Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Social. économique"
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Louizi, Khalid. "Analyse économique de l'entrepreneuriat social". Littoral, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DUNK0033.
Texto completo da fonteRoche, Clémence. "Le comité social et économique central". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTD020.
Texto completo da fonteThe single representative body was introduced by the Ordinance n° 2017-1386 of Sept. 22, 2017. The social and economic committee is born. As the symbol of the will to centralize the previous employee representative bodies, he exercises the vast majority of their remits. In order to exercise them usefully, his operating methods must be understood. In a company organized in a complex structure, the central and economic committee, as he exemplifies both vertical and horizontal centralizations, he appears as the linchpin of the social dialogue. Nevertheless, the reality of his adaptation to the economic and social structure of the company or the economic and social unit should be questioned inevitably. The proximity and the specialization, often essential to the exercise of his remits, do not disappear by the effect of his creation: the establishment of commissions or proximity representatives can maintain them. In this context, the collective negotiation occupies an important position: it allows them build the central social and economic committee so that it can become representative body “made to measure”, in every steps of his existence
El, Goubbi Hamid. "Le mode de développement sud-coréen et les limites de son application au Maroc sur le plan économique et social". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0100.
Texto completo da fonteThe experiment of South Korea is presented in the form of development to follow by the developing countries in order to reach industrialization. What can bring such an experiment to the kingdom of Morocco from the economic and social point of view? And what are the limits of its application on this country? To answer these questions; it is necessary to make a comparative study between Morocco and South Korea on various plans. The South Korean experiment seems very beneficial because of the undeniable succes from the point of view of the economic growth. However, this mode of development caused certain imbalances which it is necessary to avoid
Mazureau-Pajot, Laurence. "Analyse économique de l'isolement". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT4006.
Texto completo da fonteThe isolation of people comprises both deeply demographic and long term changes, the economic and social significance of which has only been perceived for one decade. This phenomenon is not a specific French problem because most of the developed countries are experiencing the same developments, albeit with différences according to age groups. The objective of this work is threefold. First of all, we airn to redefine the contexts surrounding the situations involving isolation by taking into account the dynamics of contemporary social changes. Secondly, we will endeavor to présent the éléments of microeconomic theory likely to describe this phenomenon. Finally, we will attempt to provide an empirical explanation and to interpret the population growth of isolated people
Gardin, Laurent. "Une contribution à la nouvelle sociologie économique : réciprocité et économie solidaire". Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0461.
Texto completo da fonteCloître, Morgane. "L'unité économique et sociale". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918934.
Texto completo da fonteTraore, Ibrahima. "Les limites du développement économique et social de la Côte d'Ivoire : les causes structurelles des difficultés économiques". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010600.
Texto completo da fonteDarriet, Elisa. "Science économique et sens commun : études des représentations sociales de la crise économique et de l'euro". Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020034.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis we focus on the relationship between economics and social representations, between science and common sense. First in a theoretical chapter, we discuss how social representations of lay individuals can potentially play a role in economic modeling and in the implementation of economic policies. Secondly, in an empirical chapter, we firstly describe the social representation of the 2008 economic crisis in France and link it to the perception of personal financial threats. We then proceed to demonstrate that this difference can lead to different types of actions in order to cope (or not) with the economic crisis. The third chapter investigates empirically the possibility of a cognitive fit between lay representations of economic theories that explain economic crises and economic theories themselves. The influence of sociodemographic and psychological differences (such as political opinions, and Belief in a Just World) over these economic theories is also studied. The final chapter examines the social representations of the euro and approaches the notion of monetary illusion as well as the perception of European monetary policies among the French population
Keffing, Dabo. "Croissance démographique et développement économique et social au Mali". Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100164.
Texto completo da fonteLonguépée, Daniel. "Théorie des droits de propriété, aliénabilité et ordre social". Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0055.
