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NETKHUNAKORN, CHANATTAPORN. "Thailand’s hedging strategy under the strategic competition between China and the United States". Berumpun: International Journal of Social, Politics, and Humanities 7, n.º 1 (21 de maio de 2024): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/berumpun.v7i1.122.
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Thailand's foreign policy stance has shifted dramatically since the Prayuth regime staged a coup in 2014. The purpose of this study: 1) Complement and expand on the theoretical meaning of hedging strategy. 2) It can theoretically support Thailand in the face of strategic conflict between China and the United States. 3) Be aware of why Thailand implements a hedging strategy and know the specific performance of Thailand’s hedging strategy. 4) It will aid in the growth of Thailand's connections with the two big countries. 5) This article can provide certain reference for research related to Thailand’s diplomatic strategy. The method of this study adopts content documentary analysis, case analysis method, literature research and historical method. According to the findings of this study, Thailand has begun to tilt more toward requesting assistance from China in Prayuth goverment. Many researchers are concerned about Thailand's neutrality. However, Thailand has not yet vanished from the United States. Just a few steps removed from the Obama and Trump administrations. Thailand has begun to rebuild its old friendship with America as the Joe Biden era looms. But anyway Thailand cannot choose a side. Because Thailand is a reliable ally on both sides. This has caused the Prayut government to seek cooperation from other organizations and countries, including Japan, India, and ASEAN. Thailand has accelerated the development of economic links with Japan. Accelerate the political development of relations with India. and establishing ties with ASEAN and Southeastern countries in order to find a way for small countries to maintain their own interests as much as possible in the fight between the two superpowers. Although hedging techniques are currently the preferred option for smaller countries, the variables driving this strategy differ. In Thailand, the majority of the factors that influence hedging tactics originate within the country. But all bordering countries are influenced by foreign causes. As a result, Thailand has become another special case of hedging among ASEAN countries.
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Choi, Chaem. "Human Capital Becomes An Important Component In The Performance Of The Islamic Bank Of Thailand". Tamansiswa Management Journal International 4, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2022): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54204/tmji/vol412022009.
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We will investigating some function by human capital at performance by Islamic Bank of Thailand.We collect secondary funds from the annual reports of the Thailand’s Islamic Bank. Our investigation using an employee education and training investments data collection from the Thailand’s Bank and Thailand’s Islamic Bank, the Thailand’s Islamic Bank made and reported on employee health investments. and Thailand’s Bank, and an execution by the Thailand’s Islamic Bank and Bank of Thailand. During the time, start from 2006 until 2021. The data that we use are time series also; we make calculation from country by country for comparison also for conclusions derived from our research. Determining some direction from the influence of health investment, education investment, and the performances bythe Islamic Bank of Thailand. We used vector autoregressive analysis. We found that investment in employee health and education in the Islamic Bank of Thailand having some impact to performance of the Thailand’s Islamic Bank and conversely a performance the Thailand’s Islamic having a major beneficial influence as well to investment to human capital to the Thailand’s Islamic Bank with an indication of a positive causal relationship between the performance of Thailand's Islamic Bank by investing in employee health and education in the Islamic Bank of Thailand.
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Ehambaranathan, Eswaranathan, Shagesheela Murugasu e Mark Hall. "The Effect of Thailand’s Subcultures on Other Southeast Asia States’ Countercultures". Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences 6, n.º 3 (28 de agosto de 2023): 108–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/jarss.v6i3.1079.
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Southeast Asia (SEA) is geographically divided into two sub-regions, mainland and insular. This region consists of 11 states that consistently oppose social liberal changes and uphold traditional values. Conservatism in politics, economy and society, including the legal realm, is always favoured in this region. However, recent developments in Thailand could test the conservative beliefs and practices in this region. In June 2022, Thailand decriminalised the cultivation and consumption of cannabis. This new law allows people in Thailand to consume marijuana edibles, marijuana-infused drinks and use marijuana for medical purposes. This is not the first time Thailand has liberalised its laws. For example, unlike other SEA countries, Thailand does not regulate the use clothing in private spaces; therefore, there has been a significant increase in the number of clothing-optional resorts in Thailand over recent years. Meanwhile, in 2015, Thailand became the first SEA country to recognise and protect the rights of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) individuals. Such laws and tolerance have now become part of Thailand's practices and subculture but remain taboo in other SEA states. Hence, this research has investigated the impact of developments in Thailand’s subculture on the SEA sub-regions, with a particular focus on cannabis law reform. Therefore, this research addresses the primary research question: in the context of ‘weed tourism’, could Thailand's recent cannabis culture impact other Southeast Asian countries? Due to the infancy of this research, a qualitative and digital ethnographical research method was chosen. The thematic analysis was adopted from the secondary government-published data by eliciting key themes. The findings revealed that weed tourism activities would encourage the people in this region to understand, respect, or even practice Thailand's subculture themselves. The mainland states may tend to accept and observe Thailand's cannabis subculture in their states. However, the insular states will not accept such subcultures and will always consider such activities as countercultural.
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Mania. "Perkembangan Sosial Islam di Thailand". AL MA'ARIEF : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial dan Budaya 1, n.º 1 (21 de julho de 2019): 80–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35905/almaarief.v1i1.783.
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Thailand merupakan salah satu Negara di wilayah di Asia Tenggara yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Budha. Tetapi didalam Thailan terdapad provinsi yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam yaitu di Thailand Selatan. Tepatnya di Pattani dan beberapa provinsi lainnya.
Islam masuk di Thailand dengan cara perdagangan oleh orang-orang Arab. Buktinya lukisan kuno yang menggambarkan bangsa Arab di Ayuthaya, sebuah daerah di Thailand dan juga keberhasilan bangsa Arab dalam mendirikan Daulah Islamiyah. Meskipun Islam merupakan agama yang minoritaas di Thailand tetapi Islam mempunyai lembaga yang berpengaruh di Thailand yaitu Patani United Liberation Organization (PULO).
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Herman, Nash. "Thailand’s Trade Policies: Short Review of Successes and Shortcomings". International Review of Business and Economics 5, n.º 1 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2021.5.1.1.
