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Çetiner, Nurcan, Ayşe Atar Yilmaz, Ece Konaklioğlu e Melahat Öneren. "Find the hidden crab; research on destructive behaviors at the managerial levels of the accommodation business". Tourism and hospitality management 29, n.º 4 (2023): 531–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.29.4.5.
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Purpose - The human-oriented service approach, which is one of the structural features of the tourism sector, causes destructive behaviors of employees to have more negative effects on work efficiency and effectiveness, so it is of great importance to identify and prevent these behaviors. The main objective of this study is to determine the expression of Crab Barrel Syndrome (CBS) among lower, middle and upper managers of employees in the tourism sector. For this purpose, a scale was developed to measure the behaviors of employees with CBS who tend to engage in unethical behaviors in tourism. In addition to our main objective, the differences in the demographic characteristics of CBS employees will also be identified. Design/Methodology - Data were collected using a random sample. A questionnaire was sent to 310 tourism employees. Findings - Analysis of the data revealed that the CBS level (CBSL) of the participants was low, with the CBSL of lower management being the highest and the CBSL of individual employees being the highest. CBSL differed significantly by employee hierarchical levels. In addition, CBSL was not found to differ significantly by gender, educational status, or institution, but CBSL decreased with increasing employee age and hours worked in the sector. Originality of the research - his study provides a solid foundation for a better understanding of CBS and the relationships between workers. It is crucial to identify the negative employee behaviors in advance and take necessary precautions, especially in service sectors such as tourism where employee behaviors have a great impact on service quality./
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Chen, Kuan-Yu, e Yu-Lun Hsu. "DEVELOPING A MODEL OF BACKPACKERS’ EXPLORATORY CURIOSITY". Tourism and hospitality management 27, n.º 1 (2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.1.1.
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Purpose – While curiosity is a critical factor in motivating human exploratory behaviors across domains, past studies are yet to explore the exploratory curiosity construct in the context of backpacking. This study aims to conceptualize backpackers’ exploratory curiosity and, importantly, developing a scale for the construct. Design/Methodology – A survey questionnaire is first designed on the basis of a literature review and in-depth interviews. Then, two surveys are conducted using sample sizes of 228 and 276. The scale, along with its four factors (i.e., excitement, new destinations, social contact, and new tourism events) and 18 items, was determined as reliable and valid by the implementation of a rigorous instrument development process. Approach – This study identifies the characteristics of backpacker exploratory curiosity, and then generates fundamental constructs with detailed descriptions and explanations for a questionnaire. Subsequently, to understand the characteristics of such curiosity and how they can be applied to explain backpacker behaviors. Findings – This study extended the application of the curiosity concept to the tourism industry, and offered a new perspective, namely, exploratory behaviour individuals display in response to novelty, excitement, and changes in their environment can be used as variables to measure their curiosity level, and then the BECS can be utilized by tourism management organizations to help increase the number of potential clients. Originality of the research – The study contributed to a theoretical enhancement of the current level of knowledge on the existing literature on backpackers’ exploratory behavior and developed a reliable and valid scale for measuring backpacker exploratory curiosity.
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Vo, Nga Thi, e Miloslava Chovancová. "Customer satisfaction & engagement behaviors towards the room rate strategy of luxury hotels". Tourism and hospitality management 25, n.º 2 (12 de dezembro de 2019): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.25.2.7.
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Yeh, Chien Mu. "The relationship between tourism involvement, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behaviors in the hotel industry". Tourism and hospitality management 25, n.º 1 (2019): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.25.1.10.
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Turksoy, Selcen Seda, Mehmet Alper Nisari e Yilmaz Akgunduz. "THE EFFECT OF PROACTIVE PERSONALITY ON CUSTOMER-ORIENTED BEHAVIORS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY". Tourism and hospitality management 28, n.º 3 (2022): 541–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.28.3.4.
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Purpose - The study explores creativity as a mediator in the impact of proactive personality on customer orientation in light of Allport’s trait theory, 1961. Methodology/Design - The study was conducted in four- and five-star hotels in a destination resort, Cesme, Izmir. The data was obtained via a questionnaire. 194 valid questionnaires were subjected to reliability and validity test. The hypothesized relationships were tested by regression. Findings - The results show that although proactive personality increases hotel employees’ creativity, proactive personality decreases their customer-oriented behavior. In addition, the results show that employee creativity has a partial mediating effect on the relationships between proactive personality and customer orientation. Originality of the research - The results can contribute to the literature on customer orientation in the hospitality industry and assist hoteliers in hiring the right employee. They offer practical implications to encourage the proactive and creative tendencies of their current employees.
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Mlozi, Shogo, Ossi Pesämaa e Antti Haahti. "Testing a model of destination attachment - insights from tourism in Tanzania". Tourism and hospitality management 19, n.º 2 (10 de dezembro de 2013): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.19.2.2.
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Purpose – Transforming experiences is in this paper approached as a destination choice process for adventure tourists. This study seeks to explain conditions that support place identity and place dependence development in Tanzania. The study proposes a testable destination choice model of international visitors to Tanzania. Design/Methodology/Approach – The proposed order of the model is that perceived constraints and satisfaction depend on expectation and travel motivation and that these two may further predict place identity and place dependence. These measures capture our research questions. Visiting tourists to Tanzania were confronted at airport. During August and September of 2010, 700 filled questionnaires were gathered and 504 was usable for further analysis. Final questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS and SEM (AMOS). Main results – The findings support that tourism policymakers and other stakeholders may consider tourists’ behaviors, such as expectations, motivations, perceived constraints and satisfaction with place identity, to be related to destination attachment. Originality of the research – The paper strengthens several theoretical arguments. First, indicating the amalgamation of different tourists’ behaviors formed in a path-dependent order. One stage is planning the travel, another is during their stay and finally when building their attachment. Furthermore, attachment relate to future choices.
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Choi, Hyunsuk, Erick Kong e Saehya Ann. "Young College Students’ Perception of DINESERV: A Study of On-Campus Dining in the USA". Tourism and hospitality management 27, n.º 3 (2021): 529–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.3.4.
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Purpose – The purpose of this research is to better understand why college students in the USA eat on-campus. Also, this research aims to compare highly satisfied and low satisfied groups in terms of their on-campus dining experiences and behaviors and to understand what values college students are currently satisfied with and what they expect from their on-campus dining. Design – A survey design was implemented in this study. The sample for this research study is any college students who have eaten at on-campus dining facilities within the last 3 months. Methodology – Cluster analysis, correlation, and t-test were utilized for data analysis. The twostep clusters method was used to cluster groups based on the mean values of DINESERV. Approach – The validity of DINESERV for on-campus dining settings was examined, as well as examining the behavior and perception of Generation Y and Z on on-campus dining. Findings – In both clusters, Assurance was the factor with the highest correlation coefficient value, while Tangible ranked last among the five DINESERV factors. The other dimensions of DINESERV were also very important to the young college students, as indicated by the high correlation coefficients. Originality of the research – This research examines the validity of DINESERV in on-campus dining settings in the United States. The uniqueness of this study lies in the sample: young college students, Generation Y and Z.
