develop strategies to attract and retain the right employees. Through the study of employability theories and in-depth interviews with education practitioners in the tourism and hotel industry, this research study links-up two knowledge areas of employability competency for the tourism and hotel industry and the generic competency development in primary and secondary school education in Hong Kong. The results reveal that previous studies have not resolved human capital problems, because these problems are rooted in the incompetence in generic skills, values and attitudes of individuals. This study highlights the foundational role of generic competency in employability. It proposes that a generic competency, which has to be nurtured from a young age, is essential for employability. The findings inspired an extended concept of employability and contributed to a new generic competency structure. For primary and secondary school education, this study proposes the incorporation of a refined generic competency component in the school curriculum, along with strategies to mitigate possible barriers of implementation. The proposed employability structure can also be used by employment consultation services or serve as a recruitment, training, development and retention guide in the tourism and hotel industry. These proposals could nurture new generations with the required employability competency for the tourism and hotel industry, meeting the challenges of the 21st century.

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8

Munhoz, Juliana Colli. "A Cartografia Temática aplicada ao turismo e sua fruição no município de São Luiz do Paraitinga (SP)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-30042014-115740/.

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A cartografia e o turismo têm em comum o espaço geográfico como objeto de estudo. Em síntese, abrangem os elementos e aspectos existentes nas paisagens naturais e sociais. O turismo, ao desenvolver-se neste espaço, demanda a organização social, provimentos em infraestruturas e o emprego de apreços financeiros por meio de múltiplos estudos e recursos, entre eles, a ciência cartográfica. As informações contidas nos mapas permitem aos turistas e gestores, uma visão geral do espaço geográfico consumido pelo turismo, desde o processo de pesquisa, projetos, marketing, avaliação e até a efetuação de um possível reordenamento territorial. Em especial nas tarefas de planejamento do turismo, a cartografia temática, observada pela representação gráfica, constitui um instrumental de grande utilidade em muitas concepções das atividades turísticas. Nos mapas direcionados para o turismo aconselha-se adotar a Semiologia Gráfica, com o propósito de evitar interferências na comunicação. Optouse, neste trabalho, por pesquisar o turismo como importante vetor na produção do espaço do município de São Luiz do Paraitinga. Dados e informações sobre aspectos demográficos, econômicos e de infraestruturas foram analisados, com enfoque no patrimônio cultural. Para tanto, ressaltou-se sempre a relevância da prática do turismo nas áreas rurais e naturais. A partir deste levantamento, associada à fundamentação teórica atribuída à cartografia temática e ao turismo, foi possível produzir uma coleção de pertinentes mapas analíticos do território luizense. Através da sobreposição destes, elaborou-se um mapa síntese com delimitação e identificação dos tipos de paisagens. As características das unidades espaciais lucubraram possibilidades de detectar áreas passíveis de potencialidades turísticas e especificar os usufrutos das atividades implantadas. Estes fatos subsidiaram uma proposta preliminar de zoneamento turístico, com o intuito de contribuir para a fruição e planejamento do turismo no município. Cartography and tourism have in common the geographic space as an object of study. In summary, covering the elements and aspects existing in the natural and social landscapes. Developing tourism demands the social organization, provision in infrastructure and the use of financial resources to increment the tourism activity. To attend this requirement multiple methods and studies are applied, among them, the cartographic science. The information contained in the maps allow tourists and managers an overview of the geographical space consumed by tourism, since the process of research, projects, design, marketing, evaluation and even effecting a possible territorial reorganization. Especially in planning tasks, thematic mapping, observed by graphic representation, is a very useful instrument in many conceptions of tourism activities. Maps specific for tourism should apply the Graphic Semiology and avoid interference in communication. In this work, tourism was studied as a major point in the production of space in São Luiz do Paraitinga. Data, demographic, economic and infrastructure information were examined, focusing on cultural heritage. Also, the role of tourism in rural and natural areas development was analyzed. From this survey, coupled with the theoretical foundation attributed to thematic cartography and tourism, a set of relevant analytical maps of the study area was made. Overlapping and grouping these maps enabled the creation of a synthesis map, delimited and identified by the types of landscape. Thus, through critical viewing, was possible to identify the characteristics of areas appropriated for tourism and to underwrite a preliminary proposal for tourism zoning, with the aim of contributing to the enjoyment and tourism planning in the county.

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9

Cho, Bokja Genie. "An action research study of the effectiveness of two types of role-play in teaching English for tourism at a Korean university." Thesis, University of Essex, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635898.

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Role play is commonly regarded as a useful activity for developing oral skills (Livingstone 1983; Maley 1987; Magos and Politi 2008) however, little research has been conducted on different types of role-play and on its use in EOP contexts, which is what the present study seeks to redress. This study reports on research investigating the effectiveness of two types of role-play, SSRP (Semi-scripted Role-play) and SSRP-NSRP (Semi-scripted Role-play followed by Nonscripted Role-play), in the teaching of Tourism English at a university in Korea. The study used an action research approach (Kemmis and McTaggart 1988) with the aim to improve Tourism English learners' oral skills.- Second -year students from different years participated in-Studies -I and II. In Study I students practised SSRP, while in Study II they engaged in SSRP-NSRP.

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10

Gordana, Jovanović. "Војвођанско Подунавље - туристички потенцијали и могућности њихове валоризације". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2001. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=16744&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Војвођанско Подунавље захвата сам ток Дунава на територији Војводине и шире подручје које практично директно излази на његове обале. За овај део Војводине карактеристичан је висок степен урбанизације. Истраживања спроведена израдом ове студије указују да овај простор има изузетно туристички атрактивне, како природне тако и антропогене потенцијале. У оквиру природних вредности издваја се пре свега Дунав као река међународног значаја, са својим хидрографским обележјима и специфичним током (мноштво рукаваца и меандара)на простору тзв. панонског сектора. Изузетну туристичку вредност имају и биогеографске карактеристике овог простора где се налазе специфичне врсте флоре и фауне. Узимајући у обзир карактеристике природних вредности може се говорити о могућности развитка различитих туристичких кретања од наутичког, спортско-рекреативног, ловног, риболовног, екотуризма и др. Код антропогених потенцијала највећи туристички значај имају манифестационе вредности од којих су многе међународног ранга. Фолклорно наслеђе са типичним војвођанским обележјима (ношња, музика, архитектура)такође имају изузетну туристичку вредност. Стара градска језгра се одликују специфичном архитектуром и обично представљају посебне амбијенталне просторе и представљају атрактивну туристичку вредност, у оквиру градског туризма. Војвођанско Подунавље уз бројне и различите туристичке вредности, са инвестирањем у изградњи материјалне базе може се укључити у савремене токове туризма и наћи своје место на домаћем и страном туристичком тржишту Vojvođansko Podunavlje zahvata sam tok Dunava na teritoriji Vojvodine i šire područje koje praktično direktno izlazi na njegove obale. Za ovaj deo Vojvodine karakterističan je visok stepen urbanizacije. Istraživanja sprovedena izradom ove studije ukazuju da ovaj prostor ima izuzetno turistički atraktivne, kako prirodne tako i antropogene potencijale. U okviru prirodnih vrednosti izdvaja se pre svega Dunav kao reka međunarodnog značaja, sa svojim hidrografskim obeležjima i specifičnim tokom (mnoštvo rukavaca i meandara)na prostoru tzv. panonskog sektora. Izuzetnu turističku vrednost imaju i biogeografske karakteristike ovog prostora gde se nalaze specifične vrste flore i faune. Uzimajući u obzir karakteristike prirodnih vrednosti može se govoriti o mogućnosti razvitka različitih turističkih kretanja od nautičkog, sportsko-rekreativnog, lovnog, ribolovnog, ekoturizma i dr. Kod antropogenih potencijala najveći turistički značaj imaju manifestacione vrednosti od kojih su mnoge međunarodnog ranga. Folklorno nasleđe sa tipičnim vojvođanskim obeležjima (nošnja, muzika, arhitektura)takođe imaju izuzetnu turističku vrednost. Stara gradska jezgra se odlikuju specifičnom arhitekturom i obično predstavljaju posebne ambijentalne prostore i predstavljaju atraktivnu turističku vrednost, u okviru gradskog turizma. Vojvođansko Podunavlje uz brojne i različite turističke vrednosti, sa investiranjem u izgradnji materijalne baze može se uključiti u savremene tokove turizma i naći svoje mesto na domaćem i stranom turističkom tržištu The abstract has been processed with OCR optical text recognition technology:The Danube basin in Vojvodina includes the stream of the Danube which flows through the territory of Vojvodina together with the wider area that spreads out immediately from the river bank. This part of Vojvodina is characterized by a high level of urbanization.The research has shown that the studied area contains natural and anthropogenic potentials which are very attractive from the touristic point of view.In terms of the natural values of the area, it is the Danube that stands out as a river of international importance with its hydrogeographic properties and specific river stream - the abundance of backwater channels and meanders - in the so-called Pannonian sector.Outstanding touristic values can also be attributed to the biogeographical properties of the area, which is full of particular species of flora and fauna. Considering the properties of natural attractions, we can talk about the possibilities for the development of diverse tourist migrations - from the nautical, recreational and ecotounsm to hunting, fishing and other forms of tourist activities.Within the anthropogenic potentials of the area, the greatest tounstic value should be ascribed to various events, many of which are internationally important. The folkloric heritage contained in the hallmarks typical of Vojvodina - national costume, music, and architecture - also represents another touristic value. The old city centres are characterized by specific architecture and usually have special ambience, therefore representing attractive touristic value of urban tourism.The Danube basin in Vojvodina can be comprised in contemporary touristic trends because of its diverse and numerous touristic values and with the proper development of the material base it will certainly find its place in domestic and international tourist markets.

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Patriková, Eva. "Logistické prístupy k rozvoju regionálnej turistiky v Turecku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198875.

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Tourism in Turkey has passed a certain developmental stage, but today increases an opportunity to broach a new stage in the development of alternative types of tourism. Together with appropriate development of transport infrastructure, may be developed the other less visited regions of Turkey. The government of Turkey is good aware of this fact and concerned departments approach to this challenge with proper importance. Thus, it could be expected a positive result.

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Pieltant, Julia. "Tours de corps de fonctions algébriques et rang de tenseur de la multiplication dans les corps finis." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4081.

