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Maranise, Anthony M. J. "Superstition & Religious Ritual: An Examination of Their Effects and Utilization in Sport". Sport Psychologist 27, n.º 1 (março de 2013): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.27.1.83.
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This article discusses the use of superstition and religious rituals within sport. While the popular view among skeptics seems to be that religious ritual is nothing more than superstition, I argue that while there admittedly are many similarities, there also exist major differences which separate superstition and religious ritual into distinct entities. The realm of sport is one widely known for the numerous exhibitions of both superstition and religious ritual. The examples of sport-related superstition and religious ritual are so numerous that they have even gained noted media attention in the past two decades. Thus, I situate both terms within the practical framework of sport participation. From this foundation, I define both terms in context and begin to examine the effects on athletes’ individual holistic development arguing that religious ritual leads ultimately to a greater holistic development than does superstition. Holistic development is examined in four aspects which are comprised of physiology, emotionality, intellectuality, and spirituality. The positive effects of religious ritual as applied within athletics are mentioned in each aforementioned category. I approach the topic from the perspective of the psychology of religion, sports psychology, as well as Judeo-Christian theological concepts regarding religious ritual. The numerous positive benefits of religious ritual over superstition within athletics lead to a final argument that religious ritual provides significant meaning to the lives of athletes in a way which superstition is simply unable.
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Pascal, Eva M. "Buddhist Monks and Christian Friars: Religious and Cultural Exchange in the Making of Buddhism". Studies in World Christianity 22, n.º 1 (abril de 2016): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2016.0134.
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There is a global consensus that various traditions practised throughout parts of Asia can all be linked to one cohesive religion called ‘Buddhism’. However, there is a long history as to how the West came to that consensus. Prior to the Iberian exploration, it was common to divide the religious world into four categories: Christianity, Judaism, Islam and all others under various permutations of superstition, heathenism or paganism. This article explores the rich encounter and exchange between Iberian friars and Buddhist monks, particularly in Siam (modern-day Thailand) that catalysed the identification of a common tradition in Asia thought to be centred on the person of the Buddha. It argues that one important part of the history of the identification of Buddhism as a single and bona fide religion begins with the encounter in the sixteenth century of Spanish friars with Buddhism. The social and political strength of institutional Buddhism in Siam, coupled with recognition of similar religious life and appreciation of ascetic values between monks and friars, triggers the identification by the friars of a distinct religion across Asia. The friars made the case that they were witnessing people with their own religion, distinguishable from undifferentiated superstition or idolatry. The consensus of the friars introduced an ideational core for the idea of Buddhism, based on one founder common to traditions in East and South-east Asia. These arguments set a foundation for Buddhism as a religion thought to closely mirror Christianity.
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Syreeni, Kari. "Separation and Identity: Aspects of the Symbolic World of Matt 6.1–18". New Testament Studies 40, n.º 4 (outubro de 1994): 522–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688500023973.
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A salient feature of the so-called cult-didache in Matt 6.1–18 is its concern for typically Jewish forms of piety. Almsgiving, prayer, and fasting are discussed in a way which to many commentators suggests an inner-Jewish debate. The provenance of the section would be a reform movement within Judaism with few distinctive Christian emphases. In contrast to this line of interpretation, it will be argued that the traditional cultic section as well as its redaction and incorporation into the Sermon on the Mount belong in a community which had broken its ties with Judaism decisively on a practical level. The community still adhered to the religious symbols of Judaism, but these symbols were filled with new meanings and were designed to legitimate what was basically a rather different symbolic world.
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Stenzel, Jürgen. "Constantin Brunners Auffassung des Jüdischen". Aschkenas 29, n.º 2 (1 de novembro de 2019): 267–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asch-2019-0017.
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Abstract »Jewishness« and »Jewish identity«, two of the most controversial concepts inside and outside the Jewish community, are center stage in Constantin Brunner’s thinking. Although he regarded religion as »superstition«, he himself was deeply rooted in religious traditions and the issue of Jewishness plays an important part in all of his works. Brunner is concerned with all questions traditionally related to Jewishness: the question of race and ethnicity, of religion and the question of Jewishness as historical heritage. In contrast to some of his prominent contemporaries, Martin Buber for instance, Brunner does not link »Jewishness« to race or ethnic heritage, but to cultural tradition. In the »spirit of Judaism« he finds the roots of his own mystical and spiritual thinking. On the political and social level, Brunner rejects the concept of a Jewish nation. A fervent advocate of assimilation, he saw himself not as a »Jewish« but as a »German« citizen of Jewish descent.
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Sevilla Godínez, Héctor. "Significados de la filosofía y la religiosidad judía en A. Heschel". Estudios: filosofía, historia, letras 21, n.º 145 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5347/01856383.0145.000308855.
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The Judaism has various cultural nuances, with implicit characteristics of the religious experience according to the philosophical perspective of Abraham Heschel. The text reviews some biographical and contextual aspects of Heschel, and alludes to the importance of knowledge, commitment and celebration in the Jewish worldview. Mysticism is linked to some specific attitudes of Jewish observance, such as willingness to study, following the Torah, and piety. The association between Judaism spiritual commitment and its intersectional conception of the infinite and the finite is emphasized.
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Yangarber-Hicks, Natalia. "Messianic Believers: Reflections on Identity of a Largely Misunderstood Group". Journal of Psychology and Theology 33, n.º 2 (junho de 2005): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164710503300206.
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Despite much progress made in understanding multicultural and religious diversity, certain ethnic and religious groups continue to be neglected by the psychological community. Messianic Judaism remains a largely misunderstood and ignored expression of cultural and spiritual diversity. Numerous fears and misconceptions persist within both Christian and Jewish communities with regard to this movement. Even less is known about the psychological experiences of individuals committed to Messianic Judaism as they navigate the mazeway of their identity. This article attempts to shed some light on aspects of psychological identity of Messianic believers by first presenting the historical and theological background of the movement and its influence on the current experiences of its adherents. Research on ethnicity and its psychological consequences is then used to elucidate unique aspects of Messianic identity. Finally, practical recommendations for mental health professionals working with this population and a future research agenda are provided.
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Reynolds, Gabriel Said. "On the Presentation of Christianity in the Qurʾān and the Many Aspects of Qur’anic Rhetoric". Al-Bayān – Journal of Qurʾān and Ḥadīth Studies 12, n.º 1 (8 de julho de 2014): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22321969-12340003.
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Many important western works on the Qurʾān are focused on the question of religious influences. The prototypical work of this genre is concerned with Judaism and the Qurʾān: Abraham’s Geiger’s 1833 Was hat Mohammed aus dem Judenthume aufgenommen, or “What Did Muhammad Acquire from Judaism?” In Geiger’s work – and the works of many who followed him – material in the Qurʾān is compared to similar material in Jewish or Christian literature in the hope of arriving at a better understanding of the Qurʾān’s origins. In the present article I argue that these sorts of studies often include a simplistic perspective on Qur’anic rhetoric. In order to pursue this argument I focus on a common feature of these works, namely a comparison between material in the Qurʾān on Christ and Christianity with reports on the teachings of Christian heretical groups. Behind this feature is a conviction that heretical Christian groups existed in the Arabian peninsula at the time of Islam’s origins and that these groups influenced the Prophet. I will argue that once the Qurʾān’s creative use of rhetorical strategies such as hyperbole is appreciated, the need to search for Christian heretics disappears entirely.