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Yuan, Yilong, Tianfu Xu, Fabrizio Gherardi e Hongwu Lei. "Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupled Modeling of In-Situ Behavior of the Full-Scale Heating Test in the Callovo-Oxfordian Claystone". Energies 15, n.º 11 (2 de junho de 2022): 4089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15114089.
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Within the context for deep geological disposal (DGD) of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled numerical modeling has become significantly important for studying the safe disposal of HLW. In this work, a 3D mechanical module is incorporated into the thermal–hydraulic (TH) coupled code TOUGH2, thus forming an integrated THM coupled simulator referred to as TOUGH2Biot. The Galerkin finite element method is used to discretize the space for rock mechanical calculation. The mechanical process is sequentially coupled with the fluid and heat flow processes, which further gives feedback to the flow through stress-dependent hydraulic properties (e.g., porosity and permeability). Based on the available geological data at the Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory (MHM URL) in France, the improved simulator is used to analyze the coupled THM behaviors of the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone (COx) induced by thermal loading. The anisotropy of material parameters (e.g., permeability and thermal conductivity) caused by the bedding and of in-situ stresses are well considered in our model. The numerical simulation can reasonably reproduce the field observations, including changes in temperature and pore pressure at monitoring boreholes during the ALC1604 experiment. The modeling results indicate that the anisotropic effects are remarkable, and temperature, pore pressure, and effective stress along the bedding increase more rapidly than in the vertical direction. Insight into numerical results through the visual model is beneficial for helping us to interpret the field observations and to understand the complex THM problem in the COx claystone formation. The numerical method and the modeling results presented in this work can be effectively used in support of performance assessment studies of HLW disposal sites to build confidence in the safety of future applications of nuclear energy systems.
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Xiao, Yong, Jianchun Guo, Hehua Wang, Lize Lu, John McLennan e Mengting Chen. "Coupled THM and Matrix Stability Modeling of Hydroshearing Stimulation in a Coupled Fracture-Matrix Hot Volcanic System". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (3 de julho de 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3015015.
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A coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) model is developed to simulate the combined effect of fracture fluid flow, heat transfer from the matrix to injected fluid, and shearing dilation behaviors in a coupled fracture-matrix hot volcanic reservoir system. Fluid flows in the fracture are calculated based on the cubic law. Heat transfer within the fracture involved is thermal conduction, thermal advection, and thermal dispersion; within the reservoir matrix, thermal conduction is the only mode of heat transfer. In view of the expansion of the fracture network, deformation and thermal-induced stress model are added to the matrix node’s in situ stress environment in each time step to analyze the stability of the matrix. A series of results from the coupled THM model, induced stress, and matrix stability indicate that thermal-induced aperture plays a dominant role near the injection well to enhance the conductivity of the fracture. Away from the injection well, the conductivity of the fracture is contributed by shear dilation. The induced stress has the maximum value at the injection point; the deformation-induced stress has large value with smaller affected range; on the contrary, thermal-induced stress has small value with larger affected range. Matrix stability simulation results indicate that the stability of the matrix nodes may be destroyed; this mechanism is helpful to create complex fracture networks.
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Luo, Zhifeng, Long Cheng, Liqiang Zhao e Yaozeng Xie. "Numerical simulation and analysis of thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviors of hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured formation using a THM-XFEM coupling model". Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 103 (julho de 2022): 104657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104657.
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Li, Mengyi, Zhijun Wu, Lei Weng, Fengshou Zhang, Yuan Zhou e You Wu. "Cross-scale analysis for the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) effects on the mechanical behaviors of fractured rock: Integrating mesostructure-based DEM modeling and machine learning". Engineering Fracture Mechanics 306 (agosto de 2024): 110204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2024.110204.
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Li, Sanbai, Dongxiao Zhang e Xiang Li. "A New Approach to the Modeling of Hydraulic-Fracturing Treatments in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs". SPE Journal 22, n.º 04 (6 de março de 2017): 1064–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/181828-pa.
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Summary A fully coupled thermal/hydromechanical (THM) model for hydraulic-fracturing treatments is developed in this study. In this model, the mixed finite-volume/finite-element method is used to solve the coupled system, in which the multipoint flux approximation L-method is used to calculate interelement fluid and heat flux. The Gu et al. (2011) crossing criterion is extended to a 3D scenario to delineate the crossing behaviors as hydraulic fractures meet inclined natural fractures. Moreover, the modified Barton et al. (1985) model proposed by Asadollahi et al. (2010) is used to estimate the fracture aperture and model the shear-dilation effect. After being (partially) verified by means of comparison with results from the literature, the developed model is used to investigate complex-fracture-network propagation in naturally fractured reservoirs. Numerical experiments show that the key factors controlling the complexity of the induced-fracture networks include stress anisotropy, injection rate, natural-fracture distribution (fracture-dip angle, strike angle, spacing, density, and length), fracture-filling properties (the degree of cementation and permeability), fracture-surface properties (cohesion and friction angle), and tensile strength of intact rock. It is found that the smaller the stress anisotropy and/or the lower the injection rate, the more complex the fracture network; a high rock tensile strength could increase the possibility of the occurrence of shear fractures; and under conditions of large permeability of fracture filling combined with small cohesive strength and friction coefficient, shear slip could become the dominant mechanism for generating complex-fracture networks. The model developed and the results presented can be used to understand the propagation of complex-fracture networks and aid in the design and optimization of hydraulic-fracturing treatments.
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Lautenti, Carolina, e Carlos Eduardo Lopes. "Uma Explicação Não-Causal do Comportamento no Behaviorismo Radical". ACTA COMPORTAMENTALIA 16, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2008): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/ac.v16i3.18120.
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Este ensaio tem como objetivo examinar a possibilidade de uma explicação não-causal do comportamento na perspectiva behaviorista radical. Em primeiro lugar, os componentes essenciais do pensamento causal são descritos, a saber, condicionalidade; unicidade; conexão necessária; dependência unilateral; e conexão genética. Argumenta-se que, com exceção da condicionalidade, o Behaviorismo Radical rejeita os demais aspectos. Com isso, torna-se plausível a defesa de uma interpretação não-causal do modelo explicativo do comportamento no Behaviorismo Radical. Em segundo lugar, apresenta-se uma proposta de explicação não-causal do comportamento, baseada nas relações de interdependência funcional entre eventos, estados e processos. A partir dessa proposta, explicar deixa de ser sinônimo de busca pelas causas do comportamento, para se identificar com a descrição do funcionamento do fluxo comportamental. Conclui-se que eventuais ambigüidades encontradas no texto skinneriano com respeito à explicação do comportamento podem ser superadas: 1) abandonando-se a lógica e o vocabulário da causalidade, e 2) adotando-se uma explicação dinâmica do comportamento.
