Teses / dissertações: "Time-space interaction"

1

Redig, Frank, Sylvie Roelly e Wioletta Ruszel. "Short-time Gibbsianness for infinite-dimensional diffusions with space-time interaction". Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/4951/.

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We consider a class of infinite-dimensional diffusions where the interaction between the components is both spatial and temporal. We start the system from a Gibbs measure with finiterange uniformly bounded interaction. Under suitable conditions on the drift, we prove that there exists t0 > 0 such that the distribution at time t = t0 is a Gibbs measure with absolutely summable interaction. The main tool is a cluster expansion of both the initial interaction and certain time-reversed Girsanov factors coming from the dynamics.

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Roelly, Sylvie, e Wioletta M. Ruszel. "Propagation of Gibbsianness for infinite-dimensional diffusions with space-time interaction". Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6901/.

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We consider infinite-dimensional diffusions where the interaction between the coordinates has a finite extent both in space and time. In particular, it is not supposed to be smooth or Markov. The initial state of the system is Gibbs, given by a strong summable interaction. If the strongness of this initial interaction is lower than a suitable level, and if the dynamical interaction is bounded from above in a right way, we prove that the law of the diffusion at any time t is a Gibbs measure with absolutely summable interaction. The main tool is a cluster expansion in space uniformly in time of the Girsanov factor coming from the dynamics and exponential ergodicity of the free dynamics to an equilibrium product measure.

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3

Nagai, Toshiki. "Space-time Extended Finite Element Method with Applications to Fluid-structure Interaction Problems". Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10844711.

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This thesis presents a space-time extended finite element method (space-time XFEM) based on the Heaviside enrichment for transient problems with moving interfaces, and its applications to the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. The Heaviside-enriched XFEM is a promising method to discretize partial differential equations with discontinuities in space. However, significant approximation errors are introduced by time stepping schemes when the interface geometry changes in time. The proposed space-time XFEM applies the finite element discretization and the Heaviside enrichment in both space and time with elements forming a space-time slab. A simple space-time scheme is introduced to integrate the weak form of the governing equations. This scheme considers spatial intersection configuration at multiple temporal integration points. Standard spatial integration techniques can be applied for each spatial configuration. Nitsche's method and the face-oriented ghost-penalty method are extended to the proposed space-time XFEM formulation. The stability, accuracy and flexibility of the space-time XFEM for various interface conditions including moving interfaces are demonstrated with structural and fluid problems. Moreover, the space-time XFEM enables analyzing complex FSI problems using moving interfaces, such as FSI with contact. Two FSI methods using moving interfaces (full-Eulerian FSI and Lagrangian-immersed FSI) are studied. The Lagrangian-immersed FSI method is a mixed formulation of Lagrangian and Eulerian descriptions. As solid and fluid meshes are independently defined, the FSI is computed between non-matching interfaces based on Nitsche's method and projection techniques adopted from computational contact mechanics. The stabilized Lagrange multiplier method is used for contact. Numerical examples of FSI and FSI-contact problems provide insight into the characteristics of the combination of the space-time XFEM and the Lagrangian-immersed FSI method. The proposed combination is a promising method which has the versatility for various multi-physics simulations and the applicability such as optimization.

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4

Celik, Haris. "Identication and Prediction of Discrete-Time Bilinear State-Space Models: Interaction Matrices and Superstates". Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105141.

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In this master thesis, an extension of the interaction matrix formulation to the discrete-time bilinear state-space model is derived. Several identication techniques are presented from this formulation to identify the bilinear state-space matrices using a superstate vector, derived from a single set of su-ciently rich input-output measurements. The initial state can be non-zero and unknown. Unlike other approaches, no specialized inputs are required, such as sinusoidal or white inputs, or duration-varying unit pulses involving multiple experiments. For that reason, the bilinear state-space identication problem is di-cult to solve, since it can be seen as a linear time-varying system with input-dependent system matrix or state-dependent input-influence matrix. The resultant input-output map from this state-space formulation can be used for output prediction. A relationship between the coe-cients of this input-output map and the bilinear state-space model matrices is obtained via two interaction matrices, corresponding to the linear and bilinear portions of the model, respectively. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate these bilinear state-space model identication techniques and the input-output model identication method. It is concluded that the proposed identication algorithms can correctly identify the original bilinear state-space model, and the identied input-output map correctly predict its system output response, despite the fact that the interaction matrices are only implicitly assumed to exist.

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5

DAL, MOLIN Anna. "Interaction between mechanism of attention selection in space and time: Behavioural and electrophysiological evidence". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/337444.

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I meccanismi attentivi consentono di selezionare dall'ambiente circostante le informazioni utili allosvolgimento di un determinato compito. Negli ultimi trenta anni, i processi coinvolti nella selezionedi informazioni di natura spaziale sono stati ampiamente investigati, mentre rimangono ancora dachiarire i meccanismi coinvolti negli aspetti di selezione temporale. I tre esperimenti riportatiall'interno di questa tesi sono volti ad indagare alcuni degli aspetti legati alla capacità di selezionaregli eventi nel tempo ed in che modo gli aspetti temporali e quelli spaziali interagiscono tra loro.Nel primo esperimento è stato impiegato un compito di Giudizio di Ordine Temporale (TOJ) perinvestigare la relazione esistente tra disturbi di selezione nello spazio e nel tempo in pazienti coneminegligenza spaziale unilaterale. Una forte compromissione dei meccanismi di selezione neltempo è stata rilevata per le coppie di stimoli presentate in porzioni dello spazio in cui il deficitspaziale è più marcato, suggerendo l'esistenza una relazione tra gli aspetti spaziali e quelli temporalinella modulazione del deficit.Nel secondo e nel terzo esperimento è stato investigato l'orientamento dell'attenzione nel tempoutilizzando stimoli che, grazie ad un movimento con velocità regolare o irregolare, rendonopossibile il generarsi di aspettative temporali e di verificare cosa avviene quando tali aspettativevengono disattese. La regolarità del movimento si è rivelato essere un indice importante nelgenerare aspettative temporali che a loro volta influenzano profondamente la performancediminuendo sensibilmente la velocità di risposta del soggetto. Inoltre, la registrazione dei potenzialievocati ha evidenziato come aspettative spaziali e temporali interagiscano influenzando l'analisidello stimolo fin dalle prime fasi di elaborazione.
The study of mechanisms involved in spatial attention is one of the most investigated field inmodern neuroscience, but in the last years a growing interest has been devoted to unveil themechanisms concerning also the temporal aspects of attention. In this thesis three experiment arereported that tried to cast more light on the temporal aspects of attention and on the relationshipbetween spatial and temporal attentional mechanisms.In the first experiment the relationship between spatial and temporal deficit in selective visualattention has been investigated in a group of neglect patients using a temporal order judgement task(TOJ). The main finding is a stronger impairment in temporal selection for spatial position in whichthe attention selection is more impaired, suggesting an interaction between the two aspects in themodulation of the deficit.The second and the third experiment investigated temporal expectations generated by a regularrhythm. In particular, the impact of exogenous and endogenous temporal expectation has beencompared in a discrimination task, revealing the pervasive effect of regularity of movement andspeed in orienting attention in time. Moreover, it has been confirmed the combined effect of spatialand temporal expectations in modulation of electrophysiological response.These results suggest the existence of an interaction between spatial and temporal mechanisms ofattention.

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6

Kaulicke, Peter. "Space and Time in the Formative Period: Some Final Reflections". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113584.

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These final reflections stress the relevance of this substantial collection of papers presented in both volumes of the Boletín. Monumental architecture is particularly important with early beginnings, long construction sequences, and, as such, testimony of local histories, identities and memories. It transmits cosmological and cosmogonic ideas as ceremonial centers and organizes the landscape, and thus can be defined as central places in an economic, political and social sense. As such, it is of major relevance to the establishment of interaction spheres.
Las reflexiones finales enfatizan la relevancia de esta colección sustancial de contribuciones. De particular importancia es la arquitectura monumental, que se inicia de manera muy temprana y se presenta en forma de secuencias. Esta arquitectura, por lo tanto, define historias locales, transmite identidad, memoria, así como ideas cosmológicas y cosmogónicas en su calidad de centro ceremonial, organiza el paisaje y se establece como lugar central en un sentido económico, social y político. Como tal desempeña un papel sustancial en las esferas de interacción.

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7

Aigal, Sahaja [Verfasser], e Winfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Römer. "Elucidation of the host cell membrane associated interaction partners of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its lectins (in space and time)". Freiburg : Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1202438172/34.

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8

Jamison, John S. "Time and Space Resolved Spin-Heat Transport in the Magnetic Insulator Yttrium Iron Garnet". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586740671277489.

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9

Birch, John F. "Providence and Space-Time: Rethinking God's Relation to the World Through the Eyes of John Polkinghorne". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1607005827363861.

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10

Rodrigues, Jussara Martins. "Da ausência de preservação do patrimônio histórico das praças centrais de Itumbiara (GO)". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8768.

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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-08T11:18:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jussara Martins Rodrigues - 2018.pdf: 4351171 bytes, checksum: 13ca12fc41ae1f296d8165fe9722e735 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-08-08T12:44:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jussara Martins Rodrigues - 2018.pdf: 4351171 bytes, checksum: 13ca12fc41ae1f296d8165fe9722e735 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
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Commercial expansion has now become a form of predatory occupation for the human being, in which urban reality was restructure into a new spatial problem. This analysis based on the evaluation of the bilateral situation: empty / occupied in the cities that was focus on the latent modernization of the interior of Goiás. Therefore, when assessing the definition of occupation of these spaces and the contrast of this with the definition of urban center, allows the understanding of the value given to the occupation in the cities of Goiás and what this occupation represents for the population and his culture. This analysis seeks to understand the logic of the occupations of the central squares of the city of Itumbiara (GO) and, in this context, seeks the understanding of social relations in small cities in counterpoint with the urban centers establishing the perception of place and seeking reading according to the referential distanced from embedded paradigms of space / place in search of a wider perception of the interaction between the human being and the environment in which he is inserted.
A expansão comercial tem se revelado na atualidade uma forma de ocupação predatória para o ser humano, na qual a realidade urbana se reestrutura em uma nova problemática espacial. Desta feita, esta análise se pauta pela avaliação da conjuntura bilateral: vazio/ocupado nas cidades voltadas para a latente modernização do interior de Goiás. Isso pois que ao avaliar a definição de ocupação destes espaços e a contraposição desta com a definição de centro urbano, permite a compreensão do valor dado a ocupação nas cidades do interior de Goiás e o que esta ocupação representa para a população e sua cultura. Tal análise busca compreender a lógica das ocupações das praças centrais da cidade de Itumbiara (GO) e, neste contexto, busca a compreensão das relações sociais nas pequenas cidades em contraponto com os centros urbanos estabelecendo a percepção de lugar e buscando a leitura segundo o referencial distanciado de paradigmas engessados do espaço/ lugar em busca de uma percepção mais ampla da interação entre o ser humano e o meio no qual ele está inserido.

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11

Hosseini, Shahrzad. "Human-robotic performance quantification under time-delay for lunar mission control scenarios". Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESAE0019.

