Teses / dissertações: "Sociology, urban – case studies"

1

Yocom, Kenneth. "Building watershed narratives : two case studies of urban streams in Seattle, Washington /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8189.

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Rodrigues, António Filipe Monteiro dos Santos Vieira. "Urbanismo e Pobreza - Caso prático da Ameixoeira". Master's thesis, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/96.

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Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do Grau de Mestrado em Urbanismo, conferido pela Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias
Neste trabalho, após um relembrar de conceitos e da descrição das dimensões da pobreza e suas várias concepções, procurou-se retratar a zona da amostra, fazendo-se ainda um levantamento da qualidade urbanística e dos equipamentos mais significativos e aferindo-se do êxito, ou não, das políticas de habitação introduzidas, para se concluir pela proposta de soluções adequadas à situação.
In this work after remembering the concepts and the description of the dimensions of the poverty and it’s several conceptions, were looked to portray the zone of the sample, also making a survey of the urbanistic quality and the most significant equipment and analysing the success, or not, of the introduced politics of habitation, to conclude for the proposal of adequate solutions to the situation.

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3

Reno, Dorothy. "Sage and the city: A case study of identity at an urban Aboriginal organization". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28417.

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In the past few decades, Aboriginals in Canada have undergone a steep urban transition. The challenges associated with the city, such as racism, poverty, feelings of dislocation, coping and thriving within the broader Canadian society, and negotiating identity, are all issues which led to the creation of urban cultural centres and organizations. Within the context of these organizations, the communities that are formed are multicultural in the sense of bringing together all Aboriginal peoples from a variety of First Nations, Metis and Inuit backgrounds. On one hand, Aboriginal cultural centres are faced with the challenge of respectfully acknowledging the diverse cultures of Aboriginal peoples, while on the other, identifying, and celebrating the common cultural values shared by all Aboriginals. Cultural centres have also stepped up to offer support for Aboriginal people(s) in the ongoing negotiation with modernity and the healing through the process of cultural reclamation. This study, which is exploratory in nature, examines identity at an urban Aboriginal cultural centre, from both individual, and community perspectives. In true postmodern fashion, this work melts away disciplinary boundaries by taking on theoretical approaches from sociology, anthropology, and political philosophy.

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4

Du, Toit Justin. "The role of memory in urban land restitution : case studies of five families in Stellenbosch". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6786.

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Thesis (MA (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Limited academic work has paid attention to the memories generated by claimants engaged in the restitution process. My thesis thus sought to investigate the role of memory in urban land restitution, with specific focus on the Stellenbosch context. In my discussion, I highlight how claimant memories are not only generated by the restitution process but how the master narrative of restitution shapes the memories produced. I argue that claimant memories function and gain wider meaning within the collective memory, through which the master narrative of restitution shapes how they remember – and in so doing, how claimants reconstruct the place from which they were removed. My thesis elucidates how, through the individual narratives of removal and dispossession (and thus, the making of place), claimants position themselves as part of a particular and new form of “imagined community” of land claimants. The context of my research is focussed on the area previously known as Die Vlakte which was located in urban Stellenbosch. Dispossessed and displaced to the outskirts of Stellenbosch town in the early 1960s, the advent of democracy provided the former residents of Die Vlakte the opportunity to claim the land lost. The qualitative methodology of five selected case studies, sought to explore the following objectives of my study: Firstly, to examine how claimants remember and reconstruct the places from which they were removed (that is, the making of place); and secondly, to investigate whether these memories or individual narratives of place are shaped by the master narrative of restitution. By means of engaging prominent theorists and scholars on memory and the master narrative of restitution, my study analyses the various aspects of memory construction and reconstruction within the collective framework. The research points to the interdependent relationship between individual memory and that of collective memory. It is argued that individual memory can only function as part and in reference to the collective memory. Within the restitution process, research shows that the master narrative of restitution not only shapes but controls and organises memory on a collective and hence, individual level. My thesis argues that the individual memories of dispossession and removals of the claimants are similar to national narratives and hence, my thesis illustrates, that the five claimant memories of the place from which they were removed in Die Vlakte is shaped by the master narrative of restitution. Through relaying these narratives of removals and dispossession they thus draw on the master narrative of restitution (from which they derive legitimacy), in order to legitimise their own claim to land and in so doing, placing themselves within the “new” form of imagined communities of land claimants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Beperkte akademiese werk het aandag geskenk aan die herinnering wat deur eisers, wie betrokke was in die restitusieproses, gegenereer is. My tesis poog dus om die rol van herinnering in stedelike grondrestitusie, met spesifieke fokus op die Stellenbosch konteks. In my bespreking beklemtoon ek hoe eiserherinnering nie net gegeneer word deur die restitusieproses nie, maar hoe die meesternarratief van restitusie die herinnering wat geproduseer is, vorm. Ek voer aan dat eiserherinnering funksioneer en wyer betekenis verkry binne die kollektiewe herinnering, waardeur die meesternarratief van restitusie vorm hoe hulle onthou – en deur dit te doen, hoe eisers die plek waaruit hulle verplaas is waarvandaan hulle verwyder is, heropbou. My tesis verduidelik hoe, deur die individuele narratiewe van verwydering en onteiening (en dus, die skep van plek), eisers hul posisie inneem as deel van 'n besondere en nuwe vorm van "denkbeeldige gemeenskap‟ van grondeisers. Die konteks van my navorsing is gefokus op die area wat voorheen bekend was as Die Vlakte wat voorheen geleë was in die dorp Stellenbosch. Onteien en verdring tot die buitewyke van Stellenboschdorp in die vroeë 1960s, die koms van demokrasie voorsien aan die voormalige inwoners van Die Vlakte die geleentheid om die verlore grond te eis. Die kwalitatiewe metodologie van vyf gekose gevallestudies poog om die volgende doelwitte van my studie noukeurig te bestudeer: Eerstens, om te ondersoek hoe eisers die plekke waarvan hulle verwyder is onthou en heropbou; en tweedens om te ondersoek of hierdie herinneringe of individuele narratiewe van plek deur die meersternarratief van restitusie gevorm word. Deur gesprekvoering met prominente teoretici en kundiges op die gebied van herinnering en die meesternarratief van restitusie, analiseer my studie die verskeie aspekte van herinnering-opbou en heropbouing binne die kollektiewe raamwerk. Die navorsing wys na die interafhanklike verhouding tussen individuele herinnering en die van kollektiewe herinnering. Daar is aangevoer dat individuele herinnering slegs kan funksioneer as deel van en in verhouding tot die kollektiewe herinnering. Binne die restitusieproses wys navorsing dat die meesternarratief van restitusie nie net herinnering vorm nie, maar dit ook beheer en organiseer op 'n kollektiewe en dus individuele vlak. My tesis voer aan dat die individuele herinnering van onteiening en vverwydering van die eisers soorgelyk is aan nasionale narratiewe en dus illustreer my tesis dat die herinnering van die vyf eisers oor die plek waarvan hulle verwyder is in Die Vlakte, gevorm is deur die meesternarratief van restitusie. Deur hierdie narratiewe van verwydering en onteiening te vertel, ontleen die eisers aan die meesternarratief van restitusie (waaruit hul wettiging voortkom), om sodoende hul eie eis om grond wettig te verklaar, en deur dit te doen, hulself te plaas in die “nuwe” vorm van verbeelde gemeenskappe van grondeisers.

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Matsler, Annie Marissa. "Knowing Nature in the City: Comparative Analysis of Knowledge Systems Challenges Along the 'Eco-Techno' Spectrum of Green Infrastructure in Portland & Baltimore". PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3767.

