Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Synthèse de la batterie"
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Lassagne, Adrien. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux électrolytes copolymères pour batteries lithium métal polymère". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI063.
Texto completo da fonteThis work deals with synthesis and characterization of new polymer electrolytes for lithium metal polymer (LMP) batteries. The main challenge of polymer electrolytes is to combine both high ionic conductivity at low temperature and good mechanical properties. To overcome these issues, block copolymers have been designed. Remarkable properties are reached thanks to the self-assembly of these triblock copolymers. Mechanical properties are given by stiff polystyrene (PS) domains whereas ionic mobility operates in an ionophilic phase, polyoxyethylene (POE) with a lithium salt (LiTFSI). By introducing chemical defects in the POE backbone, melting temperature of the copolymer has been considerably lowered leading to conductivities of about 7.10-5 S.cm-1 and a Young’s modulus of 0.3 MPa at 40°C. If interesting properties are obtained thanks to this strategy, the small fraction of conductivity insured by lithium ions (t+=0.15) remains an issue. The low t+ leads to large concentration gradients limiting the performances of the system. In a second approach, TFSI anions have been covalently tethered on the PS backbone, raising the t+ to 1. An important increase of Li+ conductivity was obtained by adding a perfluorinated spacer between PS and TFSI moieties, with an ionophilic phase based on PEO (2.10-5 S.cm-1 @ 60°C). The chemical modification of the PEO block leads to Li+ conductivities of 10-6 S.cm-1 at 40°C. The composition of these different copolymers have been varied and their structural, thermal, mechanical and transport properties have been studied. Finally the best electrolytes of each category have been assessed in a full cell configuration
Lakraychi, Alae Eddine. "Conception d'une batterie "tout-organique" avec une tension de sortie supérieure à 2 V". Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0028/document.
Texto completo da fonteTo promote low emission electrochemical energy storage systems, a possible alternative consists in partially moving away from inorganic-based to organic-based redox-active electrode materials. Indeed, organic molecules present the advantage to be easily synthesized from abundant raw materials coupled with the real possibility of being derived from renewable resources (biomass). To that extent, the topic is focused on the identification and the development of redox-active organic materials able of being charged at high potentials and being discharged at low potentials for positive and negative electrode applications, with the aim of developing an "all-organic" Li-ion battery able to deliver a working voltage of at least 2 V. A molecular engineering approach has been applied to tune the electrochemical performances in particular the redox potential. Firstly, electron-withdrawing substituents (sulfonates) have been incorporated on lithiated enolate-based backbones offering lithium reservoir organic materials stable to oxygen, particularly the Li4-p-DHBDS (3,25 V vs. Li+/Li). Secondly, electron-donating substituents with inductive effect (+I) such as methyle and alkyne, and others with mesomeric effect (+M) such as amine, methoxide and bromine have been incorporated on carboxylate structures (terephthalate). It was found that substituents with inductive donating effect (+I) are quite interesting to lower the redox potential as observed with Li2-DMT (0,72 V vs. Li+/Li ; i.e, -110 mV in comparison with the lithium terephthalate). The work concluded with a preliminary test of an "all-organic-rocking-chair" battery operating at an average working voltage close to 2,5 V
Celasun, Yagmur. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux d'électrode positive pour des applications Li-ion à haute énergie". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI047.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis focuses on the development of overlithiated disordered rocksalts for high-energy Li-ion systems. Firstly, synthesis parameters have been optimized to improve the performances of the disordered rocksalt Li2.2NiTi0.2Nb0.6O4. To examine its high irreversibility (35%) at the first cycle, in situ advanced structural and electrochemical analyses have been performed. Results show that a structural change and disordering happen during the first charge. In a second part, the disordered rocksalt Li2TiS3 has been prepared with our patented process. To improve cycling stability of the cells, Li2TiS3 has been partially substituted with selenium and new Li2TiSexS3-x compositions have been prepared. Li2TiSexS3-x cells have large discharge capacities at slightly lower potentials. Reversible sulfur redox activity is confirmed by electrochemistry and ex situ surface analyses, however further characterizations are required to elucidate the relatively complex selenium redox process
Huynh, Le Thanh Nguyen. "Les accumulateurs au sodium et sodium-ion, une nouvelle génération d’accumulateurs électrochimiques : synthèse et électrochimie de nouveaux matériaux d’électrodes performants". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1123/document.
Texto completo da fonteSince commercialization, Li-ion batteries have been playing an important role as power source for portable electronic devices because of high gravimetric, volumetric capacity and high voltage. Furthermore, the lithium-ion technology is best suited for large-scale application, such as electric vehicles, which poses a resource problem and ultimately cost. On the contrary, sodium is a most abundant element, inexpensive and similarly properties as lithium. In order to solve the problem of lithium raw resource, sodium is proposed as a solution for next generation power source storage. This work investigates the potential derivative vanadium pentoxide materials as sodium intercalation compounds: the V2O5 reference compound, the promizing potassium bronze K0,5V2O5, ε'-V2O5, as well as a lamellar manganese oxide: the sol-gel birnessite and its doped cobalt form. The structure-electrochemistry relationships are clarified through a study combining electrochemical properties, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy of materials at different insertion rate, end of the reaction and after galvanostatic cycling. New phases are highlighted and specific capacities between 100 and 160 mAh / g in the field of 4V-1V potential can be obtained with sometimes remarkably stable as in the case of NaV2O5 and ε'-V2O5
Costa, Maryline. "Synthèse de supports polymères et greffage de ferrocène pour une application en tant que batteries moléculaires". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14230/document.
Texto completo da fonteEnergy storage system have been developed by grafting ferrocene (Fc) moieties on branched or hyperbranched polystyrene (PS) and polyethyleneoxide (PEO), and on semi-conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) particles. Huisgen cycloaddition has been used to graft Fc at the periphery of PS stars, leading to PS-Fc. Synthesis of PEO-Fc and PEDOT-Fc has been done by esterification reaction. A possible interaction in between azido moieties and the catalytic system used for controlled radical polymerization of styrene has been evidenced in this study. Performances as molecular batteries of PS-Fc, PEO-Fc and PEDOT-Fc have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry. Fc moieties can be reversibly oxidized and reduced on PS-Fc and POE-Fc. For high ferrocene content, cyclic voltammetry showed the occurence of charge transfer between ferrocenyl groups and oxidized PEDOT core
Lefevre, Guillaume. "Synthèse et étude électrochimique de matériaux silicates utilisés en tant qu'électrode positive pour les accumulateurs Li-Ion". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI021/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe society is currently facing challenges such as global warming and rarefaction of resources. These issues have a factor in common, energy and more specifically its storage, for which lithium-ion batteries are today the state-of-the-art technology. Researchers and industries are focusing on the increase of energy density and safety and the reduction of toxic, costly and rare elements. In this study, positive electrodes based on silicate polyanionic materials are considered to fulfill these requirements. Two materials are studied, Li2MnSiO4 that exhibits appealing large capacity (>300mAh.g-1) and an unreported LiMnSiO4 with olivine structure that would have medium capacity (174 mAh.g-1) but associated with a high voltage (>3.7V).In a first part, a nanocomposite material Li2MnSiO4/C is synthesized by sol-gel route. Its electrochemical and structural properties are studied. The different degradation phenomena are discussed thereafter. Al-doped and Mn-rich Li2-xMn1+xAlxSi1-xO4/C is also proposed to lower the structural collapse during cycling. Finally the impact of its storage in air is assessed and a mechanism is proposed to explain the formation of Li2CO3.In a second part, a multistep synthesis is designed starting from olivine MgMnSiO4/C, followed by chemical oxidation and electrochemical lithiation to obtain LiMnSiO4/C. Each step is characterized to assess the structure, oxidation degree and electrochemical behavior of the final material.Finally, the testing of the two materials for space applications (LEO and GEO satellites profiles) confirms the better cyclability of LiMnSiO4/C and its validity as promising alternative to the conventional unstable Li2MnSiO4 compound
Lavault, Antoine. "Generative Adversarial Networks for Synthesis and Control of Drum Sounds". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS614.