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Thomas Craig, Kelly J., Laura C. Morgan, Ching-Hua Chen, Susan Michie, Nicole Fusco, Jane L. Snowdon, Elisabeth Scheufele, Thomas Gagliardi e Stewart Sill. "Systematic review of context-aware digital behavior change interventions to improve health". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 5 (21 de outubro de 2020): 1037–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibaa099.
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Abstract Health risk behaviors are leading contributors to morbidity, premature mortality associated with chronic diseases, and escalating health costs. However, traditional interventions to change health behaviors often have modest effects, and limited applicability and scale. To better support health improvement goals across the care continuum, new approaches incorporating various smart technologies are being utilized to create more individualized digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs). The purpose of this study is to identify context-aware DBCIs that provide individualized interventions to improve health. A systematic review of published literature (2013–2020) was conducted from multiple databases and manual searches. All included DBCIs were context-aware, automated digital health technologies, whereby user input, activity, or location influenced the intervention. Included studies addressed explicit health behaviors and reported data of behavior change outcomes. Data extracted from studies included study design, type of intervention, including its functions and technologies used, behavior change techniques, and target health behavior and outcomes data. Thirty-three articles were included, comprising mobile health (mHealth) applications, Internet of Things wearables/sensors, and internet-based web applications. The most frequently adopted behavior change techniques were in the groupings of feedback and monitoring, shaping knowledge, associations, and goals and planning. Technologies used to apply these in a context-aware, automated fashion included analytic and artificial intelligence (e.g., machine learning and symbolic reasoning) methods requiring various degrees of access to data. Studies demonstrated improvements in physical activity, dietary behaviors, medication adherence, and sun protection practices. Context-aware DBCIs effectively supported behavior change to improve users’ health behaviors.
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S, Pradeep Roy K., Arun Karthik V. M e Dr Muthukumar K. "Minimizing Employee Injury by Changing the Behavior Through Behaviour Based Safety". International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-6 (31 de outubro de 2018): 1533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18893.
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Park, Hae-Mi, e Sung-Hyup Hyun. "The Impact of Tour Guides’ Rapport-building Behavior on Tourists’ Positive Emotions and Subsequent Behaviors". Journal of Tourism Sciences 42, n.º 5 (1 de maio de 2018): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17086/jts.2018.42.5.171.191.
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Burgermaster, Marissa, Isobel Contento, Pamela Koch e Lena Mamykina. "Behavior change is not one size fits all: psychosocial phenotypes of childhood obesity prevention intervention participants". Translational Behavioral Medicine 8, n.º 5 (17 de janeiro de 2018): 799–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibx029.
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Abstract Variability in individuals’ responses to interventions may contribute to small average treatment effects of childhood obesity prevention interventions. But, neither the causes of this individual variability nor the mechanism by which it influences behavior are clear. We used qualitative methods to characterize variability in students’ responses to participating in a childhood obesity prevention intervention and psychosocial characteristics related to the behavior change process. We interviewed 18 students participating in a school-based curriculum and policy behavior change intervention. Descriptive coding, summary, and case-ordered descriptive meta-matrices were used to group participants by their psychosocial responses to the intervention and associated behavior changes. Four psychosocial phenotypes of responses emerged: (a) Activated—successful behavior-changers with strong internal supports; (b) Inspired—motivated, but not fully successful behavior-changers with some internal supports, whose taste preferences and food environment overwhelmed their motivation; (c) Reinforced—already practiced target behaviors, were motivated, and had strong family support; and (d) Indifferent—uninterested in behavior change and only did target behaviors if family insisted. Our findings contribute to the field of behavioral medicine by suggesting the presence of specific subgroups of participants who respond differently to behavior change interventions and salient psychosocial characteristics that differentiate among these phenotypes. Future research should examine the utility of prospectively identifying psychosocial phenotypes for improving the tailoring of nutrition behavior change interventions.
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Zhang, Xinyong, Zhenzhen Sun, Zhaoxiang Niu, Yijing Sun e Dawei Wang. "The Effect of Abusive Supervision on Safety Behaviour: A Moderated Mediation Model". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 22 (18 de novembro de 2021): 12124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212124.
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Leadership behavior has an impact on the behavior of employees. Previous studies have mainly studied the impact of positive leadership behaviors on employees’ behaviors, but there is an absence of research on the impact of negative leadership behaviours (abusive supervision) on safety behaviours (including safety participation and safety compliance). In this study, 599 front-line employees in the petrochemical industry were selected as subjects. Abusive supervision, safety behaviour, safety motivation and a conscientiousness questionnaire were used as measurements to explore the relationship between abusive supervision and employee safety behaviors, and to further explore the roles of safety motivation, conscientiousness and the relationship between them. This study found that abusive supervision is negatively related to employee safety behaviours (safety compliance and safety participation); that safety motivation plays a mediating role in the relationship between abusive supervision and employees’ safety behavior; and that conscientiousness moderates the role of safety motivation between the relationship of abusive supervision and employees’ safety behaviour. With a higher level of conscientiousness, the indirect relationship between abusive supervision and employee safety behaviours is weaker. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical significance of these findings for abusive supervision and the management of safety behaviours.
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Keller, Chandra, Rebecca A. Ferrer, Rosalind B. King e Elaine Collier. "Future directions of the National Institutes of Health Science of Behavior Change Program". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 9 (10 de abril de 2021): 1795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab029.
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Abstract Background The National Institutes of Health Science of Behavior Change Common Fund Program has accelerated the investigation of mechanisms of behavior change applicable to multiple health behaviors and outcomes and facilitated the use of the experimental medicine approach to behavior change research. Purpose This commentary provides a brief background of the program, plans for its next phase, and thoughts about how the experimental medicine approach to behavior change research can inform future directions in two areas of science—reproductive health and COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Conclusions The incorporation of a mechanisms-based approach into behavior intervention research offers new opportunities for improving health.
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Yang, Yong. "A narrative review of the use of agent-based modeling in health behavior and behavior intervention". Translational Behavioral Medicine 9, n.º 6 (11 de janeiro de 2019): 1065–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/iby132.
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West, Ashley B., Kelsey M. Bittel, Michael A. Russell, M. Blair Evans, Scherezade K. Mama e David E. Conroy. "A systematic review of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and substance use in adolescents and emerging adults". Translational Behavioral Medicine 10, n.º 5 (outubro de 2020): 1155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibaa008.