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Green infrastructure development is desired in many municipalities because of its potential to address pressing environmental and social issues. However, despite technical optimism, institutional challenges create significant barriers to effective green infrastructure design, implementation, and maintenance. Institutional challenges stem from the disparate scales and facility types that make up the concept of green infrastructure, which span from large-scale natural areas to small engineered bioswales. Across these disparate facilities 1) different performance metrics are used, 2) different institutions have jurisdiction, and, 3) facility types are differentially classified as assets, producing epistemological and ontological variegation across the spectrum of green infrastructure that must be negotiated within and across municipal institutions. This has led to knowledge challenges that constrain and shape facility design, implementation, maintenance, and--ultimately--performance on-the-ground. Here, the eco-techno spectrum is developed to highlight the different degree to which biological entities (e.g. plants, microbes) are incorporated as infrastructural components in facilities; this inclusion presents a major knowledge challenge to green infrastructure, namely it brings biological and ecological knowledge into traditionally engineering-dominated decision-making spaces where it does not easily fit procedures for defining, measuring, or valuing existing facility component types. Therefore, municipal institutions have created and vetted new practices, protocols, and institutional structures to appropriately implement and manage green infrastructure. The institutionalization of green infrastructure is examined in this dissertation using knowledge systems analysis in two comparative case studies conducted in Portland and Baltimore. Discourse analysis provides 'thick' description of knowledge systems dynamics within and between different municipal departments in each city; a follow-up Q-method survey is used to further examine these qualitative results and explore the subjectivities that underlie the various ways of 'knowing' green infrastructure in the city.

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6

Ross, Lauren Marie. "The Institutionalization of Homeownership in Emerging Economies: A Case Study of Peru". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/402180.

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Sociology
Ph.D.
This dissertation explores the ways in which housing markets based on mortgage-backed homeownership develop in an emerging economy. This is a case study of the institutions, actors, and financial practices at play. It contributes to the debates in the areas of the financialization of housing, the production of urban space, and economic globalization. I focus on developments in Peru from 1990-2014. During this period Peru’s national government implemented the country’s first major housing policy, which focused solely on the provision of homeownership and more specifically, making it easier for households to borrow money for the purchase of a new home. Through these actions, the government laid the foundation for a housing market that would be based on access to credit. This was a fundamental shift in Peru. This dissertation examined these developments and asked a number of questions. How were homeownership and the production of mortgages supported through Peru’s national policy? How had global actors and institutions facilitated homeownership and its financing? And lastly, were homeownership strategies being used as a tool for urban development? For this research, I applied an institutional approach to highlight the deliberate ways in which homeownership was supported in Peru. I focused on international, national, and local officials as well as developers and lenders who influenced the availability or scarcity of mortgage finance and the construction of new homes. I focused on the political and economic arrangements that transform the built environment into pieces that can be bought and sold. I collected data for this research from 1.) archival records and documents from Peruvian institutions and international financial institutions (IFIs) and 2.) interviews with representatives from these organizations, often identified in the records (n=36). Data from archival research and interviews were used to explore the interplay between interests, power, and ideas between national and international institutions. This allowed me to bring the temporal chain of events into focus and develop the causal connections between actions and support from IFIs. I also examined the extent to which the government’s agenda and priorities coincided and diverged from the priorities set forth by the IFIs. Findings illustrate a compelling story about an important aspect of modern day urbanization in a globalizing world where efforts are underway to expand transnational networks of finance and investment. Homeownership is not a natural phenomenon as we may be led to believe; instead, it reflects interests aimed at expanding the financial sector, investment in the built environment and, ultimately, the global economy. Overall, by examining the institutional and spatial nexus buttressing homeownership in Peru, this study demonstrates how land and housing across the globe are being incorporated into a market system and subsequently, how these practices intensify the accumulation of capital in cities. In Chapter 3, I trace the institutionalization of homeownership in Peru and the key motivations behind such actions. Since the 1990’s, the government has introduced policies and programs that promote homeownership as the primary response to the country’s lack of affordable and adequate housing. Similar to the US, the government has taken a leading role in arranging the housing and finance sectors for the creation of a mortgage-based housing market. Peru’s homeownership policy has embraced many neoliberal principles and is aimed at the restructuring of the housing market. The national government created the conditions so that the private real estate market could be arranged for the extraction of value. The premise being that once ‘enabled’, the private sector could meet the housing needs of low-income and other vulnerable populations. The government’s general approach was to reduce market informality (i.e., through titling and registration) and build confidence among residents and the private sector in a seemingly predictable institution of ownership and housing finance (i.e. through financial incentives and public promotion). Findings show that efforts to integrate these markets resulted in housing assistance for the creditworthy and created the assumption that one needed a loan to live in a house. Housing became increasingly treated as a product to be bought and sold on the market instead of a social good. And homeownership as the lynchpin tying the housing and financial sectors together. Chapter 4 highlights the role of IFIs in developing homeownership in Peru. Findings show that the government worked closely with IFIs to set up a strong mortgage market that would support widespread homeownership and the development of a secondary mortgage market. The national government and IFIs shared varying levels of consensus around engaging the private sector in housing provision, financial sophistication and standardization in mortgage lending, and deepening the financial sector. The case of Peru is useful for understanding the role of the national government in developing institutionalized mechanisms for housing finance and how this role has been facilitated by IFIs. These findings serve as an empirical example of global capitalism at work. Chapter 5 demonstrates how mortgage-backed homeownership in Peru was also linked to place-making and urban development. Housing constructed and purchased with FMV subsidies was developed in urbanizing areas and concentrated in certain neighborhoods. This was not by accident and instead, the concentration of FMV properties throughout Peru revealed the speculative nature of such decision-making. Homeownership was part of a larger strategy to root investment in certain places and create more value within the built environment upon which loans could be made. Mortgage-backed homeownership requires certain amenities and structuring that create and protect the value of housing and the surrounding neighborhood. In this way, housing policies have the power to generate a particular type of urban development to segregate groups and to concentrate investment in certain places. Finally, it is important to recognize that these findings are not unique to Peru. Practices to support mortgage-backed homeownership are taking hold across the world and are being led by national and international actors. I refer to the spread of these practices as the globalization of homeownership. The concept captures the economic, political, and ideological aspects of mortgage-backed homeownership. First, this research revealed the spread of a homeownership ideology. Despite the recent housing crisis that led to financial repercussions across the world, policymakers in Peru continue to have faith in mortgage-backed homeownership. Findings demonstrate how norms and taken-for-granted beliefs surrounding debt-encumbered homeownership become are transferred and institutionalized. Second, efforts to support homeownership in Peru and many other emerging economies are not insular. Guidance and upfront financing to establish critical institutions to support homeownership, such as mortgage guarantees and entities developed to support the primary and secondary mortgage markets, have come from a network of transnational actors. These recommendations and projects are in line with other efforts to promote economic liberalization and open markets. Lastly, I refer to the spread of national governments devoting resources to expand access to housing finance as the globalization of homeownership. Homeownership has become an international practice to intensify land values, create a market system within housing, and promote economic globalization through mortgage-backed homeownership. As homes become regarded as commodities, actual homes, mortgages, and other practices and institutions associated with homeownership are becoming more similar across countries. The infrastructure surrounding homeownership in Nigeria, now resembles that of Peru. These practices impose market principles in the organization of housing sectors, bolster investor confidence, and promote the flow of capital in and out of housing markets. The globalization of homeownership will remain an important area of study because of the impact it has on international, national, and local economies and the stratification it imposes on households and places. Capital will flow to certain places and creditworthy households will benefit. These efforts are in line with other neoliberal reforms and reflect a reliance on the market to meet the needs of those able to participate. This is to suggest that access to mortgage credit will increasingly structure housing and spatial opportunities across the globe and likely lead to greater inequality.
Temple University--Theses

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Zhang, Cong. "Patrilineal Ideology and Grandmother Care in Urban China". Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27112687.

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My dissertation explores an important but understudied dimension of interaction in China’s declining patrilineal kinship system – the childcare support provided by grandparents. Traditionally, paternal grandparents exclusively provided childcare support. Now, this practice appears to be undergoing a transformation towards a more bilateral approach where both maternal and paternal grandparents are involved in childcare. To better understand the changing norms, I investigated the choices of and experiences with grandmother care for 362 urban families with infants in China. In the first study, I examined parents’ motivations for utilizing maternal versus paternal grandmother care by analyzing semi-structured interview data from a subsample of 77 families. Parents discussed four major considerations affecting their selection process, including grandmothers’ availability and qualifications, avoidance of patrilineal conflicts, and construction of multi-caregiver coalitions. Further examination suggested that stronger influence of interpersonal relationships on intergenerational interactions, women’s increased power in connecting with natal families, and a shift from lineage-determined to skill- and child-based care choice may have led to new norms in child care patterns. These findings suggest that the increase in maternal grandmother care reflects the weakening of patrilineality in Chinese society resulting from China’s rapid modernization. In the second study, I explored the associations between the type of grandmother care and parents’ adaptation to parenthood, using a mixed-method approach. Quantitative analysis of the survey data showed that overall grandmother support was found to reduce parenting stress for mothers, but not fathers. In addition, no type of grandmother support, for either mothers or fathers, increased parenting stress. Finally, mothers appeared to be more sensitive to the support offered by their own mother than their in-law. Qualitative analysis of the interview data revealed that the different relationships mothers had with maternal versus paternal grandmothers might have shaped the differences in mothers’ perceived quantity/quality of and satisfaction with the support received. The interviews also suggested that gendered parenting roles that prescribed mother’s primary role as caregiver and father’s primary role as breadwinner may partly explain why grandmother support was more salient for mothers than fathers as a coping resource.

