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1
Zalaket, Joseph. "Planification dans des strucures complexes". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30188.
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La planification d'actions est un élément indispensable pour donner à un agent autonome la possibilité du raisonnement sur la façon d'atteindre un but. Plusieurs hypothèses ajoutées à la modélisation des problèmes de planification ont facilité la tâche de planification sur certains domaines de benchmark, mais elles ont décalé l'application de la planification sur des domaines du monde réel. Plusieurs travaux ont été faits pour relaxer l'une ou l'autre de ces hypothèses. Dans ce travail de thèse je propose la relaxation de l'hypothèse qui impose que l'ensemble d'états dans l'espace soit fini en permettant la planification des connaissances numériques qui peuvent induire la génération des nouveaux objets dans le monde. Dans un premier temps je propose la planification dans un monde décrit sous forme orientée-objet dans lequel les fonctions sont utilisées pour représenter les relations entre les objets et pour définir les effets des actions. Dans un deuxième temps je propose une approche fonctionnelle dans laquelle les données numériques peuvent être mises à jour par application des fonctionsAI planning is an essential element to give to an autonomous agent the possibility of reasoning on the way of achieving a goal. Several assumptions have been added to the modeling of planning problems facilitating the task of planning on certain domains of benchmark. However these assumptions shifted the application of planning on real world domains. Several works was made to release one or the other of these assumptions. In this work of thesis I propose the relieving of the assumption which imposes that the set of states in the space is finite and that by allowing the planning of numerical knowledge, which can induce with the generation of new objects in the world. I propose planning in a world described in an Object-Oriented aspect. In this aspect the functions are used to represent the relations between the objects and to define the effects of the actions. Thus, I propose a functional approach in which the numerical data can be updated by application of functions
2
Gaillard, Jerome. "On G-strucures in gauge/string duality". Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42569.
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We study how G-structures can be used in the framework of gauge/string duality. The reason why such concept is so powerful is that C-structures are a very natural way of describing supersymmetry in a geometric setting. We investigate more specifically two different points. First, we are interested in how G'-structures can help with constructing and understanding supergravity backgrounds with sources that can be interpreted as flavours in the dual field theory. In particular, we show that the smearing procedure, for flavouring a background, is expressed more clearly when described in terms of G-structures. We discuss this problem in general terms, before applying the newly developed techniques to several examples, some already known and some new. We see that the way one adds and distributes branes in a supersymmetric background is strongly constrained by the preservation of supersymmetry. We then also look at how one can develop solution-generating techniques from Cr-structures, that derive complex solutions out of simple ones, by tinning on new fluxes. We specialise to the two cases of SU(3) and G2-structures. In both examples, we use the solution-generating methods on known solutions to create new, previously unknown solutions. We show that those techniques can be applied to flavoured as well as unflavoured backgrounds.
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Delpech, Philippe. "Contrôle non destructif par thermographieinfrarouge des strucures composites chaudes d'Hemes". Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT2077.
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Une technique de contrôle non destructif par thermographie infrarouge stimulée en face avant est mise en oeuvre pour évaluer l'intégrité des structures chaudes (bords d'attaque et bez de la navette Hemes) en composite carbone/carbone protégé contre l'oxydation. Les défauts recherchés dans xe type de matériau sont essentiellement des lames d'air dont l'épaisseur est très faible au regard de l'extension latérale. Un modèle analytique est utilisé pour décrire l'expérience dans l'hypothèse d'un transfert de chaleur monodimensionnel dans l'épaisseur du bicouche avec résistance thermique à l'interface. Dans le cas des structures minces et des matériaux bons conducteurs de la chaleur, une expression analytique simplifiée de l'évolution temporelle de la température de la paroi ayant reçu le flux d'excitation est utilisée pour construire une procédure d'identification de la profondeur et de la résistance thermique des inclusions détectées. Les perturbations dues aux effets de conduction latérale de la chaleur à proximité des bords des défauts limités sont étudiées. Plusieurs exemples d'application de la méthode de CND et d'identification des paramètres des défauts sont donnés. Ils ont trait à la caratérisation d'assemblages métalliques plans par collage et au contrôle d'éléments de bords d'attaque Hermès (carbone/carbone 2,5D)
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Yoshida, Norio. "Theoretical study on solute electronic strucures in solution; Integral equation ap-proach". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149107.
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Hamlat, Makhlouf. "Les strucures agraires et l'économie agricole de la Wilaya de Setif (Est algérien)". Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ROUEL133.
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La wilaya de Sétif est un des greniers à blé de l’Algérie depuis l’époque romaine. Elle offre donc un exemple particulièrement significatif de l’évolution d’une agriculture à base céréalière dans un pays méditerranéen du tiers monde. Cette agriculture a connu de multiples bouleversements provoqués de façon directe ou indirecte par un siècle d'occupation coloniale mais aussi par la décolonisation et les réformes agraires qui lui ont été associées donnant lieu à de nouvelles structures instaurées par l'Etat. Actuellement trois secteurs agricoles cohabitent tant bien que mal : le secteur privé, le secteur autogéré, le secteur de la révolution agraire. Cette division engendre des problèmes complexes de fonctionnement et entraîne des répercussions dramatiques sur les rendements et la production agricole qui se révèle notoirement insuffisants. La céréaliculture extensive avec jachères demeure la règle quels que soient les cadres juridiques. La crise de l'agriculture sétifienne tend à s'aggraverThe Wilaya of Sétif has been one of the granaries of algeria sincs roman times. We believe that by taking this example we can identify the various mechanisms of this type of farming based on the cultivation of cereals this farming has suffered many upheavals sttributable either directly or indirectly to a century of colonial occupation though also to decolonization. The new agrarian structures introduced by the state give this farming a rather special form since no less than three legal agricultural sectors coexist (the private sector the self-managed sector and the agrarian revolution sector the self managed sector this agrarian triad is going to give rise to complex problems concernign the operation of these agricultural holdings with dramatic repercussions for crop yields and agricultural production. Thus agriculture in the Wilaya of Setif is sinking into crisis
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Nichols, Claire Suzanne. "Observations of vertical structures and bedform evolution with field-scale oscillatory hydrodynamic forcing". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1203360725.
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Chandran, Ramya. "Optimization of Support Structures in Additive Manufacturing (AM) Processes". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1479819006942462.
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Aschy, Ameni. "Imagerie ultrasonore de strucutres composites hétérogènes". Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA1008.
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Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif de développer une méthodologie visant à imager les défauts dans les structures composites moyennant les ultrasons multiéléments. Plus précisément, la motivation essentielle réside dans la difficulté d’application des méthodes ultrasonores conventionnelles pour le contrôle de structures composites épaisses et hétérogènes. En effet, l’application de ces méthodes est d’autant plus difficile en présence d’anisotropie structurelle où les paramètres vitesse et atténuation changent de façon importante en fonction du trajet ultrasonore considéré. Cela pourrait même se compliquer en présence de dispersion fréquentielle des propriétés viscoélastiques du matériau composite. Les méthodes d’imagerie étudiées sont appliquées dans le cas de structures composites hétérogènes de forte épaisseur. Dans un premier temps, les paramètres vitesse et atténuation des ondes élastiques de volume se propageant dans le composite sous différentes incidences ont été déterminées.Ce travail a également permis de remonter aux caractéristiques viscoélastiques par méthode inverse.Les différents paramètres trouvés par méthodes directe et inverse sont ensuite intégrés au modèle direct de calcul de trajets ultrasonores pour corriger les effets d’anisotropie dans l’imagerie Total Focusing Method (TFM) et Plane Wave Imaging (PWI) et étudier ainsi les possibilités d’amélioration de la détection et de la caractérisation des défauts pouvant exister au sein des structures composites étudiées. Enfin, il est important de souligner que ce même travail discute de la nécessité de connaître le tenseur d’élasticité pour une prise en compte optimale de l’anisotropie. À cet effet, une comparaison avec un modèle simplifié mettant en jeu les vitesses de groupe est proposéeThis work aims to develop a methodology to image defects in composite structures by using Phased Array ultrasonic techniques. More specifically, the essential motivation lies in the difficulty of applying conventional ultrasonic methods for the control of thick and heterogeneous composite structures. Indeed, the application of these methods is more difficult in the presence of structural anisotropy where the velocity and the attenuation parameters change significantly depending on the ultrasound considered path. This could be more complicated in the presence of the viscoelastic properties frequency dispersion of the composite material. The studied imaging methods are applied in the case of heterogeneous and thick composite structures. First, the velocity and attenuation parameters of the elastic volume waves propagating in the composite under different incidences is determined. This work also allowed to go back to the viscoelastic characteristics by inverse method. The various parameters found by direct and inverse methods are then integrated into the direct ultrasound path calculation model to correct the anisotropy effects in the Total Focusing Method (TFM) and Plane Wave Imaging (PWI) imagery and thus to study the possibilities of improvement of the detection and characterization of defects that may exist within the studied composite structures. Finally, it is important to emphasize that this same work discusses the need of the tensor of elasticity for an optimal characterization of the anisotropy. For this purpose, a comparison with a simplified model involving group velocity is proposed
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Zidani, Hafid. "Représentation de solution en optimisation continue, multi-objectif et applications". Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939980.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif principal le développement de nouveaux algorithmes globaux pour la résolution de problèmes d'optimisation mono et multi-objectif, en se basant sur des formules de représentation ayant la tâche principale de générer des points initiaux appartenant à une zone proche du minimum globale. Dans ce contexte, une nouvelle approche appelée RFNM est proposée et testée sur plusieurs fonctions non linéaires, non différentiables et multimodales. D'autre part, une extension à la dimension infinie a été établie en proposant une démarche pour la recherche du minimum global. Par ailleurs, plusieurs problèmes de conception mécanique, à caractère aléatoire, ont été considérés et résolus en utilisant cette approche, avec amélioration de la méthode multi-objectif NNC. Enfin, une contribution à l'optimisation multi-objectif par une nouvelle approche a été proposée. Elle permet de générer un nombre suffisant de points pour représenter la solution optimale de Pareto.
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Santos, Renatha Batista dos. "Topology optimization of strucutres under plane strain assumption". Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, 2012. http://www.lncc.br/tdmc/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=241.