Texto completo da fonteAudio synthesizers are electronic systems capable of generating artificial sounds under parameters depending on their architecture. Even though multiple evolutions have transformed synthesizers from simple sonic curiosities in the 1960s and earlier to the main instruments in modern musical productions, two major challenges remain; the development of a system of sound synthesis with a parameter set coherent with its perception by a human and the design of a universal synthesis method, able to model any source and provide new original sounds. This thesis studies using and enhancing Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to build a system answering the previously-mentioned problems. The main objective is to propose a neural synthesizer capable of generating realistic drum sounds controllable by predefined timbre parameters and hit velocity. The first step in the project was to propose an approach based on the latest technological advances at the time of its conception to generate realistic drum sounds. We added timbre control capabilities to this method by exploring a different way from existing solutions, i.e., differentiable descriptors. To give experimental guarantees to our work, we performed evaluation experiments via objective metrics based on statistics and subjective and psychopĥysical evaluations on perceived quality and perception of control errors. These experiments continued to add velocity control to the timbral control. Still, with the idea of pursuing the realization of a versatile synthesizer with universal control, we have created a dataset ex-nihilo composed of drum sounds to create an exhaustive database of sounds accessible in the vast majority of conditions encountered in the context of music production. From this dataset, we present experimental results related to the control of dynamics, one of the critical aspects of musical performance but left aside by the literature. To justify the capabilities offered by the GANs synthesis method, we show that it is possible to marry classical synthesis methods with neural synthesis by exploiting the limits and particularities of GANs to obtain new and musically interesting hybrid sounds
Sourice, Julien. "Synthèse de nanocomposites cœur-coquille silicium carbone par pyrolyse laser double étage : application à l’anode de batterie lithium-ion". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112166/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe replacement of carbon graphite, the commercial anode material in Li-ion batteries, by silicon is one of the most promising strategies to increase the capacity of anode in these devices. However, micrometric silicon suffers from strong degradation effect while cycling. The volume expansion of the lithiated particles and the direct contact between the active material and the solvents induce the continuous formation and pulverization of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) leading to the rapid fading of the capacity. Many research groups suggest decreasing the size of the particle to the nanoscale where pulverization of the particles is almost inexistent. Furthermore, the formation of a carbon shell around these silicon nanoparticles is cited as the most efficient way to isolate the material from the direct contact with the solvent. The main issue is to obtain these core shell nanocomposites with a process able to meet industrial requirement.The Nanometric Structure Laboratory (LEDNA) is experimented in the synthesis of nanomaterial thanks to the gas phase laser pyrolysis method. This versatile process is characterized by a high yield of production and permits an efficient control over the reaction parameters. In order to obtain core shell structures, a new reactor has been developed by the combination of two stages of reaction. Thanks to this original setup, crystalline silicon cores covered or not with a carbon shell were achieved in one step for the first time. Likewise, amorphous cores were covered with a carbon shell, leading to the synthesis of a novel nanocomposite. Microscopic study reveals that these materials are obtained in a chain-like structure that can be beneficial to the electronic and ionic conduction properties. The carbonaceous compound were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and appeared to be non-graphitic sp2 rich species known in the literature as basic structural units (BSU). Auger electron spectroscopy study highlights the homogeneity of the carbon covering, in particular over smaller silicon cores. Neutron diffraction showed that the amorphous silicon cores covered with carbon are protected against passive oxidation unlike bare amorphous cores.The nanocomposites were used as anode materials in lithium-metal coin cell configuration. A cyclic voltammetry study highlights that crystalline silicon cores embedded into carbon need many sweeps before their full lithiation whereas amorphous core shell nanocomposites deeply lithiated from the first sweep, a phenomena yet not described in the literature. A potential resolved electronic impedance spectroscopy technic was used to determine the main degradation process of the core shell materials. We showed that the capacity fading can be mainly attributed to SEI dissolution and reformation through cycling, obstructing the porous structure of the electrode and limiting the cyclability. Finally, galvanostatically tested the core-shell nanocomposites reveal enhanced performance compared to graphite carbon. At the high charge/discharge rate of 2C, hardly reachable to the commercial anode material, the amorphous core-shell nanocomposite was cycled up to 500 cycles while maintaining a high capacity of 800 mAh.g-1 and outstanding coulombic efficiency of 99,99 %
Quesnel, François. "Synthèse de titanates de lithium nanostructurés par plasma inductif pour les batteries lithium-ion". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8997.
Texto completo da fonteIssa, Sébastien. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'électrolytes solides hybrides pour les batteries au lithium métal". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0046.
Texto completo da fonteThe problems caused by the intensive extraction and use of fossil fuels have forced humanity to turn to the development of renewable energies and electric vehicles. However, these technologies need to be coupled with efficient energy storage means to exploit their potential. Lithium metal anode systems are particularly interesting because they have a high energy density. However, this technology suffers from the formation of dendrites that can trigger short circuits causing the device to explode. Thus, many efforts have been devoted to the development of POE-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) that provide a barrier that blocks dendritic growth while preserving ionic conduction properties. However, the ionic conductivity of POE-based SPEs decreases strongly with temperature. Currently, the best SPEs in the literature would require operation at 60 °C, which means that some of the energy in the battery will be diverted from its use to maintain this temperature. Thus, the main objective of this thesis work is to design an SPE that allows the operation of lithium metal battery technology at room temperature. These SPEs must exhibit high ionic conductivity at room temperature (≈ 10-4 S.cm-1) and mechanical properties that allow the inhibition of the dendritic growth phenomenon. For this, the objectives of the project are focused on the development of new nanocomposite and hybrid SPEs
Messaoudi, Houssam mohammed. "Synthèse et caractérisation de membranes conductrices anioniques pour la protection d'électrode à air dans une batterie Zinc-Air fonctionnant sous air ambiant". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0864.