Texto completo da fonteHadji, Ramzi. "La quantification du progrès social : application aux pays européens et approfondissement sur le cas de l'Algérie". Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2011_hadji.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteSince the state developed the desire to display their economic and social performance, GDP has become the universal indicator that is able to compare the effort of the States. This supremacy of GDP is now increasingly challenged. Several studies have shown the limitations of GDP to reflect the economic and social situation of nations. A lot of indicators have been developed to fill the gaps of GDP, but none of these indicators has emerged as an alternative indicator to GDP. The multidimensional nature of welfare, wealth, or even the development makes the attempt to correctly identify these concepts by a single indicator extremely complex or impossible. This thesis is part of the development of social indicators. It studies the economic security in 27 European countries and in Algeria. Levels of economic security reflect the country's ability to provide income to individuals allowing them to afford the most basic needs. Public intervention including a system of social protection for all categories of the population appears to be the best way to ensure this role. This is confirmed by our estimates of the levels of economic security in Europe. Countries like the Netherlands or Sweden, with respective rates of economic security in 2005 by 89% and 82% are much better positioned than countries like Italy or Spain with respective rates of 54% and 55%. France comes in the middle with a rate of 65%. This divergence of economic security in Europe is confirmed by our estimates of levels of decommodification rate which corresponds to the degree to which individuals or families, can maintain a socially acceptable standard of living outside a market participation (Esping-Andersen, 1999). This thesis is also interested in economic security in Algeria. The estimated levels of economic security in Algeria, by area and by professional category, showed alarming levels of it. The study of the structure of economic security has allowed us to show the insignificance of guaranteed income (income decommodified). Economic security in Algeria is based on a strong balance of income from business activity. The last chapter demonstrate the negative role of income issued from informal activity
Lakhdar, Bachir S. I. "Les Processus de coordination prix, normes et ordre social". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375988811.
Texto completo da fonteRuggiu, Louis Emmanuel. "Le statut fiscal et social du sportif". Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020056.
Texto completo da fonteZoubdi, Ahmed. "Les pays du Sud dans le système mondial : polarisation, compromis social, intégration internationale". Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083150.
Texto completo da fonteThe existing capitalism is a global imperialist system. The polarization of wealth in the hands of a handful of countries to the detriment of the rest of the planet has produced two worlds, one dominant, the developed North and the other dominated, the developin South. History teaches that capitalism in the West, in its mercantilist phase was focused on the looting of the wealth of regions still pre-capitalist. These regions always have been for capitalism sort of reservoirs of raw materials and labor. These regions provide opportunities for primitive accumulation, which was the nerve center in the formation of an autonomous capitalism in the West. The development of capitalism in Europe will experience periodic crisis, flow of goods and recovery of capital. Thereby, monopoly capitalism will turn to the colonized countries for a solution to its crises where the multinational corporations will be the main vector in these operations. The emergence of the Third World after decolonization gave rise to the claims of this block for a new international economic order that fair trade is the watchword. These demands coincided with the triumph of the developmentalist ideology of the era of Bandung (1955) under the auspices of the national bourgeoisie which led attempts at industrialization, but in vain. With the crisis in the West in 1974 began the erosion of illusions of developmentalism in the third world for lack of not being able to build the foundations of a self-development by disconnecting the capitalist expansion, and because it had been also established democracy in all its forms. The early 1980s saw the outbreak of the debt crisis and the implementation of the structural adjustment program under the auspices of the IMF and the World Bank. Therapies proposed and led to the deadlock since the problems of the South can not be reduced to economic problems. The integration of the South to the global market, instead, exacerbated their bid for a permanent adjustment by addressing only the needs of the center of capitalism, robs them of any possibility of constructing independent nation states. If the transition of the South among the countries of the North is clearly blocked, it is not tied solely to the status quo but relates to the external factor which polarization immanent to capitalism as it now exists is the crucial aspect. Polarization means that the South are constantly subjected to permanent output values in the direction from the North in particular the under-remuneration of labor where the productivity of the latter is underpaid by international standards. The unequal exchange thus constitutes the backdrops in the North-South relationship. The polarization may also be referred to another record as the exclusion of the labor movement of international capital and goods by a chronic deterioration of terms of trade in developing countries and therefore a sectoral distortion. . The theorem of comparative advantage and its corollary the growth theory forwarded established as essential principles remain a sham. To overcome this impasse, the South needs the autonomy to mobilize its potential for development. Its autonomy must go through it disconnection from North capitalist without causing autarky. This requires integration into the global market in another way than that imposed today by the triad. This new status of the South in the global market is dependent on setting up a process of radical reforms (based on national and contained People) - prospects open for a socialist self-reliant development
Mattheou, Panayotis. "La théorie des actes juridiques à l'épreuve de l'interventionnisme économique et social : le cas des actes juridiques d'intervention économique et sociale émanant des collectivités locales". Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020065.