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Murshida Khatun, Md Amirul Islam, A.K.M. Abdul Latif e Md. Habibur Rahman. "Interfaith Marriage in Judaism and Christianity: Jewish-Christian Matrimonial Unions". DIROSAT: Journal of Education, Social Sciences & Humanities 2, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2024): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.58355/dirosat.v2i2.71.
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Interfaith marriage between individuals of Jewish and Christian faiths presents unique challenges and opportunities for religious coexistence and shared values. This study examines Jewish-Christian matrimonial unions, exploring the complexities and dynamics of such relationships. By analyzing the historical, theological, and social aspects of Judaism and Christianity, this study sheds light on the varying perspectives, traditions, and concerns surrounding interfaith marriages within these faith communities. Additionally, it investigates the impact of interfaith unions on religious identity, family dynamics, and the upbringing of children. By delving into the experiences and narratives of individuals in Jewish-Christian marriages, this study provides insights into the negotiation of religious differences, the preservation of cultural heritage, and the potential for mutual understanding and respect in interfaith relationships.
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Greenberger, Chaya. "Religion, Judaism, and the challenge of maintaining an adequately immunized population". Nursing Ethics 24, n.º 6 (27 de janeiro de 2016): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015623096.
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A slow but steady trend to decline routine immunization has evolved over the past few decades, despite its pivotal role in staving off life-threatening communicable diseases. Religious beliefs are among the reasons given for exemptions. In the context of an overview of various religious approaches to this issue, this article addresses the Jewish religious obligation to immunize. The latter is nested in the more general obligation to take responsibility for one’s health as it is essential to living a morally productive life. Furthermore, the individual’s responsibility extends to supporting communal health by contributing to herd immunity. Judaism embraces evidence-based information regarding immunization safety and efficacy and holds the resulting professional guidelines to be religiously binding. From a Jewish perspective, government bodies need to weigh respect for individual autonomy to refrain from immunization against preserving public safety, such that waiving autonomy should be reserved for immediately life-threatening situations. Nurses’ knowledge and understanding of the Jewish legal approach as explicated in this article and those of other religions in which similar principles apply (such as Islam and Christianity) can enrich their awareness of how revering God can go hand in hand with an obligation to prevent illness for the self and the community by immunizing.
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Shishigina, Maria. "Factors of Designing of Religious Identity Progressive Judaism’s Representatives by the Example of Moscow Community Le-dor Va-dor". Tirosh. Jewish, Slavic & Oriental Studies 18 (2018): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3380.2018.18.5.1.
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Identity in modern sociocultural discourse is one of the most actual issues that affects at epistemological, cultural and social processes. Variability, pluralism and the changing nature of the conditions in which the individual acts create certain models for choice. The problem of selfdetermination of an individual in such ambiguous discourse is put forward on one of the first plans of philosophical themes of the present day. The analysis of identity allows defining and explaining the changes in the social and personal aspects of self-determination of a person. Religion is the main factor of the individual’s identity, which creates the feeling that the world really is what it seems. Representatives of a religious minority have an additional element of solidarity based on isolation from representatives of the titular denomination of a certain region. In this article, an attempt has been made to comprehend the mechanisms for constructing the identity of representatives of progressive Judaism in Russia (on the example of the community of Le-dor Va-dor in Moscow). Analysis of the design of the identity of representatives of progressive Judaism allows us to identify the most significant constants in the ways of identifying a person in a multi-confessional modern society. The mere fact of the existence in Russia of progressive Judaism gives rise to the formation of specifically separate relationships between representatives of different currents of Judaism. In the religious space of the city of Moscow, the progressive community of Judaism occupies a significant place among the Jewish population, which, due to the processes of globalization, increasingly turns to religion as a factor of referring itself to a certain community. The strategy of building an identity by the progressive community of Judaism in Moscow shows that the community as a public institution based on the reproduction of established traditions takes its own specific features. The mechanisms of constructing religious identity within the framework of the community under consideration became the basis for group consolidation and acquired the status of significant for each individual within this community. This local version of progressive Judaism is largely different from the Western version and has its own specific features.
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Lupovitch, Howard. "Neolog: Reforming Judaism in a Hungarian Milieu". Modern Judaism - A Journal of Jewish Ideas and Experience 40, n.º 3 (12 de setembro de 2020): 327–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjaa012.
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Abstract This article explores the mentality of Neolog Judaism and how its early proponents fashioned a centrist, non-ideological alternative to both Orthodoxy and German-Jewish style Reform Judaism, an alternative that emphasized Judaism’s inherent compatibility with and adaptability to the demands of citizenship. Early proponents of this Neolog mentality, such as Aron Chorin and Leopold Löw, argued that adapting Jewish practice within the framework and systemic rules of Jewish law, precedent, and custom would not undermine a commitment to traditional Judaism in any way, as Orthodox jeremiads predicted; nor would it require the sort of re-definition of Judaism that Reform Jews advocated. Four aspects of Neolog mentality, in particular, laid the foundation for this outlook: a belief that Judaism has always been inherently malleable and diverse; a willingness to see leniency as no less authentic an option than stringency (in contrast to the “humra culture” that has defined Orthodox Judaism for the last two centuries); a preference for unity over schism (contra the secession of Orthodox communities in Germany and Hungary); and the use of halachic precedent and argumentation as a mandatory part of the rationale for innovation.
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Raubo, Grzegorz. "Fortune-telling Predictions in the Light of Faith and Reason. Religious Aspects of „Informacya matematyczna” by Wojciech Bystrzonowski". Tematy i Konteksty specjalny 1(2020) (2020): 150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/tik.spec.eng.2020.8.
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This article is focused on the criticism of the prophecies presented by Wojciech Bystrzonowski, an encyclopaedist and populariser of science, in his work „Informacya matematyczna” [Mathematical Information] (1743, 1749). The author discusses prophecies of sorcerers, physiognomy, palmistry, prophetic dreams and astrological predictions. He examines the cases of magical practices combined with religious beliefs, which he regards as dangerous manifestations of superstition. He also demonstrates that fortune-telling cannot be compatible with faith or the fundamental principles of rational reasoning. Furthermore, he emphasizes that for a critical evaluation of such predictions, the Jesuit rules for the discernment of spirits can be applied. The issues addressed in Bystrzonowski’s work are characteristic of the atmosphere of the intellectual change that took place in late Baroque and early Enlightenment.
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Botha, P. H., e F. J. Van Rensburg. "Seksuele reinheid voor die huwelik in Korinte in die eerste eeu nC". Verbum et Ecclesia 23, n.º 1 (6 de setembro de 2002): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v23i1.1199.