Texto completo da fonteDifferent anionic conducting membranes have been developed to protect an air electrode operating in a Zinc-Air battery fed with ambient air. Under those conditions, carbon dioxide from atmospheric air reacts with the alkaline electrolyte, and is then transformed into potassium carbonate. The precipitate of this carbonate inside the electrode porous structure leads to the increase of the system resistance and the loss of its sealing after 80 h of operation. The objective of this study focuses on the improvement of the stability of an air electrode for 3000 h of operation, by protecting it from carbonation reaction with a polymer membrane.For this, different (semi-)interpenetrating polymer networks have therefore been developed combining a polyelectrolyte and a neutral network partner. Polyepichlorohydrin grafted with 1,4-diazabicyclo (2,2,2) octane and a fluorinated polyelectrolyte were chosen as anionic conductive polymer. Neutral networks based on poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), polyvinyl alcohol and perfluoropolyether were then, alternately, associated to the polyelectrolyte. The physico-chemical properties of the various developed membranes were characterized according to their charge density and composition. The membranes with the best required properties (anionic conductivity, limited weight uptake, selectivity ...) were then assembled on air electrodes whose potential and stability have been evaluated during the operation in half-cell. Thus, an air electrode modified with such membranes maintains a stable potential during 6800 hours of running at -30mA / cm²
Godet-Bar, Thibault. "Synthèse et étude physico-chimique de nouveaux matériaux organiques d'électrode positive à base de phénothiazine pour les applications dans les accumulateurs au lithium". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI022.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this work is to develop phenothiazine-based redox organic materials for lithium positive electrode. Comparatively to inorganic materials, organic ones can constitute clear break by decreasing the cost, toxicity and security issues while keeping good performances. In that purpose, redox materials involving phenothiazine moieties have been synthesized, characterized, then, their electrochemical properties have been analyzed electrochemically, the most promising ones have been tested in lithium and sodium cells. The redox target chosen, the phenothiazine, has been polymerized and functionalized onto phosphazene backbone. Cell tests showed material dissolution contribution has to be avoided. In this context, insoluble polyphenothiazine and cross-linkable copolymers were able to upgrade significantly the cyclability and the energetic performances of lithium cells. Moreover, sodium cells with a poor lipophilic anion showed lower dissolution contribution. Carbon grafting by phenothiazine has also been investigated. It has been performed by electrochemical and chemical means and has led to promising electrochemical performances
Kwamou, Kouayep Bertrand Mirador. "Synthèse et caractérisation électrochimique de liquides ioniques à base de phosphonium pour les applications aux batteries au lithium". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5884.
Texto completo da fonteLeclere, Mélody. "Synthèse de (poly)électrolytes pour accumulateur Li-ion à haute densité d'énergie". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI001/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis work presented in this manuscript focuses on the development of new electrolytes without the use of flammable conventional solvents to improve the security problem batteries. The first part of this work is the preparation of gelled electrolytes from phosphonium ionic liquid. A study is performed on the compatibility between the electrolyte and the polymer host epoxy / amine as well as the influence of the polymerization LI on the network. The thermal properties, and ionic transport viscoelastic gels are discussed. Among the obtained gelled electrolyte, the gel containing the electrolyte (1 M LiTFSI + LI [P66614] [TFSI]) showed interesting electrochemical properties. A gelled system Li | LFP has been implemented and good cycling stability at 100 ° C was obtained. The second part of this work is the development of new liquid crystal electrolytes promotes transport of lithium ions with hopping mechanism. An anionic compound was synthesized from reaction of an epoxy / amine from lithium 4-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonate and an aliphatic diglycidyl ether. Various characterization technical were used to establish a link structure / properties. The results allowed to show a lamellar supramolecular organization to obtain lithium ion conduction channels. The ion transport measurement helped to highlight a transport of lithium ions following an Arrhenius law (independent of the molecular backbone) which is evidence of a transport mechanism of lithium ions with hopping mechanism. The first electrochemical tests showed good stability of these electrolytes with lithium electrode and a reversible lithium ion transport in a symmetrical cell Li | Li. Following this work, the prospects are discussed to improve the performance of these electrolytes
Nemaga, Abirdu woreka. "Synthèse par électrodépôt en milieu liquide ionique de nanostructures de Si/TiO2, Al/TiO2 et Si-Al/TiO2 nanotubes pour électrode négative de batterie Li-ion". Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIMS004.
Texto completo da fonteAmong the various electric energy storage systems studied for more than two centuries, the electrochemical storage battery type Li-Ion is probably the most relevant and most effective. however locks remain for Li-Ion batteries respondents to current needs, and limitations comes from the electrode materials. Silicon is a prime candidate to meet the challenges posed batteries, however its resistance to cycling is short and synthesis methods are often very restrictive. Combining two research laboratories major players in the fields of nanoscience (the LRN to URCA) and materials and batteries (the LRCS to UPJV) the multidisciplinary project NanoSiBL a period of 36 months set the objective of provide solutions to the above two points: 1, the realization of negative electrodes in silicon by a synthetic route down original and innovative cost developed LRN (electrodeposition in ionic liquid medium), 2 increased lifetime of the electrode through two types of structuring (or one electrode made of nanowires / nanotubes Si monolithic or a composite nanostructured electrode Si / TiO2). The expertise in the field of LRCS of batteries should allow this second point to determine the geometry and ideal configuration of the electrode in terms of performance. Based methods developed by electrochemistry low cost and original NanoSiBL aims, through the sharing of expertise and technology between physicists and chemists involved, to initiate an inter-establishment new theme focused on valuation and silicon nanostructures composite nanostructured silicon. The scientific interest of this project lies in the implementation and control of the intrinsic properties of these nanostructures based on silicon for making efficient negative electrodes of Li-Ion battery. In the literature, the negative electrodes based on silicon or silicon composite (type Si / TiO2) have already demonstrated improvement compared to bulk silicon electrodes. However, the transition to operational devices remains uncommon for ways to contain the expansion in volume of the silicon are experiencing and because the methods used to develop these silicon nanowires (chemical vapor deposition, reactive evaporation ...) remain very restrictive both in terms of growth conditions (the need to use metal precursors and highly toxic gases) that manufacturing costs (labor UHV, many steps for the realization of devices with the need for contacts post- growth…). NanoSiBL proposes an alternative in real technological break with the current methods of synthesis. growth techniques (electrodeposition in ionic liquid) and nanostructuring (in polycarbonates or TiO2 nanotube membranes) used in the project will enable the development of electrodes at low cost efficient for application referred Li-Ion battery. Furthermore the consequent variety of possible geometries offered by the nanoporous membranes to be used in the project (polycarbonate or TiO2 nanotubes) will establish a critical comparison of the impact of the nanostructure or composition of electrodes to contain expansion by volume of the silicon during the cycling and improve the life of such electrodes (battery)
Grigas, Anett. "Solvothermale und mikrowellenunterstützte Synthesen von Zeolithen und Kathodenmaterialien". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-96999.
Texto completo da fonteDepardieu, Martin. "Chimie intégrative pour la synthèse de matériaux fonctionnels avancés". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0316/document.
Texto completo da fonteHierarchical porosity in solid foams allows the combination of the advantages offered by the different scales of structuration : macropores allow high porous volume and easy diffusion of reagents, while mesopores and micropores allow confinement and high specific surface areas. Integrative chemistry, associating soft matter and soft chemistry, offers a variety of synthetic pathways to generate such materials. We used emulsions and surfactants to template sol-gel chemistry in order to obtain silica foams bearing hierarchical porosity. These silica foams were employed as hard templates to synthesize carbon foams, used as electrodes in lithium-sulfur batteries bearing high capacities. We then explored the impact on performances of loading them with metallic nanoparticles. We also studied the potential of those carbon foams for hydrogen storage, and we obtained cycling capabilities with LiBH4 after loading them with metallic nanoparticles. Finally, the silica foams were used as a support for bacterial growth. Indeed, when bacteria grow in a confined medium, the kinetics of growth and their final concentration can be totally different than what is observed in classical cultures, which is of high interest for applications such as biocatalysis
Aimable, Anne. "Synthèse hydrothermale en continu et en conditions supercritiques du matériau d’électrode positive des batteries Li-ion LiFePO4 : du matériau au procédé". Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS070.
