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1
Thekkudan, Dennis. "Multidimensional Methods: Applications in Drug-Enzyme Intrinsic Clearance Determination and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Peak Volume Determination." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2005.
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The goal of the first project was to evaluate strategies for determining the in vitro intrinsic clearance (CLint) of dextrorphan (DR) as metabolized by the UGT2B7 enzyme to obtain dextrorphan glucuronide (DR-G). A direct injection liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was used to monitor products using the pseudo-first-order (PFO) model. Standard enzymatic incubations were also quantified using LC-MS. These data were fit utilizing both PFO and Michaelis-Menten (MM) models to determine estimates of kinetic parameters. The CLint was determined to be 0.28 (± 0.08) µL/min/mg protein for a baculovirus insect cell-expressed UGT2B7 enzyme. This is the first confirmation that dextrorphan is specifically metabolized by UGT2B7 and the first report of these kinetic parameters. Simulated chromatographic data were used to determine the precision and accuracy in the estimation of peak volumes in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC). Volumes were determined both by summing the areas in the second dimension chromatograms via the moments method and by fitting the second dimension areas to a Gaussian peak. When only two second dimension signals are substantially above baseline, the accuracy and precision are poor because the solution to the Gaussian fitting algorithm is indeterminate. The fit of a Gaussian peak to the areas of the second dimension peaks is better at predicting the peak volume when there are at least three second dimension injections above the limit of detection. Based on simulations where the sampling interval and sampling phase were varied, we conclude for well-resolved peaks that the optimum precision in peak volumes in 2D separations will be obtained when the sampling ratio is approximately two. This provides an RSD of approximately 2 % for the signal-to-noise (S/N) used in this work. The precision of peak volume estimation for experimental data was also assessed, and RSD values were in the 4-5 % range. We conclude that the poorer precision found in the 2D-LC experimental data as compared to 1D-LC is due to a combination of factors, including variations in the first dimension peak shape related to undersampling and loss in S/N due to the injection of multiple smaller peaks onto the second dimension column.
2
Schwanke, Michelle. "An analysis of two infants’ first cries." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3975.
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As part of a larger study, two low-risk primigravida (first pregnancy) women who
intended to breastfeed and their newborns were audio- and videotaped in the first two hours
after birth. For this pilot study, recordings were analyzed to investigate early infant crying
patterns. One mother-infant pair remained in close contact immediately following delivery
with short periods of separation. The other mother-infant pair experienced longer periods of
separation during the first two hours. Although data are preliminary, the separation cries of
the infants were noticeably different perceptually than the cries produced in contact with
mother. The separation cries were shorter in duration, with a higher first peak frequency, and
a less distinct harmonic structure than those of non-separation cries. Results suggest that a
separation distress cry is biologically plausible, both in terms of tension and stress in the
newborn’s vocal physiology and because of the newborn’s dependence on the mother.
Confirmation and expansion of these findings could serve as a motivating factor in preventing
the separation of mothers and newborns immediately after birth<br>Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Health Professions, Dept. of Communication Sciences and Disorders.
3
Pankaj, Rajesh Kumar. "A threshold strategy for a first in first out heteregeneous two server queueing system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14756.
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Davis, Tinka. "Forty two problems of first degree from Diophantus’ Arithmetica." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5437.
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This work brings to the audience Diophantus' problems of first degree in a literal word for word English translation from Ver Eecke's French translation of Arithmetica. In addition, these problems are accompanied by commentary in modern notation, as well as some modern and general solutions to appropriate problems.<br>Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics.
5
Tseng, H. Vinita. "The Nidanavagga of the Saratthappakasini : the first two vaggas." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365653.
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Gutschow, C. "First observation of Z boson plus two jet production." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1456690/.
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Events with jets produced in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions can be used to study distributions sensitive to the vector boson fusion (VBF) process at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. This process is interesting to study because of its similarity to the VBF production of a Higgs boson as well as its sensitivity to new physics via the WWZ triple gauge coupling. Evidence for electroweak Zjj production beyond the 5 level is presented using data collected at a centre-of-mass energy of \sqrt{s} = 8 TeV by the ATLAS experiment in 2012. This constitutes the first observation of a VBF-like process. The detector-corrected cross sections measured in two fi ducial regions are in excellent agreement with the Standard Model expectations and have also been used to constrain anomalous triple gauge couplings. Furthermore, detector-corrected cross sections and diff erential distributions for inclusive Zjj production are presented in di fferent regions of phase space with varying sensitivity to the electroweak Zjj component. In addition, a performance study of the tracking algorithms used in the ATLAS high-level trigger system is presented.
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Stark, Daniel Paul Scoville Nicholas Zabriskie Ellis Richard S. "Observing galaxy formation in the first two billion years /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2009. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11112008-105159.
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Doman, Todd O. "Electronic Books: An Overview of the First Two Generations." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1112101-145654/unrestricted/domant121301.pdf.
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Eszes, Janos. "The honeymoon is over Hungary's first two years in NATO." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA392045.
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Li, Shaoyi. "University success, a comparison of two cohorts first year transition." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20793.pdf.
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Pendl, Sylvia T. "The two-eyed seeing garden." Thesis, Vancouver : University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54.
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The Two-eyed Seeing Garden is an ethnobotanical garden that is a living description of the interrelationships between land, plants and people that explicates two ways of seeing.
The goal of the Two-eyed Seeing Garden is to combine two frameworks, one of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge and one of Western Scientific Knowledge, in an attempt to create a bridge between the two knowledges in order for the inter-relationships between the two systems to be made visible.
The Two-eyed Seeing Garden emphasizes the worldview of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge as an independent valid knowledge system that describes local knowledge in connection with other local knowledges, nearby and far away. These knowings can be thought of as layers that begin to intersect and eventually connect the same way as ripples do in a pond. Small and central, yet moving out.
The physical garden is this too. It is a small place that is nested within a larger region. Although it may have walls and be distinct from it’s immediate surroundings, it can connect to the larger region. The Two-eyed Seeing Garden is an example of wholeness and connectivity from its most minute aspects to its situatedness in the larger context. The relationships make the invisible visible and describe the co-creation and co-existence of all those that inhabit this land now and since time immemorial.