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While Thailand is often considered a bastion of free trade, the Southeast Asian country has deployed a multitude of different policies that has led to Thailand’s current economic success. Thailand has generally always sought to be a modern, liberal country. Before the Asian Financial Crisis of the 1990’s Thailand saw unprecedented economic growth before the crisis and has since focused on even more liberalization measures. The paper aims to explore some of the different parts of economic theory that Thailand has implemented (both liberal and protectionist), in order to explain some of Thailand’s economic success and some possible shortcomings. The first section of the paper explores various parts of economic theory such as different obstructions to free trade and Standard Trade theory. The next part of the paper applies these concepts to Thailand to see how the country implements these theories and policies. Major protectionist policies that Thailand follows are tariffs and resistance to international IPRs. Another critical aspect that is discussed for Thailand’s economic success is the gravity model. The research concludes that while some protectionist policies have certainly helped Thailand in the short term, their desire to continue liberalizing will help the country in the long run.
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Galan Prakoso, Septyanto. "The Path of Military Power Interference in the Politics of Thailand". Global South Review 1, n.º 1 (9 de outubro de 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.28822.
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Military element is undoubtedly important in order to protect a country's sovereignty. However, sometimes the functional aspect of military power can be biased, as military personnel also included in the political affairs. In some country this phenomenon happened, when military element through its personnel can become a part of government/bureaucratic mechanism. Tension is possible to rise between civil and military itself. In Thailand, military power can meddle in the country's politics through coup, even though it only runs the role to observe at first. The coup has happened for years in Thailand's modern history, noticeably started since 1932 after the revolution. Since then, military power always able to interfere Thailand’s political affairs and cause the fall and change of the government. Recently, the same things happened in May 7th, 2014 when Thai military launched a coup towards Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra's government, and ended her spell as prime minister since August 5th, 2011. Therefore, in order to deeply explore Thailand's military's activity in meddling inside the politics, this journal will try to trackback through Thailand's history and discover the reasons and factors which influenced military power's interference in Thailand politics.
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Chaiyamart, Pattaraphongpan. "The Importance of Socio-Economic Primary and Secondary Images for Thailand’s Tourism: A Case Study of Swedish Tourists". International Journal of Social Science Studies 9, n.º 3 (24 de março de 2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v9i3.5166.
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Swedish tourists constitute one of the most important markets for Thailand’s tourism industry. On average, Swedish tourists stay in Thailand 9 days and spend 101 euros per day. Their image of Thailand plays a significant role in deciding to visit or revisit Thailand. The socio-economic primary image consists of five factors: safety and security, feeling at home during their visit to Thailand, money value, the trip exceeding their expectation, and the ease of making trip arrangements. These are crucial factors that determine the level of satisfaction tourists experience during their trip. These factors also help determine whether the tourists visit Thailand again in the future.
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Nurul, Intan, Ola Sagita, Wulan Permatasari, Claudia Tivanny e Herli Antoni. "UPAYA THAILAND DALAM MENGATASI PROSTITUSI SEBAGAI TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG (HUMAN TRAFFICKING) MELALUI KERJA SAMA INTERNASIONAL". Ilmu Hukum Prima (IHP) 6, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2023): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.34012/jihp.v6i1.3536.
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Thailand is a country located in Southeast Asia. 60% of Thailand's income comes from tourist attractions, but nature tourism is a world concern apart from good tourism. However, Thailand is one of the countries known as a place for prostitution which is common in life, so the Thai government seeks to form organizations that aim to suppress or eradicate prostitution through a form of cooperation in the activities carried out by UNIAP including rehabilitation, identification, legal assistance, health assistance, and reintegration. In addition, Thailand also requested assistance from UNICEF as a form of Thailand's efforts to eradicate prostitution and sexual crimes against children. The purpose of this study is to reveal the phenomenon of prostitution in Thailand seen from the characteristics of prostitution places, characteristics of perpetrators and victims, and the mechanism of prostitution that occurs. to become the guiding principle in the implementation of various fields of public life that can regulate order and justice, especially to reveal the reality that occurs in cases of prostitution in Thailand.
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Ockey, James. "Thailand in 2020". Asian Survey 61, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2021.61.1.115.
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In 2020, attention in Thailand focused on the pandemic and on political protest. After some early missteps Thailand managed the pandemic well, eliminating community transmission with a strong curfew, essentially a lockdown, and effective tracking and tracing. Yet the economic impact on Thailand’s tourism-dependent economy will continue into 2021. The pandemic interrupted student-led protests against a regime they considered undemocratic, in the wake of the dissolution of the opposition Future Forward Party. After the pandemic was brought under control, the demonstrations resumed, with students demanding constitutional amendments (already under consideration by the parliament), the resignation of the prime minister, and the dissolution of parliament. They added unprecedented calls for reform of Thailand’s monarchy. Students argued that reforms designed to fully remove the monarchy from politics would increase respect for the institution. But there were concerns that violence between students and royalists or security forces might ensue.
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Wu, Bingyang, e Ming-Hsun Hsieh. "CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES TO THAILANDS ECONOMIC AND TRADE DEVELOPMENT UNDER CHINAS BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE". International Journal of Advanced Research 11, n.º 06 (30 de junho de 2023): 1243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17186.
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As an important node country of the the Belt and Road, Thailand has natural geographical location advantages, natural resources advantages and trade complementary advantages. This research takes Thailand as the research object. Through studying the related concepts and basic theories of the the Belt and Road, it focuses on analyzing the strategic design, development goals, planning direction and other issues of the the Belt and Road, and takes this as the theoretical research basis to analyze the current situation of China-Thailand economic and trade, and link the the Belt and Road initiative with Thailands economic and trade development.
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Singvejsakul, Jittima, Yaovarate Chaovanapoonphol e Budsara Limnirankul. "Modeling the Price Volatility of Cassava Chips in Thailand: Evidence from Bayesian GARCH-X Estimates". Economies 9, n.º 3 (17 de setembro de 2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9030132.
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Thailand is a significant global exporter of cassava, of which cassava chips are the main export products. Moreover, China was the most important export market for Thailand from 2000 to 2020. However, during that period, Thailand confronted fluctuations in the cassava product price, and cassava chips were a product with significant price volatility, adapting to changes in export volumes. This study aims to analyze the volatility of the price of cassava chips in Thailand from 2010 to 2020. The data were collected monthly from 2010 to 2020, including the price of cassava chips in Thailand (Y), the volume of cassava China imported from Thailand (X1), the price of the cassava chips that China imported from Thailand (X2), the price of the cassava starch that China imported from Thailand (X3), the substitute crop price for maize (X4), the substitute crop price for wheat (X5), and Thailand’s cassava product export volume (X6). The volatility and the factors affecting the volatility in the price of cassava chips were calculated using Bayesian GARCH-X. The results indicate that the increase in X1, X2, X3, X4, and X6 led to an increase in the rate of change in cassava chip price volatility. On the other hand, if the substitute crop price for wheat (X5) increases, then the rate of change in the volatility of the cassava chip price decreases. Therefore, the government’s formulation of an appropriate cassava policy should take volatility and the factors affecting price volatility into account. Additionally, the government’s formulation of agricultural policy needs to consider Thailand’s macro-environmental factors and its key trading partners, especially when these environmental factors signal changes in the price volatility of cassava.