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Sexual purity before marriage in Corinth in the first century BC A socio-historical overview on the ethical codes within Judaism, Hellenism, and early Christianity shows that very definite codes were in place. Sexual purity within Judaism was based on two aspects, namely a property code and an ethical code. Early Christianity inherited its sexual ethics from Judaism and has reinterpreted it in the light of the Gospel. The moral status of Corinth was to a great extent the outcome of its religious and social history. The Christian community existed within these circumstances, but experienced problems in coping with the moral situation of its time. The Jewish, Graeco-Roman and Christian communities existed alongside each other in the city of Corinth and each of these groups had a code of conduct for sexual purity. It would seem that the different ethical codes for sexual purity had much in common. Virginity was a prerequisite, especially for unmarried females.
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Kurkliński, Lech. "Cultural and religious attitude to banking in the great world religions". Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym 20, n.º 7 (25 de fevereiro de 2017): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.20.7.05.
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The article examines the attitude of the great world religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Confucianism) toward the world of finance, including banking. The issue of usury plays a key role in the evolution of ethical aspects related to obtaining compensation for money lending. The presented analysis also focuses on other aspects of banking activities, such as saving, investing and the institutional development of the banking sector. The author underlines the far-reaching convergence between the religions in this area, in spite of the considerable variation in historical and geographical conditions of their formation. The importance of cultural (religious) differences, including some fundamental nuances that affect the banking management in different regions. For successful development, large multinational corporations have to take into consideration the above-mentioned circumstances, regardless of the globalisation processes.
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Radchenko, Liudmyla. "Bratslav Hasids: historical aspects of the origin and functioning of the orthodox movement in Judaism". ScienceRise, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.001788.
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The object of research: Bratslav Hasids as a component of the orthodox movement in Judaism.
Investigated problem: historical aspects of the emergence of the orthodox movement in Judaism, the reasons for its spread among the Jewish population of Volhynia, Galicia and Podillya.
The main scientific results: the historical aspects of the origin of the orthodox movement in Judaism, the reasons for its spread among the Jewish population of Volhynia, Galicia and Podillya, as a way to achieve the formation of the Jewish religion are analyzed. The role of one of the most influential movements of Bratslav Hasids, founded and led by Rabbi Nachman of Bratslav, the main guidelines of his teachings, the reasons for its rapid spread among the communities of Ukraine and many countries, the place of tzaddiks (righteous) – heirs-mediators between God and believers. Highlights the thorny path that believers took to obtain permission to celebrate the Jewish New Year – Rosh Hashanah, other holidays at the grave of his teacher and mentor, to resolve issues regarding the coordination and construction of the synagogue of the Pantheon-Temple of Rabbi Nachman, hotel, mikvah (ritual pool) for recitation before prayer), other objects. A prominent place in the study is identified by the problems of pilgrims arriving in Uman, their resettlement, everyday life, relations with the local population, law enforcement agencies, security issues and more. Given the growing interest in the teachings of Tzaddik Nachman, the phenomenon of this phenomenon needs further study.
The area of practical use of the research results: the results of the study can be used by public administration and local government in determining public policy in the field of religion, mechanisms for solving its current problems, during the development and teaching of courses on public administration, history of religion, world history and history of Ukraine.
Innovative technological product: on the basis of numerous sources, materials, some of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, a significant gap is filled in ideas about the process of religious orthodox movement in Judaism, the reasons for its spread in Ukraine and many countries and the problem of pilgrims coming to Uman, which contributed to the transformation of the city of Uman into the world capital of Bratslav Hasids.
Scope of the innovative technological product: the practice of forming, implementing and improving the system of state regulation by religious organizations.
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Bochkovar, A. S. "Pilgrimage in world religions as a cultural phenomenon". Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), n.º 10 (26 de outubro de 2023): 865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2310-05.
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The article analyzes the modern aspects of the development of pilgrimage in Islam, Christianity, Judaism. It is proposed to evaluate different stages in the history of pilgrimage development based on the study of current research on this topic. The legal aspects of maintaining and protecting pilgrimage are highlighted both at the national level of different countries and within the framework of international law, since such a phenomenon of world culture is not an ordinary familiarization trip, but is associated with the age-old traditions of different religions that allow millions of believers of different nations to manifest faith through a collective religious ritual.
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Rahman, Syahrul, e Hamdani Hamdani. "Menstrual Taboo; Menguji Wasathiyatul Islam Pada Menstruasi". Jurnal Ulunnuha 9, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2020): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/ju.v9i2.1679.
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Al-Quran gives a firm statement about Muslims as ummatan wasathan which interpreted as the best people or middle people. Al-Quran scholar state that the term of wasathan in al-Baqarah verse 143 applies to all aspect of life, including the aspects of faith, law, worship and others. Based on this verse, moderate Islamic concept is presented, it's just this term is often used to assess religious understanding within the body of Islam itself, while the row of verses talks about the mystical conflicts of the companions of the Prophet after hearing the comments of the Jews and Christians regarding the movement Qibla direction of Muslims. There was a shift in the use of term wasathiyah in Indonesia from a comparison between people (religion) to a comparison of religious understanding in Islam its self. The approach method used in this article is an interpretive approach This article aims to examine the modernity of Islam in the legal aspects of menstruation compared to Judaism and Christianity. These three religious teachings see women who are menstruating should be kept away, it's just there are significant differences in its application. Some make a menstruation women kept away physically like Jews and Christianity. Some others avoid it in the sense they are not justified to perform ritual worship like Islam. This research proves that the teachings of Islam are lighter / more moderate in viewing women who are menstruating compared to Judaism and Christianity and at the same time this confirms the interpretation of scholars towards the word wasathiyah applies to all aspects of life including menstruation.
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Bis, Wojciech, e Wiesław Więckowski. "Archaeological Aspects of Jewish Burial Rite". Fasciculi Archaeologiae Historicae 36 (6 de dezembro de 2023): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.23858/fah36.2023.005.
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Archaeological research in relation to Jewish cemeteries is rarely undertaken, which is why any excavations, often carried out on the occasion of investments, are extremely valuable. The excavations in the area of two Masovian cemeteries, in Bródno in Warsaw and in Węgrów, were also of a verification nature. In Bródno, an attempt was made to mark the southern border of the cemetery, and in Węgrów, an attempt was made to establish the existence of a cemetery, the extent of which is not visible in the field. In both cases, archaeological research was carried out in cooperation with the Rabbinical Commission for Cemeteries and in accordance with the guidelines considering the attitude of Judaism to human remains. Based on source and religious texts, a set of features has also been created that help in identifying burials (and cemeteries).
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Batnitzky, Leora. "Between Ancestry and Belief: “Judaism” and “Hinduism” in the Nineteenth Century". Modern Judaism - A Journal of Jewish Ideas and Experience 41, n.º 2 (5 de abril de 2021): 194–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjab001.