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On s'intéresse dans cette thèse à la détermination du rang de tenseur de la multiplication dans $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$, l'extension de degré $n$ du corps fini $mathbb{F}_q$ ; ce rang de tenseur correspond en particulier à la complexité bilinéaire de la multiplication dans $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ sur $mathbb{F}_q$. Dans cette optique, on présente les différentes évolutions de l'algorithme de type évaluation-interpolation introduit en 1987 par D.V. et G.V. Chudnovsky et qui a permis d'établir que le rang de tenseur de la multiplication dans $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ était linéaire en~$n$. Cet algorithme en fournit désormais les meilleures bornes connues dans le cas d'extensions de degré grand relativement au cardinal du corps de base — le cas des petites extensions étant bien connu. Afin d'obtenir des bornes uniformes en le degré de l'extension, il est nécessaire, pour chaque $n$, de déterminer un corps de fonctions algébriques qui convienne pour appliquer l'algorithme pour $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$, c'est-à-dire qui ait suffisamment de places de petit degré relativement à son genre $g$ et pour lequel on puisse établir l'existence de diviseurs ayant certaines propriétés, notamment des diviseurs non-spéciaux de degré ${g-1}$ ou de dimension nulle et de degré aussi près de ${g-1}$ que possible ; c'est pourquoi les tours de corps de fonctions sont d'un intérêt considérable. En particulier, on s'intéresse ici à l'étude des tours de Garcia-Stichtenoth d'extensions d'Artin-Schreier et de Kummer qui atteignent la borne de Drinfeld-Vlu{a}duc{t} In this thesis, we focus on the determination of the tensor rank of multiplication in $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$, the degree $n$ extension of the finite field $mathbb{F}_q$, which corresponds to the bilinear complexity of multiplication in $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ over $mathbb{F}_q$. To this end, we describe the various successive improvements to the evaluation-interpolation algorithm introduced in 1987 by D.V. and G.V. Chudnovsky which shows the linearity of the tensor rank of multiplication in $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ with respect to $n$. This algorithm gives the best known bounds for large degree extensions relative to the cardinality of the base field (the case when the degree of the extension is small is well known). In order to obtain uniform bounds, we need to determine, for each $n$, a suitable algebraic function field for the algorithm on $mathbb{F}_{q^n}$, namely a function field with sufficiently many places of small degree relative to its genus $g$ and for which we can prove the existence of divisors with some good properties such as non-special divisors of degree ${g-1}$ or zero-dimensional divisors with degree as close to ${g-1}$ as possiblestring; these conditions lead us to consider towers of algebraic function fields. In particular, we are interested in the study of Garcia-Stichtenoth towers of Artin-Schreier and Kummer extensions which attain the Drinfeld-Vlu{a}duc{t} bound

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Breda, Cathy. "Les déterminants individuels de la fidélité dans le cadre d'une consommation de type expérientiel : application au cas d'organisations touristiques." Chambéry, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CHAML033.

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En s'intéressant à un domaine peu exploité, la consommation expérientielle, et à un champ d'application peu étudié, le tourisme, la thèse considère la fidélité comme un processus évoluant au fil des expériences. L'approche développée s'appuie sur des concepts a priori contraires à la fidélité, comme la recherche de variété, pour mieux comprendre les leviers qui la favorisent. Le besoin de stimulation se révèle être une clé fondamentale du processus. En complémént du paradigme cognitiviste, le modèle expérientiel permet une approche originale du concept en démontrant que l'intention de fidélité est fonction d'un besoin de stimulation satisfait. Cette dimension de la fidélite est jugée plus pertinente du fait de l'influence de nombreux facteurs situationnels sur le comportement des usagers. Les résultats obtenus via une modélisation par équations structurelles confirment l'existence d'un processus 1) évoluant sur un continuum opposant recherche de variété et fidélité et 2) à l'intérieur duquel le besoin de stimulation de l'individu exerce un effet modérateur négatif entre le niveau de stimulation optimal (OSL) et la fidélité. D'autres variables-clés opèrent une distinction entre individus fidèles par besoin (fidélité comme stratégie visant à réduire le risque chez des individus à forte orientation extrinsèque) vs. Désir ( chez les individus à fort OSL et orientation intrinsèque, le plaisir vécu incite à plus de variété mais l'influence modératrice du besoin de stimulation satisfait, suscite une intention de fidélité plus forte ). Une solution conceptuelle et méthodologique pour la mesure du besoin de stimulation via une variable situationnelle (la stimulation de l'expérience de consommation touristique) est proposée. Un paradoxe managérial se dégage : en répondant au besoin de stimulation de l'individu, il est possible d'agir sur son intention de fidélité. La gestion de l'expérience de consommation et de l'offre en réseau inter organisations prend toute son importance The aim of our research is to account for loyalty as a dynamic process developing throughout consumption experiences considering a field which has not been thoroughly studied to date, i. E. Experiential consumption in the context of tourism. The developed approach primarily emphasizes concepts which are contrary to loyalty, like variety seeking, in order to better understand factors that favour loyalty. The need for stimulation proves to be a fundamental key process. Complementary to cognitive paradigm, the experiential model offers an original approach of loyalty signifying that it depends on a satisfied need for stimulation. This loyalty dimension is more pertinent because of the influence of numerous situational factors on customer behavior. Results obtained via a structural equation modelling technique confirm the existence of a process evolving on a continuum that matches loyalty with variety seeking; and in which the need for stimulation has a negative moderating effect between optimal stimulation level (OSL) and loyalty. Others key-variables make it possible to distinguish loyal-by-desire vs loyal-by-need consumers. In the first case, loyalty is more clearly defined as a strategy to reduce a perceived risk for example. In the second case, pleasure or hedonism experienced by the consumer leads to more variety seeking and the moderating effect of the satisfied need for stimulation, generates more loyalty. A conceptual and methodological solution to measure the need for a stimulation factor is developed through situational variables tourist experience stimulation. A managerial paradox is hereby revealed : in response to the individual's need for stimulation, it is possible to influence his loyalty. The management of both experience consumption and the inter-organizational networks prove to be fundamental

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Carvalho, Kleber Santos. "Pavilhões e centros de exposições em São Paulo: cidadelas modernas do mundo globalizado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16138/tde-22032010-163041/.

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Este trabalho estuda as edificações denominadas Pavilhão e Centros de Exposição, com total da área coberta para exposições superior a 20.000m², na cidade de São Paulo. Inicialmente são apresentados os antecedentes das atividades que precederam as atuais Feiras de Negócios e Exposições Industriais e seu rebatimento no espaço desde a antiguidade clássica, passando pelas feiras medievais e pela revolução industrial na Europa até as Exposições Universais, num passado mais recente. A partir desse levantamento é detalhada a operacionalidade dessa tipologia, seus agentes e as relações entre as suas principais atividades, o local onde se encontram e outros equipamentos urbanos com funções complementares. Em seguida, são analisados os exemplos nesta Capital e em outras cidades, procurando extrair os componentes que confi guram um pavilhão ou centro de exposições. Com essa análise chega-se a um programa geral proposto e à representação gráfi ca do arranjo físico dessas edificações (fl uxograma). Por fim, a partir do estudo da dinâmica das feiras e exposições são identifi cadas características que podem influenciar e/ ou determinar a necessidade e confi guração dos espaços. São então apresentadas as principais conclusões sobre o tema central, como contribuições em futuros estudos de exemplares desse tipo de edifi cação, seja para reforma, requalificação ou novas implantações. This paper studies the types of buildings called Pavilions and Exhibition Centers of a covered area in excess of 20,000 sq. m. (215.28 sq. ft) as exhibition space existing in the city of São Paulo. First, a survey is presented on the background of the developments that preceded the current Trade Fairs and Industrial Shows and their reverberations in space, from Classical Antiquity, through Medieval Fairs and the Industrial Revolution in Europe to the Universal Exhibitions. Based on that framework, the operationality of this typology, its agents and the relations underlying its main activities, their location and other urban facilities with complementary functions are detailed. Next, examples from our state capital and from other cities are reviewed, in an attempt to draw the components that characterize a pavilion or exhibition center. These approaches lead the way to a proposed general program and to the graphic representation of the physical layout of these buildings (fl ow chart). Finally, a study on the dynamics of fairs and exhibitions identifi es the characteristics capable of exerting an infl uence and/or determining the need and confi guration of spaces. The main conclusions on the core theme are then set out as a contribution to future studies on this type of construction, whether for the purpose of construction renovation or retrofi tting or for new implementation.

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Hamdi, Adel. "Combinatoire des opérateurs non-commutatifs et polynômes orthogonaux." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10142.

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Cette thèse se divise en deux grandes parties, la première traite la combinatoire associée à l’ordre normal des opérateurs non-commutatifs et la seconde aborde des distributions symétriques du nombre de croisements et du nombre d’emboîtements, respectivement k-croisements et k-emboîtements, dans des structures combinatoires (partitions, permutations, permutations colorées, …). La première partie étudie l’ordre normal des opérateurs en termes de placements de tours. Nous étudions la forme de l’ordre normal en connectant deux opérateurs non-commutatifs D et U, et des polynômes orthogonaux spéciaux, et établissons des bijonctions entre les coefficients de (D+U)n et le nombre de placements de tours sur un diagramme de Ferrers. Nous donnons également des preuves combinatoires à des conjectures quantiques posées par des physiciens. Dans la seconde partie, nous définissons des statistiques, comme emboîtements et k-emboîtements, sur l’ensemble des permutations du groupe de Coxeter de type B. Nous donnons également des extensions au type B des résultats sur les croisements et les emboîtements, respectivement k-croisements et k-emboîtements dans les permutations de type A, en termes de distributions symétriques. De plus, nous étudions le lien entre les opérateurs non-commutatifs et ces statistiques. D’autres extensions de la distribution de ces statistiques sur les ensembles de partitions colorées et de permutations colorées de types A et B sont ainsi établies This thesis is divided into two parts, the first deals with the combinatorics associated to the normal ordering form of noncommutative operators and the second addresses the symmetric distributions of the crossing numbers and nesting numbers, respectively k-crossings and k-nestings, in combinatorial structures (partitions, permutations, colored permutations, …). The first part studies the normal order of operators in terms of rook placements. We study the normal ordering form connecting two noncommutative operators D and U, and some special orthogonal polynomials, and establish bijonctions between coefficients of (D+U)n and rook placements in Ferrers diagrams. We also give combinatorial proofs and alternatives to some quantum conjectures posed by physicists. In the second part, we define the notions of statistics, nestings and k-nestings, on the sets of permutations of the Coxeter group of type B. We also give extensions to type B of the results of the crossings and nestings, respectivelu k-crossings and K-nestings in the set of permutations of type A, in terms of symmetric distributions. Likewise, we study the link between non-commutative operators and these statistics. Other extensions of the distribution of these statistics on the sets of colored partitions and colored permutations of type A and B are established

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Chen, Qing. "An Empirical analysis of the effects of market response to bank loan announcements in the Hong Kong stock market." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1205.

