Livros: "Sharks Physiology"

1

International White Shark Symposium (2010 : Honolulu, Hawaii), ed. Global perspectives on the biology and life history of the white shark. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2012.

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2

Sharks and their relatives II: Biodiversity, adaptive physiology, and conservation. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2010.

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3

Gilda, Berger, ed. Flies. New York: Scholastic, 2011.

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4

Simons, Terry. The Baas Becking Geobiological Laboratory field trip to Shark Bay, W.A., July 1986: Observations and technical notes. Campbell, A.C.T., Australia: Dept. of Geography and Oceanography, University College, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, 1987.

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5

Bindi, Marco, Giada Brandani, Alessandro Dessì, Camilla Dibari, Roberto Ferrise, Marco Moriondo e Giacomo Trombi, eds. Impact of climate change on agricultural and natural ecosystems. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-921-2.

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This book illustrates the main results deriving from fourteen studies, dealing with the impact of climate change on different agricultural and natural ecosystems, carried out within the Impact of Climate change On agricultural and Natural Ecosystems (ICONE) project funded by the ALFA Programme of the European Commission. During this project, a common methodology on several Global Change-related matters was developed and shared among members of scientific communities coming from Latin America and Europe. In order to facilitate this interdisciplinary approach, specific mobility programmes, addressed to post-graduate, Master and PhD students, have been organized. The research, led by the research groups, was focused on the study of the impact of climate change on various environmental features (i.e. runoff in hydrological basins, soil erosion and moisture, forest canopy, sugarcane crop, land use, drought, precipitation, etc). Integrated and shared methodologies of atmospheric physics, remote sensing, eco-physiology and modelling have been applied.

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6

Sharks (Nature Watch (Lorenz)). Lorenz Books Childrens, 2000.

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7

Sharks: Nature Fact File Series. Southwater, 2003.

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8

Sharks: Killers of the Deep. Gallery Books, 1985.

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9

C, Carrier Jeffrey, Musick John A e Heithaus Michael R, eds. Sharks and their relatives II: Biodiversity, adaptive physiology, and conservation. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2010.

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10

Musick, John A., Michael R. Heithaus e Jeffrey C. Carrier. Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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11

Musick, John A., Michael R. Heithaus e Jeffrey C. Carrier. Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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12

Carrier, Jeffrey C. Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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13

Sharks, skates, and rays: The biology of elasmobranch fishes. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.

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14

Hamlett, William C. Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.

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15

(Illustrator), John Rice, ed. Scholastic Q & A: What Do Sharks Eat For Dinner? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2001.

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16

Ashley, Laurence M., e Robert B. Chiasson. Laboratory Anatomy of the Shark (Booth Laboratory Anatomy Series). 5^a ed. William C Brown Pub, 1988.

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17

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Why Don't Haircuts Hurt? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 1999.

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18

(Illustrator), Vincent Di Fate, ed. Scholastic Q & A: Do Stars Have Points? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 1999.

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19

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Do All Spiders Spin Webs? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2000.

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20

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Can You Hear A Shout In Space? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2001.

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21

(Illustrator), Barbara Higgins Bond, ed. Scholastic Q & A: Do Whales Have Belly Buttons? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 1999.

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22

(Illustrator), Alan Male, ed. Scholastic Q & A: Did Dinosaurs Live In Your Backyard? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 1999.

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23

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Do Tarantlas Have Teeth (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2000.

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24

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Do Penguins Get Frostbite (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2001.

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25

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Do Tornadoes Really Twist? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2000.

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26

(Illustrator), Jim Effler, ed. Scholastic Q & A: How Do Flies Walk Upside Down? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 1999.

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27

How Do Flies Walk Upside Down? New York: Scholastic, Inc., 2002.

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28

Berger, Melvin, e Gilda Berger. Scholastic Q & A: Why Do Volanoes Blow Their Tops? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2000.

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29

(Illustrator), Jim Effler, ed. Scholastic Q & A: How Do Bats See In The Dark? (Scholastic Question & Answer). Scholastic Reference, 2001.

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30

Goodyer, Paul. Kidney/ear syndromes. Editado por Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0170.

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Malformations of the external ear may signal renal disease, but it is actually the disorders of the inner ear which reflect molecular pathways that are also crucial for kidney development. In a number of monogenic renal diseases, renal dysplasia is associated with deafness. Disorders of the kidney and inner ear are also linked in complex syndromes such as the human ciliopathies. In some cases, the loss of specific genes affects shared transport physiology, basement membrane assembly, or energy metabolism.The kidney and cochlea have a common susceptibility to toxins that are selectively concentrated by comparable uptake mechanisms in the two tissues.This chapter provides an overview of the many ways in which pathologies of the two organs are linked.

