Artigos de revistas: "Seljukids"

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Valentinovich Pilipchuk, Yaroslav. "Muslim statehood in Azerbaycan (IX-XIII centuries)". SCIENTIFIC WORK 59, n.º 10 (6 de novembro de 2020): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/59/68-85.

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This paper is dedicated to the history of Muslim statehood in Azerbaijan in IX-XIII century. The first truly strong was the Sajid dynasty, originating from the Sogdian aristocracy. Its representatives exalted themselves as ghouls in the service of the Abbasids. Having become rulers in Azerbaijan, the Sajids tried to pursue an independent and aggressive policy towards Armenia, which did not always provoke a positive reaction from the caliph. Only at the end of the Sajid rule did their interests again coincide with those of Baghdad. The Muzafarids were another Iranian dynasty, this time the Delemite. Its representatives came from Dalem during its expansion to the northwest. They took upon themselves the blows from Russia, the Ravadids and the Seljuks. The rabadids were a dynasty of Arab origin, which soon became Kurdish. Onomasticon of the dynasty in the 10th - 11th centuries generally Iranian. The era of the greatest power of the Rawwadids was the time of the reign of Mamlan I, who pursued an aggressive policy towards Christian neighbors and the threat from which the Armenians and Georgians neutralized by the conclusion of a defensive alliance. XI century was the time of the gradual fading of the Rawwadids. The Shaddadids were of Kurdish dynasty descent and ruled in Arran. Slow growth of their power was observed in the 10th century, when they began expansion in the possession of the Muzafarids. This dynasty is characterized by close ties with the Armenians. Emirs Fadl and Abu l-Asvar carried out an attack on the Armenian territories, which the Armenians could recapture only by cooperating with the Georgians. To destroy the emirate of the Shaddadids were not able and the Romaios in the middle of the XI century. Only the Seljuks in Arran were able to eliminate the power of the Shaddadids in 1093, and they survived in Shirak until 1199. Shirvan was a state inhabited by Iranian-speaking and Caucasian populations. The Mazyadid dynasty was originally Arab in origin. Shirvan maintained close ties with the state of Lizan. In the tenth century, the Shirvanshahs extended power besides Shirvan to Derbent and Arran. In the second quarter of the XI century. Mazyadids were replaced by the Qesranid dynasty, the onomasticon of which is already Iranian. This dynasty, unlike the Sheddadids in Arran and the Rawwadids in Azerbaijan, retained power in Shirvan under the Seljuks. The Caesranids, like the Mazyadids, continued to claim power over Derbent in the XII century. Shirvan became an object of expansion from Georgia. Shirvans could only resist it with the help of the Seljuks. However, this did not exclude dynastic marriages with Georgian Bagrationi. The most prominent Qesranid was the Shirvanshah Akhsitan, who, with the help of the Georgians, repelled the invasion of the Derbent Khazars and personally repelled the invasion of the Dagestan highlanders. In alliance with Queen Tamar, the Shirvanshah opposed the Atabeks of Azerbaijan. XIII century was the time of the decline of Shirvan, when he became the object of invasion of the Mongols, Kipchaks and Khorezmians. From 1070 Azerbaijan became the possession of the Seljukids, and from 1093 Arran became such. For several decades, Azerbaijan and Arran were the property of the younger Seljukids and were part of the Iraqi Seljuk Sultanate. The design of the state of the Atabeks of Azerbaijan can be dated to the middle of the XII century. Under its first rulers, Shams ad-Din Ildengiz and Jahan-Phelevane, the influence of the Ildengizids extended from the Caspian Sea to the Persian Gulf and from Erzurum to Khorasan. The Ildengizids were those who restrained the expansion of Georgian Bagrationi against Muslim countries and were actually omnipotent workers of the Sultans under the weak Seljukids. Qizil-Arslan has already ceased to look around at the Seljukids completely and has titled itself with a magnificent title. The end of the XII century. - beginning of the XIII century were the time of the decline of the Atabeks of Azerbaijan due to the strife between the Ildengizids and the victories of the Georgians. 20-30-ies of XIII century were the time of the fall of the Atabek state of Azerbaijan. Key words: Shirvan, Azerbaijan, Arran, Sajids, Mosaferids, Shaddadids, Rawwadids, Ildengizids, Seljukids

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Kayhan, Hüseyin. "Notes on medical science and medical scientists during the Seljukids". History Studies International Journal Of History Volume 3 Issue 1, n.º 3 (2011): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.9737/hist_205.

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Göksu, Erkan. "The Establishment of the Seljukids State and Tugrul Beg Period According to Tarikh-i Guzida". History Studies International Journal Of History Volume 3 Issue 1, n.º 3 (2011): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.9737/hist_263.

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YÜCER, Hür Mahmut. "مسيرة الحضارةِ الإسلاميةِ التركيةِ في الأناضولِ بين الماضي والحاضر". Journal of History Culture and Art Research 3, n.º 4 (8 de maio de 2015): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v3i4.389.

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<p>Abstract</p><p>This study endeavours to ascertain the bibliographical resources which the Anatolian Turks, an important component of Islamic history and civilization, have been nourished. Meanwhile it holds the style of civilization which they have constructed according to the course of these sources. Turks, after embracing Islam had used Persian and then Arabic as language of science. However most of the people who knew Turkish only, had formed their religious feelings through easy and brief texts which are easy to read and understand. In the Seljukids' era the books such as Hamzanamah, Hz. Ali'nin Cenkleri (The Battles of the Caliph Ali) and Battalnamah had been publicly read while in the Ottomans' era the people had read the books such as Mızraklı İlmihal (a book explaning principles of Islam), Ahmadiyah, Muhammadiyah. Great masses of people had composed intellectual and moral values by means of these books. This article strives to analyse how Anatolian people who repeatedly read the said texts over centuries through secondary institutions of culture which built itself. In the study descriptive analyze method is adopted.</p>

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Kahya, Esin. "Did the Ottoman Physicians Make Any Contributions to the Medical Science in the Ottoman Empire in the Fourteenth Century (At the Flourishing Period of the Empire)". Belleten 70, n.º 257 (1 de abril de 2006): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2006.155.