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Abstract This article argues that thinking about disputed conceptions of religious conversion helps us understand the emergence of both Jewish and Indian nationalism in the nineteenth century. In today’s world, Hindu nationalism and Zionism are most often understood to be in conflict with various forms of Islamism, yet the ideological formations of both developed in the context of Christian colonialism and, from the perspectives of Jewish and Indian reformers and nationalists, the remaking of Hinduism and Judaism in the image of Christianity. Even as they internalized some aspects of Protestant criticisms of “Judaism” and “Hinduism,” nineteenth century Jewish and Hindu reformers opposed definitions of “Judaism” and “Hinduism” based upon what they regarded as a one-sided emphasis on individual belief at the expense of ancestry and national identity. In making arguments about what constituted “Judaism” and “Hinduism” respectively, Jewish and Hindu reformers also rejected what they claimed was the false universalism of Christianity, as epitomized by Christian missionizing. For Jewish and Hindu reformers of the nineteenth century, “Jewish” and “Hindu” ties to ancestry marked not a parochial intolerance of others, as many Christians had long maintained, but a true universalism that, unlike Christian missionizing, allowed, promoted and embraced human difference. In these ways, contested characterizations of “Judaism” and “Hinduism” in the nineteenth century set in motion a series of arguments about conversion that became central to Jewish and Indian nationalism, some of which remain relevant for understanding conversion controversies in Israel and India today.
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Taub, Emmanuel. "JEWISH PHILOSOPHY AND EDUCATION: THINKING ARGENTINA’S DIASPORA FROM THE THEOLOGY OF FRANZ ROZENZWEIG". RELIGION AND POLITICS IN LATIN AMERICA 9, n.º 1 (1 de junho de 2015): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54561/prj0901053t.
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Latin American Jewish philosophy requires us to rethink the categories of Philosophy and Judaism. In order to articulate these two dimensions it is necessary to understand that Jewish philosophy must start from the attributes of the Jewish tradition. The matter of the education and Jewishness comes from the beginning of Judaism. Throughout the Twentieth Century, the Diaspora in Modern States acquired its peculiarities in relation to these two dimensions, education and Jewishness. Both aspects have been developed in the work of Franz Rosenzweig, one the most important Jewish philosophers of the century. The main goal of this paper is to rethink the core of Rosenzweig’s thought and his dialogues with Martin Buber and Hermann Cohen. Therefore, we will be able to explain the diaspora’s peculiarities in relation to Jewish identity and education in Latin America, especially in Argentina.
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Loewenthal, Kate Miriam, e Lamis S. Solaim. "Religious Identity, Challenge, and Clothing: Women’s Head and Hair Covering in Islam and Judaism". Journal of Empirical Theology 29, n.º 2 (6 de dezembro de 2016): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15709256-12341344.
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This qualitative research examined the issues of women’s head covering in Islam and Judaism. It focuses on the role played by head-covering decisions in the development of religious identity. Translated sources of Islamic and Jewish law on modest dress set the context of religious rulings in which women wrestle with decisions about head-covering. Ten practising Muslim and Jewish women were interviewed about their experiences of head/hair covering. Head/hair covering was seen as an expression of identity, and as a way of managing identity. It is a key topic for both Muslim and Jewish women, central in identity development and in decisions relating to identity development, identity threat, acculturation, spirituality, and social relations with men. The role of dress is one of many aspects of ritual deserving closer attention from psychologists of religion, along with the more general topic of the impact of religious practice on religious and spiritual development.
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Sax, Benjamin E. "Judaism, Experience, and the Secularizing of Life: Revisiting Walter Benjamin’s Montage of Quotation". Religions 13, n.º 11 (28 de outubro de 2022): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13111033.
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Most scholarship on the life and thought of Walter Benjamin does not seriously engage the phenomenon of religion or the philosophy of religion in his thought. While some scholarship considers Benjamin a German-Jewish thinker, placed in the company of luminaries such as Martin Buber, Franz Rosenzweig, and Gershom Scholem, most readers assume that Benjamin’s secular identity motivated most of his inquiries and critical thinking. However, focusing on a secular sensibility obscures important elements of religious traditions in Benjamin’s writings. In fact, Benjamin suggested that widely contemporary institutions like capitalism, art, and even at times science contained poignant traces of religion and religious thought. In this article, I examine these traces by revisiting his montage of quotation, which, I argue, is where we see the most salient aspects of the use of Judaism in Benjamin’s thought. His desire to secularize life was inexorably related to his interpretations of experience and of Judaism. I will argue that not only did Benjamin, in fact, use Jewish theological language and imagery through his montage of quotation, but also, he used this method to secularize contemporary theological-political-aesthetic paradigms. I will also argue that this method—primarily understood through his idiosyncratic use of Jewish imagery—is critical to the writing of history.
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Lössl, Josef. "HIERONYMUS UND EPIPHANIUS VON SALAMIS ÜBER DAS JUDENTUM IHRER ZEIT". Journal for the Study of Judaism 33, n.º 4 (2002): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700630260385149.
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AbstractCompared to other Christian authors of the late 4th, early 5th century A.D. Jerome and Epiphanius of Salamis frequently write about Jews and Judaism. And they do so in a historical and biographical context which they largely share. Their frequent use of anti-Jewish polemics, however, has earned them a certain notoriety. But, as is argued in this paper, while their attitude in this respect is, of course, deplorable, it may be less a sign of their ignorance of, and distance from, than their proximity to, the Judaism of their time. Both, Jerome and Epiphanius, draw from very early Christian sources, sources still close to their Jewish roots. They define orthodoxy and heresy in terms of religious practices, very similar to Rabbinic Judaism, they are obsessed with scriptural detail, they reject the veneration of images, and they are interested in the languages and cultures of the Bible, far more than any other of their Christian contemporaries, or, indeed, Christians of any age. Considering their influential role in the history of Christian theology it may be worth looking at some of these aspects in detail, and see how they could have contributed not so much to the exclusion as to the preservation of the Jewish heritage in Christianity.
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Nati, James. "The Rolling Corpus". Dead Sea Discoveries 27, n.º 2 (19 de junho de 2020): 161–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685179-02702002.
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Abstract Drawing on insights from the field of Book History, the article draws out connections between the material aspects of the Qumran corpus on the one hand and textual pluriformity on the other, paying particular attention to the Serekh ha-Yaḥad. The article suggests that the large-scale pluriformity exhibited by texts such as the Serekh is best understood in light of certain material features particular to skin scrolls, and that opisthographs ought to be integrated into discussions of textual pluriformity. The article concludes by offering more general comments about the effects of the scroll on writing and reading practices in early Judaism.
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Heschel, Susannah. "The Philological Uncanny: Nineteenth-Century Jewish Readings of the Qur'an". Journal of Qur'anic Studies 20, n.º 3 (outubro de 2018): 193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2018.0358.
