Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Tontit"
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Hogan, Robert E. "Aspects of tonic accommodation and tonic vergence". Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14586/.
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Under conditions of reduced visual stimulation, the systems of accommodation and vergence tend towards physiological resting states that are intermediate within their functional range. The terms tonic accommodation (TA) and tonic vergence (TV) are used in the study to describe these stimulus-free, intermediate adjustments and to represent the systems as being in a state of innervational tonicity. The literature relating to TA and TV and the various experiments of this thesis are reviewed. Methodology has been developed enabling the determination of TA and TV under conditions of total darknessl laser optometry for TA and ~ernier-alignment for TV. The thesis describes a series of experiments designed to investigate various aspects of TA and TV, and their role in ametropia, binocular vision and their adaptation to sustained visual tasks. Measurements of TA were also utilised to investigate the effect of various autonomic effector drugs on the ciliary muscle. The effects of ethanol on binocular function are shown to be directly proportional to the .initial level of TVJ which is itself unaffected. These results support the concept of TV as the reference point for normal vergence responses. The results of the pharmacological investigations indicate the presence of a small but significant, beta-receptor mediated inhibitory sympathetic input to the ciliary muscle, and that the wide distribution in TA is a consequence of inter-observer variations in parasympathetic, rather than sympathetic tone. Following interaction with visual tasks of t5mins duration, the levels of TA and TV are found to be biased in the direction of, and proportional to, the task position: except during near-task viewing where the task-to-TA stimulus-distance exceeds 1.5D (for TA) and 3.5deg (for TV). Under these conditions the expected level of bias is attenuated, Adaptive models are discussed, proposing TA and TV as the reference points of the accommodative and vergence system.
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Miller, Heather Anne. "Tonto and Tonto speak an indigenous based film theory /". Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/miller/MillerH0506.pdf.
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Purwins, Hendrik. "Profiles of pitch classes - circularity of relative pitch and key experiments, models, music analysis, and perspectives /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976732440.
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Tran, Hoang Dieu. "Les opérations tontinières d'épargne". Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020059/document.
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Il est des notions servant d’architecture aux opérations d’épargne tellement anciennes, voire un tantinet désuètes et « exotiques », qu’elles finissent par n’intéresser qu’une poignée de spécialistes. C’est le cas de la tontine qui occupe une place résolument atypique et différenciée. Son traitement est tout aussi significatif que paradoxal. À son évocation, contrairement aux autres techniques juridiques et malgré sa relative confidentialité, n’importe quel particulier est capable de tracer une trame, peu ou prou précise, mais néanmoins avec une constance dès lors qu’il s’agit de ses deux points cardinaux que sont la survie, comme condition exécutoire, et la mort, comme condition résolutoire. Mais là s’arrête la bonne intuition et commencent un ensemble de malentendus ainsi qu’une certaine amphibologie. De prime abord, l’histoire de la tontine ne peut être écrite au singulier. Elle a changé d’objet à trois reprises, de 1653 à nos jours. Quand bien même son régime est parvenu à se stabiliser, la tontine est redevenue multiforme, faisant intervenir alternativement la vie et le décès comme fondement de l’extinction des obligations. Ensuite, sa représentation est toujours occultée par des récits des abus alors que la loi du 17 mars 1905 est parvenue à les sécuriser définitivement. Enfin, les démarches d’introspection ont été continuellement ramenées à la comparaison avec l’assurance vie. Peu convaincantes, elles butent toutes sur le postulat intangible qui sépare la tontine de l’assurance. De là, il faut définitivement se convaincre que la tontine est une opération d’épargne sui generis, définie par huit éléments constitutifs, dotée d’un droit spécial et couverte par le Code des assurances (articles R.322-139 à R.322-159)There are architectural notions related to savings’ plans so ancient, even indeed slightly outmoded and « exotic », that they end up interesting only a handful of specialists. This is the case of tontine which fills a resolutely atypical and differentiated niche. Its processing is as significant as it is paradoxical. In fact, unlike other legal techniques and despite its relative confidentiality, any individual is capable of drawing a more or less accurate yet constant framework, that it includes two cardinal points which are survival as an execution clause, and death as a cancellation clause. But good intuition stops there and a whole series of misunderstandings begin, as does a certain amphibology. At first sight, tontine history cannot be written in a singular mode. Tontine has changed its object three times, from 1653 to this day. Although its system had become reliable, tontine merged again into a many-faceted profile, applying alternately, life and death events as a foundation of obligation extinction. Furthermore, tontine representation is always overshadowed by a sulphurous reputation even though the March 17th 1905 bill managed to definitely secure these operations. Finally, introspection initiatives have been continuously reduced to a comparison with life insurance. Unconvincing, they always trip over the intangible premise which separates tontine from insurance. From there, it is unequivocal that tontine is a sui generis savings’ plan, defined by eight constitutive elements, endowed with a specific legal system and covered by the insurance code (articles R.322-139 to R.322-159)
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Ninh, Thi Sinh. "Le mouvement de rénovation bouddhique au Tonkin : le cas de l’Association bouddhique du Tonkin (1934-1945)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3077.
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Dans le contexte colonial, le bouddhisme était dans une situation critique. Du sud au nord, les appels des moines et des laïcs se font entendre en faveur d'une réforme en profondeur, comme le montre la voie de la rénovation bouddhique dans d'autres pays asiatiques, notamment en Chine. Fondée le 6 novembre 1934 par décision du Résident supérieur du Tonkin, l’Association bouddhique du Tonkin réunit autour de son projet un grand nombre de personnes, issues de classes sociales très différentes, afin d’œuvrer à la rénovation bouddhique. Ceci à destinations des fidèles comme des religieux avec l'objectif de rendre le bouddhisme conforme à sa doctrine, et en même temps adapté à la société dans laquelle ils vivent. En bénéficiant de nouveaux facteurs dans la vie culturelle et intellectuelle, l’Association bouddhique possède des outils modernes pour une meilleure compréhension et une diffusion plus large vers le public. Elle édite des livres et une revue, Đuốc Tuệ considérée comme son moyen privilégié pour guider les fidèles dans leur pratique quotidienne du bouddhisme dans un monde moderne. Le bouddhisme d’engagement social promu par l'association, démontre que la pratique du bouddhisme ne signifie pas seulement de prières, d’aller à la pagode et faire des offrandes. Le bouddhiste moderne c’est celui qui s’engage dans la société de son temps à travers des actions concrètes en respectant les valeurs morales bouddhiques. Par son influence dans la société, l’Association bouddhique est une version moderniste dans le domaine religieux, ce qui contribue à construire le bouddhisme moderne au Vietnam avec un nouveau visage et un nouvel esprit, l’esprit d’engagement socialIn the colonial context, Buddhism was in a critical situation. From north to south, under the influence of the movement to revive Buddhism in other Asian countries, especially in China, monks and lay people called for an extensive reformation. Founded on November 6 1934 by the decision of the governor of the Tonkin, the Tonkin Buddhist Association brought together a large number of members, from many different social classes to carry out the Buddhist revival and to address to two subjects, believers and monks, with the aim of bringing Buddhism as a religious consistent with its doctrine and the society in which they live. Inheriting the new factors in the cultural and intellectual lives, including the adoption of quốc ngữ, and the development of the press and publishing, Buddhist Association had the modern tools to explain and spread widely Buddhist teachings for better understanding to the public. It published books and magazine, Đuốc Tuệ (Flambeau de la Spiritualité), in the national language, considered as its preferred way to guide buddhism believers in their daily practice in the modern world. Social engagement of Buddhism promoted by the association, meant that the practice of Buddhism was that the modern Buddhists not only prayed, went to the temples, and offered, but also had to engage to their living society, through practical actions in accordance with the Buddhist moral values. Thanks to its influence of the society, the Tonkin Buddhist Association was a unique symbol of the innovation in the religious field, which contributed to building of the modern Buddhism in Vietnam with a new face and a new spirit, the spirit of social engagement
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Ågren, Karin. "Immune response in human tonsil tissue /". Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2714-6.