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Abstract The transition from adolescence into emerging adulthood is marked by changes in both physical activity and substance use. This systematic review characterized associations between movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior) and frequently used substances (alcohol, cannabis) among adolescents and emerging adults to inform lifestyle interventions that target multiple behavior change outcomes. This systematic review was guided by PRISMA. Electronic databases of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched from inception through June 25, 2019. The search was designed to identify empirical studies reporting an association between physical activity or sedentary behavior and alcohol or cannabis, with search criteria determining eligibility based on several sampling characteristics (e.g., participants under 25 years of age). After identifying and screening 5,610 studies, data were extracted from 97 studies. Physical activity was positively associated with alcohol use among emerging adults, but the literature was mixed among adolescents. Sedentary behavior was positively associated with alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents, but evidence was limited among emerging adults. Self-report measures were used in all but one study to assess these behaviors. Physical activity is linked to greater alcohol use among emerging adults. Whereas existing studies demonstrate that sedentary behavior might serve as a risk marker for alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents, additional primary research is needed to explore these associations in emerging adults. Future work should also use device-based measures to account for timing of and contextual features surrounding activity and substance use in these populations.
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Tore, Elena C., Evangelia E. Antoniou, Keith Reed, Taunton R. Southwood, Luc Smits, Joseph P. McCleery e Maurice P. Zeegers. "The Association of Intrapair Birth-Weight Differences With Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems". Twin Research and Human Genetics 21, n.º 3 (12 de abril de 2018): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2018.13.
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Problem behaviors are of increasing public health concern. Twin studies have revealed substantial genetic and environmental influences on children's behavior, and examining birth-weight difference could allow the identification of the specific contribution of multiple non-shared prenatal environmental factors. The Twins and Multiple Births Association Heritability Study, a UK, volunteer-based study, recruited mothers of twins aged 18 months to 5 years; 960 twins (480 pairs) were included in the analysis. Twins’ mothers answered questions relative to their pregnancy and their twins’ characteristics, and completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) 1½–5. The association between the absolute birth-weight difference and each CBCL scale's score difference was analyzed by means of multiple linear regressions. Expected mean CBCL score differences were calculated. In monozygotic (MZ) twins, statistically and clinically significant associations were found between intrapair birth-weight difference and difference in total problems, internalizing problems, and emotional reactiveness. No significant results were observed neither in dizygotic (DZ) twins when analyzed as a separate group nor in MZ and DZ twins combined. The results of the present study suggest that with increasing the absolute birth-weight difference, the intrapair difference in total problems, internalizing behaviors and emotionality increases, with smaller twins being at major risk for later behavior problems. Moreover, these results suggest a causal association between birth weight and behavior development.
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Zilio, Diego, e Kester Carrara. "Mentalismo e explicação do comportamento: aspectos da crítica behaviorista radical à ciência cognitiva". ACTA COMPORTAMENTALIA 16, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2008): 399–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/ac.v16i3.18121.
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O propósito deste artigo é avaliar a relevância das críticas behavioristas radicais ao mentalismo no âmbito da ciência cognitiva. Primeiramente, apresentam-se essas críticas para, em seguida, relacioná-las com a concepção behaviorista radical de causalidade. Enfatiza-se, principalmente, por que o behaviorismo radical é imune aos possíveis problemas do mentalismo e, também, por que o mentalismo pode resultar nesses problemas. O passo seguinte inicia-se com a constatação de que a ciência cognitiva é mentalista porque é a ciência dos eventos internos, mas que ser mentalista não implicaria necessariamente aceitar de forma não crítica os problemas apontados por Skinner, fato que é evidenciado pela apresentação do desenvolvimento histórico da ciência cognitiva. A conclusão a que se chega é que cada crítica behaviorista radical tornou-se, no âmbito da ciência cognitiva, um obstáculo; o que significa que também para a ciência cognitiva os problemas do mentalismo são vistos como problemas. Duas conseqüências decorrem desse fato. A primeira é a impossibilidade de criticar a ciência cognitiva apenas por causa de seu caráter mentalista. A segunda é que, ao tratar desses problemas, a ciência cognitiva, no seu desdobramento relacionado à cognição incorporada e situada, acabou por defender posição semelhante à sustentada pelo behaviorismo radical.
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Alos, Francisco J., Ma del Mar Lora e Juan A. Moriana. "Transfer in the learning of verbal behavior. A single-case design for a teenager with autistic behaviors". ACTA COMPORTAMENTALIA 16, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2008): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/ac.v16i2.18114.
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Se describe un experimento efectuado con un joven varón con comportamiento autista de 14 años de edad. Se analizan dos tipos de conducta verbal. El primer tipo describe una contingencia de tres términos o discriminación simple que incluye las palabras “Cerca” o “Lejos” como respuesta verbal del sujeto. El segundo tipo describe una discriminación condicional que incluye estas palabras como estímulos emitidos por el experimentador antes de la realización de la respuesta de selección del chico. El experimento consistió en la enseñanza explícita de la discriminación simple y se estudió la transferencia de lo aprendido a la discriminación condicional. Los resultados pusieron de manifiesto la aparición del aprendizaje sin entrenamiento explícito.
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MacPherson, Megan M., Kaela D. Cranston, Sean R. Locke, Jessica E. Bourne e Mary E. Jung. "Using the behavior change wheel to develop text messages to promote diet and physical activity adherence following a diabetes prevention program". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 8 (19 de maio de 2021): 1585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab058.
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Lay Summary Making changes to one’s physical activity and diet can reduce future risk of developing type 2 diabetes. That being said, making life-long changes to complex behaviors such as diet or physical activity is easier said than done. Text messages can be used to improve long-term diet and physical activity changes; however, it can be difficult to identify what should be said in a text message to nudge those behaviors. To improve utility and reduce cost of sending unnecessary messages, theory should be used in developing text messaging content. The current study used the Behavior Change Wheel to develop a library of text messages that can be used to improve diet and physical activity in individuals who have taken part in an effective community-based diabetes prevention program. The Behavior Change Wheel guides researchers to develop real-world interventions based on evidence and theory. Overall, we created a library of 124 theory-based messages which can be further tested following a diabetes prevention program.
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Falih Bannay, Dheyaa, Mohammed Jabbar Hadi e Ahmed Abdullah Amanah. "The impact of inclusive leadership behaviors on innovative workplace behavior with an emphasis on the mediating role of work engagement". Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, n.º 3 (12 de outubro de 2020): 479–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.39.