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Löbbert, Sebastian. "Visualisation of two-dimensional volumes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972777636.
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Shaw, Andrew. "Coalescence of two liquid volumes." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422787.
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McIntyre, Nora Ann. "Teach at first sight : expert teacher gaze across two cultural settings." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15408/.
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Teacher gaze is central to learning, yet research in this area has been limited to Western and laboratory settings. Moreover, within these contexts, only attentional (i.e., information-seeking) gaze has been investigated so far. The research presented in this thesis aimed to extend existing literature by identifying culture-specific (UK and Hong Kong) patterns of expert teacher gaze in real-world classrooms, and going beyond attentional gaze to communicative (i.e., information-giving) gaze. Participants were n= 40 secondary school teachers with 20 (10 expert; 10 novice) from the UK and 20 (10 expert; 10 novice) from Hong Kong. All consented to wearing eye tracking glasses while teaching a class. Gaze proportion, duration, efficiency, flexibility and sequences were measured and analysed. The strategic consistency of the way in which teachers used gaze was also assessed, as was the relationship between measures of gaze and teachers’ interpersonal behaviour. In both cultures, expertise in teaching was demonstrated by giving students priority, that is, higher proportions and longer durations of teacher gaze directed towards students. Gaze flexibility was also a sign of expertise in both cultures, as was strategic consistency. Cultural differences also emerged in what constituted expert teacher gaze. Expertise specific to the UK was shown through teachers looking less at teacher materials and through strategic consistency. Expertise specific to Hong Kong was shown through looking less at non-instructional non-student targets and by gaze flexibility. Teacher interpersonal style (i.e., agency × communion) and teacher agency increased as non-student attentional gaze decreased and as non-student communicative gaze increased; and teacher communion was significantly related to attentional but not communicative gaze.
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Hyland, Robert Matthew. "The professional first degree : sites of struggle: two cases in context." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297493.
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Wolfel, Audrey Kloski 1954. "STRESSES EXPERIENCED BY PRIMIPAROUS WOMEN IN THE FIRST TWO WEEKS POSTPARTUM." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276893.
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Tsankova, Evgenia Kirilova. "Algebraic reasoning of first through third grade students solving systems of two linear equations with two variables." Thesis, Boston University, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33575.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>The purpose of the study was to investigate the algebraic reasoning of first through third grade subjects solving systems of two linear equations with two variables. The population consisted of 60 subjects, 20 from each of the grades, 1, 2, and 3, in an elementary school in a suburban city in Massachusetts. To assess algebraic reasoning abilities, the Assessment of Students' Equation Solving Abilities (ASESA) instrument was developed, one version for each grade level. In ASESA, three types of systems of equations were presented in three contexts: pictures of animals, geometric figures, and letters to represent the variables for a total of nine problems. Variations by grade level were due to the magnitude of the values of the variables.
A predetermined sequence of hints was developed to be used in the event that subjects could not solve the problems independently. The hints were of three types: 1) Look, that focused subjects on key information; 2) Record, that requested subjects to record given problem information; and 3) Solve, that led subjects to the algorithm for solving the problems. Hints were scored for each subject and each problem. Strategies used to solve the problems were coded as algebraic or arithmetic.
Statistical analyses were performed to determine the effect of grade level, problem context, problem type, and solution strategy on solution success when the subjects solved problems independently as well as with assistance in the form of hints. Differences in the numbers of hints of each hint type were also identified and analyzed.
When solving problems both independently and when hints were provided, grade level was a significant factor for solution success. Subjects in Grades 2 and 3 performed significantly better than did subjects in Grade 1. Problem context was not a significant factor for solution success. The type of problem was a significant factor for solution success. Type 3 problems, involving four solutions steps, posed the greatest difficulty for all subjects. Subjects who used algebraic strategies were significantly more successful solving problems of all types and in all contexts than were subjects who used arithmetic strategies.<br>2031-01-01
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Ballagh, Lisa M. "A first look at comparing ice thickness from two sources, 1996--1998." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446086.
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St-Jean, Mélanie. "Exploring the Transitions Associated with Aging in Two Northern First Nations Communities." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24204.
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First Nations people have experienced dramatic life changes in a very short period of time. The process of change was not a conscious decision made by First Nations peoples but rather the result of successive stages of European contact and formal colonization by what is now the government of Canada. With such constant changes and the history of assimilation that overshadows the Aboriginal population, it is becoming difficult for Elders to sustain their roles within the family unit and in their community as a whole. This study provides a description of the oral accounts of Elders living in two remote First Nations communities in Northwestern Ontario. I conducted three summers of ethnographic research that involved participant observation of local cultural practices and 12 semi-structured interviews from 2009 to 2011. Guided discussions with Elders about their lives and their relationship to the land provide important insight into local cultural and personal values. Three primary themes emerged from the conversations with the Elders about life during the childhood: the intense physicality of life in the past, the connection between health and local foods and the changing role of Elders. Findings suggest that Elders are eager to transmit their knowledge to provide a healthier lifestyle for future generations. In addition, I provide a description of the current living conditions of Elders in both communities. First Nations Elders, who were once crucial to the survival of a band, are now facing the highest degree of vulnerability and are desperately searching for a new identity that gives them purpose. Meeting with Elders in their homes and at several community events provided insight into their lives and the challenges they are currently facing. These challenges and experiences are hardly one-dimensional, as they each have varying degrees of family support, financial stability and housing conditions. However, the consistent thread in all the cases was the ongoing struggle Elders have faced trying to reconcile traditional perspectives with the growing dominance of contemporary western lifestyle practices.
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Fleming, Sheelagh. "Risk factors for allergic disease in the first two years of life." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274895.