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Soares, Guilherme Rafael. "Luteria composicional de algoritmos pós-tonais". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/112.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Esta pesquisa sistematiza um catálogo de experimentos constituído de estudos musicais e seus algoritmos geradores, organizando procedimentos para composição assistida por computador orientados por regras derivadas de análises musicais de contexto pós-tonal. Os procedimentos são inspirados em apontamentos de estudos sobre pós-tonalidade no compositor Béla Bartók, encontrados nas obras de Lendvai (1971), Antokoletz (1984), Cohn (1991) e Suchoff (2004). Problematizam-se aqui os conceitos de ciclos intervalares, eixos de simetria, polimodalismo e peculiaridades de coleções referenciais de classes de altura - conforme sugestões de Forte (1973), Straus (2004) e Susanni e Antokoletz (2012). São detalhadas questões computacionais para esta implementação, utilizando como base as ferramentas OpenMusic e biblioteca Python Music21. Um legado em código aberto fica disponível para continuidades possíveis deste trabalho.
This research produces a catalog of experiments in musical studies and its related generative algorithms, organizing procedures for computer aided composition oriented by constraints extracted from post-tonal musical analyses. The procedures are inspired by post-tonality studies of Béla Bartók’s music, found in the works of Lendvai (1971), Antokoletz (1984), Cohn (1991) and Suchoff (2004). Main focus on problematization of interval cycles, symmetry axis, polymodalism and peculiarity of referencial collections from pitch-class set theory - as sugested by Forte (1973), Straus (2004) and Susanni e Antokoletz (2012). Details of computational issues for the implementation, using the open source tools OpenMusic and Music21 (python library) as base.
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Martins, Marcus Vinicíus Moreira. "Alvos tonais: unidades fonético-fonológicas da entoação". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-15052018-104642/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver nossa hipótese em torno dos alvos tonais, que seriam unidades fonético-fonológicas responsáveis pela mediação entre o nível representacional da entoação e o nível físico da implementação de F0. Os alvos tonais foram divididos em duas grandes categorias, topológicos e pontuais. Os primeiros ocorrem em um espaço limitado, denominado por Ferreira-Netto (2008) de tom médio. Os limites desse espaço são definidos pelos limiares de diferenciação tonal (LDT) e estão a +3 e -4 semitons do tom médio. Além e aquém destes limiares encontram-se as faixas de frequência do Foco/Ênfase. Nestas faixas os tons passam a ser eventos relevantes para os ouvintes que podem atribuir significados a eles. Aos tons que ocorrem nessa região demos o nome de pontual, uma vez que são eventos específicos. Para testar essa hipótese aplicamos o teste 1, no qual era solicitado aos participantes que repetissem uma sentença pré-gravada dotada de uma divisão entoacional marcante: na primeira parte tratava-se de uma voz masculina entoando uma frase declarativa, na segunda parte uma voz feminina entoando uma frase interrogativa. De um total de 15 participantes obtivemos 24 amostras, contando repetições intra-sujeitos. A análise foi conduzida em duas etapas, na primeira avaliamos a capacidade do falante detectar o alvo tonal topológico subjacente à primeira parte do estímulo e reproduzi-lo. Na segunda etapa, avaliamos a capacidade do falante em detectar o alvo pontual caracterizado pela interrogativa e implementá-lo em sua fala. A análise da primeira condição foi feita por meio do que denominamos índice de relação (ir), que media o grau de correlação entre o estímulo e a repetição do falante. A análise revelou que os participantes demonstraram uma grande acuidade na execução da tarefa, o que sugere que os falantes são capazes de monitorar a implementação da frequência fundamental, a partir da detecção dos alvos topológicos. Já a segunda análise demonstra que a implementação dos alvos pontuais pode ser aleatória em certa medida, uma vez que ela não precisa respeitar um limite específico, apenas um limiar. Na segunda parte do trabalho aplicamos um método semelhante, voltado à análise da fala emotiva atuada em três condições: raiva, tristeza e neutra. A frase consistia de um trecho de um livro de ciências lido nessas três emoções por atrizes profissionais, a análise por meio de testes de hipótese (n=196, p<0,005) revelou que os alvos topológicos entre as condições eram distintos, o que sugere que o espaço entoacional e a variação de frequência em seu interior podem ser uma pista significativa para a distinção da fala emotiva.The main purpose of this work is develop our hypothesis about the tonal targets, which would be phonological-phonetic units responsible for the mediation between the representational level of the intonation and the physical level of the implementation of F0. The tonal targets were divided into two major categories, topological and punctual. The first occur in a limited space, and is called by Ferreira-Netto (2008) as midtone. The boundaries of this space are defined by the tonal differentiation thresholds (TDT) and are specified at +3 and -4 semitones from the midtone. Beyond these thresholds are the Focus/Emphasis frequency bands. In these bands the tones become relevant events to the listeners who are able to attribute meanings to them. the tones that occur in this region we gave the name of punctual, since they are specific events. To test this hypothesis, we applied test 1, in which participants were asked to repeat a pre-recorded sentence with a striking intonational division: in the first part it was a male voice spealing a declarative phrase, in the second part a female voice speaking an interrogative phrase. From 15 participants we obtained 24 samples, counting intra-subject repetitions. The analysis was conducted in two stages, in the first one we evaluated the ability of the speaker to detect the topological tonal target underlying the first part of the stimulus and to reproduce it. In the second step, we evaluated the ability of the speaker to detect the punctual target characterized by the interrogative and implement it in his speech. The analysis of the first condition was done by means of what we call the relationship index (ir), which measures the degree of correlation between the stimulus and the repetition of the speaker. The analysis revealed that the participants demonstrated a great acuity in the execution of the task, which suggests that the speakers are able to monitor the fundamental frequency implementation, from the detection of the topological targets. The second analysis, on the other hand, shows that the implementation of specific targets can be random to some extent, since it does not need to respect a specific limit, only a threshold. In the second part of the work we apply a similar method, focused on the analysis of emotional speech, in three conditions: anger, sadness and neutrality. The phrase consisted of an excerpt from a science book, read in these three emotions by professional actresses. The analysis, using hypothesis tests (n = 196, p <0.005), revealed that the topological targets between the conditions were distinct, suggesting the intonational space and the variation of frequency in its interior can be a significant clue to the distinction of the emotive speech.
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Callies, de Salies Bruno. "Le protectorat francais du tonkin (1884-1896)". Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30006.