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The topological derivative measures the sensitivity of a given shape functional with respect to an infinitesimal singular domain perturbation,
such as the insertion of holes, inclusions or source-terms. The topological derivative has been successfully applied in obtaining the optimal
topology for a large class of physics and engineering problems. In this work a methodology for the topology optimization of structures under
plane strain assumption is presented. The idea is to minimize the structural compliance under volume constraint. Since we are dealing with multiple
load-cases, a multi-objective optimization problem is proposed, where the topological sensitivity is obtained as a sum of the topological derivatives
associated with each load-case. The volume constraint is imposed through the Augmented Lagrangian Method. The obtained result is used to devise a topology
optimization algorithm based on the topological derivative together with a level-set domain representation method. Finally, the proposed methodology is
illustrated in a set of finite element-based numerical examples of structural optimization.A derivada topológica mede a sensibilidade de um dado funcional com respeito a uma perturbação singular infinitesimal no domínio, como a inserção de furos, inclusões ou até mesmo termos fonte. A derivada topológica vem sendo utilizada com sucesso na obtenção da topologia ótima para uma grande classe de problemas da física e da engenharia. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma metodologia de otimização topológica para o problema de elasticidade linear em estado plano de deformação, minimizando a flexibilidade da estrutura submetida a múltiplos casos de carregamentos e atendendo a uma restrição de volume. Para tratamento dos múltiplos casos de carregamento é proposto um problema de otimização multiobjetivo em que a sensibilidade é obtida como a soma das derivadas topológicas para cada caso de carregamento. O método do Lagrangeano Aumentado é utilizado no controle de volume. O resultado obtido é então empregado na construção de um algoritmo de otimização topológica baseado na derivada topológica conjuntamente com uma representação do domínio por função level-set. Finalmente, a metodologia proposta é validada através de diversos experimentos numéricos.
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Almeida, Carla Rodrigues. "Classificação de estruturas de Nambu lineares e p-formas singulares". Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6477.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-13O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar as folheações que surgem a partir de estruturas de Nambu e apresentar a relação entre formas diferenciais e algumas destas estruturas. Mais precisamente, fazer um estudo da geometria de Poisson e de folheações singulares, enfatizando o caso da folheação simplética que surge da estrutura de Poisson e, em seguida, apresentar a geometria de Nambu, estudando o caso das folheações que surgem destas estruturas de ordem maiores ou iguais a três. Neste caso particular, vamos mostrar como tais estruturas de Nambu se relacionam com formas diferenciais e, por esta relação, classificar as estruturas de Nambu lineares através de um resultado de classificação de p-formas integráveis
The aim of this work is to study the foliations that arise from Nambu structures and present the relationship between differential forms and some of this structures. More specifically, to make a study of the Poisson geometry and of singular foliations, emphasiz-ing the case of the simplectic foliation that arises from the Poisson structure and then, to present the Nambu geometry, studying the case of the foliations that arise from the this structures of order grater than or equal to three. In this particular case, we shall show how this Nambu structures are related with differential formas and, by this relationship, classify linear Nambu structure through a result of classification of integrable differential p-forms
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BESTAOUI, NAIMA. "Synthese et strucutre de nouveaux oxydes d'iridium". Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT2060.
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L'oxyde d'iridium est utilise pour ses proprietes electrochromes et permet apres depot en couches minces, de realiser des fenetres a coloration variable. Cependant, la decoloration du film d'oxyde d'iridium par reduction en milieu protone est incomplete, une coloration residuelle marron contrariant les projets d'application. Afin d'essayer de comprendre ce probleme, nous avons effectue une etude analytique et structurale aussi complete que possible de ces couches. Cette etude est basee sur un compose reference iro#2 commercial, nous a alors permis d'expliquer l'influence d'une presence de chlore residuel sur la structure des oxydes obtenus soit sous forme massive (materiaux commerciaux) soit en couche mince (obtenue a partir de cibles d'origine commerciale). Nous avons alors developpe un nouveau procede de synthese permettant d'obtenir un materiau tres pur. Ce materiau a ete caracterise et sa filiation avec l'oxyde d'iridium de type rutile etablie. Parallelement, nous avons synthetise une nouvelle phase de formulation k#0#,#2#1iro#2. Sa structure, determinee par methode rietveld, s'apparente aux phases hollandites. L'extraction du potassium a ete possible et a conduit a un oxyde d'iridium sans doute protone. L'intercalation de lithium tentee dans cette phase conduit a une reduction totale de l'iridium au sein du materiau apres une premiere etape biphasee
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Vandenbussche, Cédric. "Stabilité des strucutres en géotechnique : approche micro-macro et charges limites". Chambéry, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CHAMS042.
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Cette thèse consiste en l'étude de l'influence de la porosité sur le comportement plastique des matériaux type sol poreux et surtout sur la présence de points anguleux sur leur tracé de critère. Le matériau étudié, rigide parfaitement plastique, présente des cavités cylindriques ou sphériques disposées aléatoirement. Il sera appelé dans la suite « Coulomb poreux », la matrice répondant au critère de Coulomb. Nous adopterons pour l'étudier le modèle proposé par Gurson. Comme il l'avait fait dans son travail de 77, nous utiliserons les deux approches de l'analyse limite pour en déduire le critère de plasticité du matériau étudié. L'équivalence entre le matériau réel et homogénéisé est obtenue par la méthode des moyennes selon la technique de Kerner, Hashin-Rosen ou Hashin en élasticité. Pour chaque approche, le problème d'optimisation résultant est non linéaire. Plusieurs méthodes sont alors exposées. La technique de linéarisation classique, Piece-Wiese Linearization, et celle proposée récemment par Ben-Tal et Nemirovski aboutissent toutes deux à un problème d'optimisation linéaire. Récemment sont apparus des codes d'optimisation conique du second ordre tels que Mosek. Une grande part de cette thèse à consisté à mettre les problèmes d'analyse limite relatifs au matériau de Coulomb sous forme d'optimisation conique, en déformation plane, en déformation plane généralisée et en symétrie de révolution. Les applications ont consisté à déterminer le critère de plasticité du matériau de « Coulomb poreux » dans le cas des cavités cylindriques et sphériques. Les résultats obtenus sont enfin comparés à différents critères analytiques tels que Drucker-Prager, Cam Clay et Jeong et PanThis thesis consists on a study of the influence of the porosity on the plastic behavior of porous soil materials and on the presence of angular points on the layout those criterions. The studied material, rigid perfectly plastic, present cylindrical or spherical cavities randomly. It will be called in the continuation "porous Coulomb", the matrix answering the criterion of Coulomb. We will adopt to study it the model suggested by Gurson, As had done it Gurson in its work of '77, we will use the two approach of limit analysis to deduce the criterion from it from plasticity of studied material. The equivalence between real and homogenized material is obtained by the method of the averages according to the technique of type Kerner, Hashin-Rosen or Hashin in elasticity. For each approaches, the resulting problem of optimization is nonlinear. Several methods are exposed. Traditional technique of linearization, Piece- Wiese Linearization, and that proposed recently by Ben-Tal and Nemirovski lead both to a problem of linear optimization. Recently still appeared codes of conical optimization of the second order such Mosek. A great part of this thesis thus consisted in putting the limiting analysis problems relating to material of Coulomb in the form of conical optimization, in plane strain, in generalized plane strain, and in symmetry of revolution. The applications consist in determining the criterion of plasticity of material of "porous Coulomb" in the case of cylindrical or spherical cavities. The results obtained are finally compared with various analytical criteria such as Drucker-Prager, Cam Clay and Jeong and Pan
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Fotiadis, Dimitrios. "Novel shape representation strucutres for object recognition, retrieval, and plant taxonomic identification purposes". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502625.
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Jurewicz, Izabela. "Self-organisation of highly-strucutred carbon nanotube polymer composites". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502661.
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Kroon, Lars. "Spectra and Dynamics of Excitattions in Long-Range Correlated Strucutures". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Teoretisk Fysik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9727.
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Vad karaktäriserar en kristall? Svaret på denna till synes enkla fråga blir kanske att det är en anordning av atomer uppradade i periodiska mönster. Så ordnade strukturer kan studeras genom att det uppträder så kallade Braggtoppar i röntgendiffraktionsmönstret. Om frågan gäller elektrontäthetsfördelningen, kanske svaret blir att denna är periodisk och grundar sig på elektronvågor som genomtränger hela kristallen. I och med att nya typer av ordnade system, så kallade kvasikristaller, upptäcks och framställs på artificiell väg blir svaren på dessa frågor mer intrikata. En kristall behöver inte bestå av enheter upprepade periodiskt i rummet, och den klassiska metoden att karaktärisera strukturer via röntgendiffraktionsmönstret kanske inte alls är den allena saliggörande. I denna avhandling visas att ett ordnat gitter vars röntgendiffraktionsmönster saknar inre struktur, dvs är av samma diffusa typ som vad ett oordnat material uppvisar, fortfarande kan ha elektronerna utsträckta över hela strukturen. Detta implicerar att det inte finns något enkelt samband mellan diffraktionsmönstret från gittret och dess fysikaliska egenskaper såsom t ex lokalisering av vågfunktionerna. Man talar om lokalisering när en vågfunktion är begränsad inom en del av materialet och inte utsträckt över hela dess längd, vilket är av betydelse när man vill avgöra huruvida ett material är en isolator, halvledare eller ledare. Det vittnar samtidigt om behovet av att söka efter andra karakteristika när man försöker beskriva skillnaden mellan ett ordnat och ett oordnat material, där den senare kategorin kan uppvisa lokalisering. Resultaten utgör en klassificering av det svåröverskådliga området aperiodiska gitter i en dimension. Det leder till hypotesen att ideala kvasikristaller, genererade med bestämda regler, har kontinuerligt energispektrum av fraktal natur. I reella material spelar korrelation en viktig roll. Vid icke-linjär återkoppling till gittret kan man erhålla intrinsiskt lokaliserade vågor, som i många avseenden beter sig som partiklar, solitoner, vilka har visat sig ha viktiga tillämpningar inom bl a optisk telekommunikation. Sådana vågors roll for lagring och transport av energi har undersökts i teoretiska modeller for optiska vågledare och kristaller där ljuset har en förmåga att manipulera sig självt.Spectral and dynamical properties of electrons, phonons, electromagnetic waves, and nonlinear coherent excitations in one-dimensional modulated structures with long-range correlations are investigated from a theoretical point of view. First a proof of singular continuous electron spectrum for the tight-binding Schrödinger equation with an on-site potential, which, in analogy with a random potential, has an absolutely continuous correlation measure, is given. The critical behavior of such a localization phenomenon manifests in anomalous diffusion for the time-evolution of electronic wave packets. Spectral characterization of elastic vibrations in aperiodically ordered diatomic chains in the harmonic approximation is achieved through a dynamical system induced by the trace maps of renormalized transfer matrices. These results suggest that the zero Lebesgue measure Cantor-set spectrum (without eigenvalues) of the Fibonacci model for a quasicrystal is generic for deterministic aperiodic superlattices, for which the modulations take values via substitution rules on finite sets, independent of the correlation measure. Secondly, a method to synthesize and analyze discrete systems with prescribed long-range correlated disorder based on the conditional probability function of an additive Markov chain is effectively implemented. Complex gratings (artificial solids) that simultaneously display given characteristics of quasiperiodic crystals and amorphous solids on the Fraunhofer diffraction are designated. A mobility edge within second order perturbation theory of the tight-binding Schrödinger equation with a correlated disorder in the dichotomic potential realizes the success of the method in designing window filters with specific spectral components. The phenomenon of self-localization in lattice dynamical systems is a subject of interest in various physical disciplines. Lattice solitons are studied using the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation with on-site potential, modeling coherent structures in, for example, photonic crystals. The instability-induced dynamics of the localized gap soliton is found to thermalize according to the Gibbsian equilibrium distribution, while the spontaneous formation of persisting intrinsic localized modes from the extended out-gap soliton reveals a phase transition of the solution.