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A cohort of 2000 women was recruited in early pregnancy when blood was taken, a full family history of allergic disease was obtained and skin prick tests were performed. Data about diet during pregnancy were collected from a food frequency questionnaire. Information on symptoms of allergic disease, smoking and home environment, illness history, antibiotic usage and infant diet were all requested by postal questionnaire at 6, 12 and 24 months of age. A sample of 151 children had skin prick tests performed to determine allergic status at two years of age; 10% were positive. As expected male gender and maternal atopy were associated with wheeze in the first two years of life, while maternal atopy was the only consistent association between the administration of antibiotics and early wheeze. Some non-significant trends were found suggesting an inverse association between maternal dietary vitamin C showed trends towards a positive association as did total fruit intake. Maternal plasma vitamin C also showed a positive association with wheeze in the second year of the child’s life. No association were found between selenium or n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio and wheeze or eczema in the first two years of life. Antibiotics given for non-chest/cold or non-skin conditions in the first six months of life were associated with wheeze and eczema in the second six months and second year of life.
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Sivadas, Nikhil. "First-Principles and Wannier-Function-Based Study of Two-Dimensional Electronic Systems." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/990.
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One of the goals in making better devices is to achieve the desired functionality in materials that enable a given application. The strong link between the functional behavior and the physical properties of materials is key to making better devices. This thesis focuses on applications of density functional theory (DFT), a powerful computational tool, for understanding the electronic, magnetic, magneto-optic, topological and thermodynamic properties of two-dimensional electronic systems (2DES). Why are 2DES interesting? Firstly, the reduced dimensionality renders these materials with properties which could be absent in the bulk form. Secondly, from a technological point of view, the desired functionality can be easily controlled externally in these 2DES by the application of a gate voltage or strain. The 2DES considered here could be crucial in beyond-CMOS electronic technologies. The materials considered in this thesis can be broadly categorized into two different classes of systems. The first one is the two-dimensional electron gas observed at the complex oxide interfaces. The discussion will go into the details of the formation of 2DEG in oxides resulting both from polar catastrophe and also due to the presence of vacancies. The second class of materials is two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals, more specifically, 2D magnets. We not only predict a class of compounds, transition metal trichalcogenides (TMTC), that can exhibit magnetism in the 2D limit, but also demonstrate control of these magnetic degrees of freedom. Finally, we also demonstrate both using symmetry based tight-binding models and first-principles calculations a new way to detect magnetism in the 2D limit, which is applicable to compounds other than TMTC as well.
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Itani-Adams, Yuki. "One child, two languages : bilingual first language acquisition in Japanese and English." Thesis, View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/28484.
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This is the first Japanese-English Bilingual First Language Acquisition (BFLA) longitudinal study carried out within the framework of Processability Theory (PT) (Pienemann, 1998a). The informant of this study is Hannah, who was raised in Australia in a one-parent one-language environment from birth. Hannah’s speech production in each language was collected in a language-specific setting with different interlocutors (i.e., Japanese with the Japanese-speaking mother and English with the English-speaking father), from the time she was 1; 11 (one year and eleven months) until she was 4;10. This study investigates Hannah’s lexical development, the acquisition of morphology and syntax in the two languages. Unlike previous studies in bilingual children’s lexicon (Deuchar and Quay, 2000), this study focuses on the composition of the lexicon in each language to test for language-specific developmental patterns (Gentner and Boroditsky, 2001).The study also compares the development of these two languages in terms of MLU, lexical, morphological and syntactic development. Furthermore, the study examines the relationships between lexical and grammatical development within each of the two languages and tests the Critical Mass Hypothesis (Marchman and Bates, 1994) in a bilingual context. One of the central issues in the field of BFLA, identified by scholars such as DeHouwer (2005) and Meisel (1990a), is to characterise the relationship between the two developing languages of one child. Does a bilingual child initially develop the two languages as one linguistic system that later separates into two as expounded by Volterra and Taeschner (1978), or does a bilingual child develop the two languages separately from the beginning, as represented by De Houwer’s (1990) Separate Development Hypothesis (SDH)? Previous BFLA studies addressing this issue (e.g., De Houwer, 1990; Meisel, 1990a; Mishina, 1997; Paradis and Genesee, 1996) did not have a common point of reference to compare the development of two different languages directly. In the present study, PT provides a common point of reference for a direct comparison of the development of two typologically distant languages. Results indicate that both Japanese and English of the child developed in the sequence predicted by PT. They also support the SDH for lexical development, the acquisition of morphology and word order. The study confirms the Critical Mass Hypothesis in bilingual context. The results from the present study suggest that, for one bilingual child, Japanese and English each developed in parallel but in a separate manner.
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Itani-Adams, Yuki. "One child, two languages bilingual first language acquisition in Japanese and English /." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/28484.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007.<br>A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Humanities and Languages, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Bowling, Christy Stewart. "The Effect of Two Reading Programs on First Grade Students' Reading Fluency." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/851.
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School districts struggle to achieve Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) in reading in first grade. Nine percent of first grade students at the study site were not meeting state performance standards in the area of language arts. Specifically in the area of fluency, 38% of first grade students were not achieving AYP. Because of the close connection between oral fluency and early reading achievement, first grade students need to be more fluent to attain state standards. Based on LaBerge and Samuels theory of automaticity within reading fluency, the purpose of this study was to identify the impact of the Scholastic Guided Reading Program and Harcourt Trophies basal reading program on students reading fluency, as measured by the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills Oral Reading Fluency (DIBELS). Over eight months, the fluency levels of 129 first grade students were assessed three times. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant increase in the DIBELS gain scores between the pretest Fall Y2 Word Fluency (WF) scores in relation to the posttest Winter Y2 Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) scores for those students who received Scholastic Guided Reading instruction. Students who received Harcourt basal reading instruction gain scores showed a slight regression in fluency between the pretest Fall Y2 WF and the posttest Winter Y2 ORF. These results suggest that individual leveled reading instruction increases students' fluency skills. Improving reading fluency early is essential; students who become proficient readers have the ability to contribute and participatee in all areas of societal change.
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Peck, David Raymond. "New teacher experiences in two rural Washington school districts a phenomenological study /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2008/D_Peck_041508.pdf.
