Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Sea voyages"

This dissertation is concerned with the idea of play. It argues for seeing play in Foucaultian terms, not as a privileged 'object' existing concretely in the world, but as discursively constructed in a range of intersecting and sometimes competing fields. Two orders of discourse that produce play, one explicitly and one implicitly, are investigated here for the ways in which they contribute to constructions of power. In the first, scholarly discourse systematically constructs play as a problem that can only be understood through the academic practices of reading, writing, and 'objective' analysis, privileging reason as the hegemonic way of knowing and the scholar as authority. An archaeological analysis demonstrates how this discourse constructs the academic as an external observer rather than as a player, systematically 'writing out' not only the playing subject, but also the imaginative, performative, and sensuous knowledges of play. In the second order of discourse studied here, the re-enactment of legendary sea voyages, these knowledges are privileged. A genealogical analysis demonstrates how these disparate seafaring events systematically construct a discourse of play through voyagers' imaginative performance of discourses of, for example, exploration, adventure, masculinity, and legend. Attention to the construction of power in these voyaging performances also functions to provide a critique of the academic discourse of play. Alternating chapters on scholarly and voyaging discourses thus productively illuminates the struggle over knowledges of play and of the past - but also for the authority of different ways of knowing.

This thesis is about the historical geography of scientific knowledge production at sea. It focuses on three expeditions of exploration and discovery undertaken, respectively, by France, the United States of America, and Britain, that in the late 1830s sailed into the southern oceans. These voyages marked the last such expeditions to travel by sail alone and came before an acknowledged period of specialized interest in investigating the oceans and the marine environment, exemplified by the sailing of HMS Challenger in 1872. The expeditions share a commonality of period and of destination: their study together provides a hitherto overlooked opportunity to analyse practices of experimentation on, and investigation of, the natural history and physical properties of the marine environment that were integral to the construction of scientific knowledge about the oceans at that time. By attention to archival records, personal correspondence, diaries, published travel narratives and representations of marine phenomena in the form of illustrations, sketches, preserved specimens and displays of numerical material, this thesis examines quotidian shipboard practices to show how the production of scientific ‘facts’ was a matter of constant negotiation between people, weather, instruments and vessels – that occurred as a by-product of the running of the ship as well as of more defined programmes of study by civilian naturalists and naval staff. Informed by work in the history of science, Science and Technology Studies (STS) and Actor-Network Theory (ANT), this thesis highlights how attending to practice in the ambiguous, heterotopic space that was the expedition vessel can reveal the origins of a new, specialized, discipline: what I call here a proto-oceanography. This covers those scientific practices undertaken primarily at sea and from the ship: depth measurement, sea temperature and chemistry, the height of waves, collection of marine specimens and coastal topography, but not those primarily land-based activities such as astronomy, meteorology and terrestrial magnetism. By focusing on work carried out on board ship rather than on land, this thesis offers new insights into the practices of marine investigation and experimentation and the complexities of interrogating a space which was visualised primarily through instruments. This thesis examines how at-sea cultures of collection, measurement and representation can inform geographically nuanced analyses of the production of scientific knowledge.

Dans les récits de voyages des années 1800, la région de la mer Baltique est présentée commeun espace de découverte diversifié – c’est en quelque sorte un patchwork multicolore deconstructions imagologiques. Pourtant, la conception d’une région de la mer Baltique étaitdéjà fondée à l’époque de la «Sattelzeit» sur le besoin de pouvoir situer les riverains de la merBaltique comme une unité culturelle, quelque part dans le grand Nord. Dans l’imaginationdes voyageurs en 1800, la région de la mer Baltique est en fait déjà cet espace d’interactionset d’imbrications qui constitue la base évidente des approches modernes de la recherche.Bien sûr, il y avait les divers royaumes, provinces ou villes qui jouèrent un rôle pour lesvoyageurs. Cela ne signifie pourtant pas qu’il soit impossible de retrouver dans les récits devoyages certains points communs, manifestés sous forme d’un caractère «nordique»supérieur de ces riverains. C’est pourquoi ce caractère «nordique» est sans cesse exprimédans les récits de voyages à partir de divers niveaux de perception – dans la description de lanature, de la mer, du climat, mais aussi dans les perceptions des villes et les rencontresculturelles. Par conséquent, la littérature de voyage indique une tendance qui est égalementimportant pour la recherche historique actuelle: une évaluation de la région de la merBaltique comme un macro-région unique, qui accepte aussi les différences dans leursdifférents pays et régions
This Franco-German analysis examines the Baltic Sea region as a center for cultural exchangebased on German and French travel reports from 1750 to 1815 in a comparative perspective.The objective is to examine the countries around the Baltic Sea as places of encounter fortravelers and to raise the awareness of historical travel research and research of culturalexchange for the subject ‘space’. This approach scrutinizes several forms of German andFrench imaginations of nature, sea shore and different forms of urbanity, but also theperception and reception of identities and alterities, the consolidation and the departure ofstereotypes as well as the possibilities and limits of cultural transfer processes by travelling.Furthermore, this approach allows to gain a deeper understanding of the progress of complexphenomena such as, ‘percipience', 'contemplation' and 'delineating' of foreign cultures in aperiod which was marked by a radical change in socio-political and cultural thinking