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During the fourteenth century, Ottomans opened madrasa in where they invaded. The first madrasa was founded in Nicosia (Iznik). The second was founded in Brussa. All of them were built to let the people learn religion including in astronomy and mathematics, as it happened in some other places of Anatolia during the Seljukids in the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth century. They also founded hospitals in the same places. One of them was Yıldırım Hospital in Bursa. It was also served as a medical school. Its first physician was Physician Husnu. The first medical studies in the Ottoman Empire appeared in the fourteenth century. Among them can be mentioned Ishaq b. Murad, Hadji Pahsa, Physician Barakat and Cemal al-Din Aksarayi. Except Aksarayi who was interested in religious science in addition to medicine, they preferred to write in Turkish. Hadji Pasha had works in Turkish and Arabic. Although the other scientists who were interested in mathematics, astronomy, physics and chemistry preferred to write in Arabic or sometimes in Persian, the physicians wrote their works in Turkish.They felt to have to explain why they used Turkish language and said that they wrote their works in Turkish because they wished to understand what they said in their works. Their works were mainly on diseases, their treatments and the drugs which were used during the treatment of the illnesses.

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Dietrich, Richard. "The Names of Seljuk’s Sons as Evidence for the Pre-Islamic Religion of the Seljuks". Turkish Historical Review 9, n.º 1 (10 de maio de 2018): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-00901002.

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Although early sources for Seljuk history do not give specific information on the Seljuks’ religious beliefs and practices before their conversion to Islam, the names of the sons of the dynasty’s namesake – Mikail, Israil, Musa, Yunus, Yusuf – have long been a source of speculation on this subject. By comparing the names of Seljuk’s sons with the naming practices of regional Muslim, Jewish and Christian elites in light of the religious context of Transoxiana up to the late tenth century, it is possible to reach a plausible conclusion regarding the Seljuks’ religion before their conversion to Islam.

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Timokhin, Dmitriy M. "History of the Gurid state in Muslim sources XII - XIII centuries". Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, n.º 2 (2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080024425-4.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the Muslim sources of the XII-XIII centuries, containing information on the history of the Gurid state in the pre-Mongol period. After the death of the Seljuk Sultan Sanjar in 1157, various regional leaders will lay claim to the lands that were part of his state, as a result of the struggle between which Khorasan and Mawerannahr, as well as adjacent regions, will become part of the Khorezm state. One of the most serious opponents of Khorezm during this period will be the Gurid state, whose rulers will finally gain independence from the Seljukids and will seriously claim dominance in Khorasan. In many ways, it was the victory over this rival that ensured the rulers of Khorezm a victory in the regional struggle and the opportunity to annex to their own state not only the above-mentioned regions, but also the lands of modern Afghanistan. Medieval historiography of the history of the Gurid state was not a subject of special study as a whole: researchers preferred to focus their attention on the analysis of individual monuments or the most informative historical works from their point of view. In the same article, we will try to outline the boundaries of the corpus of monuments of the 12th - 13th centuries, containing information about this state and its rulers, indicate the features of this information, and also indicate possible connections between this kind of Muslim writings.

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Anikeeva, Tatiana A. "THE OGHUZ EPIC STORIES IN THE SELJUK ERA". History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 15, n.º 2 (25 de junho de 2019): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch152110-117.

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The article is devoted to several monuments of the Turkish folklore and literature the formation of which dates back to the time of Seljukids in Asia Minor: “The Book of Dede Korkut”, “The Story of Seyyid Battal” (“Battal-nameh”, or “Seyyid Battal gazavatnamesi”) and “The Tale of Melik Danishmend” (“Danishmend-nameh”).“Kitab-i dedem Korkut”, The Book of Dede Korkut”…is the only medieval epic of the Turkic peoples which has remained in written form until today. “The Book of “The Book of Dede Korkut” according to the Dresden manuscript consists of twelve songs-legends (and according to the Vatican manuscript – of six tales which have been called oguznameh), which tell of the Oghuz heroes’ deeds. The main plot which core is framed by these stories, is the struggle of the Oghuz tribes against the infidels, non-Muslims in the lands of Asia Minor and Transcaucasia, as well as strife among the Oghuz themselves. This text reflects both the events of early Turkic semi-legendary history (not only historical facts, but also a set of mythological beliefs) and later events connected with the spread of their power in Asia Minor and with their contacts with Byzantium. The stories that comprise ““The Book of Dede Korkut” display a clear connection with both the common Turkic literary and folk tradition and more recent strata.Battal-nаmeh and Danishmend-nameh both are monuments of a written epos within the boundaries of oral recently some legends related to the Oghuz epic (both “The story of Battal” and some tales from “The Book of Dede Korkut”) have continued to exist in oral and literal form on the territories of modern Turkey and Transcaucasia.

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Gokmen, Sabri, Altan Basık, Yusuf Aykın e Sema Alacam. "Computational Modeling and Analysis of Seljukid Muqarnas in Kayseri". Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 15, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477399.