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Is the Qur'an a Jewish book? When Jews first began studying and analysing Qur'anic texts as students at German universities in the 1830s, they experienced what this essay calls a ‘philological uncanny’—elements and aspects which are both recognisable and alien, giving a sense of being at home and in a different place simultaneously. The Qur'an, in that moment of first reading, may well have appeared uncanny to these young Jewish students, suddenly rendering in Arabic, in the Scripture of Islam, words from the Hebrew of the Mishnah. This article follows the experience and interpretation of these elements in the writing of key figures among Jewish scholars of Islam from the 1830s to the 1930s. These Jewish scholars, raised in religiously observant homes and given a classical Orthodox Jewish education in Talmud and its commentaries, played a central role in establishing the field of Islamic Studies in Europe. From Abraham Geiger (1810–1874) and Gustav Weil (1808–1888), to Ignaz Goldziher (1850–1921) and Eugen Mittwoch (1876–1942), they shaped an approach to the Qur'an that placed it within the context of rabbinic Judaism, outlining parallel texts and religious practices, even as they also created an important stream of Jewish self-definition in which Judaism and Islam were identified as the two most intimate monotheistic religions.
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Yilmaz, Ihsan, Nicholas Morieson e Mustafa Demir. "Exploring Religions in Relation to Populism: A Tour around the World". Religions 12, n.º 5 (25 de abril de 2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12050301.
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This paper explores the emerging scholarship investigating the relationship between religion(s) and populism. It systematically reviews the various aspects of the phenomenon going beyond the Western world and discusses how religion and populism interact in various contexts around the globe. It looks at Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, and Christianity and how in different regions and cultural contexts, they merge with populism and surface as the bases of populist appeals in the 21st century. In doing so, this paper contends that there is a scarcity of literature on this topic particularly in the non-Western and Judeo-Christian context. The paper concludes with recommendations on various gaps in the field of study of religious populism.
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MAGOMEDKHANOV, MAGOMEDKHAN M., ROBERT CHENCINER e SAIDA M. GARUNOVA. "ETHNO-RELIGIOUS AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE PRE-SOVIET GOVERNMENT OF THE DAGESTAN REGION". Study of Religion, n.º 1 (2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2072-8662.2019.1.29-37.
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The article studies ethno-religious / confessional and legal aspects in the pre-Soviet practice of government of the Dagestan region. The Russian Empire was one of the most varied in the world with regard to the ethnic and religious relations. By the end of the 19th century, the Russian Empire covered an area of almost 22.5 million square km., and its 125.7 million population included, in addition to Russians (about 42.0%), two hundred peoples, followers of various religions and beliefs, including Islam (11.1%), Judaism (4, 2%) and Buddhism (0.5%). With the incorporation of Dagestan into Russia, in 1868 the feudal form of government or the Khanate(s) was abolished. The institutions of civil self- government of rural societies were adapted to the general imperial goals of government and subordinated to the tsarist administration. In general, administrative and territorial delimitation at grassroots level corresponded to the traditional divisions of rural societies. The former administrative division into “naibstva” (administrative units, from Arabic نَائِب (nāʾib) assistant, deputy head) was retained...
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Khruleva, I. Yu. "Western European Intellectual Practices of a New Type in Russian Everyday Life at Early 18th Century (case of Feofan Prokopovich)". MGIMO Review of International Relations 15, n.º 6 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2022-6-87-166-178.
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The focus of this study is the views of Feofan Prokopovich, a unique Orthodox thinker whose world outlook was shaped by an obvious influence of the ideas of the Protestant and Catholic Enlightenment. Talking about the Enlightenment, modern historiography focuses on the versatility of the phenomenon, preferring to talk about the Enlightenment, including the religious or confessional Enlightenment, aimed at rethinking the role of religion and the church. The Religious Enlightenment was a pan-European phenomenon that embraced Protestantism, Catholicism, Judaism, and Orthodoxy, and grew out of the desire to create an intelligent religion free of superstition and serving society. The intellectual movement of the religious Enlightenment sought to reconcile the natural philosophy of the 17th-18th centuries with a religious worldview, while trying to overcome the extremes of religious fanaticism, on the one hand, and nihilism and godlessness, on the other. The process of forming a new intellectual environment is marked by the coexistence and mutual influence of the most diverse, sometimes poorly compatible traditions, their transformation and modification. Comprehensively arguing the need for unlimited autocracy in Russia, Feofan Prokopovich, nevertheless, actively used the discourse of the Enlightenment in his writings, discussing the problem of the origin of the state, the mode of government, the boundaries of the power of the monarch, the rights and duties of subjects. On the example of Feofan Prokopovich, we can talk about the emergence and rooting of intellectual practices of a new type in Russian everyday life. The integration of Western European ideas and practices into Russian culture was ambiguous, multifaceted and depended on their adaptation to the socio-political space of Russia. Being well acquainted with the works of European authors of the 17th early 18th centuries, he rather took on the formal side of their discussions on socio-political topics, adapted a conceptual glossary that was new for the Russian educated public, which opened up opportunities for talking about politics in a new way.
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Muliana, Siti, e Muhammad Nasruddin. "Treading The Footsteps of Wali Songo as The Shaper of Islam Nusantara Tradition". Sunan Kalijaga: International Journal of Islamic Civilization 4, n.º 1 (30 de março de 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v4i1.1992.
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The focus of this article is to examine the footsteps of Wali Songo in shaping the tradition of Islam Nusantara. As is known, the Wali Songo period was a period of formation of the Nusantara Islamic tradition which began in the 14th century AD. This topic is considered important because the period of formation of the Nusantara Islamic tradition needs to be relevant to today's diversity. In addition, the purpose of choosing this topic is also a response to the religious attitudes of contemporary Islamic society and the various notions that have emerged under the pretext of the Nusantara Islam tradition, which is forbidden because of shirk and superstition. Studying based on socio-historical aspects is the study method used in writing this article. The conclusions reached are, first, Wali Songo is the main agent who plays a major role in shaping the tradition of Islam Nusantara. Second, there are three efforts by Wali Songo in shaping the tradition of Islam Nusantara, nameky prioritizing religious substance rather than formality, spreading religious substance through popular culture, and prioritizing opennes to local traditions.
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Schulz, Sarah. "Between History and Theology—Zerubbabel and Nehemiah as Governors of Judah from the Perspective of Literary History". Religions 14, n.º 4 (14 de abril de 2023): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14040531.
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Hag/Zech 1–8 and Ezr/Neh have in common that they are often rated as primary sources when it comes to the development of Second Temple Judaism(s). Consequently, it is mostly assumed that the Persian governors of Judah (like the Persian kings) significantly contributed to the (re-)formation of the Jewish community in Jerusalem after the exile: Zerubbabel built the temple, Nehemiah the wall of Jerusalem. As a rule of thumb, literary analysis within these books, if applied at all, is less critical than elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible. However, a literary critical approach gives rise to serious doubts about the historic reliability of these accounts. Based on a literary critical analysis of the relevant texts from Hag/Zech 1–8 and Neh, this article aims to show that it is only in the course of redaction history that the office of governor of Judah is ascribed to both individuals. Thus, the attribution of the office of governor to them reflects theological interests and concerns in the early Second Temple Period rather than the historical reality. As the texts not only attribute aspects of royal leadership to Zerubbabel and Nehemiah as governors of Judah, but also present the holders of a Persian office as custodians of Jewish interests (temple and Torah), it will be argued that the texts contribute to the political and religious reorganization of Judaism and, thus, to the formation of a collective Jewish identity.
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Kucera, Dusan. "Religious Roots of Innovative Thinking". International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration 1, n.º 12 (2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.112.1001.