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This study will validate several key results from previous studies of bank loan announcement effects by using the data from Hong Kong market following the 1997 Asian crisis. Banks are believed to play a unique role in financial market which could effectively reduce the problem of information asymmetry and moral hazard. Banks could access borrowers’ inside information which is not available to other participants. Thus bank loan announcements convey valuable information to the market, and market response of the stock price should be positive. However, because of the significant reform in both financial market and information market, the valuation of bank loan announcement conveyed need to be reconsidered. This study investigates whether banks are still “unique” in the financial market or whether they are like middlemen between borrowers and investors. Data used in this study is collected from the Hong Kong Stock Exchange Index, and a standard event study with the market model is applied in the research to conduct the empirical analysis. The results suggest bank loan announcements are associated with significantly higher positive abnormal returns than non-bank loan announcements. Based on the market model of event study, market response is found to be significantly positive for loan syndication, short maturity loan and borrower’s debt ratio, and negatively related to firm size and loan size. Bank loans with refinancing and capital expenditure and no specific purpose have significantly higher positive abnormal returns, and borrowers with property and industrial industry type have more significant positive abnormal returns compared to other industry type. The findings also suggest the Hong Kong stock market is efficient in both strong and semi-strong form for bank loan announcements. A strong evidence of information leakage problem is found for non-bank loan announcements. The results are generally consistent with the existing literature.

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Scarfe, Bradley Edward. "Oceanographic Considerations for the Management and Protection of Surfing Breaks." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2668.

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Although the physical characteristics of surfing breaks are well described in the literature, there is little specific research on surfing and coastal management. Such research is required because coastal engineering has had significant impacts to surfing breaks, both positive and negative. Strategic planning and environmental impact assessment methods, a central tenet of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), are recommended by this thesis to maximise surfing amenities. The research reported here identifies key oceanographic considerations required for ICZM around surfing breaks including: surfing wave parameters; surfing break components; relationship between surfer skill, surfing manoeuvre type and wave parameters; wind effects on waves; currents; geomorphic surfing break categorisation; beach-state and morphology; and offshore wave transformations. Key coastal activities that can have impacts to surfing breaks are identified. Environmental data types to consider during coastal studies around surfing breaks are presented and geographic information systems (GIS) are used to manage and interpret such information. To monitor surfing breaks, a shallow water multibeam echo sounding system was utilised and a RTK GPS water level correction and hydrographic GIS methodology developed. Including surfing in coastal management requires coastal engineering solutions that incorporate surfing. As an example, the efficacy of the artificial surfing reef (ASR) at Mount Maunganui, New Zealand, was evaluated. GIS, multibeam echo soundings, oceanographic measurements, photography, and wave modelling were all applied to monitor sea floor morphology around the reef. Results showed that the beach-state has more cellular circulation since the reef was installed, and a groin effect on the offshore bar was caused by the structure within the monitoring period, trapping sediment updrift and eroding sediment downdrift. No identifiable shoreline salient was observed. Landward of the reef, a scour hole ~3 times the surface area of the reef has formed. The current literature on ASRs has primarily focused on reef shape and its role in creating surfing waves. However, this study suggests that impacts to the offshore bar, beach-state, scour hole and surf zone hydrodynamics should all be included in future surfing reef designs. More real world reef studies, including ongoing monitoring of existing surfing reefs are required to validate theoretical concepts in the published literature.

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Wu, Chun Lin, and 巫郡綾. "The Types of Taiwan B&B Tourist Experience." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42934832451331255140.

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碩士 嶺東科技大學 觀光與休閒管理研究所 98 Tourists’ motives for choosing B&B are not only to expose themselves to an environment different from their daily life but also to experience the unique and local characteristic.Thus, the main purpose of this study is to discuss the B&B’s service types in Taiwan middle area from B&B providers and B&B tourists’ participation degree of experience activities. Refering to the concept of Experience Economy that there are fore, including entertainment, educational, escapist, and aesthetic, Experience types, this study divides the experience service B&B’s providers offer into 16 experience products through Convenience Sampling to sample 21 B&B from 538 legal B&B in Taiwan middle area and carrying on the questionnaire survey to the B&B’s tourists. Using Factor Analysis, T test, and Regression analysis, B&Bs’ experience products in Taiwan middle area is divided into two parts, “operate experience” and “sight experience” according to 332 effective questionnaires. Besides, this study finds that tourists get different “experience content” because of their different “degree of participating” in B&B experience activities.Tourists’ background characteristic and accommodation form also afect how they participate in the activities.The correlation coefficient, r, of the Regression analysis is about 0.534. The study finds that tourists paticipate in and are content with natural countryside landscape experience most. It suggests Taiwan B&B providers integrate local culture, industry, and natural resources into their B&Bs to enrich the experience activities.

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CHANG, TAO-YA, and 張道亞. "Different Types of Tourist Hotel Ownership Feasibility in Offshore Islands: A Case Study of Tourist Hotel in Penghu." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ymdkcb.

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碩士 輔仁大學 餐旅管理學系碩士班 106 Looking back at the past 10 years, the rate of domestic travel has increased by 72.6%. Simultaneously, the revenue of tourism had also increased by 81%. With policies supporting the nations’ tourism, the statistics of tourism increases; the amount of hotel also increases nationwide. Not just for the main island, international chained-branded hotels have also established branches in Penghu. This is an indicative significance. Starting from 2011 till 2016, the number of visitors in Penghu increased from 875,000 to 1,082,000. The increase of visitors brought up the need of accommodation. With the grand opening of an international chained-branded hotel in 2015, the number for possible accommodation increased by 331 rooms. However, the grand opening did not affect the income of other hotels; revenue most likely stayed the same if not increased. This showed the possibility for the industry cannot be underestimated. Thus, this study analyzes financial feasibility of developing tourist hotel in offshore island. Also, it discusses the influence on payback period and inner rate of return regarding to different types of hotel ownership.

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Su, Zih-Rong, and 蘇姿榕. "Correlation Analysis of Destination Features and Tourist types for Destination Development (DD)." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28709554437384785514.

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碩士 國立暨南國際大學 資訊管理學系 101 In recent years, the rapid growth of tourism industry has become the most important economic development of countries. For the purpose, the manager has focus on the destination development (DD) to enhance the competitive. DD is all concepts for tourism destination of management. It can be dividing into multiple factors, and to identify shortcomings to be improved. But in recent years, there are no studies about the relation of DD with tourist. Due to tourists are based on destination features to select the destination, we classifying tourists, and discuss the correlation between destination features and tourist types. Most correlation analysis method is adopted on statistic, but this thesis proposes a matrix method to avoid the complex processes, and help manager to understand the valuable information and to compare similarity between destinations. This thesis also shows a cased study about how manager to enhance DD and gives a result as refer of decision.

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shuen, luo yu, and 羅煜順. "The operational Efficiency of the Chain Types of the International Tourist Hotels in Taiwan." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11794274159532572249.

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碩士 亞洲大學 國際企業學系碩士班 94 This study treats the chain types and the operational efficiency of the international tourist hotels in Taiwan. The objects of this study are the international tourist hotels in Taiwan. Firstly, assort those hotels according to the chain types of the international tourist hotels. Then evaluate the input-output relative efficiency by using DEA（Data Envelopment Analysis， DEA）. Furthermore, base on the report in 2004 of the yearly operating analysis reports of the international tourist hotels in Taiwan compiled by Tourist Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communications R. O. C., the operating efficiency is analyzed. The research shows that (1) on the part of the number of the hotel rooms, the more room an international tourist hotel has, the higher the operational efficiency is, which means the number of the hotel room may affect the percentage of market share and it has great effect on the operational efficiency. (2) On the part of the price, the lower the all expense of the hotel is, the higher the operational efficiency is, which means the all expense has great effect on the operational efficiency. (3) On the part of the average production value, the higher the operational efficiency is, the higher is the operational efficiency, which means the average production value may cause effect on the earnings of the hotel. (4) On the part of the scale remuneration, the higher remuneration an international tourist hotel has, the higher the operational efficiency is which means the scale remuneration has great effect on the operational efficiency. (5)on the part of the number of the employees, the less number the hotel has, the higher the operational efficiency is, which means the number of the employees has great effect on the operational efficiency. (6) On the part of the chain hotels, the more chain international chain hotels there are, which means the number of the chain international has great effect on the operational efficiency.

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Huang, Hsu-Liang, and 黃旭良. "A Study on Influence of the Media Types on Tourist Decision Behavior about Selection Tourist Sited – A Case Study of Nan-Chung Hsiang, Miao-Li County." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42702227264428604824.

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碩士 玄奘大學 國際企業學系碩士班 98 In recent years, many cultural characteristics with the local environmental vitality of the development of travel and tourism industry, The industry's competition is extraordinarily intense,The limited use of relevant resources to attract more tourists come and spend money.Using the Nan-Chung Hsiang, Miao-Li County as research object, to discuss the relativeship between destination Image, perceived media types effect, and customer loyalty. and confer the effect of demographic attribute variables on the research framework , The studies using questionnaire and discover relativeship between different variances and research propostion by statistical analyse method. The result show: 1.There is a significant difference refer to the tourist with perceived media types effect on the destination Image. 2.There is a significant difference refer to the tourist with perceived destination Image on the travel decision-making. 3.There is a significant difference refer to the tourist with perceived destination Image on the loyalty behavior intentions. 4.There is a significant difference refer to the travel decision-making on the loyalty behavior intentions. 5.There is no significant difference refer to the background of tourist with perceived media types effect, perceived destination Image, travel decision-making and loyalty behavior intentions

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Chang, You-ru, and 張佑如. "Employing MCDM to Select the Types of Strategic Alliance for Taiwan''s International Tourist Hotels." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f7ce8p.