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As a historical and ornamental building element, muqarnas are widely found among the entrances of madrasas, mosques, and hans in Anatolian Seljuk architecture. In Kayseri (Turkey), muqarnas structures are characterized by symmetrical distribution of patterned geometric layers that presents computational rules for the design and construction of these ornamental structures. The presented research focuses on 12 unique muqarnas structures that are analyzed through a computational methodology combining photogrammetry, three-dimensional modeling, symmetry, and graph theory. The computational analysis shows that Seljukid muqarnas exhibit patterned branching of the symmetry axis between layers radiating from their geometric center. Using the modeled samples, the article analyzes inherent symmetry rules and growth patterns while offering a novel way of studying, modeling, and categorizing muqarnas.

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İlhan, Ayse Cakır. "Message from editor". Global Journal of Arts Education 7, n.º 3 (4 de dezembro de 2017): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjae.v7i3.2690.

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Message from Editor Dear Readers, It is a great honor for us to publish Volume 7, Issue 3 of Global Journal of Arts Education. Global Journal of Arts Education (GJAE) is an international peer-refereed journal that provides an international form for research in the field of the art and creative education. The journal welcomes a wide range of theoretical and methodological approaches to research, and encourages submissions from the broader fields of education and the arts that are related with learning and teaching through art education. The journal publishes original research articles or comprehensive reviews on design, culture, architecture, aesthetics, arts history, arts ethics, graphic design and ceramics that are related with the area of education. Aim of this issue is to give the researchers an opportunity to share the results of their academic studies. There are different research topics discussed in the articles. For example, Ozlem Karakul discussed sculptural reproduction of architectural ornamentation of Anatolian Seljukid Madrasahs in Konya. In addition, Serdar Egemen Nadasbas and Birsen Cileroglu aimed to determine how to meet the changing desires and demands of clothes with the modularity method of mass customization and the study provided important implications for offering new experiences to the consumers with spare modules applicable to existing clothes and meeting the demand on new products by avoiding the usage of sources on production phase. Ayse Bilir provided an analysis on plastic arts education and example of the students engineering faculty. Finally, Nihan Canbakal Ataoglu mentioned about the Education of basic arts by touching Seljukian inheritance. A total number of twelve (12) manuscripts were submitted for this issue and each paper has been subjected to double-blind peer review process by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total number of four (4) high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication. We present many thanks to all the contributors who helped us to publish this issue. Best regards, Prof. Dr. Ayse Cakir Ilhan Editor – in Chief

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Darendeli, Tuğçe, e Can Şakir Binan. "Seljuks Inherit to Anatolia; Caravanserais". ATHENS JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE 7, special issue (1 de março de 2021): 137–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aja.7-0-2.

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The history of Anatolia intertwined and layered manner is composed of many historical mosaic of culture. In this chronology, we see the Anatolian Seljuk State in the administration of the era when Turkish identity was set up in Asia Minor. This state has become an important force especially in the 11th and 13th centuries, even if it is not absolute in commercial, military and economic. At that time, the continuity of the state union was due to the intense trade and lack of scarcity in the country. The Seljuks were aware of this. With the expansion of Anatolian Seljuk State borders, which gives importance to the trade, new road networks have been formed and the existing ones have been strengthened. Old Anatolian cities such as Konya, Kayseri, Sivas and Erzurum have become important trade centers. It is necessary to ensure the safety of the roads and caravans in all of this commercial activity in the country. Caravanserais and khans were constructed on the roads to meet the needs of the caravans in order to stay and to continue their way. These buildings, which have an enclosed architecture with thick masonry walls, look like a castle and have become a power show. Anatolian Selcuklu period caravanserais show different features than the previous accommodation structures. In this study, the change of the commercial activities and accommodation during the history and the spatial organization, plan typologies and functions of the Anatolian Seljuk Caravanserai constructions are discussed.

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VURAL, Timur. "NAUBAT TRADITION IN GREAT SELJUKS". Journal of Academic Social Science Studies Volume 5 Issue 6, n.º 5 (2012): 563–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/jasss_305.

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جواد, هدى, e عباس عبود. "إقليم ارّان في عهد الأمراء والحكام السلجوقيين ( 468- 556هـ)". Uruk Journal 15, n.º 3-P1 (22 de setembro de 2022): 1532–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52113/uj05/022-15/1532-1545.

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The Caucasus has witnessed a lot of political fluctuations, and the Aran region was among these countries that were ruled by the Islamic Arab Emirates, which inherited the rule there, including the Musafir, the pioneers, and the Shaddadis, whose reign ended at the hands of the Seljuks in the fifth century AH / eleventh century AD and the region of Aran was under their control in The time of Sultan Al-Malikshah bin Arslan the Seljuk after he cut this region off to his greatest commander named Sautkin, who in turn was able to end the rule of the Shaddadiyah Emirate, and the region remained under the control of the Seljuks for a period of time until weakness and turmoil began to spread in their state and their influence gradually weakened in the region and the influence of the affiliated Atabeg princes became stronger the Seljuks, including Shams Al-Din Elylakuz, who in turn took control of the rule and inherited the sons of the rule from several, and thus the rule in the region shifted from the rulers of the Seljuks to the Atabeg Ildekze .

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Canbakal Ataoglu, Nihan. "Education of basic arts by touching Seljukian inheritance". Global Journal of Arts Education 7, n.º 4 (29 de dezembro de 2017): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjae.v7i3.972.

