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SERRANO, ARÉVALO KARLA MICHELL. "NUEVOS RETOS PARA LA RADIO PÚBLICA EN MÉXICO: LA DEFENSORÍA DE LAS AUDIENCIAS EN RADIO EDUCACIÓN". Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/99897.
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La radio pública se ha modificado y ha luchado para desarrollarse ante barreras jurídicas y comerciales establecidas por un Estado carente de interés por ofrecer una programación de calidad y utilidad social a las audiencias.
Las defensorías emergen ante la necesidad de crear un vínculo entre los medios de comunicación y la sociedad civil para que el público conozca sus derechos y que el gobierno garantice los deberes políticos hacia la audiencia.
El defensor de la audiencia actúa como un medio para la construcción de una ciudadanía democrática pues su trabajo no solo radica en difundir información sobre derechos. Acercar a las audiencias con quien les emite contenidos: sugerencias, quejas, peticiones, opiniones, felicitaciones y consultas también es parte del quehacer del defensor de audiencia.
Para Radio Educación, establecer un canal con sus audiencias a partir de las herramientas institucionales le ha permitido generar un vínculo con los radioescuchas y tener impactos positivos en la sociedad, como la participación activa, la transmisión de cultura y la apertura a un diálogo en una sociedad mediática.
A diferencia de la radio comercial, la radio pública debe imaginar y relacionarse con la audiencia con base en sus discursos y la respuesta a los contenidos que se le presentan; esto es trabajo no solo de los productores sino de todo el equipo que trabaja en la emisora.
La creación de contenidos de utilidad social permite que las audiencias se interrelacionen con el medio a través de la participación en temas de interés colectivo que los medios comerciales no permiten por sus características e intereses de lucro.
A través de los defensores de audiencia se abren canales de retroalimentación entre medio y audiencia que ayudan a ampliar los temas de la esfera pública.El regreso del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) al Poder Federal sorprendió a diferentes sectores de la comunidad nacional e internacional. En los primeros días de la administración de Enrique Peña Nieto (EPN) se anunciaron 11 reformas estructurales a la constitución, éstas eran en materia de energía, política, educación, economía, hacienda, laboral, financiera, telecomunicaciones, entre otras (Reformas Estructurales para transformar a México, 2016). Una de las que llamó más la atención fue la de Telecomunicaciones, el 14 de julio de 2014 (Diario Oficial de la Federación, 2014), debido a que para el inicio del gobierno de Peña Nieto no existía alguna reglamentación donde el gobierno pudiera demostrar su legalidad y democracia aplicada en los medios de comunicación, es decir, que estableciera las formas de regular las telecomunicaciones desde el Poder federal. Si bien existían antecedentes como la Ley Federal de Telecomunicaciones de 1995 no cumplían con el objetivo de la Ley Federal de Telecomunicaciones y Radiodifusión que enfatizaba en el quehacer de los medios públicos. Lenin Martell es uno de los investigadores que ha estudiado el desarrollo de la radiodifusión pública en México. Al respecto, Martell afirma que: Hasta la primera década del siglo XXI, el Estado mexicano no se había preocupado por desarrollar a la radiodifusión como un servicio público. Había creado emisoras estatales y culturales pero con ausencia de una política de Estado hacia la radiodifusión pública (Martell, 2017: 121). Uno de los aspectos más importantes en la reforma fue el tema de las audiencias, porque por primera vez en los artículos 6, 7 y 28 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos se tomó en cuenta a las audiencias como sujetos de derecho y no como simples consumidores. La reforma implicaba una modificación en materia de telecomunicaciones y radiodifusión. La reforma proponía la promoción de la competencia tanto en la radiodifusión como en las telecomunicaciones, argumentando que era este principio fundamental el que permitiría al Estado garantizar que el ciudadano ejerciera su derecho a la información de manera libre, fácil y rápida (Arroyo, 2015: 62). 6 Para el Estado era importante garantizar a la ciudadanía que el viejo régimen había terminado y el “nuevo PRI” renovaría las leyes constitucionales con la promesa de un mejor desarrollo para el país.1 Los derechos de las audiencias están vinculados con el ejercicio pleno de otros derechos fundamentales tales como el derecho a la información, el derecho a la privacidad, la libertad de expresión (antecedido por la libertad de conciencia y la libertad de opinión) y el derecho de réplica; los cuales solo pueden ejercerse plenamente en el marco del acceso democrático y plural a los medios (Sánchez, 2016: 103). En la reforma se tocaron puntos específicos donde se hablaba de audiencias y cuestiones que intervinieran con sus derechos entre ellas: 1) Acceso a la información 2) Competencia y calidad brindando cultura a la población 3) Libertad de opinión 4) Prohibición de monopolios
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Wilkinson, Catherine. "Connecting communities through youth-led radio". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2037460/.
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This thesis explores the extent to which, and the ways in which, KCC Live, a volunteer youth-led community radio station situated in Knowsley, neighbouring Liverpool, UK, provides a space for young people to find and realise their voices. The body of geographical work on radio has predominantly focussed on large-scale geopolitical questions at the international scale. In particular, there has been a deficit of research considering community radio in the UK. Research from other countries is not easily transferable, due to the specific regulatory paradigms in different countries. This study takes a step towards remedying the neglect of community radio in geographical research in the UK. This research project adopts a participatory design in collaboration with young people at KCC Live. Mixed methods were employed, including: 18 months of observant participation; interviews and focus groups with volunteers; interviews with management at KCC Live and Knowsley Community College; a listener survey, listener diaries, and follow-up interviews. Accompanying this thesis are two co-produced audio artefacts: an audio documentary named ‘Community to me is…’, which explores young people’s musings on community, and a three-part radio series called ‘What we found’, which discusses the findings of this research in audio form. First, my research provides insight into a twofold vision of youth voice as both restricted and creative concurrently. This thesis shows that community radio is not a cure-all solution for disenfranchised and silenced young people, as young people at KCC Live work within a pre-censored idea of speech. Second, this thesis finds that young people conceptualise the KCC Live community in multiple ways. These include: friendships which constitute communities of choice; geographic communities within specific locales; the functioning of KCC Live as a community of practice; imagined communities of listeners; and virtual communities, formed through use of social media. This research therefore advances recent debates that shift notions of community away from static place-based understandings to more networked approaches. Third, this thesis demonstrates that young people are capable of learning skills, locating resources and building networks, thereby generating their own stocks of social capital. It therefore challenges the dominant perception within the literature of young people as receivers, rather than producers, of social capital.
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Hurley, Mary E. "Premium blend : a polysemic approach to contemporary problems in public radio". Scholarly Commons, 1998. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/511.
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The thesis is a case study of KUOP, FM, Stockton- Modesto, an affiliate of National Public Radio (NPR) and Public Radio International (PRI). The study employed rhetorical criticism, a member survey, and participant observation. First, a critical review of the audience research literature and the electronic discussions of public radio professionals revealed the discursive struggles concerning mission, service, community, and audience. Second, a survey of KUOP's members was used to compare KUOP with the national "norm," as developed within public radio audience research. Third, these findings were discussed from the perspective gained through participant-observation as a part-time worker at KUOP for more than two years. The study used both national and local research to develop specific strategies for programming, marketing, and positioning KUOP, utilizing a polysemic approach to media performance. Member preferences and positioning themes were derived from the KUOP
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Andersson, Vera. ""Jag är bloggen" - en projektbeskrivning av ett radioreportage om identitet och bloggande". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31785.
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Vad betyder bloggen för den som bloggar? Genom tre unga tjejers röster är syftet att förstå vad bloggandet betyder för dem. Samtidigt är det att se vad det har för inverkan på identitetsskapandet. Arbetet handlar också om att skapa ett rum för lyssnande, där informanternas röster är tonsättare och grunden i arbetet.Genom ett radioreportage där Johanna, Tova och Camilla själva berättar om sin syn på bloggandet, har jag försökt att sätta fingret på vad det är bloggen ger tjejerna som skolan inte gör. Med en konstruktivistisk syn på identitet har metoden för närmandet varit kvalitativintervju med inspiration av radiojournalisters syn på intervjuer. För att ringa in informanternas syn på bloggandet har jag använt mig av diskursanalys.Bloggandet är ett fritidsintresse, något som ligger utanför skolan. Ett lärande som är på informanternas villkor, samtidigt som det är riktat till en läsekrets som förväntar sig att få ta del av deras liv. Bloggen tar mycket tid men känns mer personligt än skolan. Det är ett ställe där de kan få utlopp för känslor, smak och åsikter och får feedback från sina läsare vilket stärker deras självbild. Genom att förtydliga sig själva med mode, foto och frisyrer skapar tjejerna ett forum där de visar vilka de är. Samtidigt är alla tre tjejer medvetna om att bloggen är offentlig och därför väljer de bort delar som de inte publicerar. Detta för att värna om sitt privatliv och de kontakter de har som inte vill synas i bloggen. Genom att använda mig av radio som medium har jag försökt skapa en möjlighet för lyssnare att själva bilda sig en uppfattning av vad som sägs. Texten är ett komplement och en fördjupning till radioreportaget.Jag upplever att mina tre informanter genom sitt bloggande får utlopp för känslor och smak som annars inte har någon given plattform. Alla tre är medvetna om sina läsare och formar sitt språk efter dem. Diskursen informanterna rör sig i är ett förhållande mellan fritid och skola, mellan att vara offentlig och samtidigt privat och att uttrycka vem man är, i förhållande till vad man inte är.
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Purcell-Davis, Allyson. "Interaction in the radio news interview : a case study of BBC Radio 4's the Today programme and the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/88309/.
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News interviews are core within current practices of journalism. They point to the existence of a mediated public space and bolster the concept of democratic accountability. This research investigates what impact these concepts have on the news interviews broadcast by the Today programme (BBC Radio 4) and how interaction within them invoked the public. The programme has a responsibility to uphold the democratic life of the UK, making it a compelling focus of research. The case study examined in this thesis is the broadcast of news interviews concerning the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (HFEA 2008) and how they shaped representations of the biomedical techniques contained within the legislation. In particular, research investigated what the news interviews reveal about the biological citizen: a specific configuration of citizenship increasingly important in the twenty first century. The research method is Conversation Analysis and the news interviews as broadcast are the empirical data on which findings are based. The study contributes to the understanding of the method through the investigation of the structural organisation of the news interviews and how this affected interaction. Findings suggest that the news interviews on the Today programme highlights the political dimensions of the HFEA 2008, that interviewees were predominantly MPs or public figures and that the gender ratio is skewed towards male voices. It points to the fact that the programme prefers news interviews that contain two interviewees, as this promotes adversarial encounters within interaction. Research also establishes how interviewers have at their disposal a range of devices, such as third party citations, which they use within questions in order to achieve a neutral posture. A further set of findings uncovers the need of interviewees to maintain a positive image of themselves, employing politeness strategies in order to co-operate when answering a question.
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Day, Rachel. "BBC Media Action Radio for Development: Exploring maternal health programs with a gender and development lens in Ethiopia". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22688.
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This paper uses case study analysis to examine one edutainment radio project in particular produced by BBC Media Action in Ethiopia. This edutainment project, funded by the UK Department for International Development, was created to improve maternal and neonatal health, and takes an interesting approach regarding gender differences. The content of the data is qualitative in nature. The research design uses a mixed-methods approach and consists of interviews with program hosts and station/program managers; a review of existing research reports and communications produced by BBC Media Action; and a review of relevant grey literature.Using a gender and development approach to frame my research allowed me to examine how gender issues are addressed and affected in the programmes aimed at improving maternal health. What is unique about these programmes in comparison to other edutainment programmes aimed at improving maternal and neonatal health in rural areas of Africa is that although the primary target audience is women of child-bearing age, the programmes are also designed to target their husbands.I argue that the radio programs, Biiftuu Jireenyaa and Jember, seem to focus on changing men’s behaviour while protecting existing power dynamics, instead of challenging them. BBC Media Action’s project claims to have been successful in affecting a degree of change in terms of health practices aimed to improve maternal and neonatal in rural Ethiopia. The project, however, does not seem to have impacted the power differences between men and women. Instead, they seem to have used the existing power differences to assist their health aims.