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碩士 靜宜大學 企業管理研究所 97 The economy of Taiwan with the prosperity day by day, structure of industry weight gradual transfer from manufacturing industry to a service industry, when the project has been implementation that the two-day weekend and China tourists comes to Taiwan visit, the tourist industry is under the circumstances that the government actively to promotes and develops, the market of tourist grows up continuously, the international tourist hotels to set up all the time, faced the management environment of intensity competition day by day, the international tourist hotels often adopt the of strategic alliance, with the cooperation and learn among the partners, obtain necessary resources, and satisfaction different demands of the customer, keep or increase one''s own competition advantage, reach the win-win situation. This study had collected data through reference reviewing, expertise interviewing and questionnaire survey, and evaluated the group decision-making strategies model of strategic alliance in different alliance types by applying the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. The results had revealed that while Taiwan international tourist hotels evaluating the strategic alliance type, the performance goal of strategic alliance is the most important key criterion that Taiwan’s international tourist hotels considered, the second one is the manage conduct of strategic alliance, and the third one is the partners assess criteria of strategic alliance, and does not pay attention to the motive of strategic alliance. The results of assess index weighing ranking are as follows. The major consideration is profit rate, and the second is sale growth rate, expect to increase one''s own the profit and selling ability through the strategic alliance cooperative way, reach alliance goal, and enhance the satisfaction of alliance operation. The ranking of each kind of type for strategic alliance is listed as follows: the first three in order are multiple activity alliance, electronic place alliance and entity place alliance respectively. The three types had adopted most frequently in international tourist hotels industry, and can reach the performance goal of the alliance effectively. The fourth is the joint promote the alliance, this alliance usually introduce the package that cooperate with the same or the different industry, increase the sales rate and need the higher planning and control, belong to the medium-sized alliance type. The fifth, sixth and seventh is alternately promote alliance, general advertising alliance and outdoor advertising alliance, these three alliance types are cooperation with the different industry, reach the propaganda result of the advertisement, can relatively enhance the reputation. Due to the alliance types of international tourist hotels are different, the key criteria and assess index will also be difference.

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CHAN, HUANG-SHUN, and 詹皇順. "The research on food consumption types and the inconsistency of tableware to the consumer's purchase intention in tourist factory restaurants." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6cb89j.

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碩士 輔仁大學 餐旅管理學系碩士在職專班 107 Many scholars believe that the companies can increase willingness of consumption by cross-industry alliance. This study explores the difference on food spending when a traditional tourism factory has its meal types varied, when it supplies different types of dinning utensils; and also, if different menus and tablewares would influence the consumption choices. This study uses two-way ANOVA of experimentation method; choosing Chinese or western meal, and different style of dinning utensils are the two independent variables. Through virtual reality experiment, the customers are observed under the conditions with different meal types and various designs of dinning utensils to see if their consumption attitude would be influenced. The results of this research show that the customers are willing to spend more on Chinese foods in the tourism factory. Comparing among the lightly innovation dinning utensils, similar dinning utensils and highly innovation dinning utensils, the customers would have higher willingness of consumption when using the lightly innovation dinning utensils. Menus and dinning utensils are surely to interact to each other. Hopefully, the research can help the cross-industry alliance increase the willingness of consumption in both academic and practical fields.

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Agostinho, Marta Sofia Penteado. "Chinese outbound tourists: profile and perceptions of Portugal." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/5367.

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O objetivo deste estudo é disponibilizar informação mais aprofundada sobre o perfil da futura geração de turistas Chineses e explorar as suas percepções sobre Portugal enquanto destino turístico. A procura dos turistas Chineses por viagens no estrangeiro bem como as suas preferências devem ser do conhecimento dos agentes da indústria do turismo para que possam corresponder às expectativas deste mercado. A análise de factores como as políticas implementadas pelo governo no âmbito do turismo emissor contribuirão para melhor compreender o desenvolvimento do turismo da China. A consciência e perceção de Portugal enquanto destino turístico entre a futura geração de turistas Chineses constituem questões importantes a serem estudadas. Este estudo evidencia o tipo de turista Chinês e as tendências da futura geração de turistas, pois com o aumento médio dos vencimentos, a globalização e um novo estilo de vida estão a aparecer novos grupos de turistas. A pesquisa através de um questionário a alunos de licenciaturas e mestrados evidencia as características e tendências do turismo para o estrangeiro na perspectiva deste nicho da nova geração de turistas. Este questionário apresenta os resultados do estudo que determina os atributos que são considerados mais importantes na experiência global dos turistas Chineses que poderão vir a viajar para Portugal. The aim of this study is to provide an in depth insight into the tourist profile of the future Chinese generation and to explore its perceptions of Portugal as a tourism destination. As the demand for outbound travel in China increases, interests about tourism activities should be known by the agents of tourism industry, so that the expectations of these tourists can be met. The analyses of factors such as government policies concerning outbound travel in the tourism industry, will largely contribute to better understand the development of Chinese tourism activity. The awareness and perception of Portugal as a tourism destination amongst Chinese future tourists is one of the important aspects to be studied. This study outlines the type of Chinese tourist and the trends with new groups of tourists appearing. This is becoming a reality due to the increase of average income, globalization and a new lifestyle. A survey questionnaire distributed amongst undergraduate and post-graduate students will highlight the characteristics and trends emerging in outbound tourism according to their opinions and perceptions. This survey presents the findings that determine the critical factors to the overall experience of Chinese tourists that would travel to Portugal in the future.

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Wu, Pei-yun, and 吳佩芸. "FACTORS AFFECTING TOURISTS' CHOICE OF TOURISM MEDIA TYPES: TAKE KYOTO, TAPAN AS AN EXAMPLE." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96297025033568878954.

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碩士 南華大學 文化創意事業管理學系 101 Tourism is an excellent way for releasing pressure, while Kyoto, as revealed by online backpacker forums, is the favorite Japanese city of backpackers. To plan a successful and smooth overseas trip, one needs to collect information and uses it as reference in the decision-making process. Information can be gathered from various sources—newspapers, magazines, books, advertisement pamphlets and more. Travel agencies and websites are also good choices for obtaining information. 　　　For teachers, traveling is the most commonly adopted way for releasing pressure. In this thesis, the investigator conducted an analysis on methods used by teachers for collecting information for planning a trip to Kyoto, the importance of sources of web information, and the use of mobile devices for searching travel information. The study questionnaire was distributed among elementary school teachers in Yulin County. A total of 300 copies of questionnaire were distributed, while 286 of them were returned and valid. The researchers used descriptive statistics, χ2 test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, reliability and validity tests, and structural equation modeling for data analysis. 　　　Results from the analysis showed that 1) Study subjects of different age showed differences in online information search. Younger subjects scored significantly higher than older subjects did; 2) For the importance of online sources of tourism information, significant differences were found in age, education and monthly income in terms of online information sources; 3) The two perceptual beliefs, usefulness and usability, can both affect user attitude. Usefulness is significantly affected by usability; 4) Simple APP operation interface, potent functions, and easy to use are key factors influence teachers’ user attitude.

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Martinez, Carvajal Maria Alejandra. "Ecotourists : profile and implications for the marketing strategy." Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5765/1/M13055.pdf.

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Le présent mémoire nous présente le profil des citoyens écotouristes et détermine les facteurs clés de succès d'une stratégie marketing centrée sur l'écotourisme. L'analyse de la littérature fait ressortir six principes internationaux de l'écotourisme. Le premier principe est la protection et la conservation de l'environnement, qui inclue l'eau, les aliments, la nature, la flore et la faune. Le deuxième principe est le processus d'apprentissage de la culture de la communauté locale, de sa nature et ses coutumes, ce qui comprend également la sensibilisation environnementale. Le troisième principe est la visite durable par les touristes et la communauté locale. Le quatrième principe est l'avantage économique pour la communauté locale. Le cinquième est la minimisation de l'impact des visites touristiques sur l'environnement, et finalement la protection des droits de l'homme. Le cadre conceptuel présenté identifie les variables qui caractérisent l'identification des profils des écotouristes et le comportement écotouristique au Québec. En outre, ce cadre conceptuel présente les variables modératrices, il s'agit des facteurs socio-psychologiques, tels que les motivations et les freins; des facteurs sociodémographiques comme le sexe et l'âge; des facteurs situationnels et des préoccupations environnementales, qui modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau de préoccupations écotouristiques sur le niveau d'intérêt pour les voyages écotouristiques et le degré de cette préoccupation dans le comportement écotouristique (aller à une destination écotouristique). Les hypothèses de cette recherche sont : H1.a: Le niveau de la préoccupation écotouristique a un impact sur le niveau d'intérêt pour un voyage écotouristique; H1.b: Le niveau de la préoccupation écotouristique a un impact sur le comportement écotouristique (participation à un voyage écotouristique); H2.a: Les variables socio-psychologiques (motivations et freins) modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristiques sur le niveau d'intérêt pour un voyage écotouristique; H2.b: Les variables socio-psychologiques (motivations et freins) modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristiques sur le comportement écotouristique (participation à un voyage écotouristique); H3.a: Les variables sociodémographiques modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristiques sur le niveau d'intérêt pour un voyage écotouristique; H3.b: Les variables sociodémographiques modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristiques sur le comportement écotouristique (participation à un voyage écotouristique); H4.a: Les facteurs situationnels du voyage modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristique sur le niveau d'intérêt pour un voyage écotouristique; H4.b: Les facteurs situationnels du voyage modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristiques sur le comportement écotouristique (participation à un voyage écotouristique); H5.a: Le niveau des préoccupations environnementales modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupations écotouristiques sur le niveau d'intérêt pour une voyage écotouristique; H5.b: Le niveau des préoccupations environnementales modèrent positivement ou négativement l'impact du niveau des préoccupation écotouristiques sur le comportement écotouristique (participation à un voyage écotouristique). Pour réaliser cette étude, nous avons administré un questionnaire en ligne sur la page Facebook de l'Observatoire de la consommation responsable (http://www.facebook.com/OCResponsable), sur le site Web du partenaire de l'étude GaïaPresse (http://gaiapresse.ca/), et via sa newsletter. L'échantillon de cette étude est de 287 participants. D'après les résultats de cette étude, nous pouvons déduire que trois principes doivent être utilisés par les entreprises pour supporter les activités écotouristiques. Il s'agit principalement du processus d'apprentissage, la visite durable et l'avantage économique pour la communauté locale. En outre, les résultats de cette recherche permettent la validation des hypothèses H1a, H1b, H2a, H2b, H5a, and H5b. Par contre, les hypothèses H3a et H3b ont été partiellement confirmées. Cela signifie que les facteurs sociodémographiques, comme le sexe, l'âge et le niveau d'éducation, influencent le niveau d'intérêt pour les voyages écotouristiques et le comportement écotouristique (aller à une destination écotouristique). En plus, les hypothèses H4a et H4b ont aussi été partiellement confirmées. Cela signifie que les facteurs situationnels, tels que le compagnon du voyage et sa durée, n'ont pas un effet modérateur sur la relation entre les préoccupations écotouristiques et nos deux variables dépendantes principales : le niveau d'intérêt pour le voyage écotouristique et le comportement écotouristique. Grâce à cette étude, nous pouvons conclure que les écotouristes ont un niveau d'éducation supérieur, puisque le niveau d'éducation augmente le niveau des préoccupations environnementales. Les écotouristes aiment avoir le contact avec la nature. Ils estiment que l'écotourisme est une source pour découvrir de nouveaux amis et explorer la nature. Finalement, les écotouristes sont probablement motivés à choisir une destination écotouristique pour une expérience touristique, dans le cas où le voyage inclut la rencontre des gens qui ont le même intérêt. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : environnement, écotouristes, écotourisme principles, et visite durable.

