Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Taizhou zhi"

This article explores the interactions between the Taizhou school and Jesuit missionaries during the late Ming dynasty. It reveals the intellectual exchanges between these influential groups in fields such as philosophy and religion and their significance in spreading Western knowledge to the East. The article begins by introducing the complete process of exchanges between Taizhou school representatives like Jiao Hong, Li Zhi, Zhu Shilu, Tang Xianzu, Xu Guangqi, and Jesuit missionaries including Matteo Ricci. It delves into how these interactions influenced the development of their respective thoughts and academic theories. The exchange between the two groups was not a perfect fusion and was filled with contradictions, conflicts, and struggles, particularly on issues such as human nature and cosmology. By studying this process of exchange, we can understand how the intellectual elite of late Ming China accepted and reflected upon Western thought. It also reveals how Western intellectuals used this exchange to comprehend and appreciate Chinese philosophy and culture.

AbstractThis essay examines how Zhu Yuanzhang's legal philosophy was perceived and interpreted in the early Ming official history of the Ming founder, the Taizu shilu (Veritable records of Taizu), and in some relevant historical works of later times. By looking at the viewpoints expressed on Zhu's words and deeds, the essay demonstrates that his legal philosophy was carefully constructed in the official history, and that this work of historical construction represented an official effort to redefine Chinese cultural identity. Cet article s'intéresse à la façon dont la philosophie juridique de Zhu Yuanzhang est perçue et interprétée dans l'histoire officielle du fondateur des Ming, le Taizu shilu (Chroniques véridiques de Taizu), au début des Ming, ainsi que dans certains ouvrages historiques plus tardifs. L'examen des points de vue exprimés sur les paroles et les actes de Zhu montre que sa philosophie juridique a été soigneusement reconstruite dans l'histoire officielle, et que ce travail de reconstruction était représentatif d'un effort officiel pour redéfinir l'identité culturelle chinoise.

Abstract This article is an investigation into the founding of the Khitan empire based on a diverse collection of historical documents from both the Northern and Central Plains regions. These sources include the official history of the Liao dynasty, Liaoshi, written during the year of dynasty’s foundation in 907, the Qidan guo zhi from 916, as well as a variety of documents ranging from as early as the late 8th century to the mid 10th century. Some historians go as far as to say that Yelü Abaoji, who ruled the Liao dynasty from 907–926, never assumed the title of emperor. Although today’s scholarship on the Liao dynasty tends to fundamentally agree that Yelü Abaoji, who is known in history books as Taizu, the first emperor of the Liao dynasty, officially proclaimed the founding of the dynasty with himself as emperor in the first year of Shence in 916, no one has yet undertaken a proper investigation as to the details of the historical source material which has led to this assumption. This article is based on primary source research and investigates these critical pieces of historical evidence surrounding the founding of the Liao dynasty to better clarify events surrounding this major historical moment.

Abstract Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NK/TCL) is one of the most common subtypes (10.4%) of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, which in turn accounts for 10% to 15% of all cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. NK/TCL occurs more frequently in Asia and Latin America than other regions, and although associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, NK/TCL has an unclear pathogenesis of genetic and molecular alterations. Asparaginase-based chemotherapy regimens are frequently used, typically with unsatisfactory outcomes. Novel targeted therapies, such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and programmed death-1 antibodies, are reported effective either as single agents or in combination with other agents. Studies have also shown that EBV-positive NK/TCL cell lines are B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-xL) dependent. Other preclinical experiments have shown that BH3-mimetic drugs targeting BCL-xL-induced cell death in NK/TCL cell lines were effective in NK/TCL xenograft models. BCL-xL inhibitors have shown narrow therapeutic windows in clinical trials because of dose-limiting on-target thrombocytopenia. Pelcitoclax (APG-1252) is a novel dual BCL-2/BCL-xL inhibitor under clinical development for solid tumors. As a result of its unique prodrug design, APG-1252 can overcome the undesired platelet toxicity. This study evaluated the potential antitumor effect of APT-1252 in preclinical models of NK/TCL. Cell-based antiproliferation studies showed activity of APG-1252 and its more potent metabolite APG-1252-M1 toward NK/TCL cell lines that overexpressed BCL-xL. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) for APG-1252 in SNK-1, SNK-6, and SNK-8 (EBV-positive NK/TCL) cell lines were 2.652 ± 2.606 µM, 1.568 ± 1.109 µM, and 0.557 ± 0.383 µM, respectively. Corresponding values for APG-1252-M1 were 0.133 ± 0.056 µM, 0.064 ± 0.014 µM, and 0.020 ± 0.008 µM, respectively. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that APG-1252 and APG-1252-M1 disrupted the complex of BCL-xL/BCL-2-associated X protein (Bax) and BCL-xL/BCL-2 homologous antagonist killer protein (Bak) in SNK-6 cells, thereby liberating these proapoptotic proteins and further activating downstream apoptosis pathways by cleaving poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and caspase-3. In an SNK-6 xenograft model, administration of APG-1252 at 65 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg either twice or once weekly resulted in significant antitumor effects, with tumor growth rate (T/C%) values ranging from 13.7% to 30.7%. Furthermore, the combination of APG-1252 with HDAC inhibitor chidamide or DDGP (dexamethasone, cisplatin, gemcitabine, and pegaspargase) chemotherapy demonstrated synergistic effects. Pharmacokinetic assessment in mice showed that APG-1252 had a long half-life in plasma (127 hours) and tumor tissues (25.2 hours), justifying intermittent dosing schedules used in vivo. Importantly, the transformation of APG-1252 to APG-1252-M1 was 16 times higher in tumor tissues compared to plasma (22% vs. 1.3%) after administration of APG-1252, thereby suggesting that APG-1252 can reduce platelet toxicity caused by APG-1252-M1 in plasma. In conclusion, APG-1252 has promising antitumor effects in NK/TCL, either as a single agent or in combination with an HDAC inhibitor or chemotherapy. These findings provide evidence to further evaluate APG-1252 as a potential treatment for NK/TCL. Disclosures Wang: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Liang: Ascentage Pharma Group Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Ming: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Rui: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Taizhou: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Tang: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Taizhou: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. LV: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Ge: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Zhang: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Taizhou: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Wang: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Taizhou: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Shang: Ascentage Pharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Yang: Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: Leadership and other ownership interests, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding. Zhai: Ascentage Pharma Group Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: Leadership and other ownership interests, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding; Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: Leadership and other ownership interests, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding.

Abstract This chapter introduces late imperial Neo-Confucianism from the Yuan (1260–1368) through the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1912) periods. The study examines select significant themes including self-cultivation 修身, desire 情, classics 經, and family 家, and focuses on particular diachronic and synchronic intellectual conversations including between Xu Heng and Wu Cheng on the significance of texts and intuition; Wang Yangming and Taizhou thinkers such as Wang Longxi and Wang Bi on the role of the emotions in the moral life; Dai Zhen and Zhang Xuecheng on the significance of historical and classical texts in moral development; and Li Zhi and Kang Youwei on the definition of a family.