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8

VandenBerg, Robert Joseph. "The Effect of Urban Status on Xenophobic Sentiment: A Case Study". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405792524.

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9

Derossett, David L. "Crisis, conflict, and consumption| Case studies of the politics and culture of neoliberalization in urban responses to global economic transformations". University of Missouri - Columbia, 2013.

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10

Mongwe, Robert. "Rural migrants and their social networks in an urban setting : the case of Joe Slovo Park, Cape Town". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49785.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the nature and purpose of migrant social in Marconi Beam Informal Settlement, and Joe Slovo Park. The study found that migrant social networks served both economic and cultural functions. Through their social networks migrants seek to maximise their remittances to their areas as well as to convey information about the availability of jobs and housing conditions in the city. Newly arrived migrants depend on their kin and village mates for food, shelter, and sense of belonging in an environment that can otherwise be hostile. Similarly in times of crisis such as redundancy, property losses migrants can call on the support within their immediate area of residence or from other members based in their rural areas of origin. Furthermore, migrants visit their rural areas of origin to partake in marriages, initiation ceremonies, and funeral service. And many of the migrants who die in the city are transported to the rural areas for burial. Migrant social networks demonstrate the complex interconnectedness of the urban and rural spheres of life in both the economic and cultural aspects of life.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het die aard en doel van sosiale netwerke onder migrante werkers in die Marconi Beam informele nedersetting en Joe Slovo Park ondersoek. Daar is gevind dat hierdie netwerke ekonomiese en kulturele funksies vervul. Op ekonomiese vlak fasiliteer die netwerke die twee-rigting vloei van goedere en dienste tussen stedelike huishoudings en die landelike tuiste. D.m.v. netwerke onder migrante werkers word inligting oor die beskikbaarheid van werk, behuising en dies meer versprei. Gebasseer op die ideologiese aanname dat die landelike tuiste meer belangrik is as die stedelike huishouding, word materiële goedere en geld, wat in die stad verdien word, na die landelike tuiste oorgeplaas. Daarmee saam word stedelike uitgawes tot In minimum beperk. In die geval van gebeurlikhede kenmerkend van die stedelike situasie, soos verlies van werk of eiendom, wend migrante werkers hulle na die landelike tuiste vir hulp en ondersteuning. Op In kulturele vlak besoek migrante die landelike areas om deel te neem aan begrafnisse, troues en inisiasie seremonies. Baie van diegene wat tot sterwe kom in die stad, word na die landelike areas oorgeplaas vir hul begrafnis. Hierdie besoeke dien as bewys van die migrant se lojaliteit teenoor die landelike tuiste en gemeenskap. In die geheel gesien bevestig die sosiale netwerke onder migrante werkers die inter-afhanklikheid van die stedelike en landelike lewenssfere.

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Lunsford, Terry Logan. "Factors Influencing Community Response to Locally Undesirable Land Uses: A Case Study of Bluegrass Stockyards". UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/217.

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Community development is an ongoing issue that faces communities as they develop. This is a case study where two communities where faced with an identical development proposal involving Bluegrass Stockyards. Bluegrass Stockyards a prominent livestock marketing business, located in Lexington, KY needed to relocate its facility and looked at communities in Lincoln and Woodford County Kentucky as possible new locations. By looking at the case of Bluegrass Stockyards this study is able to use Conflict Theory, Growth Theory and Frame Analysis to look at the development process and issues that was associated with this development proposal. With the two communities being faced with the same proposal, and the proposals having different outcomes, the study is able to gain a better understanding of how development occurs within these two rural communities. This study provides information to both developers and community development professionals on what issues will need to be addressed with a livestock marketing center relocation and how the different issues should be addressed in order to make the process more efficient and beneficial to the involved communities.

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Rochester, Nathan Eric. "On Both Sides of the Tracks: Light Rail and Gentrification in Portland, Oregon". PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2915.

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This study draws on census data and geographic information systems (GIS) to investigate the relationship between light rail transit (LRT) infrastructure development and gentrification in Portland, Oregon. While recent research using comprehensive measures of neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) supports a potentially causal link between transit development and gentrification, research into the effects of transit on property values alone tends to dominate the discourse. This study therefore seeks to build on previous research to develop an index measure of neighborhood SES and SES change based on measures of education, occupation, and income, using census data from 1980-2010. This multifaceted measure of neighborhood SES is analyzed in relation to LRT access using correlation, OLS regression, and GIS hot spot and choropleth mapping. Findings: Throughout the study period, low SES neighborhoods largely disappeared from the City of Portland, while low-income households were gradually priced out. Simultaneously, the easternmost suburb of Gresham became more highly concentrated in low SES neighborhoods. No definitive relationship between LRT and SES is found along the Eastside Blue or Westside Blue Lines, but strong evidence is found supporting a positive effect of Yellow Line MAX development on the rapid gentrification of North Portland from 2000-2010. Regressions run on neighborhoods along the Yellow Line indicate that SES change was greatest for those that began the decade with large Black populations, low rents, and close proximity to stations. Findings are discussed through the theoretical framework of the urban growth machine, which suggests the differential relationship between LRT and neighborhood SES relates to the distinct values of different parts of the region for the pursuit of general growth goals.

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李佳足 e Kai-chuk Bonnie Lee. "Social capital and sustainable community development: a case study of North Point". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894987.

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Sundin, Mats. "Bra läge men dåligt rykte : En jämförande historisk studie av tre stadsdelar i Borås, Eskilstuna och Gävle". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Institute for Housing and Urban Research, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8359.

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Centrally located problem areas of today, with suburban-like modernist architecture, are an anomaly in Sweden. The purpose of the present study is to investigate this Swedish anomaly by comparing three such city sections – Norrby in Borås, Nyfors in Eskilstuna and Öster in Gävle – and to try to answer the question: what type of case is this? To answer this question, a theoretical perspective distinguishing habitation, population and images is developed using concepts from Bourdieu, Elias and Scotson, Goffman, Lefebvre and Østerberg. Methodologically, this is a detailed comparative case study of the history of these three city sections in three or four phases, from before to after their thorough urban renewal in the 1960s. Once, these habitations developed in concert with their city into a working-class area, just beside the city centre, but beyond the railway station. After WWII, they became subjects of renewal, thus afflicted by a slum process that preceded demolition. The new habitation was planned for housing a working-class population. Suburban-like in shape, it was nevertheless part of an inner-city renewal. The new habitation became a target for critique already during the renewal process, a critique that was cast in the same terms as the critique of the suburbs of the time: Images of poor and troublesome outdoor milieus, social problems of different kinds, empty apartments, high turn over, immigrants and refugees were produced, in the media but also by the inhabitants and their organizations, giving the city section a bad reputation. This was to last until the present. Yet with new investment in attractive housing in adjacent brown field areas, these areas have once again become the subject of renewal. Consequently, these areas can be identified as a case of a good location with a bad reputation, emerging from the inner-city renewal of a former working-class habitation.

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Kohon, Jacklyn Nicole. "Building Social Sustainability from the Ground Up: The Contested Social Dimension of Sustainability in Neighborhood-Scale Urban Regeneration in Portland, Copenhagen, and Nagoya". PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2330.