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Chumni, Wichai Dossey John A. "Discrete mathematics courses for the first two years of study in Thai universities." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1991. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9219081.
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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1991.<br>Title from title page screen, viewed December 22, 2005. Dissertation Committee: John A. Dossey (chair), Albert D. Otto, Michael J. Plantholt, Lawrence E. Spence, Bill E. Swafford. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-123) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Bergstedt, Mikael. "Theoretical investigation of the first-order hyperpolarizability in the two-photon resonant region." Thesis, Linköping University, The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10290.
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<p>Time-dependent density functional theory calculations have been carried out to determine the complex first-order hyperpolarizability in the two-photon resonance region of the molecule IDS-Cab. Calculations show that three strongly absorbing states, in the ultraviolet region, are separated to the extent that no significant interference of the imaginary parts of the tensor elements of the first-order hyper-polarizability occurs. Consequently, and in contrast to experimental findings [27], no reduced imaginary parts of the first-order hyperpolarizability in the two-photon resonant region can be seen.</p>
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Linder, Daniel Frederick. "Optimal and permissible sampling rates for first-order sampling of two-band signals." Click here to access dissertation, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2008/daniel_f_linder/Linder_Daniel_F_200801_MS.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008.<br>"A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Under the direction of Yan Wu. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36)
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Martin, Geoffrey Glen. "A hybrid model for simulating diffused first reflections in two-dimensional acoustic environments /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37774.
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Although it is widely accepted that the diffusion of early reflections in acoustic spaces intended for music performance greatly improves the perceived quality of sound, current manufacturers of synthetic reverberation engines continue to model reflecting surfaces as having almost perfectly specular characteristics. This dissertation describes a hybrid method of simulating diffusion based on both physical and phenomenological modeling components.<br>In 1979, Manfred Schroeder described a method of designing and constructing diffusing surfaces based on a rather simple mathematical algorithm which provides diffused reflections in predictable frequency bands. This structural device, now known as a "Schroeder diffuser," has become a standard geometry used in constructing diffusive surfaces for spaces intended for music rehearsal, recording and performance. While it is possible to use DSP to model the characteristics of reflections off such a surface, a reflection model based exclusively on a surface constructed of a Schroeder diffuser has proven in informal tests to be as aesthetically inadequate as a perfectly specular model. Control of both the spatial and temporal envelopes of the diffusive reflection are required by an end user in order to tailor the reflection characteristics to the desired impression.<br>In 1974 an empirical model for computing light reflections off objects in a three-dimensional environment was developed by Phong Bui-Toung. This algorithm incorporated both a specular and diffuse component with relationships controlled by an end user.<br>This dissertation describes the adaptation and implementation of the Phong shading algorithm in conjunction with a physical model of components of the Schroeder diffuser for the modeling of diffuse reflections in synthetic acoustic environments. The inclusion of the Phong algorithm provides precise control over the balance between the spectral and diffusive components of the reflection. In addition, directivity functions for sound sources and receivers in the virtual space are described.<br>Analysis and evaluation of the model using mathematical and empirical methodologies are discussed and stereo and multichannel audio examples produced by the system are included.
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Mackinnon, John 1963. "Dynamic simulation of the first two stages of a kraft softwood bleach process." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66188.
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Glover, Robert. "Search for two-photon emission from the first excited O+ State in 72Ge." Thesis, University of York, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487843.
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A new technique to investigate the phenomenon of two-photon emission in atomic nuclei has been developed and an experiment performed at the Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg. The long-lived first excited state in 7²GE was populated by the inelastic scattering of a pulsed neutron flux.
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Esseily, Rana. "Observational learning of new manual skills in the first two years of life." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H106.
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Depuis les premières études de Meltzoff à la fin des années 70, l'imitation a fait l'objet d'un très grand nombre d'études destinées à évaluer l'âge auquel les bébés commencent à imiter des actions simples après observation. Cependant, peu d'études se sont intéressées au rôle de l'observation d'un modèle dans le développement du répertoire moteur. Dans ce travail de thèse nous avons cherché à savoir à quel âge et dans quelles conditions de démonstration les bébés commencent à apprendre par observation de nouvelles habiletés manuelles. Dans une première étude, nous avons testé des bébés âgés entre 8 et 18 mois sur une tâche manuelle nouvelle de prise d'objet. Les résultats ont montré que l'apprentissage par observation était possible dès l'âge de 10 mois, mais que ces capacités augmentent avec l'âge et deviennent significativement fonctionnelles dans la deuxième année de vie. Si l'apprentissage par observation est un moyen efficace de développer le répertoire moteur, il est probable qu'il a joué un rôle dans l'évolution de la cognition. Il est par conséquent intéressant d'examiner l'apprentissage par observation chez les primates non humains. Nous avons comparé les performances d'apprentissage par observation des bébés avec celles de trois macaques sur les mêmes tâches de prise d'objets et en utilisant le même protocole expérimental. Alors que les bébés ont appris par imitation à faire des tâches complexes comme l'utilisation de l'outil par exemple, nous avons observé très peu d'apprentissage par observation chez les macaques et seulement dans le cas de tâches très simples. Les résultats sont concordants avec plusieurs études qui montrent que les primates non humains et en particulier les singes, malgré de très bonnes capacités de manipulation, sont de très mauvais imitateurs. Cependant, alors que l'apprentissage de tâches complexes n'était pas possible par observation d'un adulte humain, une observation nous a amené à faire l'hypothèse qu'un modèle congénère améliorerait les capacités d'apprentissage par observation. Nous avons donc examiné l'influence du contexte social sur les capacités d'apprentissage par imitation chez des enfants humains âgés de 10 mois sur une tâche de manipulation d'objet connue pour être spontanément réussie vers 11 mois. Nous avons testé l'influence du statut du modèle qui démontre l'action ainsi que des indices de communication fournis