Texto completo da fonteThe evolution and the inventory of judicial acts of economic and social intervention of local authorities within the socioeconomic and political context of the post-war era in france, especially after the reforme and the decentralization measures of 1982 as well as the examination of particularities of their judicial status, will allow a better appreciation of their judicial character's specificity. It is exactly these particularities of status and the specificity of the judicial nature of the studied acts that alter the there principal foundations of the "classical" judicial act : its jurisdictional control, its judicial effects and especially its nature, hence its notion, this allows ont to establish an evolution of the relations between public power and civil society
Tafferant, Nasser. "Anthropologie d'une économie souterraine : le "bizness" dans une cité H.L.M., nouvelles figures de la norme et de la déviance économique". Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H025.
Texto completo da fonteIn the working class, "bizness" amounts to an illegal market exchange of goods. A lot of consumer products are available - clothes, kitchen appliances, cosmetics etc. . . , on the street level of high rise housing projects. I strove to get acquainted with this mùarket and its underground merchants, and to understand the meaning of their commitment to illegality. Far from economic delinquency legitimized by poverty and easy money, the eight street peddlers whom I observed for four years do not hold the stygma of social outcast. On the contrary,thy reject and try to avoid a career of delinquency. Their experience of illegality has to do with a social lifestyle strongly influenced by moral norms which they draw from their various cultural universes - family, school, work, peers. That is why they invest their human resources in these sources of norms. The frontier between norm and deviance is porous. However diverse are their strategies of legitimation, the street peddlers all have the same goal : to consider "bizness" as a possible way to live according to norm and legality
Jaramillo, Fernando. "Les liens entre la croissance et la répartition du revenu". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010006.
Texto completo da fonteZaoual, Hassan. "Du rôle des croyances dans le développement économique". Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL12020.
Texto completo da fonteTisserand, Jean-Christian. "Essais sur l'analyse économique de la négociation". Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA0003/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn civil liability actions, the proportion of cases that are settled through conciliation remains very low in some countries. Negotiation failures lead to trials, the cost of which is high for both the state and the parties involved in litigation. in this thesis, we use a wide range of empirical tools to investigate the determinants that contribute to the success or failure of settlement between two parties involved in a legal action. We contribute to this topic through four original studies. We first investigate the rationality of players in one of the most simple bargaining games : the ultimatum game. For that purpose, we perform a metaanalysis of the three last decades of experimental research. Proposers’ choices, that do no match the theoretical equilibrium of the game, are found to be rationalegiven the observed behavior of responders. Subsequently, we perform a comparative meta-analysis of the ultimatum and the dictator game to investigate the “fairness hypothesis” according to which off ers in these two games are not significantly different. We find that the more developed a country, the more likely the “fairness hypothesis” is to be rejected. In a third place, we aim to identify the forces that shape decision-making in the pretrial conciliation phase of French labor courts. The results are twofold. First, conciliation is less likely when plaintiff s are assisted by a lawyer. Second, we find that the likelihood of settlement decreases as the amount at stake increases. Finally, through an original experiment, we empirically investigate the behavior of individuals who do not want to bargain, but are forced to do so. We show that individuals who are forced to bargain make less generous offers and are less likely to conciliate
Pham, Thi Kim Cuong. "La croissance économique sous l'hypothèse d'utilité relative". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/PHAM_Thi_Kim_Cuong_2004.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe relative utility hypothesis postulate that individuals have a preference for social status, which means that an individual's utility function depends in part on her relative position in the economy in terms of material prosperity. This way to define social status is based on an objective measure different to subjective measures such as individual's personality, her actions, or her social commitment. This dissertation aims to contribute empirically and theoretically to the relative hypothesis literature. On the empirical side, this dissertation examines the relative utility hypothesis against the absolute utility hypothesis using the households database drawn from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Estimation results indicate that the data are consistent with the relativity hypothesis. More precisely, the individual's utility depends positively on her income and negatively on a reference level of income, which is defined as the Land-average income. On the theoretical side, I study implications of status seeking on: (i) the relation between growth and wealth distribution, and the relation between growth and welfare (ii) the relation between growth and public policy in terms of provision of public capital and protection of the environment. The results underline the role of status seeking in explaining the wealth distribution and the relation between wealth distribution and growth. I also show that the relation between growth and welfare is not increasing and monotonous as in the case without status effects. This finding corroborates the idea that the relative utility hypothesis provides an explanation of the non-positive correlation, observed in empirical studies, between the aggregated average welfare and income per capita. In addition, my results suggest that social competition for improving the social status may be used to explain the trade-off between economic policy and environmental policy, the disparity of the government size in the economy, and the disparity of the growth rate between identical economies
Onibon-Doubogan, Yvette. "Femmes entrepreneures au Bénin : stratégies d'organisation, impacts économiques,social et politique". Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA111015.
