Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Théorie basée sur les ressources"
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Haddad, Ramzi. "Coordination des conflits aériens en présence d’incertitudes : Une étude basée sur l'ordonnancement à contraintes de ressources". Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1634.
Texto completo da fonteThe volume of the air traffic increased 80% in ten years, a growth that is called to continue. The improvements of the present systems of air-traffic management should permit to face this increase until the middle of the next decade. Ln response to this necessity, this thesis work is located between the junctions of two domains: project resources constraints scheduling and the air-traffic coordination. We constructed a dynamic system that permits to resolve air traffic management problems under uncertainties while integrating various techniques adapted to the hazards existing in the context. Our privileged application domain was the coordination (En-Route) of the aerial traffic. This type of project presents features raising form scheduling and organization under uncertainties domains
El, Hayek Zeina. "Contribution à la connaissance du rôle de l’université entrepreneuriale dans la favorisation des startups chez les jeunes étudiants libanais". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023HESAC037.
Texto completo da fonteThis research focuses on understanding the role of the "entrepreneurial" university in promoting the creation of startups among young Lebanese students. In this regard, the literature review aims to comprehend how universities in Lebanon succeed in promoting a culture of innovation, guiding students towards creativity and entrepreneurship, and contributing to job creation. This study applies the resource-based view theory (RBV) to analyze the internal resources of universities that can contribute to their success as catalyst for entrepreneurship.The methodology is qualitative and based on both data collection from interviews and participant observation. Data collected from semi-structured interviews were processed using NVivo 12 software. The development of the theme dictionary was determined through data analysis and the gradual cessation of interviews as new information ceased to emerge.The main results stem from two categories, each comprising two sub-themes. These categories relate to entrepreneurial initiatives and activities, as well as challenges and obstacles facing entrepreneurial initiatives. Following the discussion of the results, the interpretation of interviewee statements in light of the literature review analysis led to the formulation of eight research propositions.The implications are understood through universities' contributions regarding incubation programs. This may involve fostering creativity, ideation, and ensuring networks to facilitate access to financial resources and opportunities. However, if implications arise at this stage, it is equally important to consider the challenges that arise at each level
Suksomboon, Patitta. "Représentation de ressources pédagogiques basée sur des ontologies". Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20118.
Texto completo da fonteWith the development of Internet Technology E-learning is becoming more and more widespread. Nowadays, e-learning is one of the most important channels for distribution and communication between teachers and learners. It refers to the use of computer technologies to design, create, deliver, manage and support learning for students and help teachers to provide their resources on the internet. Websites become more and more important communication lines between teachers and students. For teachers to prepare their courses, searching and collecting learning resources will be necessary in the preliminary step and those learning resources will be searched and browsed by students through many course's web sites over WWW technology. There are a multitude of courses available to students, some of which are very effective and some of which produce poor results. The problem is to distinguish between these learning objects and select the best ones for efficient home-study. Thus, pedagogical resources need to be organized to facilitate the access to these resources by teachers or students. In this research, we define an approach to represent pedagogical resources based on ontology and curriculum. It applies ontology to model pedagogical resources in respect with curriculum from authors, thus facilitating the design and development process. This research has produced both an approach that uses web graph representation, called S-node graph, and a system for Pedagogical Resources Management in respect with Ontology called PeRMO tool suit. The PeRMO approach provides learning objects representation to model course web sites, including a web view for users
Sorokin, Roman. "Vidéoconférence basée sur les ressources internes de l'entreprise". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0006/document.
Texto completo da fonteThere exist two classical and well-understood approaches to video processing tasks for videoconferencing. The first one is using a centralized Multipoint Control Unit (MCU). In the second approach, the video processing tasks are directly handled in endpoints. Performance is then restricted by device characteristics, especially in the case of mobile devices. In this thesis, we propose a third alternative approach. We propose a system, which distributes real-time video processing tasks on enterprise desktop grid. A dedicated Multi Attribute Decision Making method is designed in order to take into account the variety of attributes impacting Quality of Experience. A number of task distribution and redistribution algorithms are elaborated. We then test the proposed approach by means of simulation in order to study the impact of the main critical parameters. The proposed approach arises a question to which extent a PC can be used as a platform for media server and how CPU load affects the quality of provided video conference. We estimate a perceived quality of video streams in order to investigate CPU load influence. Also we elaborated algorithms, combining Cloud/Fog approach with different types of media servers, the result provides an optimized conferencing solution in the terms of cost for both provider and consumer as well as in terms of end user experience. Combining elaborated algorithms and architecture with experimentation results we conclude that proposed solution can be used as a novel approach to video conferencing problematic
Sorokin, Roman. "Vidéoconférence basée sur les ressources internes de l'entreprise". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0006.
Texto completo da fonteThere exist two classical and well-understood approaches to video processing tasks for videoconferencing. The first one is using a centralized Multipoint Control Unit (MCU). In the second approach, the video processing tasks are directly handled in endpoints. Performance is then restricted by device characteristics, especially in the case of mobile devices. In this thesis, we propose a third alternative approach. We propose a system, which distributes real-time video processing tasks on enterprise desktop grid. A dedicated Multi Attribute Decision Making method is designed in order to take into account the variety of attributes impacting Quality of Experience. A number of task distribution and redistribution algorithms are elaborated. We then test the proposed approach by means of simulation in order to study the impact of the main critical parameters. The proposed approach arises a question to which extent a PC can be used as a platform for media server and how CPU load affects the quality of provided video conference. We estimate a perceived quality of video streams in order to investigate CPU load influence. Also we elaborated algorithms, combining Cloud/Fog approach with different types of media servers, the result provides an optimized conferencing solution in the terms of cost for both provider and consumer as well as in terms of end user experience. Combining elaborated algorithms and architecture with experimentation results we conclude that proposed solution can be used as a novel approach to video conferencing problematic
Revolon, Fabrice. "Une vision de la petite entreprise basée sur les ressources". Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN22004.
Texto completo da fonteMedernach, Emmanuel. "Allocation de ressources et ordonnancement multi-utilisateurs : une approche basée sur l'équité". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00686891.
Texto completo da fontePiamrat, Kandaraj. "Gestion de ressources basée sur la qualité dans les réseaux sans-fil". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647693.