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Gustavsson, Jessica, e Anna Grunewald. "End-of-Life treatment of Radio Base Station transceivers in Europe, Japan and the USA : a Life Cycle Assessment study". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33040.
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The background to this study is increased efforts at Ericsson to evaluate the environmental impact of the products. Earlier Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies at Ericsson have mainly focused on the production- and use phases, whereas the End-of-Life (EoL) phase has not been thoroughly considered. This, along with the fact that legislation on producer responsibility for electronics is anticipated in a number ofcountries around the world, has made research in the environmental impact of the EoLphase increasingly important. The main objectives of this study were: To develop scenarios for the most likely EoLtreatment of Radio Base Station transceivers in the three geographic areas Europe, Japanand the USA, to evaluate the environmental impacts of these scenarios by using the LCAmethodology, and finally, to compare the environmental impacts of the two options for EoL treatment of a Radio Base Station transceiver; dismantling and shredding without former dismantling. Initially, two transceivers were sent out for recycling trials, one to the Japanese recycling company Total Environmental Recycling Management and another to the American recycling company United Recycling Industries Inc. Also, contacts were established with the recycling companies MIREC B.V. in the Netherlands and Ragn-Sells Elektronikåtervinning AB in Sweden. Out of the results from the recycling trials and the contacts with MIREC and Ragn-Sells, four different scenarios were developed. These scenarios all start with manual dismantling. Furthermore, the Swedish recycling companyAB Arv Andersson was contacted and an additional scenario based on shredding of an entire transceiver without former dismantling was developed. It shall be noted that the shredding scenario is a hypothetical scenario, based on the assumption that the transceiver does not contain any beryllium oxide components, which otherwise often require the transceiver to be dismantled. The five EoL treatment scenarios discussed above were combined with assumptions on the take-back logistics for discarded transceivers and totally nine different EoL scenarios were developed. Finally, the environmental impacts of these nine scenarios were evaluated by using the LCA methodology, and the following final conclusions were drawn: • The environmental impact due to transportation is relatively large compared to theimpact of other processes involved in the End-of-Life phase of a transceiver. • In most cases, aeroplane transportation causes several times larger environmental impact per tonkilometre than truck transportation does. • It appears that, from an environmental point of view, shredding of an entire transceiver without former dismantling is a just as good alternative for End-of-Lifetreatment of a transceiver as a recycling process starting with dismantling.Denna studie har sin bakgrund i ökade satsningar inom Ericsson att utvärderaprodukternas miljöpåverkan. Tidigare livscykelanalyser (LCA) hos Ericsson harhuvudsakligen fokuserat på produktions- och användningsfaserna, medansluthanteringsfasen inte har studerats lika noggrant. Detta, samt det faktum attlagstiftning om producentansvar för elektronikskrot är på väg att införas i ett flertalländer i världen, har ökat betydelsen av forskning om sluthanteringsfasens miljöpåverkan. Denna studies huvudsakliga syften var: Att utveckla scenarier för den mest troligasluthanteringen av transceivrar för radiobasstationer i de tre geografiska områdenaEuropa, Japan och USA, att utvärdera miljöpåverkan av dessa scenarier med hjälp avLCA metodiken, och slutligen, att jämföra miljöpåverkan av de två alternativamöjligheterna till sluthantering av transceivrar för radiobasstationer; demontering ochfragmentering utan föregående demontering. Inledningsvis skickades två transceivrar ut för provskrotning, en till det japanskaåtervinningsföretaget Total Environmental Recycling Management och en till detamerikanska återvinningsföretaget United Recycling Industries Inc. Kontakt togs ävenmed återvinningsföretagen MIREC B.V. i Holland och Ragn-Sells ElektronikåtervinningAB i Sverige. Utifrån resultaten av provskrotningarna och kontakterna med MIREC ochRagn-Sells utvecklades fyra olika scenarier. Samtliga dessa scenarier inleds med manuelldemontering. Dessutom kontaktades det svenska återvinningsföretaget AB ArvAndersson och ytterligare ett scenario baserat på fragmentering av en hel transceiver utanföregående demontering togs fram. Det skall betonas att fragmenteringsscenariot är etthypotetiskt scenario baserat på antagandet att transceivern inte innehåller någraberylliumoxidkomponenter, vilka annars ofta medför att transceivern måste demonteras. De fem ovanstående scenarierna för sluthantering av transceivrar kopplades ihop medantaganden om logistiken för återtagande av uttjänta transceivrar och totalt utveckladesnio olika scenarier. Slutligen utvärderades miljöpåverkan av dessa nio scenarier medhjälp av LCA metodiken och följande slutsatser drogs: • Miljöpåverkan orsakad av transporter är relativt stor i jämförelse med påverkanorsakad av andra processer som är involverade i en transceivers sluthanteringsfas. • Oftast orsakar flygtransporter flera gånger större miljöpåverkan per tonkilometer änlastbilstransporter gör. • Ur miljösynpunkt förefaller fragmentering av en hel transceiver, utan föregåendedemontering, vara ett lika bra alternativ för sluthantering av en transceiver som enåtervinningsprocess som börjar med demontering.
www.ima.kth.se
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Nelson, James. "Hillbilly Music & Early Live Radio Programming in Bowling Green & Glasgow, Kentucky: Country Music as a Local Phenomenon". TopSCHOLAR®, 1994. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3151.
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In this study, the author examines the development of country music in the area surrounding Bowling Green and Glasgow, Kentucky, from approximately 1930 to 1960 and its relation to the newly emerging medium of radio. Emphasis is placed on several performers whose careers were linked to the radio stations which began to broadcast in Bowling Green and Glasgow during the 1940s.
In the past, country music scholarship has tended to focus on phonograph records as a source of material for study and as the primary means of musical transmission. As a result, the careers of many of the lesser known artists were overlooked simply because they never made a record. The writer looks at country music as a local phenomenon with live radio broadcasts and personal appearances as the primary mode of transmission. Data were collected from tape recorded interviews and written sources, including various archival sources - old newspapers, fan magazines, and assorted ephemera - and used to outline the careers of several performers associated with WLBJ and WKCT in Bowling Green and WKAY in Glasgow.
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Robb, Margo L. "Community Radio, Public Interest: The Low Power Fm Service and 21st Century Media Policy". Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/315/.
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Fritz, Johanna. "ÄR PUBLIC SERVICE PARTISKT? - EN PARTISKHETSPRÖVNING AV PODCASTEN DET POLITISKA SPELET". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21295.
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Uppsatsen sjösattes som en konsekvens av den kritik som politiker och journalister riktat mot public service de senaste åren. Kritiken som främst handlat om en upplevd vänstervridning inom public service är oroväckande då en partiskhet innebär minskade förutsättningar för välorienterade samhällsmedborgare som kan ta ställning i olika samhällsfrågor. Baserat på kritiken har syftet med uppsatsen varit att granska partiskheten i Sveriges Radios podcastverksamhet, ett public service-drivet medium som trots sin allt mer omfattande räckvidd förblivit ett outforskat område inom objektivitetsforskningen. Med avstamp från Westerståhls objektivitetsstudier har en partiskhetsprövning genomförts där begreppet objektivitet likställts med opartiskhet och operationaliserats som en sammanvägning av balans och neutralitet. Neutraliteten har sedermera beräknats via antalet positiva respektive negativa omdömen som riktats mot riksdagspartierna, medan balansen beräknats via det utrymme som partiernas ideologiska budskap och partipolitiska aktiviteter fått i podcasten. Avslutningsvis har en diskussion förts utifrån Asps (2006) syn på rättvisa och mynnat ut i ett resultat som indikerar att en politisk högerriktning gynnats i Sveriges Radios podcastverksamhet.
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Yarde, Rosalind. "Empowering Tanzanian Youth - Engaging Communities: An experiment in participatory communication". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23116.
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ABSTRACTYoung people, I believe, are the future of every society because they are the ones who will inherit our mistakes and who can potentially drive the change that we all aspire to, through their ideas, creativity and belief. Yet all too often they are marginalised, disregarded, even demonised. In Tanzania, 50% of the population is under the age of 18 years but they are rarely given a voice. This thesis reports on an experiment aimed at giving a voice to a group of marginalised young people in Northern Tanzania – former street children living in the town of Moshi, being cared for by an organisation called Mkombozi. The aim of the research was to investigate whether participatory radio converged with new ICTs, such as mobile telephony and the internet, could be effective communication tools to enable Mkombozi strengthen its youth empowerment and community engagement agenda and thereby help it move from being a ‘provider’ of services to a ‘facilitator’ that helps the community to bring sustainable change. The four young people who took part in the experiment were given free rein to make a radio programme about street children, backed by my technical expertise as a radio journalist. The programme was broadcast on a regional radio station and the audience was invited to take part in a live discussion using the phone, text messages and email. The results showed this to be an effective way of empowering the participants by giving them a voice to articulate their hopes and dreams, by inspiring them with self-confidence and self-respect and by allowing them to formulate their own demands for a better life. The programme they made provoked an overwhelming audience response, which connected the street children through dialogue with the community and engaged them in finding solutions to the issues themselves. Subsequently, there was a widespread consensus on the need for more participatory youth programming and investigation into how these communication tools might be developed further in order to find sustainable solutions at the grassroots level rather than through a ‘top-down’ approach.
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Antiope, Nathalie. "Radio infranationale et discursivité identitaire en milieu insulaire : Des représentations sociales aux ethnodiscours médiatiques. Le cas des Départements français d'Amérique". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422069.
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La présente recherche vise à questionner le système triadique que forment une identité culturelle, un territoire et un média au sein d'une aire géographique singulière : la Méditerranée caribéenne, et plus particulièrement les Départements français d'Amérique (DFA) que sont la Guadeloupe et la Martinique. L'essor de la société de l'information et de la communication n'ayant pas épargné ces départements, les mésocommunications et microcommunications, en tant qu'expressions alternatives aux phénomènes contemporains de globalisation, se présentent désormais comme des lieux de refondation, de (re)construction mais également de réenracinement identitaire. Dans cette dynamique, les médias infranationaux jouent un rôle central dans la matrice de construction identitaire et culturelle, et notamment la radio qui occupe une place centrale au sein de ces sociétés de l'oralité. En tant qu'objet social, nous soutenons l'hypothèse que la radio, à travers ses discours, participe à la matrice de figuration d'une identité mythifiée et au maintien de ce complexe fictionnel ayant une puissance symbolique, idéologique et sociale. Les interactions des dimensions médiatique, territoriale, culturelle et linguistique au sein d'une formation humaine donnée participant à l'élaboration d'un certain type d'énoncés médiatiques que nous avons identifiés comme étant des ethnodiscours ; des implicites communautaires d'interconnaissance manifestations médiatiques d'une conscience d'appartenance spécifique et des représentations sociospatiales, socioculturelles et sociolinguistiques que celle-ci sous-tend.
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Orozco, Graciela Leon. "The education and empowerment of immigrant Latinos through talk radio". Scholarly Commons, 2001. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2600.
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This study looks to Spanish-language radio as a culturally appropriate tool for educating immigrant adults. Recognized extensively as an effective tool for educating and empowering individuals, many consider radio the medium of choice of the less literate. This descriptive study examines the only national Spanish-language talk show in public radio, Línea Abierta , to discover the educational benefits of this program and to determine whether it contributes to the empowerment of its listeners. Thirty-five Latino immigrant adults were interviewed across three states either by phone or face-to-face utilizing a standardized interview protocol. Findings are analyzed according to the ideas of John Dewey, Paulo Freire, and Lev Vygotsky. Results of the study suggest that the program, Línea Abierta , facilitates the empowerment of its listeners by (a) contributing to increased awareness and access to information; (b) enhancing the sense of community of Latinos; and (c) providing a dialogic tool that allows people to take the initiative in adapting and transforming their lives. The data indicate that the program has made a difference in the quality of peoples' lives. The data support other studies that document the importance of maintaining and building upon the home language and culture. The program, Línea Abierta , creates Vygotskian zones of proximal development by challenging immigrant listeners to co-construct knowledge through dialogue and discussion with their peers.
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Zhang, Haijian. "Utilisation des modulations multiporteuses à base de bancs de filtres pour l'application à la radio cognitive". Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628956.