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In this study, the transformation process of workshop with a theme of “Touching Seljukian Inheritance” from theory to application, organized in cooperation with the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design in Selcuk University within the scope of Education of Basic Arts, instructed in Black Sea Technical University, Trabzon Vocational School, Department of Textile. During the workshop period that lasted two days, such characteristics as architecture, shapes, patterns and textures are analyzed in Konya Mevlana Museum, Alaaddin Mosque, Karatay Sircalı Medrese and Slender MinaretMedrese, these characteristic elements are used for application after theyare designed in accordance with principles of basic design. Following the workshop, the designs applied on a paper are transformed into lacework, various fabrics, sack clothes, ribbons, threads, flakes and paillettes, beads, mats, buttons and such other materials as aprons, bags, covers, hats, all of which made from leather and tulle, designed for daily use. The study is also involved the basic principles of design and the characteristic elements of buildings that created the urban identity, the process of manufacture from theory to application and the educational outcomes of this class for students. Keywords:Basic design, design, theory, application, textile, identity

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Kennedy, H. "The Formation of Turkey: The Seljukid Sultanate of Rum, Eleventh to Fourteenth Centuries". English Historical Review 118, n.º 475 (1 de fevereiro de 2003): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/118.475.189.

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Dezfouli, Fahimeh Mokhber. "Alevism-Bektashism From Seljuks to Ottomans and Safavids; A Historical Study". ALEVİLİK-BEKTAŞİLİK ARAŞTIRMALARI DERGİSİ, n.º 17 (16 de julho de 2018): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24082/2018.abked.70.

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Alevi-Bektashi is one of the significant orders which was formed in Anatolia in 13th AD. Haj Bektash Veli, as the founder of the order, migrated to Anatolia from the focal point of Sufism, Khorasan. Probably Haj Bektash Veli was the caliph of Baba Elyas Khorasani, who was the leader of the Baba’i uprising that shook the foundations of the Seljuks in Anatolia in the first half of the 13th century. Eventually, the Seljuks could defeat them by the Frankish forces aid. Loss of his brother in the battle was enough for Haj Bektash to avoid a new military confrontation with the Seljuks, however, followed the intellectual path of the Baba’is in the rest of his life. Many factors such as the religious beliefs of Turks in the pre-Islamic era, the prevailing Sufi thoughts in Anatolia and Christianity affected the Bektashis during their long history. The backbone of the order was the cultural and religious tolerance that found several adherents in Anatolia. In Ottoman era Bektashiya became the official order that spiritually led the Jannissaries. Alevi-Bektashi also was influenced by other streams of thoughts such as Hurufis and the shi’i propaganda of the Safavid sheikhs. This article by historical approach examine the formation of Alevi-Bektashi order and clarifies how they were influenced and then had their impact on the history of Iran and Turkey.

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Karakök, Tunay. "The Political and Religious Status in Seljukian Anatolia in 1200s". Selçuklu Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi, n.º 6 (31 de dezembro de 2021): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47702/sema.2021.14.

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Tekinalp, V. Macit. "Palace churches of the Anatolian Seljuks: tolerance or necessity?" Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 33, n.º 2 (setembro de 2009): 148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174962509x417645.

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Gebrallah, Salwa. "Abbasid-Byzantine Relations during the Seljuk Era". International Journal of Educational Sciences and Arts 2, n.º 10 (17 de dezembro de 2023): 70–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.59992/ijesa.2023.v2n10p2.

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This study aims to highlight the Abbasid-Byzantine relations during the Seljuk era and to identify the early historical features of the political relations between the two countries. The study also aims to identify the origin and lineage of the Seljuks and determine the nature of the relationship between the Seljuks and the Byzantine state. In addition, it tackles the most important military battles between the two states and their most important results. In addition, to know the military power of the Seljuk state and how they prepare and arrange their military forces. The importance of this study comprises the political relations of the Seljuk state with the Byzantine state, the emergence of the Seljuks as a main military force that had a major role in changing the interior political situation of the Abbasid state and limited the political and military influence of the Byzantine state, This study relied on historical, descriptive, and analytical methods as well as a list of historical sources and references. The results demonstrate the important aspect of the exterior relations of the Seljuk state and the importance of Byzantine state power, which represented one of the major global states at that time. The study also clarifies the important aspects of the history of the two states. The results also show that the relation between the two states was not always belligerent and hostile, but rather peaceful and friendly sometimes. The most important recommendations include the interest in studying the foreign relations of the Seljuk state. Besides, the importance of studying the economic, commercial and social history of the Seljuk state to determine their role and the extent of their great civilizational contribution in the development of the history of the Islamic state.

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Peacock, A. C. S. "Georgia and the Anatolian Turks in the 12th and 13th centuries". Anatolian Studies 56 (dezembro de 2006): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154600000806.

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AbstractThis article presents a study of the political and military relations of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Muslims of Anatolia from the 12th century AD up to the Mongol conquest of the region in the mid 13th century. Georgia's expansion during the 12th century and the web of marriage alliance that the Muslim rulers of Anatolia wove to protect themselves drew her into conflict even with distant principalities with which she shared no border, such as the Artukids of Mardin. Meanwhile, Erzurum appears to have been obliged to acknowledge Georgian suzerainty for much of the 12th and early 13th centuries. In the 13th century, however, the Mongol threat forced the Seljuks of Rüm and Georgia to form an alliance, and Georgians came to form a significant part of the Seljuk army. This alliance was sealed with a marriage between the Seljuk sultan and a member of the Georgian ruling house, the Bagratids, and the Seljuks appear to have derived prestige from their association with the Bagratid dynasty.

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ÖZEL, Nilüfer. "AS A GRAPHIC SYMBOL DOUBLE HEADED KARTAL IN ANATOLIAN SELJUKS". Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication 8, n.º 3 (1 de julho de 2018): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/10803100/009.

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PİYADEOĞLU, Cihan. "Festivals and Festival Celebrations in the Ghaznavids and the Great Seljuks". Journal of Turkish Studies Volume 5 Issue 4, n.º 5 (2010): 1412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.1707.