Texto completo da fonteLanglois, Julie. "Une fonction de hachage basée sur la théorie du chaos". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28237/28237.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteArregle, Jean-Luc. "L'industrialisation des sociétés de conseil en management : une analyse basée sur les ressources". Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32030.
Texto completo da fonteThis research deals with the industrialization (size, standardization, information technology) of management consulting firms in france. The strategic perspective is supported by the "resource based" approach which defines strategic management as "firms attempt to identify, protect, and exploit their unique skills and assets in order to gain competitive advantage in the market place". A cross sectional analysis of 31 enterprises gives the possibility to identify 3 "core resources" : network, size, know how. In addition, competitive behaviours are identified according to the type of resources (skills versus assets). Linkages between different industrialization levels and "core resources" are observed showing the strategic dimension of this evolution. By the means, the resource based approach is validated. Subjects for further research are defined using time section analysis to identify the building of asset stocks and the level of sustainability of competitive advantages
Fernandez, Davila Jorge Luis. "Planification cognitive basée sur la logique : de la théorie à l'implémentation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2022. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/5491/.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we introduced a cognitive planning framework that can be used to endow artificial agents with the necessary skills to represent and reason about other agents' mental states. Our cognitive planning framework is based on an NP-fragment of an epistemic logic with a semantics exploiting belief bases and whose satisfiability problem can be reduced to SAT. We detail the set of translations for the reduction of our fragment to SAT. In addition, we provide complexity results for checking satisfiability of formulas in our NP-fragment. We define a general architecture for the cognitive planning problem. Afterward, we define two types of planning problem: informative and interrogative, and we find the complexity of finding a solution for the cognitive planning problem in both cases. Furthermore, we illustrated the potential of our framework for applications in human-machine interaction with the help of two examples in which an artificial agent is expected to interact with a human agent through dialogue and to persuade the human to behave in a certain way. Moreover, we introduced a formalization of simple cognitive planning as a quantified boolean formula (QBF) with an optimal number of quantifiers in the prefix. The model for cognitive planning was implemented. We describe how to represent and generate the belief base. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the machine performs the reasoning process to find a sequence of speech acts intended to induce a potential intention in the human agent. The implemented system has three main components: belief revision, cognitive planning, and the translator module. These modules work integrated to capture the human agent's beliefs during the human-machine interaction process and generate a sequence of speech acts to achieve a persuasive goal. Finally, we present an epistemic language to represent the beliefs and actions of an artificial player in the context of the board game Yokai. The cooperative game Yokai requires a combination of theory of mind (ToM), temporal and spatial reasoning for an artificial agent to play effectively. We show that the language properly accounts for these three dimensions and that its satisfiability problem is NP-complete. We implement the game and perform experiments to compare the cooperation level between agents when they try to achieve a common goal by analyzing two scenarios: when the game is played between a human and the artificial agent versus when two humans play the game
Hmida, Marwa. "Reconnaissance de formes basée sur l'approche possibiliste dans les images mammographiques". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0061/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn view of the significant increase in breast cancer mortality rate among women as well as the continuous growth in number of mammograms performed each year, computer-aided diagnosis is becoming more and more imperative for experts. In our thesis work, special attention is given to breast masses as they represent the most common sign of breast cancer in mammograms. Nevertheless, mammographic images have very low contrast and breast masses possess ambiguous margins. Thus, it is difficult to distinguish them from the surrounding parenchymal. Moreover, the complexity and the large variability of breast mass shapes make diagnostic and classification challenging tasks.In this context, we propose a computer-aided diagnosis system which firstly segments masses in regions of interests and then classifies them as benign or malignant. Mass segmentation is a critical step in a computer-aided diagnosis system since it affects the performance of subsequent analysis steps namely feature analysis and classification. Indeed, poor segmentation may lead to poor decision making. Such a case may occur due to two types of imperfection: uncertainty and imprecision. Therefore, we propose to deal with these imperfections using fuzzy contours which are integrated in the energy of an active contour to get a fuzzy-energy based active contour model that is used for final delineation of mass.After mass segmentation, a classification method is proposed. This method is based on possibility theory which allows modeling the ambiguities inherent to the knowledge expressed by the expert. Moreover, since shape and margin characteristics are very important for differentiating between benign and malignant masses, the proposed method is essentially based on shape descriptors.The evaluation of the proposed methods was carried out using the regions of interest containing masses extracted from the MIAS base. The obtained results are very interesting and the comparisons made have demonstrated their performances
Puschini, Pascual Diego. "Optimisation distribuée et dynamique des architectures MPSoC basée sur la théorie des jeux". Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20070.
Texto completo da fonteComplexity of Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) has exponentially increased, advanced technologies do not guarantee anymore the stability of parameters, and the application requirements oblige to improve architectural performance. We consider SoC integrating several processing elements (MPSoCs). These platforms are designed to support multiple constrained applications, such as telecom and multimedia. Dynamic adaptability is then mandatory to optimize performance and power consumption face to changes in the system, for instance the evolution from one application to another. Distributed optimization is required to provide scalability. The absence of dynamic and distributed adaptive techniques for MPSoCs led us to propose a model where each processor is able to make local decisions. We use Game theory to describe distributed optimization. Processors are considered as players trying to find the best configuration in a non-cooperative game, optimizing several metrics (performance, power consumption, latency, temperature). Game theory gives a set of formalisms to study the convergence of such a system towards an optimal or quasi-optimal solution. Based on these concepts, we present an innovative technique to optimize MPSoCs in a distributed and dynamic way. Our analyses prove the adequacy of such a model to describe MPSoCs. A hardware implementation was proposed and evaluated. This implementation aims at proposing a scalable distributed block with low complexity able to be integrated within future adaptive MPSoC architectures
Ould, Aboubecrine Mohamed Mahmoud. "Sur l'estimation basée sur les records et la caractérisation des populations". Le Havre, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEHA0004.
Texto completo da fonteIn the first part of this work, we consider a number of k-record values from independent and identically distributed random variables with a continuous distribution function F, ou aim is to predict future k-record values under suitable assumptions on the tail of F. In the second part, we consider finite populations and investigate their characterization by regressions of order statistics under sampling without replacement. We also give some asymptotic results when the size of the population goes to infinity
Li, Kai. "Modélisation du comportement hydromécanique des sols gonflants basée sur la théorie de l'état limite". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD004/document.