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Cette periode de la fin du 19e siecle correspond a la creation de ce que certains appellent "le second empire colonial francaise". Certes, dans ce prodigieux mouvement d'exploration entrepris par les pays d'europe pour decouvrir de nouvelles terres et surtout de nouveaux marches, la peninsule indochinoise et le tonkin ont un role limite. Dans cette region du sud-est asiatique, anglais et francais luttent pour etendre leur domination afin de s'assurer des bases solides pour conquerir les hypothetiques marches de la chine meridionale. Partie des indes, l'angleterre s'etend vers la birmanie et "conseille" le siam, royaume puissant et peuple. La france, implantee en cochinchine depuis le second empire, espere etendre son influence sur l'empire d'annam et surtout sur le delta du fleuve rouge, apres l'exploration de doudart de lagree, qui montre que le mekong n'est pas la voie de penetration qui mene vers la chine. En 1883, la mort du commandant riviere au tonkin declenche le processus de conquete et de pacification. Malgre de multiples changements de ministeres, de gouverneurs generaux, de grands administrateurs, la politique coloniale de la france au tonkin s'affine et permet de mettre en place un appareil administratif. En dix ans, on passe du regime militaire au regime civil, puis a une evolution permanente de ce dernier: creation de l'union indochinoise (en 1887). .This period of the end of the 19th century corresponds to what some call " the second french colonial empire. " yet, in this fantastic exploration movement undertaken by europeans countries in order to discover new terrtories and particularly new markets. The indochinese peninsular and tonkin had a limited role. In this region of south east asia, the english and the french fought to spread their control and to secure strong bases in order to conquest the hypothetical markets of southern china. Having started from the india empire, england spread towards birma and became "councellors" of siam, a powerful and crowed country. Having settled in cochinchina since the second empire, france hoped to spread her influence on the annam empire and particularly on the delta of the red river, after the exploration performer by doudart de lagree which showed that the mekong river was not the way of penetration to reach china. In 1883, the death of major riviere in tonkin launched the process of conquest and pacification of annam-tonkin. In spite of numerous changes of governments, general governors, and the high administrators, the french colonial policy in tonkin became more effective and enabled. .
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Nguyen, Nguyet Minh. "Caractéristiques des marées dans le Golfe du Tonkin". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017434.
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Le golfe du Tonkin, située dans la mer de l'Est/la mer de Chine du Sud, est une zone de fort intérêt écologique, touristique et économique. Améliorer notre connaissance de ses processus hydro-sédimentaires (transport de particules en suspension) est d'une grande importance. L'objectif scientifique de cette étude est de revoir les processus physiques dominants qui caractérisent la dynamique des marées dans le golfe du Tonkin en utilisant un modèle à haute résolution et la combinaison de toutes les données disponibles. Une attention particulière est donc accordée à un examen croisé du modèle, des marégraphes et de l'altimétrie en zone côtière, ainsi qu'à l'étalonnage du modèle dérivé d'un ensemble d'expériences de sensibilité aux paramètres. Le bilan d'énergie des marées du golfe (flux d'énergie et de dissipation) est ensuite analysé et ses propriétés de résonance sont évaluées et comparées avec des modèles idéalisés et les observations. Ensuite, la marée résiduelle eulérienne et lagrangienne est évaluée. Enfin, on montre que le mélange de marée ne suffit pas à expliquer les structures frontales observées et associées à des concentrations élevées de chlorophylle.
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Nguyen, Nguyet Minh. "Caractéristiques des marées dans le Golf du Tonkin". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834656.
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Le golfe du Tonkin, située dans la mer de l'Est/la mer de Chine du Sud, est une zone de fort intérêt écologique, touristique et économique. Améliorer notre connaissance de ses processus hydro-sédimentaires (transport de particules en suspension) est d'une grande importance. L'objectif scientifique de cette étude est de revoir les processus physiques dominants qui caractérisent la dynamique des marées dans le golfe du Tonkin en utilisant un modèle à haute résolution et la combinaison de toutes les données disponibles. Une attention particulière est donc accordée à un examen croisé du modèle, des marégraphes et de l'altimétrie en zone côtière, ainsi qu'à l'étalonnage du modèle dérivé d'un ensemble d'expériences de sensibilité aux paramètres. Le bilan d'énergie des marées du golfe (flux d'énergie et de dissipation) est ensuite analysé et ses propriétés de résonance sont évaluées et comparées avec des modèles idéalisés et les observations. Ensuite, la marée résiduelle eulérienne et lagrangienne est évaluée. Enfin, on montre que le mélange de marée ne suffit pas à expliquer les structures frontales observées et associées à des concentrations élevées de chlorophylle.
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McClory, Susan E. "EXTRATHYMIC T CELL DEVELOPMENT IN THE HUMAN TONSIL". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337869093.
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Weitzman, Kim. "The Relevance of Crises: The Tonkin Gulf Incidents". Connect to online version at OhioLINK ETD Connect to online version at Digital.Maag, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/4788.
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Phạm, Thúy Hương. "Transition de la nuptialité au Viêt-Nam : le cas du delta du fleuve Rouge". Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H061.
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En Asie, la transition de la nuptialité est en cours depuis les années 1970, partant du modèle traditionnel vers le modèle " moderne " qui se caractérise par un recul de l’âge au premier mariage, une augmentation de la proportion des célibataires définitifs, un accroissement de l'instabilité conjugale et une tendance plus individualiste dans la formation des couples. Bien que le Viêt-Nam, comme la plupart des pays asiatiques, n'ait pas un niveau de développement élevé et reste attache à sa culture traditionnelle, il présente des caractéristiques socio-économiques spécifiques. Dans ce contexte, comment la transition de la nuptialité se passe-t-elle au Viêt-Nam ? Cette recherche, consacrée à la population du delta du fleuve rouge, veut apporter des réponses à la question posée. Les différents aspects de la nuptialité ont été examines : la formation des couples ; le calendrier et l'intensité du premier mariage ; les relations sexuelles prénuptiales et la rupture d'union, en particulier le divorce. Les résultats obtenus ont mis en évidence un modèle de transition avec quatre types d'évolution dans les comportements : la rupture, la continuité, l'innovation et un certain retour au mariage traditionnelIn Asia, the nuptiality transition began in the 1970s, with marriage patterns moving from the traditional patterns to the "modem" ones, characterized by a drop in the age at first marriage, a growth of never-married people, an increase of conjugal instability, and a move towards love marriage, away from arranged marriages. Vietnam, like some of its Asian neighbors, has a relatively low level of economic development, a strong sense of preservation of traditional culture, but Vietnam is also unique in some ways. How does marriage transition take place in such a context, then? We try to find answers to that question, using data from the red river delta population. Different aspects of nuptiality have been examined: couple formation ; timing and prevalence of first marriage ; premarital sexual relations and splitting of unions, particularly divorce. The results of this research have revealed a transition pattern containing four types of behavior development: breaking off, going on, innovation and return to traditional marriage
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Fyson, Sarah J. "Tonic GABAa current in absence epilepsy". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55034/.