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The study is based on the identifying religious (spiritual) factors important for innovative thinking in entrepreneurship and management. The author uses the Weber´s inspiring perspective analyzing the capitalism through the innovative religious concepts. It means that besides philosophical, sociological and psychological aspects there are very important and powerful religious roots which have a major impact on the emergence, development, and maintenance of the economic environment, business and management. These “self-transcendent” factors are described as fundamental roots used till today in the general spiritual concepts creating the needed frame and support of innovative thinking in entrepreneurial and managerial activities looking for any “new spirit of capitalism”. Identified spiritual character of business potentials is distinguished by positive and negative spiritual (religious) factors based on world’s religions. General religious (spiritual) factors are reflected on the background of basic selected religious systems Judaism, Christianity (Protestantism, Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy) Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and other Asian directions. The study culminates in the discovery of religiosity of the capitalism itself. All the above-mentioned points are important contribution for better understanding of current multi-cultural and multi-religious growing trends.
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Chipman, Leigh N. B. "Mythic Aspects of the Process of Adam's Creation in Judaism and Islam". Studia Islamica, n.º 93 (2001): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1596106.
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Mukai, Naoki. "H. Steinthal: A Psychologist of the Jewish People". European Journal of Jewish Studies 6, n.º 2 (2012): 275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1872471x-12341237.
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Abstract This paper deals with the concept of Judaism by H. Steinthal (1823–1899), a renowned linguist in nineteenth-century Germany and a lecturer at the Hochschule für Wissenschaft des Judentums. The first part (sections 1–3) outlines his early education and scholarly development with regard to Völkerpsychologie, which strives to clarify the mental characteristics of peoples in the richness and pletitude of their diversity. Through his intensive study of the works by Wilhelm von Humboldt, Steinthal constructed his own theory of linguistics, which would play a crucial role in that socio-psychological study of the culture represented by the discipline of Völkerpsychologie. The second part (sections 4–6) discusses in the main Steinthal’s commitment to Judaism in regard to personal, public and cultural aspects. Throughout this part of the paper, the role of emotional elements within his concept of Judaism is emphasized. As Dieter Adelman has pointed out, the notion of devotion (Andacht) constitutes the crux of his view on religious practice, even if Steinthal offered a quite rational (and almost atheistic) concept of religion, inclusive of Judaism. Section 6 explores Steinthal’s treatise on Deuteronomy (Das fünfte Buch Mose/Die erzählende Stücke im fünften Buch Mose) as a work of Völkerpsychologie. In this treatise, Steinthal sought to find a coherency of Deuteronomy, which originally consists of various sources, as Bible studies had revealed already in the mid-nineteenth century. Steinthal found it in the prosaic style of Deuteronomy, which he characterized as ‘charming’ and ‘endearing’, and it marked for him the birth of Jewish national literature and Jewish national spirit or national mind (Volksgeist). In conclusion, his treatise is reconsidered in its historical context. It was a challenge to reconstruct a synthetic view of Jewish literature, after Bible studies and the Wissenschaft des Judentums had pointed up the great variety and diversity within the history of Jews. Hermann Cohen succeeded in this task, building on Steinthal, in his major work, Religion of Reason Out of the Sources of Judaism.
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Foster, Paul. "Educating Jesus: The Search for a Plausible Context". Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus 4, n.º 1 (2006): 7–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476869006061776.
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AbstractMany reconstructions of the life of the historical Jesus have tended to portray him as being born into illiterate peasant stock. By so doing, significant statements in the Gospels, both canonical and non-canonical, are ignored. While much caution is needed, since there is a tendency to valorize the young Jesus in early Christian literature and to heighten miraculous events surrounding his childhood, nonetheless there are indicators that Jesus' background did not reflect the lowest echelons of Galilean peasantry. Instead, it is suggested that internal Gospel evidence and knowledge of aspects of the social milieu of first-century Judaism give weight to seeing Jesus as a person with what would now be classified as functional on basic literacy levels.
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Kurkliński, Lech. "Kulturowo-religijny stosunek do bankowości a wielkie religie świata". Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym 18, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2015): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1899-2226.18.3.04.
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The article is dedicated to the attitude of the great world religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and Confucianism) to the world of finance, including banking. The issue of usury plays a key role together with the evolution of ethical aspects related to obtaining compensation for money lending. The analysis is focused on the other aspects of banking activities, such as saving, investing, and institutional development of the banking sector as well. The author underlines the far-reaching convergence between religions in this area, in spite of the considerable variation in historical and geographical conditions of their formation. The importance of cultural (religious) differences, including the nuances or more fundamental aspects, has a significant impact on bank management in different regions. For successful development, large multinational corporations have to take into consideration the abovementioned circumstances, regardless of globalization processes.
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Asriadi, Asriadi. "Komunikasi Interelasi Antarummat Beragama Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Plural". Al-MUNZIR 15, n.º 1 (31 de maio de 2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31332/am.v15i1.3288.
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Interrelation between religious communities is a challenge faced by the world's religions today. All religions tend to have a claim to absolutism, be it Islam, Christianity, Hinduism or Judaism. The particularistic-subjective claims of adherents of monotheism will have an impact on inter-religious conflicts. The differences between religions are only at the level of exotericism, while at the level of esotericism there is a meeting point. We cannot ignore the differences that exist within each religion to draw the conclusion that “all must be one”. In understanding the issue of religions, it is necessary to have a multicultural approach, where this approach tries to keep away from absolute, subjective and exclusive attitudes that put forward the moral and social aspects of religion.
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Zank, Michael. "Zwischen den Stühlen? On the Taxonomic Anxieties of Modern Jewish Philosophy". European Journal of Jewish Studies 1, n.º 1 (2007): 105–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187247107780557191.
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AbstractAs a subfield of Jewish Studies modern Jewish philosophy is haunted by challenges arising from the culturally specific circumstances and original goals pursued by the Jewish philosophers of the past that are no longer immediately accessible. This essay looks at systematic and historical aspects of Jewish philosophy with the aim of determining ways of retrieving the plausibility of a taxonomically problematic field operating at the intersections of philosophy, history, religion, and Judaism.
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Homolka, Walter, e Andrzej Pryba. "Preparations for Marriage in the Jewish and Catholic Traditions". Religions 15, n.º 1 (2 de janeiro de 2024): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15010062.
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In many churches nowadays, there has been a standardized approach to premarital counseling for couples involving social, pastoral, and psychological perspectives. In contrast, many rabbis and other Jewish officials still concentrate on legal aspects alone. The need for resolving important issues on the verge of wedlock is too often left to secular experts in law, psychology, or counseling. However, in recent years, this lack of formal training for marriage preparation has also been acknowledged by the Jewish clergy in order to incorporate it in the preparatory period before the bond is tied. This case study focuses on Jewish and Roman Catholic conceptions of marriage, past and present. We intend to do a comparative analysis of the prerequisites of religious marriage based on the assumption that both Judaism and the Roman Catholic Church have a distinct legal framework to assess marriage preparation.