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Panawong, Jirapong, Nattapong Kaewboonma, Wirapong Chansanam, Thepchai Supnithi e Marut Buranarach. "Building an Ontology of Flora of Thailand for Developing Semantic Electronic Dictionary". Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (25 de dezembro de 2018): 1024–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1024.1032.
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Thailand is one of the tropical countries teeming with diverse flora and vegetation. The diverse vascular plants of Thailand with estimated number of no less than 10,000 species, have been recorded and published in continuation in the Flora of Thailand since 1970. Domain ontologies express conceptualization that are specific for particular domain and greatly useful in knowledge acquisition, sharing and analysis. In this paper, we propose a Thailand’s Flora Ontology (TFO) for developing semantic dictionary on the web to discover the flora knowledge for plant biologists across all disciplines of botany. A mixed methods was applied in organizing of the specification of conceptualizations on flora of Thailand using the domain analytic approach in order for developing an ontology. The TFO has been constructed by using HOZO ontology editor. The research methods included 1) Domain analysis for knowledge organization. 2) Ontology development. The results of classification of Thailand’s Flora based on concise encyclopedia of plants in Thailand, floral characteristics and area of distribution can be divided into 8 concepts including Plant_Information, Plant_Family, Plant_Genus, Plant_Habitat, Botany_Habit, Uses, Medicinal_Properties, and Floristic_Regions. In the next step, semantic electronic dictionary will be developed by using the TFO from this study.
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Vo The, Anh, e Duc Vo Hong. "Trade Balance and Exchange Rate in Thailand & the Implications for Vietnam: An Application using Instrumental Variable and the Heterogeneous Panel Cointegration Methods". Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies 23, n.º 01 (1 de janeiro de 2016): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24311/jabes/2016.23.1.04.
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This study aims to investigate the link of trade balance and exchange rate for the case of Thailand in different aspects by initially attempting to examine what factors determine the trade balance in Thailand and then to test the long-run relationship between the exchange rate and Thailand’s trade balance. The empirical findings indicate that the exchange rate and relative growth rate of income play central roles in explaining Thailand’s trade balance, and fiscal and monetary policies are beneficial in some cases. Additionally, panel fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) estimations illustrate that a devaluation of Thailand Baht offers a significantly positive improvement on its trade balance in the long run, especially for the groups of countries with upper middle and high income in America and Europe. Individual FMOLS regressions of Thailand’s trade balance and each of its 62 trading partners suggest that a devaluation of Thailand’s currency would stimulate Thailand’s trade performance with over 20 trading partners, but hurt its performance with the other 10 countries and be inconclusive to the others.
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Darnilawati, Darnilawati, Rindi Lustari e Alchudri Alchudri. "STRATEGI PEMASARAN BIBIT KURMA THAILAND DI KOTA PEKANBARU". Jurnal Daya Saing 9, n.º 3 (29 de dezembro de 2023): 855–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35446/dayasaing.v9i3.1122.
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Buah kurma adalah buah yang kaya vitamin, mineral dan serat yang banyak mengandung manfaat bagi kesehatan. Saat ini buah kurma sangat digemari oleh masyarakat karena selain memiliki kandungan vitamin juga kita mendapatkan sunnah dalam mengkonsumsi buah kurma yang merupakan buah kesukaan Nabi Muhammad saw. Masyarakat Kota Pekanbaru belum banyak yang mengenal dan mengembangkan budi daya bibit kurma Thailan ini. Maka menjadi tantangan bagi pengusaha bibit kurma Thailand dalam memasarkannya agar masyarakat dapat lebih mengenal dan tertarik dalam membudidayakan buah kurma di Pekanbaru, untuk itu maka perlu adanya strategi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh pengusaha bibit kurma Thailand kepada masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran bibit kurma Thailand dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat pemasaran bibit kurma Thailand di Kota Pekanbaru. Adapun yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pengusaha bibit kurma Thailand sebanyak 10 responden. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan kemudian data dianalisa untuk diambil kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian tentang strategi pemasaran yang dilakukan pengusaha bibit kurma Thailand di Kota Pekanbaru yang terdiri dari aspek produk, promosi, harga dan distribusi pemasaran menunjukkan bahwa strategi pemasaran bibit kurma Thailand yang dilakukan masih belum maksimal dikarenakan adanya keterbatasan dari pengusaha dalam mempromosikan produk dan kondisi ekonomi masyarakat yang masih belum stabil. Adapun faktor-faktor pendukungnya antara lain bibit kurma Thailand selalu tersedia, harga yang ditawarkan bervariasi dan belum banyaknya persaingan dalam usaha penjualan bibit kurma Thailand di Kota Pekanbaru. sedangkan faktor penghambat dari pemasaran bibit kurma Thailand ini adalah kurangnya promosi dalam memasarkan produk secara online dan minimnya pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap budidaya bibit kurma Thailand.
Kata Kunci : Strategi Pemasaran, Persaingan, Promosi
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Assavavipapan, Krirkchai, e Sathaporn Opasanon. "Thailand transportation infrastructure performance and the economics". Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 28, n.º 5 (14 de novembro de 2016): 923–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-09-2015-0145.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the performance of transportation infrastructure of Thailand. A set of performance indicators of Thailand’s transportation infrastructure is proposed and gathered. The relationship between existing transportation infrastructure performance and Thailand’s economy is investigated. Design/methodology/approach The framework for determining Transportation Infrastructure Performance Index (TPI), proposed by the US Chamber of Commerce, is adapted for assessing the efficiency of Thailand’s transportation infrastructure. The analytical hierarchy process is employed in the process of constructing Thailand TPI. The relationship between TPI and Thailand’s economic growth is examined using multiple regression analysis. Findings The performance of Thailand’s transportation infrastructure had been continuously increased from 19.69 in 2005 to 61.52 in 2010. Great emphasis on improvement of the transportation infrastructure system should be placed as an increase in one unit of TPI results in the improvement by Baht449.420 of Thailand’s GDP per capita. Research limitations/implications The most critical issue arisen in the data collection process is the unavailability of data for some indicators in the TPI framework. Consequently, some indicators that contain insufficient data were excluded. Practical implications The proposed set of indicators is practical and instrumental in assessing the transportation infrastructure performance of Thailand, and investigating its relationship with the economy. Originality/value This research proposes a framework for quantifying the performance of transportation infrastructure, and develops the first national composite index to account for the overall performance.