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Wei, Le. "Strucural characterization and molecular cloning of bioactive peptides from scorpion venom". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534588.
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Nerlick, Stephen Tyler. "Inhibition of Xnos1 Translation by Structural Elements in the Open Reading Frame". Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/141.
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The spatio-temporal regulation of translation is critical to the proper development of all organisms. The presence of Translational Control Elements (TCEs) in Un-Translated Regions (UTRs) is one feature common to all regulated eukaryotic mRNAs examined to date. These TCEs serve as binding sites for sequence specific proteins or small regulatory RNAs that recruit other accessory proteins that inhibit translation. Xnos1, a localized RNA in the germ plasm of Xenopus, is negatively regulated by an unknown mechanism. We used in vivo and in vitro translation assays, competition assays, and ribosome binding assays in order to determine the location of the Xnos1 TCE and its mechanism of repression. The Xnos1 TCE is located in the open reading frame, a departure from the canonical translational regulation mechanisms. This TCE is predicted to form conserved secondary structures in the first 75 nucleotides of the open reading frame (ORF). In vitro translation assays demonstrated that the repression can be partially relieved by either denaturing the transcripts or by introducing point mutations that weaken the secondary structure. This TCE cannot be relieved by competition and therefore is likely not to require the presence of a repressor protein. The structural regulation of translation by a TCE in the open reading frame is a novel mechanism of repression for a eukaryotic mRNA.
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Benucci, Davide. "Lifting analysis of a modularized steel structure". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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This thesis aims to design the lifting lugs required for the lifting operations that are propaedeutic for the land & sea transport and the installation on-site of the modules. In the last case, the tolerances are strictly limited because some pipes and equipment are already positioned on the modules and they have to match the layout of the pipes and equipment coming from the modules around. It is important that the lifting operations will be performed properly and will guarantee both the global integrity of the modules and a high precision in the installation phase. These requirements lead to a very rigid structure able to carry important loads (mainly operational) and able to maintain its shape during the lifting. It is now clear how important are the lifting operations and how much they influence the design of the main pipe rack.
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Lamand, David. "Modélisation interactive de la géométrie d'une strucutre géologique, un préalable à tout modèle numérique (géomécanique, hydraulique,. . . )". Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-359.pdf.
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L'objectif de ce travail est la mise au point d'une methodologie d'integration au sein de modeles numeriques geomecaniques de la structure geologique d'un massif rocheux en terrain sedimentaire deforme (plisse et faille). La prise en compte de la structure interne du massif rocheux se base sur un modele geometrique, reconstitue par un geologue et passant par une simplification non denaturante (conservation du sens geomecanique) de la geometrie. Cette simplification revient a decouper le massif rocheux en domaines qui respectent simultanement le critere de cylindrisme (domaine structuraux) et le critere d'homogeneite lithologique. Ceci debouche sur la notion developpee dans cette these de domaine meca-structuraux convexe (volume de roche convexe dont les discontinuites internes sont homogeneisees). Les proprietes mecaniques internes aux domsec sont determinees par la methode des milieux continus equivalents. Ce concept de domsec est mis en oeuvre sur un site d'etudes scientifiques (la mare a goriaux proche de valenciennes). Les informations geometriques sont obtenues par traitement des plans d'exploitation houillere (charbonnages de france). La modelisation geometrique est decomposee en trois phases : visualisation tridimensionnelle des informations geometriques modelisation surfacique (mise en place de trains de plis cylindriques et failles) et la modelisation volumique (definition des domsec par l'association de la geometrie des trains de plis et de la succession lithologique simplifiee du site d'etude).
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Garcia, Fernando. "Soleira normal modelada por curva cossenoidal". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-28082018-094728/.
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Os vertedores são estruturas hidráulicas de suma importância no controle de escoamento e também para medição de vazões. Estas estruturas são amplamente utilizadas em aproveitamento múltiplos principalmente como controle de vazão. Neste trabalho é apresentado um histórico dos estudos elaborados para vertedores, demonstrando as principais características entre cada estudo.Também são apresentados os resultados obtidos através dos cálculos de linha d\'água é pressão utilizando as equações para superfícies de fundo curvo para um perfil segundo o equacionamento de Creager e o perfil Cossenoidal proposto por este trabalho. O escoamento realizado em um perfil Cossenoidal apresenta um comportamento muito semelhante ao escoamento realizado em um perfil do tipo Creager. Com a utilização do perfil Cossenoidal foi possível realizar a coincidência de raio de curvatura no trecho da crista onde o raio de curvatura do perfil Cossenoidal ajustado a um perfil do tipo Creager, apresentou o mesmo valor para o raio de curvatura para uma elipse proposta por Maynord modificado por este trabalho. Os resultados de linha d\'água e pressão foram bons e satisfatórios muito semelhantes aos valores já apresentados pelas soleiras convencionais (Creager e Maynord).The spillways are hydraulic structures very important in the control flow and for measuring flow rates. These structures are widely used mainly for multiple use flow control. This work presents a history of the studies prepared for spillways, showing the main features of each study. It is intended to study a cosinusoidal profile through a mathematical model seeking to obtain satisfactory answers to the water lines and pressure for the studied profile. Showing the results obtained through the water level and pressure calculations, using the equations for curve surface for a Creager\'s profile and Cossenoidal\'s profile suggest in this work. The flow realized in a Cossenoidal\'s profile show a behavior similar at the flow realized in a Creager\'s profile. The utilization of the Cossenoidal\'s profile was possible to realize the coincidence of the curvature radius in the crest between Cossenoidal\'s profile and Maynord Modified ellipse, and this profile was adjusted with a Creager\'s profile and Maynord\'s ellipse. The results of water level and pressure showed goods and satisfactory, very similar with the values showed in other studies for a conventional weirs (Creager and Maynord).
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Hussenoeder, Stefan Anthony. "Seismic and magnetic constraints on the strucutre of upper oceanic crust and fast and slow spreading ridges". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55336.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), September 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-246).
The upper ocean crust contains a comprehensive record of the shallow geological processes active along the world's mid-ocean ridge system. This thesis examines the magnetic and seismic structure of the upper crust at two contrasting ridges-the fast spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) and the slow spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR)-to build a more complete understanding about the roles of volcanic emplacement, tectonic disruption and hydrothermal alteration in the near-ridge environment. A technique that inverts potential field measurements directly from an uneven observation track is developed and applied to near-bottom magnetic data from the spreading segments north of the Kane transform on the MAR. It is concluded that the central anomaly magnetization high marks the locus of focused volcanic emplacement. A cyclic faulting model is proposed to explain the oscillatory magnetization pattern associated with discrete blocks of crust being transported out of the rift valley between intensely altered fault zones. Seismic waveform and amplitude analyses of the magma sill along the EPR reveal it to be a thin (<100 m) body of partial melt. These characteristics have important implications for melt availability and transport within the cycle of eruption and replenishment. A genetic algorithm-based seismic waveform inversion technique is developed and applied to on- and near-axis multichannel data from 17'20'S on the EPR and the spreading segment south of the Oceanographer transform (MAR) to map and compare for the first time the detailed velocity structure of the upper crust at two different spreading rates. Combined with conventionally processed seismic profiles, our results show that, while final extrusive thickness is comparable at all spreading ridges (300-500 m), the style of thickening may vary. While a thin (<100 m) extrusive carapace quadruples in thickness within 1-4 km of the EPR crest, the extrusive section at the MAR achieves its final thickness within the inner valley. Both show evidence for a narrow zone of volcanic emplacement. Vigorous hydrothermalism at the EPR may produce a more rapid increase in basement velocities relative to the MAR. Rapid modification of the extrusive/dike transition at both ridges indicates that hydrothermalism is enhanced in this interval. Along-axis transport of lavas may thicken the extrusive pile at slow spreading segment ends, strengthening the magnetic highs generated by lava chemistry.
by Stefan Anthony Hussenoeder.
Ph.D.
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Amriou, Tayeb. "Etude ab-initio de la strucutre électronique des composés lamellaires intercalés detype AMX2. Application aux batteries rechargeables". Artois, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ARTO0405.
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Ce travail s'incrit dans le cadre général de l'études des matériaux lamellaires AMX2 (A = Li, Na ; M = métal de transition ; X = O, S, Se) pouvant être utilisés comme électrode positive dans les batteries rechargeables. Des calculs théoriques du premier principe sont utilisées comme outil de caractérisation structurale, électronique et électrochimique des ces composés. La variation du voltage d'insertion a été corrélée à la nature de l'alcalin, du métal de transition et du chalcogène. Il apparaît que la tension d'intercalation décroit quand le numéro atomique de l'alcalin et du chalcogène augmente. Les résultats obtenus sont interprétés grâce à l'analyse des transferts de charge. Des comprotements différents ont été observés lors de l'intercalation du sodium comparativement à l'intercalation du lithium. Il apparaît que la compréhension du critère de transfert de charge est le paramètre clef pour l'obtention d'un potentiel importantThis work describes a general study of the layered compounds AMX2 (A = Li, Na ; M = Transition Metals; X = O, S, Se) usually used as positive electrode in the rechargeable batteries. First principal calculations are used to investigate the structural, electronic and electrochemical properties of theses compounds. The open circuit voltage variation is correlated to the nature of the alkali, the transition metal and the chalcogene. The results are interpreted with the charge transfer phenomena. It has been shown that the behaviour with the lithium intercalation is different from sodium intercalation. So, the understanding of the charge transfer is the key criteria to obtain a high potential
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Phyoe, Swe Aung. "Strong Motion Simulation in Sagaing City, Myanmar Considering the Identified Subsurface Structure Based on Observed Microtremors". Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/236622.
