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Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de julho de 2024

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1

Lasmiyati, Lasmiyati. "SUGRA: TOKOH PERINTIS DAN DINAMIKA TARLING INDRAMAYU (1930-1997)". Patanjala: Journal of Historical and Cultural Research 12, n.º 2 (16 de outubro de 2020): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v12i2.633.

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Penelitian tentang Sugra dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengenang tokoh perintis tarling di Indramayu yang selama ini kurang dikenal di kalangan luas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan pendekatan sejarah biografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, studi lapangan, dan studi pustaka. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tokoh tarling di Indramayu dibedakan menjadi dua: tokoh perintis dan tokoh pengembang. Tokoh perintis adalah Sugra. Ia hanya menekuni kesenian tarling di wilayah Indramayu, walaupun pernah bermain tarling di Cirebon. Tokoh pengembang adalah mereka yang mampu mengembangkan kesenian tarling ke Cirebon, walaupun mereka berasal dari Indramayu. Walaupun Sugra hanya bermain tarling di Indramayu, masyarakat Indramayu tetap menganggap Sugra sebagai perintis tarling. Sugra juga mampu mengajak pemuda Kepandean untuk bermain tarling, walaupun peralatannya masih sederhana. Tugu tarling didirikan di tempat Sugra merintis kesenian tarling. Nama Sugra pun diabadikan menjadi nama gedung kesenian Mama Soegra dan rumah seni Griya Sugra.The study on Sugra was carried out with the aim of perpetuating the existence of the Indramayu tarling music pioneer for the reason of his less well-known. It used the historical methods with a biographical historical approach. The data was collected by means of interviews, field studies, and literature studies. Studies have shown that the leading figures of tarling music in Indramayu involved the pioneer and the settlers. The pioneer was Sugra. He devoted himself to his work as a tarling musician in Indramayu. Furthermore, he also promoted tarling music in Cirebon. Moreover, settlers were generally those originating from Indramayu and were considered as the key musicians in the development of tarling music in Cirebon. Despite Sugra’s stage was limited in Indramayu, the locals still consider him as the pioneer of tarling. With his simple musical instruments, he visited a group of youths in Kepandean sub-district, playing music, and conducting sing-alongs. A monument forming tarling musical performance was erected in Indramayu to his memory. His name was even continued in that of two art galleries Mama Soegra and Griya Sugra.

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2

MD, Dr Tejas Shah. "Utility of Osazone Test to Identify Sugars". Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 04, n.º 12 (6 de dezembro de 2016): 14361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i12.14.

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3

Engels, Verena, Steffen N. Lindner e Volker F. Wendisch. "The Global Repressor SugR Controls Expression of Genes of Glycolysis and of the l-Lactate Dehydrogenase LdhA in Corynebacterium glutamicum". Journal of Bacteriology 190, n.º 24 (10 de outubro de 2008): 8033–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00705-08.

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ABSTRACT The transcriptional regulator SugR from Corynebacterium glutamicum represses genes of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS). Growth experiments revealed that the overexpression of sugR not only perturbed the growth of C. glutamicum on the PTS sugars glucose, fructose, and sucrose but also led to a significant growth inhibition on ribose, which is not taken up via the PTS. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with DNA microarray analysis and gel retardation experiments were performed to identify further target genes of SugR. Gel retardation analysis confirmed that SugR bound to the promoter regions of genes of the glycolytic enzymes 6-phosphofructokinase (pfkA), fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (fba), enolase (eno), pyruvate kinase (pyk), and NAD-dependent l-lactate dehydrogenase (ldhA). The deletion of sugR resulted in increased mRNA levels of eno, pyk, and ldhA in acetate medium. Enzyme activity measurements revealed that SugR-mediated repression affects the activities of PfkA, Fba, and LdhA in vivo. As the deletion of sugR led to increased LdhA activity under aerobic and under oxygen deprivation conditions, l-lactate production by C. glutamicum was determined. The overexpression of sugR reduced l-lactate production by about 25%, and sugR deletion increased l-lactate formation under oxygen deprivation conditions by threefold. Thus, SugR functions as a global repressor of genes of the PTS, glycolysis, and fermentative l-lactate dehydrogenase in C. glutamicum.