Texto completo da fonteLiFePO4 appears as the best candidate in order to be used as a positive electrode material for lithium batteries, especially since the pionnering works of Goodenough in 1997. In this study, the continuous hydrothermal synthesis of LiFePO4 in supercritical water was investigated. The first approach was based on an experimental design, in order to determine optimal conditions leading to a pure and crystalline material, with nanometric grain sizes, and interesting electrochemical properties. The higher capacity obtained is 75 mAh. G−1, which was also obtained from materials synthesized by other ways without any carbon, but below the expected value of 170 mAh. G−1. These low performances were explained by a large agglomeration, and a non optimized formulation of the electrode. In the second part of this study, a novel approach was engaged, based on an engineering aspect. The objective was to control the different steps of the synthesis : germination, growth and agglomeration. At first, heat transfer were studied inside the apparatus, and some changes were brought to improve its running. Then, CFD calculations were performed in the mixing device to model heat transfer and reactive flows in supercritical conditions
Gle, David. "Synthèse de copolymères à architectures complexes à base de POE utilisés en tant qu'électrolytes polymères solides pour une application dans les batteries lithium métal-polymère". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4761/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn the context of sustainable development, electric vehicles appear to be a major solution for the future. Among the lastest technologies, the Lithium Metal Polymer battery has presented very interesting performances in terms of energy density. The main drawback of this system is the formation of lithium dendrites during the refill of the battery that could cause short circuits leading to the explosion of the battery. The aim of my PhD is to develop a Solid Polymer Electrolyte showing a high ionic conductivity (2.10-4 S.cm-1 at 40°C) and a high mechanical strength (30 MPa) to prevent dendritic growth. For that purpose, Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization is used to synthesize block copolymers with a PEO moiety for ionic conduction –CH2-CH2-O- and polystyrene for mechanical strength. Different kind of architectures have been synthesized : block copolymer with linear PEO moiety or with grafted PEO moiety
Gle, David. "Synthèse de copolymères à architectures complexes à base de POE utilisés en tant qu'électrolytes polymères solides pour une application dans les batteries lithium métal-polymère". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4761.
Texto completo da fonteIn the context of sustainable development, electric vehicles appear to be a major solution for the future. Among the lastest technologies, the Lithium Metal Polymer battery has presented very interesting performances in terms of energy density. The main drawback of this system is the formation of lithium dendrites during the refill of the battery that could cause short circuits leading to the explosion of the battery. The aim of my PhD is to develop a Solid Polymer Electrolyte showing a high ionic conductivity (2.10-4 S.cm-1 at 40°C) and a high mechanical strength (30 MPa) to prevent dendritic growth. For that purpose, Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization is used to synthesize block copolymers with a PEO moiety for ionic conduction –CH2-CH2-O- and polystyrene for mechanical strength. Different kind of architectures have been synthesized : block copolymer with linear PEO moiety or with grafted PEO moiety
Recham, Nadir. "Synthèse, structure et propriétés électrochimiques de nouveaux matériaux pour batteries à ions lithium". Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0111.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this thesis is the preparation of new electrode materials for Li ion batteries via eco-efficient syntheses processes. It first reports the making of LiFePO4 powders according to a new synthesis process using latent bases; this process is later generalized to the preparation of other electrode materials such as LiMPO4 (M=Mn, Ni, Co), Li2FeSiO4 or Na2MnPO4F. These materials are then prepared via a new specific synthesis strategy centered on the use of ionic liquids. This is an ionothermal synthesis, hardly explored in inorganic chemistry until now. This new synthesis method, due to its dual role of solvent and structuring agent of the ionic liquid, enabled us to not only prepare powders with controlled morphology and texture from already known materials, but also to discover a new class of insertion compounds namely the family of fluorosulfates LiMSO4F. One of them, LiFeSO4F, has a potential of 3. 6V vs. Li, a capacity of 151mAh/g and a good ionic conductivity, and is a direct opponent to LiFePO4 which is today the most praised electrode material. Although less interesting from an electronic point of view, the ionothermal approach has been generalized to the formation of AMSO4F (A=Li, Na, M=Mn, Co and Ni) compounds, never reported until now. The last point of this thesis is the synthesis of new boron complexes able to solubilize fluorides with high reticular energy (LiF, NaF), or to act as a fluoride carrier in order to obtain, via an exchange reaction, the lamellar compound FeOF, which was only known in its rutile form until now
Grothe, Dorian C. "Entwicklung und Synthese von Materialien für Polyelektrolytmembranen mit ionischen Flüssigkeiten zum Einsatz in Lithium-Ionen-Batterien". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6369/.
Texto completo da fonteWithin the field of energy storage and charge transfer, the lithium polymer batteries are one of the leading technologies, due to their low manufacture cost and their possible variety of packaging shapes. Despite their good thermal stability and very good weight to energy ratio, lithium ion batteries use as a electrolyte system a mixture of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate as solvent which have a high risk of deflagration when they come in contact with water. Thus the developement of new materials for lithium-ion-batteries are necessary. For the electrolyte there are special requirements in terms of energy- and power density e.g. in order to minimize thermal loss. High conductivity electrolytes with conductivities in the range of milisiemens are as essential as safe materials, like non flammable non-volatile materials. To fulfill these requirements it is important to develop a polymeric lithium ion conductor, which is free of flammable organic solvents in order to ensure safety. Simultaneously it is also ,mandatory to achieve high performances in terms of ion-conductivity. Therefore a concept based on a combination of an oxygen rich polymeric matrix and ionic liquids was developed and verified. Following results were achieved . 1. Synthesis of new diacryalted oxygen rich matrix components with many carbonylfunctions for a good lithium ion transport. 2. Synthesis and characterization of new ionic liquids based on imidazol or ammonium compounds. 3. Investigation of the influences of the cation structure and counter ions for melting points and ion conductivity. 4. Creation of Blendsystems with the developed materials 5. Thermal investigations of these solid-state-electrolytes with DSC and TGA measurements, resulting in thermal stabilities up to 250°C.No crystallization were observed. 6. investigation of these solid-state-electrolytes via AC-impedance spectrometry, resulting in conductivities of 10-4S/cm at room temperature.
Mercier, Cédric. "Matériaux d’électrodes négatives graphite-étain pour accumulateur Li-ion : synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés électrochimiques". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10068/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis study is devoted to the development of new anodic materials with high capacities for lithium-ion batteries. The synthesis of graphite-tin systems obtained by reduction, in the presence of graphite at various rates, of the tin Chlorides SnCl2 and SnCl4, by the alkoxide-activated alkaline hydrides ( sodium hydride or lithium hydride) is described. The nanomaterials prepared have stable reversible capacities in cycling, close to those calculated from the amounts of metal given by elemental analysis. However, important differences between the values and the evolution in cycling of the irreversible capacities depending on the hydride or the mixture of hydride used were observed. With sodium hydride, the irreversible capacity, very high during the first cycle, is practically cancelled at the second cycle; with lithium hydride, this irreversible capacity, although lower to the first cycle, gives a recurring residual value at the following cycles. The use of the NaH/LiH allowed to preserve the advantages of the two preceding systems and to synergistically combine their properties
Schley, Bernd [Verfasser], e Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Hempelmann. "Synthese und Charakterisierung von Elektrokatalysatoren für die Zink-Luft-Batterie sowie die Modifikation von Elektrodenoberflächen / Bernd Schley ; Betreuer: Rolf Hempelmann". Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199933082/34.