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Sousbie, Thierry. "LE SQUELETTE DE L'UNIVERS: Un outil d'analyse topologique des grandes structures". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00162559.
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La distribution de la matière dans l'Univers est supposée homogène et isotrope à très grande échelle mais l'observation de la distribution des galaxies lorsde grandes campagnes de recensements comme le SDSS nous montre un véritable réseau d'amas et de filaments sur des échelles de plusieurs centaines de
mégaparsecs.\\
De nombreuses méthodes ont été développées dans le but de caractériser cette distribution et nous nous proposons dans cette thèse de présenter l'adaptation en trois dimensions d'un nouvel outil: le squelette.
Cette méthode vise à donner une définition mathématique claire des filaments ainsi qu'un algorithme numérique robuste permettant leur identification ainsi que le calcul de leurs propriétés. \\
Afin de pouvoir comparer les résultats obtenus à partir des simulations N-corps de matière noire aux observations, une nouvelle méthode, baptisée MoLUSC, spécialisée dans la création de catalogues virtuels de
galaxies a aussi été élaborée. Elle se base sur les modèles semi-analytiques et est particulièrement efficace pour la fabrication de catalogues de grande
taille simulant de manière suffisamment réaliste les propriétés galactiques.\\
Les utilisations de ces deux outils sont nombreuses et nous montrons par exemple qu'il est possible en mesurant la densité de longueur des filaments à
une échelle donnée de contraindre la quantité de matière dans l'univers
$\Omega_m$. Ces méthodes peuvent aussi être appliquées avec succès à la mesure statistique des propriétés du flux de matière noire le long des filaments, une mesure inédite. Nous présentons enfin de nombreuses applications possibles dont les résultats préliminaires sont très encourageants.
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Sivelle, Vianney. "Couplage d'approches conceptuelles, systémiques et distribuées pour l'interprétation de traçages artificiels en domaine karstique : implications pour la détermination de la strucure interne des aquifères karstiques". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30180.
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L'objectif principal de ces travaux de thèse consiste à améliorer la compréhension de la structure interne des aquifères karstiques en s'appuyant sur l'interprétation de traçages artificiels. Pour répondre à cet objectif, cette thèse s'appuie sur les bassins versants karstiques du Baget et d'Aliou (Ariège, France) ainsi que d'autres hydrosystèmes karstiques (les systèmes de Norville, du Val de Loire et de Foubanne) inclus dans le Service National d'Observation des Karsts (SNO Karst, INSU-CNRS) et sur la base de données BD traçage du BRGM incluant notamment le système karstique de l'Ouysse. L'approche globale retenue pour ces travaux de thèse consiste à coupler les résultats de différentes approches. [1] La modélisation conceptuelle à réservoirs avec l'outil dédié KarstMod permet de partitionner les écoulements à l'échelle du bassin versant et d'appréhender la dynamique des échanges entre la matrice et les conduits, à court et long terme. On estime que la contribution annuelle de la matrice au débit à l'exutoire est d'environ 3% et qu'elle peut augmenter jusqu'à 25% en période de faible précipitation. [2] Une approche systémique de type "fonction de transfert" a été développée et appliquée à divers hydrosystèmes (dont les systèmes de Norville, de l'Ouysse, du Val de Loire et de Foubanne). Cette approche consiste à étudier la dynamique du transport de masse en soluté en interprétant des données de traçages artificiels et permet de partitionner les écoulements en estimant les temps de résidence des différentes composantes qui contribuent en transfert de solutés entre les points d'injection et de restitution. [3] Une approche distribuée intégrant un couplage de données géophysiques et de simulations pseudo-génétique permet de simuler des réseaux de drainage. Les écoulements et le transport de masse en soluté associé sont ensuite simulés et confrontés à des données de terrain. Cela constitue une approche originale pour déduire la structuration des écoulements souterrains à partir des données de traçages artificielsThe main objective of these thesis is to improve the understanding of the internal structure of karstic aquifers by relying on the interpretation of artificial tracer tests. To meet these objectives, this thesis is based on the karst watersheds of Baget and Aliou (Ariège, France) as well as other karst hydrosystems (the Norville, Val de Loire and Foubanne systems) included in the National Karts Observation Service (SNO Karst, INSU-CNRS) and the tracing database of the BRGM including the Ouysse karst system. The overall approach adopted for this thesis is to couple the results of different approaches. [1] Conceptual reservoirs modeling with the dedicated KarstMod model allows the partitioning of flows at the scale of the watershed and to understand the dynamics of the exchanges between the matrix and the conduits, in the short and long term. It is estimated that the annual contribution of the matrix to the total outflow is about 3% and can increase up to 25% during periods of low precipitation. [2] A systemic approach of the "transfer function" type has been developed and applied to various hydrosystems (the Norville, Ouysse, Val de Loire and Foubanne systems). This approach consists of studying the dynamics of solute mass transport by interpreting artificial tracer tests data and partitioning the flows by estimating the residence times of the different components that contribute to solute transfer between the injection and recovery points. [3] A distributed approach integrating a coupling of geophysical data and pseudo-genetic simulations makes it possible to simulate drainage networks. The associated solute flows and mass transport are then simulated and compared with field data. This is an approach to deduce the structuring of underground flows from the data of artificial tracer tests
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Rishi, Ram Parajuli. "DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF VEHICLES DURING AN EARTHQUAKE". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225571.
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Bozkurt, Okan Cagri. "Operation Of The Water Control Structures". Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615419/index.pdf.
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Floods are one of the most important natural disasters regarding damages caused by them. Major reasons of huge damages of floods are unplanned urbanization, narrowing of river beds and incorrect operation of water control structures. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can provide important tools to be used in flood modeling studies. In this study, Lake Mogan, Lake Eymir and Incesu Detention Pond subbasins are studied for flooding events within GIS framework. These subbasins are important catchment areas of city of Ankara with total drainage area of 1070 km2. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) method is used to obtain flood hydrographs for 12 hour duration and 50, 100 and 500 year return periods. Flood routing procedure is applied to obtain discharges at the outlet of the Mogan and Eymir Lakes and Incesu Detention Pond. Operation performance of water control structures are tried to be estimated by using hydrographs which are obtained for different scenarios. Results show that elements of Lake Mogan Water Control Structure do not have capability to discharge 500 year storm safely to the downstream of the lake. However, 100 year storm can be routed without creating problem if necessary small precautions are taken. On the other hand, water control elements of Lake Eymir and Incesu Detention Pond can transmit obtained flood volumes to the downstream parts by assuming that closed conduit at the exit of Incesu Detention Pond can safely convey resultant flood discharges.
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Maase, Anders, e Niklas Möllmark. "Hur påverkar ägarstrukturen bolagets prestation i en svensk kontext? : Är svensk bolagsstyrning värd att försvara i en globaliserad värld?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66944.
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Master Thesis in Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, 4FE17E, 2017 Authors: Anders Maase and Niklas Möllmark Supervisor: Anna Stafsudd Second supervisor: Håkan Locking Examiner: Karin Jonnergård Title: How does the ownership structure affect the firm’s performance in a Swedish context? Background: Ownership structure has been a hot topic ever since the first firms were founded and has since been affected by law, globalization and internationalization. Sweden has previously been characterized by a high ownership concentration as a result from ‘The Swedish Model’ but today there are international pressures that instead propagate a spread type of ownership. The views differ if Sweden is to continue advocating the concentrated ownership structure or shifting towards the Anglo-American corporate governance model. Purpose: To explain if and how ownership structure affects the performance of Swedish listed firms. Method: The study has a deductive research approach and the underlying theory is based on agency theory. The quantitative research method relies on ownership, board and financial data from 2011, 2012 and 2013. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between ownership concentration and the firm’s performance, but between ownership structure there is significant evidence that foreign and institutional ownership affects the company's performance. Thus, it is possible that Sweden moves towards an Anglo-American type of corporate governance.Examensarbete, Civilekonomprogrammet, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniverstietet, Företagsekonomi, 4FE17E, VT-2017 Författare: Anders Maase och Niklas Möllmark Handledare: Anna Stafsudd Medbedömare: Håkan Locking Examinator: Karin Jonnergård Titel: Hur påverkar ägarstrukturen bolagets prestation i en svensk kontext? Bakgrund: Temat ägarstruktur har debatterats sedan bolagens uppkomst och har sedan dess påverkats av lagstiftning, globalisering och en ökad internationalisering. Sverige har tidigare kännetecknats av en hög ägarkoncentration till följd av den svenska modellen men idag finns det internationella påtryckningar som istället förespråkar ett spritt ägande. Åsikterna går isär om Sverige ska fortsätta förespråka den koncentrerade ägarstrukturen eller övergå mot den angloamerikanska bolagsstyrningsmodellen. Syfte: Att förklara om och i så fall hur ägarstrukturen påverkar svenska börsnoterade bolags prestation. Metod: Studien har en deduktiv forskningsansats där den teoretiska grunden utgörs av agentteori. Den kvantitativa forskningsmetoden bygger på ägar-, styrelse- och finansiell data från åren 2011, 2012 och 2013. Slutsats: Det råder inget signifikant samband mellan ägarkoncentration och bolagets prestation men mellan ägarstruktur finns det signifikanta belägg för att utländskt och institutionellt ägande har en negativ påverkan på bolagets prestation. Därmed är det möjligt att Sverige rör sig mot en angloamerikansk typ av bolagsstyrning.
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Xu, Tao. "The structure-property relation in nanocrystalline materials: a computational study on nanocrystalline copper by Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37108.
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Nanocrystalline materials have been under extensive study in the past two decades. The reduction in grain size induces many abnormal behaviors in the properties of nanocrystalline materials, that have been investigated systematically and quantitatively. As one of the most fundamental relations in materials science, the structure-property relation should still apply on materials of nano-scale grain sizes. The characterization of grain boundaries (GBs) and related entities remains a big obstacle to understanding the structure-property relation in nanocrystalline materials. It is challenging experimentally to determine the topological properties of polycrystalline materials due to the complex and disordered grain boundary network presented in the nanocrystalline materials. The constantly improving computing power enables us to study the structure-property relation in nanocrystalline materials via Monte Carlo and molecular dynamic simulations.