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31

Quadt, Lisa, Hugo D. Critchley e Sarah N. Garfinkel. Interoception and emotion: Shared mechanisms and clinical implications. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811930.003.0007.

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Internal states of bodily arousal contribute to emotional feeling states and behaviors. This chapter details the influence of interoceptive processing on emotion and describes how deficits in interoceptive ability may underpin aberrant emotional processes characteristic of clinical conditions. The representation and control of bodily physiology (e.g. heart rate and blood pressure) and the encoding of emotional experience and behavior share neural substrates within forebrain regions coupled to ascending neuromodulatory systems. This functional architecture provides a basis for dynamic embodiment of emotion. This chapter will approach the relationship between interoception and emotion within the interoceptive predictive processing framework and describe how emotional states could be the product of interoceptive prediction error minimization.

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32

Olsen AM, Penny, e Leo Joseph. Stray Feathers. CSIRO Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103443.

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Stray Feathers showcases some of the remarkable adaptations of Australian birds. A brief introduction describes how evolution shapes form and function, followed by a series of vignettes illustrating the wondrous variety of forms and functions shaped by evolution. For example, did you know that Barn Owls can hunt in absolute darkness and that cuckoos commence incubation before their egg is laid? Sections include anatomy and physiology; the senses; giving voice; tongues talking; plumage; getting around; finding and handling food; optimising foraging and feeding; reducing competition; using ‘tools’; communicating; quality vs quantity; courtship; nests; parental care; chicks; and living together. The book is superbly illustrated with black and white drawings of a range of birds, making it a worthy addition to the bookshelves of bird lovers everywhere.

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33

Owen, Jennifer C., Dana M. Hawley e Kathryn P. Huyvaert, eds. Infectious Disease Ecology of Wild Birds. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746249.001.0001.

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Disease ecology is an interdisciplinary field that recognizes that the host–parasite interaction is shaped by the environment and can affect and be affected by the processes that occur across all levels of ecological organization. This book focuses on the dynamics of infectious diseases for wild avian hosts across different scales of biological organization—from within-host processes to landscape-level patterns. Parasite–bird interactions are both influenced by and have consequences for every level of ecological hierarchy, from the physiology, behavior, and evolution of individual hosts up to the complex biotic and abiotic interactions occurring within biological communities and ecosystems. As the most diverse group of extant vertebrates, birds have evolved to utilize every ecological niche on earth, giving them the capacity to serve as a host of pathogens in every part of the world. The diversity of birds is outmatched only by the diversity of the parasite fauna infecting them. Given the overwhelming diversity of both avian hosts and their parasites, we have only scratched the surface regarding the role that pathogens play in avian biology and the role that birds play in the maintenance and spread of zoonotic pathogens. In addition to this understudied diversity, parasite–bird interactions are increasingly occurring in rapidly changing global environments—thus, their ecology is changing—and this shapes the complex ways by which parasites influence the interconnected health of birds, humans, and shared ecosystems. The chapters in this book illustrate that the understanding of these complex and multiscale interactions requires an inherently integrative approach.

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34

Epstein, Hugh. Hardy, Conrad and the Senses. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474449861.001.0001.

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The first book-length study of connections between these two major authors, this book reads the highly descriptive impressionist fiction of Hardy and Conrad together in the light of a shared attention to sight and sound. By proposing ‘scenic realism’ as a term to describe their affinities of epistemology and literary art, this study seeks to establish that the two novelists’ treatment of the senses in relation to the physically encompassing world creates a distinctive outward-looking pairing within the broader ‘inward turn’ of the realist novel. This ‘borderland of the senses’ was intensively investigated by a variety of nineteenth-century empiricists, and mid- and late-Victorian discussions in physics and physiology are seen to be the illuminating texts by which to gauge the acute qualities of attention shared by Hardy’s and Conrad’s fiction. In an argument that re-frames the ‘Victorian’ and ‘Modernist’ containers by which the writers have been conventionally separated, thirteen major works are analysed without flattening their differences and individuality, but within a broad ‘field-view’ of reality introduced by late-classical physics. With its focus on nature and the environment, Hardy, Conrad and the Senses displays the vivid delineations of humankind’s place in nature that are at the heart of both authors’ works.

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35

Biewener, Andrew A., e Shelia N. Patek, eds. Muscles and Skeletons. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198743156.003.0002.