par celui là. Nous avons enregistré le regard des enfants dans toutes les expériences à l'aide d'un système d'analyse du regard (tobii) pour voir dans quelle mesure la capacité d'apprendre par observation se reflète dans la stratégie de regard sur le modèle. Nous avons d'abord comparé les performances d'apprentissage par imitation des bébés lorsqu'un adulte ou un bébé du même âge démontrait l'action. Dans les expériences suivantes nous avons cherché à tester l'importance du contexte social en variant la quantité d'indices sociaux fournis : dans une condition, le modèle est un adulte dont seules les mains sont visibles ; dans une autre le modèle est un adulte entièrement visible et qui leur adresse la parole avant d'effectuer la démonstration. Enfin, dans une dernière expérience, nous avons présenté aux bébés un modèle réel démontrant l'action. Les résultats montrent que les bébés de 10 mois apprennent par imitation de la même façon d'un modèle bébé que d'un modèle adulte, et d'un modèle vidée que d'un modèle réel. En revanche, les bébés n'apprennent pas par imitation sans réfèrent social, lorsque le visage n'est pas visible. De façon plus étonnante, l'apprentissage par imitation n'a pas été amélioré en présence d'indices sociaux verbaux et a même été retardé. Cependant l'analyse du regard montre que les enfants, bien qu'attirés par le visage, orientent leur attention vers l'objet manipulé en présence d'indices sociaux, ceci d'autant plus qu'ils réussissent à faire la tâche. Les résultats de ces études soutiennent en partie la théorie de la pédagogie naturelle de Gergely et Csibra. Dans un travail futur, nous souhaitons examiner la théorie d'identification de Meltzoff en testant des bébés avec des modèles non humains comme un modèle macaque par exemple<br>Imitation has been widely studied in human infants, with particular attention given to the age at which they begin to imitate simple actions from observing others. Imitative learning of new skills, and its contribution to the development of the infant's motor repertoire, has been investigated much less. The goal of this thesis was to evaluate at what age, and under which modeling conditions, the observation of a model helps infants learn a new skill. In our first experiment, we assessed 8- to 18-month-old infants' observational learning of novel actions. The results showed some change in behavior following observation starting 10 months of age; however, the difference between spontaneous manipulation and manipulation after observation did not reach significance before 15 months of age. Since imitative learning is an important way of acquiring new skills, it may have been involved in the evolution of human cognition, and it is therefore interesting to investigate it in non-human primates. We compared infants' performance with that of three macaques on the same tasks and with the same demonstration protocol. Whereas some infants imitatively learned very complex tasks such as tool use, macaques were only capable of imitating some of the simplest tasks targeted for 8- and 10-month-old infants. These findings are consistent with studies showing that despite their high level of manipulation skills, monkeys are poor imitators. However, while macaques did not learn complex tasks by imitation from a human model, one observation led us to hypothesize that a conspecific model, as opposed to a human model, might enhance observational learning. We then investigated the influence of social context on imitative learning in a series of experiments with 10-month-old infants—the age at which they began to change their behavior after observing a model in our first study. We tested the influence of the status of the model showing the target action, as well as the effect of the amount of social cues provided during modeling. Infants were tested on a task usually performed with success a month later. The infants' gaze direction was tracked in all of these experiments. We first compared imitative learning when either an adult or a peer demonstrated the action on video. In the next experiments, we tested the importance of social context for imitation: we either removed social reference by presenting a model with the face not visible, or we added communicative cues by presenting an adult talking to the infant before the demonstration. Finally, in the last experiment we tested the effect of using video modeling by presenting a live model demonstrating the targe action. The results showed that 10-month-old infants imitatively learned to the same extent from a peer model and an adult model, as well as from a video model and a live model. Imitative learning was not possible in the absence of social reference, but it did not improve, and was even slightly delayed, when the model provided verbal communicative cues. However, eye tracking data showed that, whereas infants were mostly attracted to faces in the absence of communicative cues, their attention was clearly directed toward the object by communicative cues, especially for those infants who succeeded at the task. These results partly support the theory of "natural pedagogy," which holds that communicative cues are important for learning new skills. Future work aims at further investigating the "like me" theory by testing infants' performance with non-human models demonstrating the target action
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McGarry, Theresa M., and Martha M. Michieka. "First Person Plural in Letters to the Editor in Two Post-Colonial Contexts." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5592.
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First person plural in letters to the editor in two post-colonial contexts In writing letters to the editor, speech community members position themselves in a way that simultaneously helps construct both the public discourse on certain issues and the writer’s identity. An important tool in such identity construction in various contexts has been shown to be the first-person plural pronoun. The purpose of this study is to explain writers’ uses of first-person plural pronouns to construct identity in letters to the editor in the 21st-century post-colonial context in a Kenyan and a Sri Lankan newspaper. Assuming a variational pragmatics perspective, we analyze the pronouns to determine the intended reference and the relation to structural features of the letter and assigned responsibility for situational problems and solutions. The results indicate that despite marked variation between the Kenyan and Sri Lankan letters in how explicitly solutions are called for and responsible actors are named, first-person plural pronoun usage exhibits strong similarity. In both datasets, slightly over half the pronouns reference a national identity, which accords with the most prominent topic area by far being government form, policy, and services and the behavior of politicians and government officials. Among the other half, ambiguous reference is the most prominent category. Ambiguous and shifting use can mitigate directness in assigning blame and expectation, thus avoiding the construction of an identity judged unacceptable confrontational by local norms. Moreover, since interpretation of ambiguous language requires more participation from the reader, the assignment of responsibility becomes a more collaborative activity, reinforcing the community membership of the writer.
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Shawkey, Jonnie Kathleen. "A comparison of two first-grade mathematics programs: "Math Their Way" and "Explorations"." Scholarly Commons, 1989. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3225.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two first grade mathematics programs, a literature based language and manipulative approach to mathematics instruction, Explorations, as compared to a manipulative approach, Math Their Way. These two programs use a similar manipulative approach, however, Explorations includes the use of literature and structured language activities.