In this study, we will first propose a geometrical construction method based on inverse Monte Carlo simulation to generate digital microstructures with desired topological properties such as grain size, interface area, triple junction length as well as their statistical distributions. The influences on the grain shapes by different topological properties are studied. Two empirical geometrical laws are examined including the Lewis rule and Aboav-Weaire law. Secondly, defect free nanocrystalline Copper (nc-Cu) samples are generated by filling atoms into the Voronoi structure and then relaxed by molecular dynamics simulations. Atoms in the relaxed nc-Cu samples are then characterized into grain atoms, GB interface atoms, GB triple junction atoms and vertex atoms using a newly proposed method. Atoms in each GB entity can also be identified. Next, the topological properties of nc-Cu samples before and after relaxation are calculated and compared, indicating that there exists a physical limit in the number of atoms to form a stable grain boundary interface and triple junction in nanocrystalline materials. In addition, we are able to obtain the statistical averages of geometrical and thermal properties of atoms across each GB interfaces, the so-called GB profiles, and study the grain size, misorientation and temperature effects on the microstructures in nanocrystalline materials. Finally, nc-Cu samples with different topological properties are deformed under simple shear using MD simulation in an attempt to study the structure-property relation in nanocrystalline materials.
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Zeng, Cong. "Classification of RNA Pseudoknots and Comparison of Structure Prediction Methods". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112127/document.
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De nombreuses recherches ont constaté l'importance des molécules d'ARN, car ils jouent un rôle vital dans beaucoup de procédures moléculaires. Et il est accepté généralement que les structures des molécules d'ARN sont la clé de la découverte de leurs fonctions.Au cours de l'enquête de structures d'ARN, les chercheurs dépendent des méthodes bioinformatiques de plus en plus. Beaucoup de méthodes in silico de prédiction des structures secondaires d'ARN ont émergé dans cette grosse vague, y compris certains qui sont capables de prédire pseudonoeuds, un type particulier de structures secondaires d'ARN.Le but de ce travail est d'essayer de comparer les méthodes de l'état de l'art pour prédiction de pseudonoeud, et offrir aux collègues des idées sur le choix d’une méthode pratique pour la seule séquence donnée. En fait, beaucoup d'efforts ont été fait dans la prédiction des structures secondaires d'ARN parmi lesquelles le pseudonoeud les dernières décennies, contribuant à de nombreux programmes dans ce domaine. Certaines enjeux sont soulevées conséquemment. Comment est-elle la performance de chaque méthode, en particulier sur une classe de séquences d'ARN particulière? Quels sont leurs pour et contre? Que pout-on profiter des méthodes contemporaines si on veut développer de nouvelles? Cette thèse a la confiance dans l'enquête sur les réponses.Cette thèse porte sur très nombreuses comparaisons de la performance de prédire pseudonoeuds d'ARN par les méthodes disponibles. Une partie principale se concentre sur la prédiction de signaux de déphasage par deux méthodes principalement. La deuxième partie principale se concentre sur la prédiction de pseudonoeuds qui participent à des activités moléculaires beaucoup plus générale.Dans le détail, la deuxième partie du travail comprend 414 pseudonoeuds de Pseudobase et de la Protein Data Bank, ainsi que 15 méthodes dont 3 méthodes exactes et 12 heuristiques. Plus précisément, trois grandes catégories de mesures complexes sont introduites, qui divisent encore les 414 pseudonoeuds en une série de sous-classes respectivement.Les comparaisons se passent par comparer les prédictions de chaque méthode basée sur l'ensemble des 414 pseudonœuds, et les sous-ensembles qui sont classés par les deux mesures complexes et la longueur, le type de l'ARN et de l'organisme des pseudonœuds.Le résultat montre que les pseudo-noeuds portent une complexité relativement faible dans toutes les mesures. Et la performance des méthodes modernes varie de sous-classe à l’autre, mais diminue constamment lors que la complexité de pseudonoeuds augmente. Plus généralement, les méthodes heuristiques sont supérieurs globalement à celles exacts. Et les résultats de l'évaluation sensibles sont dépendants fortement de la qualité de structure de référence et le système d'évaluation. Enfin, cette partie du travail est fourni comme une référence en ligne pour la communauté bioinformatiqueLots of researches convey the importance of the RNA molecules, as they play vital roles in many molecular procedures. And it is commonly believed that the structures of the RNA molecules hold the key to the discovery of their functions.During the investigation of RNA structures, the researchers are dependent on the bioinformatical methods increasingly. Many in silico methods of predicting RNA secondary structures have emerged in this big wave, including some ones which are capable of predicting pseudoknots, a particular type of RNA secondary structures.The purpose of this dissertation is to try to compare the state-of-the-art methods predicting pseudoknots, and offer the colleagues some insights into how to choose a practical method for the given single sequence. In fact, lots of efforts have been done into the prediction of RNA secondary structures including pseudoknots during the last decades, contributing to many programs in this field. Some challenging questions are raised consequently. How about the performance of each method, especially on a particular class of RNA sequences? What are their advantages and disadvantages? What can we benefit from the contemporary methods if we want to develop new ones? This dissertation holds the confidence in the investigation of the answers.This dissertation carries out quite many comparisons of the performance of predicting RNA pseudoknots by the available methods. One main part focuses on the prediction of frameshifting signals by two methods principally. The second main part focuses on the prediction of pseudoknots which participate in much more general molecular activities.In detail, the second part of work includes 414 pseudoknots, from both the Pseudobase and the Protein Data Bank, and 15 methods including 3 exact methods and 12 heuristic ones. Specifically, three main categories of complexity measurements are introduced, which further divide the 414 pseudoknots into a series of subclasses respectively. The comparisons are carried out by comparing the predictions of each method based on the entire 414 pseudoknots, and the subsets which are classified by both the complexity measurements and the length, RNA type and organism of the pseudoknots.The result shows that the pseudoknots in nature hold a relatively low complexity in all measurements. And the performance of contemporary methods varies from subclass to subclass, but decreases consistently as the complexity of pseudoknots increases. More generally, the heuristic methods globally outperform the exact ones. And the susceptible assessment results are dependent strongly on the quality of the reference structures and the evaluation system. Last but not least, this part of work is provided as an on-line benchmark for the bioinformatics community
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Afsari, Mamaghani Sepideh. "The Formation of Two Dimensional Supramolecular Structures and Their Use in Studying Charge Transport at the Single Molecule Level at the Liquid-Solid Interface". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/350915.
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ChemistryPh.D.
Understanding charge transport through molecular junctions and factors affecting the conductivity at the single molecule level is the first step in designing functional electronic devices using individual molecules. A variety of methods have been developed to fabricate metal-molecule-metal junctions in order to evaluate Single Molecule Conductance (SMC). Single molecule junctions usually are formed by wiring a molecule between two metal electrodes via anchoring groups that provide efficient electronic coupling and bind the organic molecular backbone to the metal electrodes. We demonstrated a novel strategy to fabricate single molecule junctions by employing the stabilization provided by the long range ordered structure of the molecules on the surface. The templates formed by the ordered molecular adlayer immobilize the molecule on the electrode surface and facilitate conductance measurements of single molecule junctions with controlled molecular orientation. This strategy enables the construction of orientation-controlled single molecule junctions, with molecules lacking proper anchoring groups that cannot be formed via conventional SMC methods. Utilizing Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) imaging and STM break junction (STM-BJ) techniques combined, we employed the molecular assembly of mesitylene to create highly conductive molecular junctions with controlled orientation of benzene ring perpendicular to the STM tip as the electrode. The long range ordered structure of mesitylene molecules imaged using STM, supports the hypothesis that mesitylene is initially adsorbed on the Au(111) with the benzene ring lying flat on the surface and perpendicular to the Au tip. Thus, long range ordered structure of mesitylene facilitates formation of Au-π-Au junctions. Mesitylene molecules do not have standard anchoring groups providing enough contact to the gold electrode and the only assumable geometry for the molecules in the junction is via direct contact between Au and the π system of the benzene ring in mesitylene. SMC measurements for Au/mesitylene/Au junctions results in a molecular conductance value around 0.125Go, two orders of magnitude higher than the measured conductance of a benzene ring connected via anchoring groups. We attributed this conductance peak to charge transport perpendicular to the benzene ring due to direct coupling between the π system and the gold electrode that happens in planar orientation. The conductance we measured for planar orientation of benzene ring is two order of magnitude larger than conductance of junctions formed with benzene derivatives with conventional linkers. Thus, altering the orientation of a single benzene-containing molecule between the two electrodes from planar orientation to the upright attached via the linkers, results in altering the conductivity in a large order. Based on these findings, by utilizing STM imaging and STM-BJ in an electrochemical environment including potential induced self-assembly formation of terephthalic acid, we designed an electrochemical single molecule switch. Terephthalic acid forms large domains of ordered structure on negatively charged Au(111) surface under negative electrochemical surface potentials with the benzene ring lying flat on the surface due to hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acid groups of neighboring molecules. Formation of long range ordered structure facilitates direct contact between the π system of the benzene ring and the gold electrodes resulting in the conductance peak. On positively charged Au(111), deprotonation of carboxylic acid groups leads to absence of long range ordered structure of molecules with planar orientation and absence of the conductance peak. In this case alternating the surface (electrode) potential from negative to positive charge densities induces a transition in the adlayer structure on the surface and switches conductance value. Hence, electrochemical surface potential can, in principle, be employed as an external stimulus to switch single molecule arrangement on the surface and the conductance in the junction. The observation of conductance switching due to molecule’s arrangement in the junction lead to the hypothesis that for any benzene derivative, an orientation-dependent conductance in the junction due to the contact geometry (i.e. electrode-anchoring groups versus direct electrode-π contact) should be expected. Conventional techniques in fabricating single molecule junctions enable accessing charge transport along only one direction, i.e., between two anchoring groups. However, molecules such as benzene derivatives are anisotropic objects and we are able to measure an orientation-dependent conductance. In order to systematically study anisotropic conductivity at single molecule level, we need to measure the conductance in different and well-controlled orientations of single molecules in the junction. We employed the same EC-STM-BJ set up for SMC measurements and utilize electrochemical potential of the substrate (electrode) as the tuning source to variate the orientation of the single molecule in the junction. We investigated single molecule conductance of the benzene rings with carboxylic acid functional groups in two orientations: one with the benzene ring bridging between two electrodes using carboxylic acids as anchoring groups (upright); and one with the molecule lying flat on the substrate perpendicular to the STM tip (planar). Physisorption of these species on the Au (111) single crystal electrode surface at negative electrochemical potentials results in an ordered structure with the benzene ring in a planar orientation. Positive electrochemical potentials cause formation of the ordered structure with molecules standing upright due to coordination of a deprotonated carboxyl groups to the electrode surface. Thus, formation of the single molecule junction and consequently conductivity measurements is facilitated in two directions for the same molecule and anisotropic conductivity can be studied. In engineering well-ordered two-dimensional (2-D) molecular structures with controlled assembly of molecular species, pH can be employed as another tuning source for the molecular structures and adsorption in experiments conducted in aqueous solutions. Based on simple chemical principles, amine (NH2) groups are hydrogen bond acceptors and donors. Amines are soluble in water and protonation results in protonated (NH3+) and unprotonated (NH2) amine groups in acidic and moderately acidic/neutral solutions, respectively. Thus, amines are suitable molecular building blocks for fabricating 2-D supramolecular structures where pH is employed as a knob to manipulate intermolecular hydrogen bonding leading to phase transitions. We investigated pH induced structural changes in the 1,3,5–triaminobenzene (TAB) monolayer and the formation/disruption of hydrogen bonds between neighboring molecules. Our STM images indicate that in the concentrated acidic solution, the protonated amine groups of TAB are not able to form H-bonds and long range ordered structure of TAB does not form on the Au(111) surface. However, in moderately acidic solution (pH ~ 5.5) at room temperature, protonation on the ring carbon atom generates species capable of forming H-bonds leading to the formation of the long range ordered structures of TAB molecules. Utilizing EC-STM set up, we investigated the controllable fabrication of a TAB 2-D supramolecular structure based on amine-amine hydrogen bonding and effect of pH in formation of ordered/disordered TAB network.