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La stratégie d'exploration spatiale de l'agence exige une approche efficace et abordable concernant l’opération et le contrôle des systèmes spatiaux. Dans le programme d'exploration une approche optimale, intégrant à la foi acteurs humains en orbite et au sol, doit être trouvée. Dans l'activité proposée nous passons à l’étape suivante: une analyse systématique des données expérimentales existantes et l'exécution de nouvelles expériences pour déterminer l'approche la plus efficace et abordable de technologies et opérations homme-robot intégrés. Dans un premier temps, des données expérimentales existantes de METERON (ESA), mais aussi de grandes bases de données issues d'autres opérations non spatiales, seront analysées et fourniront une métrique claire de la performance des opérations par rapport aux paramètres quantitatifs des propriétés de lien de communication, les capacités des actifs robotiques, le niveau d'automatisation et l'environnement de l'opérateur. La deuxième phase de l'étude définira et mettra en œuvre des expériences basées au sol abordable avec des actifs robotiques déployés dans des environnements analogues et des opérateurs placés dans des environnements de simulation. La troisième et dernière phase de l'activité se terminera par la rédaction de trois documents, en plus de la thèse de doctorat: 1) Manuel de formation d’équipages pour l’opération des technologies homme-robot dans le cadre des missions d’exploration de l'ESA 2) Recommandations pour l'évaluation des performances humaine pour les opérations homme-robots dans le cadre de la sélection des astronautes 3) Un document d’évaluation de la technologie de coopération homme-robot
The Space Exploration Strategy of the Agency requires an affordable and efficient approach to operating and controlling space systems. In the exploration programme an optimum approach to integrate human decision makers in orbit and on the ground must be found. In the proposed activity the next logical step is taken: a systematic analysis of existing experimental data and execution of new experiments to find the most efficient and affordable approach to human-robotic integrated technology and operations. In a first phase, existing experimental data from METERON, but also large datasets from non- space operations will be processed to provide a clear metric of operations performance with respect to quantitative parameters of communication link properties, robotic asset capabilities, level of automation, and operator environment. The second phase of the study will define and implement affordable ground-based experiments with robotic assets deployed in analogue environments and operators hosted in a simulation environment. The third and final phase of the activity will culminate in the drafting of three documents in addition to the PhD thesis: 1) Crew-training manual for operating human-robotic technology on ESA exploration missions 2) Guideline for assessing human performance for human-robotic operations in the frame of astronaut selection 3) Human-robotic technology assessment document

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12

Skagenholt, Mikael. "Nature and Nurture in Numerical Cognition : Investigating the Idea of a Generalized Magnitude System for Number, Space, and Time". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108124.

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Current research in the field of numerical cognition reveals strong behavioral interactions and similar processing mechanisms for the perceptions of space, time, and number; which is generally believed to indicate that these dimensions share a common metric for representation in the brain. These three dimensions of magnitude––analog, ratio dependent representations of space, time, and number––are essential for interaction with the environment, and provide a conceptual basis on which further perceptual experience enhances the discrimination of distance, speed, numerosity, quantity, and size. Basic, approximate and non-verbal conceptions of spatial navigation, temporal orienting, and numerical computations have been found in human adults and children, as well as non-human animals, while the employment of discrete measures seems to be a consequence of a verbally and culturally mediated ontogenetic shift exclusive to humans (e.g. Feigenson, Libertus, and Halberda, 2013). This thesis investigates the link between nature and nurture, in an attempt to find the key factor that ultimately induces the ontogenetic shift from approximate to exact representations of space, time, and number. An extensive theoretical review is performed, based on both neuroscientific and cross-cultural data, where I propose that cultural and linguistic mediation is as vital to the representational advancement of numerical cognition as our biologically predisposed magnitude system. The neuroscientific approach is strongly based on a leading––but controversial––theory in the field of numerical cognition, ATOM (Walsh, 2003), which suggests that both human and non-human animals possess a generalized magnitude system with fully shared representational mechanisms for space, time, and number. To further illustrate the assumed theoretical stance of ATOM, an exploratory fMRI study with a single participant is performed, with results closely resembling those argued by Walsh (2003).

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13

Wenger, Christian W. "Analysis of Two-point Turbulence Measurements for Aeroacoustics". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30837.

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Simultaneous two-point three-component four-sensor hot-wire velocity measurements taken in three flows of aeroacoustic interest are here analyzed. The analyses provide information on the turbulence structure of the flows as it would be encountered by hypothetical noise producing blades passing through the flows. Two-point measurements taken in the first flow, a lifting wake from a rectangular NACA 0012 half wing, are used to calculate space-time correlation functions and 'pointwise' wave number frequency spectra. Two upwash spectra, calculated for locations in the region of the wake that is roughly homogenous in the spanwise direction, are direct estimates of the full wave number frequency spectra at their locations. As such, they are used to perform aeroacoustic calculations, and the results are compared to results achieved using the von KÃ¡rmÃ¡n isotropic spectrum. Amiet's approximation, where the wave number frequency spectra can be represented by the correlation length scales is found to hold reasonably well for the measured spectra.

The two-point measurements in the second flow, a vortex/blade-tip interaction, are analyzed to provide information useful to researchers of blade-wake interaction noise produced by helicopter rotors. Space-time correlation functions and wave number frequency spectra are calculated for five cuts through the region of interaction. The correlation functions provide information concerning the turbulence length scales found in the interaction region. The spectra are compared to the von KÃ¡rmÃ¡n isotropic spectrum and found to be greatly different. However, the spectra do bear some resemblance to spectra calculated in the spanwise homogenous region of the lifting wake.

The two-point measurements taken in the third flow, the wake from a fan cascade, are analyzed to provide information of use to modelers of broadband noise produced through rotor wake/stator interactions. In particular, space-time correlation functions are calculated for a grid of two-point measurements, which allows the estimation of the turbulence structure as seen by a passing stator blade. Space-time correlation functions and wave number frequency spectra are calculated for various stator configurations. The implications of engine operating speed and stator configuration for broadband noise production are discussed.

[Vita removed March 2, 2012. GMc]
Master of Science

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14

Navarro, Morales Deborah. "Τhe influence οf the vestibular system οn time perceptiοn". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2025. https://theses.hal.science/tel-05000089.

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Au niveau perceptif, le temps n’est pas une métrique constante régie par le tic-tac d’une horloge. Les distorsions temporelles surviennent en raison de divers facteurs comme le manque d’attention, les émotions, le manque de sommeil, l’excitation, le mouvement, entre autres. Cette thèse vise à explorer comment le système vestibulaire influence la perception du temps. Dans le premier axe de cette thèse deux études ont été réalisées lors des missions spatiales de longue durée. Nous avons trouvé que les astronautes à bord de la Station Spatiale Internationale estiment correctement les intervalles de temps dans l’échelle de jours, ils surestiment le temps dans les durées de secondes à minutes et sous-estiment le temps dans l’échelle des heures. Etant donné que les distorsions temporelles dans l’espace peuvent provenir de plusieurs sources, nous avons décidé de mener une tâche spécifique du système vestibulaire. Le deuxième axe comprend deux études sur la perception du temps lors de stimulations vestibulaires, en se concentrant sur les rotations corporelles. Dans la première étude, nous avons constaté que le temps perçu durant les rotations est sous-estimé par rapport aux conditions statiques chez les sujets en bonne santé. Dans la deuxième étude, nous avons confirmé que cet effet est vestibulaire, car il est absent chez les patients atteints de vestibulopathie bilatérale. Nos résultats suggèrent que la perception du temps dépend des entrées vestibulaires : lorsque ces entrées diminuent, le temps perçu est surestimé ; lorsque ces entrées augmentent (stimulées), le temps perçu est sous-estimé
At the perceptual level, time is not a constant metric defined by the ticks of a clock. Distortions in time perception occur due to various factors, including attention deficits, emotions, sleep deprivation, arousal, motion, and others. This thesis explores how the vestibular system influences time perception. In the first part of the thesis, two studies were conducted during long-term space missions. We found that astronauts aboard the International Space Station accurately estimate short time delays over days. However, they tend to overestimate durations ranging from seconds to minutes and underestimate durations on the scale of hours. Given that time distortions in space can arise from multiple sources, we conducted a specific vestibular task to isolate the vestibular contribution. The second part of the thesis includes two studies on time perception during vestibular stimulation, focusing on whole-body rotations. In the first study, we found that time during rotations is underestimated compared to static conditions in healthy subjects. In the second study, we confirmed that this time underestimation was vestibular, as it was absent in Bilateral Vestibulopathy patients. Our findings suggest that time perception depends on vestibular inputs: when vestibular inputs are decreased, perceived time is overestimated; when vestibular inputs are increased (stimulated), perceived time is underestimated

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Henriksson, Sarah, e Klara Rydhög. ""Mobilen - En extra kompis" : En kvalitativ studie av mobilanvändning bland högstadieelever". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25955.

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Denna uppsats syfte har varit att undersöka vilken roll mobilen spelar i en grupp ungdomars liv och då framförallt i skolan. Vi har intervjuat åtta elever på en högstadieskola samt utfört observationer för att få en så klar bild som möjligt av deras förhållande till mobilanvändning. Tidigare forskning har visat att mobilens roll har kommit att bli större och viktigare och den sociala interaktionen som tidigare i större utsträckning skett ansikte mot ansikte är nu mer benägen att ske genom mobilen. Mobilens inverkan på individ och samhället har både positiva och negativa effekter, vilket undersöks i uppsatsen. De frågeställningar som behandlas rör hur eleverna upplever dagens mobilanvändning, hur de använder sina mobiler och hur detta påverkar den sociala interaktionen. Även huruvida eleverna har ett behov av att vara anträffbara samt hur de känner av mobilens påverkan? Uppsatsens sociologiska analys görs med hjälp av teman som behandlar konsumtion, modernitet, tid och rum, social interaktion genom mobilen och nätverkssamhället. Resultatet visar att mobilen spelar en stor roll i ungdomarnas liv och att den sociala interaktionen till viss del begränsas av mobilen. Eleverna upplever att de ständigt måste kunna vara anträffbara och uppdaterade och kan känna sig illa till mods när mobilen inte finns tillgänglig.
This paper has aimed to explore the role that mobile phone plays in a group of young people's lives in school. We interviewed eight students at a secondary school and performed observations to get as clear a picture as possible of their mobile phone use. Previous research has shown that mobile's role has become more and more important and the social interaction that were previously more widely been face to face is now more likely to be through mobile phone. The mobile's impact on the individual and society has both positive and negative effects. The issues addressed concerns how students experience today's smartphone use, how they use their phones and how this affects social interaction. Even whether students have a need to be reachable and how they feel of the phone's impact? The sociological analysis of this paper is done using themes that deal with consumption, modernity, time and space, social interaction through the smartphone and the network society. The result shows that mobile phone plays a big role in young people's lives and social interactions to some extent limited by the mobile phone. Students feel that they must constantly be reachable and updated and may feel uneasy when the phone is not available.

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Fernandes, Cinthia Votto. "Eu gosto de brincar com os do meu tamanho!: culturas infantis e cultura escolar - entrelaçamentos para o pertencimento etário na instituição escolar". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15690.