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Nur, Utami, e Achmad Nurmandi. "Examining the Impact of E-Government Development Index (EGDI) and Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI): A Comparative Study of Thailand and The Six Selected ASEAN Countries". Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 15, n.º 1 (18 de abril de 2024): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/politika.15.1.2024.135-160.
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The purpose of this research is to analyze how the comparison between Thailand and the six selected ASEAN countries in this study, namely Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines. This study will analyze the data further using Google Data Studio which is correlated between two indicators, namely the World Governance Indicator (WGI) and the E-Government Development Index (EGDI). Based on the six indicators of the World Governance Indicator (WGI), it can be concluded that on the Voice and Accountability indicator, Thailand scored 82.53 because the freedom of expression in Thailand is still not completely free. On the indicator of Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism Thailand itself experienced several acts of terror in its country. In the Government Effectiveness indicator, Thailand's Government has implemented good regulatory practices and is committed to improving the quality of regulations. On the Regulatory Quality indicator, Thailand has been working to accelerate reforms for three years to set a solid foundation for sustainable regulatory policy intervention.
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Onyusheva, Irina V., Patthamaphon Chompuprapet, Thawarat Panusokul e Preeyaporn Lekwatthanarot. "THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ECONOMY OF THAILAND". EUrASEANs: journal on global socio-economic dynamics, n.º 2(33) (31 de março de 2022): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35678/2539-5645.2(33).2022.66-71.
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Thailand has been one of Asia’s worst-hit economies by the coronavirus in 2020. In terms of government actions, as a second wave strikes, the government is trying to avoid the economic damage of a full lockdown, finding the ways of fast economic recovery.
The present status of Thailand's economy is examined in this study, which considers GDP and its components such as consumption, investment, government expenditure, exports, and imports. Paper detected Thailand’s advantages and disadvantages based on conducting the comparative analysis of existing patterns of macroeconomic development, and socio-political aspects. It has been suggested the possible solutions and recommendations on how to improve the current economic state of the country.
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Kamnuansilpa, Peerasit, Andrey Timofeev, Grichawat Lowatcharin e Sirisak Laochankham. "A Centrally Driven Place-Based Economic Development Strategy: A Local Perspective of Thailand’s Eastern Economic Corridor". International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, n.º 2 (14 de outubro de 2023): 1868–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.2700.
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We contrast place-based economic development strategies (PBEDS) in Thailand and in economically advanced countries. Through government initiatives, PBEDS focuses on improving economically underdeveloped areas' economic conditions. Thailand's PBEDS began in 1959 to develop the impoverished Northeast region, focusing on agricultural improvements. Since 1970, infrastructure and industrial development zones have been the main strategies to attract foreign investment for export-oriented growth. In economically advanced countries, the primary purpose of PBEDS is to reduce regional economic disparity. However, as they are implemented in Thailand, they increase regional inequality as development is concentrated in and around Bangkok. Thailand's latest PBEDS is the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) project in three eastern provinces. The national government oversaw the EEC and granted the EEC Office special powers to streamline investment approvals, although local governments have no formal role. We contrast Thailand's top-down PBEDS with approaches in other countries that emphasize local decision-making and leveraging regional assets. Thailand's policies focus on national growth, while international evidence suggests that locally-led PBEDS more effectively address regional disparities and increase national output. Thailand should empower local governments, coordinate with them, and invest in poorer regions. At the same time, the EEC may promote growth, but its centralized approach risks misaligning with local needs. A balanced strategy accounting for local contexts could better lift Thailand economically.
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McCargo, Duncan. "Thailand in 2016". Asian Survey 57, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2017): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2017.57.1.150.
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Events in Thailand during 2016 were overshadowed by the death of long-reigning King Bhumibol Adulyadej on October 13, and the entire nation’s mourning. Despite the popular approval of a new constitution in August 2016, Thailand’s military regime showed no sign of relinquishing power during this time of considerable national anxiety.
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Van Chuong, Dang. "The Chakri Dynasty’s “Open Door” Policy in Nineteenth Century: The Background of International Intergration Of the Modern Thailand". KnE Social Sciences 1, n.º 3 (13 de abril de 2017): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v1i3.762.
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<p>In order to protect Thailand’s independence and sovereignty under the strong pressures of the western powerful nations, Kings of the early Chakri dynasty had the determination to conduct a change from “close door” policy to “open door” policy. It was conducted under the reigns of King Rama IV and Rama V in the middle of nineteenth century. This was not only a new policy but it also became its pioneer in Asia. This “open door” policy was not only to protect Thailand’s independence but also to develop its economy and society. On the basis of economy and society reforms, Thailand government had implemented the reforms on the politics: turning absolute monarchy into constitutional monarchy. All this helped Thailand to hold a new position in the international relations. Thailand became a nation which had equal position with other nations. It allowed Thailand to integrate with international community, and became a nation which had the first position in the Southeast Asia in the first half of the twentieth.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: <em>“Open door” policy, “Close door” policy, Chakri dynasty, Independence, reform, diplomat, Thailand</em><em></em></p>
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Sussangkarn, Chalongphob, e Deunden Nikomborirak. "Thailand: Post-Crisis Rebalancing". Asian Economic Papers 11, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2012): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00113.
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Since the Asian financial crisis in 1997, Thailand has become highly dependent on exports as the main engine of economic growth. In 2008, the ratio of export to GDP was about 76.5 percent. The global economic crisis triggered by the sub-prime loans debacle in the United States has prompted Thailand to rethink its high dependence on export. This paper examines the options for external and internal economic rebalancing strategies for Thailand. External rebalancing will require Thailand to rely more on regional markets and less on the Western markets for its exports. The paper examines the possibility of promoting greater intra-regional trade and Thailand's regional trade strategies. As for internal rebalancing, the paper emphasizes the need to boost domestic public and private investment in terms of both quantity and quality to narrow the current saving–investment gap, bearing in mind the need to ensure fiscal sustainability. Finally, the paper examines broader rebalancing strategies that will help Thailand to become less dependent on exports. These include the need to (1) improve productivity; (2) increase economic efficiency; (3) deepen the production structure and create new dynamic industries; and (4) generate new growth poles.