Temple University--Theses
33
Maziero, Erick Galani. "Identificação automática de relações multidocumento". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-29032012-111155/.
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O tratamento multidocumento mostra-se indispensável no cenário atual das mídias eletrônicas, em que são produzidos diversos documentos sobre um mesmo tópico, principalmente quando se considera a explosão de informação permitida pela web. Tanto leitores quanto aplicações computacionais se beneficiam da análise discursiva multidocumento por meio da qual são explicitadas relações entre as porções dos documentos, por exemplo, relações de equivalência, contradição ou de contextualização de alguma informação. A fim de realizar o tratamento automático multidocumento, adota-se neste trabalho a teoria linguístico-computacional CST (Cross-document Structure Theory, Radev, 2000). Esse tipo de conhecimento multidocumento permite que (i) se tratem mais apropriadamente fenômenos como redundância, complementariedade e contradição de informações e, consequentemente, (ii) produzam-se sistemas melhores de processamento textual, como buscadores web mais inteligentes e sumarizadores automáticos. Neste trabalho é apresentada uma metodologia de identificação dessas relações explorando-se técnicas de aprendizado automático do paradigma tradicional e hierárquico. Para relações que não são passíveis de identificação por aprendizado automático foram desenvolvidas regras para sua identificação. Por fim, um parser é gerado contendo classificadores e regrasThe multi-document treatment is essential in the current scenario of electronic media, in which many documents are produced about a same topic, mainly when considering the explosion of information allowed by the web. Both readers and computational applications are benefited by the discursive multi-document analysis, through which the relations (for example, equivalence, contradiction or background relations) among the portions of text are showed. In order to achieve the automatic multi-document treatment, the CST (Cross-document Structure Theory, Radev, 2000) is adopted in this work. This kind of knowledge allow (i) the appropriated treatment of phenomena like redundancy, complementarity and contradiction of information and, consequently, (ii) the production of better systems of text processing, as more intelligent web searchers and automatic summarizers. In this work, a methodology to identify these relations is presented exploring techniques of machine learning of the traditional and hierarchical paradigm. For relations with low frequency in the corpus, handcrafted rules were developed. Finally, a parser is generated containing classifiers and rules
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Rigatto, Paulo. "Elementos determinantes das configurações das estruturas de coordenação vertical no setor brasileiro de frutas em conserva". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/106451.
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Quais as causas e condições que levam à ocorrência de diferentes estruturas de Coordenação Vertical (CV) dentro de uma mesma indústria? Este estudo objetiva identificar, caracterizar e analisar as diferentes formas de coordenação vertical encontradas em onze empresas pertencentes ao setor de pêssegos em conserva no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). A presente pesquisa, caracterizada como um estudo multi-caso, utilizou-se de duas abordagens teóricas da Economia para estruturar seu modelo de análise: a da Economia dos Custos de Transação e a da Visão Baseada em Recursos. Os resultados revelam que os fatores mais relevantes para a escolha da definição das estruturas de coordenação vertical entre empresas e fornecedores (destas indústrias) são transacionais e de recursos. Altos níveis de incerteza e oportunismo (custos de transação) levam as empresas a adotar estruturas hierárquicas de coordenação (produção própria). O estudo da dinâmica evolutiva das estruturas de Coordenação Vertical permitiu relaciona-las às características dos recursos e dos custos das transações. A primeira, relacionando o modelo de Coordenação Vertical adotado pela empresa aos tipos de recursos (tangíveis e intangíveis) disponíveis; e a segunda, à imprevisibilidade e relevância de problemas no fluxo de suprimento de matéria-prima. A disponibilidade de recursos intangíveis mostrou ter um forte impacto sobre a adoção de relações mais integradas com fornecedores, enquanto que uma maior disponibilidade de recursos tangíveis exerce uma pressão maior no sentido da verticalização da produção de suprimentos. E a segunda, relacionando a imprevisibilidade e a relevância dos problemas no suprimento de matéria prima. Quanto maior a imprevisibilidade ou velocidade de ocorrência e relevância de um problema no fluxo de suprimentos maior será a tendência de reação no sentido da verticalização da produção e vice-versa.What are the causes and conditions that lead to the existence of different vertical co-ordination (VC) structures within the same industry? This study aims to identify, characterize and analyze the varying forms of VC found in eleven firms that comprise the peach conserve industry in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). In order to establish its analysis model, the present research, which may be characterized as a multi-case study, was based on two theoretical concepts on economics: the Transactional Costs Economics, and the Resources Based View. The results obtained reveal that the most relevant factors that influence the choice of VC structure among these firms and their suppliers are transactional and resources. High levels of uncertainty and opportunism (transaction factors) lead firms to adopt more hierarchical VC structures (own production). Studying the VC structures evolutive dynamics, it was allowed to relate them to the characteristics of Resources and Transactional Costs. The former one has related the VC model adopted by the firm to the different kinds of available resources (tangible or intangible); and the latter one, to the unforeseeability and relevance of raw material supply flow difficulties. Bigger intangible resources availability is shown to have a strong impact on the adoption of more integrated VC structures; whereas greater capital availability moves firms towards a more hierarchical VC of supplies production. Second, the bigger the unforeseeability and the relevance of raw material supply flow difficulties, accordingly bigger will be the reaction tendency to a production verticalization, and vice-versa.
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Palma, Giacomo. "The Semantic Structure of the Noun "Dog" : Qualia structure and how it works". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-10078.
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This essay studies the semantic structure of the noun dog with the help of qualia structure and adjectives that collocate with the noun. It also evaluates the idea of qualia structure and how well it works in studying the semantic structure of nouns. More specifically, the aim of this paper is to see how the information contained by the noun dog could be structured in terms of qualia structure. On a more general level the aim is also to evaluate, and add to, the idea of qualia structure as such. In order to accomplish this aim the top 100 adjectives that collocate with the noun dog were searched for in the COCA corpus (Corpus of Contemporary American English). The results were that with the help of qualia structure and some adjectives that collocate with the noun, it was possible to posit some substructures for the noun dog and create a tree that gave an overview of the semantic structure of the noun. However, some problems arose during the process making it clear where qualia structure needs improvement. This led to the discussion of the evolution of qualia structure and where the idea could be, and perhaps should be headed in the near future.
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Henadeerage, Kumara, e kumara henadeerage@anu edu au. "Topics in Sinhala Syntax". The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20060426.142352.
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This study is a detailed investigation of a number of issues in colloquial
Sinhala morphosyntax. These issues primarily concern grammatical relations,
argument structure, phrase structure and focus constructions. The
theoretical framework of this study is Lexical Functional Grammar.¶Chapter
1 introduces the issues to be discussed, followed by a brief introduction
of some essential aspects of colloquial Sinhala as background for the
discussion in the following chapters. In Chapter 2 we present basic
concepts of the theoretical framework of Lexical Functional Grammar.¶ The
next three chapters mainly concern grammatical relations, argument
structure and clause structure in colloquial Sinhala. Chapter 3 examines
grammatical relations. The main focus lies in establishing the subject
grammatical relation in terms of various subjecthood diagnostics. We show
that only a very small number of diagnostics are reliable, and that the
evidence for subject is weaker than assumed previously. All the subjecthood
diagnostics that were examined select the most prominent argument in the
argument structure as the subject, i.e. 'logical subject'. However, there
appear to be no processes in the language that are sensitive to the subject
in the grammatical relations structure, i.e. 'gr-subject'. Further, there
is no evidence for other grammatical relations like objects. In Chapter 4
we discuss the agentless construction and related valency alternation
phenomena. It was previously assumed that the agentless construction,
valency alternation phenomena and the involitive construction are all
related. We argue that the agentless construction should be treated as a
different construction from the involitive construction. We also show that
the agentless construction and the involitive construction have contrasting
characteristics, and that treatment of them as separate constructions can
account for some phenomena which did not receive an explanation previously.
The valency alternation phenomena are related to the agentless
construction, therefore there is no valency alternation in involitive
constructions. It will be shown that verbs undergoing the valency
alternation can be distinguished from the other verbs in terms of the
lexical semantic properties of individual verbs. Chapter 5 examines the
structure of non-verbal sentences in terms of a number of morphosyntactic
phenomena. It was previously argued that verbal sentences and non-verbal
sentences in colloquial Sinhala differ in terms of clause structure.
However, the present study shows evidence to the contrary.¶ The next two
chapters deal with modelling contrastive focus and the phrase structure of
the language. Chapter 6 is a detailed analysis of the contrastive focus
(cleft) construction in various clause types in the language, and proposes
a unified syntactic treatment of contrastive focus. Contrastive focus is in
some constructions morphologically encoded, while in others it involves
both morphological and configurational assignment of focus. The complex
interaction between focus markers and verb morphology in various focus
constructions is accounted for by general well-formedness conditions
applying to the f-structure, and the principles of Functional Uncertainty
and Morphological Blocking. In Chapter 7, we discuss the phrase structure
of the language, in particular such issues as its non-configurational
nature and the lack of evidence for VP. We propose non-configurational S
and some functional projections to account for word order freedom under S
and to explain certain morphosyntactic phenomena, such as configurational
focus assignment. Finally, Chapter 8 summarises the conclusions made in
previous chapters.
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Holtmann, Dieter. "Die Sozialstruktur der Bundesrepublik Deutschland im internationalen Vergleich. - 7., veränd. Aufl". Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5785/.