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Animal locomotion depends on the organization, physiology and biomechanical properties of muscles and skeletons. Musculoskeletal systems encompass the mechanical interactions of muscles and skeletal elements that ultimately transmit force for movement and support. Muscles not only perform work by contracting and shortening to generate force, they can also operate as brakes to slow the whole body or a single appendage. Muscles can also function as struts (rod-like) to maintain the position of a joint and facilitate elastic energy storage and recovery. Skeletal muscles share a basic organization and all rely on the same protein machinery for generating force and movement. Variation in muscle function, therefore, depends on the underlying mechanical and energetic components, enzymatic properties, and activation by the nervous system. Muscles require either an internal, external or hydrostatic skeletal system to transmit force for movement and support.

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36

Laureno, Robert. Lowly Origins. Editado por Robert Laureno. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190607166.003.0014.

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This chapter, “Lowly Origins,” examines the evolution of the nervous system and its implications for clinical neurology. Topics include peripheral nerve anatomy, extraocular muscles, and physiologic circuits related to respiration. Human neuroanatomy and neurologic disease carry a record of our vertebrate ancestors, and neurology is more understandable when the clinician is attuned to our ancient neurological circuits. The extraocular muscles are a prime example. Although the extraocular muscles have changed their orientation to the axis of the eye, and although not all of these muscles are as important as they once were, these muscles of the human eye have otherwise changed little from those of the shark. They remain similar in appearance and consistent in innervation. They are the best conserved muscles in all of vertebrate evolution. The development of limbs, loss of gills, assumption of bipedal locomotion, and development of a huge brain has had virtually no effect on them.

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37

Roscoe, Andrew, e Peter Slinger. Anaesthesia for thoracic surgery. Editado por Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0057.

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The conduct of thoracic anaesthesia requires an understanding of respiratory anatomy and physiology in order to optimize patient care whilst facilitating intrathoracic surgery. The preoperative assessment focuses on the underlying diagnosis, with emphasis on the impact of the surgical procedure on the patient’s cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Intraoperative care frequently necessitates lung isolation and proficiency at the variety of techniques available is essential. Additionally, adept management of one-lung ventilation and correction of hypoxaemia is fundamental to providing favourable outcomes. Thoracic surgical procedures may involve the airways, lung parenchyma, mediastinum, oesophagus, major vascular structures, pleura, and chest wall. Each procedure carries its own issues, including the shared airway, hypoxaemia, tracheobronchial compression, cardiac involvement, or major haemorrhage. Specialized procedures, such as lung transplantation, pulmonary endarterectomy, and bronchopulmonary lavage, introduce highly specific challenges. The provision of adequate analgesia can be challenging for the thoracic anaesthetist, and from the options available, it is often tailored to the individual. Awareness of common postoperative complications is necessary, as perioperative interventions aimed at reducing postoperative risk can improve patient outcome.

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38

Biewener, Andrew, e Sheila Patek. Animal Locomotion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198743156.001.0001.

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This book provides a synthesis of the physical, physiological, evolutionary, and biomechanical principles that underlie animal locomotion. An understanding and full appreciation of animal locomotion requires the integration of these principles. Toward this end, we provide the necessary introductory foundation that will allow a more in-depth understanding of the physical biology and physiology of animal movement. In so doing, we hope that this book will illuminate the fundamentals and breadth of these systems, while inspiring our readers to look more deeply into the scientific literature and investigate new features of animal movement. Several themes run through this book. The first is that by comparing the modes and mechanisms by which animals have evolved the capacity for movement, we can understand the common principles that underlie each mode of locomotion. A second is that size matters. One of the most amazing aspects of biology is the enormous spatial and temporal scale over which organisms and biological processes operate. Within each mode of locomotion, animals have evolved designs and mechanisms that effectively contend with the physical properties and forces imposed on them by their environment. Understanding the constraints of scale that underlie locomotor mechanisms is essential to appreciating how these mechanisms have evolved and how they operate. A third theme is the importance of taking an integrative and comparative evolutionary approach in the study of biology. Organisms share much in common. Much of their molecular and cellular machinery is the same. They also must navigate similar physical properties of their environment. Consequently, an integrative approach to organismal function that spans multiple levels of biological organization provides a strong understanding of animal locomotion. By comparing across species, common principles of design emerge. Such comparisons also highlight how certain organisms may differ and point to strategies that have evolved for movement in diverse environments. Finally, because convergence upon common designs and the generation of new designs result from historical processes governed by natural selection, it is also important that we ask how and why these systems have evolved.

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