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Ermansyah. "MENGEMBANGKAN SEKTOR MICE INDUSTRY SEBAGAI SALAH SATU LANGKAH KONKRET THAILAND DALAM MENGHADAPI ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY 2015". Jurnal Khazanah Ulum Ekonomi Syariah (JKUES) 1, n.º 2 (7 de setembro de 2017): 35–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.56184/jkues.v1i2.7.
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MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) industry or can be interpreted as the services that mixing among trade, transportation, finance and tourism sectors. Like the other ASEAN members, Thailand has great opportunities to develop their MICE industry. Thailand’s effort is to show their capability in MICE industry better than ASEAN member do, to grow the investment as the concrete step toward AEC in 2015. The hope that many exhibition (part of MICE industry) Convention and another MICE activities in Asia concentrated in Thailand. As a result, Thailand had made a remarkable strategies, it’s begin with making the committee to handle the MICE industry sector, The Thailand Convention & Exhibition Bureau (TCEB), and their target is to achieve 100% MICE industry in 2016.
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Supachart, Wannakomol. "The Review Analysis of China’s Economic Growth and the Correlations with Thailand’s Economy". Business, Management and Economics Research, n.º 56 (15 de junho de 2019): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/bmer.56.86.97.
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This article was aimed to study the environment and the co-movement of China’s economic growth together with Thailand under economic and macro-finance dimensions by collecting information from academic literatures, global organization reports, and historical data from opened source database such as World Bank, United Nations, International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other relatives. The study found that China’s and Thailand’s economic activities are related particularly in term of trade but the low investment. In fact, services industry has replaced industrial manufacture to be the influent factor on gross domestic product (GDP) in both two countries. Moreover, enhancing to promote world- class capital markets and financial system development in China has drawn attraction from Thailand investors to invest more than a half of Thailand’s direct investment funds in financial firms and activities in China in 2017. In the conclusion, Thailand’s economic growth is still relied on China’s demand for raw materials according to goods and products they have exported to China. The suggestion for Thailand is to create their own technology like China’s development model in order to produce valuable goods and services productivity. And for both countries, China and Thailand should also have to focus on income distribution through other areas outside the city under the principal of economic development to improve the welfare of the population.
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Harrison, Rachel V. "Literature, Theory, and the Politics of Criticism in Contemporary Thailand". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 126, n.º 3 (maio de 2011): 658–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2011.126.3.658.
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In the aftermath of Britain's Nuptial Extravaganza celebrating the Union of Prince William and Kate Middleton, comparisons between that event and the profile of the monarchy in Thailand have emerged. Occupying a central and highly visible position in the public domain, Thailand's King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX, r. 1946–present) is widely held in great esteem. Yet the silencing of republican sentiment in the run-up to the royal wedding in London echoes the measures deployed with increasing regularity and rigor in Thailand under article 112 of the country's penal code, a law against lèse-majesté that effectively suppresses all open criticism of the Thai monarchy. In 2009 an all-time high of 164 lèse-majesté cases were tried in Thailand's Court of First Instance (“Article 112”). The Thai historian and public intellectual Somsak Jeamteerasakul, among others, has argued that these measures create a climate of fear around the discussion of the place and role of the monarchy in contemporary Thailand. This climate also has a bearing on the production and study of literature, on literary analysis, and on approaches to literary and cultural theory in Thailand.
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Husin, Ahmad Zainudin. "Krisis Pelarian dalam Hubungan Vietnam Utara dengan Thailand, 1954-1975". SEJARAH 31, n.º 2 (15 de dezembro de 2022): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol31no2.6.
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This article aims to analyse the issues following the presence of Vietnamese refugees in Thailand during the War (1954–1975). The focus of the analysis is on Thailand’s attitude towards Vietnamese refugees as well as the steps taken to return the refugees to Vietnam. This research uses qualitative methods, particularly document analysis, emphasising the use of British official government documents, newspapers that were published in South Vietnam and Thailand, books, and scientific articles. The findings of this study show that the presence of Vietnamese refugees during the Vietnam War created restlessness among the leaders and people of Thailand. Apart from security issues, their presence also invites social problems in Thailand. At the time, the refugee repatriation effort was carried out successfully. Still, it was thwarted by the presence of a second more enormous wave following the failure of South Vietnam to defend its country. This caused the issue to continue until the 1990s, despite Thailand’s involvement in helping the United States army defend South Vietnam during the Vietnam War 1964-1975, efforts to resolve the refugee issue are still overshadowed by the country’s cold relationship with Vietnam.
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Porath, Nathan. "The terrorist insurgency in the South of Thailand". Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 167, n.º 1 (2011): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003604.
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Cuyvers, Ludo, Ermie Steenkamp, Wilma Viviers, Riaan Rossouw e Martin Cameron. "Identifying Thailand’s high-potential export opportunities in ASEAN+3 countries". Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 16, n.º 1 (20 de março de 2017): 2–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-09-2016-0019.
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Purpose This paper aims to identify Thailand’s realistic export opportunities (REOs) in the ASEAN+3 countries (i.e. ASEAN, Greater China, Japan and South Korea), which together constitute an economically dynamic region and a strategic export destination for Thailand. Furthermore, the paper seeks to determine the extent to which Thailand already has a share in ASEAN+3 countries and where new opportunities lie. This allows the formulation of appropriate export promotion strategies for Thailand. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is a decision support model (DSM) which uses an extensive data-filtering system to systematically screen and eliminate less-promising product–country combinations to ultimately reveal high-potential REOs. Product–country combinations are screened on the basis of country risk; macro-economic country performance; market potential in terms of import growth and import market size; and market access conditions, including market concentration and the existence of trade barriers. The thus narrowed-down REOs are categorised according to Thailand’s relative market share in, and the characteristics of, the identified import markets. Findings The study reveals that the ASEAN+3 countries account for about 40 per cent of the total potential export value of Thailand’s REOs in the world, with China leading the way (12.45 per cent), followed by Japan (8.56 per cent) and South Korea (6.23 per cent). However, Thailand has a relatively small or intermediately small market share in the majority of these REOs, pointing to the need for more offensive and exploratory export promotion strategies. Research limitations/implications The ASEAN+3 countries – given that they are an abundant source of REOs for Thailand and are in Thailand’s “backyard” – should receive more focused attention and resources in government export promotion efforts. The recent launch of the ASEAN Economic Community and the proposed establishment of an East Asia Free Trade Area lend weight to the idea of Thailand adopting a strong regional focus in its export activities. Practical implications The insights derived from the study are valuable for export promotion officials, industry representatives and practising exporters alike, as they constitute an easy-to-digest snapshot of high-potential REOs for Thailand in the ASEAN+3 region. This makes for more efficient planning and prioritising of export development activities, and a more streamlined approach to resource allocation. Originality/value Export promotion shows diminishing returns and requires sustainable strategies and interventions. The value in this paper lies in its description of an innovative market selection tool, the DSM, which is able to process and filter high volumes of information and arrive at a shortlist of high-potential REOs for Thailand in the ASEAN+3 countries. The paper represents a concise case study of the DSM in practice, which should be of particular interest to export promotion agencies, industry associations and both new and more established exporting countries.
