Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Special libraries Presidential libraries"

Abstract One of the goals of the summer 2006 issue of The Public Historian, which focused on the presidential library system, was ““to provoke discussion, especially on the issues that have not received sufficient attention or have been largely avoided”” (Larry J. Hackman, ““Introduction,”” p. 7). This essay responds to the lead article in that special issue, Sharon Fawcett's ““Presidential Libraries: A View From the Center.”” Craig warns against the potential for ““politicization”” that could result from greater centralized control NARA's presidential libraries. He argues that NARA has consistently failed to articulate to Congress the true funding needs of the presidential libraries for records processing; he suggests how these needs could be more effectively communicated to Congress and proposes a fiscal solution (earmarking a portion of endowment and trust funds) to address the records processing backlog. Craig also reflects on the role and function of library supporting foundations and advances the notion that NARA library directors should not be permitted to serve as the head of such foundations. Finally, he argues that before focusing on public programming and educational outreach, NARA needs to reinvigorate emphasis on the original purposes of presidential libraries-archival preservation and access.

The article analyzes changes in state cultural policy over the last three decades and the role of libraries in its implementation. The basic constitutional norms that enshrine the powers of state authorities at different levels in the sphere of culture have been identified. Libraries are seen as both an object of cultural policy and a subject that plays a significant role in its implementation. Two main stages of the state cultural policy are distinguished: 1) from 1992 (adoption of the “Fundamentals of Legislation of the Russian Federation on Culture”) to 2014; 2) from 2014 (Presidential Decree “On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy”) to the present. The relationship between legislation in the sphere of culture and legislation in the sphere of librarianship is presented. The refusal of value-oriented functions of libraries and understanding of the library as a service provider is highlighted as a characteristic feature of libraries in the time of the first stage. The limitations of this approach are demonstrated. An analysis has been made of the tasks of libraries in an environment where culture is defined as one of the national development priorities, contributing to consolidation and cultural continuity. It shows how the Strategy for Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation until 2030 relates to the tasks of cultural policy. The relevance of librariesʼ educational work in the formation of a fully developed and socially responsible personality is emphasized. It justifies the need to develop a state programme for acquiring literature for public libraries, which will help consolidate the peoples of the Russian Federation on the basis of a unified system of values and continuity of cultural development. This direction is historically characteristic for the development of public libraries in Russia. Russia’s national libraries bear special responsibility for the development and implementation of the state cultural policy.

The digital cataloguing experience of Presidential Library is discussed. The integrated e-collection comprises digital copies of library materials, archival documents and museum objects, which requires designing methods for describing entries new to library preservation. The Presidential Library’s interdepartmental working group has developed principles and approaches toward integrating presentation and access to the library, archival, and museum resources into the single catalog in accordance with existing international standards. The Presidential Library acts as a methodological center developing special methods for describing diverse information resources. Methodological publications by Presidential Library are considered the logical extension of RUSMARC Application Examples guidance series intended for Russian bibliographizing institutions. The Presidential Library’s work within the framework of the National Standardization Program, National Electronic Library and the union catalog of electronic resources is also discussed. The Library participates in IFLA UNIMARC permanent committees and IFLA Subject Analysis and Access Section. The Presidential Library is an educational center for digital content cataloguing for libraries, and holds training work-shops. It enrolls university graduates in generating the descriptive metadata. The prospective vectors in cataloguing are examined, e. g. designing model description of digital collections and Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) implementation.