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In response to growing social inequality, environmental crises, and economic instability, sustainability discourse has become the dominant "master signifier" for many fields, particularly the field of urban planning. However, in practice many sustainability methods overemphasize technological and economic growth-oriented solutions while underemphasizing the social dimension. The social dimension of sustainability remains a "concept in chaos" drawing little agreement on definitions, domains, and indicators for addressing the social challenges of urban life. In contrast, while the field of public health, with its emphasis on social justice principles, has made significant strides in framing and developing interventions to target the social determinants of health (SDH), this work has yet to be integrated into sustainability practice as a tool for framing the social dimension. Meanwhile, as municipalities move forward with these lopsided efforts at approaching sustainability practice, cities continue to experience gentrification, increasing homelessness, health disparities, and many other concerns related to social inequity, environmental injustice, and marginalization. This research involves multi-site, comparative case studies of neighborhood-scale sustainability planning projects in Portland, U.S.; Copenhagen, Denmark; and Nagoya, Japan to bring to light an understanding of how the social dimension is conceptualized and translated to practice in different contexts, as well as the challenges planners, citizen participants, and other stakeholders encounter in attempting to do so. These case studies find that these neighborhood-scale planning efforts are essentially framing the social dimension in terms of principles of SDH. Significant challenges encountered at the neighborhood-scale relate to political economic context and trade-offs between ideals of social sustainability, such as social inclusion and nurturing a sense of belonging when confronted with diverse neighborhood actors, such as sexually oriented businesses and recent immigrants. This research contributes to urban social sustainability literature and sustainability planning practice by interrogating these contested notions and beginning to create a pathway for integration of SDH principles into conceptualizations of social sustainability.

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Paredes, Orozco Guillermo Alberto. "The Role of Community Context Factors in Explaining International Migrant Flows and their Composition: Three Studies Based on the Mexico-U.S. Case". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593624280497468.

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17

Choi, Narae. "Impacts of development-induced displacement on urban locality and settlers : a case-study of the railway upgrading project in Metro Manila". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cc010100-f0cc-42ae-b48d-a1577d5d8c33.

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Population displacement has long been a controversial companion of development. The central tension has been between the position challenging the kind of development that removes people from their homes, livelihoods and communities, and a managerial position that the impoverishment risks of displacement can be mitigated through an effective intervention. Whereas recent research has been devoted to unpacking a rather unsuccessful performance of involuntary resettlement as a mitigation measure, this study aims to question the assumption of mitigation itself by expanding the concept of development impacts beyond the realm of displacement. Through an empirical study of a railway project in Metro Manila, the Philippines, I examine how urban residents are affected by a large-scale demolition and displacement that took place in their locality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted along the railway tracks after the land was cleared of informal settlements since the study placed particular focus on residents who were not physically displaced. They are identified in my research as non-displaced people. Few studies have addressed the possibility that other people might have been adversely affected in situ and this is particularly so in urban areas. Empirical findings reveal that the physical environment and socio-economic relationships in the locality were significantly transformed through the clearance; impacting the tenure status, livelihoods and social milieu of non-displaced people. Tenure security was important for avoiding displacement but was not a definitive factor as a number of people are still informal settlers who continue to be faced with other eviction threats. For the non-displaced, the physical change of the locality became relevant when their productive capital, notably, a second house or business space, was affected. The loss or erosion of physical capital had a secondary impact on livelihoods, which was compounded by the rupture in the local livelihood network following a mass population outflow. Whereas the income of locally-based businesses decreased substantially, livelihoods that operate beyond the locality remain relatively resilient. Differentiated experiences of a local change are also reflected in a range of evaluations that describe local social ambiance before and after the event. Diverse ways in which non-displaced people were affected underline that the current conceptualisation of impacts is limited to one dimension of displacement. This raises the need to adopt a more holistic and disaggregated approach to understanding the complexities of development impacts. A discussion on whether and how they can be mitigated would benefit further from such a comprehensive study.

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Jaffery, Zafreen. "Making Education Accessible: A Dual Case Study of Instructional Practices, Management, and Equity in a Rural and an Urban NGO School in Pakistan". PDXScholar, 2012. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/409.

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Two- thirds of Pakistan's primary aged children are enrolled in school and less than one-third complete fifth grade. Decades after the inception of the goal of primary education for all of its children, the state is unable to fulfill its promise of providing access to universal primary education. The failure of the government to provide for a system that ensures equitable opportunities for all of its children has resulted in individuals, for-profit organizations, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) intervening to fill the void. In particular, international donor agencies (IDAs) have come forward to provide financial aid and personnel support for primary education. There is currently a dearth of research on the work of NGO schools in Pakistan, which leaves many unanswered questions about the role of NGO schools. Therefore, in this study, I examine the efficacy of not-for-profit, private schools managed by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in providing quality education to primary school children in Pakistan. This study examined schools formed and supported by two NGOs in Pakistan and their impact on providing primary education. A dual case study approach involving a concentrated enquiry into two cases (a rural and an urban school) was used. The study focused on the following research question: How does an NGO school provide education to primary aged school children? Results corroborate previous key-findings that the NGO is the parent body which oversees management, provides training, mobilizes the community and generates the primary funds to run the schools. The study goes further to suggest that NGO leaders provide leverage and establish connections that are important for fund raising and creating opportunities for the schools to expand and work cost-efficiently. The rural NGO had created its own methodology for literacy instruction, which produced adult literate women who were then hired as primary teachers. In addition, it showed that the two schools use: (1) an eclectic approach to teaching which ranged from using public school's curriculum to local, contextually based materials to foreign British-based curriculum; (2) the shift in instructional strategies suggested movement from a behaviorist approach toward integrating constructivist methods of teaching; and (3) the flexibility in curriculum choices poses challenges as well as opportunities for growth for the teachers. These results help to frame future research by linking NGO school's instructional practices to those used in private and public school systems in Pakistan.

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Colbert, Candace. "Character, Leadership, and Community: A Case Study of a New Orleans Youth Program". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2597.

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Youth outreach programs use innovative and community-based activities to fill in gaps of education, provide creative outlets, create access to opportunities, and empower youth.1 This research investigates, records, and compares the ways in which staff and youth participants perceive the experience at a New Orleans youth program. The purpose of the research is to provide insight towards potential program improvement. The participants of this study are from Compassion Outreach of America’s summer program Project Reach NOLA in the Upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Louisiana. There are twenty-nine participants, between the ages of fourteen and fifty years old. The participants are directors, staff members, and youth enrolled in the program. The mixed-methods utilized are: focus groups, interviews, surveys, and observation. The study emphasizes the inclusion of participant voices and their positioned expertise.2

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Auger, Daniel Marc. "The Kazaks of Istanbul: A Case of Social Cohesion, Economic Breakdown and the Search for a Moral Economy". PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2751.

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This research is focused on understanding the ways in which the community orientation of the Kazak ethnic community in Istanbul, Turkey have contributed to their economic success which in turn encourages strong community, and the nature of their community-based support networks for providing material and cultural support. It examines the role of social capital and cohesion in maintaining the community with its positive implications for the continued building of wealth or sourcing of funding on a community level. The theoretical concepts relevant to this project are based on the ideas that the shared values of a community are a positive force that allow communities to achieve common goals and is particularly important in the context of an economy that favors cheap labor and a highly mobile workforce, both factors that negatively affect the asset building and place-based rootedness that communities require for their stability. Key community entrepreneurs and leaders were the main sources of information for this research. The findings of this thesis suggest that it is a combination of factors such as the failure of the community to maintain its stable economic position through unfortunate business practices and choices coupled with external market forces that slowed this community economic development and disabled its continued growth.

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Read, Marion. "The 'construction' of landscape : a case study of the Otago Peninsula, Aotearoa / New Zealand". Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1604.

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This project has sought to answer the question 'How is landscape made?’ by examining the landscape of the Otago Peninsula on the east coast of the South Island of Aotearoa/New Zealand. By taking a social constructionist approach, an in depth case study has been completed using ethnographic methods combined with discourse analysis. The theoretical framework adopted led to the research question being refined and divided into two parts. The first seeks to determine the discourses that construct the landscape of the Otago Peninsula. Those identified include discourses of Mana Whenua, agriculture, environmentalism, gardening, heritage, neo-liberalism and the picturesque. These discourses interact and resist one another through networks of power. Thus the second part of the research question seeks to understand these networks and the distributions of power through them. The agricultural discourse is the most powerful, albeit under strong challenge from the environmental discourse and from the impacts of neo-liberalism. Mana Whenua discourses have gained significant power in recent decades, but their influence is tenuous. The picturesque discourse has significant power and has been utilised as a key tool in District planning in the area. Thus, the landscape is seen to be made by the dynamic interactions of discourses. This has two consequences, the first, an emphasising of the dynamism of the landscape - it is a process which is under constant flux as a consequence of both the human interactions with and within it, and the biophysical processes which continue outside of human ken. The second consequence is to stress that the landscape is not a unitary object and that this needs to be recognised in the formulation of policy and landscape management.