Procedures: Ninety-eight students were involved in this study. Sixty-seven students received instruction with Explorations and thirty-one with Math Their Way for a period of approximately five months. All students were preand posttested on the Metropolitan Achievement Tests Sixth Edition (MAT Q.) in the areas of listening comprehension, number, problem solving, and computation. In addition, a random sequential sample of thirty-one students was observed and tested on specific problem solving skills and processes by the researcher and an experienced consultant. A quasi-experimental design was used to test three sets of hypotheses. The two approaches to teaching mathematics were compared on the following variables: listening comprehension, numeration, problem solving (operation recognition), computation, problem solving strategies, and problem solving processes.
Findings: Using the analysis of covariance procedures, the Explorations group scored significantly higher, p <. 001 , on the numeration test. This test evaluated numeral recognition and reading, and place value.
Conclusions: Both programs were viewed favorably by teachers and students. On most outcome variables both programs produced comparable results. One ancillary finding of interest indicated that students who were able to verbalize their processing scored significantly higher in the area of computation.
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Lee, Sangwon. "TWO ESSAYS ON PRODUCT DESIGN AND CONSUMER EVALUATIONS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3939.
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This paper is about the central role of product design on consumer evaluations. While the design literature has articulated two different types of design, i.e. form-based design and function-based design (Khalid 2004), most extant marketing literature has mostly focused on the impact of functional design on performance (see Chitturi, Raghunathan, and Mahajan (2007) for a notable exception). In this paper, I examine the individual and joint effects of the two design dimensions: form design and functional design on consumer evaluations of new products. In the first essay, employing theoretical underpinnings from processing fluency theory, I investigate four major research questions. First, all else equal, does form design matter? Second, how does form design interact with functional design? Third, does the interaction between form and functionality change in an innovation context? Specifically, given a certain level of functionality, what type of form is more advantageous for a radically new product (RNP) or an incrementally new product (INP)? Fourth, is there an individual difference in consumer evaluations to innovative products with various form designs? Results from the four experiments conducted demonstrate that (1) more typical form design leads to more positive attitudes toward the product than less typical form design, (2) a more typical design compensates for the average functionality of the product and hence a product with average functionality is evaluated as well as highly functional products in the more typical design condition. In a less typical design condition, a product with high functionality leads to much lower consumer attitudes towards the product, (3) whereas the form design for incremental innovations must be closer to the incumbent products for favorable evaluations, less typical form is evaluated as good as more typical form for radical innovations. (4) Form design of an innovative product matters more to the technologically more sophisticated consumers (experts) than technologically less sophisticated consumers (novices). In the second essay, I examine the issues involved in using form design to nullify first mover advantage. Pioneers or first movers can be defined as the first firm to sell in a new product category. Despite the proliferation of the pioneering advantage research, there are few empirical studies which examined how the product design enables the later entrants to nullify the first mover advantage. Employing theoretical underpinnings from categorization theory, I investigate the following research questions. First, what type of form is more likely to enhance consumer evaluations and nullify first mover advantage when the follower s product is featured with higher or lower functionality? Second, how does form design interact with functional design for the follower s product? Results from the experimental study conducted demonstrate that (1) if the follower s functionality is not superior to the pioneer s, follower had better focus on design differentiation which can compensate for the lower functionality of the follower (2) if the follower s functionality is superior to the pioneer s, follower had better follow the pioneer s design for the better product evaluation. The managerial implication is clear: Form design is a critical determinant of consumer evaluations. Form design helps create and appropriate value for firms.<br>Ph.D.<br>Department of Marketing<br>Business Administration<br>Business Administration PhD
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Stroh, Katie. "Voice prosthesis use in the first two years of recovery status post total laryngectomy." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6497.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains vi, 61 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-45). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Yontay, Petek. "A Two-sided Cusum For First-order Integer-valued Autoregressive Processes Of Poisson Counts." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613385/index.pdf.
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Count data are often encountered in manufacturing and service industries due to ease of data collection. These counts can be useful in process monitoring to detect shifts of a process from an in-control state to various out-of-control states. It is usually assumed that the observations are independent and identically distributed. However, in practice, observations may be autocorrelated and this may adversely affect the performance of the control charts developed under the assumption of independence. In this thesis, the cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart for monitoring autocorrelated processes of counts is investigated. To describe the autocorrelation structure of counts, a Poisson integer-valued autoregressive moving average model of order 1, Poisson INAR(1), is employed. Changes in the process mean in both positive and negative directions are taken into account while designing the CUSUM chart. A trivariate Markov Chain approach is utilized for evaluating the performance of the chart.
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Rice, Daniel G. "Tewahia:ton tipaacimowin, two stories seen intertriballythe first novels of Ruby Slipperjack and Thomas King." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ33437.pdf.
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Kull, Taavi. "Aspects of tempo in the First Symphony of Ludwig van Beethoven in two interpretations." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för komposition, dirigering och musikteori, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-1370.
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This thesis aims to address the subject of tempo as one of the most important components of classical music. The work consists of two parts.The first part is an overview of the aesthetic background and the factors which influence the choice of tempo in the music of the beginning of the 19th Century. It is based mostly on the testimonies of Beethoven and his contemporaries. In addition, I will briefly describe the philosophy of interpreting tempo markings at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th Century. Such generalizations are possible due to the invention of recording technology at the end of the 19th Century. I shall also describe briefly the impact that recording has had on the interpretation of music.In the second, practical part of my work, I shall observe and analyze two different recordings of the first movement of Ludwig van Beethoven's First Symphony. I have chosen two of the most prominent conductors from the latter half of the 20th Century - Herbert von Karajan and Claudio Abbado. I will analyze their tempo choices throughout the chosen movement by measuring them and putting the results in a table together with remarks about the formal structure of the music.I will compare, analyze and comment on the two interpretations of these two important conductors and seek to explore the aesthetics behind their approach to tempo. I will also provide background information: factors that - consciously or subconsciously -seem to have influenced these two artists.<br><p>Bilaga: 1 CD</p>
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Zotwana, Sydney Zanemvula. "Literature between two worlds : the first fifty years of the Xhosa novel and poetry." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18253.