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Este estudo consiste em uma pesquisa qualitativa cuja proposta foi investigar como as crianças, em suas interações, produzem significados em relação ao seu pertencimento a um grupo etário e com outro grupo de idade na instituição escolar, com o objetivo de evidenciar o que as crianças pensam e como são as suas relações na escola graduadas por idades, bem como as relações entre os grupos de crianças. Foram utilizadas as seguintes estratégias metodológicas: observações participantes e entrevistas coletivas. Participaram da pesquisa 29 crianças entre cinco e nove anos de idade da EI e do EF de uma mesma instituição escolar, situada no município de Porto Alegre. O estudo foi realizado com esses dois níveis de ensino, pois eles apresentam expectativas e finalidades educativas diferenciadas, podendo ocorrer dessemelhanças entre as formas como as crianças dos dois grupos vivem na escola, através das seguintes categorias: o tempo e o espaço escolar, as práticas adultocêntricas, os rituais e significados sociais em relação à idade, o brincar e as possibilidades de relação entre os grupos, as diferenciações etárias entre as crianças, protagonismos destas e o grupo etário enquanto um sub-geração. São apresentados os significados construídos pelas crianças frente ao pertencimento etário, as práticas diferenciadas dos grupos pela determinação espaçotemporal da escola, juntamente com os estatutos que elas recebem em cada nível de ensino, os protagonismos que as crianças realizam para garantir na escola as culturas infantis e a problematização da idade como o fator que forma uma sub-geração.
This study consists in a qualitative research whose proposal was to investigate how children, in their interactions, give meanings in relation to their belonging to an age group and to other age groups, in school institution, intending to highlight what children think and how are their relationships in a school graded by ages as well how are relationships among groups of children. The following methodological strategies were used: participant observations and collective interviews. Participated of the research 29 (twenty-nine) children between 5 (five) and 9 (nine) years old from CS (Child School) and from BE (Basic Education) of the same school institution, located in Porto Alegre City. The study was made with these two levels of the knowledge process since they present different expectations and educational ends. It can occur dissimilarities between the ways how children of both groups live in school, through the following categories: the time and the school space, the adult centered practices, the rituals and the social meanings in relation to the age, the playing, and the possibilities of relationship among the groups, the age differentiations among children, their protagonisms and the age group while a sub generation. The meaning created by children are presented considering the age belonging, the different practices of the groups determined by the space-time of school as well the statutes they receive in every level of teaching, the protagonisms children perform to guarantee, in school, the child cultures and the problematization of the age as the factor that forms a sub generation.

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17

Bach, Benjamin. "Connections, changes, and cubes : unfolding dynamic networks for visual exploration". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020535.

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Networks are models that help us understanding and thinking about relationships between entities in the real world. Many of these networks are dynamic, i.e. connectivity changes over time. Understanding changes in connectivity means to understand interactions between elements of complex systems; how people create and break up friendship relations, how signals get passed in the brain, how business collaborations evolve, or how food-webs restructure after environmental changes. However, understanding static networks is already difficult, due to size, density, attributes and particular motifs; changes over time very much increase this complexity. Quantification of change is often insufficient, but beyond an analysis that is driven by technology and algorithms, humans dispose a unique capability of understanding and interpreting information in data, based on vision and cognition. This dissertation explores ways to interactively explore dynamic networks by means of visualization. I develop and evaluate techniques to unfold the complexity of dynamic networks, making them understandable by looking at them from different angles, decomposing them into their parts and relating the parts in novel ways. While most techniques for dynamic network visualization rely on one particular type of view on the data, complementary visualizations allow for higher-level exploration and analysis. Covering three aspects Tasks, Visualization Design and Evaluation, I develop and evaluate the following unfolding techniques: (i) temporal navigation between individual time steps of a network and improved animated transitions to better understand changes, (ii) designs for the comparison of weighted graphs, (iii) the Matrix Cube, a space-time cube based on adjacency matrices, allowing to visualize dense dynamic networks by, as well as GraphCuisine, a system to (iv) generate synthetic networks with the primary focus on evaluating visualizations in user studies. In order to inform the design and evaluation of visualizations, we (v) provide a task taxonomy capturing users' tasks when exploring dynamic networks. Finally, (vi) the idea of unfolding networks with Matrix Cubes is generalized to other data sets that can be represented in space-time cubes (videos, geographical data, etc.). Visualizations in these domains can inspire visualizations for dynamic networks, and vice-versa. We propose a taxonomy of operations, describing how 3D space-time cubes are decomposed into a large variety of 2D visualizations. These operations help us exploring the design space for visualizing and interactively unfolding dynamic networks and other spatio-temporal data, as well as may serve users as a mental model of the data.

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18

Ibnelkaïd, Samira. "Identité et altérité par écran : modalités de l’intersubjectivité en interaction numérique". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2069.

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Notre recherche, bien qu’ancrée dans les Sciences du Langage s’inscrit dans une démarche interdisciplinaire entre Linguistique et Philosophie articulant Analyse des Interactions et Phénoménologie. Il s’agit d’étudier l’identité en interaction en tant que phénomène intersubjectif, langagier et technique. L’existence corporelle, sensorielle, relationnelle, et sociale des humains se trouvant désormais engagée dans des dispositifs d’interactions numériques, des modalités inédites d’intersubjectivité se déploient notamment par écran. C’est pourquoi nous nous proposons d’analyser les nouvelles dimensions constitutives de l’intersubjectivité et mises en jeu dans les interactions numériques. Dans la première partie de notre thèse, notre parcours théorique, il s’agit de saisir la nature de la co-construction identitaire, les enjeux de la rencontre interindividuelle en tant que phénomène intersubjectif et les spécificités des interactions numériques aux cadres spatio-temporels complexes. Nous proposons, en premier lieu, de définir, par une approche phénoménologique, l’événement de la rencontre avant de nous intéresser aux propriétés phénoménotechniques de l’intersubjectivité numérique. En second lieu, dans ce parcours théorique, par une approche interactionniste, nous nous attardons sur la place du langage dans la co-construction des identités ; une place importante est accordée à la séquentialité interactionnelle par laquelle les sujets façonnent l’interaction ainsi qu’à la corporéité de l’action hors et par écran. Nous soumettons alors, dans la seconde partie de notre thèse, ces théorisations à l’analyse des données de notre corpus. Dans ce parcours empirique, sont analysées des rencontres par écran entre participants géographiquement distants. Cette analyse nous permet notamment de dresser une topographie des espaces-temps impliqués dans l’interaction physico-numérique, une typologie des actes de prise d’existence à l’écran et une description du processus ontologique identitaire en interaction
Though our research is firmly anchored within the field of linguistics, it constitutes an interdisciplinary approach as well, aiming to establish a dialogue between Interaction Analysis and Phenomenology. This research examines the complex notion of identity by defining it as a verbal, technical, and intersubjective phenomenon. The bodily, sensory, relational and social human existence is henceforth engaged in digital interaction devices inducing unprecedented modalities of intersubjectivity. Therefore, we propose to analyze the novel features of intersubjectivity involved in digital interactions. In the first part of our dissertation, the theoretical exploration, we seek to apprehend the nature of identity co-construction, the stakes of interindividual encounter understood as an intersubjective phenomenon, and the spatio-temporal characteristics of digital interactions. Firstly, through a phenomenological approach, we define the encounter as a meaningful event and we explore the phenomenotechnical properties of digital intersubjectivity. Secondly, through an interactionist approach, we focus on language and its role in identity co-construction, and more specifically on sequence organization and embodiment within physical and digital interactions. Thereafter, in the second part of our dissertation, those theorizations are submitted to a data analysis. This empirical exploration consists in studying online encounters between geographically distant participants. This study allows us to draw a topography of the spatio-temporal framework of phygital interaction, a typology of the acts of enacting existence on screen and a description of the ontological process of identity co-construction

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Kjellin, Andreas. "Visualizing Dynamics –The Perception of Spatiotemporal Data in 2D and 3D". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9142.

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In many command and control situations the understanding of dynamic events is crucial. With today’s development of hard- and software architecture, we have the possibility to visualize data in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) images. The aim of this thesis is therefore to investigate different approaches to visualizing dynamic events. The visualization techniques investigated include 2D animation and time representations as markings on a 2D map. In 3D the visualization technique investigated is the “space time-cube” A further aim is to study whether the Cue Probability Learning (CPL) paradigm can be used to evaluate visualizations.

By mapping time onto a spatial dimension, in the 2D visualization as lines with different densities and in 3D as height over the map, a simultaneous visualization of space and time is possible. The findings are that this mapping of time onto space is beneficial to users as compared with animations, but the two mapping techniques are not interchangeable. If a task requires judgments of metric spatial properties, a 2D visualization is more beneficial; however, if the task only requires judgments of more qualitative aspects, a 3D visualization is more beneficial.

When we look at a 3D visualization, we utilize different sources of depth information. These sources are always present and each defines either a 3D scene or a projection surface. By using these different sources of depth information wisely, a visualization can be created that efficiently shows relevant information to a user while requiring a minimal amount of specialized hardware.

Finally, the CPL paradigm seems to be a worthwhile option as an experimental paradigm in visualization experiments. One of the advantages of CPL is that novice users can be trained to be task experts in a controlled and time-efficient way.

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Axelsson, Bodil. "Meningsfulla förflutenheter : Traditionalisering och teatralisering i en klosterruin". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Kommunikation, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-34990.

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The major objective of this thesis is to study the processes of traditionalisation that are being enacted in relation to both the external and internal production of the play "The Power and the Glory" that has been performed in Alvastra Abbey ruin since 1988. During three weeks in July the ruins and their environs are transformed into a rehearsal area, and a live stage, with lay actors performing different roles, a supporting staff and an audience. The thesis asks questions about how the staging of the play is impacted by a politics of culture, why this particular site or topography can be read as a story about a nation, what mediating connections there are between the yearly productions and, finally, how the rehearsals activate and reproduce the accumulated memory of the play and the place. The thesis connects with discussions on how "space" is charged with symbolic and cultural meanings, the use of history and cultural heritage, and story-telling. These approaches are combined with analysis of how participants in interaction use multiple resources (talk, spatial organisation, gestures, gazes, movements and postures) to invokethe spatial aspects of the play as well as to put the story of the play in place. The methodological approach of the thesis combines fieldwork (personal observations, videotaping and audio-recordings) with analysis of written material, press cuttings, archival material, and books and illustrations about the area and its history. In conclusion, this dissertation makes visible how Alvastra Abbey is associated with imagined cultural, political and social entities such as a nation, a province, and a local community. "The Power and the Glory", it appears, constitutes one agent among others in a long term meaning making process. One point made in this book is that although the story of the play is legitimised through references to a past that already has become meaningful in earlier processes of traditionalisation, the work of the Association of Alvastra Chronicle Play and the rehearsal process also creates a traditionalisation process of its own.

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La, Valle Natalia. "L’organisation temporelle des activités dans l’espace domestique : interactions, matérialité, technologies". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20035/document.

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Bien que l’intérêt pour la sphère domestique constitue un enjeu pour la recherche ainsi que pour la conception et l’industrie, les données empiriques restent rares. Dans une perspective praxéologique, interactionnelle et naturaliste, cette thèse contribue à combler ce déficit. Elle identifie des ressources particulières de l’organisation du quotidien dans deux foyers français. Par des analyses d’entretiens, et surtout par des analyses de données audio-vidéo, la thèse met en lumière l’importance du travail interactionnel que les membres réalisent chaque jour dans les foyers pour ordonner et rendre intelligibles leurs activités. Ce travail se base sur de multiples pratiques langagières (verbalisations d’actions, annonces, pré-séquences, sollicitations, injonctions, etc.) qui marquent et donnent le temps et ouvrent des séquences de négociation entre adultes et enfants. A coté des donneurs de temps langagiers, des donneurs de temps corporels, matériels et artefactuels sont également mobilisés. L’ordonnancement des activités n’est pas une simple gestion du temps, car qu’il s’appuie constamment sur des évaluations, des rationalités, des moralités pratiques au sein d’un environnement matériel et de soin particulier. Du point de vue de la conception technologique, la socialisation des membres des familles à une certaine normalité temporelle est un phénomène central. La sophistication ou la démultiplication d’éléments techniques ne peuvent suffire au développement de systèmes et de services innovants pertinents pour les familles. Les notions de temporalité distribuée et de donneurs de temps interactionnels semblent adéquates pour aborder les activités de l’espace domestique et familial
Although interest in the domestic sphere is a challenge for research as well as for design and for the industry, empirical data remain scarce. Within a praxeological and interactional perspective, this thesis contributes to filling this gap. It identifies specific resources of the everyday life organisation in two French homes. Through the analysis of interviews, and especially through the analysis of audio-video data, this thesis sheds light on the importance of the interactional work that members are deploying every day in their homes to order and make their activities accountable to each other. This work is based on multiple practices (such as verbalisation of actions, announcements, solicitations, directives, etc.) and resources that mark and set the time sequences of activities and open negotiation between adults and children. Besides the conversational time givers, body and artefactual material time givers are also massively mobilised. Thus, the coordination and organisation of activities is not a simple matter of time management, since they rely on a constant practical orientation anchored in specific material and care environments. From the perspective of technological design, the family members’ socialisation within a certain time and domestic normality is a central phenomenon. Sophistication or the multiplication of technical elements is not enough (and can represent a problem) with regard to the development of innovative systems for homes. Using notions of distributed temporality and interactional time givers seems to be an appropriate trial to study home and family activities

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Ostuni, Francesco Saverio. "Interactive processing for space-time wireless communications". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414014.