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Work creativity manifested in innovative workplace behavior (IWB) and employee work engagement is fundamental to maintaining firm’s sustainability and competitiveness. In this regard, this study investigates the supporting effect of innovative leadership on IWB and employee engagement by maximizing employee vigor, dedication, and absorption. The study data were collected using a questionnaire-based technique, and the questionnaires were administered to 150 respondents working in mobile phone companies in Southern and Central Iraq. The results were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and SmartPLS software. The study results revealed that inclusive leadership and work engagement were significantly related to IWB, and work engagement played a mediating role between inclusive leadership and IWB. The findings further indicated that inclusive leadership behaviors such as openness, accessibility, and availability motivated the subordinates to be engaged in IWB. To promote IWB, company leaders need to effectively engage their followers by taking pride and satisfaction in employee output, which might help employee work engagement and IWB.
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Jaikumar, Saravana, e Avina Mendonca. "Groups and teams: a review of bad apple behavior". Team Performance Management: An International Journal 23, n.º 5/6 (15 de agosto de 2017): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-07-2016-0034.
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Purpose The purpose of this conceptual paper is to broaden the understanding of the three negative member (bad apple) behaviors – withholding of effort, interpersonal deviance and negative affect – put forth by Felps et al. (2006). Design/methodology/approach An integrative review of extant literature was conducted to understand the impact of the negative member behaviors on other team members. Potential interventions to control this bad apple behavior are identified with supporting evidence from recent empirical studies. Findings A review of empirical findings in the literature indicate that perceived coworker loafing may lead to counterproductive work behavior toward coworkers and interpersonal deviance may affect the task cohesion of the group. However, the presence of affectively negative individuals is empirically proven to improve the group performance, especially when the group task is related to creativity or information processing (decision-making and idea generation). Originality/value Despite the empirical attention paid to “bad apple” behaviors, the implications for managing negative member behaviors are unclear and scattered. In this paper, building on the framework proposed by Felps et al. (2006), the authors focus on three behaviors and provide a concise review of literature and interventions to control or exploit these behaviors.
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DiLalla, Lisabeth F., e David L. DiLalla. "Gene–Environment Correlations Affecting Children's Early Rule-Breaking and Aggressive Play Behaviors". Twin Research and Human Genetics 21, n.º 4 (20 de julho de 2018): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2018.30.
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Play among peers is an important developmental context for child socialization. We have earlier shown that children at genetic risk for aggression were more likely to be treated aggressively by unfamiliar peers during peer play, reflecting genotype-evoked behaviors manifested during play. In this study, 118 5-year-old twin pairs were paired randomly with an unfamiliar, same-age, same-sex child, thus controlling for parent- and child-chosen environments (passive and active rGE). Twins played separately from each other with unmatched children. Play behaviors were coded for aggressive and assertive behaviors. Children were also independently rated by parents for rule-breaking problem behaviors at age 5, and 97 children were rated again on these behaviors 2–10 years later. Analyses showed that children at genetic risk for early rule-breaking were more likely to have partners who behaved more aggressively, suggesting that this was evoked behavior during play. Some evidence of an ‘early bloomer’ phenomenon emerged via early difficult temperament and parent-rated delinquency significantly predicting later delinquency. Children's play, which is one of the most important influences on early development, requires further study from an rGE perspective.
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DiLalla, Lisabeth Fisher, Sufna Gheyara e Kyle Bersted. "The Southern Illinois Twins and Siblings Study (SITSS): Description and Update". Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, n.º 1 (9 de outubro de 2012): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.69.
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This update on the Southern Illinois Twins and Siblings Study (SITSS) documents some of the follow-up studies that have been conducted and results that have been obtained from this sample. At the current time, 283 twin pairs, 8 triplet families, 98 non-twin sibling pairs, and 287 singletons have been enrolled in SITSS. Twins and triplets are tested as young as 1 year of age and then every year on their birthday through age 5 years. A variety of follow-up studies have been conducted for SITSS children through age 20. Results thus far have demonstrated significant genetic influences on social behaviors such as aggression, victimization, and attention toward facial expressions. Interesting interactions have been documented between the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) and the social environment (parental sensitivity or peer aggression) as they predict children's aggressive behaviors. In addition, increased difficulty with social interactions has been noted for twins versus singletons. Thus, this multi-trait, multi-method behavior genetic data set contributes to our understanding of the etiology of social behaviors in preschoolers and to predictors of similar behaviors through adolescence.
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Giti, Afsaneh, Davood Shojaeizade, Gholamreza Heydari, Soheila Khodakarim Ardakani, Ali Ramezankhani e Hamid Tavakoli Ghouchani. "The Effect of Education Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on the Adoption of Smoking Prevention Behaviors in Female Students at Tonekabon Islamic Azad University in 2018". Tobacco and Health 2, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2023): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/thj.1061.
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Background: With the rising prevalence of smoking among university students, coupled with the efficacy of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in smoking prevention, the current study was conducted to assess the effect of education based on the said theory on adopting smoking preventive behaviors among female university students. Materials and Methods: This experimental interventional study, conducted in 2018, involved 114 female students of Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch (intervention and control groups, each with 57 students). The study data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the YRBSS 2013, Fishbein, and Ajzen international questionnaire, focusing on the TPB components (intent, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control). The data collection occurred in two stages: Before and one month after the intervention. The educational intervention was delivered in three sessions featuring lectures and group discussion methods. The collected data were analyzed by relevant tests using SPSS software, version 21. Results: Before the intervention, no significant relationships were observed between preventive behavior measures and the TPB components in the experimental and control groups (P <0.05). However, one month after the intervention, there was a statistically significant increase in the experimental group’s mean scores of all TPB components and preventive behaviors (P<0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the effectiveness of education based on the theory of planned behavior in reducing the intent to smoke among female students, using this intervention seems to be an appropriate preventive strategy.
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Edmondson, Donald, David Conroy, Rainer Romero-Canyas, Molly Tanenbaum e Susan Czajkowski. "Climate change, behavior change and health: a multidisciplinary, translational and multilevel perspective". Translational Behavioral Medicine 12, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 2022): 503–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibac030.
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Abstract The climate crisis provides a critical new lens through which health and health behaviors need to be viewed. This paper has three goals. First, it provides background on the climate crisis, the role of human behavior in creating this crisis, and the health impacts of climate change. Second, it proposes a multilevel, translational approach to investigating health behavior change in the context of the climate crisis. Third, it identifies specific challenges and opportunities for increasing the rigor of behavioral medicine research in the context of the climate crisis. The paper closes with a call for behavioral medicine to be responsive to the climate crisis.
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DiLalla, Lisabeth Fisher, e Matthew R. Jamnik. "The Southern Illinois Twins/Triplets and Siblings Study (SITSS): A Longitudinal Study of Early Child Development". Twin Research and Human Genetics 22, n.º 6 (24 de julho de 2019): 779–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2019.48.