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Für den internationalen Vergleich von Gesellschaften wird ein System gesellschaftlicher Dauerbeobachtung vorgeschlagen, indem aufgrund einer Auseinandersetzung mit der sozialphilosophischen Diskussion acht Performanzkriterien für den internationalen Vergleich von Lebensbedingungen bzw. der „Wohlfahrt der Nationen“ entwickelt werden: Wohlstand und Wachstum; ökologische Nachhaltigkeit; Innovation; soziale Sicherung durch Unterstützungsleistungen im Risikofall sowie vorsorgend durch Bildungsinvestitionen; Anerkennung der Besonderheiten (Frauenfreundlichkeit und Migrantenfreundlichkeit); Gleichheit der Teilhabe; soziale Integration; Autonomie („freedom of choice and capabilities”). All dies betrachten wir als gesellschaftlich wünschenswerte Ziele.
In unserem Ansatz gehen wir nicht von einem einheitlichen Pfad der Modernisierung in Richtung Wachstum, Partizipation und Inklusion aus, sondern unterscheiden in Erweiterung der „drei Welten des Wohlfahrtskapitalismus“ von Esping-Andersen (mindestens) fünf verschiedene institutionelle Entwicklungspfade der Modernisierung: Der sozialdemokratisch-universalistische Pfad, der wirtschaftsliberale Pfad, der Status-konservierende Pfad, der „familistische“ Pfad und die Entwicklung der Gruppe der ex-sozialistischen Länder, die sich in einem Prozess der Ausdifferenzierung befinden. Ab der 3. Auflage werden nun 36 Länder verglichen (incl. aller EU-Mitglieder) statt wie zuvor 28 Länder, in der 7. Auflage auf dem Stand von Januar 2012.
Zur Analyse der Sozialstrukturen werden als Modelle sozialer Lagen berücksichtigt: Marx, Weber, Roemer/Wright; soziale Schichten, berufliche Lagen, Goldthorpe-Modell; Bourdieu, Vester, Hradil. Als Anwendungsbereiche werden behandelt: Dienstleistungsgesellschaften und Erwerbstätigkeit, Bildung; Wohlfahrtsregime und soziale Sicherung; Wohlstand, Einkommen, Vermögen und Armut; soziale Mobilität; soziale Ungleichheiten zwischen Frauen und Männern; Bevölkerungsstruktur und Lebensformen; Lebensstile; Individualisierung und ihre Gegenbewegungen; zusammenfassender Vergleich von Lebensbedingungen in verschiedenen Ländern und Wohlfahrtsregimen.For the international comparison of societies a system for continuous observation is proposed, based on a discussion of moral values in social philosophy, which results in eight criteria of performance of societies in the following living conditions: Wealth and growth; ecological sustainability; innovation; social security by supporting benefits in the case of risk and preventive by investments in education; appreciation of peculiarities (women friendliness and migrants friendliness); equality of are sources and rights; social integration; autonomy ("freedom of choice and capabilities"). In our approach we do not assume a uniform pathway of modernization in the direction of growth, participation and inclusion, but differentiate in extension of the "three worlds of welfare capitalism" of Esping-Andersen (1990) (at least) five different institutional pathways of modernization: The social democratic (universalistic) path, the economically liberal path, the status-conserving path, the familistic path and the development of the group of post-socialist countries, which are in a process of differentiating. We compare 36 countries including all members of the EU and the anglo-saxon countries as well as Japan. For the analysis of social structures the following models of social positioning are considered: Marx, Weber, Roemer/Wright; social strata; occupational positions, Goldthorpes model; Bourdieu, Vester, Hradil. As fields of application are discussed: Service societies and employment, education; wealth, income, property and poverty; social mobility; social inequalities between women and men; demographic structure and forms of living; life styles; welfare regimes and social security; individualization and its counter-movements; summarizing comparison of the living conditions in different countries and welfare regimes.
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Nilsson, Rebecka. "Designing an Interactive Micro-Learning Application : A New Way to Learn Thermography". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-451072.
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Micro-learning is a concept of small units of focused and condensed learning activities that can be performed on various devices. Micro-learning has turned out to be an effective approach to strengthen the long-term memory. This master’s thesis project explores the concept of micro-learning, how thermography can be taught using micro-learning, and how a micro-learning application can be designed to encourage learning of thermography. This project was done in collaboration with FLIR Systems AB that wants to develop their current training offer and investigate micro-learning as an alternative. The goal of this master’s thesis project was to design and test an interactive prototype of a micro-learning application to learn thermography. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to define the target group for the application, and the prototype was tested and evaluated by test participants from the target group. The user testing and evaluation showed that all test participants would use a micro-learning application for learning thermography if it was available on the market. Three out of four test participants would feel more motivated to learn thermography using a micro-learning application compared with other ways of learning.Mikroinlärning är ett koncept bestående av små delar av fokuserade och komprimerade lärandeaktiviteter som kan utföras på olika enheter. Mikroinlärning har visats sig vara ett effektivt sätt för att stärka långtidsminnet. Detta examensarbete utforskar mikroinlärning som koncept, hur termografi kan läras ut med hjälp av mikroinlärning samt hur en mikroinlärningsapplikation kan designas för att främja lärandet av termografi. Detta projekt genomfördes i samarbete med FLIR Systems AB som vill utveckla deras nuvarande utbildningserbjudande och undersöka mikroinlärning som ett alternativ. Målet med detta examensarbete var att designa och testa en interaktiv prototyp av en mikroinlärningsapplikation för att lära sig termografi. Semistrukturerade intervjuer gjordes för att definiera målgruppen för applikationen och prototypen testades och utvärderades av testpersoner från målgruppen. Användartestet och utvärderingen visade att alla testdeltagare skulle använda en mikroinlärningsapplikation för att lära sig termografi om det fanns tillgängligt på marknaden. Tre av fyra testdeltagare skulle känna sig mer motiverade att lära sig termografi med hjälp av en mikroinlärningsapplikation jämfört med andra sätt att lära sig.
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Yang, Chen Yang. "PHOTOMULTIPLICAITON EFFECT IN ORGANIC AND QUANTUM DOT PHOTODETECTOR AND DEVICE STRUCTURAL MOTIFICATION". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1495318625625402.
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Osei-Hwere, Enyonam M. "Children's Television in Ghana: History, Policy, Diversity, and Prospects in a Changing Media Environment". Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1218685896.
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Sheer, Francis Joseph. "Multi-Scale Computational Modeling of Fluid-Structure Interactions and Adhesion Dynamics in the Upper Respiratory System". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316287639.
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Larsabal, Etienne. "Découverte des motifs souples de classe A : une nouvelle classe de sites d' interaction ADN-protéines chez les procaryotes et eucaryotes inférieurs". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066216.
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Brandão, Janaína Balk. "A GESTÃO DA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTOS DAS REDES REGIONAIS DE VAREJO DE FRUTAS, LEGUMES E VERDURAS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3801.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThis thesis study aims to verify what conditions the adoption of governance structures in the formation and management of supplies chains in the networks of fruit and vegetables retail in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. For this, the main question for this research is: What are the motivations that take to the structures of governance adopted in the supply chains of retail organizations for FLV? The theorical framework used to help in the comprehension of the complex relationships established in the competitive modern environment is based, above, in the New Institucional Economy, in the Theory of Transaction Costs in the approach of Management in Chain of Supplies and in the Competitive Strategies of network organizations. As a level of analysis the chain of supplies of the retail companies is adopted, from the perspective of internal chain until the interorganizational arrangements. The methodological option performed for this investigation is the Case Study, considering that three regional networks of retail and six suppliers were analysed, covering the area of 5 mesoregions of the state. The choice of the cut on what refers to the section of fruits and vegetables is related to the specificities specially challenging on the distribution of the department of perishable foods and the growing search for health through the ingestion of more healthy , functional and with good nutritional aspects foods. This conjuncture has reflected on the raising of demand of these products and in the reorganization of all productive chain, reaching, specially, the initial link considered in this study: the farmers. As results it is verified that the retail networks when performing the management of their supplying chains use hibrid structures of governance with differente levels of coordination, considering the attributes of the transactions. But, also, conditioned by the characteristics imposed by the generic strategy adopted in each network as a way to answer their consumers. From the sight ocf impact on structuring the chains of supplies for the farmers it is seen that as the demand of the consumers gets higher, proportionally the need of coordinating the chain is increased, forcing the development of specific investments, increasing the mutual dependence. This takes the retail to adopt a more collaborative behavior in the chain.
Este trabalho procura verificar o que condiciona a adoção das estruturas de governança na formação e gestão das cadeias de suprimentos das redes de varejo de frutas, legumes e verduras no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, a principal questão que norteia a pesquisa é: Quais as motivações que levam às estruturas de governança adotadas nas cadeias de suprimentos de organizações varejistas para FLV? O arcabouço teórico utilizado para auxiliar na compreensão dos complexos relacionamentos estabelecidos no ambiente competitivo moderno está baseado, sobretudo, na Nova Economia Institucional, na Teoria dos Custos de Transação, na abordagem da Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos e nas Estratégias Competitivas das empresas organizadas em redes. Como nível de análise adota-se a cadeia de suprimentos das empresas varejistas, desde a perspectiva da cadeia interna até os arranjos interorganizacionais. A opção metodológica feita para esta investigação é o Estudo de Caso, sendo que foram analisadas três redes regionais de varejo e seis fornecedores, abrangendo cinco mesorregiões do Estado. A escolha do recorte no que diz respeito à seção de frutas, legumes e verduras está relacionada com as particularidades especialmente desafiadoras na distribuição do departamento de perecíveis e à crescente busca por saúde através da ingestão de alimentos mais sadios, funcionais e com bons aspectos nutricionais. Essa conjuntura tem refletido no aumento da demanda desses produtos e na reorganização de toda cadeia produtiva, atingindo, especialmente, o elo inicial considerado nesse estudo: os agricultores. Como resultados verifica-se que as redes de varejo ao realizarem a gestão das suas cadeias de suprimentos utilizam estruturas de governança híbridas com diferentes níveis de coordenação, considerando os atributos das transações. Mas, também, condicionadas pelas características impostas pela estratégia genérica adotada em cada rede como forma de atender seus consumidores. Do ponto de vista do impacto da estruturação das cadeias de suprimentos para os agricultores percebe-se que conforme aumenta a exigência dos consumidores proporcionalmente aumenta a necessidade de coordenação da cadeia, forçando o desenvolvimento de investimentos específicos, aumentando a dependência mútua. Isso leva o varejo a adotar uma postura mais colaborativa ao longo da cadeia.
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Dallacqua, Rafael. "Concentração de propriedade e a relação com desempenho financeiro e valor de mercado de empresas brasileiras". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17674.