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La radio cognitive (CR) est une radio entièrement reconfigurable qui permet de changer intelligemment ses paramètres de communication en réponse à l'activité des autres réseaux radios et demandes d'utilisateur. L'objectif ultime de la CR est de permettre à l'utilisateur secondaire (SU) d'utiliser la ressource de spectre disponible sans interférer sur l'utilisateur primaire (PU) en utilisant des trous de spectre. Par conséquent, la détection du PU est l'un des défis principaux dans le développement de la CR. Par rapport aux systèmes conventionnels de communication sans fil, le système CR introduit de nouveaux problèmes d'allocation de ressource (RA) en raison de l'interférence des canaux adjacents utilisés par le SU et le PU. Dans le contexte de la CR, la plupart des efforts ont été menés sur les systèmes de CR basés sur le multiplexage par division de fréquences orthogonales (OFDM). Toutefois, la technique de l'OFDM montre quelques points faibles dans l'application à cause des remontées significatives du spectre. Les modulations multiporteuses à base de bancs de filtre (FBMC) ont été récemment proposées pour des applications de CR. Dans cette thèse, trois points importants pour le développement d'un système de CR basé sur le FBMC sont discutés.Les trois points principaux peuvent être résumés ainsi: nous examinons premièrement les problèmes de détection de spectre des signaux OFDM et FBMC en employant le détecteur de signature de cyclostationnarité (CS). En outre, nous proposons une architecture de détection multi-bande basée sur le banc de filtre polyphasé (PFB), et montrons son avantage; deuxièmement, la comparaison entre l'OFDM et le FBMC du point de vue de l'efficacité spectrale est discutée; et enfin, nous proposons un algorithme stratégique d'allocation de ressource pour les systèmes cognitifs multi-cellulaires et multi-utilisateurs.Les algorithmes proposés dans cette thèse ont été testés par simulation. Les résultats numériques prouvent que le FBMC, par opposition à l'OFDM, pourrait réaliser une efficacité spectrale plus élevée et offre un avantage attrayant dans la détection de spectre. Les contributions de cette thèse ont accru l'intérêt d'appliquer FBMC dans les systèmes de CR à l'avenir.
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Saltin, Peter. "GTRS och dess funktioner i Nordic Battlegroup 2011". Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-801.
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Denna uppsats behandlar den nya prototypen för radiosystem som tagits fram inom projektet GTRS. Systemet jämförs med det äldre taktiska radiosystemet Radio 180 för att få fram vad som egentligen skiljer mellan dessa. Därefter behandlas Nordic Battlegroup 2011, där det utreds vilka uppgifter förbandet skall klara av och några typfall baserat på uppgifterna. Uppbyggnad och funktion för förbandets sambandssystem beskrivs också där själva kommunikationsnätet från Sverige till missionsområde avhandlas. Även de olika radioapparaterna som nyttjas och deras användningsområde behandlas. Detta används senare i en analys där först radioapparaternas skillnader utreds, därefter analyseras vad införandet av detta nya radiosystem skulle innebära för förbandet Nordic Battlegroup 2011. Uppsatsen kommer fram till att även om GTRS erbjuder ett merflexibelt nät med högre dataöverföringskapacitet än Ra 180 så finns det fortfarande utvecklingspotential innan det når full duglighet. Detta beror på att övriga delar som skulle kunna dra nytta av den högre dataöverföringshastigheten ännu inte är anpassade till detta. Därför är Ra 180 med sin DART och längre räckvidd fortfarande ett gångbart system, även om GTRS möjligheter kommeratt öka i takt med att ny kringutrustning införs.
This essay discusses the new prototype radio system developed by the project GTRS. This system is compared to the older tactical radiosystem Radio 180 to research what differences there are between the two. The Nordic Battlegroup 2011 is also presented, mainly which tasks the unit is supposed to beable to handle and some likely scenarios based on these tasks. The communications systems in the unit, from headquarters in Sweden and down to soldier level are presented complete with different radios used and what their capabilities are. After that, an analysis of the differences between the two radios is made which is followed by an analysis of what the introduction of GTRS could mean for the Nordic Battlegroup 2011. This analysis looks at both the technical and the tactical implications. The essay concludes that even though GTRS provides a more flexible net with higher bandwidth than Radio 180 there still is room for improvement before it can reach full usability. This is mainly because other parts of the system that could make use of the higher bandwidth are not yet adapted to this. That is why Radio 180 with the DART and its longer range of transmission still is capable system with the exception that the possibilities of GTRS will expand when new compatible peripherals.
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Brown, DeAngelo K. "The Relationship between Mainstream Radio Music, Vulgar Lyrics, and Race and the Impact on the Criminal Black Male Stereotype". Diss., NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cahss_jhs_etd/18.
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The criminal Black male stereotype, cemented in early American literature, has been perpetuated in movies, TV shows, and now on mainstream radio. For this study, Billboard song lyrics were analyzed for three main themes—violence, misogyny, and drugs/alcohol. Billboard song rankings are based on digital download sales, radio airplay, and Internet streaming. The researcher found that the songs played on hip hop and rap genre radio stations con-tained lyrics that strongly correlated with the three themes. The researcher also examined whether a relationship existed between artist’s race and lyrics about violence, misogyny, and drugs/alcohol. Black artists comprised 48% of the artists studied; compared to White artists’ lyrics, Black artists’ lyrics contained the majority of instances of each theme. The Federal Communications Commission does not restrict vulgar lyrical content played on hip hop and rap radio stations. In addition, according to studies of media influence on the social perceptions of racial groups and history of the Black male’s role in entertainment, the mainstream radio industry selects Black artists whose lyri-cal themes show a prevalence of violence, misogyny, and drugs/alcohol.
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Senger, Saesha. "Gender, Politics, Market Segmentation, and Taste: Adult Contemporary Radio at the End of the Twentieth Century". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/150.
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This dissertation explores issues of gender politics, market segmentation, and taste through an examination of the contributions of several artists who have achieved Adult Contemporary (AC) chart success. The scope of the project is limited to a period when many artists who figured prominently in both the broader mainstream of American popular music and the more specific Adult Contemporary category were most commercially viable: from the mid-1980s through the 1990s. My contention is that, as gender politics and gendered social norms continued to change in the United States at this time, Adult Contemporary – the chart, the format, and the associated music – was an important, if overlooked or even trivialized, arena in which these shifting gender dynamics played out. This dissertation explores the significance of the Adult Contemporary format at the end of the twentieth century through analysis of chart performance, artist image, musical works, marketing, and contextual factors. By documenting these relevant social, political, economic, and musical factors, the notable role of a format and of artists neglected by scholars becomes clear.
I explore these issues in the form of lengthy case studies. Examinations of how Adult Contemporary artists such as Michael Bolton, Wilson Phillips, Matchbox Twenty, David Gray, and Mariah Carey were produced and marketed, and how their music was disseminated, illustrate record and radio industry strategies for negotiating the musical, political, and social climate of this period. Significantly, musical and lyrical analyses of songs successful on AC stations, and many of their accompanying promotional videos highlight messages about musical genre, gender, race, and age. This dissertation ultimately demonstrates that Adult Contemporary-oriented music figured significantly in the culture wars, second and third wave feminism, expressions of masculinity, Generation-X struggles, postmodern identity, and market segmentation.
This study also illustrates how the record and radio industries have managed audience composition and behavior to effectively and more predictably produce and market music in the United States. This dissertation argues that, amid broader social determinations for taste, the record industry, radio programmers, and Billboard chart compilers and writers have helped to make and reinforce certain assumptions about who listens to which music and why they do so. In addition, critics have weighed in on what different musical genres and artists have offered and for whom, often assigning higher value to music associated with certain genres, socio-political associations, and listeners while claiming over-commercialization, irrelevance, aesthetic insignificance, and bad taste for much other music.
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Florea, Alina Alexandra. "Optimisation de la transmission de phonie et vidéophonie sur les réseaux à larges bandes PMR". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TELE0006.
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Cet exposé analyse les perspectives large bande des réseaux PMR, à travers l'évaluation du candidat LTE, et la proposition d'une possible évolution du codage canal, la solution brevetée des codes turbo à protection non uniforme. Une première étude dans le chapitre 2 se concentre sur l'analyse multi-couche et l'identification des problèmes clé des communications de voix et de vidéo sur un réseau LTE professionnel. Les capacités voix et vidéo sont estimées pour les liens montant et descendant de la transmission LTE, et l'efficacité spectrale de la voix en lien descendant est comparée à celle de PMR et GSM. Ce chapitre souligne certains points clé de l'évolution de LTE. S'ils étaient pas résolus par la suite, LTE se verrait perdre de sa crédibilité en tant que candidat à l'évolution de la PMR. Une telle caractéristique clé des réseaux PMR est le codage canal à protection non uniforme, qui pourrait être adapté au système LTE pour une évolution aux contraintes de la sécurité publique. Le chapitre 3 introduit cette proposition d'évolution, qui a été brevetée: les turbo codes à protection non uniforme intégrée. Nous proposons une nouvelle approche pour le codage canal à protection non uniforme à travers les codes turbo progressives hiérarchiques. Les configurations parallèles et séries sont analysées. Les mécanismes de protection non uniformes sont intégrés dans la structure de l'encodeur même à travers l'insertion progressif et hiérarchique de nouvelles données de l'utilisateur. Le turbo décodage est modifié pour exploiter de façon optimale l'insertion progressive de données dans le processus d'encodage et estimer hiérarchiquement ces données. Les propriétés des structures parallèles et séries sont analysées à l'aide d'une analogie aux codes pilotes, ainsi qu'en regardant de plus près leurs caractéristiques de poids de codage. Le taux de transmission virtuel et les représentations des graphs factor fournissent une meilleure compréhension de ces propriétés. Les gains de codage sont évalués à l'aide de simulations numériques, en supposant des canaux de transmission radio statiques et dynamiques, et en utilisant des codes de référence. Enfin, dans le chapitre 4, l'idée breveté du code turbo parallal progressif et hiérarchique (PPHTC) est évaluée sur la plateforme LTE. Une description détaillée de l'architecture des bearers de LTE est donnée, et ses conséquences sont discutées. Le nouveau codage canal est inséré et évalué sur cette plateforme, et ses performances sont comparées avec des schémas de transmission typique à LTE. L'analyse de la qualité de la voix aide à conclure sur l'efficacité de la solution proposée dans un système de transmission réel. Pourtant, même si cette dernière donne les meilleurs résultats, d'avantage d'optimisations devraient être envisagées pour obtenir des gains améliorés et mieux exploiter le potentiel du codage proposé. L'exposé se conclut dans le chapitre 5 et une courte discussion présente les futures perspectives de rechercheThis dissertation analyzes the PMR broadband perspectives, through the evaluation of the preferred candidate, LTE, and the proposal of a possible channel coding evolution, the patented solution of unequal error protection embedded turbo codes. A first study in chapter 2 focuses on the multi-layer analysis and the identification of key issues for professional-like LTE for voice and video communications. The voice and video capacities are estimated for both downlink and uplink LTE transmissions, and the downlink LTE voice system efficiency is compared with that of the PMR and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). This chapter helps highlighting some of the key points. If not resolved, the latter could lead to the LTE downfall as a candidate for the PMR evolution. One such key characteristic of PMR systems is the unequal error protection channel coding technique, which might be adapted to the LTE technology for its evolution to public safety requirements. Chapter 3 further introduces the proposed evolution patented ideas: the unequal error protection embedded turbo codes. We propose a new approach for the unequal error protection channel coding through the progressive hierarchical turbo codes. Both parallel and serial turbo configurations are closely studied. The unequal error protection mechanisms are embedded in the encoder’s structure itself through the progressive and hierarchical insertion of new data. The turbo decoding is modified as to optimally exploit the progressive insertion of information in the encoding process and hierarchically estimate the corresponding data. Both parallel and serial configurations’ properties are analyzed using an analogy with a pilot code behavior, as well as a zoom on the weight error functions coefficients. The virtual code rate and factor graph interpretations also provide a better insight on the code properties. The code possible gains are highlighted through computer simulations in both static and dynamic transmission environments, by using carefully chosen benchmarks. Finally, in chapter 4, the patented idea of parallel progressive hierarchical turbo codes (PPHTC) is evaluated over the LTE platform. A detailed description is given of the voice transmission bearer architecture over LTE, and its consequences are discussed. The new channel code is inserted and evaluated over this platform and its performances compared with the existent LTE transmission schemes. The voice quality results help concluding on the efficiency of the proposed solution in a real transmission scenario. However, even though the newly presented solution gives the best results, further system optimizations should be envisaged for obtaining better gains and exploit the parallel progressive hierarchical turbo codes potential. The dissertation concludes in chapter 5 and a short discussion is given on future research perspectives
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Florea, Alina Alexandra. "Optimisation de la transmission de phonie et vidéophonie sur les réseaux à larges bandes PMR". Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873686.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Cet exposé analyse les perspectives large bande des réseaux PMR, à travers l'évaluation du candidat LTE, et la proposition d'une possible évolution du codage canal, la solution brevetée des codes turbo à protection non uniforme. Une première étude dans le chapitre 2 se concentre sur l'analyse multi-couche et l'identification des problèmes clé des communications de voix et de vidéo sur un réseau LTE professionnel. Les capacités voix et vidéo sont estimées pour les liens montant et descendant de la transmission LTE, et l'efficacité spectrale de la voix en lien descendant est comparée à celle de PMR et GSM. Ce chapitre souligne certains points clé de l'évolution de LTE. S'ils étaient pas résolus par la suite, LTE se verrait perdre de sa crédibilité en tant que candidat à l'évolution de la PMR. Une telle caractéristique clé des réseaux PMR est le codage canal à protection non uniforme, qui pourrait être adapté au système LTE pour une évolution aux contraintes de la sécurité publique. Le chapitre 3 introduit cette proposition d'évolution, qui a été brevetée: les turbo codes à protection non uniforme intégrée. Nous proposons une nouvelle approche pour le codage canal à protection non uniforme à travers les codes turbo progressives hiérarchiques. Les configurations parallèles et séries sont analysées. Les mécanismes de protection non uniformes sont intégrés dans la structure de l'encodeur même à travers l'insertion progressif et hiérarchique de nouvelles données de l'utilisateur. Le turbo décodage est modifié pour exploiter de façon optimale l'insertion progressive de données dans le processus d'encodage et estimer hiérarchiquement ces données. Les propriétés des structures parallèles et séries sont analysées à l'aide d'une analogie aux codes pilotes, ainsi qu'en regardant de plus près leurs caractéristiques de poids de codage. Le taux de transmission virtuel et les représentations des graphs factor fournissent une meilleure compréhension de ces propriétés. Les gains de codage sont évalués à l'aide de simulations numériques, en supposant des canaux de transmission radio statiques et dynamiques, et en utilisant des codes de référence. Enfin, dans le chapitre 4, l'idée breveté du code turbo parallal progressif et hiérarchique (PPHTC) est évaluée sur la plateforme LTE. Une description détaillée de l'architecture des bearers de LTE est donnée, et ses conséquences sont discutées. Le nouveau codage canal est inséré et évalué sur cette plateforme, et ses performances sont comparées avec des schémas de transmission typique à LTE. L'analyse de la qualité de la voix aide à conclure sur l'efficacité de la solution proposée dans un système de transmission réel. Pourtant, même si cette dernière donne les meilleurs résultats, d'avantage d'optimisations devraient être envisagées pour obtenir des gains améliorés et mieux exploiter le potentiel du codage proposé. L'exposé se conclut dans le chapitre 5 et une courte discussion présente les futures perspectives de recherche
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Kutinlahti, Sonja, e Björn Persson. "It is not about what you say,it is about how you say it : An analysis model on storytelling in radio documentaries". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Journalistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33041.