Texto completo da fonteMbaye, Souleymane. "Les politiques d'appui au "secteur informel" : changement social et contingences contextuelles, le cas du Sénégal". Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA111014.
Texto completo da fonteOmbigath, Pierre. "L' exploitation forestière au Gabon (1892-1973) : impact économique et social". Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070009.
Texto completo da fonteIn the perspective to prepare the era of after petroleum, Gabon implemented since the 2001 a politics of diversification of its economy allowing to stimulate a durable growth. Among the main pillars of the economic reflation considered priority by the government is the forested sector. Taking advantage of good international capacities on this question since the Conference of United Nations on the Environment Development (CUNED) held in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in 1992, Gabon endowed of a new forested code in 2001. This new politics which insists on the durable management of forested ecosystems is sensible to increase the part of the forested incomes in the GDP of the country. However, interest aroused by the exploitation of the Gabonese forest does not date current. It goes bad: up to the period of the First World War during which were taken first measures recommending a rational exploitation of the forest. Well to accentuate the influence which can have this sector on the process of development of the Gabon in the years to come, we chose to interrogate past by insisting on the period 1892-1973 during which the forestry development occupied a dominating place in the economic and social life of this country
Ben, Amar Saad. "La Politique budgétaire face au développement économique et social du Maroc". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010015.
Texto completo da fonteSánchez, Osorio José Francisco. "La valeur économique comme modalité d'action chez Marx". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20072/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis work offers an interpretation of the category of economic value which is an alternative to the “economistic” reads of Marx. Instead of speaking of the “labor theory of value of Marx” and instead of questioning the veracity of this theory in terms of ability to predict commodity prices from what is stated in The Capital, we offer to focus on the form of economic value. We believe that it is possible to consider the form of economic value from the perspective of human action. Thus, the economic value would be the categorical reflection of a form of action characterized by the fact that men can’t behave vis-à-vis each other, vis-à-vis the natural world and vis-à vis the social world, without running a certain category of substance as a condition of possibility, as a mediator and as a principle of rationalization of their behavior. This understanding of the economic value involves taking into account the quantification of the substance in order to make operative most part of the interactions. This quantification can be seen as a social norm which is in the actions of men without it being, however, an intellectual act taking place “in their head”
Lebaron, Frédéric. "Les fondements symboliques de l'ordre économique". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00847577.
Texto completo da fonteChochoy, Nicolas. "L'encastrement politique des marchés, de l'imaginaire aux modes d'action : une illustration par l'économie solidaire". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0059.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with a supposedly elusive and controversial metaphor : embeddedness. With the works of economic sociology, we first analyze the ways in which this process is envisaged in the theory of solidarity economy, in viewpoint of reciprocity (i); by getting complex methodological individualism, we then propose to expand this représentation through a review of the process of recomposition of the social whole (ii); using inputs from institutional economics, this analysis leads to a representation of disembeddedness, which teaches us about the process of embedding itself. Then we consider two complementary and non exhaustive perspectives, the symbolic and territorial embeddedness (iii), making the solidarity economy an economic solution in front of the political problem of disembeddedness
Bomsel, Olivier. "De la propriété comme analyseur économique". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00437539.
Texto completo da fonteAkermann, Grégori. "L'entrepreneuriat en sciences humaines et sociales : sociologie d'un monde économique incertain". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20114.