Texto completo da fonteClayey materials are often subjected to the complex suction/stress paths, causing many problems in both surface structures and buried structures built on them. In this context, it is important to study the hydromechanical behavior of these materials in order to better control their use in civil engineering. The complex hydromechanical behavior of clay materials is basically connected to their fabric which has been the main subject of several studies on the micro- and macrostructure of soils. These studies have led to the development of elastoplastic models for expansive soils. The existed models are able to simulate the basic behavior of unsaturated expansive soil, but present a large number of model parameters, leading to a time-consuming calculation. Therefore, we propose a simplified method to model the hydromechanical behavior of expansive soils based on shakedown concept. This model is first validated by the experimental results of cyclic suction-controlled oedometer tests. Then, it is implemented in a finite element code (CAST3M) to simulate the in-situ behavior of expansive soils. Finally, the application of shakedown theory to heavily dense expansive soils is carried out by considering a combined hardening plasticity
Jlassi, Aymen. "Optimisation de la gestion des ressources sur une plate-forme informatique du type Big Data basée sur le logiciel Hadoop". Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4042.
Texto completo da fonte"Cyres-Group" is working to improve the response time of his clusters Hadoop and optimize how the resources are exploited in its data center. That is, the goals are to finish work as soon as possible and reduce the latency of each user of the system. Firstly, we decide to work on the scheduling problem in the Hadoop system. We consider the problem as the problem of scheduling a set of jobs on a homogeneous platform. Secondly, we decide to propose tools, which are able to provide more flexibility during the resources management in the data center and ensure the integration of Hadoop in Cloud infrastructures without unacceptable loss of performance. Next, the second level focuses on the review of literature. We conclude that, existing works use simple mathematical models that do not reflect the real problem. They ignore the main characteristics of Hadoop software. Hence, we propose a new model ; we take into account the most important aspects like resources management and the relations of precedence among tasks and the data management and transfer. Thus, we model the problem. We begin with a simplistic model and we consider the minimisation of the Cmax as the objective function. We solve the model with mathematical solver CPLEX and we compute a lower bound. We propose the heuristic "LocFirst" that aims to minimize the Cmax. In the third level, we consider a more realistic modelling of the scheduling problem. We aim to minimize the weighted sum of the following objectives : the weighted flow time ( ∑ wjCj) and the makespan (Cmax). We compute a lower bound and we propose two heuristics to resolve the problem
Giulieri, Laurent. "Séparation aveugle de sources basée sur l'utilisation des transformées spatiales quadratiques". Toulon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUL0016.
Texto completo da fonteWe are concerned with the blind source separation for instantaneous mixing problem using quadratic spatial trans-forms. The central problematics and these main works being presented, the tools (joint diagonalization and zero-diagonalization of a set of matrices, quadratic and bilinear transforms with the particular case of the time-frequency representations, extension to the vectorial case with the quadratic spatial transforms) used to developed methods are detailed. The study of quadratic spatial transform of mixed sources, in the noiseless case, represents the original work of this document. It leads to the design of the two automatic selection criteria of time-frequency points allowing to the elaboration of the set of matrices having to be joint diagonalized and/or joint zero-diagonalized. The first criterion is intended for the uncorrelated deterministic sources mixing, previously whitened, where the mixing could be complex. The second criterion, more general, is intended for the correlated deterministic sources mixing. The whitening step is removed and the joint diagonalization techniques are replaced by a technic without constraint, limiting the separation performances. We show that it is possible to solve the problem by an analytical way. Finally, the noise effect on quadratic spatial time-frequency representation is studied in order to design new decision strategies for the adaptation of the automatic selection criteria to the noisy case
Artinian, Azad. "Manipulation robotique d'objets déformables basée sur le modèle Cosserat". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS080.
Texto completo da fonteHandling deformable objects is an obvious task for human beings. We manipulate them every day, whether it's clothes, food or accessories.Even for objects we've never seen before, it's intuitive to know in advance how the object will react and deform when handled. By seeing only the geometry, appearance and texture of an object, and referring to our past experiences with other similar objects, we can very often predict in advance how the object will deform without even touching it. Furthermore, with a reduced number of interactions with a new material, it's very easy for us to extrapolate and quickly deduce the set of actions required to deform the object specifically. Robots, however, do not have this memory to help them apprehend new situations. For them, there is no obvious link between the actions they perform on an object and the shape it takes. Enabling robots to manipulate deformable objects is therefore a challenge for robotics. Behind the apparent simplicity of the task, transcribing the link we intuitively possess between the actions we perform and the shape of an object into a language that a robot can understand is a complex problem. However, many tasks involving the handling and processing of deformable objects would benefit greatly from the help of robots, whether in the industrial, public or even everyday sectors. In this thesis, we aim to advance research in this field by proposing an approach enabling a robot to manipulate deformable objects. Based on a mechanical model of the object, we first propose an off-line method for planning the robot's actions in order to perform a deformable object manipulation task, taking into account the constraints applied to the object. Secondly, we extend the previous approach to the task of detaching a deformable object attached to a flat surface. Finally, we propose an on-line shape control method, which can be used in conjunction with the planning method or independently of it
Lebreton, Aurélien. "Allocation dynamique de ressources basée sur un multiplexage radio-fréquence pour les futurs réseaux d'accès optique passifs". Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS381.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is part of the growing capacity of passive optical access networks. The works done during this thesis are based on the fact that current technologies, employing time division multiplexing, will reach their limits in the coming years and will no longer respond to changes in high bitrates requirements. The study of problems encountered during the current deployments led us to propose another form of multiplexing more suitable for bitrates requested by users: the FDM/FDMA PON, frequency division multiplexing. The work done in this thesis aim to demonstrate the feasibility of a such architecture in the laboratory. The objectives are to determine the achievable capacity, whether for the downlink (from central office to user) or the uplink (subscriber to central), but also to achieve a theoretical study to highlight the limitations of this solution. Algorithms for dynamic allocation of resources have been developed and validated experimentally to determine the total capacity of each link. The architecture using two distinct wavelengths (one for the downlink and one for the uplink) achieves a capacity of 40Gbps for the downlink and 20Gbps for the uplink by using FDM/FDMA PON. Finally, a hybrid architecture using a single wavelength to transport both uplink and downlink data has been explored and achieves a symmetrical capacity of 25Gbps