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23

González, Escobar Víctor Manuel. "Percepción de espacio-tiempo en la interacción con entornos virtuales de aprendizaje en educación superior". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/322800.

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La presente investigación doctoral se propuso como objetivo visibilizar las diferencias en la percepción espacio-temporal de los académicos de 3 universidades chilenas en el ambiente de interacción con sus estudiantes construido en un entorno de aprendizaje virtual. Se aborda desde un enfoque de la teoría de la actividad, considerando además conceptos del hipermundo, del interaccionismo, del eLearning y particularmente en la utilización de los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje (EVA), la percepción de espacio y de tiempo de profesores y estudiantes en sus actividades académicas virtuales. El abordaje por medio de la teoría de la actividad explica el comportamiento del ser humano en su interacción con el medio, tanto sus iguales como los instrumentos utilizados; Sandoval y Crespo (2005) ven en la actividad a través del web como un proceso donde se desarrolla la creatividad y el pensamiento por medio de la creación de vínculos y de intercambios de información, lo que Stein (2004) llama vivencia entre sujetos. Al pensar lo tecnológico, se hace necesario considerar las dinámicas de espacio-tiempo que condicionan y reconfiguran la noción de realidad, las actividades académicas y los ambientes de aprendizaje. El proceso de recogida de datos estuvo guiado por los objetivos de la investigación. Para el objetivo 1 (dimensión 1) se utilizó una encuesta online respondida por profesores y estudiantes de la UANTOF (http://www.uantof.cl), UMCE (http://www.umce.cl) y de la UFRO (http://www.ufro.cl); posteriormente se seleccionaron académicos y estudiantes para responder un cuestionario online que buscaba comparar experimentalmente la noción espacio-temporal que ellos tienen sobre el ambiente de interacción construido en un EVA (objetivo 2); el tercer objetivo (dimensión 3) fue trabajado por un cuestionario online de preguntas abiertas respondido por los académicos líderes de los procesos de innovación y cambio tecnológico de las Universidades antes nombradas. Se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria y significativa de 165 académicos entre aquellos que tuvieron al menos una asignatura activa durante el segundo semestre de 2013 y/o el primer semestre de 2014, en el entorno virtual de aprendizaje institucional de cada universidad, participaron 1091 estudiantes. El cuestionario del objetivo 2 fue respondido por 15 académicos y 45 estudiantes; el tercer cuestionario lo respondió un líder de innovación de cada Universidad. Las actividades de enseñanza, soportadas por entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, en su gran mayoría han permitido un acceso mayoritario a la información de parte de los involucrados, pero no son siempre garantía de éxito en el mejoramiento de los aprendizajes. El estudiante necesita apoyo, motivación, metodología y didáctica adecuada para que efectivamente las innovaciones impacten en su aprendizaje. La presente Tesis intenta explicar algunos elementos que dificultan el encuentro profesor-alumno. El uso de los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje debe estar orientado hacia un enfoque global, flexible y cambiante, propio de la sociedad líquida (Bauman, 2012), que se transforma en función de los requerimientos y exigencias de los participantes. Lebrun, (2005) señala que los estudiantes presentan una serie de competencias frente a las cuales podrán construir sus propios conocimientos, añadimos, sus propias estructuras de conocimiento, que les permitan resolver las dificultades que les plantea la sociedad. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido reflexionar en torno a la diferencia de percepción, entre profesores, que consideran estar ante una herramienta que les permite optimizar sus procesos académicos, su acción, su labor docente, con innovaciones y planificaciones traspasadas desde la presencialidad a la virtualidad y estudiantes que conscientes de la diferencia de ambiente, demandan del profesorado una mayor preparación y capacitación para el éxito de las actividades desarrolladas; los estudiantes ven en el entorno virtual de aprendizaje una herramienta potente que bien aprovechada permitiría acercarse al conocimiento de una forma más atractiva, dinámica y cautivadora.
This doctoral thesis aims at identifying differences in scholars’ perception of space and time during the interaction with students through virtual learning environment (VLE) in three Chilean universities. The main theoretical framework that supports this investigation is the Activity Theory (AT). Concepts such as hyper-world, interactionism, e-learning, teachers’ and students’ perception of space and time when working with VLE are also used. Humans’ interaction with their environment is explained from the AT perspective. Sandoval and Crespo (2005) consider the activity through the web a process where creativity and thought are both developed through the creation of links and the exchange of information. This is what Stein (2004) calls “experience among subjects.” It is important to consider, when working with technology, the dynamic of space and time because these two elements condition and reconfigure the notion of reality, the academic activities and the learning environments. Data were collected taking into account the objectives. For objective 1 (dimension 1), an online survey was used. It gathered information from teachers and students at UANTOF (http://www.uantof.cl), UMCE (http://www.umce.cl), and UFRO (http://www.ufro.cl). For objective 2 (dimension 2), an online questionnaire was applied to scholars and students. It was meant to provide information used to compare the informants’ notion of space and time about the interactional environment built through VLE. For objective 3 (dimension 3), an online questionnaire composed of open-ended questions was applied to a group of scholars who are leaders in innovation processes and technological change from the three universities previously mentioned. These instruments made possible a random and significant sample selection of 165 scholars (scholars who had at least had one active subject in VLE from each university during the second semester of 2013 or the first semester of 2014). 1091 students were also selected. The questionnaire for objective 2 was answered by 15 scholars and 45 students, and the third questionnaire was answered by one leader in innovation in each university. Most of the teaching activities in VLE have granted open access to information to those involved in the process. Academic success, however, is not always guaranteed. Students need motivation, support, and a suitable didactics and an appropriate methodology so that innovations impact their learning favorably. Some of the elements that hamper the student-teacher relationship and encounter are explained here. The use of VLE should be used under a flexible, changing and more global approach, typical of a liquid society (Bauman, 2012), that adjusts to serve the participants’ requirements and needs. Lebrun (2005) claims that students have certain skills they can use to build their own knowledge (or structures of knowledge) through which they will face the challenges of society. Results in this research have provided a context to reflect on the difference of perception between teachers and students. On the one hand, there are the teachers who expect to use a tool to improve academic processes and their teaching experience through innovation and planning from the regular classroom context to a virtual one. On the other hand, there are the students, who are aware of the differences implied when using VLE, and therefore demand more prepared and better trained teachers that can guarantee success in the activities. Students see VLE as a powerful tool that, if used wisely, can provide access to information and knowledge in a more attractive, dynamic and engaging way.

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Boguta, Maria. "A New Space-Time Model for Interacting Agents in the Financial Market". Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3180.

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In this thesis we present a new space-time model of interacting agents in the financial market. It is a combination of the Curie-Weiss model and a model introduced by Järpe. We investigate properties such as the critical temperature and magnetization of the system. The distribution of the Hamiltonian function is obtained and a hypothesis test of independence is derived. The results are illustrated in an example based on real data.

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25

Louis, Pierre-Yves. "Coupling, space and time Mixing for parallel stochastic dynamics". Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5156/.

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We first introduce some coupling of a finite number of Probabilistic Cellular Automata dynamics (PCA), preserving the stochastic ordering. Using this tool, for a general attractive probabilistic cellular automata on SZd, where S is finite, we prove that a condition (A) is equivalent to the (time-) convergence towards equilibrium of this Markovian parallel dynamics, in the uniform norm, exponentially fast. This condition (A) means the exponential decay of the influence from the boundary for the invariant measures of the system restricted to finite ‘box’-volume. For a class of reversible PCA dynamics on {−1, +1}Zd
with a naturally associated Gibbsian potential ϕ, we prove that a Weak Mixing condition for ϕ implies the validity of the assumption (A); thus the ‘exponential ergodicity’ of the dynamics towards the unique Gibbs measure associated to ϕ holds. On some particular examples of this PCA class, we verify that our assumption (A) is weaker than the Dobrushin-Vasershtein ergodicity condition. For some special PCA, the ‘exponential ergodicity’ holds as soon as there is no phase transition.

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Gherghel, Iulian. "HOW ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION SHAPE SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS AND ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS ACROSS TIME AND SPACE". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1607695751110949.

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Hardie, Beth Nicole. "Why monitoring doesn't always matter : the situational role of parental monitoring in adolescent crime". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269284.

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Parental monitoring of settings is not always relevant for the prevention of adolescent crime because adolescents with strong personal moral rules and the ability to exercise self control are unlikely to offend even when they are unsupervised and know that their parents have little knowledge about their activities. Parental monitoring, commonly operationalised as parental supervision or parental knowledge, is often shown to have a negative relationship with crime involvement. However, research often ignores both the mechanism by which these relationships occur and the conditions under which they might (and might not) be found. This thesis uses specialist Space-Time Budget data (from the Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study) to allow the comparison of adolescent crime rates in settings characterised by the of convergence of i) the physical presence or absence of parents and other guardians, ii) the psychological presence or absence of parents (represented by adolescent-perceived generalised parental knowledge of the circumstances of unsupervised activity) and iii) personal crime propensity (moral rules and ability to exercise self control). The conclusion derived from the results is that the physical presence of parents and other guardians in settings reduces the rate of adolescent crime committed in those settings; and the psychological presence of parents reduces the criminogenic impact of unsupervised time. Crucially however, these effects of parental monitoring are almost irrelevant for adolescents with a lower personal crime propensity, who are not likely to offend in settings irrespective of the physical or psychological absence of parents and other guardians. These findings provide support for person-environment interactions inherent in the causal model of Situational Action Theory, and provide a novel addition to evidence that could be used in future to inform policy-relevant recommendations concerning parenting behaviour and adolescent offending. Although this thesis provides new evidence about the relationship between parental monitoring and crime, the bulk of its contribution is relevant to a much wider audience. It contributes to the debate on approaches to the study of crime and crime prevention, adds clarity to key concepts and develops theoretical arguments in the field of parental monitoring and crime, develops a novel application of Situational Action Theory, extends theoretical and methodological discussions surrounding situational analysis, applies novel data and analytical methods to the study of the psychological and physical presence of guardians, generates and situates unique findings about the situational role of aspects of parental monitoring and crime, and makes some policy recommendations and suggestions about the nature and direction of future research.

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Roelly, Sylvie, e Michel Sortais. "Space-time asymptotics of an infinite-dimensional diffusion having a long- range memory". Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/670/.

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We develop a cluster expansion in space-time for an infinite-dimensional system of interacting diffusions where the drift term of each diffusion depends on the whole past of the trajectory; these interacting diffusions arise when considering the Langevin dynamics of a ferromagnetic system submitted to a disordered external magnetic field.

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Chu, Ge. "Les interactions de la culture occidentale et de la culture chinoise dans l'oeuvre théâtrale et poétique de Paul Claudel". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30008.