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The main preoccupation in this thesis is to illustrate that, although there is no doubt that the missionaries deserve all the praise that they have been showered with, for their role in the development of Xhosa literature, there is a sense in which they can be said to have contributed as much also to its underdevelopment. It is my view that Xhosa literature has had a very unfortunate history, because of having an origin that is located in the history of Christianization. This history has haunted Xhosa literary creativity from its early beginnings to the present. The success of the mission to convert them to Christianity was anchored on the principle of total alienation of the Xhosa from their world-view: from their culture, from their religion, from their chiefs, from their literary art, and even from their homes. The intention was to turn them into new beings - Christian and loyal subjects of the British Crown - and to make them not only reject, but also despise their past. Therefore Western-style education for the Blacks in South Africa did not come out of any sense of altruism on the part of those by whom it was introduced. It was the interests of its initiators and their country that had to be served by the education of the Blacks. It was in this context that Xhosa literature was born. It was produced to promote the interests of the Christian church and therefore those of the British Crown. Its production was controlled by the missionaries, the owners of the publishing houses, but it was produced by the Christian and literate Xhosa most of whom had studied in mission schools. It was produced to crush the past and any aspirations that were in conflict with those of the Christian church and the British imperial designs. In short, it was a literature against its people. However, the Christian and literate Xhosa was never accepted as the equal of the other British subjects who were White. He was excluded from all law-making mechanisms and was affected by the many Native Laws that were passed, as badly as his non-Christian brothers and sisters. He witnessed land dispossession and all the other atrocities perpetrated by White rulers. His literary art had been harnessed to legitimize and perpetrate this situation and he dared not use his art to change it. It is in the light of this context that this thesis contends that Xhosa literature is between two worlds. It is argued that Xhosa literature, because of the writers' dilemma created by their position between these two conflicting universes, has been forced to be mute in the face of the Black people's experiences of oppression, and therefore to be indifferent to the Black people's struggles to resist colonization and to liberate themselves from this oppression. It is however, pointed out that some works are characterised by the writers' attempts to grapple with this dilemma. Finally this thesis advocates complete liberation of literary artists from state control, indirect though it may be, and also a change in the teaching and analysis of Xhosa literature.
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Thomas-Tate, Shurita. "Comparing two methods of teaching phonological awareness to low-income African American first-graders /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486402544591357.
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Gable, Rachel L. "Pathways to Thriving: First- and Continuing Generation College Student Experiences at Two Elite Universities." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:32663229.
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In this longitudinal interview-based study, I explore the self-assessed preparation, academic experiences, and social experiences of one ninety-one first-generation and thirty-five continuing generation (those with at least one parent a college graduate) students attending Harvard College and Georgetown University between the years of 2012-2016. Through random sampling techniques and iterative interviews, I examine the variation and change over time among first-generation students’ descriptions of their college going experiences and compare these to their continuing generation peers. I identify points of overlap as well as factors that specifically affect first-generation students’ transition into and experiences of college. I argue that a classification of first-generation students attending elite universities as either “privileged” or “disadvantaged” glosses over the nuanced and varied self-assessments of first-generation students themselves. Instead, I propose considering first-generation students’ characteristics and college experiences—especially at highly selective universities—as multiplex, accommodating both privilege and disadvantage, and transitional in both nature and outcome. In short, the first-generation classification is essentially a social category defined by its liminality, not by a durable set of characteristics.
Even though the first-generation experience is complex and varied, there are nonetheless policy and programmatic lessons that administrators can draw to support first-generation and all students as they transition into and proceed through college. This dissertation examines the various pathways to thriving as articulated by first-generation students themselves. In terms of academics, these include academic continuation and academic divergence in a field of study, and academic turnaround versus ongoing academic achievement among first- and continuing-generation students from diverse preparation backgrounds. In terms of social experiences, I explore the tactics of bulwarking, pride work, and assimilation as ways in which first-generation students adopt or eschew the classification as an identity feature in a given social context. Finally, I offer specific policy recommendations to administrators aiming not to see their first-generation students make it through, but to thrive in college and beyond.
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McCormick, Mary Kelly. "A study comparing the literacy growth of two groups of at-risk first graders /." Click for abstract, 1998. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1499.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 1998.<br>Thesis advisor: Patti Lynn O'Brien. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Reading. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-85).
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Tay, Savas. "IR Sensitive Photorefractive Polymers, The First Updateable Holographic 3D Display." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194934.
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This work presents recent advances in the development of infra-red sensitive photorefractive polymers, and updateable near real-time holographic 3D displays based on photorefractive polymers. Theoretical and experimental techniques used for design, fabrication and characterization of photorefractive polymers are outlined. Materials development and technical advances that made possible the use of photorefractive polymers for infra-red free-space optical communications, and 3D holographic displays are presented.Photorefractive polymers are dynamic holographic materials that allow recording of highly efficient reversible holograms. The longest operation wavelength for a photorefractive polymer before this study has been 950nm, far shorter than 1550nm, the wavelength of choice for optical communications and medical imaging. The polymers shown here were sensitized using two-photon absorption, a third order nonlinear effect, beyond the linear absorption spectrum of organic dyes, and reach 40% diffraction efficiency with a 35ms response time at this wavelength. As a consequence of two-photon absorption sensitization they exhibit non-destructive readout, which is an important advantage for applications that require high signal-to-noise ratios.Holographic 3D displays provide highly realistic images without the need for special eyewear, making them valuable tools for applications that require "situational awareness" such as medical, industrial and military imaging. Current commercially available holographic 3D displays employ photopolymers that lack image updating capability, resulting in their restricted use and high cost per 3D image. The holographic 3D display shown here employs photorefractive polymers with nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and fast writing time, hours of image persistence, rapid erasure and large area, a combination of properties that has not been shown before. The 3D display is based on stereography and utilizes world's largest photorefractive devices (4x4 inch in size). It can be recorded within a few minutes, viewed for several hours without the need for refreshing and can be completely erased and updated with new images when desired, thusly comprising the first updateable holographic 3D display with memory, suitable for practical use.
