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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Tomographie cryo-électronique"
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Tomographie cryo-électronique"
Guesdon, Audrey. "Mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans la liaison des +TIPs aux microtubules". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S196/document.
Texto completo da fonteMicrotubules (MTs) are highly dynamic cytoskeleton polymers, involved in many cellular processes, including cell division and intracellular transport. Their dynamic behavior is regulated by numerous factors, such as +TIPs that preferentially target MT growing ends
Guichard, Paul. "Etude structurale de la morphogénèse du centrosome humain par cryo-tomographie électronique". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066440.
Texto completo da fonteIbrahim, Rana. "Caractérisation de structures centriolaires par tomographie électronique et cryo-Microscopie Electronique à Transmission". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066315.
Texto completo da fonteMichels, Yves. "Reconstruction tomographique d'objets déformables pour la cryo-microscopie électronique à particules isolées". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAD031/document.
Texto completo da fonteSingle particle cryo-electron microscopy is a technique that allows to estimate the 3D structure of biological complex. The construction of the 3D volume is performed by computerized tomography applied on a set of projection images from transmission electron microscope. Existing tomographic reconstructionalgorithms allow us to visualize molecular structure with a resolution around one angstrom. However the resolution is degraded when the molecules are deformable. This thesis contributes to the development of signal processing method in order to take into account the deformation information of the observed object for the ab initio tomographic reconstruction. The main contributions of this thesis are the estimation of projection parameters based on non-linear dimensionreduction, the false edges detection in neighborhood graphs to improve noise robustness of dimension reduction methods, and tomographic reconstruction based on a parametric model of the volume
Fatmaoui, Fadwa. "Determination of pericentric heterochromatin structure by in situ cryo-electron tomography". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ018.
Texto completo da fonteConstitutive heterochromatin is a condensed form of chromatin, essential for the maintenance of genome stability and the defense against retrotransposons and endogenous retroviruses. At the molecular scale, it is characterized by regular nucleosome arrays, DNA and histone methylation and binding of specific heterochromatin-associated proteins (HP1 family). However, it remains unclear how these molecular features lead to the condensed state and define the functional properties of constitutive heterochromatin. The project will address this question by determining the structure of pericentric constitutive heterochromatin directly within its cellular content by using state-of-the-art in situ cryo-electron tomography. Drosophila embryos are used as the experimental model, because in their nuclei, the pericentric heterochromatin regions coalesce into round micron-scale chromocenters. We use cryo-sectioning with diamond knives for sample thinning, and then tomograms of chromocenters, as well as other chromatin domains will be recorded and reconstructed. This will enable us to define the characteristic nucleosome fiber arrangement for the constitutive pericentric heterochromatin by comparison with the chromatin packing in other chromatin compartments
Ihiawakrim, Dris. "Etude par les techniques avancées de microscopie électronique en transmission de matériaux fragiles". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE005/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe present manuscript shows the importance of methodological and technical development to identify and to unblock locks preventing the analysis of hybrid and complex materials that undergo degradation under electron beam irradiation. We have shown that beam-induced damage to the sample only appears above some specific threshold of current density. Such a threshold depends on the nature of the material and on its morphological and structural characteristics. These developments in synergy with the use of Cryo-EM, allowed us to expose the architecture of carbon-based hybrid materials, measure the variation of the lamellar distance in a perovskite according to the molecular spacer and to the positioning of the metal, identify the interactions at the interface between two molecular crystals, and the 3D quantification of the functionalization within a MOF. Lastly, we brought to light the processes of nucleation and growth of iron oxide by in-situ liquid phase TEM
Le, Bihan Olivier. "Etude par microscopie électronique des mécanismes d'action de vecteurs synthétiques pour le transfert de gènes". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13972/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe vast majority of clinical trials of gene transfer in vivo use viral vectors. Although they are effective, they induce immunogenic, toxic or mutagenic risks. Due to their high modularity and low toxicity, synthetic vectors (non viral), represent a promising alternative despite their lack of effectiveness. The major objective of this work was to understand the mechanism of gene transfer using two prototypic synthetic vectors, in the context of a rational design of new vectors. We studied on cultured cells, the mechanism of action of two cationic lipids; BGTC (bis(guanidinium)-tren-cholesterol) and DOSP (DiOleylamine A-Succinyl-Paromomycine) formulated with plasmid DNA (lipoplexes) which are in vitro efficient vectors. We have been able to visualize by electron microscopy, their intracellular pathways, their structural alterations and their endosomal escape, the latter being a key step in the process of gene transfer. The unambiguous identification of lipoplexes throughout their intracellular trafficking has been made possible thanks to the labelling of DNA by core-shell silica nanoparticles with an electron dense maghemite core (Fe2O3). The labeling strategy has also been applied to study the mechanism of action of a nonionic block copolymer (P188 or Lutrol). Interestingly, these synthetic vectors have an in vivo transfection efficiency in mice lung and muscle tissue while they are totally inefficient in vitro. We have shown that Lutrol induces an increase of DNA internalization into cells and fails to trigger endosomal escape, which would explain the lack of in vitro efficacy. These findings suggest that the in vivo mechanism of action of Lutrol would involve other internalization pathways
Nguyen, David. "Etude de la nucléation contrôlée de latex polymère à la surface de nanoparticules d’oxyde pour l’élaboration de colloïdes hybrides structurés". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13715/document.
Texto completo da fonteHybrid colloids based on silica and polystyrene have been synthesized. Oxide particles were first elaborated, surface modified, and then used as seed in a styrene polymerization step. Two heterogeneous polymerisation proceeds were employed (emulsion or dispersion) leading to colloids with original and controlled morphologies. A morphological study by electronic tomography enabled to better understand growth and organisation mechanisms of latexes around silica seeds. Janus particles synthesis for biomedical imaging is also described. Silica particles were surface modified with a biphotonic chromophore and a tumor cells targeting agent. Spectroscopic studies and cytotoxicity tests were investigated
Trépout, Sylvain. "Etude de l'assemblage du système d'efflux membranaire MexAB-OprM impliqué dans la résistance aux antibiotiques chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa : caractérisation combinée par Microbalance à cristal de quartz avec mesure de dissipation et cryo-tomographie électronique". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13710/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe structure determination of membrane protein in lipid environment can be carried out using cryo electron microscopy combined with the recent development of data collection and image processing. We describe a protocol to study assemblies or stacks of membrane protein reconstitued into a lipid membrane using both cryo electron tomography and single particle analysis which is an alternative approach to electron crystallography for solving 3D structure. We show the organization of the successive layers of OprM molecules revealing the protein-protein interactions between OprM molecules of two successive lipid bilayers
Desert, Anthony. "Colloïdes hybrides silice/polystyrène de morphologie contrôlée". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00949569.
Texto completo da fonte