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4

Engels, Verena, e Volker F. Wendisch. "The DeoR-Type Regulator SugR Represses Expression of ptsG in Corynebacterium glutamicum". Journal of Bacteriology 189, n.º 8 (9 de fevereiro de 2007): 2955–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01596-06.

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ABSTRACT Corynebacterium glutamicum grows on a variety of carbohydrates and organic acids. Uptake of the preferred carbon source glucose via the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) is reduced during coutilization of glucose with acetate, sucrose, or fructose compared to growth on glucose as the sole carbon source. Here we show that the DeoR-type regulator SugR (NCgl1856) represses expression of ptsG, which encodes the glucose-specific PTS enzyme II. Overexpression of sugR resulted in reduced ptsG mRNA levels, decreased glucose utilization, and perturbed growth on media containing glucose. In mutants lacking sugR, expression of the ptsG′-′cat fusion was increased two- to sevenfold during growth on gluconeogenic carbon sources but remained similar during growth on glucose or other sugars. As shown by DNA microarray analysis, SugR also regulates expression of other genes, including ptsS and the putative NCgl1859-fruK-ptsF operon. Purified SugR bound to DNA regions upstream of ptsG, ptsS, and NCgl1859, and a 75-bp ptsG promoter fragment was sufficient for SugR binding. Fructose-6-phosphate interfered with binding of SugR to the ptsG promoter DNA. Thus, while during growth on gluconeogenic carbon sources SugR represses ptsG, ptsG expression is derepressed during growth on glucose or under other conditions characterized by high fructose-6-phosphate concentrations, representing one mechanism which allows C. glutamicum to adapt glucose uptake to carbon source availability.

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5

Chikhoune, Anis, Fatiha Bedjou, Sabrina Oubouzid, Rosa Boukefoussa, Bilal Bechri, Houria Tarmoul, Toufik Abdeladim et al. "Development of Sugar Cane Molasses in Formulations of Madeleines, Mini Croissants, and Buns Incorporated with Interesterified Oil". Journal of Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/936780.

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Interesterification becomes a very powerful tool in food industry. A blend of coconut oil and palm stearin is enzymatically interesterified by lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) in an aquarium reactor. The interesterified blend obtained is then incorporated in madeleines, mini croissants, and mini rolls. Physicochemical parameters’ assessment for molasses used is in good agreement with the international standards. Fatty acid composition of the interesterified blend and sugar content of molasses were assessed by gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A sensory evaluation of the madeleines, mini croissants, and buns has been carried out by untrained tasters, with a statistical analysis by a principal component analysis (PCA). Chromatographic characterization by Gas Chromatography revealed fatty acids, ranging from C6: 0 to C22: 0. Liquid sugar’s content by high performance liquid chromatography revealed three main sugars: sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Results of the sensory analysis showed the good quality of the prepared products.

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6

Rosa, Mariana, Carolina Prado, Griselda Podazza, Roque Interdonato, Juan A. González, Mirna Hilal e Fernando E. Prado. "Soluble sugars". Plant Signaling & Behavior 4, n.º 5 (maio de 2009): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/psb.4.5.8294.

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7

Smith, T. H. "Hidden sugars". British Dental Journal 174, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1993): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4808059.

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8

Macdonald, Ian A. "Free sugars". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 79, n.º 1 (18 de julho de 2019): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665119001046.

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It is clear that the sugars component of the diet has potentially deleterious effects on health. In the past, the dietary sugars were collectively referred to as non-milk extrinsic sugars (UK) or added sugars. The WHO first proposed a new term, free sugars, which is rather broader than added sugars, and also includes the sugars in fruit juices and purees, as well as honey and syrups. This review considers the potential problems that free sugars represent in relation to health risks, and the recent proposals that free sugars are a more appropriate focus than added or total as far as public health initiatives are concerned. This will require major activities in relation to measurement, labelling and communication to the consumer if attempts to reduce dietary free sugars content are to be successful.

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9

Hugenholtz, Frits, e Henk Teunis. "Suger's advice". Journal of Medieval History 12, n.º 3 (janeiro de 1986): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4181(86)90031-x.