Texto completo da fonteSchley, Bernd Verfasser], e Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] [Hempelmann. "Synthese und Charakterisierung von Elektrokatalysatoren für die Zink-Luft-Batterie sowie die Modifikation von Elektrodenoberflächen / Bernd Schley ; Betreuer: Rolf Hempelmann". Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199933082/34.
Texto completo da fonteMarx, Nicolas. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux phosphates utilisés comme matériaux d'électrode positive pour batteries au lithium". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582969.
Texto completo da fonteMarx, Nicolas. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux phosphates utilisés comme matériaux d’électrode positive pour batteries au lithium". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14194/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis work deals with the synthesis and characterization of new positive electrode materials for lithium batteries. Our researches were mainly focused on phosphates of transition metals, and especially on the tavorite-type materials of composition (H,Li)FePO4(OH). Their structure is characterized by a three-dimensional network with different types of tunnels, which can host inserted lithium ions. In this context, LiFePO4(OH) structure was perfectly solved, as well as that of FePO4.H2O, which is a new iron (III) phosphate discovered during this work. These two materials, together with those obtained by heat-treatment of FePO4.H2O, were characterized using different analytical techniques. Their electrochemical behavior toward intercalation / deintercalation of lithium was also studied, as well as the structural and redox processes involved
Toulgoat, Fabien. "Synthèse de nouveaux anions organiques fluorés, électrolytes pour batteries au lithium et piles à combustible". Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10002.
Texto completo da fonteA new synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides, key intermediates of sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfonimides, was developed. This method, based on the use of silanes as precursors of sulfinates, allows us to carry out “one pot” transformations. Furthermore, sulfonyl fluorides can be obtained from the corresponding sulfinates by electrophilic fluorination. Then, sulfonyl fluorides hydrolysis affords sulfonates. Reactions of sulfonyl fluorides with benzylamine prove to be more efficient than CF3SO2NH2. Finally, the benzyl group is cleaved very easily by reaction with ethanol without any hydrogen or metal. By this method, a series of sulfonimides were synthesised. As an alternative to the reaction between sulfonyl fluorides and amines, sulfonamides can be prepared from sulfinamides
Cazayus-Claverie, Emmanuelle. "Matériaux pour les batteries Li-AIR : nouvelles approches vers des nano-hétérostructures spinelles/graphène pour électrode à air". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066508/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis research work is focused on the design and characterisation of cobalt based oxides nanospinels anchored onto the surface of reduced graphene oxides (RGO) nanosheet, which will serve as bifunctional catalysts for the new generation lithium-air batteries. Whereas nanospinels are relatively simple to synthesize by conventional colloidal routes as nanoparticles dispersed into an aqueous solution, the synthesis we developed relies on a hydrothermal microwave treatment in the 100°C-200°C range. The main challenges of this nano-heterostructures synthesis was to create the interface between the nanoparticles and the RGO directly during the nanoparticles nucleation. RGO are very efficient microwave absorbers and could then convert microwave irradiation into heat in order to trigger precipitation of the spinel at the surface of the RGO sheet.Starting from Co3O4 as proof-of-concept material, the synthesis protocol has been successfully adapted to address binary oxides by substituting cobalt with first row transition metals such as nickel, manganese or iron. The precipitation of binary and ternary oxides was achievable thanks to a good understanding of the Pourbaix diagrams of all cations to adjust the acido-basic and redox conditions.Finally, the electrocatalytic activity of these supported spinel oxides was measured for both the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions (ORR and OER). The gap between the ORR and the OER potentials was significantly lowered by the presence of Co3O4 nanoparticles on the RGO, thus assuring the reversibility of this catalytic system, which is to be integrated in future scale-up test
Zhang, Xiaoyu. "Synthèse et Caractérisation des Composés Lamellaires LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 comme Matériaux Positives pour Batteries Li-ion". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066554.
Texto completo da fonteRondeau-Gagné, Simon. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux de type n pour applications en dispositifs photovoltaïques". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27138/27138.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteFang, Runhe. "Effect of composition and morphology on the electrochemical performance of Na3V2(PO4)2F3/Na3V2(PO4)2FO2". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS001.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteIn the sodium ion battery system, the positive electrode plays an important role. Although weaker than layered oxide materials in some aspects, such as electrical conductivity, polyanionic materials have become one of the two main categories of positive electrode materials with their excellent electrochemical stability and high operating voltage. Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy (0≤y≤2) family is especially the most outstanding in terms of electrochemical performance. However, the electrochemical performance is limited because of the rather poor electronic conductivity induced by the isolated vanadium bi-octahedra units within the structure. There have been many studies to improve the electrochemical properties of Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy by means of carbon coating and special morphology etc. However, unconscious improvements in multiple aspects can lead to neglected further understanding of one specific changed element, due to the ultimately electrochemical performance enhancements. Therefore, this PhD thesis is consistent of well controlling all the varieties and comparing the morphology and composition impact of Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy without any carbon coating in order to improve its final electrochemical performance through a more fundamental perspective. Thus, this work is composed of the next parts under the form of deposited articles. In the first chapter, which is a state of the art, the background of the development of batteries and especially the sodium ion batteries will be briefly introduced. The common materials for each different part of the sodium ion battery will be further described. Next, attention will be focused on Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy and show the current status of its research in detail in terms of crystal structure and synthesis, etc. Then in the second chapter, a series of slightly tuned synthesis with the same precursors were carried out to obtain the Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy particles with different morphologies and similar composition and then investigate the effect of morphologies on energy storage performance. In the subsequent chapter III, from one most performant morphology found in the second chapter, the effect of the oxygen content on transport properties and electrochemical performance within Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy (different O2- substitution percent) were investigated, while keeping the morphologies unchanged. In the next chapter IV, the Na3V2(PO4)2FO2 found in chapter III with those synthesized through different methods with the same particle composition but totally different morphologies and surface functionalization were compared to further understand the morphology and surface coating impact on the energy storage capacity. At last, deep eutectic solvent, one kind of ionic liquid, was used as a new synthesis medium to reach a totally new and special morphology does not reported before and a new approach to make a carbon coating. In general, the different morphologies and compositions of Na3V2(PO4)2F3-yOy are obtained separately by controlling and refining a series of synthesis methods. Their influences on the final electrochemistry of the material have also been investigated separately. These studies contribute to the understanding of this material from a fundamental point of view, thus facilitating further optimization
Koç, Tuncay. "In search of the best solid electrolyte-layered oxide pair in all-solid-state batteries". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS535.