The digital cataloguing experience of Presidential Library is discussed. The integrated e-collection comprises digital copies of library materials, archival documents and museum objects, which requires designing methods for describing entries new to library preservation. The Presidential Library’s interdepartmental working group has developed principles and approaches toward integrating presentation and access to the library, archival, and museum resources into the single catalog in accordance with existing international standards. The Presidential Library acts as a methodological center developing special methods for describing diverse information resources. Methodological publications by Presidential Library are considered the logical extension of RUSMARC Application Examples guidance series intended for Russian bibliographizing institutions. The Presidential Library’s work within the framework of the National Standardization Program, National Electronic Library and the union catalog of electronic resources is also discussed. The Library participates in IFLA UNIMARC permanent committees and IFLA Subject Analysis and Access Section. The Presidential Library is an educational center for digital content cataloguing for libraries, and holds training work-shops. It enrolls university graduates in generating the descriptive metadata. The prospective vectors in cataloguing are examined, e. g. designing model description of digital collections and Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) implementation.

On October 18, 2018, the National Library Russia (NLR) hosted the Round table “Implementation of citizens’ rights to library services” within the framework of the visiting Session of the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights. The discussion of library issues in the human rights context, initiated by the NLR, was held for the first time. The participants of the meeting considered the activities of libraries and their founding parties - government authorities - on ensuring the legal rights of citizens to access to culture and information. The topics of discussion included the implementation of cultural policy, library legislation, normative standards of library allocation, physical and information availability of libraries and library collections, the problem of access to online electronic resources and the organization of services for special groups of readers. The article uses the materials of the annual monitoring of the National Library of Russia, the reports (presentations) of the central libraries of the subjects of the Russian Federation, placed in the open database, formed in the framework of the research work of the NLR “Actual problems of transformation of the regional library systems in the information society” (http://clrf.nlr.ru/). The author presents the opinions of specialists from the libraries of St. Petersburg, the Leningrad and Pskov regions, as well as the members of the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights. Based on the presented views and factual data, the author concludes that libraries do not practically analyse their activities from the human rights perspective, and the state library policy does not fully contribute to the activities of public libraries to ensure the constitutional rights of citizens to use cultural institutions and to have access to cultural values and information of the Russian Federation.

Modern libraries have considerable information resources. Digital copies of publications, including bibliographic ones, are an integral part of information resources. The author studies the activity of the Russian libraries of Federal level on creation of digital copies of bibliographic editions, basing on the own library holdings. There are three national libraries — the Russian State Library, the National Library of Russia and the Presidential Library named after B. Yeltsin. The purpose of the study is to analyse the array of digitized bibliographic publications and to identify the place of digital copies of bibliographic publications in the information resources of the national libraries. The author considers the content of the electronic catalogues of these libraries by entering the same type of request. The article presents the results of study of the volume and content of electronic catalogues, obtained by the method of bibliographic keyword search. The author analysed the array of digital copies of bibliographic publications on various parameters — chronological coverage of digitized documents; language features; terms of access to electronic documents. The author notes that the priority is now given to the digitization of publications in the national language. The article presents the types of access to digital copies of bibliographic publications from the user’s point of view. The author considers the statistical data on the availability of digital copies of bibliographic publications in the collections of electronic documents and the presence of special electronic collections. The emphasis is made on the study of open access to digitized documents. The study revealed that the volume of digital copies of bibliographic publications in the national libraries is very small for the implementation of their inherent scientific and educational function; the access to bibliographic information resources is mostly limited. The author concludes that the level of availability does not meet expectations of the user; and Russian libraries should develop their activities to expand open access to bibliographic information resources.

Preservation and accessibility of cultural heritage, the most important part of which are book monuments, is the main task of libraries and other cultural institutions.An important achievement in the implementation of the state policy was the consolidation in the Russian legislation of the norms governing the work with book monuments, the formation of the Register of Book Monuments, the creation of the site “Book Monuments” within the framework of the national project “Culture”, being the part of the National Electronic Library.The article presents the first results of work on the identification, study and digitization of book monuments from the collection of rare books stored in the non-digital collection of the Presidential Library.The purpose of this article is to introduce researchers to book monuments from the collection of rare books of the Presidential Library, the peculiarities of presenting their digital copies in the library's electronic collection.A brief description of the documents identified in the collection of rare books with signs of book monuments is given. Among them, there are early printed books; books with autographs, records of scientific, historical, cultural interest; books from personal collections of prominent people, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the description of the rarest and most interesting copies. The basic principles and approaches to digitization and presentation of book monuments in the central collection of electronic documents are considered. Special attention is paid to the experience of the Presidential Library in forming the digital collection “Book Monuments of the Presidential Library”, which includes selected domestic and foreign editions published before 1830.