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Jerolleman, Alessandra. "The Privatization of Hazard Mitigation: A Case Study of the Creation and Implementation of a Federal Program". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1692.

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This dissertation explores the role of the private and public sectors in hazard mitigation, an important part of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA’s) performance requirements from the Stafford Act. Hazard mitigation is the effort to reduce societal impacts from natural disasters by reducing their risk to people, property and infrastructure; before hazards occur. The goal of the work is to contribute to the literature examining the national trend towards privatization and reliance on the free market economy for the provision of government social services, through such public management movements as the “New Public Management” (NPM) of the 1980s and the general efficiency movement that encompasses a greater market orientation in public government and an increase in the use of private sector contractors as an alternative to public provision (Boston 1996). The primary question which this dissertation seeks to answer is: How has the provision of hazard mitigation services by the private sector come to be the norm and what have been the consequences. Due to the broad nature of the question and the lack of previous research, this dissertation will utilize a mixed methods approach with the goal of gaining a broad understanding of the privatization of the hazard mitigation sector in its various manifestations. The approach consists of one case study, broken down into two time periods: hazard mitigation prior to the passage of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, and hazard mitigation following the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. The case study is based primarily upon a series of interviews and includes several imbedded cases. They will be contextualized within an overall description of hazard mitigation focusing on the history and the context of the relevant federal legislation.

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Lasley, Carrie E. "Catastrophes and the Role of Social Networks in Recovery: A Case Study of St. Bernard Parish, LA, Residents After Hurricane Katrina". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1504.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the experiences of St. Bernard Parish, La., residents as they coped with the impact of the catastrophe of Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005. An estimated 50,000 St. Bernard Parish residents relocated to a new home one year after Katina in 2006, and many of those residents moved again. This study examines the effects of the decisions of St. Bernard residents to relocate or to return on their social connections. The utility, adaptability and durability of social networks of these residents will be explored to enrich our knowledge about the social effects of recovery and the role that distance plays in the way residents connect to each other six years after Hurricane Katrina. It also examines the applicability of disaster theory as it relates to this case and develops a methodology for examining the impact of geographic dispersal on social networks.

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Sandoval, Quezada Natalia Belén. "Citizens resisting Smart Cities’ initiatives : The case of Concepción (Chile) and the R+D PACYT project". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43674.

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Parque Científico y Tecnológico (PACYT, Science and Technology Park) is a large-scale R+D project that seems to be framed in a Smart City plan for Concepción, Chile, which the media has presented as “the Chilean Silicon Valley” (Araus, 2015; Tele13, 2019) and promises to bring not only research and development opportunities for the city but also thousands of direct and indirect jobs (Estudio Interdiseño, 2018; la Tercera, 2015) carried out by PACYT Corporation. Nonetheless, voices have raised to question the construction of the 91 hectares initiative, and some of them have even organized in citizen groups targeting the creation of the urban complex, which actively share information contesting the PACYT through social media, and coordinate activities to protest and spread the word. This is the study case to be analyzed in the present research, which aims to explore and understand, on the one hand, the reasons that have led to the organization of citizens contesting the PACYT project, and on the other hand, the way the project has been advertised and developed in relationship to the city's inhabitants. It intends to make a novel contribution to the field of Urban Studies, both in the areas of Critical Smart Urbanism and Postcolonial Studies, which in this case collide in Latin America, part of the Global South, while opening a discussion around the topic of citizens contesting urban developments with a Smart City background, where few incursions have been made and more specifically in the Latin American context, where the Smart City seems to have a particular interpretation. With that in mind, the current research tries to dig into an under-studied territory, and in doing so, it plans to bring to the table the relevance of studying the approach and way of developing Smart Cities’ ideas in Latin American, and to put focus on what city’s inhabitants have to say about those developments and what their interests are, using the lenses of the right to the city and the understandings coming from urban social movements and conflicts. In that sense, the research outputs are to question the form in which Smart City projects are being implemented in Latin America and to find possible guidelines to incorporate the city’s inhabitants in the development of them elsewhere, with that in mind, future research can be supported by this investigation, which encourages further studies both in the described fields and territory. To do so, the current investigation explores and unwrap theories regarding the mentioned fields and focuses on analyzing the case making use of mixed methods research, by executing qualitative and quantitative methodological tools to reach relevant data that helps to answer the research inquiries. In that sense, the results show that it can be confirmed that the nature of the PACYT, i.e. its R+D purposes and origins linked to a Smart City plan to transform the city into smartness, does not play a relevant role in the development of the conflict that has emerged between the PACYT management, and the people opposed to its construction, but several aspects explain the urban social conflict and that will be explored in the present work.

Acknowledgment.

First of all, I would like to thank all the interviewees that decided to share their thoughts in the present study, as well as to all the people that participated in the survey; without your contribution, it would have not been possible for me to reach my research goals and to count on with the rich material I have. On the other hand, I want to thank people from academia, such as my peers, who have given me advice and stamina, to my tutor, who has contributed with his wisdom, and to my mentor at university, who has kept me on track and provided me with valuable insights. I am grateful to these people for helping me with my willpower and effectiveness. Finally, I need to thank those surrounding me, like my family for supporting me from the distance, my partner for being here to contain and take care of me, and my dog for always being around me and spreading his love and joy.

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Ott, Kenneth Brad. "The Closure of New Orleans' Charity Hospital After Hurricane Katrina: A Case of Disaster Capitalism". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1472.

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Abstract Amidst the worst disaster to impact a major U.S. city in one hundred years, New Orleans’ main trauma and safety net medical center, the Reverend Avery C. Alexander Charity Hospital, was permanently closed. Charity’s administrative operator, Louisiana State University (LSU), ordered an end to its attempted reopening by its workers and U.S. military personnel in the weeks following the August 29, 2005 storm. Drawing upon rigorous review of literature and an exhaustive analysis of primary and secondary data, this case study found that Charity Hospital was closed as a result of disaster capitalism. LSU, backed by Louisiana state officials, took advantage of the mass internal displacement of New Orleans’ populace in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in an attempt to abandon Charity Hospital’s iconic but neglected facility and to supplant its original safety net mission serving the poor and uninsured for its neoliberal transformation to favor LSU’s academic medical enterprise.

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26

Greenstein, Daniel I. "Urban politics and the urban process : two case studies of Philadelphia". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ed50068a-eeb2-433a-b2ab-279c7296b95f.

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Both academics and the makers of public policy have for a long time been interested in the study of urban politics, but the subject needs to be integrated with the process of urban growth and development. Too frequently, the urban polity is analyzed as an arena which passively reflects or mechanically responds to more fundamental changes in the urban social structure. In this work, case studies of political reform in Philadelphia at two periods, 1800 to 1854 and 1890 to 1915, develop a number of hypotheses about how the urban polity plays an influential role in shaping the process of urban growth and change. Both case studies begin with computer-assisted analyses of changes in the socio-economic and spatial structures of urban society. Such changes are often considered to be fundamental causes of urban political reform either because they altered political elites' interests in municipal government or because they created enormous new demands on existing municipal works and services. The studies show, however, that social structural changes cannot by themselves explain the course of urban political development in the city of Philadelphia. Concentrating primarily on the formulation and implementation of municipal public works, the studies show that in both periods, the course of political reform was often shaped by two things: the 'private' or selfish interests of political actors, and the fragmented financial, administrative and party structures of the urban polity. More important, the studies show how self-interested political activities, in a polity in which authority was highly fragmented, often had consequences which were far reaching in their impact on the structure and experience of urban life. Indeed, the first case study shows how urban politics shaped the process of social group formation in the industrializing city. The second case study shows how the structure and conduct of urban politics determined social groups' political power in the city. The conclusion then demonstrates how the case studies support a number of hypotheses about the relationship between urban politics and urban society which may be applied generally to analyses of the process of urban growth and change.