Texto completo da fonteAll-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) that rely on the use of solid electrolytes (SEs) with high ionic conductivity are the holy grail for future battery technology, since it could theoretically enable achieving nearly 70 and 40 % increase in volumetric (Wh/l) and gravimetric (Wh/kg) energy densities, respectively, as well as enhanced safety compared to lithium-ion battery technology. To this end, the last decade has witnessed the development of ASSBs mainly through sulfide-based SEs pertaining to their favorable intrinsic properties. However, such advancements were not straightforward to unlock high-performing practical ASSBs because of complex interfacial decomposition reactions taking place at both negative and positive electrodes, leading to a worsening cycling life. Focusing on the positive electrode, this calls for a better understanding of electrochemical/chemical compatibility of SEs that is sorely needed for real-world applications.This work aims to provide answers regarding the best SE-layered oxide pair in composite cathode for ASSBs. By conducting a systematic study on the effect of nature of SEs in battery performances, we show that Li6PS5Cl performances rival that of Li3InCl6, both outperforming β-Li3PS4 and this, independently of the synthesis route. This is preserved when assembling solid-state cells since Li6PS5Cl pairing with layered oxide cathode shows the best retention upon cycling. This study also unravels that halides react with sulfides in hetero-structured cell design, hence resulting in a rapid capacity decay upon cycling stemming from interfacial decomposition reactions. To eliminate such interfacial degradation process, we suggest a surface engineering strategy that helps to alleviate the surface deterioration, unlocking highly performing ASSBs. Eventually, combined electrochemical, structural and spectroscopic analysis demonstrate that Li3InCl6 cannot withstand at higher oxidation potentials, resulting in decomposition products in contrast to what the theoretical calculations predicted
Portehault, David. "Synthèse par chimie douce en milieu aqueux d'oxydes de manganèse nano-structurés : des matériaux pour batteries au lithium ?" Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812589.
Texto completo da fonteFerrand, Adèle. "Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères à blocs anioniques utilisés en tant qu'électrolyte solide pour les batteries au lithium métallique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0131.
Texto completo da fonteThe elaboration of efficient batteries to promote the use of electric vehicles is a matter of primary importance for sustainable long-term development. Lithium-Metal Batteries (LMB) are among the most promising. However, such technology presents several safety issues due to dendritic growth. To overcome these drawbacks, studies are performed on solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) that combine both high conductivity and suitable mechanical properties to prevent the dendritic growth. One of the strategies to obtain a SPE displaying all the desired properties is the elaboration of block copolymers. Like so, a PEO bloc with high ionic conductivity is combined with suitable mechanical properties of another polymer. Currently, many materials could meet the different requirements, but only at 80°C. The aim of this thesis is to develop a polymer material offering good performances in terms of ionic conductivity and mechanical rigidity at 40 °C in order to limit the energy loss. Our strategy consists in reducing the crystallinity and the melting temperature of PEO to optimize its conductivity at low temperature. In order to do so, several block copolymer sets constituted of various linear PEO and anionic polymers have been synthesized by NMP. Interestingly, the block copolymers containing PEO with a low degree of crystallinity, due to the limitation of chain stereoregularity, display low melting temperatures (Tf < 40°C). Moreover, the one made of polycondensats of PEO exhibits a relatively high ionic conductivity (1.3×10-6 S.cm-1) at 40 °C while displaying strong mechanical properties (Ey=50MPa). This new material seems to be a promising SPE for LMB
Ferrand, Adèle. "Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères à blocs anioniques utilisés en tant qu'électrolyte solide pour les batteries au lithium métallique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0131.
Texto completo da fonteThe elaboration of efficient batteries to promote the use of electric vehicles is a matter of primary importance for sustainable long-term development. Lithium-Metal Batteries (LMB) are among the most promising. However, such technology presents several safety issues due to dendritic growth. To overcome these drawbacks, studies are performed on solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) that combine both high conductivity and suitable mechanical properties to prevent the dendritic growth. One of the strategies to obtain a SPE displaying all the desired properties is the elaboration of block copolymers. Like so, a PEO bloc with high ionic conductivity is combined with suitable mechanical properties of another polymer. Currently, many materials could meet the different requirements, but only at 80°C. The aim of this thesis is to develop a polymer material offering good performances in terms of ionic conductivity and mechanical rigidity at 40 °C in order to limit the energy loss. Our strategy consists in reducing the crystallinity and the melting temperature of PEO to optimize its conductivity at low temperature. In order to do so, several block copolymer sets constituted of various linear PEO and anionic polymers have been synthesized by NMP. Interestingly, the block copolymers containing PEO with a low degree of crystallinity, due to the limitation of chain stereoregularity, display low melting temperatures (Tf < 40°C). Moreover, the one made of polycondensats of PEO exhibits a relatively high ionic conductivity (1.3×10-6 S.cm-1) at 40 °C while displaying strong mechanical properties (Ey=50MPa). This new material seems to be a promising SPE for LMB
Cazayus-Claverie, Emmanuelle. "Matériaux pour les batteries Li-AIR : nouvelles approches vers des nano-hétérostructures spinelles/graphène pour électrode à air". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066508.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis research work is focused on the design and characterisation of cobalt based oxides nanospinels anchored onto the surface of reduced graphene oxides (RGO) nanosheet, which will serve as bifunctional catalysts for the new generation lithium-air batteries. Whereas nanospinels are relatively simple to synthesize by conventional colloidal routes as nanoparticles dispersed into an aqueous solution, the synthesis we developed relies on a hydrothermal microwave treatment in the 100°C-200°C range. The main challenges of this nano-heterostructures synthesis was to create the interface between the nanoparticles and the RGO directly during the nanoparticles nucleation. RGO are very efficient microwave absorbers and could then convert microwave irradiation into heat in order to trigger precipitation of the spinel at the surface of the RGO sheet.Starting from Co3O4 as proof-of-concept material, the synthesis protocol has been successfully adapted to address binary oxides by substituting cobalt with first row transition metals such as nickel, manganese or iron. The precipitation of binary and ternary oxides was achievable thanks to a good understanding of the Pourbaix diagrams of all cations to adjust the acido-basic and redox conditions.Finally, the electrocatalytic activity of these supported spinel oxides was measured for both the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions (ORR and OER). The gap between the ORR and the OER potentials was significantly lowered by the presence of Co3O4 nanoparticles on the RGO, thus assuring the reversibility of this catalytic system, which is to be integrated in future scale-up test
Lancel, Gilles. "Synthèse et caractérisation de membranes hybrides pour la conduction des ions lithium, et application dans les batteries lithium-air à électrolyte aqueux". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066011/document.