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Typical absence seizures are characteristic of many idiopathic generalised epilepsies and the only seizure-type in childhood absence epilepsy. We know that absence seizures arise in thalamocortical networks and that GABAergic agents exacerbate or induce absences. Furthermore, raised levels of GABA have been identified in the ventrobasal thalamus in an established genetic animal model (genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg GAERS), which was later suggested as a result of aberrant GABA uptake. I have shown that enhanced tonic GABAa current in TC neurons of the VB is a common phenomenon across genetic and pharmacological models of absence seizures. Furthermore, my data show that increased extrasynaptic GABAaR (cGABAaR) function in the VB is both sufficient and necessary to induce SWDs. This is supported by the fact that focal intrathalamic application of a selective agonist for eGABAARs, THIP, was sufficient to elicit SWDs in normal animals and that mice lacking cGABAaRs were resistant to absence seizure induction by y-butyrolactone. Moreover, I have presented data that directly implicate aberrant type-1 GABA transporters (GAT-1) in SWD generation in vivo, with GAT-1 knockout mice exhibiting spontaneous SWDs and focal thalamic administration of the GAT-1 blocker, N0711, inducing SWDs in normal rats a potential new model of absence epilepsy. In addition, my data indicate that activation of postsynaptic GABAbRs enhances tonic GABAA current, presumably via the Gl o protein coupled adenyl cyclase pathway, which was present under control conditions and occurred in several brain areas. This postsynaptic GABAb-cGABAaR link is further supported by the fact that GBL failed to induce SWDs in 5-subunit knockout mice. Thus, one of the cellular thalamic pathologies that characterises absence seizures is an astrocyte-specific aberrant GAT-1 with the resulting elevated extracellular GABA level enhancing tonic GABAa current through two mechanisms: direct activation of high affinity eGABAARs and indirect increase in eGABAAR function due to activation of postsynaptic GABAbRs.
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Kirkpatrick, William Niall Alexander. "The functional morphology of the human nasopharyngeal tonsil (adenoid)". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338992.
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Wood, Jennifer Irene. "Framing the Albertian triptych : cinematic fragments, the divine fool and the dissolution of the comic mask in Rafael Alberti’s Yo era un tonto y lo que he visto me ha hecho dos tontos". Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440679.
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Atcherley, Christopher Wade. "Voltammetric Measurements Of Tonic And Phasic Neurotransmission". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338965.
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To understand how the brain functions and what disruptions underlie neurological diseases and disorders, analytical methods are needed that can succeed in the complexity of the native brain environment. To make a measurement in functioning, live tissue, these methods must be selective for specific analytes in a matrix that has over 1000 different chemical species, be able to measure chemical changes on multiple timescales (10-3 s to 104 s), have a high spatial resolution (μm), and be sensitive (pM to μM). The work described within, details the development and application of a voltammetric method, fast-scan controlled adsorption voltammetry (FSCAV) that is capable of monitoring baseline levels of serotonin and dopamine, as well as monitoring changes on multiple time scales with high sensitivity and selectivity. Because FSCAV is performed using a carbon-fiber microelectrode, the same sensor can be used for fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to monitor rapid (phasic) changes of dopamine and serotonin in the extracellular space. Thus a single-sensor strategy for measuring tonic and phasic concentrations of these important neurotransmitters is developed and used to elucidate important insight into the differences of serotonin and dopamine regulation. Additionally it is revealed that dopamine exhibits a coaction between tonic and phasic signaling where serotonin does not. Using this approach, a method for evaluating pain processing in a preclinical model is developed, which reveals an important relationship between chronic pain and dopamine signaling. Furthermore, a mathematical model to describe mass-transport limited adsorption is developed and used to determine the diffusion coefficient of both dopamine and serotonin in situ. The work described within details an important advancement in neuroanalytical methodology that will provide new insights both short-term and long-term for studying fundamental chemical mechanisms of neurotransmission.
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Stoffle, Richard W. "Tonto National Monument Cultural Landscape Assessment Presentation". Bureau of Applied Research in Applied Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292645.
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Tạ, Thị Thúy. "Les Concessions agricoles françaises au Tonkin de 1884 à 1918". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0104.
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L'histoire des concessions agricoles francaises au tonkin de 1884 a 1918 est envisagee sous l'angle de la formation socio-economique selon les deux points de vue de structure economique et de structure sociale comprenant les resultazts et les consequences qu'elles ont provoques dans l'economie coloniale et la societe rurale. De cela il resulte des problemes a presenter : - l'aspect historique et juridique du sujet : la voie rurale traditionnelle ; l'espace rurale et l'occupation francaise des terrains ruraux domaniaux ; la reglementation des concessions des terres ; - l'encouragement administratif et l'etablissement des concessions : les initiatives de l'administration en faveur de l'agriculture et des concessions ; le processus de l'etablissement des concessions et les premieres influences de la colonisation agricole. - les concessionnaires et la main d'oeuvre : l'effectif, la propriete et la situation socio-professionnelle des colons-concessionnaires du tonkin, le recrutement, la reglementation et les trois modes de l'emploi de la main d'oeuvre agricole. - la mise en valeur des terres, la production : les concessions, les superficies mises en exploitation ; l'utilisation du sol, les activites et leurs resultats. Conclusion : le bilan economique et socialThe history of the french agricultural concessions in tonkin between 1884 and 1918 is seen through the socio-economic perspective according the two point of views of economical structure and social structure. This contains the results and the consequences that the concessions had provoked withing colonial economy and rural society. As a result, we will deal with the following problems : - the historical and legal aspect of the topic : traditional rural life ; the agricultural areas and french occupation of the state domains ; regulating the concessions of lands. - incitement of administration for the creation of concessions and in favor of agriculture ; the process of the development of the sucessions and the first influence of rural colonisation. - the concession holders and the manpower : the people, the property and the socio-professional situation of the concession holders in tonkin, hiring, regulation, the three ways of employment of rural manpower. Exploitation of fields, production : concessions, worked surfaces, utilization of the ground, activities and their results. Conclusion : economic and social results
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Virgili, Fabrice. "Les tontes des femmes accusées de collaboration en France, 1943-1946". Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0062.
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De 1943 a 1946 la tonte de la chevelure a ete massivement pratiquee a l'encontre de femmes accusees d'avoir collabore avec l'occupant allemand. A partir de sources aussi variees que complementaires (dossiers des commissions d'epuration et des cours de justice, procesverbaux de gendarmerie, photographies, films, rapports de prefets et commissaires de la republique, presse clandestine et de la liberation) la realite de cette violence punitive est desormais mieux connue. Pres de 20000 femmes de tous ages et de toutes professions ont ete tondues sur l'ensemble du territoire francais, a huis clos comme sur la place publique. La diversite des tontes interdit toute explication univoque. Les tontes sont une des manifestations les plus visible de l'epuration. Leur etude revele d'une part l'imbrication entre les formes extra-judiciaires et legales du chatiment et d'autre part la necessite de considerer, du fait de la volonte d'une grande partie de la population de participer au chatiment des traitres, l'epuration comme un phenomene social. Le cadre local dans lequel se deroulent les tontes met constamment en relation l'individuel et le collectif et illustre les processus d'adhesion du singulier a une communaute locale ou nationale. Enfin par son caractere attentatoire au feminin, la tonte est une violence sexuee, elle souleve le probleme des relations entre les sexes et de la (re)construction des identites feminines et masculines a la sortie de la guerre au moment meme ou les francaises accedent a la citoyennete.
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Szecsko, Tibor. "Implantation et engagement de la Légion étrangère au Tonkin : 1914-1941". Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30053.
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Szecsko, Tibor. "Implantation et engagement de la Légion étrangère au Tonkin, 1914-1941". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610160q.
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Fenner, Patti R. "RIPARIAN PHOTOPOINT PROGRAM ON THE TONTO NATIONAL FOREST". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621695.
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Permanent riparian photopoints (repeat photography of streamside points) are a widely used monitoring method for situations where there are many streams to monitor, and little time to do it. They often display dramatic changes in these dynamic ecosystems – changes that are brought about by management of permitted and non-permitted activities, flood, drought, and fire. Most of all, they help us to learn more about the relationship of riparian areas to uplands, and how riparian ecosystems function.
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Stoffle, Richard W., Rebecca Toupal, Vlack Kathleen Van, de Valdes Rachel Diaz, Sean O'Meara e Jessica Medwied-Savage. "Native American Ethnographic Study of Tonto National Monument". Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/271212.