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De 1895 à 1909, Claudel a fait trois séjours de mission diplomatiques en Chine et il y a vécu presque douze ans. En tant que diplomate, il a séjourné dans plusieurs villes chinoises, Shanghai, Fou-Tchéou, Hankéou, Hong-Kong, Pékin et Tian-Tsin ; et en tant que dramaturge et poète, il a témoigné de la largeur et de la profondeur des paysages exotiques et orientaux. Sous la plume de Paul Claudel, la rencontre avec l’Empire du Milieu s’est faite dans un double plan. On y trouve d’une part une attitude réservée et résistante, qui suscite des malentendus et des étonnements, et d’autre part une attitude qui recherche de l’inspiration dans l’altérité. Compte tenu du parcours personnel de Claudel, nous pouvons situer ses œuvres dans une dimension transculturelle (culture française et culture chinoise), trans-spatiale (la Chine vue de l’extérieur et la Chine vue de l’intérieur), trans-temporelle (Chine ancienne et Chine contemporaine) et trans-religieuse (le christianisme et le taoïsme, le confucianisme ainsi que le bouddhisme). Nous prenons ici pour champ d’étude ses œuvres théâtrales et poétiques inspirées par la culture chinoise, nous cherchons à y trouver les éléments chinois et à les analyser, à découvrir la réaction de Claudel en face d’un paysage étranger, et nous voyons comment Claudel traite la rencontre poétique et conceptuelle de deux cultures, ce qui nous permet de mettre en valeur les implications significatives apportées par l’écrivain, et de souligner ses efforts dans la communication sino-française. Signalons enfin que, à la différence du travail effectué par les prédécesseurs, notre thèse concerne non pas Claudel et la Chine en général, mais plus particulièrement les interactions mutuelles entre la culture occidentale et la culture chinoise dans ses œuvres théâtrales et poétiques
From 1895 to 1909, Claudel had made three business trips in China and lived there for almost twelve years. As a diplomat, he visited several Chinese cities, such as Shanghai, Foochow, Haikou, Hong Kong, Beijing and Tientsin; as a playwright and poet, he also experienced the breadth and depth of exotic oriental landscapes. In the writings of Paul Claudel, the encounter with the China was two- dimensional: there is firstly a reserved and obstinate attitude, producing misunderstandings and surprises, and also an attitude that seeks inspiration in otherness. Based on the personal journey of Claudel, we can situate his works in several perspectives: cross-cultural (French culture and Chinese culture), cross-spatial (from external view to internal view of China), cross-temporal (ancient China and contemporary China) and cross-religious (Christianity，Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism). We study his theatrical and poetic works inspired by Chinese culture, we focus on analyzing the Chinese elements and we see how Claudel manages the poetic and conceptual interaction between two cultures so as to explore and appreciate the cultural implications with rich symbolic significance in these works and to highlight his efforts in the Sino-French communication. We point out that, different from the previous studies, our thesis doesn’t concern the general connection of Claudel with China, but particularly the mutual interaction between Chinese and Western cultures in his theatrical and poetic works

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Kassan, Mark W. "Distributed Interactive Simulation: The Answer to Interoperable Test and Training Instrumentation". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611445.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
This paper discusses Global Positioning System (GPS) Range Applications Joint Program Office (RAJPO) efforts to foster interoperability between airborne instrumentation, virtual simulators, and constructive simulations using Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS). In the past, the testing and training communities developed separate airborne instrumentation systems primarily because available technology couldn't encompass both communities' requirements. As budgets get smaller, as requirements merge, and as technology advances, the separate systems can be used interoperably and possibly merged to meet common requirements. Using DIS to bridge the gap between the RAJPO test instrumentation system and the Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation (ACMI) training systems provides a defacto system-level interoperable interface while giving both communities the added benefits of interaction with the modeling and simulation world. The RAJPO leads the test community in using DIS. RAJPO instrumentation has already supported training exercises such as Roving Sands 95, Warfighter 95, and Combat Synthetic Test, Training, and Assessment Range (STTAR) and major tests such as the Joint Advanced Distributed Simulation (JADS) Joint Test and Evaluation (JT&E) program. Future efforts may include support of Warrior Flag 97 and upgrading the Nellis No-Drop Bomb Scoring Ranges. These exercises, combining the use of DIS and RAJPO instrumentation to date, demonstrate how a single airborne system can be used successfully to support both test and training requirements. The Air Combat Training System (ACTS) Program plans to build interoperability through DIS into existing and future ACMI systems. The RAJPO is committed to fostering interoperable airborne instrumentation systems as well as interfaces to virtual and constructive systems in the modeling and simulation world. This interoperability will provide a highly realistic combat training and test synthetic environment enhancing the military's ability to train its warfighters and test its advanced weapon systems.

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31

Kwon, Eunbi. "Effects of climate change on the breeding ecology and trophic interactions of Arctic-breeding shorebirds". Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20604.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Division of Biology
Brett K. Sandercock
Impacts of climate change on biological systems include shifts in seasonal phenology. How do migratory animals adjust reproductive decisions as they shift timing of breeding? I investigated patterns of climate change at a network of Arctic sites in Alaska and Canada, and examined the impacts of climate change on the breeding phenology, reproductive performance, and trophic interactions of Arctic-breeding shorebirds. First, I compared the breeding performance of three species, Western Sandpiper, Semipalmated Sandpiper, and Red-necked Phalaropes, at Nome, Alaska, across a 14-year interval. I found that shorebirds responded to a decreasing temperature during laying by delaying timing of breeding. Delayed breeding shortened the incubation duration for two biparental species but extended incubation for a uniparental species. Despite a short Arctic summer, the breeding windows of three sympatric species were temporally distinct. The three species often nested within several meters from each other, but bred under different temperature regimes and adjusted their reproductive output to different sets of environmental factors. Shifts in breeding phenology can disrupt trophic interactions, especially the phenological match between peak prey availability and hatching of shorebirds. Comparing the extent of phenological mismatch between six shorebirds and their invertebrate prey at ten Arctic sites, peak demand of shorebird broods occurred on average 3.8 days (± 13.8) later than local food peaks, and population demand curves overlapped with food curves by 47% (± 14%). Latitudinal and longitudinal gradients in the extent of trophic mismatch were mediated through geographic variation in the seasonal phenology of invertebrates and shorebirds. For individual nests, both more northerly and easterly sites showed greater phenological mismatch with annual food peaks. Delayed emergence of food peaks at more northerly and easterly sites alleviated the extent of phenological mismatch. My multi-site study provides the first evidence that large-scale geographic processes can determine the extent of phenological mismatch in a bitrophic system. Trends of climate change are sensitive to breeding stages and also vary along a longitudinal gradient. Variability in climatic trends in the Arctic, combined with species-dependent responses to local climate change, indicate that it will be challenging to predict the impacts of future climate change.

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Mitchell, Phillipa Marlis. "Accessing the in between: The conditions of possibility emerging from interactions with information and communications technologies in Auckland, New Zealand". Thesis, University of Auckland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/3456.

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The complex interactions between individuals, institutions and information and communications technologies (ICTs) have generated a growing body of research that seeks greater knowledge of the processes at work and their consequences. Situated firmly within this area, this thesis challenges the dominance of the generalised and largely technologically deterministic narratives within the field by seeking to constitute such knowledge in a different way. Geography provides a useful standpoint from which to challenge these narratives owing to its enduring engagement with time and space, concepts implicit in any discussion of ICTs effects. Emerging work on code space, transurbanism and timespace are specifically used to negate the persistent dualistic treatment of time and space which is argued to be hampering geographic research in this field. Methodologically drawing from a non representational style this thesis uses these emerging understandings to access the in between, a mental space of performance; which involves the process of drawing from tacit knowledge, cognitive perceptions of the spatial and temporal environment and emotions, in order to explore the conditions of possibility that individuals are becoming aware of through their interactions with ICTs. Four empirical interventions are used to ground these emerging understandings into the reality of everyday encounters with ICTs in Auckland, New Zealand. The first focuses on the role of local government in the development of Auckland’s ICT infrastructure, a complex and contingent process. The second concentrates on the provision of a Real Time Passenger Information System at Auckland bus stops, exposing individuals to new timespaces while waiting for the bus. The third considers students opinions of the e-learning mechanisms used in two first year geography courses. The final intervention examines the role ICTs play in South Africans and South Koreans imagining, negotiation and mediation of the migration process to Auckland. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to how geography constitutes knowledge about ICTs at three different levels. Empirically, the four interventions contribute grounded findings to the debates in the geographic literature over interactions with ICTs. Methodologically, the conditions of possibility institutional and individual actors are beginning to perceive through their encounters with ICTs are revealed as are the timespaces that may eventuate from these. Theoretically, to understand how the interactions between individuals and ICTs are performed this thesis demonstrates the need to interrogate the in between as a process, not just a gap or blank.

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Picard, Manon. "La smartfiction : une fiction interactive à lire, un rôle à incarner ou une partie à jouer sur son smartphone ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2681.

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La smartfiction est un récit à lire et à jouer sur son smartphone. Reprenant les codes techniques, esthétiques, sociaux et culturels du smartphone pour les réinvestir dans le cadre d’une fiction, la smartfiction repose sur une dimension réflexive par rapport au smartphone. En exploitant les conventions des pratiques ordinaires du smartphone, l’utilisateur d’une smartfiction doit se projeter en tant qu’utilisateur de smartphone lorsqu'il lit, interprète et joue un récit de vie fictionnel. En effet, le propre du récit est de raconter une vie qui n’est plus la mienne ou qui n'est pas la mienne. « Moi » écoutant, je coïncide avec un temps racontant qui me projette sur le temps raconté. L'écriture et les dispositifs font du temps racontant une construction du « Moi » lisant. Dans le cadre des smartfictions, ce jeu sur le temps repose notamment sur la discussion instantanée (chat fictionnel) et les notifications (que je nomme notifictions pour désigner des notifications fictionnelles). Ainsi, l’utilisateur dispose d’un cadre pour se fondre dans le temps du récit en l’articulant à un temps de lecture. Mais ce récit, il l’interprète comme un acteur interprète un rôle au théâtre. En incarnant le rôle qui lui est attribué, l’utilisateur vit le temps du récit comme un temps joué à la première personne. Pour ce faire, il doit aborder son rôle comme s’il jouait une partie et ainsi transformer le temps du récit en un temps de jeu. Il doit « jouer le je.u ». Récit, théâtre et jeu sont alors trois modalités temporelles du temps vécu qui sont reconfigurées par la smartfiction : une histoire que l’on joue et que l’on incarne. La smartfiction relève donc d'un double statut, phénoménologique et sémiotique. En effet, le lecteur-acteur-joueur interagit avec la smartfiction et synchronise son flux de conscience avec les différents objets la composant pour vivre l’expérience de lecture à la première personne. Il synchronise son temps vécu au temps de la fiction. Cette synchronisation est rythmée par l'interaction avec les codes propres à l'utilisation d'un smartphone, qui devient le cadre sémiotique et pragmatique de la smartfiction. Ce cadre permet à la fois la contextualisation de la smartfiction et fonctionne comme une défamiliarisation du smartphone. L'étude, qui repose sur un corpus de onze smartfictions, articule ainsi une double approche phénoménologique et sémiotique. La smartfiction est un récit sur smartphone qui est arrivé à quelqu'un, un récit qui est un jeu dans lequel l’utilisateur joue comme un acteur. Avec la smartfiction, nous assistons à la naissance d’un format, voire d'un genre. L’émergence d’un nouveau genre invite à s'interroger sur son articulation aux genres existants, voire à leurs reconfigurations : la smartfiction correspond-elle à une autre manière de raconter, une autre forme de mise en scène, une autre pratique de jeu ? Ces questions renvoient également au rôle des dispositifs, rôle qui se révèle dans ces formes créatives. En particulier, la smartfiction invite à objectiver le rôle d'un smartphone dans le cadre d'un récit. La smartfiction est donc un laboratoire pour l’analyse des genres créatifs et la compréhension du rôle des supports et des dispositifs
A smartfiction is a story to be read and played on the smartphone. Taking the technical, aesthetic, social and cultural codes of the smartphone to reinvest them in the framework of a fiction, smartfiction relies on a reflexive dimension in relation to the smartphone. By using the conventions of ordinary smartphone practices, the user of a smartfiction must project themself as a smartphone user when reading, interpreting and acting out a fictional life story. Indeed, the very nature of the story is to tell a life that is no longer mine or that is not mine. Me listening, I coincide with a telling time which projects me in the told time. The writing of the story and the devices make the telling time a construction of the reading self. Within the framework of the smartfictions, this game on time relies in particular on the instant (fictional) chat and the notifications (which I name notifictions to indicate fictional notifications). That way, the user has a framework for blending into the time of the story by articulating it to a reading time. But they interpret this story as an actor interprets a role in the theater. By embodying the role assigned to him, the user lives the time of the story as a time played in the first person. To do this, they must approach their role as if they were playing a game and thus transform the time of the story into a time of play. They must “play the ga.Me”. Narrative, theater and game are then three temporal modalities of the lived time that are reset by the smartfiction : a story that one plays and that one incarnates. A smartfiction has thus a double status, phenomenological and semiotic. Indeed, the reader-actor-player interacts with the smartfiction and synchronizes their flow of consciousness with the different objects composing it in order to live the experience of reading in the first person. They synchronize their living time with the time of the fiction. This synchronization is punctuated by the interaction with the specific codes related to the use of a smartphone, which becomes the semiotic and pragmatic framework of the smartfiction. This framework allows both the contextualization of the smartfiction and functions as a defamiliarization of the smartphone. The study, based on a corpus of eleven smartfictions, thus articulates a double phenomenological and semiotic approach. A smartfiction is a story on a smartphone that happened to someone, a story that is a game in which the user plays as an actor. With the smartfiction, we witness the birth of a format, even of a genre. The emergence of a new genre invites us to question its articulation with existing genres, or even their reconfiguration: does smartfiction correspond to another way of telling, another form of staging, another practice of acting? These questions also refer to the role of the device which stands out in these creative modes. In particular, smartfiction invites us to objectify the role of a smartphone in a narrative. Smartfiction is thus a laboratory for the analysis of creative genres and for the understanding of the role of the medium and the devices