Texto completo da fonteAqueous lithium-air batteries could be a revolution in energy storage, but the main limitation is the use of a thick glass-ceramic lithium ionic conductor to isolate the metallic lithium from the aqueous electrolyte. This makes the system more fragile, limits its cyclability and increases ohmic resistance. The aim of this work is to replace the glass-ceramic by a hybrid membrane made by electrospinning, which combines water tightness, flexibility and lithium-ions conductivity. The ionic conductivity is provided by a nanostructured solid electrolyte ceramic: both Li1,4Al0,4Ti1,6(PO4)3 (LATP) and Li0,33La0,57TiO3 (LLTO) were studied. The water tightness is ensured by a fluorinated polymer. Different powders synthesis methods are reported and compared in terms of purity, microstructure, specific surface area and electrochemical properties. Especially, the LATP microwave-assisted synthesis is reported for the first time. Sub-micrometric LATP particles were obtained in times as short as 2 min. The fabrication of hybrid membranes from suspension is then reported. In a second approach, the coupling between sol-gel chemistry and electrospinning made possible the fabrication of a self-standing lithium-conducting network, made of interconnected crystalline nanofibers. After an impregnation step, a flexible, lithium-conducting and watertight hybrid membrane is obtained. A mechanical reinforcement is observed, which is attributed to the inorganic nanofibers. This approach is exposed for both LATP and LLTO solid electrolytes. This work opens new prospects in lithium-air, lithium-sulfur and lithium-ion batteries
Ati, Mohamed. "Synthèse, structures et propriétés des composés LiMSO4F (M = métal 3d) en tant que matériaux d'électrode positive pour batteries à ions Li". Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0118.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis has focused on the synthesis and characterization of new fluorosulfates compounds, namely LiMSO4F (M = 3d metals) as a new electrode materials for LIBs through different sustainable synthetic approaches. Among them, LiFeSO4F appears as a serious candidate for positive electrodes. Therefore, we tried, first, to obtain it using different synthesis methods (ionothermal, solvothermale, and solid-state process). Our structural and electrochemical investigations show its nice stability over cycling with attractive performances (3. 6 V vs. Li; Qth = 151 mAh/g). Afterward, our investigations of the other members of this family using other 3d metals (Co, Ni, Mn and Zn) revealed that both LiMnSO4F and LiZnSO4F crystallize in two differents structures namely triplite and sillimanite, respectively. Hence our motivation to study the solid solutions of LiMyFe1-ySO4F based on Mn and Zn. Surprisingly, the LiMyFe1-ySO4F (M = Mn, Zn) triplite type structure show a higher redox potential compare to the two others polymorphs (tavorite and sillimanite) in the range of 3. 9 V vs. Li. To our knowledge, this is the highest redox potential reported for Fe3+/Fe2+, so far. Moreover, these solid solutions powders show a nice stability over cycling with nominal capacities close to the theoretical ones. Thereafter, we prepared LiFeSO4F in the triplite type structure without adding Mn or Zn. The latter shows good electrochemical performances with nice structural stability during cycling. At last, we investigated a non lithied hydoryfluorosulfate compound (FeSO4F1-yOHy) as a new positive electrode material for lithium metal polymer batteries. This material was prepared using a solid-state process at 290°C and the electrochemical measurements show that it has nice performances with a redox potential located between 3. 2 and 3. 58 V vs. Li, as function of the amount of OH in the structure
Sun, Meiling. "Elaboration of novel sulfate based positive electrode materials for Li-ion batteries". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066686/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe increasing demand of our society for Li-ion batteries calls for the development of positive electrode materials, with specific requirements in terms of energy density, cost, and sustainability. In such a context, we explored four sulfate based compounds: a fluorosulfate – LiCuSO4F, and a family of oxysulfates – Fe2O(SO4)2, Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 and Li2VO(SO4)2. Herein their synthesis, structure, and electrochemical performances are presented for the first time. Being electrochemically inactive, LiCuSO4F displays an ordered triplite structure which is distinct from other fluorosulfates. The electrochemical activity of the oxysulfate compounds was explored towards lithium. Specifically, Fe2O(SO4)2 delivers a sustained reversible capacity of about 125 mA∙h/g at 3.0 V vs. Li+/Li0; Li2VO(SO4)2 and Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 respectively exhibit the highest potential of 4.7 V vs. Li+/Li0 among V- and Cu- based compounds. Last but not least, the Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 phase reveals the possibility of anionic electrochemical activity in a polyanionic positive electrode. Their physical properties, such as ionic conductivities and magnetic properties are also reported. Overall, this makes oxysulfates interesting to study as polyanionic positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries
Lander, Laura. "Exploration of new sulfate-based cathode materials for lithium ion batteries". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066330/document.
Texto completo da fonteLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the dominating electrical energy storage technology in the last two decades. However, depending on their applications, LIBs need to fulfill several requirements such as high energy density, low-cost, safety and sustainability. This calls for the development of new electrode materials. Focusing on the cathode side, we embarked on the synthesis of novel sulfate- and fluorosulfate-based polyanionic compounds. During the course of our study, we discovered a monoclinic KFeSO4F polymorph, whose structure was determined via combined X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. We could electrochemically extract K+ and reinsert Li+ into this new polymorphic “FeSO4F” matrix at an average potential of 3.7 V vs. Li+/Li0. We then turned towards fluorine-free materials and synthesized a new orthorhombic Li2Fe(SO4)2 phase, which presents appealing electrochemical properties in terms of working potential (3.73 and 3.85 V vs. Li+/Li0) and cycling stability. In a next step, we tested langbeinite K2Fe2(SO4)3 for its aptitude to intercalate Li+ once K+ is extracted, with however little success. Nevertheless, exploring other langbeinite K2M2(SO4)3 phases (M=3d transition metal), we discovered a new K2Cu2(SO4)3 compound, which crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure distinct from the langbeinite one. Finally, we investigated these compounds not only for their electrochemistry, but we were also able to demonstrate other interesting physical properties, namely magnetic features. Orthorhombic Li2Fe(SO4)2 and monoclinic KFeSO4F both present a long-range antiferromagnetic spin ordering whose symmetry allows a magnetoelectric effect
Lancel, Gilles. "Synthèse et caractérisation de membranes hybrides pour la conduction des ions lithium, et application dans les batteries lithium-air à électrolyte aqueux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066011.
Texto completo da fonteAqueous lithium-air batteries could be a revolution in energy storage, but the main limitation is the use of a thick glass-ceramic lithium ionic conductor to isolate the metallic lithium from the aqueous electrolyte. This makes the system more fragile, limits its cyclability and increases ohmic resistance. The aim of this work is to replace the glass-ceramic by a hybrid membrane made by electrospinning, which combines water tightness, flexibility and lithium-ions conductivity. The ionic conductivity is provided by a nanostructured solid electrolyte ceramic: both Li1,4Al0,4Ti1,6(PO4)3 (LATP) and Li0,33La0,57TiO3 (LLTO) were studied. The water tightness is ensured by a fluorinated polymer. Different powders synthesis methods are reported and compared in terms of purity, microstructure, specific surface area and electrochemical properties. Especially, the LATP microwave-assisted synthesis is reported for the first time. Sub-micrometric LATP particles were obtained in times as short as 2 min. The fabrication of hybrid membranes from suspension is then reported. In a second approach, the coupling between sol-gel chemistry and electrospinning made possible the fabrication of a self-standing lithium-conducting network, made of interconnected crystalline nanofibers. After an impregnation step, a flexible, lithium-conducting and watertight hybrid membrane is obtained. A mechanical reinforcement is observed, which is attributed to the inorganic nanofibers. This approach is exposed for both LATP and LLTO solid electrolytes. This work opens new prospects in lithium-air, lithium-sulfur and lithium-ion batteries
Milke, Bettina. "Synthese von Metallnitrid- und Metalloxinitridnanopartikeln für energierelevante Anwendungen". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6000/.