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10

Farouk Mansour, A., F. Pudil, V. Janda e J. Pokorný. "Changes during the extrusion of semolina in mixture with sugars". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 19, No. 1 (7 de fevereiro de 2013): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6570-cjfs.

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Wheat semolina and its mixtures with 5% glucose, fructose of sucrose were processed in a sigle screw extruder at the maximum temperature of 140°C and the processing time of 30 s. The nonenzymic browning was only moderate, but it was substantially more intensive in mixtures with glucose or fructose than in the case of wheat semolina or its mixture with sucrose. Red and yellow pigments were mainly formed. The odour acceptability was affected by the presence of sugars almost negligibly, but the intensities were different, higher in extruded mixtures with glucose and fructose than in wheat semolina or its mixture with sucrose. Small differences were observed in the sensory profile. Extrusion of semolina with sugars produced more sensory active volatiles (52–69 identified compounds) than in extruded semolina (41 compounds). Pyrazines, furans and pyrans were the most important sensory active compounds. Their amounts increased by the addition of sugars to semolina; the mixture of semolina with glucose was particularly rich in active compounds. The formation of pyrazines was more enhanced by the addition of fructose than of other sugars. Maltol, butyrolactone and acetic acid were present in large amounts. Even if sensory characteristics were improved by addition of sugars to semolina, the difference was not very pronounced.

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11

Tasevska, Natasha. "Urinary Sugars—A Biomarker of Total Sugars Intake". Nutrients 7, n.º 7 (15 de julho de 2015): 5816–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7075255.

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12

Takahashi, Hideyo, Tomomi Shida, Yuko Hitomi, Yoshinori Iwai, Namisa Miyama, Kazusa Nishiyama, Daisuke Sawada e Shiro Ikegami. "Divergent Synthesis ofL-Sugars andL-Iminosugars fromD-Sugars". Chemistry - A European Journal 12, n.º 22 (24 de julho de 2006): 5868–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200600268.

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13

Takakura, Yoshinobu. "Sugars and DDS". Drug Delivery System 19, n.º 1 (2004): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2745/dds.19.28.

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14

BOUCHENAK, Malika. "Controversies about sugars". Nutrition & Santé 05, n.º 02 (30 de junho de 2016): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30952/ns.5.2.1.

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15

Macdonald, I. "Sugars for success?" British Journal of Sports Medicine 24, n.º 2 (1 de junho de 1990): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.24.2.93.

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16

Doerr, Allison. "Sequencing for sugars". Nature Methods 8, n.º 12 (29 de novembro de 2011): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1798.

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17

Tatko, Chad. "Sugars stack up". Nature Chemical Biology 4, n.º 10 (outubro de 2008): 586–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio1008-586.

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18

Segall, J. J. "Dietary Sugars: Lactose". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 84, n.º 4 (abril de 1991): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689108400428.

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19

Kullberg, Marika C. "Soothing intestinal sugars". Nature 453, n.º 7195 (maio de 2008): 602–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/453602a.

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20

Hines, Pamela J. "Dueling for sugars". Science 354, n.º 6318 (15 de dezembro de 2016): 1387.8–1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.354.6318.1387-h.

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21

Stangier, P., V. Vill, S. Rohde, U. Jeschke e J. Thiem. "Mesomorphic amino sugars". Liquid Crystals 17, n.º 4 (outubro de 1994): 589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678299408036743.

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22

Jenzer, Helena. "Biochemistry of Sugars". Canadian Journal of Clinical Nutrition 5, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2017): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14206/canad.j.clin.nutr.2017.01.06.

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23

Chen, Li-Qing, Lily S. Cheung, Liang Feng, Widmar Tanner e Wolf B. Frommer. "Transport of Sugars". Annual Review of Biochemistry 84, n.º 1 (2 de junho de 2015): 865–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-060614-033904.

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24

Davis, Anthony P. "Sticking to sugars". Nature 464, n.º 7286 (março de 2010): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/464169a.

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25

Wanas, Taha. "Denis Lambert Sugrue". Sexually Transmitted Infections 91, n.º 1 (21 de janeiro de 2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2014-051946.

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26

Gibney, M., M. Sigman-Grant, J. L. Stanton e D. R. Keast. "Consumption of sugars". American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62, n.º 1 (1 de julho de 1995): 178S—194S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/62.1.178s.