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This bachelor’s essay sets to create a prototype analysis model that can be used to analyse radio documentaries. The purpose is to develop a new tool to understand radio documentary storytelling from a listener’s perspective.To create the analysis model we have used Mia Lindgren’s doctoral thesis Journalism as research: Developing radio documentary theory from practice (2011) and film theorist Bill Nichols Introduction to Documentary (2010).The result, a prototype of an analysis model, is a list of questions that is to be used with the help of the essays theory chapter. In short the model looks at the aspects of the story idea, motif, scenes, sounds, narrator, music, interviews, dramaturgy and the six modes of documentary storytelling as explained by Bill Nichols.The analysis model is then tested, with aim to find ways to improve it in future research. The test takes form as two analyses of two radio documentaries, Granaten Excalibur - och den svenska vapenexporten by Måns Mosesson and The Rhino Hunter by Simon Adler.The results of the test shows that the analysis model functions well in giving insight to the storytelling of the analysed radio documentaries. Though, the test also shows that the analysis model has to be complemented with deeper explanations of dramaturgy, scenes, music and narrator. Also, the used film theory by Bill Nichols has to be tested on more radio content to determine its functionality on radio.In conclusion the research shows that the analysis model works and can be tested on more material and developed further.
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Korolija, Natascha. "Episodes in talk : Constructing coherence in multiparty conversation". Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1998. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp98/arts171s.htm.
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NICOLAS, Charbel. "Sur l'adaptation au contexte des réseaux de capteurs sans fil". Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00762223.
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Mobiles, pouvant changer d'environnements au cours du temps, et de milieu pour la transmission des données et de forme de topologie, les capteurs doivent s'adapter au contexte où ils se trouvent afin d'optimiser les mécanismes qu'ils mettent en œuvre. Dans la première partie, nous proposons un mécanisme pour adapter l'architecture d'un réseau de capteurs dynamiquement en fonction du contexte et comprenant la détection dynamique d'un changement de contexte, la détection dynamique du nouveau, l'adaptation dynamique au niveau des trois couches responsables de la gestion des liens de communication en conséquence, le tout sous contrainte de consommation d'énergie. Le travail mené dans cette première partie a d'emblée posé la question de la détection du contexte. C'est une question assez difficile car elle est mal définie. L'objet de la deuxième partie est d'aborder la reconnaissance à la volée de la technologie utilisée par les réseaux émettant du trafic concurrent au réseau de capteurs. Le mécanisme proposé, FIM, identifie la cause d'interférences à partir de modèles d'erreurs observées dans les paquets de données. La détection du contexte permet aux nœuds du réseau de capteurs d'obtenir des informations sur l'environnement. Certains nœuds doivent avoir une connaissance plus fiable de l'environnement que d'autres. Comment récupérer l'information de nœuds voisins, sélectionner ceux de qui on la récupère et ne garder que ce qui nous semble sûr et utile sont les questions qui sont abordées dans la troisième partie. Nous proposons un mécanisme qui permet de décider dynamiquement si des mécanismes de docition doivent être utilisés ou pas
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Rossi, Gustaf. ""Several media reports today" – A comparative analysis of discursive practices within Swedish immigration critical media and public service media". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22562.
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Syftet med den här masteruppsatsen är att förstå nyhetsdiskurser i public service och invandringskritiska alternativmedier i Sverige. Uppsatsen fokuserar på hur de fyra största politiska partierna behandlar invandringsfrågan månaden före det riksdagsvalet 2018. Uppsatsen syftar mot att förstå skillnader och likheter i diskursiva praktiker om invandringsfrågan i två public service medier (Sveriges Television och Sveriges Radio) samt två invandringskritiska alternativmedier (Fria Tider och Nyheter Idag), och för att undersöka hur detta kan kopplas till minskat förtroende i traditionella medier.Uppsatsen grundar analysen på diskursteori av Fairclough i sammanhanhet av minskat förtroende för traditionella nyhetsmedier. För analys av resultaten används gestaltningteorin och dagordningsteorin, tillsammans med teorier om kommersialiserad journalistik.Metoderna som används är en kritisk diskursanalys baserad på Faircloughs tredimensionella modell, tillsammans med en retorisk analys som appliceras på Faircloughs textnivå. Dessa metoder användes på tolv medietexter som handlade om samma nyhet under augusti 2018.Resultaten visade en Överlägsenhetsdiskurs, där de invandringskritiska medierna intar en roll som överlägnsa de andra deltagarna i det politiska "spelet". Jag presebterar också en erkännandediskurs för att förklara en tredimensionell modell som innehåller politiker i botten, traditionella medier på andra nivån och invandringskritiska medier på toppen. Den sista diskursen är en "Vänskaps"-diskurs där de invandringskritiska medierna intar en "vänskaplig" roll mot andra aktörer i det politiska spelet, vilket ytterligare expanderar på teorier om politisk nyhetsjournalistik som ett spel.Framtida forskning kan riktas mot att bredda analysen och inkludera flera sorters alternativa medier, utföras i andra länder eller utveckla den model jag presenterar.The aim of this master’s thesis is to understand news discursive practices in public service and the immigration critical alternative media of Sweden. The thesis focus on how the four largest political parties addresses the topic of immigration the month before the Swedish election in 2018. The thesis aims at identifying and understanding similarities and differences in the discursive construction of immigration as a political topic in two public service media (Sveriges Television and Sveriges Radio) and two immigration critical alternative media (Fria Tider and Nyheter Idag), and to examine how this connects to the diminished trust in mainstream media.The thesis bases the analysis on discourse theory by Fairclough, and the context of distrust in traditional news media. To analyze the result, framing and agenda setting theories are used along with the theory of commercialized journalism.The methods used are a Critical Discourse Analysis based on Fairclough’s model supported by a rhetorical analysis which is applied on the text layer in Fairclough’s model. These methods are applied to a total of twelve media texts that covered the same stories during August of 2018.The results showed a superiority discourse where the immigration critical media enters a role of superior to other actors in the political “game”. I also present an acknowledgement discourse to support a three-level model, which consists of politics at the bottom, the mainstream media on the second level, and the alternative media on the top. The final discourse is the “Friendship” discourse where immigration critical media takes on a “friendship” role towards other actors in the political game, to further expand upon political journalism as a game.Future research could be aimed at widening the analysis to cover other forms of alternative media, be placed in other countries, or develop the model I propose.
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ARTAZ, Roberto. "Collecting effectively information from people in web: a marketing challenge for social sciences". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/26709.
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The aim of this research is to discuss how to effectively increase survey response and retention rates in online panels, a burning issue which can be viewed as a marketing problem in the social sciences. The author firstly considers the theory behind the methods for motivating people to participate in a survey, to respond and to remain for the full duration of a study. Then three hypotheses are formulated and tested in order to investigate the effects of combined strategies on participation and attrition. By means of a web-based panel experiment the research draws the attention to empirical evidence of phenomena that could be exploited in order to increase survey response and panel retention rates, namely the respondent tendency to lie and the trend of his trust in the inquirers. In order to enhance the construct validity a quantitative experiment and a qualitative research are integrated in a mixed approach design. The findings suggest that the trend of dropout is weaker when the relationship with the inquirers is framed as based on something like reciprocity than when it isn’t. Furthermore increasing tendency to lie in completing the questionnaire and diminishing declared trust in survey authors and sponsors seem to work as effective predictors of dropouts and non-responses in following experiment waves. And so two indices are proposed that can help panel managers to monitor the willingness to respond: the Pinocchio Ratio and the Candide Ratio. In short the research implies that stressing the reciprocity features of relationship can’t increase survey response but can reduce panel attrition in web-based studies. Moreover it points out that the more respondents tend to lie, the less they are willing to participate in following panel waves. Furthermore the less inquirers enjoy the trust of people under investigations, the more panelists are likely to drop out and to non-respond.
Nevertheless this study with the reported online experiment is not without limitations: on the one hand having recourse to all the members of a sub-population and not to a probability sample of the overall population may weaken the chance of generalize the findings. On the other hand using different amount of questionnaires and diverse intervals between waves and reminders could affect the results.
The main practical implication for marketing research and social sciences investigations at-large lies in the remark that reciprocity framework used as incentive doesn’t seem to be very effective in increasing response rate of one-time survey: therefore spending on implementation could be deemed unnecessary to do. On the contrary, in panels where the relationship with the inquirers is framed as based on reciprocity something happens. So it’s worthwhile considering the possibility of inserting in online questionnaires some items that can provide answers which work as predictors of future dropouts or non-responses. These items enable inquirers to monitor willingness to respond through the proposed indices and allow panel managers to intervene promptly in order to limit attrition.