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Wang, Hai-nin, and 王海寧. "Effects on types of tourism spokesperson to consumer behavior intentions." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70338811154057986933.

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碩士 世新大學 觀光學研究所(含碩專班) 102 Persuasion can be achieved in many ways, and advertising is one method of persuasion that is commonly used in marketing activities. Endorsers play an indispensable role in marketing. In the tourism industry, endorsement is an extensively used marketing strategy. This study aimed to compare the effects of celebrity and non-celebrity endorsement on perceived image of the endorser and consumers' behavioral intentions. Based on the questionnaire survey method, a questionnaire was developed to collect basic data, perception of advertising messages, perceived image of the endorser, and consumers’ behavioral intentions. The questionnaire was administered to college students. Two tourism advertisements were presented to participants in the survey, one featuring endorsement by a non-celebrity, A-cha, and the other featuring endorsement by a celebrity, Show Lo. A total of 401 valid responses were obtained. Data were statistically analyzed to validate the research hypotheses. Findings were as follows: (1) Among the various background variables, “preference for specific endorsers” was a significant factor affecting perceived image of the endorser and consumers’ behavioral intentions. (2) The analysis of factors of consumers’ behavioral intention for each kind of endorsement showed that for celebrity endorsement, “completely reliable” in the “reliability” dimension was a significant factor affecting consumers’ behavioral intentions; for non-celebrity endorsement, “attractiveness” in the “attractiveness” dimension was a significant factor affecting consumers’ behavioral intentions. (3) The dependent-sample t-test of the effects of celebrity and non-celebrity endorsements indicated that celebrity endorsement was more effective, especially in influencing the perceived image of the endorser (attractiveness, reliability, and professionalism) and consumers’ behavioral intentions. (4) In both types of endorsement, “performing skills” in the dimension of perceived image of the endorser were most influential to consumers’ behavioral intentions. Therefore, this study suggested that in addition to consumer preference, the endorser’s performing skills, reliability, and attractiveness should all be considered in the choice of a celebrity for endorsing tourism advertisements. All these are important factors affecting consumer behaviors.

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LIU, YEN-CHENG, and 劉晏丞. "A Study on the Relationship Between Catering Preferences and Tourism Types." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/844q23.

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碩士 南華大學 旅遊管理學系旅遊管理碩士班 107 Catering is not only the basic needs of tourism, but also allows travelers to continue their tourism. Positive tourism and catering satisfaction will effectively promote the development of the local tourism industry. In order to improve catering satisfaction and promote consumption, the purpose of this study is to investigate the types of restaurants that tourists will choose in each type of tourism to understand the catering preferences, the difference in catering preferences and the attractiveness of catering of different backgrounds. We also analyze the relation between catering and the restaurant choice of tourists. It provides reference for the relevant government departments when formulating policies and caterers when making catering design. 　　The results of the study are as follows: 1.Small family-style tourism style is the main mode of tourism. 2.Depending on the type of travel, the types of foods that tourists expect are not the same. The gender, age, marriage, and number of children of the visitor will affect the choice of restaurants. 3.Catering attraction will be different among tourists with specific backgrounds. 4.In each type of catering, different restaurant attractions will affect the willingness of tourists to consume.

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Chang, Chih-yung, and 張至勇. "The Reseach of Taiwanese Senior Tourists’ Travelling Type - A Case Study of CSC Tours &; Travel Service CO., LTD." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/teg755.

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碩士 國立中山大學 高階經營碩士班 103 The tourism industry in Taiwan has developed with the change of government policy. The government has introduced the concept of travelling and sightseeing since 1948; permitted Taiwanese to travel abroad and travel agencies to apply for license in 1979; lifted restrictions on visits to the mainland in 1987; implemented five-day work week in 1997, and has allowed mainland tourists to visit Taiwan for purpose of tourism in 2008. With the increase of personal incomes from USD154 to USD15,388 and improvement of living standards, travelling plays a critical role in people’s lives. Meanwhile, Taiwan has a great proportion of aging population with the advance of medical and science as well as the enhancement of social welfare system, all of which influence senior visitors’ travelling preferences and patterns accordingly. This research uses “CSC Tours &; Travel Service CO., LTD.” as a case study and its main customers are from employees of China Steel Corporation and their families. In response to the large number of senior staff retirements in recent years, the main purpose of this study is to understand the travelling needs and patterns of seniors who are around or over 55 years old. The results of chi-square test and one-way ANOVA analysis reveal that visitors of different ages have diversed travelling preferences; for instance, senior travellers prefer staying away from bustling cities to suburbs, and doing activities without consuming too much physical energies. Diminishing language barriers or different food cultures can increase senior visitors’ willingnesses to travel as well. In Addition, the ratio of senior visitors and other visitors mixed in the same travelling package is high, so travel agencies need to pay more attention to take both types of travellers’ needs into consideration when designing travel packages; in this way, travel agencies can take advantage of the flexible travelling time of these growing senior populations to create more profits.

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Kao, Jing-Huei, and 高靖蕙. "Exploring the Relationship between Tourists Types and Travel Path Patterns in Dong-Gang Area." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71362766173868587081.

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碩士 國立臺中教育大學 區域與社會發展學系碩士班 101 This research focused on the arrangement types of travel nodes, according to 340 valid questionnaires of conducting in-depth interviewing and questionnaires survey of travelers stayed at Dong-Gang area, the study results were analyzed with descriptive statistics and examined the relationship between the travel path patterns and the traveler types using cross tabulation analysis. The results are as follow: 1. According to the extent of mindful plan before itinerary and average staying time at a tourist spot, the travelers may be reduced to three types, among which main attraction visitors account for the largest proportion of 67 % and specialists account for 18 %, while explorers for 15 % respectively. Traveler types are influence by factors including: marital status, age, education, current residence, frequencies, transportation method in foreign areas, and days of travel. 2. It is recognized that travel path patterns here with P1(single point to point, touring point to point) and P2 (circular loop, stem and petal ) are more demonstrated by the travelers, accounting for 50% and 44%; while P3 (radiating hub) are less in proportion, only accounting for 6%. Travel path pattern are influence by factors including: marital status, age, education, current residence, frequencies, transportation method in domestic and foreign areas, and days of travel. 3. The chi-square test is adopted to verify whether there is any relevance between tourist types and tourist route patterns. Main attraction visitors adopt stem and petal pattern (36%) and point-to-point (30%); specialists adopt the single point-to-point pattern (43%); explorers also did (40%).

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Liu, Ku-Chien, and 劉建谷. "A Study of Mainland China Tourists Travel to Taiwan Types Analysis and Marketing Strategies." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74243371827597093978.

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碩士 國立高雄餐旅大學 旅遊管理研究所 102 With the opening of the government＆apos;＆apos;s policy over the years, both of cross-straits exchanges are flourishing. Since July 2008, the mini three links direct non-stop flights have the travel industry to the future increasingly frequent. People of cross-straits gradually start in relatives, work, tourism, academic exchanges and other activities. According to Tourism Bureau statistics, in 2008 to 2011 the totle number of people on the Mainland China come to Taiwan for sightseeing is grows from 329,204 people to 1,784,185 people. Mainland China is the highest of the foreign visitors come to Taiwan（Tourism Bureau, 2012）.With the opening up of the policy in view and the growth of the economic development of Mainland China, the Chinese tourists in the international tourism consumption ability attracted international attention. The tourists of Mainland China come to Taiwan for sightseeing ratio accounting for the source of the largest number. To meet the large Mainland China people coming sightseeing of the occasion, travel industry in Taiwan by the how due should be strait different political system, economic system, social structure and culture. To layout Mainland China come to Taiwan for sightseeing of marketing strategy is really important topic of influence Taiwan sightseeing. In order to documentary research, the cross-strait policy, regulatory and other travel industry data analysis, review group calendar mainland to Taiwan travel trends and travel patterns situation analysis. The second phase of depth interview on Taiwan travel industry business people from the mainland to Taiwan＆apos;＆apos;s current situation, the third stage through Delphi method questionnaires convergence industry expert opinions, the triangulation of the overall industry environment (PEST) analysis and marketing 4P analysis. Research will through documentary research to understand the current opening Taiwan to mainland tourism patterns. Delphi questionnaire will then analyze the results of the SWOT analysis, I hope to provide business people from the mainlander to Taiwan＆apos;＆apos;s travel industry to understand the current mainland tourists to Taiwan travel patterns and provide a reference for the future development of marketing strategies.

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Yi-ChinLee and 李依芩. "The Effects of Price Tiers and Promotion Types on the Bundle Evaluation in Tourism Industry." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31341921750305385840.