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Tonto National Monument was established by President Theodore Roosevelt on December 19, 1907 in order to protect and preserve the cliff structures and other archeological sites that were deemed places of “great ethnographic, scientific and educational interest” for future generations. The land that encompasses Tonto National Monument has been used by Native American peoples for at least 10,000 years. For the purpose of addressing their consultation responsibilities under the federal law and mandates, the National Park Service contracted with the Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology (BARA) at the University of Arizona (UofA) to complete a Native American site interpretation study at Tonto National Monument.
The purpose of this study is to bring forth Native American perspectives and understandings of the land and the resources. This study has helped to foster relationships between the Monument and the tribes. Close relationships with contemporary tribes hold the potential of learning more about the Monument’s cultural history and its continuing significance to Indian peoples. This increased awareness of contemporary Indian ties to the Monument, and to the surrounding region, will help the NPS design interpretative programs and manage resources in a culturally sensitive manner.
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Jenkner, Stefanie. "Neither white nor male Identität in Toni Morrisons Sula und Paradise /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971962863.
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Timothy, Ellen L. "Individuation and the paradox of love : Toni Morrison's pedagogy of transformation and healing /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7543.
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Jeskova, Joanna. "The interiority and communical integration of trauma in Toni Morrison's Beloved". Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23212.
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Garavaglia, Gian Luciano. "De l'idéologie à la réalité coloniale : l'élaboration d'une structure juridique au Tonkin colonial entre rhétoriques, représentations, régimes politiques et influences réciproques (1886-1931)". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC045.
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Cette thèse s'intéresse à l'élaboration et la mise en pratique d'une structure juridique au Tonkin colonial afin d'éclaircir les spécificités du régime politique colonial et de comprendre la diversité des modalités de la domination coloniale française dans un processus de confrontation entre les mécanismes théoriques métropolitains et le principe de réalité coloniale. Cette recherche se concentre sur le Tonkin en particulier car il occupe une place spécifique dans la politique française au Viêt Nam, un territoire où la France s'appuie sur les structures politiques centralisées précoloniales pour concevoir son modèle politique colonial. Le protectorat tonkinois singulier incarne la quintessence du pragmatisme colonial français et constitue l'outil politico-territorial qui s'intègre au mieux à la présence d'organisations étatiques précoloniales et au processus général d'asservissement colonial. Ce système politique spécifique amène à la superposition de deux modèles judiciaires dissemblables pour former une armature juridique hétéroclite d'une complexité inouïe dont nous allons essayer de comprendre et d'analyser la création conceptuelle, la mise en pratique et le fonctionnement. Notre recherche s'attarde sur une période de l'histoire du Tonkin qui court des prémices de la colonisation française, en 1886, jusqu'à l'assujettissement complet des organisations politiques locales à « l'Etat » colonial indochinois au début des années 1930. La période englobe l'ensemble du spectre des constructions politiques coloniales avant que l'effervescence des mouvements modernistes et anticolonialistes ne perturbe l'équilibre sur lequel il reposeThis thesis focuses on the development and implementation of a legal structure in colonial Tonkin in order to clarify the specifics of the colonial political system and understand the terms of the diversity of the French colonial domination in a process of confrontation between theoretical metropolitan mechanisms and colonial principle reality. This research focuses on Tonkin because it occupies a special place in French politics in Vietnam, an area in which France relies on centralized precolonial political structures to design its colonial political model. The singular Tonkin protectorate embodies the quintessence of French colonial pragmatism. This specific political system leads to the superposition of two dissimilar legal models to form a heterogeneous legal framework of unprecedented complexity, which we will try to understand by analyzing thL: conceptuel creation, implementation and operation. Our research focuses on a period of Tonkin history that runs from the beginning of the French colonization in 1886, to a complete subjugation of local political organizations, to the colonial Indochinese "State" in the early 1930s. The period encompasses the entire spectrum of colonial political structures before the effervescence of anti-colonial and modernist movements disturb that political organization
30
Jovicic, Senka. "Den korta mötet i vården : Litteraturstudie med tonvikt på mötet med röntgensjuksköterskan". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6305.
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Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att röntgensjuksköterskor som gör patienterna delaktiga genom att tillhandahålla information gör det möjligt för patienterna att förstå och själv ta aktiv roll i sin undersökning vilket leder till mindre oro. Med kunskaper och erfarenheter kunde röntgensjuksköterskorna stödja patienterna i samband med undersökningen vilket skapade förtroende och säkerställde trygg atmosfär. Dock kunde sjuksköterskorna även visa brist på känslomässigt engagemang samt bristande förmåga att kommunicera när de var upptagen med praktiska arbetsuppgifter.
Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva patientens upplevelse av det korta mötet inom vården, med tanken att finna överförbarhet till möte med en röntgensjuksköterska.
Metod: Litteraturstudie med en kvalitativ ansats och med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Studien inkluderade tio vetenskapliga artiklar, som beskriver möten med vården på röntgen, akut- och operationsavdelning.
Resultat: Resultatet speglar patienternas upplevelser av korta möten, med tonvikten lagd på möten med röntgensjuksköterskor. I resultatet kan referens till källmaterial och dess kontext, såsom röntgen-, akut- och operationsavdelning, utläsas. Dataanalysen resulterade tre huvudkategorier: att bli bekräftad, att uppleva trygghet och att känna maktlöshet. I kategorierna finns totalt sju subkategorier inkluderade. Patienterna kände sig respekterade och bekräftade som individer när sjuksköterskan lyssnade på dem samt tog deras klagomål och önskemål på allvar. Patienterna upplevde trygghet när sjuksköterskan uttryckte intresse och gav dem relevant information. Patienterna upplevde däremot maktlöshet när det var svårt att få kontakt med sjuksköterskan samt göra sina åsikter hörda.
Slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att patienternas upplevelser av korta möten med röntgensjuksköterskor är allmängiltiga i den bemärkelsen att de kan sägas gälla för verksamheter såsom röntgen-, akut- och operationsavdelning. Dock är det viktigt att poängtera att varje möte med en patient är unikt, vilket innebär att varje patient ska bemötas på ett sätt som skapar förutsättningar för ett välbefinnande.
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Ekman, Linda. "Pilodling till användning inom trädgård och hantverk : med tonvikt på zon 5". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-15871.
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Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att undersöka hur pil, eller mer specifikt, sorter inom släktet Salix sp. odlas för användning inom hantverk och trädgård. Bland dessa sorter kan nämnas korgvide (Salix viminalis). Denna typ av odling är småskalig och syftet är att få material till flätning av exempelvis korgar eller grövre arbeten som hägn och staket i trädgård. Materialet som används är vanligen ettåriga skott av odlade pilsorter som skördas när plantan är i vintervila. Därefter torkas skotten i ca 6 månader för att sedan blötläggas innan flätningen påbörjas. Blötläggningen gör pilskotten mjuka och böjliga. Pil kan även användas färsk till att skapa levande hägn genom att pilskott sticks ner i jorden och får rota sig. I detta arbete finns information om hur man kan gå tillväga för att anlägga och sköta en pilodling samt vilka markförhållanden och skötselmetoder som krävs. Fakta har samlats in genom att studera litteratur inom området, studiebesök samt mailkontakt med pilodlare. Här finns även en sammanställning av pilsorter som är härdiga att odla i zon 5. Även odling av Salix sp. för användning till biobränsle, s.k. energiskog har studerats. Anledningen till detta är att dessa odlingar, som även kallas salixodlingar, till stor del består av ovan nämnda sort korgvide (S. Viminalis). Då det har forskats mycket inom detta område har informationen varit av nytta både vad det gäller odlingsbetingelser och härdighet för Salix sp. Slutsatsen är att tillräckligt mycket information har hittats för att svara på syfte och frågeställningar. Fakta från energiskogsodlingen har inom vissa områden gett vägledning om hur skötsel av en småskalig odling kan förbättras. Även kommunikationen med verksamma pilodlare har lyft fram förslag till förbättringar.