The originality and the value of the study come from the choice made by the author of collecting and processing a large e-mails data bank that represents an overall sub-population with some descriptive characteristics well known. In fact the previous knowledge of some respondent’s socio-demographic aspects enabled an easier analysis of lies which was added to the estimate of declared trust: that allowed the construction of the two indices working as predictors, namely the Pinocchio Ratio and the Candide Ratio.
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Renoux, Jean Louis. "LES REGULATIONS DE LA RELATION D'EMPLOI DANS LES MÉDIAS FRANÇAIS". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00669626.
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À partir de l'étude des relations d'emploi spécifiques au secteur des médias, l'intermittence et la pige, la recherche explore les transformations de la relation d'emploi et les modalités de sa structuration. Au moyen d'une étude sectorielle des relations professionnelles des médias, la recherche interroge l'ensemble des conduites et des institutions de la relation d'emploi de ce secteur à tous les niveaux de socialisation. Les enquêtes mettent en évidence les capacités des acteurs à réguler conjointement l'emploi et l'allocation du travail lors des réorganisations ou restructurations. Les régulations conjointes de la relation d'emploi sont retrouvées dans les collectifs de travail, les entreprises et au niveau national, la persistance des régulations confirme leur institutionnalisation lors des négociations sur l'emploi. Les régulations sont différenciées selon 5 modalités de structuration qui se retrouvent dans toutes les activités des médias. Les conditions et les dynamiques des régulations de la relation d'emploi constituent les principaux résultats de cette recherche, elles montrent l'hybridation des relations d'emploi et les modifications des rôles des trois acteurs des relations professionnelles.
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Rancourt, Marie-Laurence. "Archéologie de la radio comme dimension constitutive de l'espace public et culturel québécois : une contribution à la critique de la radio de Radio-Canada". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27261.
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Dans ce mémoire, nous nous appuierons sur les concepts d'espace public et de culture pour penser le rôle de la radio publique d'expression francophone du Québec. D'abord, nous entendons faire ressortir la complémentarité entre les positions théoriques de Jürgen Habermas et Hannah Arendt au sujet de l'espace public et de la culture. L'objectif est de montrer que leur pensée respective permet de jeter un regard neuf sur l'objet radiophonique. Notre projet est donc d'approcher cette figure à travers le prisme de la pensée conceptuelle d'intellectuels intéressés par les médias et porteurs d'un projet d'émancipation politique et sociale fondée sur la délibération, le dialogue, l'apprentissage et la critique. Ceci, en plus d'une reconstitution historique des origines de la radio de Radio-Canada, nous permettra de suggérer un idéal radiophonique duquel nous pourrons évaluer les conséquences la disparition de la Chaîne culturelle de Radio-Canada, survenue en 2004. Finalement, notre travail va dans le sens d'une théorie critique de la radio publique québécoise, le rapport de l'institution à la culture ayant changé, comme en témoigne l'analyse des mutations de son rôle dans l'espace public. Mots clés : Jürgen Habermas, Hannah Arendt, Radio-Canada, espace public, culture
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Österberg, Andreas. "Katalogisering av ljudupptagningar : En komparativ studie av Statens ljud- och Bildarkiv och Sveriges Radios grammofonarkiv". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16355.
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The aim of this thesis is to explore and outline the cataloguing of sound recordings at two main Swedish audiovisual archives, The National Archive of Recorded Sound and Moving Images Statens ljud- och bildarkiv, SLBA and The Grammophone Record Archive of the Swedish Radio Sveriges Radios grammofonarkiv and its data base GAMBA. As non-book, non-printed, material in many ways differs from printed material, the institutions that deal with this kind of material have often developed their own rules for the cataloguing of it. The general codes for cataloguing, AACR2 and KRS, are insufficiently suited for audiovisual material. That is the reason why the IASA Cataloguing Rules, presented in this thesis, have been created. After the presentation of the IASA rules the problems of accounting for important sections of the catalogue record are discussed such as title, statement of respeonsbility, performers, physical description and notes. The two archives in question are then presented. Of those the SLBA has developed its own version of the IASA Cataloguing Rules and the Grammophone Record Archive works according to its own system. The SLBA version is first compared to the KRS, after which a comparative study is made of the cataloguing of six different sound recordings. In order to deepen the analysis a study is made of how well the catalogue records match the FRBR requirements on information standards with the purpose of making it possible to find and to identify the information required. The study shows that GAMBA to a slightly higher degree meets these requirements as their catalogue records offer more detailed information. The SLBA catalogue records would be insufficient for the users of GAMBA and the two archives would not be able to use each others systems while the needs of the users are different. In conclusion this study illustrates the difficulty in developing a general standard, suitable for every type of archive for this kind of material.Uppsatsnivå: D
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Selmi, Ikhlas. "Optimisation de l'infrastructure d'un système de positionnement indoor à base de transmetteurs GNSS". Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919772.
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Dans le but de fournir un service GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) de localisation continu et disponible partout, les systèmes utilisant des pseudolites et des répéteurs semblent être des solutions pertinentes pour la localisation en indoor. Le système à répélites, inspiré de ces deux méthodes (répéteurs et pseudolites), est aussi proposé pour résoudre cette problématique. Les répélites sont des transmetteurs locaux qui, installés en intérieur, formeront une constellation locale. Ils émettent tous un signal GNSS unique mais déphasé par un délai spécifique à chacun d'eux. Ces délais sont nécessaires pour distinguer les différents signaux reçus au niveau du récepteur. Les travaux de cette thèses sont réalisés dans le cadre du système à répélites et dans l'objectif d'améliorer son architecture et de réduire ses interférences inter-système. En effet, l'architecture du système (un peu encombrante) et les interférences éventuelles avec les signaux satellitaires reçus par un récepteur placé à l'extérieur font partie des inconvénients de ce système. On cherche donc à traiter ces deux difficultés de façon à minimiser leurs effets. Dans une première partie, on étudie les différents codes GNSS existants dans la littérature ainsi que les techniques de modulation employées. Ceci nous mène à proposer des codes ayant un niveau d'interférence équivalent à la référence GPS (obtenue entre deux codes GPS) pour les bandes L1 de GPS et G1 de Glonass. Dans une seconde étape, on développe la modulation IMBOC (Indoor Modified Binary Offset Carrier) pour générer de nouveaux codes caractérisés par des niveaux d'interférence réduits (comparés à la référence GPS). Parmi ces codes il y a deux catégories : ceux qui sont adaptés aux systèmes à répélites (émettant un code unique) et ceux qui sont adaptés aux systèmes pseudolites. Une étude théorique et des simulations des niveaux d'interférences pour les codes émis dans la bande GPS et Glonass sont réalisées pour déterminer les gains en termes de niveaux de bruit. Ce gain (par rapport à la référence GPS) en puissance d'interférence s'élève à 16 dB pour Glonass et 20 dB pour GPS. Pour valider les performances de ces codes, on génère les signaux IMBOC et on observe les interférences réelles qu'ils induisent sur un récepteur GPS recevant un signal satellitaire. Dans la deuxième partie, on utilise la fibre optique pour transmettre le signal du générateur jusqu'aux répélites et pour créer les délais initiaux par propagation du signal dans des bobines de fibre. Ainsi on remplace les câbles coaxiaux et les montages électroniques (de déphasage) par des bobines de fibres plus légères, facile à installer et à faible perte de puissance. Il reste cependant à évaluer avec une précision centimétrique les délais réels induits sur chaque signal dans le but de garantir une précision de localisation inférieure au mètre. Cette précision semble en effet représenter un bon compromis entre complexité globale du système de localisation et réponse à un ensemble suffisant de besoins des utilisateurs potentiels. On développe alors une technique d'estimation des délais basée sur la mesure de déphasage (entre deux signaux sinusoïdaux) et une analyse statistique des séries de mesures. Pour finir, on présente quelques résultats de localisation obtenus avec notre système à répélites déployé dans un environnement indoor typique
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Selmi, Ikhlas. "Optimisation de l'infrastructure d'un système de positionnement indoor à base de transmetteurs GNSS". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TELE0024.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Dans le but de fournir un service GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) de localisation continu et disponible partout, les systèmes utilisant des pseudolites et des répéteurs semblent être des solutions pertinentes pour la localisation en indoor. Le système à répélites, inspiré de ces deux méthodes (répéteurs et pseudolites), est aussi proposé pour résoudre cette problématique. Les répélites sont des transmetteurs locaux qui, installés en intérieur, formeront une constellation locale. Ils émettent tous un signal GNSS unique mais déphasé par un délai spécifique à chacun d’eux. Ces délais sont nécessaires pour distinguer les différents signaux reçus au niveau du récepteur. Les travaux de cette thèses sont réalisés dans le cadre du système à répélites et dans l’objectif d’améliorer son architecture et de réduire ses interférences inter-système. En effet, l’architecture du système (un peu encombrante) et les interférences éventuelles avec les signaux satellitaires reçus par un récepteur placé à l’extérieur font partie des inconvénients de ce système. On cherche donc à traiter ces deux difficultés de façon à minimiser leurs effets. Dans une première partie, on étudie les différents codes GNSS existants dans la littérature ainsi que les techniques de modulation employées. Ceci nous mène à proposer des codes ayant un niveau d’interférence équivalent à la référence GPS (obtenue entre deux codes GPS) pour les bandes L1 de GPS et G1 de Glonass. Dans une seconde étape, on développe la modulation IMBOC (Indoor Modified Binary Offset Carrier) pour générer de nouveaux codes caractérisés par des niveaux d’interférence réduits (comparés à la référence GPS). Parmi ces codes il y a deux catégories : ceux qui sont adaptés aux systèmes à répélites (émettant un code unique) et ceux qui sont adaptés aux systèmes pseudolites. Une étude théorique et des simulations des niveaux d’interférences pour les codes émis dans la bande GPS et Glonass sont réalisées pour déterminer les gains en termes de niveaux de bruit. Ce gain (par rapport à la référence GPS) en puissance d’interférence s’élève à 16 dB pour Glonass et 20 dB pour GPS. Pour valider les performances de ces codes, on génère les signaux IMBOC et on observe les interférences réelles qu’ils induisent sur un récepteur GPS recevant un signal satellitaire. Dans la deuxième partie, on utilise la fibre optique pour transmettre le signal du générateur jusqu’aux répélites et pour créer les délais initiaux par propagation du signal dans des bobines de fibre. Ainsi on remplace les câbles coaxiaux et les montages électroniques (de déphasage) par des bobines de fibres plus légères, facile à installer et à faible perte de puissance. Il reste cependant à évaluer avec une précision centimétrique les délais réels induits sur chaque signal dans le but de garantir une précision de localisation inférieure au mètre. Cette précision semble en effet représenter un bon compromis entre complexité globale du système de localisation et réponse à un ensemble suffisant de besoins des utilisateurs potentiels. On développe alors une technique d’estimation des délais basée sur la mesure de déphasage (entre deux signaux sinusoïdaux) et une analyse statistique des séries de mesures. Pour finir, on présente quelques résultats de localisation obtenus avec notre système à répélites déployé dans un environnement indoor typiqueIn order to make the GNSS positioning service continuous and available when going from an outdoor to an indoor environment, pseudolite and repeater based systems have been developed. A new system called repealite is a combination of both pseudolites and repeaters. It is based on transmitting a single signal through a set of transmitters (thus creating the local constellation). In order to avoid interference between the repealite signals and to distinguish between them at the receiver’s end, each signal is shifted with a specific delay. The research carried out in this PhD aims at optimizing two aspects of the repealite based system. Firstly, we need to mitigate the effect of the interference caused on the satellite signals received outdoors. So we decided to design new codes characterized by low interference levels with outdoor signals. Secondly, we worked on the infrastructure part in order to simplify it and to make it easier to install: this is mainly achieved through the use of optical fibers. In the first part, we study the codes and the modulation techniques currently used in the GNSS systems. Then, we propose a few codes having an interference level equivalent to that of the GPS (obtained when computing two GPS codes). These new codes are compatible with the GPS L1 or the Glonass G1 bands. In a second step, we focus on the modulation techniques and create the so-called IMBOC (Indoor Modified Binary Offset Carrier) that aims at minimizing the interference levels with outdoor signals. With this modulation, we propose new IMBOC codes capable of much lower interference levels than the GPS reference. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed codes, we carried out a theoretical study, simulations and experimental tests. The interference gain reached about 20 dB on the GPS band and 16 dB on the Glonass one. The proposed codes are divided into two categories: those reserved to the repealite system (using a single code) and families of codes suited to pseudolite–based systems. Finally, we generated the IMBOC signals modulated by the new codes and tested the real interference induced on an outdoor receiver tracking the satellite signals. In the second part, we use optical fibers in order to replace the coaxial cables used to transmit signals from the GNSS-like signal generator to the repealites. In addition, the initial delay needed for each repealite is added by propagating the signals through rolls of fibers. Indeed, optical fiber offers advantages such as lightness, flexibility and low power loss that make it suitable to simplify the infrastructure of the system. In order to evaluate the real delays of these various fibers, we develop an estimating method based on phase shift measurements (between two sinusoidal signals) and statistical analysis of the series of measurements. This method should have uncertainties lower than one centimeter in order to insure a sub-meter precision (in absolute positioning with the repealite positioning system). In order to validate this method, we compare it to a GNSS based calibration approach. Finally, we carry out a few positioning tests with the repealite positioning system deployed in a typical indoor environment. These tests deal with absolute and relative positioning and give an idea about the system’s performance
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Leitch, Shirley R. "Unemployment in New Zealand, 1981-1983: a study of the presentation by radio, television and the press of a major social problem". Thesis, University of Auckland, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2451.