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碩士 國立成功大學 交通管理科學系 103 Nowadays, traveling has become a trend in the world and there are many bundle products in the market. Furthermore, companies always include some promotional programs like freebies or price discounts to increase the sales of bundle products. Nevertheless, a bundling strategy might sometimes detract the value of the bundle, and different types of promotions might have different impacts on consumer evaluations, according to prior research on bundle evaluations. In the tourism market, the bundle always includes transportation and accommodations, both of which might be either expensive or inexpensive. When an expensive product bundles with an inexpensive product, it causes different price tiers in the bundle. Therefore, this study intends to investigate whether price tiers and promotion types will influence the evaluation of bundles in the tourism industry. We conducted two experiments to collect empirical data. One investigated the impact of price tiers, and the other investigated the effects of promotion types. A total of 174 effective samples were collected in all. The major findings are as follow: (1) compared with an expensive focal product considered alone, the value of the expensive focal product will be detracted when bundled with an inexpensive product, (2) when bundled with an expensive product, the value of the inexpensive supplementary product will be greater but without a significant effect, (3) the value of the focal product in the price discount condition will have greater devaluation effect relative to the free condition, and (4) the value of the supplementary product in the price discount condition will be lesser than in the free condition.

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賴映蘭. "The Effects of Website Type and Tourism Destination on Traveling Decision." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22807098310237083211.

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Ponte, Diana Ferreira Mota de Oliveira. "Determinantes do desenvolvimento dos Açores como destino turístico." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/4352.

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O Turismo assume-se cada vez mais como um sector fundamental e impulsionador do crescimento das regiões. Em Portugal este sector tem sido alvo de uma grande aposta por parte do governo, pelo contributo positivo que tem no PIB, e por ser uma fonte alternativa de geração de riqueza. Pela importância e aposta no sector, e pelas características do arquipélago dos Açores, este trabalho tem como grande objectivo avaliar a região como destino turístico, identificar o público-alvo, perceber qual o posicionamento ao nível de produtos turísticos, e avaliar as opiniões das pessoas que já visitaram os Açores. Por outro lado, considerou-se também importante, junto das pessoas que nunca visitaram os Açores, perceber o porquê de nunca o terem feito. Para chegar a estas conclusões foi realizado um questionário on-line. Concluiu-se que os Açores devem posicionar-se sobretudo como um destino de natureza, mas não devem descurar o desenvolvimento das actividades relacionadas com a aventura e desportos náuticos. O preço das passagens aéreas foi considerado desajustado (demasiado alto) e, por isso, torna-se o factor principal da não deslocação à região. Tourism is assuming a increasingly key factor on the growth of regions. In Portugal, this sector has been a target of great gamble by the government, due to the positive contribution on the GDP and for being an alternative source of wealth. Given the importance and the commitment on the sector and the characteristics of the Azores Islands, this work has the aim of evaluate this region as a tourist destination, identify the target audience, understand the position at the level of tourism products, and assess the opinions of people of have been at the Azores. On the other hand, for those who have never been there, it is also of great importance to understand why. To achieve this conclusions a online survey was made. It was concluded that the Azores should position itself primarily as a nature destination but one should not neglect the development of adventure and nautical activities. The price of the flights were considered inadequate (too high) therefore it becames the main factor in not choosing the Azores as a destination.

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Wu, Su-chu, and 吳素菊. "The Study on Residents' Perception of ImpactCaused by Movie Tourism, Attitudes andDesirable type of Tourism Development –A Case of Hengchun Pingtung." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87537610723056772037.

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碩士 南台科技大學 休閒事業管理系 98 A Taiwanese romance comedic film, Cape No.7, drew widespread attention of Hengchun Pingtung and led a record-breaking box-office performance in 2008. The present study therefore addresses this issue by investigating impact perception, attitudes and desirable type of tourism development from the view of local residents. The convenience sampling was used as the survey method in this study. The participants were four hundred ninety seven residents of Hengchun Pingtung. The uncompleted 42 questionnaires were excluded. The analytic methods including descriptive statistics, factorial analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and importance-performance analysis (IPA) were employed to examine the data. The results show that gender, educational background, and occupation significantly differ from a perception-specific perspective. Statistical significance shed some lights on residents’ attitude in terms of marital status, educational background, tourist contact and understanding toward local tourism. Factor analysis yields expectations on tourism development in three dimensions—local resource-based, film originality-based, and local culture experience-based tourism types. A further distinction is made in this category by significant difference embodied in age, tourist contact and understanding toward local tourism. In general, residents held significantly positive perception, attitudes and desirable type of tourism development in the correlation analysis. Importance-Performance Analysis is applied as innovation to affirm the negative effects under movie induced tourism including trend of price increase on real estate market, rapidly growing crime rate, changing values of local life, annoying traffic jam, deteriorating air pollution, violation of nature protection requirements, and the like. It is expected that the present study can bring forth a multidimensional set of evaluation criteria derived from the notions of tourism impact perception, attitudes and desirable type of tourism development for the government and correspondingly management-related units.

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Chiao, Lei, and 喬蕾. "A Study on Tourism Image on Mountain-type National Scenic Areas in Taiwan." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06234270579002120445.

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碩士 東海大學 景觀學系 96 Only a few past studies on the travel images of natural scenic areas conducted empirical studies on multiple testing areas. This study aimed to investigate the travel images to verify the theme images of the mountain-type national scenic areas in Taiwan, in order to compare the common images and analyze the features of the mountain-type national scenic areas. It used semi-open questionnaire to survey the national scenic areas and their images, and based on the results, organizes questionnaire for mountain-type national scenic areas. Tri-mountain, Alishan, and Maolin National Scenic Areas were selected as areas for empirical study. Based on factor analysis, the image of the areas include: “unique to Tri-mountain”, “unique to Alishan”, “unique to Maolin”, “cultural experience”, “recreational opportunities”,“natural sceneries”, “maintenance”, among which “cultural experience”, “recreational opportunities”, “natural sceneries”, “maintenance” are the common images of the mountain type national scenic areas. The research results are provided as references to management units on target marketing and marketing strategies.

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chunghsing, wu, and 吳中興. "Controversial issues of cross-strait tourism Research on the type of legal remedy." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77106182323756937682.

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碩士 中國文化大學 觀光休閒事業管理研究所 98 Controversial issues of cross-strait tourism Research on the type of legal remedy Student: Chung-Hsing Wu Advisor: Prof . Jungtang Shieh Prof . Chang Yali Chinese Culture University ABSTRACT China's economy for decades with a high degree of development, national income and leisure time increased and tourism is rampant, in 2008 China's overseas total to more than 846 million, of which 4.36 million trips to mainland China, more than two per 1 above; Because most of the people travel abroad to participate in the tour travel agency, while the high intangible tourism product and market information asymmetry, travel agents, easy to price competition caused by the poor quality of tourism caused by the dispute; tourism consumers who do not understand legal proceedings, often through various channels to Tourism Bureau or the Quality Assurance Association, the com-plainant asked to resolve, not only affect the tourism quality and market order, and the expense of the rights of travelers to increase the social costs of litigation. Therefore, how to bridge the dispute-cum-tourism to strengthen the effectiveness of complaints handling disputes? Yau has closed the public interest in important public issues﹒ With this study, literature review and expert interviews to explore the system, sort-ing out the impact of tourism-cum-effective complaints handling of the dispute may be factors, and the beginning of the proposed dispute-cum-prevention strategy for improv-ing the package of proposals to deal with complaints. Tourism industry in Taiwan and the mainland can flourish, and with tourism de-velopment, tourism and disputes will inevitably grows, and more, the cross-strait dis-putes between the tourism Diego also occur. Taiwan Tourism on the current dispute, there is no quick and effective solution; the mainland, nor to establish a good way to travel the dispute; especially the face of cross-strait disputes between the tourist, but also subject to legal regulations of the differences, leaving the rights of travelers lose their protection. Operating order and disorder of the travel industry, this have been caused by the lack of good tourism dispute handling system. In this study, literature review method, to explore the cross-strait tourism industry in proprietary and standards-related administrative law, civil law norms and criminal law norms. Research method to use the system to understand the business culture of cross-strait tourism industry, marketing, market, consumer behavior of the background. And then to compare the research method to explore the different types of tourism against the background of the dispute, the applicable legal standards differences, as well as relief model of the area differences. The results of this study, people wishing to make up for deficiencies in the existing laws for the future of the amendments to the Act in order to facilitate the travel of the dispute, the real optimal system should effectively carry out the following: Unit1 a sound tourism-related legislation. Unit2 strengthen the tourism administration of the oversight and guidance. Unit3 properly regulate the content and format of travel contracts. Unit4 the use of travel arbitration. If make a sound legal system, then the dispute settlement, will be able to avoid dealing with controversy; and travel insurance is to spread the loss and be assured of the virtue; tourism administrative consolidation, is to promote security enhancements, pipe-line building, the only way to improve quality; the addition of Travel contract, will make clear the relationship between the right to justice, access to adequate compensa-tion; tourism use of arbitration, so that professional arbitrators as an important means of relief. Bing of this, while effective in dealing with travel disputes, and dispute manage-ment system to make travel more healthy. The study, based on research findings to improve prevention strategies in the tourism part of the dispute, namely, the tourism market for a sound mechanism to en-hance the travel industry management, and strengthen the travel industry and tourism consumer advocacy counseling, etc.; in dispute part of improvement strategy for han-dling complaints, namely, for the establishment of Tourism related complaints media-tion operating procedures, addition of tourist complaints and mediating disputes, dedi-cated units to hold mediation professional training, strengthening advocacy to establish a correct concept of the complaint and mediation proposals, etc.; for the Government's policy for reference, hoping to travel on the bridge the disputes and to enhance the qual-ity of tourism can be be helpful. Keywords: Tourism disputes, travel industry management, legal assistance, travel contracts, travel arbitration

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Dolgor, Munkhjargal, and 東嫚. "The Impact of Improved Travel Types in Khuvsgul Lake-basin to the Development of Tourism Industry in Mongolia." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3e2xd9.