Texto completo da fonteThe development of new methods toward alternative clean energy production and efficient energy storage is a hot topic nowadays. In this context nanoscience has an important role to find suitable ways of increasing the efficiency of storage and production of energy of already known materials and new materials. However, until now the most well-known syntheses of MnN0,43 and Zr2ON2 nanoparticles lead to undefined particles. A simple, cheap and safe synthesis would offer the possibility of broader applications and scalability. We herein present the so-called urea-glass route which is used as a sol-gel process. This synthetic route leads to well-defined particle sizes, novel particle morphologies and allows the tailoring of the desired products. In the case of the synthesis of manganese nitride nanoparticles (MnN0,43), nanoparticles with a core-shell structure are obtained, their use as conversion materials in batteries is first introduced. On the other hand, the formation of zirconium oxynitride nanoparticles (Zr2ON2) can be easily influenced by varying the reaction conditions such as the amount of urea or the reaction temperature. The addition of small amounts of salt prevents the formation of carbon in the final product, leading to yellow Zr2ON2 nanoparticles with a size of d = 8 nm which show semiconductor behavior.
Robitaille, Amélie. "Synthèse et caractérisation de poly[5-alkyl-thieno-[3,4-c]-pyrrole-4,6-dione]s pour la fabrication d’électrodes de batteries lithium-ion". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25841.
Texto completo da fonteMir, Caroline. "Nouveaux sulfures complexes pour application aux batteries au lithium". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC037.
Texto completo da fonteSynthesis of new oxysulfides materials for lithium ion batteries. Exploratory work on solid state synthesis, research of new phases, and study of the electrochimical properties of these new materials. Transition metals wich will be tested : Mn, Fe, Ti ... cheap and non toxic. An electronic and ionic transport study about these new materials will be done
Ebert, Thomas. "Mehrlingspolymerisation in Substanz und an Oberflächen zur Synthese nanostrukturierter und poröser Materialien". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-215817.
Texto completo da fonteAuguste, Sandy. "Synthèse et caractérisation de composés dans le système lithium-métal de transition-phosphite pour des applications en tant que matériaux de batteries". Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENCR0011.
Texto completo da fonteThis work involves the research of new materials for applications as positive electrode materials in the field of lithium batteries. Our experiments focused on the hydrothermal synthesis route and characterization of compounds containing the phosphite group (HPO3)2- and various transition metals: vanadium, manganese and iron. The system based on vanadium has highlighted two original oxalatophosphites Li2(VOHPO3) C2O4, x H2O (x = 4 and 6) with lamellar structures whose thermal behaviors were studied in detail. The mobility of lithium by electrochemical and chemical routes was studied in a third original phase LiV(HPO3)2 of the same vanadium system. The study of the second system based on manganese revealed the original phases Li2Mn(HPO3)2 and LixMn11(HPO3)8(OH)6-xOx which were characterized and the electrochemical cycling was performed on the first compound. Finally, the last system containing iron was investigated and two new compounds, LiFe(HPO3)2, 3 H2O and LixFe11(HPO3)8(OH)6-xOx, were studied
Hosni, Bilel. "Élaboration par mécano-synthèse d'alliages à base Ti-Fe : caractérisation de leurs propriétés de stockage électrochimique d'hydrogène". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCA015.
Texto completo da fonteHydrogen is the potential solution to make a success of the energy transition of a current system basically based on fossil fuels towards a system friendly to environment. However, the storage of hydrogen is a big challenge that hinders its practical application in different areas.. Metal hydrides can store a large amount of hydrogen reversibly under good conditions (temperature, pressure, safety ...) compared to other storage modes (gaseous and liquid). In addition, these same materials are used as negative electrode in Nickel-Metal Hydride batteriesIn the first part of this thesis, Ti-Fe alloys were synthesized using mechanical alloying (MA) under argon atmosphere at room temperature, with different ball to powder weight ratio and at different milling times. In order to determine the optimal parameters of the elaboration the metallic composite were investigated using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (EDS support), chronopotentiometry, chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry,In the second part, the metallic compounds, TiFe+4%MWNTs, TiFe0.95-xMx, TiFe0.90M0.10 and TiFe0.90Mn0.05V0.05 (x=0.05, 0.15) (M : Mn or V), which are used as the negative electrode material for Ni-MH secondary batteries, were synthesized by mechanical alloying according to optimal parameters, previously determined.The effect of MWNT addition, the Mn and/or V partial substitution for Fe and the excess of titanium on the structural, morphological and electrochemical parameters such as activation, electrochemical discharge capacity, reversibility, cycle life time and hydrogen diffusion coefficient were investigated.The redox properties of the electrodes such as the Nernst potential and the exchange current density were studied based on Stern’s first law and the theoretical model of Bulter-Volmer.The electrochemical properties of studied samples show the best performance for TiFe+4% MWNTs alloy. Indeed, this alloy presents a rapid activation (1st cycle) and a best discharge capacity (266 mAhg-1) with a reversibility remaining unchanged
Geng, Lopez Joaquin. "Synthèse et caractérisations électrochimiques vis-à-vis du lithium de structures organiques polycarbonylées et/ou azotées pour application au stockage électrochimique de l’énergie". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0117.
Texto completo da fonteTo satisfy our electrical needs and being faced with a total lack of universal solution, any safe and reliable way to generate operative electricity could find a practical application. From this point of view efficient electrical storage technologies such as Li-ion batteries will have a crucial role to play. However, current technology nearly exclusively operates on inorganic insertion compounds synthesized from high temperature reactions and non renewable resources. The abundance and material life cycle costs of such batteries may present issues in the long term with foreseeable large scale applications. As possible alternative, we have put forward a radically different approach by developing low emission materials based on organic typically deriving from biomass. However, promoting organic-based electrode materials involves the difficult task of identifying stable redoxorganic materials able to reversibly react at both high and low potentials vs. Li. In this context we decided to synthesize and study the electrochemical properties of polycarbonylated compounds, and evaluate different structures. First we studied some nitrogen based derivatives, such as tetraketopiperazines and two derivatives of hexaazatriphenylene (HAT), then we have studied the substituant effect on the p-benzoquinone core and we tested vs Li the pyromellitic diimide dilithium salt. We were looking forward to create a robust experimental database of potential chemical structures in relation with their solid state electrochemical behavior towards lithium. We hope that these results will help us to develop new electro-active organic materials able to satisfy the present and future electrical needs
Pana, Cristina. "Development of new carbon hybrid materials for Li+ and Na+ ion batteries applications". Thesis, Mulhouse, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MULH0541.
Texto completo da fonteDuring the last years a lot of research has been focused on batteries to satisfy their increasing demand for a broad application. Metal-based/carbon hybrid materials received great attention as anodes for Li and Na ion batteries due to their higher capacity compared to graphite/hard carbons anodes. However, the metal particle size expansion and the high irreversible capacity during cycling are the main inconvenients to be overcome and represent the main goal of this thesis. Three type of hybrids were studied(C@Sn and C@SiO2for LIBs, and C@Sb for NIBs) and original synthesis pathways were developed which allowed to obtain materials with small and homogeneous distributed particles in the carbon network. Several experimental parameters were tuned leading to a large pallet of materials exhibiting different porosities, structures and particle size/distribution. The temperature and the particle loading were found to be the main parameters affecting the porosity and the particle size and further the electrochemical performances. The increase of both temperature and particle loading lead to smaller porosity which successfully allowed to diminish the irreversible capacity and to improve the reversible capacity. In the same time, the long-term cycling was negatively affected due to the formation of un-confined and agglomerated particles. The extent of particle agglomeration and consequently of capacity fading was found to depend on the type of metal and synthesis route. A compromise between the carbon loading/porosity/structure was determined for each system and the electrochemical mechanisms addressed based on post-mortem analyses