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Tang, York-wan Angela, e 鄧若韻. "Redevelopment and urban form". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42574651.

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Brasier, Alana. "Urban Greenways: The Case for the Selmon Greenway". Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3014.

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Abstract Across the country and world, cities are building urban greenways to achieve environmental, economic, and social objectives. Greenways are recreational trails that provide functions beyond recreation, such as stormwater management, economic development, community development, and aesthetic improvements. A plan to build an urban greenway in downtown Tampa is underway. The greenway is proposed to be built underneath and adjacent to the Selmon Expressway, in conjunction with a widening and redecking project. A feasibility study was performed and approved by the Hillsborough County Metropolitan Planning Organization; now the biggest hurdle standing in the way of the Selmon Greenway is finding funding. This thesis uses qualitative research methods to build a case for the Selmon Greenway by demonstrating the importance and usefulness of greenways and examples of other urban greenways to provide ideas for possible funding and implementation strategies. Three case studies of greenways in New York City, Minneapolis, and Miami provide real-world examples of greenways, the benefits these cities have seen, and the funding sources and implementation strategies used to develop these greenways. Additionally, an in-depth case study of Tampa and the Selmon Greenway details the planning process and status of the greenway, the potential benefits the greenway could bring to downtown Tampa, and possible sources of funding.

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Wan, Pengfei, e 萬鵬飛. "An institutional analysis of Chinese urban local governance: case studies of Urban ResidentialCommittees". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241116.

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Susnik, Ann Elizabeth. "Urban redevelopment and displacement outcomes : case studies of urban renewal in Hong Kong /". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18735666.

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Chen, Yan Wendy. "Assessing the services and value of green spaces in urban ecosystem a case of Guangzhou City /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36206817.

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Poteete, Jean S. (Jean Schwartz). "Biotechnology manufacturing plant location decisions : Massachusetts case studies". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69319.

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Nilina, Nadya. "Bolshevik era, the extreme case of urban planning". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37268.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture; and, (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.
Leaf 102 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-101).
The key premise of the Russian revolutionary movement was the overthrow of the old government and establishment of the new political order under the one party leadership of the Bolsheviks. The political platform of the new government extended well beyond the promise of simple reforms. Its foundation was a vision of an entirely new society governed by a set of new economic mechanisms and social relations. The foundation of the new system rested on the complete socialization of all economic resources and means of production and the creation of the centralized planning system independent of the volatile dynamics of the free market. In this thesis I argue that in their role as the new government of Russia, Bolsheviks simultaneously acted as town planners and as social planners, envisioning the new society and its institutions in every detail and creating a new urban form-the socialist city, and the new citizen-the socialist man. To create this city the Bolsheviks designed a unique tool-they merged their legal right to make policy with their ability to use rhetoric in the form of widespread persuasion, propaganda, indoctrination and force. I define the socialist city as an urban settlement in which the primary from of human existence is the collective life.
(cont.) This city is designed in such a way as to make every space accessible to government control, by making it transparent to the collective which has assumed the censoring and policing functions of the government The space of the city is permeated by a network of institutions and agents making it an environment in which a person is constantly exposed to the mechanisms of control. During the first decade after the revolution the Bolsheviks created the forms of housing and the auxiliary institutions, such as the social club, the communal canteen etc, that became the building blocks of the socialist city. In this thesis I examine the social institutions created by the Bolsheviks between 1917 and 1932 with the goal of understanding of how their design defined the future development of the socialist city.
by Nadya Nilina.
M.C.P.
S.M.

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Qian, Wenbao. "Rural urban migration and its impact on economic development : a case study in China". Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7707/.

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In 1990, a research project called "Rural Surplus Labour and its Employment Exploration" was set up in China, undertaken by the Ministry of Labour, the Ministry of agriculture and the Development Centre of the State Council. From February to July 1992, I visited Shuangmiao Village in Qianshan County, Anhui Province, Xlanfeng Village and Kangle Village in Dingxi County, Gansu Province, Tianliao Village and Xiting Village in Changnan County, Zhejiang Province and, Longgang Zhen in Wenzhou Region, Zhejiang Province, where I conducted a questionnaire survey among 300 households. The model built up in this thesis is a multi-disciplinary model based on the author's documentary research in the disciplines of sociology/anthropology and development economics. My particular focus and my critique concerns two sociological theories illustrated by Revanstein and Lee and two economic models inferred by Lewis and Todaro, which have been widely quoted in the literature of migration. There are altogether six chapters. The first chapter is a review of the literature of internal migration both in developed and developing countries, and a brief introduction to and critique of the four migration models. The main task of the second chapter is to hypothesise a set of social/anthropological and economic variables and their relationships to the internal migration decision, and to build up a multi-disciplinary internal migration model. In the third and fourth chapters, a detailed description of the field study in the five villages, one town and one city is given and a qualitative analysis follows. The fifth chapter is the quantitative analysis, testing the model to see whether or not there is correlation between the hypothesised independent variables and the making of the internal migration decision. Finally, a conclusion and some proposals for further research are given in the sixth chapter.

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Suchland, Colin E. "The sacred and the urban the case for social-justice gentrifiers /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5673.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 17, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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Molholt, Stephanie Anne Leu 1972. "A place to call home: Examining the role of American Indian community centers in urban settings". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291416.

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Assimilation has long been the driving force behind the federal government's policies relating to American Indians. The termination and relocation policies of the 1950s and 1960s exemplify government actions in this area. As a direct result of these two policies there was an influx of American Indians into urban areas. Abandoned by the federal government and facing competition from other minority groups for state services, American Indians began to develop their own service organizations. Urban Indian community centers, many pan-Indian by necessity due to the numerous tribes present in each urban community, were some of the first organizations created. These organizations provided services, support, and a cultural haven. This thesis reviews the history of these policies and their impact on American Indians and concludes with an analysis of research done at the American Indian Community House, New York City, which examines the contemporary role of community centers in urban areas.

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Hope, Andrew Derek. "School Internet use : case studies in the sociology of risk". Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3979/.

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This research uses observation, interviews and content analysis to examine the perceived and actual risks arising from Internet use in eight educational establishments. The majority of staff interviewed expressed concern about online pornography and the dangers of web based chat rooms. Additionally staff were anxious about the risks posed by hate engendering sites, websites encouraging experimentation, copyright infringement and threats to network security. In considering these school Internet risk narratives I make a distinction between concern that the student is "at risk" and that they are "dangerous”, posing a threat to the institution. I point out that in the primary schools staff talked about students solely as being "at risk", whereas in secondary schools this concern was tempered with the view that students misusing the school Internet also posed a danger to the institution. In the post-16 college Internet risks were almost solely expressed in terms of the "dangerous student". While only a sparse student risk narrative existed, with a few students anxious about on-line pornography, chat-lines and security there was non-verbal evidence indicating that students were worried about being punished for misusing the Internet. In assessing the "student- at-risk", I argue that exposure to pornography via the school Internet was not likely to pose an actual risk, while undesirable others in chat rooms, hateful websites and sites encouraging experimentation all posed actual, though statistically remote, risks. Considering the Internet activities of the "dangerous student", I found little evidence to suggest that the issues of school image, staff authority and copyright should be a source of great concern, although I note that school network security was an actual risk which deserves more attention. Finally, I consider institutional attempts to control Internet use and alleviate some of these perceived and actual risks through the use of rhetoric, exclusion and surveillance.

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Neilson, Joy. "Milwaukee's ethnic festivals| Creating ethnic-American heritage for urban ethnic tourism". Thesis, The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1588839.

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Ethnic identity is dynamic social construction. Ethnic groups define and display their heritage to meet the social, economic, and political interests of the group. Tourism is one outlet for ethnic groups to express their identity while stimulating local economies. Ethnic tourism is becoming more popular in urban settings, as municipal governments attempt to compete for tourism income and establish a unique brand. Placing ethnic tourism within an urban setting creates additional layers of complexity that have the potential to alter the way ethnic groups interact and are perceived by locals and visitors. Tourism involves the construction of expectations through deliberate representation. When the object of expectation is an ethnic or minority group, the creation of symbols to enhance the exotic appeal can have unintended consequences for the performance of ethnicity within urban structures. This paper attempts to document the effects of urban ethnic tourism on the ethnic group that is the subject of tourism by applying a new framework for urban ethnic tourism to the ethnic festivals of Milwaukee, WI.