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Gilad, Jacob, e Lia Moran. "From Folklore to Scientific Evidence: Breast- Feeding and Wet-Nursing in Islam and the Case of Non-Puerperal Lactation". International Journal of Biomedical Science 3, n.º 4 (15 de dezembro de 2007): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2007.3251.
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Breast-feeding practice has an important medical and socio-cultural role. It has many anthropological aspects concerning the "power structures" that find their expression in breast-feeding and the practices that formed around it, both socially, scientifically, and legally-speaking. Breast-feeding has been given much attention by religions and taboos, folklore, and misconception abound around it making it a topic of genuine curiosity. This paper aims at expanding the spectrum of folklore associated with breast-feeding. The paper deals with historical, religious, and folkloristic aspects of breast-feeding, especially wet-nursing, in Islam and focuses on an intriguing Islamic tale on breast-feeding - lactation by non-pregnant women (or non-puerperal lactation). Apparently, accounts of non-puerperal lactation are not restricted to Islam but have been documented in various societies and religions throughout centuries. Two medical situations - hyperprolactinemia and induced lactation, appear as possible explanations for this phenomenon. This serves as an excellent example for the value of utilizing contemporary scientific knowledge in order to elucidate the origin, anthropology and evolvement of ancient myth and superstition.
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Hasan, Mariwan, e Latef Noori. "Ayad Akhtar’s American Dervish: Analysis and Revaluation". ISSUE NINE 5, n.º 2 (28 de dezembro de 2021): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25079/ukhjss.v5n2y2021.pp6-13.
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Apparently the best and yet the most famous work by Ayad Akhtar is American Dervish which was published in 2012. It has gained quick attention, but not by many, as a debut novel about the identity issue. Yet, no studies have been devoted to studying the novel from an analytical point of view of Pakistani-American migrants’ issues in America, in general. However, the novel has received some attention, there remain some aspects, in our view, and an essential aspect amongst them is the analytical study of the novel, which is not explored yet. In general migrants to new countries will usually face difficulty and especially if they are followers of a different religion. Also, the difference in their culture with culture of the country they migrate to will be an obstacle in integrating themselves into the new culture as seen in the character of Hayat Shah’s father; whereas to some extent different for Hayat himself. Hayat befriends a Jewish girl and neglects Islam and similarly his father becomes friend with a Jewish teacher, Nathan. It is not easy for the migrant people to integrate into the American culture and tolerate the other religious beliefs such as Judaism as it is quite a novel experience for them. The migrants obligingly ignore their surrender to their own Islamic religion and assimilate into the Judaism and American culture, which is very difficult. These are the two key aspects that the paper focuses on by analyzing and highlighting the challenges that Hayat Shah and his family members face in America. Akhtar demonstrates the difficulty for the migrant characters between either choosing Islam or Judaism or secularism to be able to live like Americans.
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Renger, Almut-Barbara, Juliane Stork e Philipp Öhlmann. "Religion and Ecology: Perspectives on Environment and Sustainability across Religious Traditions". Religion and Development 2, n.º 3 (13 de março de 2024): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/27507955-20230030.
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Abstract This editorial introduces Religion & Development Vol. 2, Issue 3 – Special Issue on “Religion and Ecology: Perspectives on Environment and Sustainability across Religious Traditions.” The articles delve into the intricate relationship between religion and ecology from diverse perspectives. The prevailing academic discourse on religion and ecology is centered on three fundamental aspects. Firstly, it underscores the potential of religious communities to actively combat climate change by shaping worldviews and guiding community and personal activities. Secondly, it scrutinizes the practical implementation of these contributions by religious communities, exploring both obstacles and facilitators for their environmental engagement. Lastly, it emphasizes how religious communities furnish theological and spiritual arguments in support of environmental protection, thereby motivating believers to take proactive measures. This special issue contributes to these ongoing discussions by presenting insights from all three perspectives, enhancing the discourse with distinctive viewpoints from Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, African Traditional Religions, Indigenous Religious Traditions, and interfaith perspectives. The incorporation of diverse religious traditions complements recent dialogues on development and sustainability, thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding of the intersection between religion and ecology.
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Kalimi, Isaac. "The Centrality and Interpretation of Psalms in Judaism prior to and during Medieval Times: Approaches, Authorship, Genre, and Polemics". Review of Rabbinic Judaism 23, n.º 2 (8 de setembro de 2020): 229–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700704-12341371.
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Abstract This study discusses the centrality of the book of Psalms among the Jews and in Judaism. It outlines the seven most important and influential rabbinic exegetical works on Psalms, in the period before and during the medieval age: Targum Psalms and Midrash Psalms Shocher Tov, from some time in the Talmudic period; and five prominent medieval commentaries: Saadia Gaon, Moses haCohen ibn Gikatilla, Rashi, Abraham ibn Ezra, and David Kimchi. I briefly introduce each interpretative work and focus on selected aspects: The commentators’ distinct exegetical methods, their approaches to the questions of the authorship and genre of Psalms, and polemics with inside (e.g., Karaites) and outside (e.g., Christians) opponents. The result is to analysis and synthesis their approaches and to show the various trends that rabbinic Psalms interpretation took in these periods.
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Fowler, Kimberley A. "The Romans, the Temple, and the Alexandrian Context of the Testimony of Truth (NHC IX,3)". Gnosis 8, n.º 2 (6 de julho de 2023): 167–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2451859x-00802002.
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Abstract The Testimony of Truth (NHC IX,3) is characterized by polemic against other Christians and certain aspects of Judaism, and shows familiarity with Jewish textual traditions. One such case is a narrative surrounding Solomon’s building of the Jerusalem temple with the help of demons, who are incarcerated in the temple water jars and released by Roman armies, who unknowingly perform an act of purification on a demon-infected space. This paper argues that: 1) Testimony of Truth should be read as part of the wider early Christian polemical tradition presenting Rome as purveyors of vengeance against the errant Jewish people; 2) Testimony of Truth offers evidence for a flourishing Jewish presence in second or early third-century Alexandria, against the long-held argument that the community was largely annihilated following the Diaspora Revolt.
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Rashi, Tsuriel. "Jewish Ethics Regarding Vaccination". Public Health Ethics 13, n.º 2 (1 de julho de 2020): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/phaa022.
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Abstract In recent years, more and more religious communities have been refusing to vaccinate their children, and in so doing are allowing diseases to spread. These communities justify resistance to vaccination on various religious grounds and make common cause with nonreligious communities who oppose vaccination for their own reasons. Today this situation is reflected primarily in the spread of measles, and vaccine hesitancy was identified by the World Health Organization as 1 of the top 10 global health threats of 2019. The present article presents the religious and ethical arguments for the obligation within Jewish tradition to vaccinate all children. Apart from the obligation on parents to vaccinate their own children, it includes the ethical arguments based on Judaism that call for parents to become organized and force schools to refuse to accept children who have not been vaccinated and demand vaccination of those who have not been inoculated.
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Arinin, Evgenyi I. "Political Science of Religion: «Religio» from Cicero to Luhmann in Search of the Ideal of «Pax Deorum»". Study of Religion, n.º 2 (2019): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2072-8662.2019.2.104-113.