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AbstractThis article reviews the Southern Illinois Twins/Triplets and Siblings Study (SITSS) and describes some of the findings related to recent projects that were completed using this sample. At this time, the SITSS has enrolled 375 twin pairs, 12 triplet families, 1 family of quadruplets, 98 nontwin sibling pairs and 287 singletons. Testing begins for twins and triplets as young as age 1 and then occurs yearly on their birthdays until 5 years of age. Through age 20, various follow-up studies have been conducted on the SITSS sample to examine their social, emotional, and cognitive development across childhood and adolescence from a behavioral genetic perspective. A variety of methodologies have been used to investigate gene–environment correlations (rGE) and gene–environment interactions (GxE). Advanced statistical procedures (e.g., genetic likelihood indices and multilevel modeling) have been utilized to further investigate genetic underpinnings of behavior. Recent results have indicated genetic influences on the aggressiveness of preschoolers’ media preferences, increased problem behaviors related to young children’s overestimation of self-competence, and the influence of early life temperament and internalizing problems on adolescent health behaviors. Additionally, the SITSS has provided evidence for evocative rGE for various behaviors (aggression, prosocial and play), as well as findings supporting interactions between the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) and the environment (peer victimization, prenatal birth complications and parental sensitivity). Together, by use of multitrait and multimethodological investigations, this behavior genetic data set assists in furthering our understanding of biological and environmental influences on children’s development.
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Halbert, Chanita Hughes, e Caitlin G. Allen. "Basic behavioral science research priorities in minority health and health disparities". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 11 (1 de novembro de 2021): 2033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab143.
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Abstract Achieving health equity among disparity populations has been a national, regional, and local priority for several years. Health promotion and disease prevention behaviors play an important role in achieving health equity; the first generation of behavioral science studies in minority health and health disparities have provided important insights about the nature and distribution of risk exposure behaviors in disparity populations. Interventions have also been developed to enhance health promotion and disease prevention behaviors using behavioral counseling, tailored health communications, and interventions that are developed collaboratively with community stakeholders. Although intervention development and evaluation are components of transdisciplinary translational behavior research, discovery science is a critical first step in translational research. Consistent with this, conceptual models and frameworks of minority health and health disparities have evolved to include multilevel determinants that include basic behavioral mechanisms such as stress responses and stress reactivity that have physiological, psychological, and behavioral components that are relevant to minority health and health disparities. This report describes priorities, opportunities, and barriers to conducting transdisciplinary translational behavioral research during the next generation of minority health and health disparities research.
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DEKANIĆ, Antonio, e Marinela KRSTINIĆ NIŽIĆ. "RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON WASTE SORTING ON THE KVARNER ISLANDS". Tourism and hospitality management 29, n.º 1 (2023): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.29.1.5.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to empirically examine residents’ perceptions of waste sorting and to research whether residents’ behavior regarding waste sorting has an impact on the sustainable development of a tourist destination. Design – A questionnaire with four constructs was designed: attitudes towards waste sorting, perceived behavioral control, waste sorting behavior and sustainable development of a tourist destination. Data were collected from a sample of 579 residents of the Kvarner islands. Methodology – Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were used for statistical analysis. Hypotheses were tested using PLS-SEM. Approach – The research was conducted on the Kvarner islands (Krk, Cres, Lošinj and Rab) in August and September 2022. Findings – Attitudes of residents towards waste sorting positively influence the behavior of residents of the Kvarner islands towards waste sorting. PBC also positively influences the behavior related to waste sorting. Residents’ behavior regarding waste sorting positively influences sustainable development in Kvarner islands. Originality of the research – Research on waste sorting concerning the residents of Kvarner islands is scarce. Therefore, this paper provides a rare insight into the theoretical and practical implications that are useful for destination development planners and destination management.
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Handriana, Tanti, e Raya Ambara. "Responsible environmental behavior intention of travelers on ecotourism sites". Tourism and hospitality management 22, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2016): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.22.2.4.
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Sezgin, Emre, Lisa K. Militello, Yungui Huang e Simon Lin. "A scoping review of patient-facing, behavioral health interventions with voice assistant technology targeting self-management and healthy lifestyle behaviors". Translational Behavioral Medicine 10, n.º 3 (junho de 2020): 606–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz141.
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Abstract Engaging in positive healthy lifestyle behaviors continues to be a public health challenge, requiring innovative solutions. As the market for voice assistants (Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple Siri) grows and people increasingly use them to assist their daily tasks, there is a pressing need to explore how voice assistant (VA) technology may be used in behavioral health interventions. A scoping review of literature was conducted to address a PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) question: across populations, how does the use of voice assistants in behavioral health research/interventions influence healthy lifestyle behaviors versus control or comparison interventions? To inform the science, a secondary aim of this review was to explore characteristics of VAs used in behavioral health research. The review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines with scoping review extension (PRISMA-ScR). Ten studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, representing research published through February 2019. Studies spanned pediatric to elderly populations, covering a vast array of self-management and healthy lifestyle behaviors. The majority of interventions were multicomponent, involving more than one of the following behavior change techniques grouped by cluster: shaping knowledge, self-belief, repetition and substitution, feedback and monitoring, goals and planning, antecedents, natural consequences, comparison of behavior, and identification. However, most studies were in early stages of development, with limited efficacy trials. VA technology continues to evolve and support behavioral interventions using various platforms (e.g., Interactive Voice Response [IVR] systems, smartphones, and smart speakers) which are used alone or in conjunction with other platforms. Feasibility, usability, preliminary efficacy, along with high user satisfaction of research adapted VAs, in contrast to standalone commercially available VAs, suggest a role for VAs in behavioral health intervention research.
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Lim, Xin Ying, Ai Che Yap, Rathi Mahendran e Junhong Yu. "The interplay between anxiety, fear, protective behaviors, compassion, and resilience among older adults during a COVID-19 lockdown: a structural equation modeling study". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 5 (1 de abril de 2021): 1172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibaa143.
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Abstract The implementation of lockdown measures to curb the transmission of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has brought about significant psychological impacts and older adults have been identified as one of the vulnerable groups. In the current COVID-19 context among older adults in the community, the fear of COVID-19, anxiety symptoms, compassion, resilience, and the practice of protective behaviors are possibly related to each other in several ways. How these factors relate to each other would have important implications in managing the spread of the disease and its mental health consequences. To this end, we modeled their interrelationships using a structural equation model. Older adults (N = 421), aged 60 and above completed various questionnaires—COVID-19 Fear Inventory, Short form of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, COVID-19 Risky and Protective Behaviours, Resilience Appraisals Scale, and Compassion Scale during a COVID-19 lockdown. The relationships between these variables were assessed within a structural equation model. The findings showed that older adults who are more compassionate engage in protective behaviors more frequently. Additionally, frequent practice of protective behaviors and greater resilience predicted lower anxiety among older adults. Greater fear predicted higher anxiety levels but did not significantly influence an individual’s engagement in protective behaviors. Mental health services are crucial in fostering resilience and supporting older adults psychologically. Social services are also necessary in maintaining and enhancing social support for older adults. Importantly, these findings suggest that public health communications could promote compassion and avoid using a fear-based approach to increase engagement in protective behaviors.