The 2nd International Scientific and Practical Online Conference “Information Context of Culture: Resources, Technologies, Service” was held on October 11—12, 2022. Conference organizers are the Russian State Library (RSL), the Russian State Library of Arts (RSLA) and St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture (SPSIC). The purpose of the event is to summarize scientific research and practical experience on the issues of information support in the cultural sector, demonstrate the best achievements, identify problems and ways to overcome them. The leitmotif of the forum was the topic of cooperation between libraries, archives and museums of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States. During two days of the forum, more than 80 representatives of the cultural sector from the RSL, the RSLA, the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library, the national libraries of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, public libraries of almost two dozen regions of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia, as well as from the universities of culture in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Chelyabinsk, Tashkent, as well as from the South Ural State University, worked in video communication mode. During the event, more than 900 viewings of the broadcasts of the meetings were recorded on the RSL YouTube channel. Within the framework of the conference, there were held the plenary session, two sessions of the Section “Information potential of libraries for the development of the cultural sector” and two special events: The 12th Conference/Meeting of the heads and specialists of information services on culture and art “Libraries — in the Year of Cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia” and the Round table “Development of library and information space on the basis of border libraries of the CIS member states: conceptual approaches and advanced directions”. In order to improve the work on information support for representatives of the cultural and art sector, the conference participants recommended to promote digital transformation aimed at the formation of common access resources on culture and art and improvement of information services; as well as to strengthen cooperation on the formation and mutual use of information resources created by the libraries of the CIS member states.

Background/Context During the 2016 presidential election campaign, Hillary Clinton was “booed” while speaking at the National Education Association (NEA)'s annual representative assembly. The media suggested this evidenced a weakening of a powerful alliance. Since the NEA first endorsed Jimmy Carter in 1976, the claim that the Democratic party is “a wholly owned subsidiary of the NEA” has persisted. This characterization of the NEA and Democratic Party relationship has become so ubiquitous in political discourse that it is rarely questioned. As a result, the NEA is often portrayed as a powerful political player in national elections, while little evidence supports this conclusion. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This study uses archival evidence to identify the NEA's political influence during presidential election campaigns to provide scholars a more nuanced history as they seek to understand current political happenings. Research Design The historical analysis used internal campaign and NEA documents located in 13 archives housed in six presidential libraries, four university libraries, two state historical societies, and one public policy institute as well as the NEA Collection at The George Washington University. Findings/Results Two factors explain NEA's limited influence on presidential politics despite its significant donations to the Democratic Party. First, Republican candidates used the NEA to attack Democrats as beholden to radical special interest groups. Democrats evidenced the success of this Republican strategy by taking positions the NEA opposed in an attempt to convince voters of their independence. Second, many NEA members did not support the NEA's involvement in party politics because they believed political activism was inconsistent with teacher professionalism or they were conservatives unwilling to support a Democratic candidate. Conclusions/Recommendations As they look to future presidential campaigns, scholars should remember: 1) Republican candidates’ attacks on the NEA have been part of a strategy to convince voters that Democratic candidates were beholden to special interests. Policy differences between Republican candidates and the NEA served as later justification for this strategy rather that its cause. 2) Democratic candidates supporting policies the NEA opposes is not an act of political courage. They have long found the power of the NEA rests not in its endorsement but in the opportunity for voters to see them stand up to this special interest group. Given the NEA's commitment to endorsing a candidate and the Republican strategy, Democrats have been able to challenge the NEA without fearing that it will cost them an endorsement or campaign contributions.