Texto completo da fonteEntrepreneurship in social sciences is an object with blurred boundaries. One can group a number of economic activities known as sociological engineering, urban engineering, and for their members, consultant, public historian, ethnologist-consultant, professional sociologist... This thesis studies the process of economic activities in disciplines where it’s not usually expected: history, geography, sociology and ethnology. We analyze the evolution of the role of these economic activities according to historical contexts and the tensions which rise about them in the different disciplines. We also seek to identify structures and people in crossing various documentary sources (INSEE files, professional directories, online data research). Finally, using biographical interviews (62 to 50 cases of companies), we study the entrepreneurial process and their anchorages in entrepreneur life courses, social milieus, social networks and devices. Networks and devices appear to be the basis for entry into entrepreneurship, as means to access to various kinds of resources and as ways of coordination within economic markets. In an unstructured environment by professional institutions, personal relationships play a central role in the establishment of structures, in the activities and in the coordination between customers and entrepreneurs
Ndiaye, Guirane Samba. "Institutions financières et développement économique". Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00727467.
Texto completo da fonteHeim, Arthur. "Social investment and the changing face of poverty : essays on the design and evaluation of family and social policies in France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0027.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis explores early childcare and activation policies, fundamental within the social investment paradigm, through two large field experiments in France, supported by the National Family Allowance Fund.In the first chapter, with Julien Combe, we consider access to daycare as a matching problem. We propose market design models to define assignment mechanisms and analyse the consequences of design choices in a field experiment. The problem is akin to school choice, but specific constraints affect the definition and scope of stable matchings. Our algorithms provide Student Optimal Fair Assignments (SOFA) in different versions of the problem. Our analysis focuses on the Matthew effect, demonstrating how design and policy choices influence it. Our tools promote fairness and transparency in assignment processes.Chapters 2 and 3 analyse data from an intensive experimental programme aimed at low-income single-parent families in France, implemented from 2018 to 2022.In Chapter 2, I analyse the effects on labour market participation and poverty, and how wrong we would have been not to use a randomised controlled trial. The analyses reveal initially negative effects that diminish over time. Participants have higher employment rates than other comparison groups, but this difference is entirely due to selection bias. This bias is so strong that estimates using the next best identification strategy - modern doubly robust differences-in-differences - fail to include experimental estimates within confidence intervals. Overall, the programme has no average effect on labour market participation and poverty after the end of the training. There are heterogeneous treatment effects by number of children at baseline.In Chapter 3, with Alexandra Galitzine, we challenge the narrative of "making work pay" for single-parent families in France. The 2019 reform of in-work benefits (Prime d'activité) was adopted contemporaneously with this programme. The intervention directly provided individualized and detailed information on the socio-fiscal system in a year-long support programme, likely to have further reduced various barriers to employment. We use this experiment to measure low-income single-parent families' reactions to incentives after the reform.Our primary contribution lies in estimating counterfactual distributions using experimental assignment variations. We find high labour income elasticities for participants, indicating significant disincentives to employment and increased in-work poverty. The programme's effects on family structure vary based on the number of children, highlighting the complex interplay between policy incentives and poverty dynamics. We coined the term "Assistaxation" to describe the phenomenon of heavily taxing the economic, physical, and mental resources of those accessing public assistance, leaving them with little means to escape
Thuilliez, Josselin. "Paludisme et développement économique". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00492496.
Texto completo da fonteKouadio, Kouassi. "Intégration économique, développement et croissance". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274304.
Texto completo da fonteDe, Meulemeester Jean Luc. "Analyse économique de la demande d'enseignement supérieur universitaire". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212503.
Texto completo da fonteIgersheim, Herrade. "Liberté et choix social : contribution à l'analyse de la liberté en économie normative". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/IGERSHEIM_Herrade_2004.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteWhich concept of freedom should we use in a theory of distributive justice or, more simply, when a redistribution policy is decided? How, in the particular context of social choice theory, public actions should be determined in order to guarantee to the members of a society this concept of freedom? These are the questions we wish to answer in our study, which is divided in two parts: the first one explains our operational and synthetical concept of freedom. In our second part, we apply this concept of freedom to a particular context: the social choice theory. Elaborating a operational concept of freedom brings in the pairs freedom of the ancients / freedom of the moderns, negative freedom / positive freedom and individual responsibility. The necessity to overcome the opposition between freedom of the ancients and freedom of the moderns is strongly underlined by Rawls after Hegel. We consider then an other pair of freedoms: the pair negative freedom / positive freedom. The concept of capability which reflects it is integrated in our synthetical concept of freedom. However it will be complete only by integrating the notion of individual responsbility. A comparative analysis of Roemer’s and Sen’s approaches stresses how Roemer’s approach extends Sen’s capability by introducing some components apt to reflect individual responsibility. This concept of freedom is then used in the second part of the study in order to find some possibility results to the impossibility theorems caused by invasive preferences and elaborated in the social-choice-theoretic framework, in particular the impossibility of a Paretian liberal and Gibbard’s paradox. Finally, a Preference Modification Mechanism is elaborated: it selects and launders invasive preferences consistent with the values of the society
Santelli, Emmanuelle. "Des cheminements sociaux aux constructions de trajectoires professionnelles : histoires familiales, relations sociales et mobilité : des cadres et des entrepreneurs d'origine algérienne". Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20023.