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In New Zealand there is a marked scarcity of material on the workings of the indigenous news media. This thesis is intended to partially fill the large gap in New Zealand scholarship in this area. It provides a case study of the production of meaning by mainstream New Zealand news media organisations. Its purpose is to explicate the dominant messages in circulation from 1981 through 1983 regarding unemployment. The neutral face of the news discourse is shown to conceal the routinized signification practices of journalistic professionalism. These practices act to separate the normative from the deviant. They also serve the interests of society's established and legitimated institutions. This process was aided by the simplistic, as opposed to simplified, nature of news media presentations.
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Knighton, Ryan. "The Use of Progressive-Ratio Schedules to Assess Negative Reinforcers". DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1323.
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We used a combined multi-element, ABCBC reversal design to examine whether qualities of various negative reinforcers can be assessed under progressive-ratio schedules. Two adults with disabilities participated in this study. We assessed five sounds three times using progressive-ratio schedules to obtain mean break points for each stimulus and ranked negative reinforcers according to their mean break points. We called the stimulus with the highest mean break point the high-quality escape (HQE) stimulus and the stimulus with the lowest break point the low-quality escape (LQE) stimulus and examined responding according to different schedules of reinforcement for each stimulus: FR2, FR4, and FR8 for Jenny and FR1 and FR11 for April. We identified preferred and nonpreferred sounds for both participants.We observed differential responding for both participants between preferred and nonpreferred sounds. We observed differential responding between HQE and LQE stimuli for April but not for Jenny; a larger range in break points was observed for April. These results demonstrate a method to identify preferred and nonpreferred sounds and provide support for the possibility of using progressive-ratio schedules to rank negative reinforcers of various qualities.
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Botero, Oscar. "Heterogeneous RFID framework design, analysis and evaluation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TELE0011.
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Le paradigme de l'Internet des choses établit l'interaction et la communication avec une énorme quantité d'acteurs. Le concept combine un grand nombre de technologies et de protocoles et des adaptations des éléments préexistants pour offrir de nouveaux services et applications. Une des technologies clés de l'Internet des objets est l'identification par radiofréquence abrégée en anglais RFID («Radio Frequency Identification»). Elle propose un ensemble de solutions qui permettent le suivi et la traçabilité des personnes, des animaux et pratiquement n'importe quel objet en utilisant des liaisons sans fil. En considérant le concept de l'Internet des choses, plusieurs technologies doivent être liées afin de fournir des interactions qui conduisent à la mise en œuvre de services et d'applications. Le défi est que ces technologies ne sont pas nécessairement compatibles et conçues pour fonctionner ensemble. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est de concevoir un « framework » hétérogène qui permettra l'interaction de divers dispositifs tels que la RFID, des capteurs et des actionneurs afin de fournir de nouvelles applications et de services. À cet effet, notre première contribution est la conception et l'analyse d'une architecture d'intégration pour les dispositifs hétérogènes. Dans la seconde contribution, nous proposons un modèle d'évaluation de la topologie RFID et un outil d'optimisation pour la planification de réseaux de cette technologie. Enfin, nous avons implémenté une version simplifiée du framework en utilisant du matériel embarqué et indicateurs de performance sont fournis ainsi que la configuration détaillée de la plateforme de testThe Internet of Things paradigm establishes interaction and communication with a huge amount of actors. The concept is not a new-from-scratch one; actually, it combines a vast number of technologies and protocols and surely adaptations of pre-existing elements to offer new services and applications. One of the key technologies of the Internet of Things is the Radio Frequency Identification just abbreviated RFID. This technology proposes a set of solutions that allow tracking and tracing persons, animals and practically any item wirelessly. Considering the Internet of Things concept, multiple technologies need to be linked in order to provide interactions that lead to the implementation of services and applications. The challenge is that these technologies are not necessarily compatible and designed to work with other technologies. Within this context, the main objective of this thesis is to design a heterogeneous framework that will permit the interaction of diverse devices such as RFID, sensors and actuators in order to provide new applications and services. For this purpose in this work, our first contribution is the design and analysis of an integration architecture for heterogeneous devices. In the second contribution, we propose an evaluation model for RFID topologies and an optimization tool that assists in the RFID network planning process. Finally, in our last contribution, we implemented a simplified version of the framework by using embedded hardware and performance metrics are provided as well as the detailed configuration of the test platform
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Francisco, Monica T. "Evaluation of absolute and relative reinforcer value using progressive ratio schedules". Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/672.
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We evaluated behavior exhibited by individuals with developmental disabilities using progressive ratio schedules. High- and low-preferred stimuli were determined based on the results of a paired-stimulus preference assessment and were evaluated in subsequent reinforcer and progressive ratio assessments using concurrent- and single-operant schedules of presentation in a modified reversal design. Results showed that for two participants, stimuli determined to be low-preferred via a preference assessment functioned as reinforcers when evaluated independently of high-preferred stimuli and under gradually increasing response requirements. The results suggest that for cases in which a high-preferred stimulus is unavailable or unfeasible, the contingent delivery of relatively less-preferred stimuli may maintain appropriate behavior, even as response effort is increased. In addition, results of the progressive ratio evaluation are suggestive of stimulus value.
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Botero, Oscar. "Heterogeneous RFID framework design, analysis and evaluation". Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00714120.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The Internet of Things paradigm establishes interaction and communication with a huge amount of actors. The concept is not a new-from-scratch one; actually, it combines a vast number of technologies and protocols and surely adaptations of pre-existing elements to offer new services and applications. One of the key technologies of the Internet of Things is the Radio Frequency Identification just abbreviated RFID. This technology proposes a set of solutions that allow tracking and tracing persons, animals and practically any item wirelessly. Considering the Internet of Things concept, multiple technologies need to be linked in order to provide interactions that lead to the implementation of services and applications. The challenge is that these technologies are not necessarily compatible and designed to work with other technologies. Within this context, the main objective of this thesis is to design a heterogeneous framework that will permit the interaction of diverse devices such as RFID, sensors and actuators in order to provide new applications and services. For this purpose in this work, our first contribution is the design and analysis of an integration architecture for heterogeneous devices. In the second contribution, we propose an evaluation model for RFID topologies and an optimization tool that assists in the RFID network planning process. Finally, in our last contribution, we implemented a simplified version of the framework by using embedded hardware and performance metrics are provided as well as the detailed configuration of the test platform
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Oliveira, Edilene Mafra Mendes de. "A divulgação científica radiofônica em tempos de Internet: um estudo das adaptações do Rádio com Ciência ao ambiente da web". Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2011. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2757.
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Previous issue date: 2011-12-15This dissertation presents reflections on the relationship between radio and science. About the radio, it evaluates the processes of autopoiesis (Maturana and Varela, 1972) and radiomorphosis (Prata, 2009) in the different adaptations of this communication medium to its environment, according to the historical moment and technological advents. Concerning to the scientific communication applied to the radio, it proposes the use of radio language and consolidated radio genres, besides to the emerging on the Internet, as the electronic address suggested by Prata (2009) in his study about web radio. The purpose of the research was to verify how the transformations in radio phonic scientific communication on the Internet occurred. To do so, it was chosen the Radio as Science (Radiophonic project of scientific communication that offers radio phonic productions on the Internet in podcast format) as the corpus of analysis, with content analysis as the method of approach. It was analyzed eight radio phonic productions from Radio as Science, which demonstrated the technological adaptations to which the project passed by, since the production processes and availability of contents to the use of radio language and radio genres, including its adaptations to the Internet, both applied to the scientific communication. It was also necessary to seek theoretical subsidies to the understanding of scientific communication and of its specificities applied to the radio. As a result, it was identified that radio scientific communication, considering the Internet era, gets the dynamics of web radio and its new facets as text and imaging elements, increasing the approach to the Internet listener and generating new perspectives to the scientific communication in the interactive multimedia era.
Esta dissertação apresenta reflexões sobre as relações entre rádio e ciência. Sobre o rádio, avalia os processos de autopoiese (Maturana e Varela, 1972) e radiomorfose (Prata, 2009) nas diversas adaptações deste meio de comunicação ao seu ambiente, de acordo com o momento histórico e os adventos tecnológicos. Quanto à divulgação científica aplicada ao rádio, propõe a utilização da linguagem radiofônica e dos gêneros radiofônicos consolidados, além dos que emergem na internet, como o endereço eletrônico sugerido por Prata (2009) em seu estudo sobre webradio. O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar como se deram as transformações da divulgação científica radiofônica na internet. Para tanto escolheu-se o Rádio com Ciência (projeto radiofônico de divulgação científica que oferece produções radiofônicas na internet em formato de podcast) como corpus de análise, tendo a análise de conteúdo como método de abordagem. Foram analisadas oito produções radiofônicas do Rádio com Ciência, que demonstraram as adaptações tecnológicas pelas quais o projeto passou, desde os processos de produção e disponibilização do conteúdo até a utilização da linguagem radiofônica e dos gêneros radiofônicos, incluindo suas adaptações à internet, ambos aplicados à divulgação científica. Também se fez necessário buscar subsídios teóricos para a compreensão da divulgação científica e de suas especificidades aplicadas ao rádio. Como resultado, identificou-se que a divulgação científica radiofônica em tempos de internet ganha a dinâmica do rádio na web e suas novas facetas como elementos imagéticos e textuais, aumentando a aproximação com o ouvinte/internauta e gerando novas perspectivas para a divulgação científica na era da interatividade multimidiática.
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Gbadamosi, Waidi Alani. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Banks in the United States". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2212.
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Corporate social responsibility has evolved as a business strategy, but the business worth of voluntary social conduct has not been well understood. The contradictory research findings mean that social performance is not maximized, which constrains economic growth and sustainable development. Grounded by stakeholder theory, this correlational study was aimed at examining the effect of social responsibility factors on the market-based Fama-French cost of capital. Within a sample of 71 United States banks, the publicly available ethical ratings, financial data, and stock market data were analyzed using multiple regression models. Contrary to the positive effect of social conduct on financial performance common in the literature, this study revealed no significant effect of social factors on the accounting returns, and, consequently, the shareholders perceived the social activities as risky and therefore demanded higher returns. The study also showed that governance, diversity, and employee relation were positively related to accounting returns while product and community factors were negatively related to profits. The implied higher cost of raising equity finance following engagement in social activities is a lesson for corporate managers to exercise caution in their social conduct and carry the investors along. Such inclusive policy could help to minimize investor bias and moderate their consequential adverse reactions to well-intentioned corporate actions. This research contributes to positive social change by assisting the bank managers, directors, investors, regulators, and government in improving the discharge of their respective roles to ensure optimal allocation of resources to competing social activities in a manner that may maximize performance and improve the overall stakeholder wellbeing.
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Luo, Dan, e Yajing Ran. "Micro Drivers behind the Changes of CET1 Capital Ratio : An empirical analysis based on the results of EU-wide stress test". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44140.