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Mohd Nawawi, Mohd Saiful Anwar, Mohd Fauzi Abu-Hussin, Muhamad Syazwan Faid, Norhidayah Pauzi, Saadan Man e Noratiqah Mohd Sabri. "The emergence of halal food industry in non-Muslim countries: a case study of Thailand". Journal of Islamic Marketing 11, n.º 4 (19 de julho de 2019): 917–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-05-2018-0082.
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Purpose The paper aims to explore the development of the halal industry in Thailand. It endeavours to investigate the main factors behind the country’s success as one of the largest exporters of halal-certified foods and products in the Southeast Asian region, in spite of the fact that Thailand is a non-Muslim-majority country. Only 4.3 per cent of the 69-million population of Thailand is Muslims. Design/methodology/approach In articulating the issue objectively, qualitative research method was adopted. This paper used structured literature study by analysing various subjects of halal pertaining to Thailand’s halal sector. At the same time, several in-depth interviews with the corresponding halal authorities in Thailand, as well as site visits, were also conducted. We also undertook observations in several sites in Thailand to analyse the issue further. Findings Findings from the research show that the strong presence of Thailand in the global halal industry is because of its bustling tourism industry that helps to bolster the country’s halal branding, its uniformity of halal definition and standards and effective support to the local SMEs. Practical implications This research implies that the standardisation of halal in a country is imperative in the Muslim-majority or Muslim-minority countries. This study gives a benchmark for the non-Muslim-majority countries which endeavour to embark on the halal industry. Muslim-minority counties that envision to succeed in the global halal market could emulate Thailand’s approach in branding itself as a recognised non-Muslim-majority country in producing certified halal foods and products. Originality/value The paper provides guidelines and standards for Muslim-minority countries that envision success in the global halal market.
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Suvarnadhada, Pabhagorn. "Competencies of Property Valuers in Thailand". Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 10, n.º 2 (7 de agosto de 2022): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v10i2.16831.
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The objectives of this research were to determine the component of the competencies of propertyvaluers in Thailand and to test the validity of the structure equation model of the competencies of propertyvaluers in Thailand with the empirical data. The sample consisted of 200 senior professional valuers. The instrumentemployed in this research was the questionnaires concerning the competencies. The data were analyzedby Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The test of the structural validity test of the competency model indicated thatthe secondary order confirmatory factor analysis of the competency of property valuers in Thailand model wereconsistent with empirical data significantly. The competency of property valuers in Thailand model were thetwo components of the competency of the property valuers in Thailand consisted of 1) core competency and2) functional competency. The five components of the core competency of the property valuers consisted ofสมรรถนะของนักประเมินมูลค่าทรัพย์สินในประเทศไทยCompetencies of Property Valuers in Thailandปภากร สุวรรณธาดาPabhagorn Suvarnadhadaบัณฑิตวิทยาลัย มหาวิทยาลัยคริสเตียน จังหวัดนครปฐม 73000Graduate School, Christian University of Thailand, Nakhonpathom, 73000, ThailandE-mail: pabhagorn@gmail.com104 JARS 10(2). 20131) Achievement Orientation, 2) Self Management, 3) Property Valuation Ethics, 4) Creative Problem Solving and5) Service and Organizational Awareness. The four components of the functional competency of the propertyvaluers consisted of 1) Property Valuation Supporting Knowledge, 2) Professional Proficiency, 3) ValuationActivity Management and 4) Real Estate Market Perception. The competencies of the property valuers inThailand could be used to develop property valuation industrial and profession, used to increase performanceof the property valuers in organizational and used to be the model to develop the property valuers who wantto certify senior professional valuer in the future.
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Charungkaittikul, Suwithida, Sornnate Areesophonpichet e Watcharapol Malaiwong. "Fostering Self-Direction in Foresight and Skills Anticipation of Undergraduate Students Through University-Industry Engagement". International Journal of Adult Education and Technology 12, n.º 3 (julho de 2021): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaet.2021070104.
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University-industry engagement is an essential factor for students' learning outcomes in higher education. This study aims to describe the unique educational process using foresight and skills anticipation through the university-industry engagement of future signs for the Thailand project as a good practice to foster self-direction of undergraduate students and proposes strategies to enhance collaboration among different key stakeholders. The “Kizashi Project” was organized during December 2, 2019-March 27, 2020, through the collaboration between Hitachi Asia (Thailand) Company Limited and Chulalongkorn University to create the research and development localization activities for identifying future social trends and anticipating new business opportunities in Thailand. The project applied “Kizashi,” the design thinking field, to describe Thailand's future to illustrate an ideal society with a human-centered perspective. This included Target year, 2030, which might be a milestone year before completing Thailand 4.0.
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TEMSUMRIT, NAVARAT, e HONGSILP SRIKET. "The Structural Transformation of Thailand: The Role of Policy Distortion". Asian Development Review 40, n.º 01 (março de 2023): 203–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0116110523500087.
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Thailand and the Republic of Korea were developing at a similar pace during the 1960s. However, the Republic of Korea’s economic development rapidly expanded from the 1970s onward, leaving Thailand lagging far behind. This paper investigates the labor productivity slowdown in Thailand using a nine-sector, structural transformation model setting with policy distortions. Our findings suggest that the economic underdevelopment of Thailand, when compared with the Republic of Korea, lies in a tendency toward relative labor productivity slowdowns resulting from both direct and indirect policy distortions in the agriculture sector. The agriculture sector has consistently been overlooked by the government in favor of the infant industrial sector for many decades. Moreover, as the agriculture sector accounts for a relatively considerable share of employment, the magnitude of the negative impact from policy distortions is amplified, inducing a delay in Thailand’s structural transformation.