Eidems, Judith. "La standardisation globale et l'adaptation locale dans la gestion des ressources humaines internationales : une analyse théorique et empirique sur la base de la Dynamic Capabilities Perspectives". Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100072.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis entitled „Global standardisation and local adaptation in the international Human Resource Management – A theoretical and empirical analysis based on the Dynamic Capabilities perspective” focuses on strategic processes within multinational enterprises which cause a adequate balance in international Human Resource Management (HRM). „Stated in terms of a number of questions, strategy process is concerned with the how, who and when of strategy: how is, and should, strategy be made, analyzed, dreamt-up, formulated, implemented, changed and controlled; who is involved; and when do the necessary activities take place?” (De Wit & Meyer, 2004, 5). The relevance of this research subject is a consequence of the advancing globalization of the global economy, in which more and more companies standardise HRM instruments across regions and countries (see for example Wittig-Goetz, 2009; Dowling, Festing & Engle, 2008; Engle & Mendenhall, 2004; CIPD, 2001) and due to a lack of scientific insights about this process dimension (Dickmann & Müller-Camen, 2004; Morris, Snell & Wright, 2006). Dickmann/Müller-Camen (2006, 581) point out that „ […] there is a need to look at communication and coordination processes […] within IHRM. […] the precise international communication and coordination instruments and activities within the international HR function of MNCs are not fully researched, yet”. The thesis tries to find answers to the following questions: • What factors prompt multinationals to standardise their HRM practices and instruments at a global level? • Which causal relationships can be identified within these processes which support the development of an adequate balance between globally standardised and locally adapted HRM? • To what extent can these postulated causal relationships be proven empirically? • What research and practical implications can be generated?In order to answer these research questions the author chose a comprehensive approach. Based on the theoretical assumptions of the Dynamic Capabilities Perspective (Teece, Pisano & Shuen, 1997; Eisenhardt & Martin, 2000) a process model (based on De Wit & Meyer, 2004, S. 5) is developed, which helps explain the content of and the causal relationships within these balancing processes in international HRM. This 4-step-process model as developed by the author is predicated on the central relationships between processes, critical resource bundles and the creation of competitive advantages (see also Barney, 1991; Wernerfelt, 1984)
Künzle, Luis Allan. "Raisonnement temporel basé sur les réseaux de Petri pour les systèmes manipulant des ressources". Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30150.
Texto completo da fonteRobinet, Vivien. "Modélisation cognitive computationnelle de l'apprentissage inductif de chunks basée sur la théorie algorithmique de l'information". Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0108.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents a computational cognitive model of inductive learning based both on the MDL and on the chunking mechanism. The chunking process is used as a basis for many computational cognitive models. The MDL principle is a formalisation of the simplicity principle. It implements the notion of simplicity through the well-defined concept of codelength. The theoretical results justifying the simplicity principle are established through the algorithmic information theory. The MDL principle could be considered as a computable approximation of measures defined in this theory. Using these two mechanisms the model automatically generates the shortest representation of discrete stimuli. Such a representation could be compared to those produced by human participants facing the same set of stimuli. Through the proposed model and experiments, the purpose of this thesis is to assess both the theoretical and the practical effectiveness of the simplicity principle for cognitive modeling
Mokhtari, Amine. "Système personnalisé de planification d'itinéraire unimodal : une approche basée sur la théorie des ensembles flous". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1E004.
Texto completo da fontePenide, Thomas. "Favoriser l'innovation dans une organisation par projets sous contraintes de ressources : définition d'une approche basée sur les processus". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0034/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn the globalised context of modern industry, innovation has become a major challenge for enterprises. Innovation should not only be seen as a way to sustain long-term activities, but also as an essential component of daily management activities of organizations. To address this problem, especially in the Innovation Center of Pierre Fabre Laboratories, the chosen approach is located at the crossroads of two engineerings. Enterprise engineering is the first prism of our study, detecting what is part of the daily activities in the running processes, while innovation engineering reveals what is specific to an innovation process. At the crossroads of these two engineerings, a specific alignment identifies an original management approach focused on the innovation process and promoting the detection, diagnosis and assessment of potential innovation in the daily activities and projects. All the proposals for an innovation management have been applied to the Innovation Center, a breeding ground for our experimentation, highlighting original areas for improvement
Gottstein, Raphaël. "Système délibératif d'un robot autonome : planification probabiliste hiérarchique basée sur des motivations et prise en compte de ressources". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066412/document.
Texto completo da fonteIf the litterature of decision-making has addressed a variety of problems, the ability to make an agent autonomous in the choice of its goals remains a difficult issue to address. This capacity is nevertheless essential for an agent in order to be automous in its environment. This thesis aims at allowing a robot to plan its own actions for multiple concurrent objectives, in a probabilistic environment and with resources. The first contribution of this work is the proposal of a new model for the objectives, the motivations, constituted from an automaton. Motivations describe the evolution of each objective using states and transitions corresponding to the realisation of tasks, and define the reward gains. The second contribution concerns a planning method that makes use the motivations. This method is hierarchical and proposes at first to solve the realisation of the tasks that are relevant for the motivations. By exploiting the specific context of each task, we can quickly compute their policy and calculate their execution model, which we call macro-action. We then use these macro-actions in a high-level local planning process, allowing us to return a conditional plan of the macro-actions to be executed, which we call macro-actions agenda. To solve a problem over time, we propose to include this planning system in a deliberative architecture that will control the execution of the agenda and produce new ones
Gottstein, Raphaël. "Système délibératif d'un robot autonome : planification probabiliste hiérarchique basée sur des motivations et prise en compte de ressources". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066412.