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Ayalon, David. "The Mamlūks of the Seljuks: Islam's Military Might at the Crossroads". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 6, n.º 3 (novembro de 1996): 305–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300007756.

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The study of the Mamlūks under the Seljuks is of pivotal significance, because those Mamlūks formed the essential connecting link between their predecessors in the ‘Abbāsid Caliphate and their successors in the Sultanates of the Zangids, the Ayyūbids and the Mamlūks of Egypt and Syria on the one hand, and in the Sultanate of the Ottomans on the other. They were also part of an exceptionally important stage in the ethnic transformation which those Mamlūks underwent with the progress of time.

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Tereci, Ayşegül. "Biophilic wisdom of the thirteenth and fourteenth century Seljukians’ Mosque architecture in Beyşehir, Anatolia". Architectural Science Review 63, n.º 1 (27 de setembro de 2019): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2019.1665983.

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Hassan, Dr Sulaf Faiz Ullah. "Attributes of luxury and luxury during the Seljuks in the Abbasid period". ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 221, n.º 2 (1 de setembro de 2017): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v221i2.448.

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The Seljuk appearance on the scene may point a new era in the history of the Arab-Islamic state, as he took on the rule of the State of Great Seljuk six of the sultans of the powerful, who have had impact on the expansion of the Seljuk states, was their era of well-known luxury and extravagance Ages in their palaces inside Baghdad, it is of bright Ages, which began from (429-552h / 1037-1157m) since Tughril to the Sultan Sanjar, which is the last sultan of the Seljuks powerful, which was squeezed from the longest times in this country, with longer duration of his reign nearly sixty years, and speeches to him on the platforms in the Iraqis and the Levant, Diyarbakir and hit the rail in his name and dubbed many titles as dubbed his predecessors, and they boast the titles, palaces, clothes and ornaments of rare and precious jewels, as well as furniture and decorations in their homes are very overpriced

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KEMALOĞLU, Muhammet. "Türkiye Selçuklu Tarihi Birinci Elden Kaynakları / The History of Turkish Seljuk’s in Primary Resources". Journal of History Culture and Art Research 2, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v2i3.212.

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Öz Tarih geçmişteki olaylara ait bilgilerin keşfi, toplanması, bir araya getirilmesi ve sunulması bilimidir. Geçmişteki olaylara ilişkin tüm bilgiler, olayların vuku bulduğu dönemin şartları göz önüne alınarak nesnel bir şekilde sunulmalıdır. Bu nedenle de tarih yazıcılığında birinci elden kaynaklar çok önemlidir. Geçmişe doğru gidildikçe karşılaştırılacak kaynak azlığı var olan eseri daha iyi tenkit etmeyi gerektirmektedir. Türkiye Selçukluları tarihi, kültür ve medeniyeti ile ilgili olarak bugüne kadar birçok araştırma ve çalışma yapılmış ve bu çalışmalarda çok kıymetli eserler ve vesikalar ortaya çıkarılarak yayınlanmıştır. Ancak yapılan bu çalışmalar Türkiye Selçukluları devrini yeterince aydınlatamamıştır. Bu çalışmada ise Türkiye Selçukluları devrine ait birinci elden kaynakları ve bu eserleri yazan müelliflerin önde gelenleri tanıtılarak dönemle ilgili çalışma yapacaklara yardımcı olmaktır. Abstract History is the science of discovery, collection, gathering and presentation of the information belonging to past events. All of the information related to past events should be presented objectively by taking the conditions of the period in which the events have occurred into consideration. Therefore, primary sources are very important in historiography. The scarcity of the resources towards to the past needs the present work to be criticized better. Many studies related to the history, culture and civilization of Turkish Seljuks have been done and considerably valuable works and documents have been revealed and published. However, these studies were not able to enlighten the period of Turkish Seljuks sufficiently. In this study, by introducing the primary sources and their authors, it is aimed to help the ones who will study this period.

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Tuğrul, Mehmet, e Murat Çelik. "An Evaluation on the Roots of Free Education in the Tradition of Islamic Education". Yuksekogretim Dergisi 13, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2023): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2399/yod.23.1198807.

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This paper is about the financial roots of education, and its main subject is the education designed by the Muslims. The Muslims have created education as a charitable institution that wherever they are located, all geographies are included in this. Because they have accepted education as one of their social duties and basic responsibilities so that knowledge can be transferred from generation to generation. Undoubtedly, this approach resulted in education being free. In this respect, it has been at the basis of free education, which is based on both religious reasons and practices. Thus, free education of good quality has been maintained since the first practices [from the first Muslim educational institutions], which is related to the first period, which continues until the Seljuks and Ottomans. In this study, it will be shown that the Muslims’ tradition of free education is based on the orders of the Holy Qur’an and the Prophet’s life. It is also shown how this foundation was shaped in the first Muslim states. In the justification of the study, the information contained in the books of siyer and hadith corpus was used. It was also benefited from the information in the sources included in the secondary value. The following result was obtained from the research that the free education among the Muslims is associated with the Holy Qur’an and the Prophet. It stems from the practices of the Prophet. This situation showed itself in the Seljuks and Ottomans, so it found an application area in the Muslim states that emerged in the next period.

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Balivet, Michel, Mehmed Fuad Koprulu e Gary Leiser. "The Seljuks of Anatolia: Their History and Culture According to Local Muslim Sources". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 37, n.º 4 (1994): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3632667.

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BEDİRHAN, Yaşar. "SELJUKS’ KIRIM/SUĞDAK POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELEPMENT OF ANATOLIAN TRADING". Journal of Academic Social Science Studies Volume 5 Issue 6, n.º 5 (2012): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/jasss_207.