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The article deals with the description of political, linguistic, philosophical and religious aspects of the phenomenon of religion as a social reality in the context of the concept of N. Luhmann. The Latin word «religio» goes through a series of stages in development, becoming a philosophical term in the era of Cicero, denoting the ideal and practice of self-sustaining social solidarity «Pax Deorum», saving Aeterna urbs and the Pax Romana community that formed around it. Religions Cicero contrasted with egoistic and atomizing superstition, where everyone is afraid of the invasion of global forces that threaten destruction. Historically, the practices of «linking with the initial» and «overseeing the unknown» were established by politicians from the founding of Ancient Rome, however, the word «religio» before Cicero was not used in connection with them. Only in Pax Romana does the possibility of analyzing the «nature of the divine» arise
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Yuldashev, M. Ja, A. I. Ivanchenko e O. A. Kulikova. "Attitudes of representatives of major religious movements towards the digitalisation of religion". Vestnik Universiteta 1, n.º 11 (26 de dezembro de 2022): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2022-11-214-221.
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The Internet has become an integral part of the modern society. It has a strong influence on the social institutions and makes them adapt to the new conditions of the digital environment. Religion is not an exception despite its inherent resistance to change; such an ancient social construct was also forced to enter the process of digitalisation. The article reflects the peculiarities of this process: it analyses the activities of various religious movements in the Russian Federation in the digital environment and reveals the attitude of religious representatives (official and unofficial) to the process of adapting religion to the digital environment. The scholarly literature on the digitalisation of religion was analysed and the problematic aspects of this process were identified. A content analysis of the Internet communities and resources of the main traditional (Orthodoxy, Islam and Judaism) and non-traditional religious teachings (Neopaganism and Satanism)was carried out. We identified the attitude of religious representatives to the digitalisation of religion. We conducted an expert interview with bloggers whose activities are related to the dissemination of religious views on the Internet.
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Belea, Miruna Stefana. "Women, Tradition and Icons: The Gendered Use of the Torah Scrolls and the Bible in Orthodox Jewish and Christian Rituals". Feminist Theology 25, n.º 3 (maio de 2017): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735017695954.
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This article discusses the relationship between Christian and Jewish Orthodox women with their sacred books (the Christian Bible and the Torah respectively) from a feminist point of view. While recent socio-economic changes have enabled women from an orthodox religious background to become financially independent and ultimately prosperous, from a religious perspective women’s status has not undergone major transformations. Using the cognitive principle of conceptual blending, I will focus on common aspects in Orthodox Judaism and Christianity related to sacred texts as objects, in order to shed light on the religious understanding of prosperity in the twenty-first century, beyond that of empowerment as financial gain or social status. The importance ascribed to authoritative texts both as images of divinity and sacred objects of veneration is a common trait of Orthodox Judaism and Christianity. The gendered perception of the sacred is most prominent in two similar processions. Simchat Torah, a Jewish holiday which celebrates the yearly reading cycle of the Torah, is actively celebrated only by men, who are the ones to carry the Torah scrolls. Similarly, the orthodox Good Friday procession involves a cross and the church’s copy of the Scripture together with the Holy Epitaph being carried only by men. The ban on women to carry sacred objects, at least at appointed times, as well as women’s responses in the two communities will be analysed comparatively to establish whether women commonly perceived as prosperous can make steps in order to re-evaluate the theological implications of this restriction.
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Heim, S. Mark. "Scriptural paths for interfaith relations". Review & Expositor 114, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034637316687357.
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Many aspects of Scripture bear on our relationship with neighbors of other faith traditions and on the realities of religious pluralism. Yet, the Bible does not give us direct teaching about the living religions around us. To find guidance we need to coordinate material from several contexts: material about the nature of believers’ commitment to Christ, general norms by which we should relate to our neighbors (and enemies), examples of interactions of Israelites and the God of Israel with those of other religious backgrounds, the example of the one “other” religion whose validity is affirmed in Scripture—the Judaism of Jesus and of early Christians, and evidence on the witness and encounter of early Christians with those of other faiths. This article will provide a brief overview of these resources and of the multiple perspectives available to orient Christian participation in interfaith relations.
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Crossley, James G. "Everybody’s Happy Nowadays? A Critical Engagement with Key Events and Contemporary Quests for the Historical Jesus". Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus 11, n.º 3 (2014): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455197-01103003.
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Key Events is clearly a major contribution to historical Jesus studies from a broadly evangelical perspective. While there is much to commend and a number of strong essays, there are, inevitably criticisms to be made. A number of arguments appear to be repeating debates from the 1980s and 1990s with a familiar cast of good (e.g. N.T. Wright), bad (e.g. Burton Mack, Jesus Seminar) and ambivalent (e.g. E.P. Sanders) characters. This nostalgic feel means that alternative understandings of the historical Jesus and wider issues of history and historical change are not properly discussed, although clearly the opportunities were present among the contributors of Key Events. There is a sustained discussion of historical change in the chapter on resurrection but this repeats problematic arguments in favour of the historicity of the resurrection in what is effectively an attempt to prove what is historically unprovable. Finally, to lesser or greater extent, a number of essays in Key Events continue to perpetuate the idea of a ‘Jewish … but not that Jewish’ Jesus through monolithic constructions of Jews and Judaism and through the discredited criterion of dissimilarity in disguise: double dissimilarity. It is not always clear that the problematic criterion of double dissimilarity is applied consistently, with some evidence of contributors forgetting aspects of dissimilarity from Christianity while never forgetting dissimilarity from Judaism (even when similar Jewish evidence is, in fact, available). These criticisms should not take away from a number of positive contributions made to historical Jesus studies and it may be that Key Events represents a vision of what most historical Jesus scholars see as the future of the sub-field.
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Holmes, Andrew. "Ulster Presbyterianism as A Popular Religious Culture, 1750–1860". Studies in Church History 42 (2006): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400004046.
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Both the study of popular religion and popular culture in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries suffer from a number of methodological and definitional problems. Historians of religion often assume that popular religion is synonymous with superstitious beliefs that have little or no relation to confessional orthodoxy. It is further claimed that during the nineteenth century superstition was abandoned as a consequence of the modernization of society and the imposition of respectable behaviour. Complementing this tendency, historians of popular culture in this period have generally ignored the religious aspects of everyday life and describe culture primarily in secular terms. This has much to do with the tendency to adopt, consciously or otherwise, a world-view that automatically assumes the subservience of religion to culture in the modern world. According to this view, once the events of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution had cast their spell, organized religion and personal religious faith were jettisoned, often in favour of the nebulous term ‘culture’, and a wedge driven between the sacred and secular. Given the overwhelming amount of evidence to the contrary, it is obvious that this tendency significantly hinders our understanding of the everyday lives and thoughts of our ancestors, especially in the Irish and specifically Ulster context where religion still has an importance that some fail to credit with sufficient patience, let alone understanding. As a result of these problems, the study of popular religion in the modern period lags well behind the advances made by historians of religion in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Europe.