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Tonkin, Liechen. "The validity of automatic termination clauses in employment contracts / by L. Tonkin". Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9846.
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This study aims to establish the validity of automatic termination clauses in employment contracts. An automatic termination clause in an employment contract is a mechanism that has the effect that the expiry of an employment contract cannot constitute a dismissal.
In terms of the common law a fixed term contract of employment is terminated automatically as soon as the agreed terms have been reached and it therefore does not constitute a dismissal. The common law therefore created a gap for the exploitation of employees in that the employer can keep the employee on a series of fixed term contracts, which is not in line with the aims of the LRA to create job security.
Section 186(1) of the LRA defines a dismissal as an employer who terminated an employment contract with or without notice and an employee who reasonably expected the employer to renew a fixed term contract of employment on equal or comparable terms, and the employer renewed the contract on less favourable terms, or did not renew the contract at all. In terms of section 185 of the LRA every employee has the right not to be unfairly dismissed. Section 23 of the Constitution affords everyone the fundamental right to fair labour practices. The question that arises in respect of these matters is whether automatic termination clauses fall foul of the Constitution and the LRA and whether they are invalid in terms of the LRA and Constitution.
In Mahlamu v CCMA and Others the validity of the automatic termination in an employment contract was challenged. The court noted that when an employee signs a contract with an automatic termination clause, the employee waives his right not to be unfairly dismissed in terms of the Constitution and the LRA. The court found that the rights conferred on the employee in terms of the LRA and Constitution are a matter of public interest and cannot be waived by the individual. Employment contracts with automatic termination clauses fall foul of the LRA and the Constitution, are against public policy and thus invalid. The Labour Court stated that a contractual device that renders the termination of a contract something other than a dismissal is exactly the exploitation the LRA prohibits
This study aims to establish the validity of different automatic termination clauses in employment contracts, to discuss the interpretation of the LRA and the Constitution regarding automatic termination clauses and to establish to what extent employees are protected against exploitation with regards to employment security in terms of the above-mentioned provisions in employment contracts. The investigation sought to establish whether employees can ‘contract out’ their right not to be unfairly dismissed, and whether these provisions fall within the ambit of the LRA, and more specifically the Constitution. The constitutionality of the current effect of the LRA on employment contracts with automatic termination clauses will be scrutinised. In conclusion the study will discuss the proposed amendments to the LRA and the possible effects should these amendments be enacted.
The Amendment Bill, if enacted, will prove the contract of employment with the automatic termination clause to be invalid where the employer cannot justify the reason for the temporary employment. The Amendment Bill will furthermore provide for the extensive protection of the rights of the temporary and fixed-term employees. It is clear that the automatic termination clause in an employment contract which is not based on operational reasons falls foul of the Constitution and LRA.Thesis (LLM (Labour Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Echeverri, Per. "Servicemötets kommunikation : en videobaserad analys av bemötande med tonvikt på ickeverbal kommunikation". Göteborg : Handelshögskolan vid Göteborgs universitet, 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009213493&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Keou, Roger-Constantin. "Le "Sà", une tontine du Cameroun et la prévention de la délinquance". Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR1D313.
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Lariviere, William R. "The bee venom test : a new tonic-pain test". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23405.
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The present study describes a new test of tonic pain in rats which can be used as an animal model of persistent pain. In the first experiment, the response to subcutaneous injection of various doses of bee venom into the hind paw of the rat was quantified. The second experiment investigated the effect of morphine and aspirin on the response to an intermediate dose of bee venom. Finally, the third experiment examined the response to concurrent injections of bee venom and formalin. Subcutaneous injection of bee venom produced local inflammation, marked edema, and tonic pain responses. Increasing doses of bee venom produced higher mean pain scores and increased durations of responding. Pain responses lasted up to approximately one hour and the inflammation and edema were virtually gone by 8 hours with the lower doses of bee venom tested and by 2 days with the two highest doses tested. Analgesia was produced by morphine and aspirin, indicating that the bee venom test can be used to test analgesic drugs. Concurrent administration of bee venom and formalin produced responses similar to formalin alone, with an increased duration of responding at higher intensities. The data suggest that the bee venom test is a valid animal model of experimental tonic pain.
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Mills, Andy N. "Tufunga Tongi 'akau : Tongan club carvers & their arts". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446142.
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This is a material ethnohistory of 'akau - war-clubs from the Kingdom of Tonga in the South Pacific. It combines ethnohistoric reconstruction with stylistic analysis and ethnographic analogy, in order to provide a representation of the use, manufacture and variation of these complex woodcarvings during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Its concerns are therefore both stylistic and processual. It argues that these weapons were intimately associated with the biographical accumulation of mana - metaphysical efficacy - and themselves underwent a process of the incremental development of a form of supernatural personhood over time. It presents a new method for the chronological analysis of museum collections, and a chronological stylistic typology of these weapons, as well as a chronology of change in their extensive and detailed decorative surface incision. In order to do this, it argues for the existence of fluctuating formal templates within the minds of all humans apprehending, using and creating artefacts, which are termed Particular and Typological Ideals. It suggests that a complex set of stylistic changes occurred in 'akau over time, of which the foremost were a general diversification and breakdown of the pre-existing canon of forms and iconographic elements, and a far-reaching cultural reorientation towards the uptake of Fijian forms, at some point in the second half of the eighteenth century. These two stylistic trends seem to have been in both concert and opposition, in different aspects of the artistic process.
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Poon, Yuk-lam Francis, e 潘煜林. "A case study of tonic food drink marketing strategy". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31266782.
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Sebastian, Lemόne Margeaux. "Tonic immobility in two species of Southern African catsharks". University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8162.
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Magister Scientiae (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology) - MSc (Biodiv and Cons Biol)Tonic immobility (TI) can be defined as an unlearned behavioural response described by a physical state of immobility. This behaviour can last from a few seconds up to several hours. Tonic immobility in sharks has not been investigated extensively, despite being observed and used widely. Due to this limited research, there is still uncertainty about the significance of this response, especially in smaller shark species. Anecdotal evidence suggests that females may enter a tonic state during courtship, but this has never been scientifically investigated. Alternatively, tonic immobility may function as an anti-predator response. The aim of this study was thus to examine the behaviour and physiology associated with tonic immobility in two closely related species of catshark, Haploblepharus edwardsii and Haploblepharus pictus, and to test for differences between males and females (if the evolutionary significance of TI was related to courtship), and between the two species (if TI evolved in response to species-specific drivers).
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Berg, Krystina Michelle. "Stretch-Dependant Tonic Force Maintenance in Rabbit Epigastric Artery". VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1435.