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Olson, Alexander. "Working with Roman history: Attaleiates’ portrayal of the Normans". Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 41, n.º 1 (16 de março de 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/byz.2016.25.

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This paper suggests that Michael Attaleiates, the eleventh-century Byzantine historian, purposefully changed the ethnic label for his contemporary Norman mercenaries from ‘Frank’ to ‘Latin’ in order to portray these figures as ethnically close to the Byzantines of his own day. In addition, it suggests that Attaleiates’ motives for such a portrayal lay in his argument that Norman mercenaries were a potential solution to the empire's challenges with the Seljuks. This article examines the ways in which Attaleiates positively portrayed Norman mercenaries in Byzantium, and how he crafted historical parallels between them and the Latins of Byzantium's Roman past.

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Ozturk, Mahmut Sami, e Mustafa Turker Turkoglu. "THE APPLICABILITY OF ANATOLIAN SELJUKS ART'S GEOMETRY TO TODAY'S CITY AESTHETIC (IN KONYA REGION)". Idil Journal of Art and Language 6, n.º 28 (31 de dezembro de 2016): 167–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7816/idil-05-28-11.

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Lindner, Rudi Paul. "A History of the Seljuks: Ịbrahim Kafesoǧlu's Interpretation and the Resulting Controversy. Gary Leiser". Speculum 67, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1992): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2863791.

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Muhammad, Omar. "The Seljuki Expansion in Asia Minor in the 5th Century Hijrah / 11th Century A.D." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Arts and Humanities 14, n.º 1 (2006): 35–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/art.14-1.6.

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Winter, Meredyth Lynn. "When Curtains Fall: A Shape-Shifting Silk of the Late Abbasid Period". Medieval Globe 6, n.º 1 (2020): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17302/tmg.6-1.3.

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A silk intended for administrative use under the Buyids—the dynasty which ruled on behalf of the Abbasid caliphs from roughly 934 to 1062—was deconstructed under their successors, the Seljuks of Iran (1038–1194), so as to efface its associations with the defunct dynasty. When twentieth-century scholars re-established the piece's connection to the Buyids, linking the piece directly to the emir Bahāʼ al-Dawlah, they ironically overlooked the Seljuk alterations and their implications. Following the silk through its several iterations, this article argues that, for late Abbasid-era elites navigating a changing political terrain, re-use became a means of maintaining their standing in society, as well as an act of preservation for the silk itself.

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Baykara, Tarık, e Mehmet Cengiz Işık. "Physical Characterization, Microstructural Evaluation, and Condition Assessment of Ancient Ahlat Tombstones in the Seljukian Cemetery of Ahlat (Turkey)". International Journal of Architectural Heritage 10, n.º 8 (12 de maio de 2016): 1025–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2016.1181227.

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Kotliar, Elena Romanovna, e Vladimir Aleksandrovich Khlevnoi. "Seljuk Code in the Cultural Landscape of Crimea". Философия и культура, n.º 12 (dezembro de 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0757.2022.12.39248.

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The subject of the study is the Seljuk cultural code in the cultural landscape of the Crimea. The object of the study is the Seljuk style in the decorative and applied arts and architecture of the Crimea. The article uses the following methods: culturological (ontological and semiotic) analysis in deciphering the meanings of Seljuk elements, the method of historicism in the ontology of Seljuks in the Crimea, the method of analysis of previous studies, the method of synthesis in the identification of ethnic signs. The article discusses the following aspects of the topic: The semantics of the Seljuk code in the cultural landscape of the Crimea is revealed, examples and ways of applying Seljuk stylistics in decorative and applied art and architectural decor of modern and postmodern are considered. 1. The multinational cultural landscape of Crimea consists of the cultures of ethnic groups that inhabited the Crimea in different periods. The leading marker of the definition and self-determination of ethnic groups is religion and folk mythology, embodied in national traditions. A clear example demonstrating ethnic identity and its continuity is folk art. 2. The appearance of the Seljuks in Crimea and the wide spread of the Seljuk style, which has become one of the main components of the "Crimean style" in modern and postmodern architecture, is not accidental and is due to centuries-old ethnic migrations and the mutual influence of cultures. The Seljuk style, therefore, ceases to be purely ethnic, and becomes part of the cultural landscape of the Crimea, used in the decor regardless of the ethnic origin of the author / owner. 3. A special contribution of the authors to the study is the identification and justification of the Seljuk code as one of the main ones in the Crimean stylistics. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the semiotic and stylistic analysis of the Seljuk code in the cultural landscape of the Crimea.

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Połczyński, Michael. "Seljuks on the Baltic: Polish-Lithuanian Muslim Pilgrims in the Court of Ottoman Sultan Süleyman i". Journal of Early Modern History 19, n.º 5 (2 de setembro de 2015): 409–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-12342468.

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The unique authorship of the Risâle-i Tatar-i Leh, created in 1558 for Ottoman Grand Vezier Rüstem Pasha and Sultan Süleymân i by Polish-Lithuanian Muslim pilgrims and members of the Ottoman ulema, brings to light critical issues faced by one of early modern Christendom’s largest integrated Muslim populations. This document encourages further exploration of several aspects of the Muslim population of early modern Poland-Lithuania: the stratification of Muslim society, the ways in which both Ottoman and Polish-Lithuanian myths of origin and legitimizing narratives were combined to justify conflict between fellow Muslims and the loyalty of Muslim settlers to non-Muslim rulers, Polish-Lithuanian Muslims as a branch of the greater Islamic ecumene, the legal status and social hierarchies of Muslims in an emerging early modern republic, and the role of the Ottoman Sultan as the facilitator of the hajj and millenarian world-conqueror vis-á-vis Muslims residing outside of the dâr al-Islâm.