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碩士 中華大學 企業管理學系 106 Mongolia is a country that has a vast territory but with a sparse population. The natural landscape of Mongolia has not been spoiled because many places in the country have not been developed yet, and this has provided a wealth of sites for tourism attraction. Mongolia is a landlocked country which attracted tourists for many years due to its clear sky in addition to various natural features such as high mountains, grasslands, canyon, semi-deserts and the Gobi Desert. In terms of infrastructure, the highway connecting Ulaanbaatar to Zamyn Uud is expected to boost tourism, especially Taiwanese tourists who may save a lot of money by taking coach from Beijing to Mongolia. Alternatively, one can take a train connecting Ulaanbaatar to Zamyn Uud. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of improved travel types in Khuvsgul Lake-basin to the development of tourism industry in Mongolia. In this study, quantitative research method has been used with a view to achieving the study objectives. Quantitative research method is usually adopted with a view to portraying profile of situations or persons. Secondary research was adopted in this study and the secondary data was retrieved from the website of National Statistics Bureau of Mongolia. The variables used included the economic contribution of tourism to GDP of Mongolia, purchases by tourism providers, visitor exports, domestic expenditure, internal tourism consumption, domestic supply chain, capital investment, employment impacts, and expenditure on outbound travel. Linear regression and Pearsons correlation coefficient have been used in the analysis of data. It was revealed by the results of this study that improvement of travel types in Khuvsgul Lake-basin has significantly improved tourism industry in Mongolia. The improvement of tourism industry in Mongolia has consequently resulted in the improvement of GDP in Mongolia this was evident in various indicators such as increase in purchases by tourism providers, visitor exports, domestic expenditure, internal tourism consumption, domestic supply chain, capital investment, employment impacts, and expenditure on outbound travel.

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CHENG, WAN-RU, and 鄭琬儒. "The Influence of Different types of “MOE” Endorsers and its' Credibility to Tourism Destination Image and Traveling will." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07882936883693675648.

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碩士 輔仁大學 餐旅管理學系碩士班 105 In recent years, more and more city government using “MOE” endorsers to promote their city. The purposes of this study are to understand different types of “MOE” endorsers’ credibility, and the affection of the “MOE” endorsers’ credibility to tourism destination image and the travelers’ traveling will. The study use factorial experiment design to survey the tourists about the “MOE” endorsers’ credibility (trustworthiness, expertness and attractiveness), the tourism destination image and travelers’ traveling will. The results of the study indicated that original ”MOE” endorser’s credibility is higher than the authorized “MOE” endorser. And the attractiveness of the endorser has significant influence to the tourism destination image and travelers’ traveling will. Hopefully, the results of this study could provide information and suggestions for travel operators to attract tourists effectively and increase their travel intentions.

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Chen, Ching-Yi, and 陳靖宜. "The Study of Shopping Decisions of the Type 1 Mainland Chinese Tourists in Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45037684243006901530.

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碩士 中國文化大學 觀光休閒事業管理研究所 97 This research sample is sent out during the period between April 25th and May 12th, 2009, targeting the Type I Chinese Tourists travelling to Taiwan by direct cross-strait flight in a tour group for the duration of 8 days. Of the 553 questionnaires distributed, 527 questionnaires were collected by May 14th 2009. Excluding the 47 un-completed or poor responses, there are 476 valid responses in the sample 86.08% re-sponse rate. Sampling result: The percentage of male is 57.6%, and female 42.4%. Regarding the marital status, married couples account for 89.1%, singles account for 10.9%. The age distribution mainly falls between the age of 40 to 49 which accounts for 30.9%, and the next is between the age of 50 to 59 which accounts for 26.1%. These two groups combined account for over 50% of the respondents; therefore, the middle age people accounts for the majority of the tourists. People with the high school or secondary tech-nical school education level accounts for the most, which is 53.4%, indicating that the tourists are generally in or above the middle education level. Regarding their occupation, the management staff, at 35.5%, accounts the most. Regarding the place of residence, there are 15 provinces indicated by the data collected, which we divide into 5 regions for analysis: North China accounts for 19%; Northeast China, 12.3%; East China, 41%; South China, 13.2%; and Southwest and Northwest, 14.5%. For personal monthly in-come, 29.6% of the respondents fall between 2,001 to 4,000 RMB, and next 28.4% fall between 4,001 to 6,000 RMB. In addition, the first-time tourists accounts for the most which is 72.8%. Of the reasons for joining the travel tour, most people, 33.4% of the responds, indicate they were invited to accompany their friends and family to travel along. Our survey shows that Mainland Chinese tourists’ main motivation for shopping in Taiwan is “product uniqueness and novelty.” Shopping budget is on average NT$18,226.904. Purchases are based upon information provided by the tour guides or drivers. “Product quality” is the most valued attribute when making purchase decisions. Favorites among the many products are local specialty items such as pine apple cake, rice cake, etc. Average daily shopping expense per person is NT$16,052.48. Shopping locations mainly concentrates on retailers as arranged on the travel itinerary. Shopping time is on average 7.44 hours. Regarding the satisfaction of the retail environment, the responses upon tally comes to a score of 3.85, between “normal” and “satisfied.” Base upon the results from the research, we recommend government departments responsible for tourism to provide supervision and guidance to the tourism-focused re-tailers with clear objectives of improving the retail environment, actively promoting Taiwan products with local distinctiveness, further diversifying the product line-up, and assiduously raising the service quality. We recommend retailers in the travel and tourism industry to design and develop unique souvenir products that embody Taiwan’s charac-teristics and finished products with local features of various scenic spots. We believe that highlighting Taiwanese attributes is the best approach to higher customer satisfac-tion by tourists purchasing Taiwanese products, thereby enhancing Taiwan’s reputation for tourism.

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PŮŽOVÁ, Lucie. "Cestovní ruch a jeho vliv na vybraný region." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-54146.

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The aim of this thesis was to analyze the possibilities of tourism in the Jihlava, and with regard to rural tourism. The theoretical part has been developed from the literature on this issue and the website. In the theoretical part was characterized by the Jihlava region and in tourism and other visitor attractions. The practical part of the preparation of questionnaires and subsequent questionnaires. Questionnaire aimed at objects and guests of rural tourism. Evaluation questionnaires are used to confirm or refute those hypotheses. Poslech Fonetický přepis Slovník - Zobrazit podrobný slovník

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Chung, Pei-Chun, and 鍾佩君. "Investigation of Perceived Value of Chinese Tourist to Taiwan - From Cultural Distance and Preference of Type Selections for Cultural Attractions." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63159203241933360612.

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碩士 國立東華大學 社會暨公共行政學系 99 Cultural attractions have already become the crucial factor to for countries to develop tourism, while the appreciation of selection behavior for cultural attractions among tourists can become the importance guideline to develop cultural and tourism industry in our country. Since our government has lifted ban on tourism for people from mainland China to Taiwan, the population of tourism has continued to grow, while the number of Chinese tourist is considered as the majority, showing the representation and importance of Chinese tourist to our tourism market. Though Chinese tourists are found with similar with cultural background, they have their unique and own culture under diverse development of time and space. It is why this study would like to appreciate the perception value of Chinese tourist towards cultural distance of Taiwan from different countries (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, and Malaysia), and investigate the preference of selection behavior for cultural attractions as well as perception for this travel. This study would conduct from perception value of cultural distance and selection preference of cultural attractions to explore the perception value of Chinese tourist for this travel. As indicated from the study results: 1. factor as “social interaction” is considered as the most highly regarded cognition of cultural distance by Chinese tourist, while “emotional approach” is reckoned as the most highly regarded factor of perception value by Chinese tourist; 2. it is found that there is prominent gap among Chinese from different countries towards cultural distance of Taiwan, while tourist from mainland China is found with the closest in terms of various perceptions for cultural distance to those of Taiwan; 3. it is found that the number of tourist as “mode of cultural similarity” among Chinese tourist to Taiwan accounts the greatest, and they have awarded the highest evaluation of perception value for travel to Taiwan, considered as the most important group for market segregation; 4. cultural distance is found with positive correlation with perception value of travel and satisfaction, but negative correlation with loyalty; 5. it is found that marriage, education, age, income, cognition of emotional approach, cognition of self-enhancement, cognition of attraction function, homogeneity of language, and cognition of perception value and other variables can exert significant impact upon selection preference for cultural attractions.

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SHEN, CHEN PHEN, and 陳鵬升. "The Viewpoints of The Tourists In Different Types of Operation Modes of Leisure Farm－Take Leisure Farms In Central Taiwan as Examples." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78173789693704369137.

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碩士 亞洲大學 休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士班 96 Abstract After Taiwan has become a formal member of World Trade Organization, the participance has brought serious damages to the labor-intensive domestic agriculture.Facing the predicament that make no advantages for the farmers, worrying that the farmers would no longer be willing to engage in agriculture business, and changing the usage of the farmland to other purposes, the government has actively provided effective programs to help traditional farming able to offer itself a more special leisure industry with characteristics of living, eco-agriculture and product.From a survey of the operation value of leisure farming, we learned that from 2003 to 2005, the total incomes of leisure agriculture are over 20 billions, and among each mode of management, the amount that leisure farming made was far higher than that of the others. As a result, we can see that the statistics shows a indicative significance on this research. Besides, because correct idea of leisure farm business has not been well-established yet, farms are not capable of making use of their individual characteristics and work out good programs to suit their business. Therefore, tourists will not satisfy themselves after visiting. Due to this, in order to figure out the factors causing differences of customers’ satisfaction with the tourism, we should undertake a probe in both aspects of environment and the management modes the operator takes. Though leisure farming would bring farmers infinite commercial opportunities, the challenges it encounters arise as the benefit comes. For example, it is not easy for business operators and the government to reach common consensus on the law, the ideality, By using an interview outlined the four aspects of the core strategy, strategic resources, customers’ interfaces and internet values, we acquired information about the management ideals that the farm operators would hold in different kinds of leisure farming. Meanwhile, with a questionnaire done by the tourists, we made an analysis on the customers’ physiologic satisfaction, physiologic satisfaction, service satisfaction and their interests to visit again. The research shows that the inheriting result, the transformation problem, the product scope, the difference basis, the market region, the business investment, the observation planning, the core ability, the propaganda promotion and the advanced training all together play an important role in management ideals.And among those ideals, 9 of the 12 are the must for leisure farm business.In addition, in a survey concerning the tourists’ satisfaction, we found that the non-farming experiencing leisure farms rank the first, the non-farming synthetic leisure farms the second, the synthetic leisure farms the third, and the experiencing leisure farms the least strong.According to this result, we can infer that different management ideals do indeed cause different degrees on the satisfaction of the tourists and on their interests to revisit the farms.As a result, we hope that this research would be taken as a specific reference for the future development of leisure framing industry. Key word：Leisure Farming Industry 、Management Thoughts、Future Development

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Wei, Liu Chia, and 劉嘉偉. "Emotional Effects and Gender Differences on the Choice of the Types of Tourism and Recreation to the Point of View of Mood Repair." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18064473794888940692.