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The contractile state of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation. Abnormal VSM contractility characterizes hypertension and understanding the regulatory mechanisms of VSM may provide some insights to specific treatment of hypertension. Upon muscle stimulation, Ca2+, myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, crossbridge cycling rates and force increase to high levels, but with time, force is maintained while all other parameters of muscle activation fall to low levels. Thus, contraction is divided temporally into early (phasic) and late (tonic) phases, as determined by the underlying regulatory mechanism. Muscles with more phasic characteristics have a higher peak phase while tonic muscles have both high peak and tonic. However, these muscles have similar contractile increases in Ca2+ despite their substantial differences in force production during the tonic phase of contraction. Myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) inhibition by RhoA Kinase (ROK) has been shown to contribute to this increased force production without simultaneous increases in calcium in a process known as Ca2+ sensitization.Epigastric artery (EA) has a unique regulatory mechanism controlled by the degree of stretch applied on the artery which produces an increase in tonic force maintenance. Tonic force in EA is blocked equally at all lengths by the ROK inhibitor Y-27632, suggesting ROK is the main mechanism of signal transduction activated.MLC-p is increased during basal compared to unstretched conditions for epigastric but not femoral artery (FA). Pharmacological MT depolymerization due to Colchicine incubation has been shown to release RhoGEF, a RhoA activator, and resulted in increased tonic force and MLC-p which were both inhibited by a ROK inhibitor.Additionally, KC1-stimulation appeared to activate MAPK and ROK pathways, while stretch alone activated a yet undetermined pathway, possibly ILK. KC1-induced contraction in FA activated TRP sensitive calcium channels during both peak and tonic phases. However, stretch in EA does not induce additional calcium influx. Thus, these data support the conclusion that an increase in length activates ROK and other kinases resulting in tonic force maintenance in EA.
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Poon, Yuk-lam Francis. "A case study of tonic food drink marketing strategy /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14038626.
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Clark, Jeffery Jerome 1960. "Migration and integration: The Salado in the Tonto Basin". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289189.
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The term 'Salado' was employed in the 1930's to describe an intrusive Puebloan culture that appeared in the Tonto Basin during the A.D. 1100-1300 interval. Subsequent debate focused on whether the Salado horizon represented Puebloan migration or indigenous development from the pre-Classic Hohokam. After reviewing current views of migration and style in archaeology, the occurrence, scale, and impact of population movement is assessed in the eastern Tonto Basin using mundane and low visibility material culture from domestic contexts. This data set is rich in stylistic behavior that informs on the enculturative background of the producing groups, a social dimension that can be used to track population movement more accurately than overt displays of identity and ethnicity. An extensive survey of ethnoarchaeological case studies lends empirical support for this strategy. Variability in domestic spatial organization, residential construction and utilitarian ceramic manufacture indicate limited Puebloan immigration into the region during the late thirteenth century, with migrant households settling on the margins of an established irrigation community. Following reconstruction of this enculturative backdrop, material culture intentionally produced for exchange or to convey social messages is examined, including decorated ceramics, personal ornamentation, platform mounds, and local exchange goods. These data sets indicate that economic and social relations, though initially cooperative, favored indigenous groups. This asymmetry and further immigration may have resulted in the collapse of this community in the early fourteenth century.
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Stoffle, Richard W., Vlack Kathleen Van e Sean O'Meara. "Native American Ethnographic Study of Tonto National Monument Photographs". Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293123.
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Tampas, J., C. Clinard, Faith W. Akin e Owen D. Murnane. ""The Effects of Aging on Tonic EMG and VEMP"". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1899.
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Huynh, Isabelle. "Entre ordre colonial et santé publique, la prostitution au Tonkin de 1885 à 1954". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20102.
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L’étude de la prostitution au Tonkin pendant la colonisation française est celle d’un monde en mutation. Le développement de la prostitution est à relier directement avec les changements socio-économiques que connaît le Tonkin. La mobilité croissante des populations à l’époque coloniale a pour conséquence une urbanisation importante accompagnée d’une transformation radicale de la société urbaine. Ces changements favorisent une expansion à la fois quantitative et qualitative de la prostitution car de nouvelles formes apparaissent (chanteuses, danseuses, etc.). Fenêtre ouverte sur un monde urbain en transformation, le monde prostitutionnel permet également de rendre compte de la complexité de la société coloniale dont il est le microcosme puisqu’il en reprend la hiérarchie raciale, les rapports de domination, de tension et de sympathie réciproque. Ce microcosme est placé sous le signe de la rencontre des genres et, surtout, des races, ce qui, en situation coloniale, ne va pas sans poser problème. La gestion de la prostitution par les autorités s’insère directement dans la politique de maintien de l’ordre mise en place par l’État colonial, puisqu’elle s’efforce de recréer au sein du monde prostitutionnel la hiérarchie, à la fois genrée et raciale, régissant l’ensemble de la société coloniale. Le second volet de l’administration de la prostitution est sanitaire car c’est au nom de la santé publique que la prostitution est réglementée. Le but est de lutter contre les maladies vénériennes, péril pour l’individu et la nation. L’histoire de la prostitution au Tonkin est celle d’une tension entre une administration tentant de contrôler un monde prostitutionnel mouvant et multiforme et les acteurs du monde prostitutionnel qui mettent en place des stratégies de contournement et d’évitement. Ce travail entend analyser à la fois le système mis en place par les autorités et la réalité du monde prostitutionnel en s’intéressant à ses acteurs et à ses lieuxDuring French colonization, the world of prostitution in Tonkin evolved as the result of the numerous social and economic changes that were occurring at the time. The increasing mobility of the population led to rapid, significant urbanization: consequently, the city changed in form and in culture. Prostitution hence became increasingly visible. Its expansion was both quantitative and qualitative in the sense that prostitutes were no longer confined within the so-called spaces of “legal” brothels and were no longer perceived as being the only women capable of providing sexual services. In this regard, the world of prostitution is a critical vantage point which permits a far-reaching study of these global changes as well as a unique vantage point onto the complexity of colonization itself. This world was a microcosm of colonial society with its latent notions of racial hierarchy, inherent domination, and intimacy for colonization, and these all represent an intimate yet politically charged encounter. The racial boundaries delineated at the very foundations of the colonial order were therefore blurred and had to be redrawn and sharpened. The regulation of prostitution was one of the means used by authorities to control the interaction between the colonizers and the colonized because it reproduced the racial distinctions of the colonial society. The second dimension of the administration of prostitution was medical: because of venereal diseases, prostitution was perceived to be a threat to individuals and the nation as a whole. The regulation of prostitution thus was part and parcel of the policing strategies set up by the authorities to insure colonial order and public health. Nonetheless, its application proved to be difficult because prostitution, which was understood as construing both actors and places, resisted the police and medical frameworks that sought to confine them. Authorities’ attempts clashed with the evasive strategies of prostitutes, madams, clients, and others as well. In light of these issues, this study offers a thorough examination of the official frameworks and the reality of prostitution as it existed in colonial Tonkin
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Huang, Dongdong. "Delimitation of maritime boundary between Vietnam and China in the Gulf of Tonkin". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7581.