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Xiang, Bilu, Hai Ming Wong e Colman P. J. McGrath. "The efficacy of peer-led oral health programs based on Social Cognitive Theory and Health Belief Model among Hong Kong adolescents: a cluster-randomized controlled trial". Translational Behavioral Medicine 12, n.º 3 (17 de novembro de 2021): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab142.
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Abstract Oral diseases are preventable through the building of good oral health behaviors. Theory-based behavior change was key to the efficacy of oral health promotion since conventional promotion strategies achieved only short-lived and limited improvements. The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of a peer-led oral health intervention based on the health belief model (HBM) and the social cognitive theory (SCT) on oral self-care behaviors among Hong Kong adolescents. One thousand one hundred and eighty-four adolescents in 12 schools participated and were randomly assigned to either intervention or control group, utilizing a cluster-randomized controlled trial design. Brushing/flossing frequency, HBM/SCT constructs, oral health knowledge, and dental anxiety were measured at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Changes in behaviors were assessed using mixed-effects model and the mediators of behavioral change were identified with parallel multiple mediation analysis. At 6 months, the intervention group showed a significant increase in the frequency of brushing and flossing compared with the control group. Self-efficacy was identified as mediator between treatment condition and behavioral changes of brushing and flossing. Combining theories of HBM and SCT is a promising avenue for efficacy in oral health behaviors. The effects were mediated through cognitive variables, which provided guidance for both theory and health intervention development.
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BUI, Trong Tien Bao. "EXAMINING A NEW MODEL OF DESTINATION CHOICE BEHAVIOR: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY FROM VIETNAM". Tourism and hospitality management 30, n.º 4 (2024): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.30.4.4.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to propose a new model, the M-TPB-D model, which combines the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the travel motivation theory, and the overall image of the destination. This model aims to provide a new perspective for understanding and predicting tourists’ visit intentions and leads to increasing destination choice behavior in the tourism destination context. Methodology/Design/Approach – To gain a comprehensive understanding of destination choice behaviour, a mixed methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods was used. Data was collected through a random sample survey of 630 domestic tourists travelling to Ho Chi Minh City. The final sample consisted of 459 usable questionnaires. Findings – The findings of the study confirm the causal relationship between the original TPB theory, pull-push motivation theory, overall image of the destination and destination choice behavior. This offers a novel insight into understanding destination choice behavior from the viewpoint of domestic tourists. Originality of the research – The study makes a significant contribution through the integration of multiple theories, resulting in a comprehensive understanding of the various factors that influence destination choice behavior. Furthermore, the study has implications for both theoretical implications and practical implications for destination marketing and management.
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李, 尚武. "以計畫行為理論探究高齡者接受圓夢服務之意向". 生命教育研究 14, n.º 1 (junho de 2022): 141–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207466012022061401006.
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李尚武, 李尚武, 楊國柱 楊國柱 e 王枝燦 Yang, Kuo-Chu. "以計畫行為理論探究高齡者接受圓夢服務之意向". 生命教育研究 14, n.º 1 (junho de 2022): 141–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207466012026061401006.
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Yavas, Ugur, Osman M. Karatepe e Emin Babakus. "Gender-choice behavior linkages: an investigation in the hospitality industry". Tourism and Hospitality Management 21, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2015): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.21.2.6.
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Bajpai, Akansha, e Cheng-Wen Lee. "Consumer behavior in e-tourism services: a case of Taiwan". Tourism and hospitality management 21, n.º 1 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.21.1.1.
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The purpose – The prompt and efficient changes in technology during the past few decades have affected tourism industry. With new emerging technologies (internet) the method of doing business has changed; which makes it a very important factor to understand the consumer behavior and perception in order to recognize, captivate, and retain the customers in the internet based travelling industry. This paper examines the determinants which influence the consumer behavior of the potential customers to use e-tourism services and to show their interrelationship in the perspective of Taiwan. Design/Methodology – Empirical research is been used to determine the findings of this research. A questionnaire was designed based on the past studies related to the variables of the study. The questionnaire consisted of four sections each consisting of four to five statements. The demographic section was also included. A total of 402 completed questionnaires were taken into consideration. Findings – The result of this study shows that determinants considered in this study; generation of stimulus, information search and service quality have a major impact over the loyalty of the consumer which determines the consumer behavior towards the e-tourism services for travel planning purposes. Originality of the research – This is the first kind of research done over consumer behavior of youth specifically in e-tourism industry in Taiwan’s perspective and secondly as the data is collected directly from Taiwan’s youth and is empirically evaluated so we believe its results will help the organizations for making the e-tourism industry more consumer oriented in case of Taiwan.
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Abulsaoud Ahmed Younis, Raghda, e Aida Said Moawad Elsaid. "Enhancing the In-Role Behaviour and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours in the Workplace: A Multidimensional View for the Role of Ethical Climate". International Journal of Business and Management 14, n.º 12 (8 de novembro de 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v14n12p1.
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Non-ethical behavior is considered as one of the main reasons of distress any organization could be exposed to. The existence of un-ethical climates, within an organization, may result in several negative behaviors towards this organization and its members. Although previous studies asserted the role of ethical climate in both organizational and individual levels, limited studies considered the role of ethical climate from the multidimensional view. This is besides examining its impact on both the in-role and volunteer behaviours. Moreover, the inconsistency of the previous research findings recall the need to address these relations in different industries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of ethical climate from a multi-dimensional view, i.e. testing the five dimensions of ethical climate ( Law and code, Rules, Instrumental, Independence and Caring) in predicting both the in-role behavior and organizational citizenship behaviors (organizational citizenship behaviors towards individuals and towards organizations). Based on the cross-sectional study, a survey data from faculty members were collected and analyzed using structure equation modeling. The findings suggested that ethical climate predicts both behaviors. It, also, revealed that the Independence and Rules dimensions are the most influencing climate dimensions in developing the in-role behavior whereas Caring, rules and Instrumental are positively related to the citizenship behaviors. This study is one of the limited studies that considered the role of ethical climate - from a multidimensional view- in predicting both organizational citizenship behaviors and in-role behavior. In addition, it is one of the earliest studies in the Arab region which tackles such a relationship.
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de Geus, Eco J. C., Meike Bartels, Jaakko Kaprio, J. Timothy Lightfoot e Martine Thomis. "Genetics of Regular Exercise and Sedentary Behaviors". Twin Research and Human Genetics 17, n.º 4 (18 de julho de 2014): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2014.42.