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Kukka, H. (Hannu). "Case studies in human information behaviour in smart urban spaces". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514298868.

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Abstract This dissertation aims to uncover emerging practices in how people seek information while on the move in augmented urban spaces. The backdrop for a majority of the work presented here is the City of Oulu in Finland, where we have installed a variety of new ubiquitous computing infrastructure and services including, among others, a network of large interactive public displays called UBI-hotspots. The hotspots serve as a versatile platform on top of which new types of services can be developed, deployed and tested in an authentic urban setting with real, non-coached users and a sufficiently long timespan to truly evaluate the impact of such services on the everyday life and practices of the city and its citizens. The case studies presented in this dissertation aim at understanding the effect of such highly visible additions to the urban space from the point of view of human information behaviour. I seek to understand the underlying information seeking strategies people employ while foraging the hotspots for information, and the types of information people see as valuable while attending their daily business in the downtown area of the City. Questions such as how do people utilize the new sources of information in their daily information seeking tasks, and what is the preferred medium for information delivery, are addressed. The theoretical framework for the studies is derived from both ubiquitous and urban computing, and from the field of human information behaviour research. The main findings of the presented studies indicate that people have adapted the new infrastructure and services as parts of their daily information seeking tasks. The detailed usage data logged by all hotspots provide insight into the browsing habits of users, and analysis of inter-session navigation show that various latent strategies of information seeking exist. Further, findings indicate that there is a clear difference between the types of services people perceive as useful prior to using the hotspots, and services that people actually use on the hotspots. Also, findings indicate that people are willing to download information items from the hotspots to their mobile devices for later reference, thus adding information to their personal information repository
Tiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja pyrkii löytämään ja selittämään uusia tapoja joilla ihmiset etsivät informaatiota älykkäissä kaupunkitiloissa. Tausta suurelle osalle työstä on Oulun kaupunki, jonne olemme asentaneet erilaisia jokapaikan tietotekniikan laitteistoja sekä palveluja. Erityisesti väitöskirjassa tutkitaan suurten julkisten näyttöjen – ”UBI-näyttöjen” – verkostoa. UBI-näytöt toimivat monipuolisena alustana jonka päällä uusia palveluja voidaan kehittää sekä testata autenttisessa kaupunkitilassa todellisten käyttäjien toimesta riittävän pitkällä aikavälillä, joka puolestaan mahdollistaa palveluiden todellisen merkittävyyden arvioimisen suhteessa ihmisten jokapäiväiseen informaatiokäyttäytymiseen sekä informaatiotarpeisiin. Väitöskirjassa esitetyt tapaustutkimukset pyrkivät ymmärtämään tällaisten erittäin näkyvien tietoteknisten laitteiden vaikutusta ihmisten käyttäytymiseen informaatiotutkimuksen näkökulmasta. Tarkastelun kohteena ovat ihmisten jokapäiväiseen tiedonhakuun liittyvät strategiat heidän käyttäessään UBI-näyttöjä, sekä erilaiset informaatiotyypit joita ihmiset pitävät tärkeinä hoitaessaan jokapäiväisiä asioitaan kaupunkitiloissa. Kysymykset kuten kuinka ihmiset käyttävät uusia informaation lähteitä etsiessään tietoa jokapäiväisiin tarpeisiinsa sekä millä laitteilla ihmiset mieluiten etsivät ko. tietoa ohjaavat suurta osaa tutkimuksesta. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys muodostuu jokapaikan tietotekniikan tutkimuksesta, urbaanin tietotekniikan tutkimuksesta, sekä ihmisten informaatiokäyttäytymisen tutkimuksesta. Tutkimuksen tärkeimmät löydökset osoittavat että ihmiset ovat ottaneet uudet tietotekniset resurssit osaksi päivittäistä informaatiokäyttäytymistään. Yksityiskohtainen lokitieto yhdistettynä haastattelu- ja havainnointidataan tarjoaa syvällisen näkemyksen käyttäjien tiedontarpeisiin. Dataa analysoimalla olemme havainneet joukon strategioita joita ihmiset käyttävät etsiessään tietoa kaupunkitiloissa. Tutkimus osoittaa myös, että ihmisten oletettujen tiedontarpeiden sekä havainnoidun käyttäytymisen välillä on suuria eroavaisuuksia. Käyttäjät ovat myös halukkaita lataamaan tietosisältöä matkapuhelimiinsa myöhempää käyttöä varten, täten lisäten tietoa omaan henkilökohtaiseen tietovarastoonsa

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40

Jakubowski, Susan L. "Public Participation in Urban Development: Case Studies from Cincinnati, Ohio". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397736487.

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41

Lee, Kai-chuk Bonnie. "Social capital and sustainable community development : a case study of North Point /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25247542.

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42

Seale, Elizabeth. "Serving the Poor: A Comparative Case Study of an Urban and a Rural County in North Carolina". NCSU, 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03082010-143335/.

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In this dissertation I find that changes associated with welfare policy, federal devolution, and the global economy constrain service providers and communities, but that local factors in the two counties mediate how organizational actors adapt to these challenges. I use global political economic theory, organizational theory, and theories of inequality to investigate how local actors address poverty in their communities. Specifically, I examine through a comparative case study how government and nonprofit service providers in two North Carolina counties cope with challenges that derive from global and national levels as well as local factors to serve the poor. I rely on extensive interviews, observations, and secondary data. I find that officials in the rural county are severely constrained in their ability to address poverty, due to lower organizational capacity and very limited financial and social resources. The implications of poverty policy for rural and urban areas differ. Not only has inequality within place been exacerbated by recent national and global trends, but inequality between places is aggravated as well. Further, most resources in the urban county are used in ways that reinforce dependence on the low-wage labor market. In both counties services are disciplinary in nature, reflecting the neoliberal environment in which service providers operate. Only in some casesâand only in the urban countyâdo agencies address the marketâs inadequacies and general issues of class, race, and gender inequality. In fact, only when there is high organizational capacity, some autonomy, and significant embeddedness in the community, do I find local leaders who are willing to stop regulating the poor as should-be low-wage workers.

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Salter, Robert Lawrence. "Two Case Studies of the University Strategic Planning Process". Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3645324.

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This is a study of how the quality of a university strategic plan can be assessed on the basis of content validated rubrics. It further explores of the dynamics of how the choice of a planning process, i.e. inclusive or non-inclusive, can be affected by strategic intent, change capacity and leadership style of the organization's President.

As the definition of a quality strategic plan document is established by the study, the next problem the study addresses is the gap in higher education literature about the import of clear strategic intent, i.e. the focus on what the organization is trying to achieve. Therefore, two research questions evolve and are addressed in the study: (1) What are the factors that drive the choice of a strategic planning process? (2) Does the process choice affect the quality of the final plan document?

The first phase of research surveyed 16 presidents of prestigious universities. These participants content validated a Comprehensive Quality Matrix. In the second sampling process, faculty and staff from one Midwestern urban college (Site A) and another university in the same city (Site B) were engaged for focus groups and interviews as the beta sites. This second phase explores the assumption that faculty and staff are more inclined to accept and support change if they are viewed as beneficiaries of and collaborators in that change.

Conclusively, the research was a mixed study in that Phase I was quantitative in nature whereas Phase II was qualitative. A review of findings from the research reveals that criteria for a high-quality strategic plan document can indeed be defined. The researcher developed a Comprehensive Quality Matrix, whose content was validated by experts using a statistically significant standard method. The researcher also identified certain factors that affect the choice of a planning process (inclusive or exclusive). The major elements were strategic intent and culture management, while the minor elements were organizational capacity and organizational learning. Leader style and orientation were found to further impact process choice. Task-oriented leaders tend to be more exclusive in their planning processes, whereas relational leaders tend to be more inclusive.

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Brooks, Johnny. "The Utility of Restorative Justice in Urban Communities For Afro Americans Males 12-17". Thesis, Walden University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3613461.