Texto completo da fonteIf the litterature of decision-making has addressed a variety of problems, the ability to make an agent autonomous in the choice of its goals remains a difficult issue to address. This capacity is nevertheless essential for an agent in order to be automous in its environment. This thesis aims at allowing a robot to plan its own actions for multiple concurrent objectives, in a probabilistic environment and with resources. The first contribution of this work is the proposal of a new model for the objectives, the motivations, constituted from an automaton. Motivations describe the evolution of each objective using states and transitions corresponding to the realisation of tasks, and define the reward gains. The second contribution concerns a planning method that makes use the motivations. This method is hierarchical and proposes at first to solve the realisation of the tasks that are relevant for the motivations. By exploiting the specific context of each task, we can quickly compute their policy and calculate their execution model, which we call macro-action. We then use these macro-actions in a high-level local planning process, allowing us to return a conditional plan of the macro-actions to be executed, which we call macro-actions agenda. To solve a problem over time, we propose to include this planning system in a deliberative architecture that will control the execution of the agenda and produce new ones
Benasser, Ahmer. "L'accessibilité dans les réseaux de Pétri : une approche basée sur la programmation par contraintes". Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-65.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteLa complexité de l'exploration du graphe d'accessibilité est alors repoussée au niveau de la résolution de contraintes : la propagation des contraintes nous interdit d'explorer les branches qui correspondent à des séquences de steps qui ne mènent pas au marquage final désiré. Pour résoudre les problèmes d'ordonnancement, il est nécessaire d'introduire l'aspect temporel. Nous définissons un modèle de réseau de Pétri temporisé et autonome. A chaque marquage, nous associons une date pour chacune des places. Cette date correspond à la date de création du dernier jeton dans cette place. Ainsi, le temps n'est pas contrôlée par une horloge externe. Ce sont les tirs des transitions qui font varier localement au niveau des places le temps. L'algorithme d'accessibilité peut alors être adapté pour ce type de réseau. Nous obtenons alors des séquences de tirs dates qui peuvent etre interprétés comme des ordonnancements réalisables
Bousson, Kouamana. "Raisonnement causal pour la supervision de processus basée sur des modèles". Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0023.
Texto completo da fonteCayrac, Didier. "Diagnostic opérationnel exploitant des connaissances incomplètes. Une approche basée sur la théorie des possibilités - application au diagnostic de satellites". Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30158.
Texto completo da fonteLazri, Kahina. "Sécurité de la gestion dynamique des ressources basée sur la prise en compte des profils de consommation en ressources des machines virtuelles, dans un cloud IaaS". Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132063/document.
Texto completo da fonteHardware virtualisation is the core technology which enables resource sharing among multiple virtual machines possibly belonging to different tenants within cloud infrastructures. Resources haring is the main feature that enables cost effectiveness of cloud platforms, achieved through dynamic resource management. However, resource sharing brings several new security concerns. Several proofs of concepts have demontrated new attack strategies brought by the resource sharing paradigm, known as cross-virtual machine attacks. Even so, it is also showed that the priviligied position of the virtualisation layer can be leveraged to offer better security protection mecanisms than the ones offered in non virtualized platfoms.This thesis follows two main objectives. The first one is related to the domain of cloud-specific vulnerabilities. We have demonstrated a new attack, called the abusive virtual machine migration attack, in which an attacker can leverage the sharing of resources, through the manipulation of the amounts of resources consumed by virtual machines under his control, to abusively enforce the dynamic resource management system to trigger virtual machine migrations. We have demonstrated this attack on a virtualized platform composed of five physical machines, the necessary conditions for the attack to succeed and the vulnerability exposure of clusters against this kind of attack is also analyzed. The second main contribution of this thesis aims at leveraging the privilged position of the cloud provider who has both a more reliable view of the ressource utilisation and a more complete view of the virtual machine execution contexts compared to the limited view of cloud users, to provide better security. We propose AMAD (Abusive Virtual Machine Migration Attack Detection), a system designed for detecting an abusive use of the dynamic virtual machine migration, in the case of the abusive virtual machine migration attack. AMAD identifies the virtual machines possibly at the origin of the attack by analyzing their resource consumption profiles which show fluctuation and correlation in the usage of resources. We have implemented AMAD on top of our laboratory platform and evaluated it with the help of virtual machine resource consumption traces collected from real cloud. Our evaluation results show that AMAD identifes the attacking virtual machines with high detection accuracy
Mollo, Vanina. "Usage des ressources, adaptation des savoirs et gestion de l'autonomie dans la décision thérapeutique". Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0601.
Texto completo da fonteBarbata, Asma. "Filtrage et commande basée sur un observateur pour les systèmes stochastiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0013.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with the filtering and control of nonlinear systems described by Itô stochastic differential equations whose diffusion is controlled by a noise which is multiplied with the state vector. In this manuscript, the goal is to relax the conditions of stability used in the literature using the almost sure exponential stability, also called exponential stability with probability equal to one. A new theorem on the almost sure exponential stability of the equilibrium point of a class of triangular nonlinear stochastic systems is proposed: the stability of the whole system is ensured by the stability of each decoupled subsystem. This theorem is applied to the filtering of stochastics systems with multiplicative noises. Conditions for asymptotic rejection of perturbations occurring in a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noises have been proposed. The considered stability is the almost sure exponential one. A bound of the Lyapunov exponent ensures the almost sure convergence rate to zero for the state of the system. A bang-bang control law is synthesized for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems in two cases: (i) state feedback and (ii) measured output feedback with an observer. The used stability is the almost sure exponential one. The bounded real lemma is developed for stochastic algebro-differential systems with multiplicative noises and the Itô formula given for thèse systems. This approach has been used for the synthesis of an H-ihfinity measured output feedback control law with the exponential mean square stability. An observer for nonlinear stochastic algebro-differential systems was proposed using the almost sure exponential stability
Allani, Atig Olfa. "Une approche de recherche d'images basée sur la sémantique et les descripteurs visuels". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080032.
Texto completo da fonteImage retrieval is a very active search area. Several image retrieval approaches that allow mapping between low-level features and high-level semantics have been proposed. Among these, one can cite object recognition, ontologies, and relevance feedback. However, their main limitation concern their high dependence on reliable external resources and lack of capacity to combine semantic and visual information.This thesis proposes a system based on a pattern graph combining semantic and visual features, relevant visual feature selection for image retrieval and improvement of results visualization. The idea is (1) build a pattern graph composed of a modular ontology and a graph-based model, (2) to build visual feature collections to guide feature selection during online retrieval phase and (3) improve the retrieval results visualization with the integration of semantic relations.During the pattern graph building, ontology modules associated to each domain are automatically built using textual corpuses and external resources. The region's graphs summarize the visual information in a condensed form and classify it given its semantics. The pattern graph is obtained using modules composition. In visual features collections building, association rules are used to deduce the best practices on visual features use for image retrieval. Finally, results visualization uses the rich information on images to improve the results presentation.Our system has been tested on three image databases. The results show an improvement in the research process, a better adaptation of the visual features to the domains and a richer visualization of the results
Dewez, Claude. "Modélisation d'un filtre actif parallèle triphasé pour la dépollution harmonique et synthèse d'une commande basée sur le rejet de perturbations". Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2327.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with a new modelling of a three-phase network in association with a parallel active filter. This modelling results in a state representation which permits to apply the tools of linear control theory. Using this approach the harmonics compensation of electrical networks consists in the direct control of the source current. Thus the description of the system corresponds to its representation in closed loop where the reduction of source current harmonics is treated like a matter of disturbances rejection. This approach is different from common approaches which are usually based on reference tracking control. The proposed approach is validated firstly using simulation with the technical computing software Matlab/Simulinkr, then using a test bench fitted with a shunt active filter linked to the three-phase AC source. The bench, consisting of an IGBT voltage source inverter with associate control, a high-frequency filter and a polluting load which is a three-phase rectifier, is instrumented to measure currents and protected from overloading and overvoltage. The control law is implemented in real time thanks to xPC Target prototyping system
Leblanc, Vicky. "Adoption de l'alimentation méditerranéenne basée sur la théorie de l'autodétermination : différences entre les hommes et les femmes". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26266.