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27

O'Callaghan, Tiffany. "Sugar's mortal enemy". New Scientist 235, n.º 3142 (setembro de 2017): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(17)31778-5.

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28

Davies, M. J. "Solid-phase sugars". Trends in Biotechnology 19, n.º 4 (abril de 2001): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01622-5.

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29

COULSTON, ANN M., e RACHEL K. JOHNSON. "Sugar and Sugars". Journal of the American Dietetic Association 102, n.º 3 (março de 2002): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90082-9.

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30

Kennedy, John F., e Marion Paterson. "Sugars and Sweeteners". Carbohydrate Polymers 25, n.º 2 (janeiro de 1994): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-8617(94)90153-8.

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31

Rostron, Christine. "Sugars under scrutiny". Food and Chemical Toxicology 28, n.º 6 (janeiro de 1990): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(90)90098-8.

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32

Kugelberg, Elisabeth. "Binding mycobacterial sugars". Nature Reviews Immunology 14, n.º 10 (12 de setembro de 2014): 648–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri3744.

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33

Singh, Shanta Balgobind. "“Ganja to Sugars”". Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 12, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2012): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976343020120209.

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34

Cornforth, John Warcup. "Adventures with sugars." Journal and proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 151, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2018): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.361831.

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35

Alfin, Kathleen E. "“Uncle Sugar’s Belles”". Radical History Review 2023, n.º 146 (1 de maio de 2023): 32–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-10302821.

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Abstract This article examines the confinement of Liberian women by US Army Forces in Liberia (USAFIL) for the purpose of regulated prostitution during World War II. The racial makeup of USAFIL as an overwhelmingly African American unit and its deployment to the only sovereign Black republic in Africa created what US Army officials called “an exceptional situation.” This essay explores what army leaders meant by “exceptional” and the resultant creation of “exceptional measures” to control sexual liaisons between American soldiers and women in Liberia. Sexual relations between Black GIs and Liberian women defied the racist segregationist logic used by American military leaders to police Black GIs’ sexuality elsewhere during the war. USAFIL officials consequently racialized venereal disease and prostitution to justify confining and regulating Black Liberian women’s bodies in the name of soldiers’ health, as well as to uphold their racial and military authority. Shifting perspectives, this case study then considers how women in Liberia resisted army regulation of their sexuality and what they gained and lost through sex work, despite their confinement. Finally, this essay analyzes USAFIL’s regulation of prostitution in a transnational comparative context to illuminate the exceptional authority US Army officials assumed and asserted over women and prostitution in Liberia.

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36

Choo, V. L., V. Ha e J. L. Sievenpiper. "Sugars and obesity: Is it the sugars or the calories?" Nutrition Bulletin 40, n.º 2 (19 de maio de 2015): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12137.

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37

Krystyna, Zarzecka, e Gugała Marek. "The effect of herbicides and biostimulants on sugars content in potato tubers". Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 2 (6 de fevereiro de 2018): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/21/2018-pse.

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The objective of the present work was to determine changes in total sugars, reducing sugars and sucrose content in potato tubers under conditions involving an application of biostimulants and herbicides. Research material included table potato tubers obtained in a three-year field experiment. The experiment was a split-plot design with three replicates. The factors were as follows: factor I – three table potato cultivars (Bartek, Gawin and Honorata), factor II – five methods of biostimulant and herbicide application (1. control – without biostimulants or herbicides; 2. Harrier 295 ZC (linuron + chlomazon); 3. Harrier 295 ZC (linuron + chlomazon) and growth regulator Kelpak<sup>®</sup>SL; 4. Sencor 70 WG (metribuzin); 5. Sencor 70 WG (metribuzin) and growth regulator Asahi<sup>®</sup>SL. Variance analysis demonstrated that total sugars, reducing sugars and sucrose content were affected by the biostimulants and herbicides applied as well as cultivars and weather conditions. Compared with control, a significant increase in total sugars followed an application of Sencor 70 WG as well as Sencor 70 WG and the growth regulator Asahi<sup>®</sup>SL whereas reducing sugars and sucrose content significantly increased after Sencor 70 WG and the growth regulator Asahi<sup>®</sup>SL were applied.