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Studies on the determinants of physical activity have traditionally focused on social factors and environmental barriers, but recent research has shown the additional importance of biological factors, including genetic variation. Here we review the major tenets of this research to arrive at three major conclusions: First, individual differences in physical activity traits are significantly influenced by genetic factors, but genetic contribution varies strongly over age, with heritability of leisure time exercise behavior ranging from 27% to 84% and heritability of sedentary behaviors ranging from 9% to 48%. Second, candidate gene approaches based on animal or human QTLs or on biological relevance (e.g., dopaminergic or cannabinoid activity in the brain, or exercise performance influencing muscle physiology) have not yet yielded the necessary evidence to specify the genetic mechanisms underlying the heritability of physical activity traits. Third, there is significant genetic modulation of the beneficial effects of daily physical activity patterns on strength and endurance improvements and on health-related parameters like body mass index. Further increases in our understanding of the genetic determinants of sedentary and exercise behaviors as well as the genetic modulation of their effects on fitness and health will be key to meaningful future intervention on these behaviors.
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Johnson, Adrienne L., Alison C. McLeish, Paula K. Shear, Michael Privitera e Christina M. Luberto. "Smokers with and without Epilepsy show Similar Smoking Rate, Dependence Level, Cessation Attempts, and Motives". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 4 (5 de fevereiro de 2021): 1023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibab002.
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Abstract Background Individuals with epilepsy are up to twice as likely to be current cigarette smokers compared to those without. Moreover, one study showed current smoking is associated with an increased likelihood of seizures. However, outside of this one study, there is limited data on the presentation of specific smoking-related behaviors and cognitions in people with epilepsy, inhibiting our understanding of the severity of this behavior and our ability to formulate effective treatments for this population. Purpose The current study examined smoking-related behaviors and cognitions among smokers with epilepsy compared to smokers without epilepsy. Methods Participants were 43 smokers with (Mage = 43.4, SD = 11.6) and 43 smokers without (Mage = 45.5, SD = 8.8) epilepsy recruited from an urban, academic setting within the U.S. Separate Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted to evaluate differences between smokers with and without epilepsy in terms of smoking behavior (i.e., daily smoking rate, nicotine dependence, number of quit attempts, smoking duration, age of smoking onset) and smoking-related cognitive processes (i.e., smoking motives, perceived barriers to smoking cessation, cessation motives) after controlling for race and problematic alcohol use. Results Smokers with epilepsy did not differ from smokers without epilepsy in terms of smoking rate (p = .51, ηp2 = .01), nicotine dependence (p = .12, ηp2 = .03), age of smoking onset (p = .42, ηp2 = .01), number of quit attempts (p = .43, ηp2 = .01), barriers to cessation (p = .30 to .80, ηp2 = .00 to .01), or cessation motives (p = .28 to .60, ηp2 = .00 to .02). Smokers without epilepsy reported higher levels of smoking for sensorimotor manipulation reasons (p = .03, ηp2 = .06) and longer smoking duration (p = .03, ηp2 = .06) than smokers with epilepsy. Conclusions Smokers with epilepsy do not appear to differ significantly from smokers without epilepsy in terms of smoking-related behaviors and cognitions, and may therefore benefit from current evidence-based treatments for smoking cessation that are not contraindicated for epilepsy (i.e., bupropion, varenicline).
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Song, Hui-Min, Sang-Woo Cho e Pu Zhou. "중국 골퍼의 행동의도 예측을 위한 계획된 행동모델 확장 이론의 적용". Journal of Golf Studies 12, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2018): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.34283/ksgs.2018.12.3.57.
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Zafar, Misbah. "Should Parents be Encouraged to Participate in the Academic Activities of the Children by School Management?" Journal of Behavior 6, n.º 1 (21 de março de 2023): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.47739/2576-0076.behavior.1021.
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School management should encourage parents to participate in the academic activities of the children because it will lead to achieving academic success and improving social and emotional skills. Schools that encourage parents to participate in academic activities have high performance rates in terms of achieving academic goals. Parental participation in the learning process of their children results in improved attitude, behaviour, and social adjustment. However, children whose parents are overprotective feel difficulty in developing problem-solving and decision-making skills so are unable to face their future challenges independently. But children perceive it positively and become more responsible in achieving their academic goals when parents frequently visit schools and want to get informed about the routine of their children. In brief, parental involvement by school management is very vital to raising propitious individuals of society having great emotional and social skills.
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Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn, e Samuel Chng. "COVID-19 pandemic response behaviors: a Singapore experience of the “circuit breaker”". Translational Behavioral Medicine 11, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2021): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibaa135.
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Abstract Preventive health behaviors such as hand hygiene are crucial amidst pandemics like COVID-19 but reports on nonadherence persist. This could be due to the lack of Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC), a cognitive-motivational construct known to improve health-related behaviors. Therefore, we examined the relationship between CFC and five behaviors—mask-wearing, social distancing, hand hygiene, excessive necessities buying, and COVID-19 information searching using an internet-based Singapore-wide survey conducted from April 20 to May 4, 2020. Behavioral differences 2 weeks before and after the state-wide confinement were examined using paired t-tests. Relationships between CFC and COVID-19 behaviors were examined using regression analyses adjusted for depression and anxiety. Participants were regrouped into three categories—increased behavior performance, maintained high performance, and maintained low performance where mean differences were analysed using MANOVA. Three hundred and thirty-six participants completed the survey (mean age, SD = 32.9 years [SD = 12.6]; 38.7% males). CFCfuture predicted mask wearing (B = 0.16; p < .05), social distancing (B = 0.0.19; p < .01), hand hygiene (B = 0.17; p < .01), and information searching (B = 0.21; p < .001). CFCimmediate predicted hand hygiene (B = 0.09; p < .05), excessive necessities buying (B = 0.07; p < .05) and information searching (B = 0.08; p < .05). Anxiety predicted excessive buying (B = 0.08; p < .05) and hand hygiene (B = 0.13; p < .01). Post-hoc test showed significantly higher CFCfuture (p < .01) in participants who increased and maintained high behavioral performance.
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Ehtiyar, V. Rueya, Aylin Aktas Alan e Ece Oemueris. "The role of organizational citizenship behavior on university students' academic success". Tourism and hospitality management 16, n.º 1 (maio de 2010): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.16.1.4.
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The role of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on university students’ academic success is recently a very popular topic in management literature. An individual’s pro-social behavior affects an organization’s productivity. But unfortunately institutions that give tourism education do not give enough importance to OCB. In this research, theoretical structure of OCB is analyzed and it is found out that there is an important relation between Akdeniz University, School of Tourism and Hotel Management’s students’ academic success and demographic aspects. Different advices are given to tourism education managers and the future researches on the basis of the results of the research.