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碩士 僑光科技大學 企業管理研究所 100 In this, starting from the point of view of the mood repair, to investigate the consumers of different sex in the What is the difference between positive and negative mood state for the choice of the type of tourism and recreation. From a variety of mood repair and commodities hedonic literature can see that the consumer through the consumption of goods or services to improve a bad mood, this study lock tourism and recreation as a mood repair of goods, tourism and recreation type of dynamic or static both preferences included in the basis to judge the level of tourism and recreational enjoyment and try to use the mood-repair to explain tourism and recreation as the reason of the mood repair of goods. Consumers for dynamic of static both individual preferences taken into account and found that the pleasure of tourism and recreation will indeed be affected by the preferences of individual consumers. The study found that individual preferences for dynamic or static, will directly affect the consumers of tourism and recreation hedonic level of feelings and therefore can not be summarized on the given dynamic (static) type has a higher hedonic. A total recovery of 308 effective questionnaires, the use of fundamental analysis, T-test, chi-square test, variance analysis carried out empirical analysis; results, male, female consumers in the choice of tourist recreation type of is some difference of, such the results, said consumers need to use tourism and recreation conducted mood restoration, the gender difference may also affect its tourism and recreation to choose. And under different mood states there is indeed a difference in the choice of the type of tourism and recreation by the empirical analysis. Finally, the study found that the type of original consumer preferences on tourism and recreation type there in preferences has a very high pleasure.

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WU, HO-HUI, and 吳禾惠. "A study on tourists’ acceptance for leading in hotel technology product: The moderator of hotel type and technostress." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/czta69.

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碩士 輔仁大學 餐旅管理學系碩士在職專班 106 Along with rapid development of information technology, technology has become an indispensable part of modern life. In recent years, more and more hotels have been exerted technology products to enhance the convenience, fastness and, entertaining of consumers on the use of equipment. This study was taken the consumers of the hotel as the audiences to explore the relationship between the different types of technology learning product was exerted in hotel and the tourists’ acceptance. It was also examined the hotel type and technostress as moderators between the relationship of technology learning products and tourists’ acceptances. The questionnaire was modified from the scale of the literature, and the survey was conducted by means of convenient sampling. The subjects were the consumers who had stayed in hotels in two years. A total of 566 questionnaires were issued and 491 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate was 86.7%. The results of the research data are analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test and variance analysis. The results show that different types of technology learning products has significant influence on tourists’ acceptance, and the technostress has significant differences on the acceptance of type of technology products. But the hotel type has no significant relationship on technology learning product and tourists’ acceptance. This study is expected to provide the results of the analysis to the hotel planning in order to improve the practical benefits of the hotel technology product investment.

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Yang, Su Mei, and 楊淑美. "A study on the motivation, recreational experience and loyalty to slow travel tourists: TRA cruise ship - type trains." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36753506928629894342.

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碩士 國立高雄應用科技大學 觀光與餐旅管理系 97 The leisure and tourism is driven by the kinds of the slow travel for walking, bike and railway. Therefore, the relation among the motivation, recreational experience and loyalty is studied in this paper. It is important meaning that the analytical results can strengthen the education of leisure in the future, the construction planning and marketing Taiwan in order to become an international holy land of slow travel. Because slow travel can increase the health of body, mind and spirit, promote the person’s benefit and quality of life, the activity of slow travel is prosperously developed and established, and the study of slow travel is rarely in domestic and foreign, it is important that how to promote recreational experience for overall satisfaction and wish to revisit. This goal of this study is to understand the travel property of the slow travel tourists, society background in the difference of participating motivation, recreational experience, and overall satisfaction. The participating motivation and the recreational experience for the influence of overall satisfaction and loyalty are studied. Therefore, five hundred fifty data scales were used to of, TRA cruise ship - type trains. The useful data scales were five hundred three. Ninety two percent of recycling data is obtained. Using statistic software package 14.0 SPSS, the statistic method of descriptive statistics, factor analysis, independent t test, one-way ANOVA and multiple stepwise regression analysis, the data of persons being tested can be analyzed statistically. The results show that (1) Most travels first participate. Information was mainly obtained by relatives, friend and website. Travel companions were maximum number at two to four people and accounted for the majority expected was to buy souvenirs. (2) Persons being tested with different society background obviously had part differences for participating motivation, overall satisfaction of recreational experience and loyalty. (3) The participating motivation and overall satisfaction of recreational experience obviously had positive influence. (4) The participating motivation, overall satisfaction and loyalty obviously had part positive influence. (5) The recreational experience for overall satisfaction had not obviously correlated with health care growth, others are positive influence. (6) The overall satisfaction and the loyalty are positive influence, obviously.

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Cheng, Chia-Wen, and 鄭嘉文. "A study on the relationship of industry cluster, strategic type and operational performance — A case in the Taipei international tourist commercial hotel." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27232544298748295062.

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碩士 國立屏東科技大學 企業管理系碩士班 91 Basing on industry cluster heory, this thesis applies Grey Clustering Analysis, Grey Relational Analysis, ANOVA, and Multi-regression to discuss the relationship among cluster effect, strategic type and operational performance in Taipei international tourist commercial hotel industry. From the results of practical investigation, this thesis presents that there indeed exists the industry cluster in Taipei international tourist commercial hotel industry. According to cluster degree, the industry can be divided into three groups: High industry group, Medium industry group and Low industry group basing on Grey Clustering Analysis. By deeply exploring the result, there do be significant differences among the three groups in the strategic type. The relationship between industry cluster and performance has a U-shaped pattern. Therefore, the result of the thesis demonstrates that industry cluster and strategic type are very important factors of the operating performance in Taipei international tourist commercial hotels industry. In the aspect of practical development, this essey suggest the High industry group should consider to enhance networking relationships. The Low industry group might put a higher effort to establish unique characteristics and their own competition advantages. The Medium industry group must be repositioned in order to gain better performance.

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Chen, Chia-Yu, and 陳家榆. "Impact of Media types on Tourist’s Selection of Travel Attractions – A Case Study of Da-Hu Township, Miao-Li County." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j2u67q.

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碩士 亞洲大學 國際企業學系碩士在職專班 102 This study mainly makes research into the correlation among media types, destination image, motivation of selecting travel attractions, and satisfaction of traveling. Using the tourists who had traveled to Da-Hu Township of Miao-Li County to be the samples of this study. This case study sent out 250 copies of questionnaire and collected 205 copies of valid questionnaires and tries to investigate the correlation by using descriptive statistics, factors analysis, ANOVA analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The main results of this study are: 1.There’s a significant difference on the cognition of printed media and the internet media on the destination image. However, there’s no obvious difference on the cognition of TV media. 2.There’s a significant positive impact on the travel information refers to the entertainments and climates of the destination image. However, there’s no obvious impact on the travel information refers to the beauty of surroundings. 3.There’s a significant correlation between the travel information and the satisfaction of traveling. 4.There’s a significant correlation between the cognition of media types, destination images, selection of travel attractions and the satisfaction of traveling refers to the educational background and marital relations of personal attributes. Nevertheless, there’s no obvious impact on the cognition of media types, destination image, selection of travel attractions and the satisfaction of traveling refers to the gender factors and incomes of tourists.

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Jiang, Pei-Xun, and 江佩洵. "A study of Neasuring International Young Tourists'' Lifestyle, Travel Type, Risk Percepations of Travel, and Travel Satisafaction in Taiwan." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/be43z5.

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碩士 銘傳大學 觀光研究所碩士班 94 According to the statistical estimates from World Tourism Organization (WTO), the Youth Tourism is gathering more attention and plays an important role in overall tourism industry (Taipei International Travel Fair, 2003). Tourism Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communication of Taiwan, places greater efforts in developing and promoting youth tourism by becoming a member of the Federation of The Federation Of International Youth Travel Organization”(FIYTO) since 2002. Further, a International Youth Tourist Program was developed to design tourism products/tours and to propose specific and concert marketing strategies to attract international young tourists to visit Taiwan. However little research has been drawn regarding understanding international young tourists’ characteristics, behaviors, perceived risk, and their traveling satisfactions of traveling in Taiwan. The perceived risk could play an important role in tourists’ decision-making about their traveling destination and traveling expectations. Therefore, the purposes of this empirical study are to identify socio-economic characteristics, lifestyles, and travel types of international young tourists who choose Taiwan as their traveling destination and further to demonstrate how international young tourists’ characteristics (including socio-economic characteristics, traveling experience and lifestyle) influence their perceived risks of traveling in Taiwan, and traveling satisfaction. This study used questionnaires as a data collection tool with Chinese, English and Japanese versions and the data for statistical analysis was collected through January to March 2006 from 361 international young tourists from different countries. Data was analyzed by using Descriptive analysis, Factor analysis, Cluster analysis, Chi-square analysis, Discriminant analysis, Independence sample T-test, One-way ANOVA and Correlation analysis. The main results are as followings: 1) International young tourists with different socio-economic characteristics including nationality have statistically significant differences in their travel types and a positive correlation exists between tourists’ age/the number of traveling companies during their trips and travel types；2) International young tourists with different socio-economic characteristics including their nationality and gender have statistically significant differences in their perceived risks of traveling and a positive correlation exists between tourists’ age and their perceived risks of traveling；3) International young tourists with different travel types have statistically significant differences in their perceived risks of traveling；4) International young tourists with different socio-economic characteristics including nationality, level of education, occupation, average monthly income have statistically significant differences in traveling satisfaction and a positive correlation exists between age and traveling satisfaction；5) International young tourists with different travel types have statistically significant differences in their traveling satisfactions；6) Strong positive correlation between perceived risks of traveling and traveling satisfaction is found. In addition, based on the empirical research results, this study has also proposed detailed suggestions with regards to the government and enterprises of travel related industry.

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