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38

Gao, Da-Ming, Takashi Kobayashi e Shuji Adachi. "Production of rare sugars from common sugars in subcritical aqueous ethanol". Food Chemistry 175 (maio de 2015): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.144.

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39

SUAMI, T., e S. OGAWA. "ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Carba-Sugars (Pseudo-Sugars) and Their Derivatives". ChemInform 22, n.º 24 (23 de agosto de 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199124295.

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40

Hapeta, Piotr, Magdalena Rakicka, Remi Dulermo, Heber Gamboa-Meléndez, Anne-Marie Cruz-Le Coq, Jean-Marc Nicaud e Zbigniew Lazar. "Transforming sugars into fat - lipid biosynthesis using different sugars inYarrowia lipolytica". Yeast 34, n.º 7 (20 de abril de 2017): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.3232.

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41

Barba, A. A., d. Amore M, M. Rispol, F. Marra e G. Lamberti. "Microwave assisted drying of banana: effects on reducing sugars and polyphenols contents ". Czech Journal of Food Sciences 32, No. 4 (29 de julho de 2014): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/536/2013-cjfs.

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The effects of microwave assisted drying on banana fruit was evaluated. Water, reducing sugars, and polyphenol contents, as well as poly-phenol-oxidase activity were evaluated along the radial and axial positions in thick slices of banana, according to a properly defined cutting and assaying protocol. The effects of the microwave-assisted drying process were compared to the convective air-assisted drying resulting faster than the conventional process. In particular, the resulting samples were homogeneous in the water content; the contents of reducing sugars were strongly decreased on drying with microwaves; the poly-phenol-oxidase was inactivated by the high temperature produced by the process and thus the polyphenols content remained practically the same as in the fresh product.

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42

Sigala-M., T., C. E. Ramírez -B. e A. Peña-Lomelí. "Determinación de azúcares simpes y acidez en colectas de tomate de cáscara (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.)". Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura I, n.º 02 (fevereiro de 1994): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.1993.09.062.

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43

Wittekind, Anna, e Janette Walton. "Worldwide trends in dietary sugars intake". Nutrition Research Reviews 27, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2014): 330–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422414000237.

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Estimating trends in dietary intake data is integral to informing national nutrition policy and monitoring progress towards dietary guidelines. Dietary intake of sugars is a controversial public health issue and guidance in relation to recommended intakes is particularly inconsistent. Published data relating to trends in sugars intake are relatively sparse. The purpose of the present review was to collate and review data from national nutrition surveys to examine changes and trends in dietary sugars intake. Only thirteen countries (all in the developed world) appear to report estimates of sugars intake from national nutrition surveys at more than one point in time. Definitions of dietary sugars that were used include ‘total sugars’, ‘non-milk extrinsic sugars’, ‘added sugars’, sucrose' and ‘mono- and disaccharides’. This variability in terminology across countries meant that comparisons were limited to within countries. Hence trends in dietary sugars intake were examined by country for the whole population (where data permitted), and for specific or combined age and sex subpopulations. Findings indicate that in the majority of population comparisons, estimated dietary sugars intake is either stable or decreasing in both absolute (g/d) and relative (% energy) terms. An increase in sugars intake was observed in few countries and only in specific subpopulations. In conclusion, the findings from the present review suggest that, in the main, dietary sugars intake are decreasing or stable. A consistent approach to estimation of dietary sugars intake from national nutrition surveys is required if more valid estimates of changes in dietary sugars intakes are required in the future.

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44

Aller, Erik E. J. G., Itziar Abete, Arne Astrup, J. Alfredo Martinez e Marleen A. van Baak. "Starches, Sugars and Obesity". Nutrients 3, n.º 3 (14 de março de 2011): 341–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu3030341.

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45

de Alwis, Ruklanthi, e Eng Eong Ooi. "Antibody sugars are bittersweet". Science 372, n.º 6546 (3 de junho de 2021): 1041–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj0435.

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46

Weaver, Lawrence T. "Complex Carbohydrates and Sugars". Pediatrics 106, Supplement_4 (1 de novembro de 2000): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.106.s4.1291.

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47

Pohl, Nicola. "Putting sugars under strain". Science 364, n.º 6441 (16 de maio de 2019): 631–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aax3501.

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