Texto completo da fonteFrom algeria to france, and through the professional courses of children whose parents were algerian immigrants, the families social courses are recalled and analysed. The caracteristic of the persons interviewed in this investigation is to be a manager or a business owner in france today. From this professionnal status, one of the main hypothesis lies in checking out the repercussion of family handing down in the social courses achieved inside the french community. Different social practices, such as matrimonial union, sociability, clubs involvement and both professional and residential mobility have been analysed in order to study the elaboration of those choices and directions. In the same way "choices" were to be made (a possible change of nationality, relationship to algeria, etc. ) according to the courses realised by those persons in the french community and according to the representation they have from the ones of their parents. The intergenerational approach is then favoured, through the space-times taken into consideration, in order to understand the family and social constellations from which the social processes are worked out
Abdillahi, aptidon Gombor. "Les réseaux de transport à Djibouti et le développement économique et social". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573790.
Texto completo da fonteAbdillahi, Aptidon Gombor. "Les réseaux de transport à Djibouti et le développement économique et social". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENE001/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis focuses on the analysis of the importance of the contributions of transport infrastructure into economic and social development, taking into account the specificities of the Djiboutian economy. We conducted this analysis in the theoretical framework of economics of networks, spatial economics and endogenous growth models. As part of the network industries, transport networks are sources of positive external economies that spread to the entire economic activity which makes them an indispensable factor in economic development. These externalities can affect the immediate vicinity of transport infrastructure and may influence the location choices of economic actors. They also have macroeconomic effects that spread across the nation and that are modeled by the endogenous growth theories. Relying on the theoretical contributions of endogenous growth models, we conducted an econometric analysis to measure the effects exerted by public and private investment on the evolution of real income per capita in the specific case of Djibouti. We based our study on the econometric estimation of an aggregate production function of two factors (public capital stock and private capital stock) by the method of cointegration and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The estimation results indicated that, in accordance with what was expected, in the long term, the stock of private capital has a positive and significant effect on real income per capita. Conversely, the stock of public capital has a significant negative impact on the dynamics of real GDP per capita in both the short term and the long term. Keywords : Transportation Infrastructure, Development, Growth, public investment, Djibouti port, Doraleh port, maritime transport, COMESA
Siemowski, Carine. "L'optimisation des sollicitations de financement communautaire au développement économique et social régional". Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL20021.
Texto completo da fonteThe European aids financed by the European regional development fund ( ERDF) and the European social dund (ESF) helped many regions in their development. However, numerous project holders have difficulty to obtain the financing due to the administrative complexity and the changes in the European rules between the 2000-2006 programming period and the 2007-2013 one. This assessment is true in Belgium (Wallonia), in France (Alsace, Ile-de-France, Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardie), in Spain (Andalucia) and in Sweden (Ostra Mellansverige). Yet, improvements can be made to deal with the requests of the project holders. The first part of the study aims to describe the obstacles met by the project managers in the scheme creation. The second part will present the administrative mechanisms necessary to obtain the community aids
Herbaux, Denis. "On the economics of interpersonal relationships: three essays on social capital, social norms and social identity". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210211.
Texto completo da fonteIn the first paper, The Tyranny of Social Norms on Individual Behavior, we study the negative effect of the existence of a norm and moving cost inside a community. Because of deviation cost (such as social shame or peer pressure for example), consumers inside a given community may not reach their ideal consumption, that is the consumption they would have without social constraint. On the other hand, moving to another community may be too expensive (in terms of social assets needed to be part of the new community). Hence, agents may get stuck in their community, being forced to consume something they do not want to. One example of such behavior is the underinvestment in education in some neighborhood. We show that such equilibria are possible and that they may be socially suboptimal equilibria as well as Pareto inferior equilibria. We also show that state intervention can correct those “bad” equilibria by operating transfers between agents in order to lower the moving cost.