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"Essays on Space-Time Interaction Tests". Doctoral diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.18053.

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abstract: Researchers across a variety of fields are often interested in determining if data are of a random nature or if they exhibit patterning which may be the result of some alternative and potentially more interesting process. This dissertation explores a family of statistical methods, i.e. space-time interaction tests, designed to detect structure within three-dimensional event data. These tests, widely employed in the fields of spatial epidemiology, criminology, ecology and beyond, are used to identify synergistic interaction across the spatial and temporal dimensions of a series of events. Exploration is needed to better understand these methods and determine how their results may be affected by data quality problems commonly encountered in their implementation; specifically, how inaccuracy and/or uncertainty in the input data analyzed by the methods may impact subsequent results. Additionally, known shortcomings of the methods must be ameliorated. The contributions of this dissertation are twofold: it develops a more complete understanding of how input data quality problems impact the results of a number of global and local tests of space-time interaction and it formulates an improved version of one global test which accounts for the previously identified problem of population shift bias. A series of simulation experiments reveal the global tests of space-time interaction explored here to be dramatically affected by the aforementioned deficiencies in the quality of the input data. It is shown that in some cases, a conservative degree of these common data problems can completely obscure evidence of space-time interaction and in others create it where it does not exist. Conversely, a local metric of space-time interaction examined here demonstrates a surprising robustness in the face of these same deficiencies. This local metric is revealed to be only minimally affected by the inaccuracies and incompleteness introduced in these experiments. Finally, enhancements to one of the global tests are presented which solve the problem of population shift bias associated with the test and better contextualize and visualize its results, thereby enhancing its utility for practitioners.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Geography 2013

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Cragin, Timothy L. "Stabilized space-time fluid-structure interaction techniques with the continuum element". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/20497.

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We present the methods used to add continuum element functionality to the structure side of our Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) solver. The FSI solver, already capable of handling the interaction between membrane structure elements and fluid elements, can now accurately simulate fully 3D structure models as well. A few simple test calculations are presented in order to verify the proper implementation of these changes. Then we aim to establish the effectiveness of these methods by modeling blood flow through a cerebral sacular aneurysm. These computations are performed with three different structural models: linearly-elastic, hyperelastic (Mooney-Rivlin), and Neo-Hookean. Futhermore, each structure model is tested with two different pressure profiles and two different aneurysm thicknesses. Finally, we suggest a procedural change for further investigation: instead of assuming image-based geometry corresponds to zero blood pressure, use that image-based geometry to estimate the zero-pressure arterial geometry.

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Rebelo, Ana Rita Oliva. "VR Lab: User Interaction in Virtual Environments using Space and Time Morphing". Master's thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/135420.

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Virtual Reality (VR) allows exploring changes in space and time that would otherwise be difficult to simulate in the real world. It becomes possible to transform the virtual world by increasing or diminishing distances or playing with time delays. Analysing the adaptability of users to different space-time conditions allows studying human perception and finding the right combination of interaction paradigms. Different methods have been proposed in the literature to offer users intuitive techniques for navigating wide virtual spaces, even if restricted to small physical play areas. Other studies investigate latency tolerance, suggesting humans’ inability to detect slight discrepancies between visual and proprioceptive sensory information. These studies contribute valuable insights for designing immersive virtual experiences and interaction techniques suitable for each task. This dissertation presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a tangible VR Lab where spatiotemporal morphing scenarios can be studied. As a case study, we restricted the scope of the research to three spatial morphing scenarios and one temporal morphing scenario. The spatial morphing scenarios compared Euclidean and hyperbolic geometries, studied size discordance between physical and virtual objects, and the representation of hands in VR. The temporal morphing scenario investigated from what visual delay the task performance is affected. The users’ adaptability to the different spatiotemporal conditions was assessed based on task completion time, questionnaires, and observed behaviours. The results revealed significant differences between Euclidean and hyperbolic spaces. They also showed a preference for handling virtual and physical objects with concordant sizes, without any virtual representation of the hands. Although task performance was affected from 200 ms onwards, participants considered the ease of the task to be affected only from 500 ms visual delay onwards.
A Realidade Virtual (RV) permite explorar mudanças no espaço e no tempo que de outra forma seriam difíceis de simular no mundo real. Torna-se possível transformar o mundo virtual aumentando ou diminuindo as distâncias ou manipulando os atrasos no tempo. A análise da adaptabilidade dos utilizadores a diferentes condições espaço-temporais permite estudar a perceção humana e encontrar a combinação certa de paradigmas de interação. Diferentes métodos têm sido propostos na literatura para oferecer aos utilizadores técnicas intuitivas de navegação em espaços virtuais amplos, mesmo que restritos a pequenas áreas físicas de jogo. Outros estudos investigam a tolerância à latência, sugerindo a incapacidade do ser humano de detetar ligeiras discrepâncias entre a informação sensorial visual e propriocetiva. Estes estudos contribuem com valiosas informações para conceber experiências virtuais imersivas e técnicas de interação adequadas a cada tarefa. Esta dissertação apresenta o desenho, implementação e avaliação de um Laboratório de RV tangível onde podem ser estudados cenários de distorção espaço-temporal. Como estudo de caso, restringimos o âmbito da investigação a três cenários de distorção espacial e um cenário de distorção temporal. Os cenários de distorção espacial compararam geometrias Euclidianas e hiperbólicas, estudaram a discordância de tamanho entre objetos físicos e virtuais, e a representação das mãos em RV. O cenário de distorção temporal investigou a partir de que atraso visual o desempenho da tarefa é afetado. A adaptabilidade dos utilizadores às diferentes condições espaço-temporais foi avaliada com base no tempo de conclusão da tarefa, questionários, e comportamentos observados. Os resultados revelaram diferenças significativas entre os espaços Euclidiano e hiperbólico. Também mostraram a preferência pelo manuseamento de objetos virtuais e físicos com tamanhos concordantes, sem qualquer representação virtual das mãos. Embora o desempenho da tarefa tenha sido afetado a partir dos 200 ms, os participantes consideraram que a facilidade da tarefa só foi afetada a partir dos 500 ms de atraso visual.

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Nanna, W. L. Bryan. "Arterial fluid mechanics computations with the stabilized space-time fluid-structure interaction techniques". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/20565.

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The stabilized space-time fluid-structure interaction (SSTFSI) techniques developed by the Team for Advanced Flow Simulation and Modeling (T☆AFSM) are applied to the field of arterial fluid mechanics through the FSI modeling of a cerebral artery with a small, saccular aneurysm. All arterial structures are modeled with membrane elements, which are geometrically nonlinear. FSI computations of cardio-vascular systems presently interest the scientific community as such types of analysis provide a non-invasive means of analyzing a patient's condition and risk for aneurysm rupture, a potentially life-threatening condition. Test computations for varying arterial wall thickness and blood pressure are presented for this cerebral aneurysm, with the arterial geometries of the computations closely approximating patient-specific image-based data. Results show the T☆AFSM's ability to handle complex and realistic FSI simulations while demonstrating the capability and utility of FSI simulations in the field of cardiovascular fluid mechanics.

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Jorge, Ana Nunes. "Design of Interactive Visualizations of Movies in Space and Time". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/32481.

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Considered an important art form, a source of entertainment and a powerful method for educating, movies have the great power to affect us perceptually, cognitively and emotionally. By integrating various symbol systems like image, audio, and text over time, they are very rich. Moreover, technological advances are making a large amount of movies and related information available over the years, and these media are increasingly being created, shared and accessed from different platforms and devices, supporting georeferencing as a form to further enrich their context, in time and space. However, the richness that makes these movies so interesting and accessible comes with a challenging complexity, highlighting the need for new and powerful ways to access, browse, and view them. Current navigation, search and access to movies happen mostly based on limited types of information, the applications that explore movies and videos do not fully exploit this potential due to the few dimensions they handle. Therefore, more and richer criteria of search, along with interesting and ludic visual aids are needed in order to help the user to manage and access this large amount of complex information. Interactive visualizations can help to handle this challenge. Through a Practice-Based Research, and by following a set of systematic fundamentals of design, we provide new and easy ways to explore, navigate and access movies through spatiotemporal interactive visualizations that allow for both professional and ludic uses. Accordingly, we focus on the exploration of information about movies released over time, in a certain location (e.g., movies of the Drama genre that were released in 2011, in France), and the information that is waived in the contents by criteria such as those related with image, audio, speech, with a focus on emotions (e.g., colors, music mood, spoken words and the emotions felt by the viewer). We validate the design through an evaluation that had positive and encouraging results, and showed the strengths and weaknesses of the visualizations and, above all, contributes to the refining towards improved proposals.

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(5930819), Michael Saenz. "Task Performance with Space-time Cube Visualizations: Differences Between HoloLens and Desktop Users". Thesis, 2019.

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The researcher’s intent in this study was to understand users’ performance, specifically in terms of time, error and workload, in different display conditions while manipulating a space-time cube visualization. A convergent mixed-method design was applied to allow the researcher to better understand the research problems. In the study, time, error and perceived workload were investigated to test performance to detect if a display condition had a positive or negative influence on users’ abilities to perform a task. The qualitative data explored the differences in users’ experiences with the HoloLens and desktop

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40

Xu, Yitu. "Using Volunteer Tracking Information for Activity-Based Travel Demand Modeling and Finding Dynamic Interaction-Based Joint-Activity Opportunities". 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/927.