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Aydiner, Cihan, e Hasan Bilgin. "The Strategic Utility of Turkish Special Operations Forces from the Seljuks to the Republic of Turkey". Special Operations Journal 6, n.º 2 (2 de julho de 2020): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23296151.2020.1820815.

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Jasem, Tay Hatham. "Justice in Khawaja Nidham-ul- Mulk's Siyasatnama". JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 2, n.º 3 (22 de agosto de 2023): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.2.3.18.

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In this research, a reference is made to the book entitled “Siasatnama” by Khawaja Nidhamul-Mulk. No important indicator isspotted but only the topic of justice. Thus, the research is entitled"justice in the Siasatnama by Khawaja Nidhamul-Mulk”.Based on this, thinkers explore the history of political thoughtstarting with the ideas of Greeks, looking for the visions of Plato andAristotle, and pointing to the roots of political schools. But KhawajaNidhamul-Mulk did not address any old political school from Greece orelsewhere; and if the statements of Khawaja Nidhamul-Mulk and hispolicy for nearly 30 years in the ministry of Seljuks are reviewed, thereis nothing but social justice, fighting injustice and encouraging theexpanding of science.The research is divided into three sections; the first is related tothe following topics:- Khawaja Nidhamul-Mulks Biography- ministry of Nidhamul-Mulk- the mysterious killing of Nidhamul-Mulk

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Bayramov, M. J. "THE CAUCASIAN POLICY OF THE SELJUK STATE IN TURKISH HISTORIOGRAPHY". Globus 7, n.º 1(58) (4 de fevereiro de 2021): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2658-5197-58-1-3.

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The Caucasus region has always been in the center of attention of great powers, as it is located in a very favorable geographical area. The Caucasus was also of great importance to the Seljuk Turks, who established a state after a decisive victory over the Ghaznavids in the Battle of Dandanakan. As it is known, after the establishment of the Seljuk state by the Turks, their main policy was to advance to the west, to seize Anatolia and turn Anatolia into Turkish lands. The Caucasus region was the gateway to Anatolia. From this point of view, the Caucasus was of great military-strategic importance for the Seljuks. However, the study of the Caucasian policy of the Seljuk Turks began a little late in Turkish historiography. The article examines the research work written on this topic and determines the level of study of the topic in Turkish historiography.

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Prudnikov, V. V. "SECOND INTERNATIONAL SELJUK HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SYMPOSIUM: IRAN (II. ULUSLARARASI SELÇUKLU TARIHI COĞRAFYASI İRAN SEMPOZYUMU), October 13–15, 2022". Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, n.º 2 (24) (2023): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2023-2-131-135.

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The review is devoted to the «Second International Seljuk Historical and Geographical Symposium Iran (II. Uluslararası Selçuklu Tarihi Coğrafyası İran Sempozyumu)», which was held on October 13–15, 2022 in Konya (Republic of Turkey) on the basis of the Center for Research on Seljuk Culture and Civilization of the University of Nacmettin Erbakan (Selçuklu Kültür Ve Medeniyeti Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi) with the support of the Turkish Historical Society (Türk Tarih Kurumu) and the Seljuk Municipality of Konya (Selçuklu Belediyesi, Konya). This event is held regularly, traditionally receives wide coverage in the Turkish media and every time causes a great public outcry. The previous Symposium (Uluslararası Selçuklu Tarihi Coğrafyası Suriye-Filistin–Irak Sempozyumu) was held on October 25–27, 2019 and was devoted to the study of topical issues in the history of the Seljuks in the regions of Iraq, Syria and Palestine.

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UYKUR, Ramazan. "(Two Masjid Around Baku İçeri Şeher Remaining From Seljuks: Sinig Gala (Muhammed) (1078) And Ashur (1169) Masjids)". Journal of Turkish Studies Volume 7 Issue 4-II, n.º 7 (2012): 3113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.4011.

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ÇELİK, Rıfat İlhan. "THE ACTIVITIES AND STRUGGLES OF TURKEY'S SELJUKI PRINCES IN ANKARA BEFORE THE RULE OF THE ANKARA AKHIS". Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 7, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 188–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.47088/utad.1387258.

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Türkiye Selçukluları zamanında Ankara şehri, Selçuklu şehzadelerinin birbirleri ile mücadele ettikleri önemli bir mekân olmuştur. Tarihi kaynaklarda bu mekânın Türk hakimiyetine giriş tarihi belli değildir. Buna rağmen 1073-1101 yılları şehirde ilk Türk hakimiyetinin görüldüğü yıllar olur. Selçuklu şehzadelerinden Sultan I. Kılıç Arslanoğlu Melik Arap, 1110 yılından sonra şehre gelir ve burada Selçuklu hakimiyetini tesis eder. Ankara şehri 1124-1127 yılları arasında Melik Arap ve Danişmendli Emir Gazi arasındaki mücadelelerde sık sık el değiştirir. 1127 yılında ise Danişmendli Emir Gazi, arka arkaya Melik Arap karşısında başarılı olarak Ankara’yı ele geçirir. Bundan sonra Ankara’da 1142 yılına kadar Danişmendli hakimiyeti yaşanır. 1142 yılında ise Sultan Mesud başta Ankara olmak üzere Çankırı, Kastamonu, Kayseri ve Malatya’yı Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’ne tekrar bağlı hale getirir. Sultan Mesud’un ölümünden sonra ise Ankara şehri sık sık iktidar mücadelelerinin yaşandığı bir bölge olur. Şehirde sırasıyla Melik Şahinşah-Sultan II. Kılıç Arslan, Melik Muhyiddin Mesud-II. Süleymanşah, Melik Alâeddin Keykubâd- İzzeddin Keykâvus mücadeleleri yaşanmıştır.