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Background: Stress tests have been increasingly used as a part of the supervisory tool by national regulators after the financial crisis, which can also be used to conduct authorities’ supervisory for determining bank capital levels, assessing the health of a bank. Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to assess whether some micro factors play important roles on the changes of Common Equity Tier One Capital Ratio (between the bank accounting value and the stress testing results under the adverse scenarios). Our secondary purpose is to investigate if our empirical results will help to provide some theoretical suggestions to regulators when they exercise stress tests. Method: An empirical analysis by using Panel Data, introducing GARCH model to measure volatility. Empirical foundation: The results of EU-wide stress tests and bank financial statements Conclusion: The coefficient associated with non-performing loans to total loans is positively significant and the coefficient associated with bank size is negatively significant. In addition, the financial system of strong banks is better to absorb financial shocks. These findings are useful, as banks is a reflection of the financial stability of an economic entity, we can use these findings as another reason to pay attention to the process of the stress testing rather just stress testing results.
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Beteinaki, Eleftheria. "Structures, processes and outcomes in preschool units with high and low proportions of second language learners of Swedish : A Comparative Study". Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Jönköping University, HLK, CHILD, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49627.
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Second language learners (SLLs) are students at risk for negative outcomes in preschool. Theoretical statements from systems theory and the ecological model of inclusive education indicate that a main focus of interest when supporting children should be the preschool environment that surrounds them. The purpose of this study is to describe and compare structures and processes in preschool settings that are presupposed by theory to have an impact on children’s functioning, along with children’s outcomes in preschool units with different proportions of SLLs. A combination of questionnaire data and data from observations were used in order to describe and compare the structure of child-teacher ratio, the process-related variables of teachers’ tone, children’s proximity and verbal interaction and lastly the outcomes of involvement and social interactions in different play types between the units. Data were analyzed with independent sample t-tests and the results revealed that units with different proportions of SLLs differ regarding processes and outcomes but not the structure of child-teacher ratio. Teachers’ tone in units with low proportion of SLLs was more positive and children were more verbal to the teacher while children in units with high proportions of SLL, had more self-talk/ private speech, less social-interactions and associative play, and lower levels of involvement. The differentiations in processes and children outcomes, along with the non-differences in child-teacher ratios between units with high and low proportions of SLLs highlight the need for further research in the field in order to investigate which environmental factors affect children outcomes in attempts to intervene and safeguard inclusiveness.
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Orimaye, Sylvester Olubolu, e Jodi Southerland. "Association between Alzheimer's disease and Rural Northeast Tennessee Region between 2013 and 2015". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/43.
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Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of Dementia and a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the gradual degrading of both memory and cognitive functions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of AD is increasing globally. Currently, AD is the sixth leading cause of mortality in the United States. As the ageing population increases in the United States, it is possible that AD will move up the ladder in the top cause of mortality. Although the prevalence of AD in most urban parts of developed nations such as the United States is widely known, little is known about the prevalence and early diagnosis of the disease among the rural populations. According to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), on deaths from AD between 1999 and 2014, most mortality are concentrated in the rural counties of the Appalachian region of the United States, where the mortality rate has increased by an alarming 75%. Our study focuses on the Northeast Tennessee region, which is a prominent part of the Appalachian region. We examine the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in the Northeast Tennessee region compared to other parts of the state of Tennessee. We sought to understand whether there is a likely association between the disease and the rural counties in the Northeast Tennessee region.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study that computes and compares between the Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) of the 2013 to 2015 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Public Use Files data on rural versus urban counties in the Northeast Tennessee region followed by the Northeast Tennessee counties versus other counties in Tennessee. In addition, we collected primary data from 44 experts and professionals working in AD-related fields within the Northeast Tennessee region using an online survey that captures the perceived observation of the experts and professionals about the increasing prevalence of AD over the last five years.
Results: Findings show that the rural counties within the Northeast Tennessee region had 18.3% (POR: 1.183, C.I: 1.113-1.258), 4.7% (POR: 1.047, C.I: 0.982-1.117), and 19% (POR: 1.190, C.I: 1.121-1.264) increased odds of prevalence of AD compared to the urban counties within the region in 2013, 2014, and 2015, respectively. Similarly, the Northeast Tennessee region as a whole, had increased odds of 22.7% (POR: 1.227, C.I: 1.203-1.250), 22.5% (POR: 1.225, C.I: 1.202-1.249), and 21.2% (POR: 1.212, C.I: 1.189-1.235) of AD compared to all other counties in Tennessee during the same periods.
Conclusions: Statistical analysis and findings from experts and professionals working with patients with AD in the Northeast Tennessee region show that there are more cases of AD in the Northeast Tennessee region compared to the last five years. We suggest early screening strategies for possible decrease in the morbidity and mortality rates in Northeast Tennessee region.
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Lagarde, Olivier de. "L’invention du contrôle des risques dans les organismes d’assurance". Paris 9, 2010. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090010.
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L’Union européenne refonde entièrement le dispositif de contrôle prudentiel des organismes d’assurance dans le cadre de la Directive Solvabilité II. En cours de mise en place, la Directive, qui peut être comparée à la norme prudentielle bancaire Bâle II, a surtout été analysée sous l’angle des techniques actuarielles. Mais la réforme soulève aussi des enjeux sociopolitiques importants. En instituant un nouveau contrôle sectoriel des risques, les assureurs – véritables inventeurs du dispositif – démontrent la portée politique de la théorie de l’auditabilité formulée par Power. En effet, les institutions d’assurance qui ont codéfini les normes de sécurité auxquelles elles vont être soumises, attachent davantage d’importance à la promotion de leur conformité aux nouvelles règles prudentielles qu’à l’efficience du dispositif mis en œuvre. Les conséquences potentielles sur le secteur sont pourtant lourdes. L'assurance encourt en effet le risque d’une financiarisation complète, au détriment de sa mission spécifique de protection. Elle pourrait aussi saisir cette opportunité pour réinventer sa diversité. Le contexte de la crise économique, qui a conduit les gouvernants à s’intéresser aux dispositifs de régulation, souligne le paradoxe foucaldien de la surveillance prudentielle de l’assurance : il s’agit de sécuriser une technologie de sécurité. Dans le cadre de la postmodernité financière, le contrôle des risques se politise et vient jouer le rôle du restaurateur de confiance afin de sauver le modèle libéral de ses propres turpitudesThe European Union is completely redesigning the system of prudential supervision of insurance institutions as part of the Solvency Directive II. During its implementation, the Directive, which can be compared to the Basel II prudential standard, was analysed above all in terms of actuarial techniques. But this reform is also raising serious sociopolitical issues. By establishing new sectoral control of risks, insurers – the real inventors of the system – are demonstrating the political scope of the theory of auditability formulated by Power. Indeed the insurance institutions that co-defined the security standards to which they are going to be subjected attach more importance to promoting their compliance with the new prudential rules than to the efficiency of the system implemented. The potential consequences for the sector are therefore substantial. Insurance is actually running the risk of complete finaciarisation, to the detriment of its specific mission to protect. It could also seize this opportunity to reinvent its diversity. The context of the economic crisis, which led government officials to take an interest in regulatory systems, underscores the Foucaldian paradox of prudential superivision of the insurance industry: it is a matter of making security technology secure. In the context of financial post-Modernity, risk control is repoliticizing and is playing the role of confidence-booster in order to save the liberal model from its own sins
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Pettersson, Oskar. "The Popular Response to the Ageing Crisis: A Time-Series Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Effects of Demographic Ageing on Individuals’ Support for Welfare State Policy in 13 Advanced Democracies (1996-2016)". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432532.
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This thesis examines the relationship between demographic ageing, as captured by temporal, within-country variation in the ratio of elderly to the working-age population – the dependency ratio – on citizens’ support for the welfare state. The research problem is vitally relevant considering the worsening demographic structure of advanced democracies, a process that is having considerable ramifications on the possibilities of financing comprehensive welfare states. Using a time-series cross-sectional design, and building on representative survey data from 13 advanced democracies, the thesis specifically assesses the relationship between the dependency ratio, and individual spending preferences towards 1) the welfare state as a whole, as captured by an additive index, 2) education policy, and 3) old-age benefits. It also assesses whether demographic ageing exacerbates attitude differences between age groups, thereby scrutinising some assumptions made previously on the issue of intergenerational cleavages. The thesis uncovers no significant relationship between the dependency ratio and general support for the welfare state. However, the dependency ratio is shown be positively correlated with citizens’ support for education policy, while being instead potentially negatively correlated with support for old-age benefits. The differences between these two policies, in terms of their enjoyed support, are important considering the presumed shift in welfare state priorities towards what is commonly called social investment. Indeed, they indicate that there may be popular support for the type of reform strategies whose purpose is to invest in tomorrow’s diminishing workforce, whereas the support for more compensatory old-age policies may instead be weakening. There are also signs that the positive effect on the support for education policy is lower among older individuals. This evidence is quite interesting considering the previous expectations of deepening intergenerational cleavages as a consequence of demographic ageing, but the weak indications of this development in previous empirical research.
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Jakobsson, Helena, e Emma Eklund. "Om man går före (i) kön : En studie om könsdiversifiering i bolagsstyrelser". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325317.
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Andelen kvinnlig representation i bolagsstyrelser har ökat sedan ett decennium tillbaka vilket rangordnar Sverige som ett av de länder i Europa med högst andel kvinnor i bolagsstyrelserna. Trots positiv utveckling är kvinnor fortfarande underrepresenterade i förhållande till det lagstiftade förslag som den svenska regeringen arbetat fram som förordar att kvinnor ska representeras till 40 procent i bolagsstyrelserna. Tidigare forskning har uppmärksammat på vilket sätt ett ökat kvinnligt perspektiv kan bidra till företagens utveckling och ekonomiska prestation men att finna teoretiska underlag har visat sig vara problematiskt. Forskningen kring hur ett ökat kvinnligt perspektiv kan påverka företagens lönsamhet är tvetydigt. Vår studie ämnar undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan könsdiversifiering i styrelsen och Tobins Q. Tillika undersöks om det finns en samvariation mellan andelen kvinnlig styrelserepresentation med kvinnligt aktieägande samt om styrelsen representerar det kvinnliga aktieägarnas röster. Vår teoretiska referensram grundar sig i teorier som ger en överblick över förståelsen i den underliggande dynamiken i hur bolagsstyrelser agerar samt fungerar. Studiens tillvägagångssätt bygger på en deduktiv forskningsmetodik som sedermera grundar sig i tidigare forskning inom det valda ämnet. Syftet med denna studie är att bidra till den rådande samhällsdebatt kring hur begreppet jämställdhet i bolagsstyrelser har en betydelse för aktieägarvärdet samt att försöka fylla det forskningsgap som påvisar dubbeltydiga resultat. Vår studie visar att det föreligger ett positivt signifikant samband mellan andelen kvinnor i bolagsstyrelser och Tobins Q och att andelen kvinnor i styrelsen kan representera de kvinnliga aktieägarna. Med hänsyn till denna studie föreslås att representationen av kvinnor i bolagsstyrelser kan bidra till ökad ekonomisk prestation, legitimitet samt förbättrad representation av företagets intressenter.The female representation in swedish corporate boards has increased over the last decades. Despite positive development women are still underrepresented in relation to the statutory proposal the swedish government try to pursuit, which advocates female representation to be defined by 40 percent in corporate boards. In this report, we examine whether there is a coherence between gender diversity in corporate boards and Tobins Q ratio. Also, if there is a co-variation among the proportion of female board members with female shareholders. Our results indicate that there is a positive significant correlation between the proportion of women in corporate boards and Tobins Q ratio and that the proportion of female board members can represent the female shareholders. In view of this study, it is proposed that the representation of women in corporate boards can contribute to increased economic performance, legitimacy and improved representation of the company's stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the prevailing social controversy about how the concept of gender equality in corporate governance has a fundamental connotation for the shareholder value and to try to fill the research gap that shows equivocal results.
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Grönqvist, Helena. "Vision Enhancement Systems : The Importance of Field of View". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1370.
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The purpose of the project, which led to this thesis, was to investigate the possible effects different horizontal Fields of View (FoV) have on driving performance when driving at night with a Vision Enhancement System (VES). The FoV chosen to be examined were 12 degree and 24 degree FoV, both displayed on a screen with the horizontal size of 12 degree FoV. This meant that the different conditions of FoV also had different display ratios 1:1 and 1:2. No effort was made to separate these parameters.