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Ruangkanjanases, Athapol, e Chenin Chen. "Attitude, job satisfaction, and task performance of Thai millennial employees toward workplace fun". International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 8, n.º 5 (18 de agosto de 2019): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v8i5.305.
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The purpose of this study is to emphasize the term workplace fun that has been widely used in the western world but has had minimal impact in developing countries—such as Thailand. The research examines the relationships among variables such as the attitude of millennial employees towards workplace fun, experienced workplace fun, job satisfaction, and task performance in Thailand. According to the data of the National Statistical Office of Thailand, millennial will account for half of Thailand’s workforce by 2030. The study relied upon survey data collected from 519 respondents representing millennials who are working in Thailand. By applying descriptive and inferential statistics, the study has found that millennial employees are true believers in the concept of workplace fun. Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicates that a higher exposure to experienced workplace fun leads to higher employee’s job satisfaction and higher task performance. This paper serves to change the traditional management view of having fun in the workplace and to direct for future work so that it may continue growing to improve Human Resource Management knowledge in Thailand.
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Osiri, Navanath. "The Development of Modern Landscape Architecture in Thailand". Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning 21, n.º 1 (10 de junho de 2022): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.54028/nj202221206.
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The profession of landscape architecture has been firmly established in Thailand and has continued to flourish for over 40 years. Throughout this time, landscape architecture has made important contributions in improving environments, the people’s quality of life, and the aesthetics of Thailand’s cities and communities. This research discusses the development of the landscape architecture profession and design concepts in Thailand from the beginning to present to understand how landscape architecture has been cultivated through the processes of adaptation and appropriation.
The major contents of this research were obtained from the analysis of interviews conducted with 20 practitioners of landscape architecture firms in Thailand. The topics of discussion include multiple factors affecting the concepts, styles, and typologies of landscape architectural design.
The results show that landscape architecture in Thailand has developed in parallel with global design trends since the beginning of this profession. However, contextual factors, particularly socio-economic, political, and environmental issues, also affected the variation of project types and detailed designs. These trends and factors help foster the richness of landscape architecture in Thailand.
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Sussangkarn, Chalongphob, e Deunden Nikomborirak. "Thailand's Long-Term Growth: Aspiration, Reality and Challenges". Asian Economic Papers 15, n.º 2 (junho de 2016): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00423.
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This paper discusses Thailand's long-term growth experiences and future challenges for driving growth. Good growth performance between 1960 and 1985, and the boom between 1985 and 1995, led to an aspiration for Thailand to become an advanced economy by 2020. This was completely derailed by the 1997 financial crisis. It took eight years for the economic overhang from the crisis to fully dissipate. Thailand then entered a period of political crisis, which has continued to the present. After 1997, the growth drivers changed substantially, with exports becoming the main growth driver and investment collapsing. Growth has been slower than before the financial crisis and Thailand is now one of the worse growth performers in ASEAN. Export is now less effective in driving growth and there is a need to revive investment as the future growth driver. There remain many challenges to Thailand's long-term growth. The paper suggests a number of policy directions to make investment effective as the future growth driver.
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Zhang, Taolin. "Analysis of Chinese Tourists' Expectations and Satisfaction with Thai Tourism". Learning & Education 10, n.º 5 (13 de março de 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v10i5.2710.
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With the development of economy, more and more Chinese tourists choose Thailand as their tourism destination, which
is both an opportunity and a challenge for the development of tourism in Thailand. Under this background, it is meaningful to
explore and analyze the tourism expectations and satisfaction of Chinese tourists after their on-site experience in Thailand.
On the basis of previous studies, this study compares the expected value of different tourism factors with the actual experience
satisfaction model, combines the results of the questionnaire survey, carries out data analysis with the help of software, verifies the
research hypothesis and draws conclusions. The study finds that Chinese tourists' satisfaction in Thailand is highly correlated with
the expectations of various tourism factors, and both of them are influenced by the differences of Chinese tourists' demographic
information. At the same time, the overall satisfaction is affected by various specific satisfaction factors, showing a linear additive
relationship. Finally, this study analyses the conclusions and problems found, and puts forward some countermeasures and
suggestions based on Thailand's relevant policies, economic and cultural status, to provide a suggestion for the sustainable and
healthy development of Thailand's tourism market to China.
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Richardson, Morgan, e Richie Roberts. "Modern Women and Traditional Gender Stereotypes: An Examination of the Roles Women Assume in Thailand’s Agricultural System". Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 27, n.º 4 (15 de dezembro de 2020): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.27407.
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Previous research has demonstrated that empowering women in developing nations has been shown to enhance agricultural productivity and rural development. Although women in Southeast Asia are often considered to be more empowered than in other parts of the world, in Thailand, women still experience persistent barriers to gender equality. In response, this case study examined the positionality of women in Thailand’s agricultural sector by describing their underlying beliefs and values regarding their careers. As a result, three distinct themes emerged: (1) dichotomous gender roles, (2) the perpetuation of gender stereotypes, and (3) positive perceptions and beliefs in gender equality and women’s abilities. The findings illuminated that despite having a distinctly positive perception of themselves and their abilities, women internalize prescribed gender stereotypes in the agricultural industry in Thailand. Such views appeared to impede the participants’ sense of empowerment in the agricultural workforce. Moving forward, we recommend that extension professionals design programming to empower women in Thailand by tailoring professional development opportunities based on regional differences in regard to gendered customs, norms, and traditions. Further, additional research should be conducted to distill the specific topic areas that could be used to stir critical reflection and action among women in Thailand’s agricultural sector. Keywords: agricultural development; gender equality; Thailand; women empowerment
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Kurniawan A., Erwin, Adi Wijaya e Andriawan Kustiawan. "The Determinants Affecting the Violent Crime in Indonesia and Thailand (1990–2019)". Oblik i finansi, n.º 4(102) (2023): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-4(102)-105-117.