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Technology used for real-time locating is being used to identify and track the movements of individuals in real time. With the increased use of mobile technology by individuals, we are now able to explore more potential interactions between people and their living environment using real-time tracking and communication technologies. One of the potentials that has hardly been taken advantage of is to use cell phone tracking information for activity-based transportation study. Using GPS-embedded smart phones, it is convenient to continuously record our trajectories in a day with little information loss. As smart phones get cheaper and hence attract more users, the potential information source for self-tracking data is pervasive. This study provides a cell phone plus web method that collects volunteer cell phone tracking data and uses an algorithm to identify the allocation of activities and traveling in space and time. It also provides a step that incorporates user-participated prompted recall attribute identification (travel modes and activity types) which supplements the data preparation for activity-based travel demand modeling. Besides volunteered geospatial information collection, cell phone users’ real-time locations are often collected by service providers such as Apple, AT&T and many other third-party companies. This location data has been used in turn to boost new location-based services. However, few applications have been seen to address dynamic human interactions and spatio-temporal constraints of activities. This study sets up a framework for a new kind of location-based service that finds joint-activity opportunities for multiple individuals, and demonstrates its feasibility using a spatio-temporal GIS approach.

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Boben, Joseph. "Fluid--Structure Interaction Modeling of Modified-Porosity Parachutes and Parachute Clusters". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/71924.

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To increase aerodynamic performance, the geometric porosity of a ringsail spacecraft parachute canopy is sometimes increased, beyond the "rings" and "sails" with hundreds of "ring gaps" and "sail slits." This creates extra computational challenges for fluid--structure interaction (FSI) modeling of clusters of such parachutes, beyond those created by the lightness of the canopy structure, geometric complexities of hundreds of gaps and slits, and the contact between the parachutes of the cluster. In FSI computation of parachutes with such "modified geometric porosity," the flow through the "windows" created by the removal of the panels and the wider gaps created by the removal of the sails cannot be accurately modeled with the Homogenized Modeling of Geometric Porosity (HMGP), which was introduced to deal with the hundreds of gaps and slits. The flow needs to be actually resolved. All these computational challenges need to be addressed simultaneously in FSI modeling of clusters of spacecraft parachutes with modified geometric porosity. The core numerical technology is the Stabilized Space--Time FSI (SSTFSI) technique, and the contact between the parachutes is handled with the Surface-Edge-Node Contact Tracking (SENCT) technique. In the computations reported here, in addition to the SSTFSI and SENCT techniques and HMGP, we use the special techniques we have developed for removing the numerical spinning component of the parachute motion and for restoring the mesh integrity without a remesh. We present results for 2- and 3-parachute clusters with two different payload models. We also present the FSI computations we carried out for a single, subscale modified-porosity parachute.

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42

Wen, Jung-Jung, e 溫融融. "A Clinical Application to Study on Interaction of Space-time Physiological Effect between De Qi of Acupuncture and Cerebral Cortex". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06878369627914810836.

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碩士
崑山科技大學
機械工程研究所
102
The cosmology of physics described the use of different energy scale to investigate the interaction between dimension and action force, and point out the invariance of Lorentz transformation in electro-magnetism. The traditional Chinese medicine mentioned the interaction between human and nature, explained the concept of counteraction and interrelation in Yin-Yang and Five Elements, and established the theory of Organs meridian system. Meanwhile the western medicine emphasized the biological homeostasis and the setting of human body temperature associated with the uptake of food in order to maintain the dynamic stability of phyiological function in eleven systems of the nervous, the cardiovascular and so on. This study is aimed to investigate De Qi of acupuncture in terms of physics and the interaction of spacetime effect between De Qi of acupuncture and cerebral cortex via the transmission of peripheral spatial signals. In addition, we used the therapeutic principles of symmetric relationship between lesion site and acupuncture points as to upper-lower, left-right, interior-exterior and anterior-posterior positions. Anatomically, a needle is acupunctured deeply into the periostium (periosteal stimulation) to produce the signals of dermatome, myotome, viscerotome and sclerotome. Then the acupuncture obtains De Qi (Bowsher 1998) when the patient felt the ache, numbness, sensation of distension and heaviness, which was known to facilitate neurotransmission via the following mechanisms:1.via the induction of scalp needle to activate the neural activity of cerebral cortex, 2. via the induction of eight important acupoints to transfer the bioenergy in the peripheral nervous system. In addition, these mechanisms are compatible with the Holographic paradigm（Holonism） on the symmetric conversion of signals and energy. Furthermore, these autoregulation between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems meet with the theory of Organs meridium system (Yin-Yang and Five Elements). This whole process also includes the effective energy transmission of arterial-arteriolar resonance effect in the circulatory system and the eletromagnetic resonance effect in the meridian system. Finally, through the articles review and cases report, we explore the clinical outcome in the combination of Zhu’s scalp needle and Eight important acupoints. In summary, from the procedure of acupuncture, we may trace the development of reduction from the peripheral spatial signal to the somatosensor-motor cortex. Then the feedback signals from the frontal lobe are divergent to the three-dimensional structure of our body via the neural transmission. The so-called “Pull one hair and you move the whole body” is completed by means of billions of synaptic connections in the cortical homunculus and the occipital-parietal-temporal-frontal cortex. Therefore; the reduction of spatial signals, the electric conduction of neuron, the conversion of bio-energy, the principle of all or none, and neuroplasticity and reorganization of cerebral cortical function are all demonstrated in the interaction of spacetime effect between De Qi of acupuncture and cerebral cortex.

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43

Wu, Wei-Chi, e 吳偉齊. "Creating an Interactive Space-Time Panorama from Panning Cameras". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61441493775790851602.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
資訊網路與多媒體研究所
97
This thesis discusses how to apply vision-based techniques to exhibit the evolution of a background scene through a period of time. It has many applications, such as digital preservation and tourist attractions. Ordinary captured images usually have a limited field of view. To browse a wide scene, one possible way is using multiple static cameras to monitor different viewing directions. However, with this kind of method there are certain drawbacks. For example, the relationships between different viewing directions could be confusing and the cost for multiple cameras could be costly. In recent years, panning cameras are widely used in many applications, such as visual surveillance and vision robot, to enlarge the monitoring area. With the use of a panning camera, a manifold panorama can be constructed in each round of the rotation, and a scene can be organized in an intuitional way. To generate an ideal background panorama without foreground influence, a block-based background modeling method is employed to pre-process the image for detecting and eliminating moving objects. We finalize by applying mean or median filter to create a space-time panorama for giving a better visual results. The results are demonstrated by an interactive user interface which allows users to be immersed with the panoramas.

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44

Keedy, Ryan M. "Special methods for fluid-object interactions and space-time computations". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17695.

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Simulations of complex fluid-object interactions problems in aeronautics demand robust and sophisticated numerical techniques. The proposed B-FOIST is an efficient library-lookup method for predicting the response of an object to a dominant, arbitrary flow field. B-FOIST predicts the trajectory of an object without the need for flow subcomputations, mesh-moving or remeshing. Subsequently, the path of the object can be calculated more quickly and efficiently than traditional mesh-moving methods while producing comparable results. Implementation of the proposed SSTF formulation can improve the efficiency of traditional space-time finite element computations. Many repetitive, unnecessary calculations can be eliminated by reformulating shape function derivatives and re-structuring the element-level matrix/vector calculations. There is the potential for large computational savings depending on the previous structure of the computations.

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45

Silva, Daniela de Jesus Pereira da. "Abundância da Raja clavata na costa continental portuguesa: otimização do desenho das campanhas de investigação". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/65274.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Estatística
A diminuição de recursos naturais e as consequências adversas no ecossistema são aspetos muito importantes. Este estudo debruça-se sobre a modelação espacial de recursos marinhos, nomeadamente das espécies Raja clavata e Merluccius merluccius. A Raja clavata e Merluccius merluccius são peixes que co-ocorrem ao longo da costa continental portuguesa. Os dados analisados dizem respeito a coordenadas geo-referenciadas de estações de pesca e para cada sabe-se o número e peso totais de Raja clavata capturada por hora. Os dados são provenientes de cruzeiros demersais realizados pelo IPMA entre 2013 e 2016. Adicionalmente, para 2015 e 2016, tem se informação do número de elementos de Merluccius merluccius capturados por hora. Com o objetivo de estimar os indicadores de abundância e biomassa da Raja clavata foram consideradas várias abordagens geoestatísticas, mais concretamente a suavização de kernel espacial, kriging com tendência externa e modelos de zeros inacionados. Nas duas últimas, a abundância de Merluccius merluccius pequena (comprimento < 26 cm) e a profundidade foram utilizadas como covariáveis. No método krigigng com tendência externa, o tipo de fundo foi também considerado como variável explicativa. Os resultados indicam que os índices de abundância e biomassa de Raja clavata decrescem com a profundidade e com o aumento do indicador da abundância de juvenis de Merluccius merluccius. Relativamente ao tipo de fundo a média dos índices de abundância e biomassa são superiores em tipos de fundo de lama e lodo com areia. De forma a desenhar futuras campanhas de investigação, é implementado um método de amostragem com base nas estimativas dos índices de abundância de Raja clavata e de Merluccius merluccius, obtidas de campanhas anteriores. Esta abordagem é avaliada através da comparação dos valores observados com os valores estimados por: correlações de spearman e o estimador da média, decorrente da amostragem aleatória estratificada, e a respetiva variância.
The depletion of natural resources and the adverse consequences on the ecosystem are very important aspects. This study deals with the spatial modeling of marine resources, namely the Raja clavata and Merluccius merluccius. Raja clavata and Merluccius merluccius are marine fishes cooccurring along the Portuguese continental coast. The data analyzed concern the georeferenced coordinates of the fishing locations and for each the total number of Raja clavata specimens and their weight at each fishing haul. The data are derived from IPMA demersal cruises and cover the period 2013 to 2016. Additionally, for 2015 and 2016, the total number of Merluccius merluccius and small Merluccius merluccius specimens caught at each fishing haul is also available. With the aim of estimating the abundance and biomass indicator of Raja clavata based on IPMA surveys several geostatistical approaches were applied, namely Spatial Kernel Smoothing, Kriging with External Drift and a Zero-Inflated Model. In the last two the small Merluccius merluccius abundance (length<26 cm) and depth were taken in consideration as covariates. In Kriging with External Drift, the seabed type was also used as explanatory variable. Results obtained indicate that Raja clavata abundance and biomass indicators decrease with depth and with the increase of small Merluccius merluccius abundance indicator. With respect to the seabed type, the mean of Raja clavata abundance and biomass indicators are higher in muddy and muddy sand. In order to design future campaigns of investigation, it is applied a sampling method based on the estimates of Raja clavata and Merluccius merluccius abundance indicators. The proposal survey is assessed by comparing the observed values and estimated values by spearman correlation and the mean estimator, from stratified random sampling, and its variance.
Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera por disponibilizar os dados analisados neste trabalho, parceiro do projeto FCT “PREFERENTIAL; PTDC/MAT-STA/28243/2017”

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46

Peters, Carly Grace. "Interconnectedness with the natural world : a journey of moments and interactions". Thesis, 2011. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/21191/1/whole_PetersCarlyGrace2011_thesis.pdf.