A simulator study was performed at the simulator at IKP, Linköping University. Sixteen participants in a within-group design participated in the study. The participants drove two road sections; one with a 12 degree FoV and the other with a 24 degree FoV. During each section four scenarios were presented in which the participants passed one of three types of objects; a moose, a deer or a man. In each section, two of the objects stood right next to the road and two were standing seventeen meters to the right of the road. As the drivers approached the objects standing seventeen meters to the right of the road, the objects moved out of the VES when the vehicle was 200 meters in front of the object with a 12 degree FoV. The objects could be seen with the naked eye when the vehicle was 100 meters in front of the object. When the drivers approached the objects with a 24degree FoV the objects moved out of the VES display when it was possible to see them unaided.
Results show that a 24 degree FoV displayed with a 1:2 ratio gives the drivers improved anticipatory control, compared to a 12 degree FoV displayed with a 1:1 ratio. The participants with a broader FoV were able to make informed decisions whereas with a narrow FoV some participants started to reaccelerate when they could not see an object. Results also show that any difference in recognition distance that may exist between a 12 degree and a 24 degree camera angle displayed in a 12 degree FoV display do not seem to have any adverse effect on the quality of driving.
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Araújo, Júnior Pedro Dias de. "O sistema de formação, aplicação e superação dos precedentes vinculantes". Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2017. http://ri.ufs.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4386.
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The present master thesis has its start point on Nicklas Luhmann's system theory and political science in David Easton to demonstrate that the legal system interacts with society through structural couplings, creating binding precedents through existing normative consolidation or, alternatively, from current legal system. One of the key points of the thesis is the participation of the amicus curiae as a legitimizing element of the binding precedents policy. Although they interpret the law in very open interpretation, we defend the thesis that this interpretation can not have the breadth defendend by Peter Häberle in the sense of being greatly enlarged, but the interpretations outside the legal system are realized through codes because a fundamental characteristic of any sound social system – including law system - is open cognitiveness and closed operability according to Luhmann's theory, creating rules and these same rules return to the environment. In the formation of the precedent, we analyzed the participation of the amicus curiae as an element of cognitive openness. In its application, we understand that the integrity of the system should not be understood only in its Dworkian principle theory, defended by Lenio Streck, but rather that it should be understood as a system, in the light of Luhmann's theory. The preservation of the internal operability of the subsystem of binding precedents is one of the means to avoiding systemic corruption - this defies the integrity of any kind of system. With regard to the application of the precedents, there is a need for a more detailed study of the ratio decidendi and the obiter dictum, in order to correct the innumerable imperfetcions of judicial decisions in Brazil, especially those coming from the Federal Supreme Court. When studying the precedents, it is discovered that frozen view of jurisprudence is more typical of the English system than the American system, which makes predict that the Brazilian system will also be more flexible than the two systems under study. In the Constitutional Court, we analyze the main arguments for and against the constitutionality of the binding precedents system and we conclude by its constitutionality. Finally, after the extensive study, it competed to frame the binding precedent - and not the jurisprudence - as a formal source of Brazilian law.A presente dissertação parte da teoria sistêmica de Nicklas Luhmann e da ciência política em David Easton para demonstrar que o sistema jurídico interage com a sociedade, através dos acoplamentos estruturais, criando precedentes vinculantes através do adensamento normativo até então existente ou, alternativamente, extraindo normas do atual sistema jurídico. Um dos pontos chaves da tese é a participação do amicus curiae como elemento legitimador da política de precedentes vinculantes. Apesar dos mesmos interpretarem o ordenamento em uma possível interpretação aberta do ordenamento, defende-se a tese de que esta interpretação não pode ter o elastério emprestado por Peter Häberle no sentido de ser excessivamente ampliada, mas sim as interpretações advindas de fora do sistema jurídico são metabolizadas através de códigos próprios deste sistema, pois uma característica fundamental de qualquer sistema social íntegro é a cognitividade aberta e a operacionalidade fechada, na teoria de Luhmann, criando regras gerais e estas mesmas regras retornam ao meio ambiente. Na formação do precedente, é analisada a participação do amicus curiae como elemento da abertura cognitiva. Em sua aplicação, entende-se que a integridade do sistema não deve ser compreendida apenas em sua acepção dworkiana da teoria dos princípios, defendida por Lenio Streck, mas sim que ela deve ser compreendida como um sistema, à luz dos ensinamentos de Luhmann, ou seja, a preservação da operatividade interna do subsistema dos precedentes vinculantes é um dos meios de se evitar a corrupção sistêmica – esta sim desafiadora da integridade de quaisquer sistemas. No que se refere à aplicação dos precedentes, há a necessidade de um estudo mais aprofundado da ratio decidendi e do obiter dictum, de forma a se corrigir os inúmeros vícios das decisões judiciais Brasil afora, em especial daquelas oriundas do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Ao se estudar os precedentes, descobre-se que aquela visão engessadora da jurisprudência é mais típica do sistema inglês que do norte-americano, o que gera uma previsão de que o sistema brasileiro será, também, mais flexível que os dois sistemas em estudo. Na seara constitucional, são analisados os principais argumentos a favor e contrário à constitucionalidade do sistema dos precedentes vinculantes e conclui-se pela sua constitucionalidade. Por fim, após o amplo estudo, competiu enquadrar o precedente vinculante – e não a jurisprudência - como fonte formal do direito brasileiro.
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Pham, Thuy Van. "Ancrage nominal du taux de change et coûts de la désinflation : une estimation économétrique". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00198619.
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Nous avons établi une indication chiffrée des coûts réels issus des désinflations basées sur l'ancrage nominal du taux de change. Notre analyse s'est appuyée sur deux régions ayant recouru le plus souvent au taux de change comme instrument de lutte contre l'inflation élevée chronique ou l'hyperinflation : l'Amérique latine et l'Europe centrale et orientale. En général, la stratégie d'ancrage nominal par le change est efficace pour réduire le taux d'inflation. Cette efficacité est plus marquante en Europe centrale et orientale qu'en Amérique latine, où le bilan de désinflation reste mitigé. Quant à son impact sur l'activité économique, les résultats obtenus sont moins évidents. En utilisant deux approches, factuelle et économétrique, nos estimations des ratios de sacrifice des deux régions indiquent que, quel que soit l'ancrage nominal, les coûts de la désinflation sont faibles, voire nuls. Il ressort, cependant, de notre étude, qu'il est difficile d'établir une relation entre les ratios de sacrifice et l'ancrage nominal du taux de change, dans la mesure où les résultats varient d'une méthode d'estimation à l'autre. L'hétérogénéité des ratios de sacrifice rend impossible la comparaison des coûts entre les pays, entre les régions et entre les stratégies d'ancrage nominal. Le choix d'une stratégie désinflationniste ne peut donc pas être basé sur l'analyse des ratios de sacrifice.
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Taccola-Lapierre, Sylvie. "Le dispositif prudentiel Bâle II, autoévaluation et contrôle interne : une application au cas français". Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348300.
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Les modes de fonctionnement des établissements bancaires ont profondément évolué ces dernières années, sous l'effet de la libéralisation financière et des innovations technologiques. Le développement de nouveaux instruments financiers et la globalisation du marché des capitaux ont généré de nouveaux risques et contraint les autorités prudentielles à faire évoluer les exigences réglementaires pour garantir la résilience du système financier. Avec l'entrée en vigueur, en décembre 2006, de la réforme "Bâle II", les banques ont dû adapter leurs outils de sélection et de mesure du risque de crédit et prendre en compte les risques opérationnels dans le calcul d'exigences de fonds propres. Cette thèse s'intéresse au passage des Accords de Bâle I à Bâle II et explique les évolutions prudentielles qui fondent cette réforme. Le passage du ratio Cooke au ratio Mac Donough, est présenté et analysé pour illustrer la "montée en puissance" de l'autocontrôle et démontrer que contrôle interne apparaît désormais comme la pierre angulaire du nouveau dispositif. Une étude du dispositif de contrôle interne en vigueur en France, notamment via le réglement n° 97-02 modifié du Comité de la Réglementation Bancaire et Financière, est présentée. Puis, à partir d'une étude qualitative menée au sein d'une banque coopérative française, nous proposons des grilles de lecture des contrôles clés, en terme de gouvernance et par typologie de risques.
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Jämtander, Jämtander. "Models explaining the average return on the Stockholm Stock Exchange". Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40360.
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Using three different models, we examine the determinants of average stock returns on the Stockholm Stock Exchange during 2012-2016. By using time-series data, we find that a Fama-French three-factor model (directed at capturing size and book-to-market ratio) functions quite well in the Swedish stock market and is able to explain the variation in returns better than the traditional CAPM. Additionally, we investigated if the addition of a Price/Earning variable to the Fama-French model would increase the explanatory power of the expected returns of the different dependent variables portfolios. We conclude that the P/E ratio does not influence the expected returns in the sample we used.
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McGovern, Michael Thomas. "Phonetic aspects of CBC Radio Newsreading, 1937-1987". Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3090.
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This paper is a phonetic investigation of radio newsreading on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) from 1937 to 1987. Recorded newscasts from the first, third, and fifth decades of CBC history are examined. Brief histories of CBC Radio news and of the Office of Broadcast Language are included, and the bibliography brings together much scattered reference material on CBC language. Traditional auditory evaluations of selected aspects of voice quality settings, vowel quality, and voice dynamics are supplemented by instrumental measurements.
The descriptive terminology of Laver (1980) is applied to identify the voice quality settings. The majority of newsreaders examined display the vocal settings of lowered larynx, open jaw, and the use of creaky phonation. This configuration enhances vocal resonance and is shown to be an established newsreading model, perceived as suitable to the authoritative presentation of information. The patterns of vocal settings identified for three test decades (1937-47, 1957-67, 1977-87) are supported by the results of acoustic analyses.
Individual, group, and across-group statistical tests were executed on the results of acoustical waveform analyses of the peripheral vowels k n u/ produced by each newsreader. To test vowel quality as a sociolinguistic variable, the CBC formant data were compared with compatible /ae o u/ data from informants of the Survey of Vancouver English (Gregg, 1984). The results show that the speech of CBC Radio newsreaders cannot be associated with any particular SES class of the Vancouver Survey. As a result of the extensive variation in production found for both informant groups, the high back vowel phoneme /u/ remains ill-defined for Canadian English.
The voice dynamic component in CBC Radio newscasts has changed over the years. Measurements of speech rate show that the duration of pauses post-1966 are dramatically shorter than those pre-1966. Sentence length is shown not to have changed considerably, but phrases have been lengthened and pauses shortened. A marked reduction in the percentage of silent time within the newscast has been the result. It is suggested that pitch fluctuations are now used more extensively than pausing to structure the text orally. Despite the changes in continuity, the articulation rate of the newsreaders, measured in syllables per second, has remained constant. These results indicate that the newsreaders are exceptionally skilled speakers.
The prevalent voice settings and the averaged acoustic measurements for CBC vowels are presented as representative of a readily identifiable and publicly recognized standard of formal spoken Canadian English.
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Nevile, Ben. "Gesture analysis through a computer’s audio interface: The Audio-Input Drum". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/267.
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When people first started to use digital technology to generate music, they were thrilled with their new ability to create novel and different sounds; accordingly, much research effort has been directed towards rich and complex methods of sound synthesis. Unfortunately the deep physical connection that exists between a musician and an instrument has not received as much attention, and so although we have machines capable of synthesizing fantastic new sounds, we don’t have the ability to use these sounds with any immediate finesse, of developing virtuosity with our new instruments. The work presented in this thesis is an exciting step towards a more dynamic future for computer-based musical performance. The Radio Drum was designed in 1987 at AT&T labs as a prototype of a three-dimensional mouse. Max Mathews later repurposed the apparatus as a musical instrument known as the Radio Baton, which in its most modern form outputs data using the MIDI protocol. The result of this work, a new system called the Audio-Input Drum, provides high-resolution gesture capture, a simplified apparatus, and access to the extremely flexible Max/MSP/Jitter
real-time software signal processing environment.
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Sen, Ilina. "Low and Declining Sex Ratio in India (1901-71): towards and explanatory framework". Thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/5736.
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