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Juvenile delinquency continues to be a major social problem in the United States. One of the more salient problems with the juvenile justice system in the United States is its staggering incarceration rate, which poses a significant problem for youth exposed to the juvenile justice system, and the community as a whole. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand the perspective of the program facilitators about the effectiveness of the restorative justice program in reducing recidivism for African American males aged 12 to 17 in Baltimore City's urban community. This study relied upon restorative justice theory as conceptualized by Braithwaite as the theoretical framework. Using intrinsic case study design, data were collected from 7 restorative justice facilitators, who participated in face-to-face interviews using semistructured, open-ended questions. Miles and Huberman's qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data and to record emerging themes and patterns. The key finding of this study indicates that facilitators believe restorative justice results in a reduction of the recidivism rate specifically through the conferencing program when Braithwaite's reintegrative shaming is incorporated into the process. According to the program facilitators, the conferencing program is effective in reducing juvenile recidivism as it promotes transparency and openness to all stakeholders through being very clear and upfront on all levels with the juveniles, parents, and volunteers. As such, there are implications for positive social change by involving all the stakeholders—family, community, policy makers, and juvenile justice practitioners—that may result in reduced incidences of juvenile offending, thereby promoting safer communities.

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Ng, Lily K. 1967. "An examination of hotel repositioning strategies : three case studies". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69405.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 107).
Hotels differ from ordinary commercial real estate in that lodgings require extensive management to maintain daily operations to generate revenue and cash flow. Also, hotels do not have defined income streams, such as long-term tenant leases that are typical in other types of real estate. A fluctuation of income reflects both daily room rental characteristics and the timing of economic cycles. A hotel's assets encompass its locational and physical attributes, as well as the business value generated by the hotel's cash flow, which relies heavily on the management's expertise and marketing abilities. When a hotel's image and product quality no longer match its desired position, the owner has the option to reposition the property. Repositioning is often triggered when a property is under-performing, suffering from financial distress and/or experiencing changes in ownership. The primary objective of repositioning is to improve the property's performance. The objective of this thesis is to explore the core issues and areas of concern which owners should be aware of when repositioning a hotel property. Specifically, Chapter One of this thesis sets up the parameters by which repositioning strategies can be evaluated. The chapter establishes the framework of the "resource-based" view of strategies, suggesting that the basis of a sound strategy starts with an entity's resources. Building on this view, this thesis will discuss the role that economic life cycles, branding, segmentation and externalities play on repositioning. The underlying strategies, applications and results of each case are discussed and examined. Finally, Chapter Five presents the implications of the cases and the main lessons learned from them.
by Lily K. Ng.
S.M.

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Edleman, Paul Richard Boroujerdi Mehrzad. "Grain contract farming in the United States two case studies /". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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47

Deffner, Alexios-Michael. "Cultural activities of young adults in urban time-space : the case of Paleo Phaliro in Athens". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1995. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1397/.

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The basic aim of this research is to uncover the role of cultural activities, especially those related to music and cinema, situated in the urban time-space, in the quest for identity by young adults (aged 19-25) as it is expressed in their life-style. The fieldwork area is the locality of Paleo Phaliro in Athens which is a middle-class area of low concentration of cultural spaces especially in comparison to the nearby city centre. The conceptual framework introduces elements of cultural studies and social anthropology into cultural geography focusing on the agency - structure interrelationship. The direct type of connection between theory and fieldwork, mainly expressed through differentiations (contradictions), led to an emphasis on qualitative analysis, and particularly to the use of multiple case studies which was methodologically translated into structured indepth interviews and semi-structured diaries. The perceptions and actions of young adults show that common elements exist, which, although they focus on consumption and on the individual, also involve active participation in groups. Their musical and cinematic preferences show a tendency towards the global, which co-exists with an attachment to the locality. Their life-attitudes indicate a rejection of routinisation that constitutes the basis of the reaction to a stereotype of action, which is mainly imposed by the media, and secondarily by the family and the school. This contradictory process, which is situated in a context of plurality of times, spaces and cultures, also involves a plurality of cultural identities. The attitudes of the present are important for the future, especially for young adults in an area, and a city, with an ageing population. The primacy of music, in a global world where the impact of artistic activities is slowly recognised, is a factor of hope regarding the cultural aspect of the European unification.

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Millward, Alison. "Community involvement in urban nature conservation : Case studies of the urban wildlife group 1980-1985". Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15096/.

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The effectiveness of the strategies employed by the Urban Wildlife Group (a voluntary conservation organisation) to provide and manage three urban nature parks has been evaluated, using a multiple methods methodology. Where the level of community interest and commitment to a project is high, the utilisation of the community nature park strategy (to maximise benefits to UWG and the community) is warranted. Where the level of interest and commitment of the local community is low, a strategy designed to encourage limited involvement of the community is most effective and efficient. The campaign strategy, whereby the community and UWG take direct action to oppose a threat of undesirable development on a nature park, is assessed to be a sub-strategy, rather than a strategy in its own right. Questionnaire surveys and observations studies have revealed that urban people appreciate and indeed demand access to nature parks in urban areas, which have similar amenity value to that provided by countryside recreation sites. Urban nature parks are valued for their natural character, natural features (trees, wild flowers) peace and quiet, wildlife and openness. People use these sites for a mixture of informal and mainly passive activities, such as walking and dog walking. They appear to be of particular value to children for physical and imaginative play. The exact input of time and resources that UWG has committed to the projects has depended on the level of input of the local authority. The evidence indicates that the necessary technical expertise needed to produce and manage urban nature parks, using a user-oriented approach is not adequately provided by local authorities. The methods used in this research are presented as an `evaluation kit' that may be used by practitioners and researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of a wide range of different open spaces and the strategies employed to provide and manage them.

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Ahmad, Nadiah Nihaad. "GAZA: A CASE STUDY OF URBAN DESTRUCTION THROUGH MILITARY INVOLVEMENT". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/135932.

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Geography
M.A.
Nicholas Adams (1993) suggests that the destruction of the built environment and architecture of a city during war is an effective way of demoralizing and even eradicating the enemy. Goonewardena and Kipfer (2007) suggest that the built environment helps establish not only the common shared spaces in which individuals live their lives, but a sense of place and community identity. When buildings and public spaces are anthropomorphized, their destruction affects every aspect of a community. Urbicide as a tactic of urban warfare has changed the look and feel of many places such as the Balkans, Germany in World War II, and The Gaza Strip. The many faces of war have changed the landscape and homogeneity of the areas affected. Long-term, continual bombardment, precision attacks, and incursions by armies have in many cases all but destroyed the pre-existing physical environment. In its stead, is created a non-permanent built environment on the verge of destruction or change by non-civil forces. This investigation uses The Gaza Strip as a case study and looks into the impermanence of the built environment. The continual violence of change has greatly affected the resident Palestinian population. I will also examine how the temporary nature of the built environment and constant threats of change and destruction have affected everyday spaces. Although the population understands the potentially transitory nature of the structures, this does not deter them from rebuilding, when materials are available. Using data obtained from different nongovernmental organisations and aid agencies, this paper examines how repeated bombardment, precision attacks, and incursions reconfigure space, buildings and the functionality of the built environment in The Gaza Strip. Changes in the form and functionality are conceptualized as continuous processes that produce constant rounds of rebuilding. The shape and composition of the built environment is evaluated after specific bombardments, attacks and incursions in order to assess the extent and form of rebuilding. The results show that each round of destruction is followed by differing degrees of reconstruction that again restructure the look of the built environment.
Temple University--Theses

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King, Adrienne Jean 1973. "Urban Indians, people of color and the Albuquerque Police Department". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278663.

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This thesis is a study of the perceptions urban American Indians and people of color have toward the Albuquerque Police Department, focusing on the citizen complaint process. Analyzing these perceptions and hearing their experiences provides insight to how these peoples view their local law enforcement similarly and differently from each other and Anglos. While the issues of other peoples of color may be addressed, the needs of the indian community are rarely addressed. Without visibility and advocacy, American Indians are not represented and the issues important to them cannot be heard. Since little has been written on Indian and police relations it is possible to extrapolate from the experiences of other urban communities of color. To better understand the experiences of people of color with the Albuquerque Police Department three research methods are used: citizen complainant satisfaction surveys, interviews with citizen organizations and an individual case study.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Sociology, urban – case studies"

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