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The Brazilian corporate governance model is characterized by a high concentration of ownership structure and control in the majority of the publicly traded companies, which makes the conflict between minorities and controlling shareholders the main agency problem in Brazilian companies. Several national and international papers have studied the theme and the impact of concentration of ownership on financial performance, market value and risk of the companies, using different econometric approaches having reached divergent results, despite the lack of consensus regarding the influence of concentration of ownership on the value and performance of companies. This paper aims to analyze the relation between concentration of ownership and financial performance and the market value of Brazilian companies, using a sample with balanced panel data composed by 83 non-financial publicly traded Brazilian companies in the period from 2009 to 2014. The results show that there is a statistically significant relationship between concentration of ownership and the market value of firms, given by Tobin's q and the firm value of the company. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between concentration of ownership and financial performance.
O modelo de governança corporativa brasileiro é caracterizado por uma elevada concentração de propriedade e controle na maioria das empresas de capital aberto, o que torna o conflito entre acionistas minoritários e controladores o principal problema de agência nas empresas brasileiras. Diversos trabalhos nacionais e internacionais estudaram o tema e o impacto que a concentração de propriedade tem sobre o desempenho financeiro, valor de mercado e risco das empresas, com diferentes abordagens econométricas e chegaram a resultados divergentes, de forma que não há ainda um consenso sobre a influência da concentração de propriedade sobre o valor e desempenho das empresas. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a relação entre concentração de propriedade e o desempenho financeiro e valor de mercado das empresas brasileiras, utilizando uma amostra com dados em painel balanceado composta por 83 empresas brasileiras não financeiras de capital aberto no período de 2009 a 2014. Os resultados mostram que existe uma relação estatisticamente significante entre concentração de propriedade e o valor de mercado das empresas, dado pelo q de Tobin e o valor da empresa. Porém, não foi encontrada relação estatisticamente significante entre concentração de propriedade e desempenho financeiro.
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Harutjunjan, Hrant. "Vliv obchodní politiky USA na jejich postavení v rámci světového obchodu". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192541.
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The main aim of the thesis is to determine factors that influence USA trade policy. Secondary objectives are to specify the influence of USA trade policy on their economy and also to determine the trends of major trade policy measures of USA from 1990 until now. Theoretical part is about theory of trade policy in general and application on USA trade policy. Practical part of the diploma thesis includes the facts of US economy, trade policy, multilateral and bilateral agreements and territorial and commodity trade structure. Practical part of the thesis covers also perspectives of future of USA and responses to the objectives set out in the introductory part. In the thesis have been used methods of observation, synthesis and analogies.
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Kylmänen, Ester, e Emma Tysk. "Online networking and real-time interaction for musicians". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446815.
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Despite the many technological advancements made in the music industry in recent years, there is still not a single widely adopted platform for musicians to play music together online. In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent quarantine pushed the need for such a platform into the spotlight. As a response, the music company Elk Audio launched their new product: Aloha. Aloha is a combined hardware and web application that allows musicians to play music in real-time over the Internet. Aloha is currently only intended for musicians who already know each other to connect and play. However, Elk's ambition is to make it the go-to platform for musicians to expand their network. The purpose of this Master's Thesis is to design the next version of the web application of Aloha, focusing on social interactions. This Master's Thesis investigates musicians' current social and musical behaviour, and their opinions of how this can be done online. Qualitative data was collected by performing semi-structured interviews with musicians of different backgrounds. The study revealed many different goals and needs of potential users of Aloha. Furthermore, we found several determining factors which enable and encourage musicians to form new musical relationships online. The final suggested design is based on the analysed data and founded in theory regarding persuasive and recommending system design, among others.Trots de tekniska framstegen som gjorts inom musikindustrin de senaste åren, finns det fortfarande inte ett enda allmänt accepterat alternativ för musiker att spela musik tillsammans online. Covid-19 pandemin och den åtföljande karantänten förde behovet för en sådan plattform till rampljuset. I början av år 2020 insåg musikföretaget Elk Audio att de kunde fylla denna lucka med sin nya produkt: Aloha. Aloha är en kombinerad hårdvara och webbapplikation som möjliggör musiker att spela musik i realtid över Internet. Aloha är för närvarande endast avsedd för musiker som redan känner varandra. Elks ambition är dock att göra Aloha till en plattform för musiker där de kan utöka sitt musikaliska nätverk. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utforma nästa version av Alohas webbapplikation, med fokus på sociala interaktioner. Detta examensarbete undersöker musikers nuvarande sociala och musikaliska beteenden och deras åsikter om musikaliska interaktioner online. Kvalitativa data samlades in genom att utföra halvstrukturerade intervjuer med musiker från olika bakgrunder. Studien avslöjade de många olika målen och behoven hos potentiella användare av Aloha. Dessutom fann vi flera avgörande faktorer som möjliggör och uppmuntrar musiker att skapa och underhålla nya musikrelationer online. Den slutliga föreslagna designen baseras på det analyserade datat och grundas i teori om design av rekommendationssystem, m. fl..
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Girard, Jules. "Microscopies de fluorescence et de diffraction super-résolues par éclairement multiple". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00701031.
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Ce travail de thèse concerne l'amélioration du pouvoir de résolution de la microscopie optique en champ lointain. Nous avons étudié et développé des techniques permettant de dépasser la limite fondamentale de résolution établie par Abbe en 1873. Toutes tirent profit de la relation liant le champ électromagnétique émis ou diffracté par un objet à l'éclairement employé pour l'observer. En enregistrant plusieurs images du même objet sous différents éclairements, puis en utilisant un algorithme d'inversion approprié, il est possible d'avoir accès à certaines fréquences spatiales de l'objet qui sont habituellement filtrées par le microscope. Ce concept est d'abord appliqué à une technique de microscopie cohérente ne nécessitant pas le marquage de l'échantillon : la microscopie tomographique de diffraction. Cette méthode permet de reconstruire numériquement des cartes quantitatives de la permittivité diélectrique de l'objet avec une résolution significativement meilleure que celle d'un microscope large-champ classique à partir de plusieurs hologrammes de l'échantillon obtenus sous diverses incidences. Nous montrons théoriquement et expérimentalement que, loin d'être un désavantage, le phénomène de diffusion multiple permet, s'il est correctement pris en compte, d'atteindre des résolutions encore plus spectaculaires. Nous étudions ensuite, avec des outils conceptuellement proches, la microscopie de fluorescence par éclairement structuré. Nous avons proposé deux approches différentes pour améliorer cette technique de microscopie. La première tire profit du développement d'un algorithme d'inversion capable de retrouver la densité de fluorescence de l'objet sans connaitre les éclairements utilisés a priori. Grâce à cet algorithme, nous pouvons remplacer le motif d'illumination habituellement périodique et contrôlé de la microscopie à éclairement structuré classique par des speckles aléatoires obtenus en bougeant un diffuseur à travers un faisceau laser. Des résultats expérimentaux très encourageants montrent l'efficacité de cette approche dont la mise en œuvre expérimentale est remarquablement simple. La seconde consiste à remplacer la lamelle de verre sur laquelle est déposé l'échantillon par une lamelle périodiquement nanostructurée. Celle-ci crée à sa surface une grille de lumière de période bien inférieure à la limite imposée par la diffraction, et qui peut être utilisée pour sonder les fréquences spatiales les plus élevées de l'échantillon. Nous détaillons la conception, la fabrication et la caractérisation expérimentale de ce substrat nanostructuré.
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Tsai, Min-Hsiu, e 蔡敏秀. "The relationships a mong industrial strucures,in vestments and perfrmances". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97447076691963325089.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
經濟學研究所
94
This study uses the firms of biological pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Japan as empirical objects. We collected 45-57 firms from 2000 to 2004 as empirical sample. We use the data form is panel data and use fixed and random effect approaches, respectively, to verify. This study was based on Mason-Bain’s “Structure-Conduct-Performance” industrial economy theory. By researching the relationship among structure, conduct and performance of biological pharmaceutical manufacturing industry firms in Japan, the empirical results could test industrial structural theory and provide the results to managers of the firms. The independent variables are total assets, number of employees, investment of plant and investment of research and development. Dependent variables earnings per share, return on equity and return on asset indicate firm’s performances. The empirical results are as follows: The results show that total assets have significantly positive effects on return on asset, and investment of research and development has significantly positive effect on earnings per share and return on equity. On the other hand, investment of plant has negative effect on earnings per share and return on equity. Keywords: biological pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, empirical, fixed and random effect, Structure-Conduct-Performance
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Anderson e 楊弘鳴. "Large Strrain Analysis for P.U. Strucures in Seat Cushions via Experimental Verification". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90611204997474120209.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
88
ABSTRACT Seat is one of the most common and important devices in the world which is directly related to the health of the human spine. The structural behaviors of the spine are correlated to the mechanical properties and geometrical shapes of the seat. Correct seat design is absolutely required. One of the considerations in seat design is the flexibility of seat cushion and the back cushion. As we know, cushions are made of P.U. materials and porous with porosity higher than 0.9. The cushions may behave elastically with high, specific nonlinearity. The mechanical properties of P.U. cushion are complicate and hard to define. In this study, material tests are performed first and numerical schemes are then considered. In the material tests, an experimental apparatus is designed to obtain the load-deflection datum on either seat or back cushions. Constitutive relationships, such as the stress-strain, Young’s modulus-strain, and the Poisson ratio-strain, are then derived. Proper fitting results are also derived. A three-dimensional finite element model based on the geometry of experimental specimen is constructed and the Newton-Raphson method and stiffness incremental method both are implemented for the verification via experiments. Numerical results show that even the material behaviors of the P.U. are porous and highly nonlinear, usually exponential function or polynomial higher than order, the finite element procedures adopted here may give significant predictions.
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Su, Hui-Chun, e 蘇惠君. "Capital Strucute, Ownership Structure and Dividend Policy". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8498pc.
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碩士崑山科技大學
企業管理研究所
97
Since Modigliani and Miller (1958) proposed the MM theory where at the assumption under a perfect market where personal and company tax are absent. The data come from financial statements of the companies and cover a 10-year period, 1998–2007. The study methods can be divided into two stages. First this paper is to investigate which of the two competing capital structure theories. These results broadly support the pecking order hypothesis over trade-off theory. The later one employs two-stage least squares (2SLS) to estimate a three-equation structural model which focused on capital structure, ownership structure and dividend policy affect the relationship between each other. This study results the significance of the relationship among the ownership structure and dividend policy. Empirical studies in capital structure and ownership structure find mixed results. But the investors and managers should consider capital structure, ownership structure and dividend policy when they take their investment decisions.