In the second paper, Social Identity, Advertising and Market Competition, we use a particular approach of a sociological concept, namely Social Identity, which focuses on the fact that people want to signal who they are to others. We assume that this is done by choosing a specific consumption (think of fashion market for example). We show that under this assumption, the classical result of Bertrand Price Competition does not hold anymore, and that prices and profits are positive, meaning that social identity creates market power for firms. Moreover, if the number of goods is limited, groups will be formed, and there will be multiple equilibria, each one corresponding to a particular partition of the consumers. We then add the possibility for firms to use advertising. This allows consumers to have a coordination tool, but increases also market powers for firms. We investigate the various equilibria that arise and their impact in term of welfare.
In the third paper, Social Capital in Belgium, we construct an index of social capital using the European Social Survey, and we show that this index can be decomposed in three aspects: Trust, Social Activities and Social Network. We then study whether there is a difference in social capital between Belgium’s regions or not. We show that indeed, such difference exists, even when controlling for socioeconomic variables. In a third part, we investigate whether the level of social capital is higher or lower in Belgium than in other European countries, and we analyze European regional differences in term of social capital.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Sangnier, Marc. "Essais autour du capital social". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0125.
Texto completo da fonteSocial capital is made from all values that push individuals to cooperate, to act with reciprocity or empathy in the absence of any formal control mechanism. Social capital manifests itself through trust, but also through opinions toward collective rather than individual responsability in economic activity. This thesis contributes to the economic literature interested in the role of norms by giving additional answers to its two fundamental questions. First, what are the consequences of differences in values on economic performance ? Second, where do these values come from ? The first two chapters document the relationship between trust on the one hand, and macroeconomic volatility and financial development on the other hand. It is shown that higher trust reduces macroeconomic volatility and fosters financial development across space and time. The third chapter rationalizes and documents a non-monotonic relationship between norms of cooperation and the generosity of the welfare state. It is shown that large and generous welfare states can be sustained both with high and low levels of trust, provided that a low level of trust is compensated with a large share of uncivic individuals who unduly use the social system. The question of the formation of values is tackled in the two last chapters. The fourth one documents the long-term persistence of values associated with the funding myths of mining activity in the United States : individual self-responsability and opposition to public intervention in the economy. The last chapter focuses on short term changes of trust in leaders and institution among Africans in the aftermath of riots and protests
Majdalani, Irma. "Le capital social carte génétique d'une économie : cas du Liban". Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0001.
Texto completo da fontePellé, Sophie. "Amartya K. Sen : la possibilité d'une éthique économique rationnelle". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00511366.
Texto completo da fonteBenabderrazzak, Samir. "Politique d'aménagement et du développement économique et social du Maroc : cas des provinces du Nord". Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0025.
Texto completo da fonteAchour, tani Yamna. "Analyse de la politique économique algérienne". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00984242.
Texto completo da fonteFretel, Anne. "L'association entre libéralisme économique et état social. Une analyse des schèmes de justification de l'économie sociale au XIXème et XXème siècle". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364774.
Texto completo da fonteYu, Tuotuo. "Trois essais sur l'impact social et institutionnel de la mondialisation". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0003.
Texto completo da fonteGlobalization bas profoundly changed the fate of many societies, and its influence goes far beyond the economic sphere. In this thesis, I analyze the impact of globalization on human health and environment, and try to understand the implications for policy makers. More precisely, I look to answer the following questions: what challenges does globalization pose to the management of health and environment? How should public authorities react to them? Does globalization also bring opportunities to improve the state of health and environment for developing countries? How could the latter seize these opportunities in today's framework of international economics and politics? To sum up, I find that globalization brings both challenges and opportunities to the management of health and environment. Although the international mobility of people makes disease control more difficult from a single country's point of view, a well-coordinated international campaign can reduce each country's costs and facilitate a global eradication. Although trade liberalization can cause the pollution haven effect and exacerbate the environmental inequality between different countries, environmental trade barriers tend to create a level playing field and make up for the weak regulations in developing countries like China. For the developing countries, it is very important to put these opportunities to the service of their social and economic development. To achieve this end, they should first face the challenges of globalization with a more positive attitude: adapting to them, not resisting them
Marty, Frédéric. "Réglementation et commande publique : Analyses économique et juridique". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00270535.