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This dissertation begins with a general description of facts, both physical and non-physical, on the dispute in the Gulf of Tonkin. The context in which the dispute arose is given first so that the reader can understand the background of the dispute in terms of both its regional setting (the South China Sea region) and its place in the overall bilateral disputes between Vietnam and China. Next, the physical aspects of the dispute, including coastal configuration, islands, resources, and geomorphological and geological conditions, are described. Then the development of the dispute and the positions of the parties are outlined. The second and third parts of the thesis attempt to answer three questions: (1) What rules and principles of international law are applicable to the delimitation of the territorial seas, exclusive economic zone, and continental shelf in the Gulf of Tonkin? (2) Did the 1887 Sino-French Convention establish the maritime boundary between Vietnam and China in the Gulf of Tonkin? (3) What is the course of the single maritime boundary between Vietnam and China in the Gulf of Tonkin from the eastern point of Tra Co to the closing line of the Gulf? In the examination of the applicable law, the rules on maritime delimitation are classified into legal principles, equitable criteria, relevant circumstances, and practical methods. A boundary line is drawn in the Gulf of Tonkin to illustrate the equitableness of the result reached in the research. The delimitation line was divided into three segments. In the first segment (from the land boundary terminus to the mid-point of oppositeness of coastal relationship), the basic criterion of equal division of the overlapping area requires the adoption of the bisector method based on the general direction of the coasts. Given the roughly equal lengths of the respective coasts of the Parties, the bisector line satisfies the equitable requirements. In the second segment, a median line is drawn from the end-point of the bisector line to the closing line of the Gulf of Tonkin so as to reflect the prevailing oppositeness of the coastal relationship. Finally, the presence and size of the Archipelago des Fai Tsi Long are taken into account in the same way as the Bijago Archipelago was in the Guinea--Guinea-Bissau case, that is, as a certain percentage of the length of the coast of Vietnam. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Åsemar, Carl. "Att välja studie- och yrkesväg : några empiriska studier med tonvikt på högstadieelevers valsituation". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 1985. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-16603.
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This report is a summary and a discussion of several studies, that havebeen carried out within the SYO-project (syo=educational and vocationalguidance). The SYO-project, financed by the National Board of Education,has two major sources of information concerning the description andanalyses of (1) the content of syo and (2) different persons' conceptionsand notions of education, work, and choice of education and profession.The aim of this work is to investigate pupils in grade 7-9 regardingtheir actual choices and the particular conditions, that could influencethose choices e.g. the importance of the family and the syo. In theframework for conducting this study, some assumptions are made aboutthe role of school and syo. The pupils' choices and the conditions underwhich they occur, are examined from a societal, educational andindividual perspective. Furthermore, a model is developed to illustratehow pupils' conceptions and notions are formed. Both extensive andintensive studies have been executed, using parents, pupils, teachers andcounsellors. The data have been collected primarily from individualinterviews and questionnaires. The results have been published in sevenreports, nos. 4-10 in Pedagogiska rapporter/Educational reports.Department of Education, University of Umeå (in Swedish). The resultsdemonstrate, that the pupils choices of education and profession arestrongly related to sex and social class. Only their choices of educationseem to be stable. However, when they change, the differences betweensex and social class tend to be even larger. The influences from parentsand school coincides so as to support the pupils* conceptions and notionsof education, work, and educational and vocational choices, which arebased on an individual perspective. In contrast, there can also be a breakin the ideological transmission, such that, for example, the pupils1conceptions of work may reflect more of the parents' influences thanthe schools1. Different conditions of importance for the work of syo, inaccordance with official goals, are not fulfilled. Thus, the integrationof syo does not exist. For example, the number of pupils seems too largeand the expectations of teachers and other persons in the school,concerning syo, are quite different from those of the counsellors. Finally,a few limitations and the principal results of the work are discussedalong with suggestions for further research. The results concern, interalia, the socially based differences in knowledge between parents andpupils. These differences mean, in essence, that a basic condition forrational choice is not fulfilled. Furthermore, the role of syo as a sortingmechanism in the process of social reproduction is deemphasized. Instead,its legitimizing function appears as more important.digitalisering@umu
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von, Sydow Rebecca. "Social blandning och blandade upplåtelseformer : En kvantitativ studie med tonvikt på nyproducerade bostadsområden". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-90498.
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Bostadsfrågor utgör en stor del i samhällsplanering, och boendesegregation har under de senaste åren uppmärksammats. Syftet med denna masteruppsats är att analysera befolkningssammansättningen i nyproducerade bostadsområden med särskilt fokus på blandade upplåtelseformer som metod för att uppnå social blandning. Uppsatsen är skriven på uppdrag av Arbetsmarknadsdepartementet och grundas i en teori om att blandade upplåtelseformer bidrar till en ökad social blandning och därmed ett mindre boendesegregerat samhälle. Teorier angående social blandning och dess effekter, samt strategin att blanda upplåtelseformer diskuteras. Frågeställningarna lyder: Bidrar social blandning i nyproducerade bostadsområden till mindre boendesegregation? Hur ser en eventuell förändring av befolkningssammansättningen ut i upplåtelseformerna? Har upplåtelseformer i nyproduktion förändrats över tid? Vilken roll har hyresrätten? Metoden är kvantitativ och bygger på LOUISE-data inom projektet SPaDE, och behandlar SAMS-områden i utvalda kommuner och stadsdelar i Sverige. Resultatet visar bland annat en skillnad mellan befolkningen i befintliga bostadsområden med befolkningen i områden med nyproduktion, trots en ökad blandning av upplåtelseformer och en ökad andel hyresrätter. Befolkningsutvecklingen ser även olika ut över tid då färre är arbetslösa, har socialbidrag eller studiebidrag, och fler är födda i Sverige, inom områden med nyproduktion. Den sociala blandningen som eftersträvas kan kopplas till blandade upplåtelseformer, men detta sker på olika skalor och kontext och förutsättningar är avgörande.SPaDE
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Schrandt, Annika. "Die Untertitelung des spanischen Dokumentarfilms \"El día en que los tontos se acaben\"". Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-149339.
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Durch den Vergleich von zwei Versionen der Untertitelung des spanischen Dokumentarfilms \\\"El día en que los tontos se acaben\\\", nämlich die einer Laiin und der einer professionellen Untertitlerin, wird die Notwendigkeit einer spezifischen translatorischen Kompetenz für den Prozess der Untertitelung begründet.
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Wilson, Stephen Michael. "Development of the palatine tonsil and interactions with Streptococcus suis in the pig". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274635.
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Prytz, Malin, e Lena Österberg. "Museibibliotek : En undersökning med tonvikt på några kommunala museibibliotek i Göteborg - ht95-vt96". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17786.
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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the function of the museum library. The methodused consisted partly of literary studies, and partly of field investigations, conducted mainlyin the form of interviews.Two different sets of field studies have been conducted. The first one is an investigation ofthe museum libraries in Goteborg. After a preliminary study, three of these have been selectedfor further investigation. These are the libraries of Göteborgs Konstmuseum, GöteborgsStadsmuseum and Röhsska museet. Five employees from each museum have been interviewed,and asked to give their opinions of the library and its function, and also to describehow they used it. To broaden the perspective of the essay, an additional field study wasmade. In this, the libraries of Byggnadsvård Nääs, Stockholms Stadsmuseum and SkaraLänsmuseum were investigated. All these libraries exhibit a slightly different function thanthe others, mostly in giving greater attention to the public part of their work. The thesis concludesthat museum libraries can have served different functions, but the fundamental onemust always be to provide information services for the museum itself. The library is a tool forthe museum personnel, and their access to the information must be the topmost priority ofevery museum library. Once this is seen to, however, the library can have several other functions.Museum libraries are a source of information for researchers. It can become a way forthe museum to open up its collections to the museum visitor. Pictures and archival materialcan be computerized and made accessible through the museum library. The library can alsobe a way for the museum to market itself, by attracting visitors to the museum. In addition tothis, the library can be an arena for other activities to take place in, a gateway between themuseum and the visitor.