Texto completo da fonteL’alimentation méditerranéenne est reconnue comme un modèle de saine alimentation et ses bienfaits sur la santé cardiovasculaire sont bien documentés. Puisque des différences entre les hommes et les femmes ont été rapportées quant aux habitudes alimentaires et à la modification de celles-ci en réponse à des interventions, on peut se questionner à savoir si les hommes et les femmes peuvent retirer les mêmes bénéfices en adoptant cette alimentation. D’autre part, la motivation constitue un facteur déterminant dans les changements alimentaires et des évidences suggèrent que la motivation autodéterminée est associée à l’adoption et au maintien de comportements alimentaires sains. Peu d’études ont cependant évalué l’importance de la qualité de la motivation impliquée dans les changements alimentaires, et aucune ne semble avoir considéré les différences potentielles entre les hommes et les femmes. L’étude présentée dans cette thèse visait à déterminer l’influence du genre dans l’adoption d’une alimentation de type méditerranéen en réponse à un programme d’éducation en nutrition basé sur une approche motivationnelle auprès d’individus présentant certains facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire. Afin de rencontrer cet objectif, 64 hommes et 59 femmes préménopausées ont participé à un programme d’éducation en nutrition de 12 semaines basé sur l’approche de l’entretien motivationnel. L’intervention nutritionnelle visait à promouvoir la motivation autodéterminée, plus particulièrement en soutenant la satisfaction des besoins d’autonomie, de compétence et du sentiment d’attachement des individus dans la détermination d’objectifs alimentaires et de stratégies favorables à adopter. L’intervention comportait trois rencontres de groupe, trois rencontres individuelles et quatre suivis téléphoniques avec une nutritionniste. Une amélioration similaire de l’adhésion à l’alimentation méditerranéenne a été observée chez les hommes et les femmes en réponse à l’intervention, mais avec des changements plus prononcés de certaines composantes alimentaires chez les hommes. Une augmentation de la motivation autodéterminée était associée à une amélioration de l’adhésion à l’alimentation méditerranéenne chez les hommes seulement. Des changements métaboliques plus prononcés ont été observés chez les hommes. En conclusion, nos résultats indiquent que le programme d’éducation en nutrition basé sur une approche motivationnelle a contribué à l’amélioration des apports alimentaires et à la diminution de facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire, plus particulièrement chez les hommes.
The Mediterranean diet is now recognized as one of the best models of food patterns and its cardioprotective effects are well established in the literature. As evidence suggests differences between men and women in eating habits and in dietary changes in response to interventions, it can be questioned whether men and women could get the same health benefits from the adoption of the Mediterranean diet. It has also been suggested that motivation is an important factor in the context of dietary changes and some studies indicate that self-determined motivation toward eating is associated with the adoption of healthy dietary behaviors and long-term adherence to those changes. However, few studies assessed the importance of quality in motivational factors related to dietary changes, and to our knowledge, none has considered potential differences between men and women. This study aimed at assessing the impact of gender in the adoption of a Mediterranean diet in response to a nutritional education program based on a motivational approach, in men and women presenting risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To meet this objective, 64 men and 59 premenopausal women were recruited into our 12-week nutritional education program based on the motivational interviewing approach. The nutritional intervention aimed at promoting self-determined motivation, more precisely in a context that fosters satisfaction of basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the determination of dietary changes and potential strategies. The nutritional intervention included three group sessions, three individual sessions and four follow-up telephone calls with a registered dietitian. Both men and women increased their adherence to the Mediterranean diet in response to the nutritional intervention, although men showed more pronounced changes in some specific food groups. A positive association between increases in self-determined motivation and increases in the adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in men only. Men also showed more pronounced changes in metabolic variables. In conclusion, our results indicate that the nutritional intervention program based on a motivational approach led to improvement in dietary intakes and to decreases in cardiovascular risk factors, more particularly in men.
Bouazza, Kheir-Eddine. "Commande basée sur des observateurs pour les systèmes non-linéaires en temps discret". Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10171.
Texto completo da fonteResearch activities presented in this thesis concerne the stabilisation, with obserber-based controllers, of discrete-time nonlinear systems. The approach which we proposed doesn't require a particular structure of the output contrary to the methods based on the the passivity theory. Unlike the jurdjevic-quinn method, it doesn't need the stability of the free dynamics. A lyapunov function common to a great number of systems is used for the analysis of stability. Moreover it has the advantage of being simply implementable. Using the results established previously, synthesis of a control law based on an extended kalman observer was given. The third section presents an observer based controller which stabilizes globally exponentially a class of nonlinear systems. An extension to delay systems was established. In the last section, we present a simple conditions in linear matrix inequalities form, which stbilizes asymptotically a large class of delay nonlinear systems. Some other conditions allowing the synthesis of observers for different classes of nonlinear systems were presented
Curt, Corinne. "Evaluation de la performance des barrages en service basée sur une formalisation et une agrégation des connaisssances". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF21819.