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Interconnectedness with the Natural World: a journey of moments and interactions explores and responds to the human individual's relationship with the organic environment. This project examines those moments when the individual may have a sense of connection, of interconnection to the organic environment. This study explores times such as when a very human interaction with the natural environment occurs - running barefoot in the grass - and the sudden awareness of and awakening to their surrounds that transpires. The idea of the moment is integral to the research, and a creature that I have come to see as being a hybrid of both time and place. This moment that contains the individual and their experience of interconnection with their surrounds is one that has propelled the further study of the very subjective nature of human interactions with their surrounds. I examine the way in which time and place play their roles in these very personal and organic moments between the two protagonists. I explore and delve into the way these moments of interconnectedness with the organic environment contain so very much - the concept of time and place and experience and Self, but also the very physicality of these elements. It is this somewhat intangible and undefinable nature of time, place and experience that relates directly to that open-endedness of the moment, and reinforces the concept. In a similar way, the very subjective manner of the human experience of these elements is enveloped and encapsulated by the equally subjective nature of this moment of interconnectedness. My creative responses to these ideas take the form of both a visual and sound-based installation. Both components of the work remain very organic in response to the organic subject of my research. I focus heavily on utilising organic, recycled materials and sounds taken directly from the environment to respond to and reflect on these explorations of the subjective nature of the moment of interaction with the surrounding organic world. I have created a space where I endeavour to show the work in such a way that it invites the viewer to experience it, correlating directly to the idea of the subjective experience of the individual. The greatest importance of this research, visual, sound and theoretical has been to gain a greater understanding of and arrive at a realisation of the very organic yet intangible nature of this moment of interaction between the individual and the organic environment. I have endeavoured to arrive at a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the moment of experience that occurs between the two, the role of time, place and experience, and the sense of interconnectedness that arises.

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47

Yin, Ling. "HUMAN INTERACTIONS IN PHYSICAL AND VIRTUAL SPACES: A GIS-BASED TIME-GEOGRAPHIC EXPLORATORY APPROACH". 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1149.

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Information and communication technologies (ICT) such as cell phone and the Internet have extended opportunities of human activities and interactions from physical spaces to virtual spaces. The relaxed spatio-temporal constraints on individual activities may affect human activity-travel patterns, social networks, and many other aspects of society. A challenge for research of human activities in the ICT age is to develop analytical environments that can help visualize and explore individual activities in virtual spaces and their mutual impacts with physical activities. This dissertation focuses on extending the time-geographic framework and developing a spatio-temporal exploratory environment in a space-time geographic information system (GIS) to facilitate research of human interactions in both physical and virtual spaces. In particular, this dissertation study addresses three research questions. First, it extends the time-geographic framework to assess the impacts of phone usage on potential face-to-face (F2F) meeting opportunities, as well as dynamic changes in potential F2F meeting opportunities over time. Secondly, this study extends the time-geographic framework to conceptualize and represent individual trajectories in an online social network space and to explore potential interaction opportunities among people in a virtual space. Thirdly, this study presents a spatio-temporal environment in a space-time GIS to facilitate exploration of the relationships between changes in physical proximity and changes in social closeness in a virtual space. The major contributions of this dissertation include: (1) advancing the time-geographic framework in its ability of exploring processes of virtual communication alerting physical activity opportunities; (2) extending some concepts of the classical time geography from a physical space to a virtual space for representing and exploring virtual interaction patterns; (3) developing a space-time GIS that is useful for exploring patterns of individual activities and interactions in both physical and virtual spaces, as well as the interactions between these two spaces.

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48

Girard, Simon. "Interactions multimodales visuelles et tactiles dans l’espace". Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10535.

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L’intégration de stimulations provenant de modalités sensorielles différentes nous offre des avantages perceptifs tels qu’une meilleure discrimination et une accélération des temps de réponse (TR) face aux évènements environnementaux. Cette thèse a investigué les effets de la position spatiale de stimulations visuelles et tactiles sur le gain de redondance (GR), qui correspond à une réduction du temps de réaction lorsque deux stimulations sont présentées simultanément plutôt qu’isolément. La première étude a comparé le GR lorsque les mêmes stimulations visuotactiles sont présentées dans une tâche de détection et une tâche de discrimination spatiale. Les stimulations étaient présentées unilatéralement dans le même hémichamp ou bilatéralement dans les hémichamps opposés. Dans la tâche de détection, les participants devaient répondre à toutes les stimulations, peu importe leur localisation. Les résultats de cette tâche démontrent que les stimulations unilatérales et bilatérales produisent un GR et une violation du modèle de course indissociables. Dans la tâche de discrimination spatiale où les participants devaient répondre seulement aux stimulations présentées dans l’hémichamp droit, les TR aux stimulations bilatérales étaient moins rapides. Nous n’avons pas observé de différence entre le GR maximal obtenu dans l’une ou l’autre des tâches de cette étude. Nous concluons que lorsque l’information spatiale n’est pas pertinente pour accomplir la tâche, les stimulations unilatérales et bilatérales sont équivalentes. La manipulation de la pertinence de l’information spatiale permet donc d’induire une altération du GR en fonction de la localisation des stimulations. Lors d’une seconde étude, nous avons investigué si la différence entre les gains comportementaux résultants de l’intégration multimodale et intramodale dépend de la configuration spatiale des stimulations. Les résultats montrent que le GR obtenu pour les conditions multimodales surpasse celui obtenu pour les stimulations intramodales. De plus, le GR des conditions multimodales n’est pas influencé par la configuration spatiale des stimulations. À l’opposé, les stimulations intramodales produisent un GR plus important iii lorsque les stimulations sont présentées bilatéralement. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’intégration multimodale et intramodale se distinguent quant au GR qu’ils produisent et quant aux conditions nécessaires à cette amélioration. La troisième étude examine le rôle du corps calleux (CC) dans l’observation du GR obtenu pour les stimulations multimodales et intramodales lorsque celles-ci sont présentées unilatéralement et bilatéralement. Quatre patients ayant une agénésie congénitale du corps calleux (AgCC) et un patient callosotomisé ont été comparés à des individus normaux dans une tâche de détection. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats suggèrent que le CC n’est pas nécessaire pour l’intégration interhémisphérique de stimulations multimodales. Sur la base d’études précédentes démontrant le rôle des collicules supérieurs (CS) dans l’intégration multimodale, nous concluons qu’en l’absence du CC, les bénéfices comportementaux résultants d’un traitement sous-cortical par les CS ne reflètent pas les règles d’intégration observées dans les études neurophysiologiques chez l’animal.
The integration of stimuli from the same or different modalities offers many benefits such as enhanced discrimination and accelerated reaction to objects. This thesis investigates the effects of stimuli’s spatial location on the redundancy gain (RG) obtained with cross-modal and within-modal stimulations. The RG is a decrease in reaction times (RT) when two or more stimuli are presented simultaneously rather than a single stimulation. The first study investigated cross-modal visuo-tactile integration in a single reaction time task and a choice reaction time task. Each unisensory stimulus was presented to either the left or right hemispace, and multisensory stimuli were presented in a unilateral (e.g. visual right/tactile right) or bilateral configuration (e.g. visual right/tactile left). The first task was a simple reaction time (SRT) paradigm where participants had to responded to all stimulations, irrespective of spatial position. Results showed that multisensory gain and coactivation were the same for spatially aligned and misaligned visuotactile stimulations. In the second task, a choice reaction time (CRT) paradigm where participants responded to rightsided stimuli only, bilateral stimuli yielded slower reaction times. No difference in multisensory gain was found between the SRT and CRT tasks for unilateral stimulations. Overall, the results suggest that when spatial information is task-irrelevant, multisensory integration of unilateral and bilateral stimuli is equivalent. However, manipulating task requirements can alter this effect. In the second study, we investigated if the behavioral enhancements resulting from within-modal and cross-modal integration depend on the spatial congruency of the redundant stimuli. Results show that the redundancy gains (RG) obtained from the cross-modal conditions were far greater than those obtained from combinations of two visual or two tactile targets. Moreover, we found that the spatial alignment of the targets did not influence the RG obtained in cross-modal conditions, whereas within-modal stimuli produced a greater RG when the targets where delivered in separate hemispaces. These results suggest that within-modal and cross-modal integration are not only distinguishable by the amount of facilitation they produce, but also by the spatial configuration under which this facilitation occurs. The third study examines the role of the corpus callosum (CC) in mediating the RG observed for unilateral and bilateral cross-modal integration. Using a simple detection task, we tested four congenitally acallosal and one callosotomized individuals. No significant difference between congenitally acallosal individuals and controls were found for unilateral within-modal conditions or for multisensory conditions. Overall, these results demonstrate that the CC in not required to integrate cross-modal information across hemispheres and that intrahemispheric processing is preserved in acallosal individuals. Based on previous studies demonstrating the role of the superior colliculus in multisensory integration, our results suggest that in the absence of the CC, the behavioral benefit resulting from subcortical processing by the superior colliculus does not reflect the neurophysiological constraints of multisensory integration.

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49

Hasnedlová, Jaroslava. "Interakce stlačitelného proudění a struktur". Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-309475.

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Title: Fluid-structure interaction of compressible flow Author: RNDr. Jaroslava Hasnedlová Department: Department of Numerical Mathematics, Institute of Applied Mathematics Supervisors: Prof. RNDr. Miloslav Feistauer, DrSc., Dr. h. c., Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Rolf Rannacher Supervisors' e-mail addresses: feist@karlin.mff.cuni.cz, rannacher@iwr.uni-heidelberg.de Abstract: The presented work is split into two parts. The first part is devoted to the theory of the discontinuous Galerkin finite element (DGFE) method for the space-time discretization of a nonstationary convection-diffusion initial-boundary value problem with nonlinear convection and linear diffusion. The DGFE method is applied sep- arately in space and time using, in general, different space grids on different time levels and different polynomial degrees p and q in space and time discretization. The main result is the proof of error estimates in L2 (L2 )-norm and in DG-norm formed by the L2 (H1 )-seminorm and penalty terms. The second part of the thesis deals with the realization of fluid-structure interaction problem of the compressible viscous flow with the elastic structure. The time-dependence of the domain occupied by the fluid is treated by the ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian) method, when the compress- ible Navier-Stokes equations are formulated in...

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50

Minto, Cóilín. "Ecological Inference from Variable Recruitment Data". 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13881.

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To understand the processes affecting the abundance of wild populations is a fundamental goal of ecology and a prerequisite for the management of living resources. Variable abundance, however, makes the investigation of ecological processes challenging. Recruitment, the process whereby new individuals enter a given stage of a ?sh population, is a highly variable entity. I have confronted this issue by developing methodologies speci?cally designed to account for, and ecologically interpret, patterns of variability in recruitment. To provide the necessary context, Chapter 2 begins with a review of the history of recruitment science. I focus on the major achievements as well as present limitations, particularly regarding environmental drivers. Approaches that include explicit environmental information are contrasted with time-varying parameter techniques. In Chapter 3, I ask what patterns of variability in pre-recruit survival can tell us about the strength of density-dependent mortality. I provide methods to investigate the presence of density-dependent mortality where this has previously been hindered by highly variable data. Stochastic density-independent variability is found to be attenuated via density dependence. Sources of recruitment variability are further partitioned in Chapter 4. Using time-varying parameter techniques, signi?cant temporal variation in the annual reproductive rate is found to have occurred in many Atlantic cod populations. Multivariate state space models suggest that populations in close proximity typically have a shared response to environmental change whereas marked differences occur across latitude. Hypotheses that could result in consistent changes in productivity of cod populations are tested in Chapter 5. I focus on a meta-analytical investigation of potential interactions between Atlantic cod and small pelagic species, testing aspects of the cultivation-depensation hypothesis. The ?ndings suggest that predation or competition by herring and mackerel on egg and larval cod could delay recovery of depleted cod populations. Chapter 6 concludes with a critical re?ection on: the suitability of the theories employed, the underlying assumptions of the empirical approaches, and the quality of the data used in my thesis. Application of ecological insights to ?sheries management is critically evaluated. I then propose future work on recruitment processes based on methods presented herein.

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