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Ors, Husniye. "Early practices of the concept of voluntary simple living in history: voluntary simple living through akhism system in Seljukian-Ottoman period". Pressacademia 3, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2016): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.17261/pressacademia.2016321983.

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Mushtaq Ahmed, Y. A., e Z. H. Subhani. "A Study on the History of the Great Seljuk Empire (1037 CE – 1194 CE) in Light of the Cyclical Theory of Social Change of Ibn Khaldūn and Vilfredo Pareto". Global Journal Al-Thaqafah 10, n.º 1 (31 de julho de 2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7187/gjat072020-6.

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The history of human society is the history of change and there are many different theories which look at change and development. This paper intends to investigate the history of the Great Seljuk Empire (1037-1194 CE), the events that led to its rise and decline in light of the cyclical theory, especially those propounded by two sociologists: Ibn Khaldūn and Vilfredo Pareto. The former is a medieval thinker while the latter a contemporary. In doing so, the paper aims to make a comparison between Ibn Khaldūn and Vilfredo Pareto. The principles of thematic content analysis are followed on the translated works of the authors to achieve the objective. The rise of the Seljuks is understood with the concept of ‘aṣabīyah in the nomadic pastoral society (‘umrān badawī) and its disappearance in the sedentary society (‘umrān ḥaḍarī). Similarly, the struggle of power within the Seljuk Empire is deconstructed with the understanding of the concepts of ‘lions’ and ‘foxes’ as propounded by Vilfredo Pareto in his explanation on the circulation of elites.

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Mihaljinec, Ivana, e Erdal Eser. "Divriği Hospital - Medieval Healing Venue and Its Acoustic Characteristics". Randwick International of Social Science Journal 3, n.º 1 (16 de janeiro de 2022): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v3i1.376.

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Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital as one of the World heritage monuments on UNESCO’s list was the subject of research. More precisely, the focus was on the architecture and the acoustic characteristics of the hospital built in 1228/1229 by Mengüjeck dynasty, a branch of Anatolian Seljuks. For the analysis purposes, a 3D model of the hospital was created, and the acoustic simulation was conducted. The results of the acoustic analysis show that the architectural characteristics of the hospital fulfill the acoustic standards for the good reception of the sound for the audience, and that it can be concluded that Divriği hospital venue supports the hypothesis of being suitable for the healing purposes. Hospital was designed to support the sound realization and to support the environmental soundscape in conjunction with the sounding makams, which supports the music therapy healing effect. It can be concluded that music therapy had acoustical support in the construction of Anatolian Seljuk hospitals, which have characteristics of concert halls and were built as acoustic (music) venues.

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Karadayı Yenice, Tülay. "The conservation and restoration performances under Seljuk Architectural Patronage". Journal of Human Sciences 17, n.º 1 (21 de janeiro de 2020): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i1.5723.

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The aim of this study is to expose the similarities between the restoration, conservation, and also reparation works focused on the monumental and public building under the Architectural Patronage of Seljuk Sultans in Anatolia. Reparations and present restoration approach through the protection – reparation examples they made in their periods. The research method is based on a comparative analysis of the approaches followed in the restoration and restoration of monumental structures built by previous civilizations in the territories dominated by the Seljuk state of Anatolia. In the scope of the study Aspendos Theatre, Aksaray Sultan Caravanserai and Sultan Alaaddin Bridge will be taken up it will be tried to understand the principles in the restoration efforts of the Anatolian Seljuks and light the way for the present restoration studies with the achieved accumulation and experience. As a result of the research, the findings indicate that the modern Seljuk state era has been applied to the repair-conservation of monumental monuments very close to the contemporary principles of contemporary restoration.

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Bayındır, Abdullah. "An Appraisal of the Throne Fights in the Seljuks (Throne Fights in the Meliksah (Malik Shah) Period, 1072-1092)". Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences 18, n.º 1 (22 de janeiro de 2019): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.21547/jss.477424.

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Ogli, Rajapov Pirnazar Sardor. "The conflicts between the seljuks and the turkic dynasties in central asia in the first half of the 11th century". Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research 12, n.º 1 (2023): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2023.00019.8.

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Iljazi, Ajsel, e Mahmut Mahmut. "THE MOVEMENT OF THE TURKISH LITERATURE". Knowledge International Journal 28, n.º 7 (10 de dezembro de 2018): 2367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28072367a.

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The movement of Turkish literature is divided into several broad periods of Turkish writers. Older literature covers the period from the Seljuks (900-1300) and the Ottoman period (1300-1922). The early period of the Ottoman literature, until the 16th century, was influenced by the Persian ideas, and after the 1520s, Arab ideas began to dominate.The movement of Turkish literature is often a part of political movements. Turkish patriotism gradually replaced the old Ottoman and Muslim traditions. This publicatoin will focus on the influence of the West, in particular the French concept of nationalism in Turkish Literature.The Young Turk Revolution, World War I, the Turkish War of Independence and the Reformation of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk all profoundly influenced the development of modern Turkish literature."New Turkish Literature" is a literary genre developed and transformed in parallel with Western effects. Starting from the birth until the 19th century, it is possible to mention the existence of Turkish literature formed under the influence of Central Asia and the Orient.The "New Turkish Literature" is a literary reflection of pro-Western oriented Turks, or the modernization process that began in 1839 in the Tanzimat period (Reorganization).

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