Texto completo da fonteHuang, Fan. "Allocation des ressources fondée sur la qualité du canal pour la voie descendante des systèmes LTE". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS250/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis research takes place in the context of Private Mobile Radio networks evolution which aims at designing a new LTE based PMR technology dedicated to public security services. As the frequency bands dedicated to this service is scarce and the need of public safety forces is different, we have revisited the Resource Allocation problem in this thesis with two main objectives: designing new allocation algorithms which outperform the spectrum efficiency and serving fairly the users instead of maximizing the global network throughput.This thesis proposes new Resource Block (RB) allocation strategies in LTE downlink systems. Instead of the well-known resource allocation algorithms, which work on the condition that the RB capacity is already estimated, our RB allocation schemes can improve the potential of the channel capacity, using Beamforming cooperation and game-theoretical problems1. With the MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-output) antennas, the Beamforming technique improves the received signal in order to increase the SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio), but the improved signal may also influence the inter-cell interference in the neighbouring cells. As inter-cell interference is the main interference in the OFDMA system, a smart scheduling can choose UEs (User Equipment) in adjacent cells to control interference increment caused by Beamforming.In traditional methods, the scheduler allocates RBs to UEs depending on the RB capacities and other parameters, the system then applies the Beamforming technique to these chosen UEs. After the Beamforming, the RB capacity varies but the scheduler keeps the same allocation.Our scheme allocates the RBs and chooses Beamforming vectors at the same time to enhance the performance of the Beamforming technique. It increases the average throughput by increasing the RB’s average capacity. Because more parameters are taken into account, the complexity also increases exponentially. In the thesis we find an iterative method to reduce the complexity. From the simulations, our iterative method also has good performance and improves more than 10% of throughput on the cell edge.2. In contrast to the performance first algorithms, game theoretic allocation schemes maximize the UEs’ utility function from the economical point of view. The NBS (Nash Bargaining Solution) offers a Pareto optimal solution for the utility function.The traditional NBS allocation in an OFDMA system is to optimize the subcarrier allocation at each time slot, but in the OFDMA system, the subcarriers are composed of Resource Blocks (RB) in time series. We propose an RB NBS approach, which is more efficient than the existing subcarrier NBS allocation scheme.We analyze the fast-fading channels and compare them without the path-loss influence. Because of the great path-loss in cell edge, the edge UE always has lower RB capacity than the cell center UE. Our idea is to bring in a compensating factor to overcome this path-loss influence, and the compensating factors are carefully chosen to maximize the NBS function. However, the computation of these factors has a high complexity and we develop four approximated solutions which give same performance and accuracy. The performance evaluation confirms that our method and its approximated solutions are able to spread resources fairly over the entire cell
Martakouche, Naeem. "Les motivations des cadres français pour accepter une affectation internationale : une étude empirique basée sur la théorie d’Ajzen". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30007.
Texto completo da fonteIn the context of international mobility, we aim to explore in this thesis the motivations of the French executives regarding their intentions to accept an international assignment.Our study is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and enabled us to conclude that the intentions to accept international assignment does not depend solely on the attitudes. The perceived behavioral control also contribute to the determination of this intention. The theoretical contribution of our research is to apply the model of TPB on the French executives who have the intention to accept an international assignment. The managerial contribution is to offer the firms some key guidelines to broaden their understanding pertaining to the improvement in their practices of mobility by identifying the motivations of the executives for an international assignment.The methodological contribution is the proposition of scenarios based on country of destination for exhibiting the contribution of three determinants of this intention in terms of attitudes, social norms and perceived control
Pettersson, Fredrik. "Le fantastique dans Le Spectre large de Gérard Prévot : Une analyse basée sur la théorie de Tzvetan Todorov". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79278.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is centred on the fantastic features in Le Spectre Large by Gérard Prévot (1975) and subsequently on a comparison with the features from another collection by Prévot, La Nuit du Nord (1974), studied by Ricci in 1993. The analysis is based on Tzvetan Todorov’s theory of the fantastic, which puts its emphasis on the hesitation whether the enigmatic phenomena has its origins in the natural (uncanny) or the supernatural (marvellous) world. The research of Prévot’s literary work is interesting given that, compared to other Belgian fantastic writers such as Jean Ray or Thomas Owen, Gérard Prévot is still rather unknown and not much studied. With regard to the results, it is found that the stories have a mixed qualities in relation to fantastic theory. In the better tales, the fantastic is born out of a narration with a limited point of view and a vague and sometimes unknown narrator. It is also born out of the plot which introduces the disruptive elements at the very last page. When comparing the corpus with Ricci’s study (1993), several common features are found, but also a few differences. Prévot has written the two books using a similar vocabulary and the stories often take place in related environments – the North, a place with mysterious connotations. A fantastic which Ricci calls “social” can also be found in both collections. The main point of difference between the books is the narration. While the narrator in La Nuit du Nord has an omniscient status, the one in Le Spectre Large is clearly limited and anonymous.
Datcu, Octaviana. "Méthodes de chiffrement/déchiffrement utilisant des systèmes chaotiques : Analyse basée sur des méthodes statistiques et sur la théorie du contrôle des systèmes". Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802659.
Texto completo da fonteBarbata, Asma. "Filtrage et commande basée sur un observateur pour les systèmes stochastiques". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0013/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with the filtering and control of nonlinear systems described by Itô stochastic differential equations whose diffusion is controlled by a noise which is multiplied with the state vector. In this manuscript, the goal is to relax the conditions of stability used in the literature using the almost sure exponential stability, also called exponential stability with probability equal to one. A new theorem on the almost sure exponential stability of the equilibrium point of a class of triangular nonlinear stochastic systems is proposed: the stability of the whole system is ensured by the stability of each decoupled subsystem. This theorem is applied to the filtering of stochastics systems with multiplicative noises. Conditions for asymptotic rejection of perturbations occurring in a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noises have been proposed. The considered stability is the almost sure exponential one. A bound of the Lyapunov exponent ensures the almost sure convergence rate to zero for the state of the system. A bang-bang control law is synthesized for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems in two cases: (i) state feedback and (ii) measured output feedback with an observer. The used stability is the almost sure exponential one. The bounded real lemma is developed for stochastic algebro-differential systems with multiplicative noises and the Itô formula given for thèse systems. This approach has been used for the synthesis of an H-ihfinity measured output feedback control law with the exponential mean square stability. An observer for nonlinear stochastic algebro-differential systems was proposed using the almost sure exponential stability
Dinh, Ba-Duy. "Accès à l'information biomédicale : vers une approche d'indexation et de recherche d'information conceptuelle basée sur la fusion de ressources termino-ontologiques". Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1737/.