Texto completo da fonteLes premiers travaux de recherche se concentrèrent sur deux domaines d'applications. Le volet regulation a fait l'objet de travaux sur la réglementation des industries de réseaux en cours de libéralisation. Le volet procurement a, quant à lui, été initialement abordé sous l'angle de l'analyse économique des marchés publics. Ces travaux, entamés pour les premiers à l'occasion de la thèse de doctorat et pour les seconds dans le cadre d'un contrat de recherche pour le compte du ministère de la Justice, furent respectivement prolongés par des recherches sur le thème de l'encadrement des aides publiques et sur celui des contrats de partenariats public-privé.
Les directions de recherche actuellement explorées suivent encore ces deux axes mais renforcent les dimensions reliées à l'économie du droit et de la concurrence pour le premier ensemble et s'orientent vers des préoccupations de finances et de comptabilité publique pour le second.
Il s'agit, en effet, pour un premier ensemble de travaux, de s'intéresser aux décisions de la Commission européenne en matière de mise en œuvre des politiques de concurrence, notamment dans le domaine du contrôle des concentrations ou des alliances horizontales entre firmes. Ces travaux conduiront à s'attacher aux critères économiques utilisés par la Commission et aux effets des contrôles de ses décisions par le Tribunal de Première Instance et la Cour de Justice des Communautés européennes. Il conviendra ensuite de confronter les dispositifs institutionnels et les pratiques qui en découlent (via les décisions de la Commission et les arrêts des tribunaux) avec celles en vigueur outre-Atlantique.
Un second ensemble de travaux porte sur les effets de l'encadrement comptable et budgétaire des contrats administratifs, aux premiers rangs desquels les contrats de partenariats public-privé. Il s'agit notamment de s'attacher aux modalités d'enregistrement de ces derniers tant dans les comptes publics au sens de Maastricht (dans le cadre des prescriptions d'Eurostat), dans la comptabilité patrimoniale de la collectivité publique (dans le cadre des exigences de la Loi Organique relative aux Lois de Finances - Lolf), que dans les comptes sociaux du prestataire privé (dans le cadre de l'application des normes IFRS). Il convient de s'interroger sur l'existence de stratégies de dissimulation de la dépense (et de la dette publique) au travers de tels montages. De telles stratégies de comptabilité publique créative (transfert d'engagements financiers de long terme en hors bilan) peuvent induire deux risques. Ils peuvent tout d'abord conduire à des distorsions dans le choix des instruments contractuels de la part de la collectivité publique (lesquelles viseraient plus à satisfaire des règles budgétaires telles le Pacte de Stabilité et de Croissance qu'une optimisation intertemporelle de la dépense publique). Ils contribuent à dégrader de ce fait la transparence des comptes publics. Ainsi, l'analyse du cadre comptable et financier dans lequel s'inscrivent de tels contrats ouvre sur une problématique des risques sous-jacents pour les finances publiques et sur le contrôle des pratiques de comptabilité créative, que celle-ci soit envisagée du côté de la collectivité publique ou de sa contrepartie privée.
Sanou, Issa. "Inégalités de richesse, prestations sociales et politiques environnementales en présence du statut social". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0011.
Texto completo da fonteThe first chapter shows that conformism leads to a reduction in wealth inequalities, and even to a catch-up, when an initially rich household works less than an initially poor household ; and that the additional income acquired by the initially poor household, by working more, corresponds, more precisely, to the wealth surplus initially held by the rich household. The second chapter shows that the negative effects of social benefits on labor supply are mitigated by status-seeking behavior. Finally, chapter 3 shows that any environmental policy, consisting of taxing polluting goods and using the revenues from this taxation to subsidize the consumption of non-polluting goods, leads to an increase in both employment and environmental quality. However, when polluting goods and non-polluting goods are not perfect substitutes, the increase in purchasing power resulting from subsidies may lead to an increase in the consumption of polluting goods
Nystrom, Jason F. "La social-démocratie en Saskatchewan et le discours de l'austérité économique, 1944-1998". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9034.
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