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Due to the global increase in crime, many countries and regions have ceased to be safe places to live. The growth of global crime figures leads to the deterioration of humankind’s quality of life. This study aims to examine the causality of the total violent crime determinants in Indonesia and Thailand from 1990 to 2019. The data were collected from the Global Economy and the Nasdaq Database. The variables used in this study are the total violent crime, Gross National Income per capita (GNIpc), unemployment rate, social security expenditure, and value of alcoholic beverage consumption. All the variables were converted into a logarithmic form. Both Indonesia and Thailand’s total violent crimes contain these wrongdoings: murder, rape, robbery (with firearms and without firearms), which includes gang robbery, and causing bodily injuries. This research has two models as both analyze different countries: Indonesia and Thailand. The empirical tests have proven the variables affecting the model of Indonesia and Thailand in the long run and short run based on the data from 1990–2019. In the long run, total violent crime, the unemployment rate, and alcoholic beverage consumption will affect the model of Indonesia by bringing equilibrium whenever disequilibrium happens. In the short run, the GNIpc has a unidirectional relationship with the Unemployment rate. In Thailand, alcoholic beverage consumption is the only reliant variable which will be self-perpetuated and affect the model in the long run. In the short run, alcoholic beverage consumption will be affected by the Unemployment rate and GNIpc of Thailand. In addition, instead of total violent crime being the dependent variable, it could affect Thailand’s social security expenditures in the short run. This study provided a clearer view of the violent crime determinants in Indonesia and Thailand. Moreover, these empirical findings could help in policy-making to curb the worsening social violence in both countries.
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Ferrara, Federico. "Thailand: minimally stable, minimally democratic". International Political Science Review 32, n.º 5 (novembro de 2011): 512–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512111418080.
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This article, forming part of this volume’s effort to map the qualities of democracy in Asia, describes Thailand (as of mid-2011) as a formal democracy devoid of each of the ‘qualities’ that promote democracy’s full realization. Aside from offering an overall descriptive assessment, the article seeks to explain the relationship between the various qualities of democracy observed in Thailand over the past decade. While Thaksin Shinawatra’s tenure in office (2001–2006) offers a compelling illustration for the proposition that ‘not all good things go together,’ virtually every dimension of the ‘goodness’ or ‘quality’ of Thailand’s democracy has experienced a generalized decline since Thaksin’s ousting in 2006.
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Daorueng, Prangtip. "Thailand". Media Asia 34, n.º 3-4 (janeiro de 2007): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2007.11726860.
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D., Clark, Arlene B. Neher e David K. Wyatt. "Thailand." Pacific Affairs 58, n.º 4 (1985): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2758521.
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Tripathi, S. "Thailand." International Journal of Epidemiology 44, suppl_1 (23 de setembro de 2015): i44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv097.163.
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Poungvarin, Niphon. "Thailand". Practical Neurology 3, n.º 3 (junho de 2003): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1474-7766.2003.14153.x.
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Fegan, D. "Thailand". Marine Pollution Bulletin 32, n.º 4 (abril de 1996): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-326x(96)90148-4.
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Chantavanich, Supang, e Pairin Makcharoen. "Thailand". Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 17, n.º 3-4 (setembro de 2008): 391–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680801700310.
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Meyer, Robert A., e Thomas Geary. "Thailand". Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 34, n.º 3 (junho de 1993): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001088049303400309.
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Boonyakiat, Satanun, e Varunaj Churnai. "Thailand". Ecumenical Review 64, n.º 2 (julho de 2012): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-6623.2012.00151.x.
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Girling, John. "Thailand". Asian Studies Association of Australia. Review 9, n.º 2 (novembro de 1985): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147538508712386.
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Sitdhiwej, Chacrit. "Thailand". Renewable Energy Law and Policy Review 7, n.º 2 (1 de fevereiro de 2016): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/relp.2016.02.09.
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Kritchanchai, Duangpun, Albert Wee Kwan Tan e Peter Hosie. "An Empirical Investigation of Third Party Logistics Providers in Thailand". International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 3, n.º 2 (abril de 2010): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisscm.2010040104.
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Third Party Logistics (3PL) in Asia emerged as an important trend in logistical management and Thailand continues to develop in this service rapidly. While a great deal has been written about the dissemination of information technology (IT), few empirical investigations address the use of IT in relation to 3PLs in Thailand. In this article, the authors use an empirical study to investigate the profiles of 3PLs in Thailand and their company strategies for providing logistics service and use of IT. Survey results show that Thailand’s 3PL companies must expend more effort to strengthen basic IT and infrastructure to enhance competitiveness. IT capabilities in Thailand are increasing rapidly and its effective adoption has the potential to significantly enhance the competitiveness of small 3PLs. Still many barriers exist to the successful adoption of IT by these providers. Given the importance of such companies in supply chain management, these issues must be fully understood.
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Padaameen, Sawawee, Abdul Razak e Nik Rakib Nik Hassan. "Keterbacaan dan Kelogisan Cerita Humor ‘Tangga Sakti’ menurut Penilaian Mahasiswa Indonesia dan Thailand". Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra 1, n.º 3 (2 de maio de 2022): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v1i3.46.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterbacaan cerita humor ‘Tangga Sakti’ menurut penilaian mahasiswa yang berbahasa Indonesia atau berbahasa Melayu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di bulan April 2022. Populasi berjumlah 412 mahasiswa. Jumlah ini terbagi dari 338 mahasiswa Indonesia dan 74 mahasiswa Thailand yang submit kuesioner melalui fasilitas google form. Sampel ditetapkan 203 mahasiswa yang terbagi dari 166 untuk kelompok mahasiswa Indonesia dan 37 mahasiswa untuk kelompok mahasiswa Thailad. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner melalui fasilitas google form. Data keterbacaan dan data kelogisan teks menurut penilaian mahasiswa dianalisis menggunakan prosedur statistik deskriptif yakni prinsip modus. Data hubungan keterbacaan cerita humor ‘Tangga Sakti’ menurut penilaian antara mahasiswa Indonesia dan mahasiswa Thailand dianalis menggunakan prosedur statistik inferensial nonparametrik yakni korelasi kontingensi. Prosedur statistik inferensial nonparametrik ini juga berlaku untuk analisis data kelogisan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa keterbacaan cerita humor ‘Tangga Sakti’ menurut penilaian mahasiswa berkategori mudah; hubungan antara penilaian mahasiswa Indonesia dan Thailand menghasilkan nilai rk = 0,20 (derjad hubungan sangat rendah). Kelogisan cerita humor ‘Tangga Sakti’ menurut penilaian mahasiswa berkategori tidak logis; hubungan antara penilaian mahasiswa Indonesia dan Thailand menghasilkan nilai rk = 0,17 (derjad hubungan sangat rendah).