Texto completo da fonteInformation Retrieval (IR) is a scientific field aiming at providing solutions to select relevant information from a corpus of documents in order to answer the user information need. In the context of biomedical IR, there are different sources of information: patient records, guidelines, scientific literature, etc. In addition, the information needs may concern different profiles : medical experts, patients and their families, and other users. . . Many challenges are specifically related to the biomedical IR : the document representation, the usage of terminologies with synonyms, acronyms, abbreviations as well as the access to the information guided by the context of information need and the user profiles. Our work is most related to the biomedical IR and deals with the challenges of the representation of biomedical information and the access to this rich source of information in the biomedical domain. Concerning the representation of biomedical information, we propose techniques and approaches to indexing documents based on: 1) recognizing and extracting concepts from terminologies : the method of concept extraction is basically based on an approximate lookup of candidate concepts that could be useful to index the document. This technique expoits two sources of evidence : (a) the content-based similarity between concepts and documents and (b) the semantic similarity between them. 2) disambiguating entry terms denoting concepts by exploiting the polyhierarchical structure of a medical thesaurus (MeSH - Medical Subject Headings). More specifically, the domains of each concept are exploited to compute the semantic similarity between ambiguous terms in documents. The most appropriate domain is detected and associated to each term denoting a particular concept. 3) exploiting different termino-ontological resources in an attempt to better cover the semantics of document contents. Concerning the information access, we propose a document-query matching method based on the combination of document and query expansion techniques. Such a combination is guided by the context of information need on one hand and the semantic context in the document on the other hand. Our analysis is essentially based on the study of factors related to document and query expansion that could have an impact on the IR performance: distribution of concepts in termino-ontological resources, fusion techniques for concept extraction issued from multiple terminologies, concept weighting models, etc
Ranjatoelina, Jérémy. "Les business models inclusifs. : Une recherche-action sur la lutte contre l’exclusion sociale, par l’emploi au cœur d’une activité économique, en France". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12009/document.
Texto completo da fonteInclusive organizations deliberately and predominantly employ people in situations of social exclusion. This compilation thesis studies the business models of enterprises which predominantly include in their processes of value creation, human resources that are being wasted by the companies on the job market. It is theoretically anchored in three research streams : (1) the stream that favors individuals’ inclusion at the base of the pyramid (BoP); (2) the business model of social enterprises ; (3) the extented resource-based theory.A public-private conventionalized PhD called Doctorat-CIFRE, for “Industrial Convention for Research Training”, within the Fondation Agir Contre l’Exclusion (FACE) represents our research context. Accordingly, this action-research led to the analysis of the business models portfolios of the following groups: APF Entreprises, Vitamine T, and Ethik Investment. The results of the four papers highlight the key resources and competences which aggregate the orchestration capability that enables the inclusion of wasted human resources. The results yield a framework for the analysis of inclusive enterprises’ business models, called SI-RCOV framework. We also illustrate how an inclusive strategic intent is carried out within business models. Finally, we advance a (theoretically supported) (re)definition of the inclusive business model. These findings suggest a new theoretical insight and a new articulation for defining and scientifically discussing inclusive business models
Modave, François. "Vers une unification des différents paradigmes de la théorie de la décision : une approche basée sur les mesures non-additives et la théorie du mesurage". Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT031H.
Texto completo da fonteChen, Lin. "Comportements égoïstes et malveillants dans les réseaux sans fil : une approche basée sur la théorie des jeux non-coopératifs". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005356.
Texto completo da fonteChen, Lin. "Comportements malveillants et égoïstes dans les réseaux sans fils : une approche basée sur la théorie des jeux non-coopératifs". Paris, ENST, 2008. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00005356.
Texto completo da fonteThe last two decades have witnessed an unprecedented success of wireless networks due to the proliferation of inexpensive, widely available wireless devices. With such an explosive growth, the traditional paradigm of centralized, fixed networks can no longer satisfy the dramatically increasing demand for wireless services and connections, which poses imminent challenges on network management and control, among which security is a primary concern. The thesis introduces an axis of research where non-cooperative game theory is applied as a systematical framework to model and analyze selfish and malicious behaviors in wireless networks. The major contribution of the thesis lies in the modeling of selfish and malicious behaviors in wireless networks as well as the design of efficient protocols based on the modeling results to cope with them. The thesis is divided into two parts, respectively dedicated to selfish and malicious behaviors. More specifically, the thesis provides a comprehensive study on the following selfish and malicious behaviors under the non-cooperative game theoretic framework : - Selfish behaviors - MAC layer selfish behaviors in IEEE 802. 11 wireless networks - Non-cooperative power and rate control in IEEE 802. 11 wireless networks - Cooperative relaying in wireless networks with selfish users - Malicious behaviors - Intrusion detection in heterogeneous networks - Jamming attack in wireless networks and defense strategy - Multihop routing amid malicious attackers in wireless networks
Mughal, Arshad Saleem. "Valorisation industrielle intégrée d'agro-ressources non alimentaires : contribution au développement d'une méthodologie d'analyse énergétique et environnementale basée sur le génie des procédés". Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT042G.
Texto completo da fonteLachance, Luc. "Observation de procédés basée sur des sous-modèles : applications au traitement et au transport de la matière". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24632/24632.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteEl, Moutaouakkil Abdelmajid. "Approche basée sur le squelette pour la segmentation et l'analyse 2D et 3D des images tomographiques de la structure osseuse". Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0027.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this thesis is to present segmentation of radiological images of the trabecular bone, and extraction of quantification parameters, characterising the bone structure. Segmentation methods are typically classified in “region” and “edge” approaches. In this study we developed a new “squeleton” based approach, particularly well suited to segment tomographic images of the trabecular bone. First the skeleton of the structure is extracted using a gray levet generalization of binary squeletonisation, and then the skeleton is perpendicularly thickened to detect the total structure. The proposed method is easily adaptable to tomographic images obtained from different radiological systems and performed well. We also introduced several direct methods for the parametrisation of the trabecular architecture such as connectivity, directional and morphometric parameters, which are interpreted and compared with parameters described earlier in the literature. The important influence of the segmentation factors on architectural parameters' measures is clearly demonstrated and quantified. The developed method was calibrated and validated on phantom and anatomical specimens. Generalisation of the methodology for the segmentation and the parametrisation of 3D images were performed