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Miley, Richard P. "An evaluation of the effectiveness of two teaching methods on retention of basic cardiac life support for the lay community /." Connect to online version, 1986. http://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/38838.
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Jensdóttir, Sólrún B. "Anglo-Icelandic relations during the First World War." New York : Garland Pub, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13823571.html.
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Taji, Rana. "The association between two quality of life measures for first time low vision device users." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2975.
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Many individuals with impaired vision experience a decreased quality of life. Quality of life is defined as "the degree to which an individual enjoys the important possibilities of their life. " Vision rehabilitation outcomes primarily focus on the functional impacts of interventions, with less attention being paid to any associated psychosocial impacts. This study examines the relationship between measures of visual function status and psychosocial status in individuals acquiring low vision assistive devices for the first time. One hundred and twenty subjects were evaluated after purchasing their first low vision device from a University-based low vision clinic. The measures used were the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25) and the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scales (PIADS). The NEI-VFQ 25 measures the status of visual function, while PIADS is a device impact measure, which explores the psychosocial impact of devices on three domains: competence, adaptability, and self-esteem. This study determines the strength of association between these two measures at initial and follow-up administrations, and between each subsequent measure as a result of the time interval between administrations, in addition to assessing whether or not a change in stability for the measures occurred over time. Modest strengths of associations were anticipated and the short time interval was not expected to be a factor in change in stability of the measures. The expectation was that subjective reports of functional changes should have a moderate correlation with psychosocial impact.
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Pollitt, Ernesto, and Tomás Caycho. "Motor development as an indicator of child development in the first two years of life." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99600.
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The purpose of this study is to support the notion of the motor area as indicator of integrated child development in children from 3 to 24 months old, for its use in population studies. Knowledge of the objective differences in child development will help identify some of the causes that explain these differences and is relevant to the social programming necessary to prevent or mitigate its consequences in the population.<br>El propósito de este trabajo es fundamentar la selección del área motora en niños/as de 3 a 24 meses de edad como indicador del desarrollo integral infantil para su aplicación en estudios poblacionales. El conocimiento de las diferencias objetivas en el desarrollo infantil entre regiones, departamentos, altura sobre el nivel del mar, etc., ayudará a la identificación de algunas de las causas que explican esas diferencias, lo que se convierte en información relevante para la programación social necesaria para la prevención de esas diferencias o la atenuación de sus consecuencias a nivel poblacional.
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Graham, Yitka Nora Helena. "Exploring patient experiences of adjusting to life in the first two years after bariatric surgery." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2016. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/7161/.
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Bariatric surgery is becoming an increasingly common intervention for the management of adult obesity. Bariatric surgery is usually recommended after a person with obesity has unsuccessfully attempted to lose weight through other methods such as diet and exercise. Surgery offers rapid and sustained weight loss, improves obesity-related illnesses and makes significant changes to a person’s appearance and eating habits. As a result, bariatric surgery has a significant impact on a person’s life, especially everyday social situations, which require a period of adjustment. The aim of this thesis was to explore how people adjust their lives in the first two years following bariatric surgery. Constructivist grounded theory was used to establish mutual reciprocity between participants and myself to illuminate their experiences, whilst acknowledging my position as researcher at all times. Symbolic interactionism allowed an in-depth exploration of the meanings and actions of the participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants who had undergone bariatric surgery at City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust within two years of the time of interview. Eighteen participants were interviewed between January 2014 and April 2015. The findings showed that participants conceptualised the adjustment process as underpinned by risk. Many of these risks were centred on social situations and encounters and participants’ attitudes towards risk and the meaning of risk underpinned their subsequent actions. The risk attitudes were underpinned by the meanings and actions of how participants handled social interactions as a result of learning to live with new ways of eating, a changed physical appearance and social interactions. Three risk attitude profiles were constructed from the data: Risk Accepters, Risk Contenders and Risk Challengers. The act of choosing whether to disclose having bariatric surgery was particularly meaningful to the participants and highlighted a theme of feeling judged by others, which many participants sought to avoid. The findings also showed that participants felt that the social aspects of life after bariatric surgery were not widely understood by the public and healthcare professionals. This theory is a co-construction between the participants and me. As rates of bariatric surgery increase, understanding patients’ experiences of adjusting to life after bariatric surgery will assist patients to prepare for post-surgical life and healthcare practitioners to further support patients during this time.
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Behrens, Gerd. "The other two Houses : the first five years of the Houses of Representatives and Delegates." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15830.
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Bibliography: pages 353-378.<br>Defying widespread predictions, the tricameral Parliament not only continues to function but, after five years, has become an integral part of the political realities in South Africa. This thesis is concerned with an assessment of the dynamics of the new dispensation in general and the role played by the Houses of Representatives and Delegates in particular. It evaluates the implications of the new dispensation for the government, participants in government created, racially segregated bodies and the extra-Parliamentary opposition. In addition, it synthesizes empirical data and theory by applying concepts of ethnicity and by reviewing the tricameral system in the light of the theoretical discussions on consociation and "control". The general elections of September 1989 have been used as a cut-off point for this study because the poll amongst Coloureds and Indians provides an opportunity to observe the effects of the performance of the "other" two Houses. Although it is too early for an exhaustive evaluation of the tricameral system, three preliminary conclusions can be drawn. Firstly, despite its failure to gain legitimacy in wider circles, the new dispensation proved to be a qualified success for the government, particularly in so far as it has managed to involve Coloured and Indian participants in the administration of their "own" affairs. Secondly, after an acquiescent start the two new chambers began to utilize the not inconsiderable potential innate to the Constitution of 1983 but failed to bridge the gulf separating them from the mainstream of black opposition. Thirdly, events in and more significantly outside Parliament, seriously undermined the success of the boycott strategy employed by the extra-Parliamentary opposition. While conducting research into apartheid institutions it has become necessary to use official terminology, for example, whites, Coloureds, Indians, Africans. It goes without saying that this does not imply any measure of acceptance of government policy. The methodology of the study is outlined in a brief appendix.