On 10 February 1964 during naval night exercises off the south coast of Australia, the destroyer HMAS Voyager was lost after colliding with the aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne. 82 men were killed. Following the collision, there were two Royal Commissions that sustained a political controversy that lasted for over four years. This thesis examines the loss of Voyager as a watershed in the operational and administrative history of the RAN and as a major event in Australian national history. This study has four broad objectives: to describe the loss of Voyager and the long running controversy that accompanied the disaster; to offer a convincing explanation of the causes of the collision and why two royal commissions concluded that the causes for the disaster were inexplicable; to assess the effect on the RAN, in terms of specific reforms and its influence on Service culture and professional ethos, of the disaster and the inquiries that followed; and finally, to analyse the loss of Voyager as a media and political cause celebre in Australian history. As so little has been written about Voyager using primary sources, this thesis was committed to detailed description of events as well as analysis of themes. This thesis draws upon an extensive body of primary source material in the form of official naval and Royal Commission records to which complete access was given; several large collections of private papers; over one hundred interviews with principal participants; and comprehensive files of press cuttings. The discussion seeks to demonstrate that a series of naval accidents preceding the loss of Voyager contributed in a substantial way to shaping the public reaction to, and political handling of, the disaster; that the method of inquiry played a major role in generating public and political disquiet; that the collision was both a catalyst and stimulus to change in naval operations and reform in naval administration; that the inability of two Royal Commissions to ascertain the causes of the collision and then to public suspicion of a cover-up; and, that the collision was most probably caused by the incorrect relaying of a tactical signal on the bridge of Voyager. The loss of HMAS Voyager appears to be a key event in the development of the RAN, not as a direct result of the collision or its causes, but as a consequence of its long and controversial aftermath.

This research study seeks to evaluate the techno-economic and environmental implications of a variety of aero-derivative marine gas turbine cycles that have been modelled for the propulsion of different types of merchant ships. It involves the installation and operation of gas turbine propulsion systems in different marine environmental conditions and aims to evaluate the effect of the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic variations expected to be encountered by these ships when they navigate across different climates and oceans along selected fixed trade routes. A combination of simulation tools developed in Cranfield University at the Department of Power and Propulsion including the validated gas turbine modelling and simulation code called “Turbomatch” and the “APPEM” simulation code for the analysis and Prediction of exhaust pollutants have been used along with the ongoing development of an integrated marine gas turbine propulsion system simulation platform known as “Poseidon”. It is the main objective of this research to upgrade the competence level of “Poseidon” so as to facilitate the conduct of a variety of longer and more complex oceangoing voyage scenarios through the introduction of an ambient temperature variation numerical module. Expanding the existing code has facilitated the prediction of the effect of varying aerodynamic and hydrodynamic conditions that may be encountered by gas turbine propulsion systems when such ships navigate through unstable ocean environments along their fixed trade routes at sea. The consequences of operating the marine gas turbines under ideal weather conditions has been investigated and compared with a wide range of severe operating scenarios under unstable weather and sea conditions in combination with hull fouling has been assessed. The techno-economic and environmental benefits of intercooling/exhaust waste heat recuperation of the ICR model have been predicted through the evaluation of different ship propulsion performance parameters in a variety of voyage analysis leading to the prediction of fuel consumption quantities, emission of NOx, CO2, CO and UHCs and the estimation of the HPT blade life as well. The different gas turbine cycle configurations of the research were found to respond differently when operated under various environmental profiles of the ship’s trade route and the number of units for each model required to meet the power plant capacity in each scenario and for each ship was assessed. The study therefore adds to the understanding of the operating costs and asset management of marine gas turbine propulsion systems of any ocean carrier and in addition it reveals the economic potentials of using BOG as the main fuel for firing gas turbine propulsion plants of LNG Carriers.

This thesis explores the relationship between migration and disease in c.1830 – c.1860. Each chapter questions how convicts, emigrants and the surgeons who accompanied them thought about disease and in turn how disease changes how we understand migration historically. It is a study of the creation of medical knowledge across the geographical space of the voyage to Australia and emphasises an understanding of disease as a mental and physical interaction between humans and their environment. The thesis argues that this understanding allowed migrants and colonists to see disease at sea as a test of migrants’ and convicts’ fitness to colonise. The point of departure for this thesis is that the Australian sailing voyage provides a unique and prolonged tension between shipboard confinement and global movements through ever-changing, often extreme, oceanic climates. From this premise, six individual chapters follow the trajectory of the voyage from Britain to Australia. These chapters analyse individual disease such as cholera, fevers, scurvy and consumption, as well as deepening our understanding of the tropics and quarantine by rethinking these histories through a maritime dynamic. Throughout, the thesis analyses evidence in convict and emigrant ship surgeons’ journals, migrants’ diaries and published medical literature as its primary source material, supplemented by government reports and contemporary newspapers. Collectively, the chapters of the thesis connect conventionally separate histories of medicine, convict transportation, colonial emigration, and British welfare and prison reform. By exploiting a uniquely maritime tension between shipboard confinement and global migration, the thesis provides a new way to understand the persistence of ideas about the relationship between people, environment, migration and disease in the modern period.

Depuis sa fréquentation par les premiers curistes étrangers en 1820 jusqu’à l’édification du pont de Saint-Nazaire et de la Route Bleue en 1975, le paysage de la Côte de Jade a connu de profondes mutations. Terre inculte et délaissée à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, cette partie du littoral atlantique devient, dès les premières années du XIXe siècle, la destination privilégiée de baigneurs étrangers attirés par les bienfaits des eaux ferrugineuses et des bains de mer. Le charme pittoresque de ce paysage caractérisé par l’alternance de côtes escarpées et de longues étendues de sable fin sous un couvert de pins maritimes invite à l’évasion et au dépaysement. D’abord réservées à l’exigence d’une clientèle aristocratique et bourgeoise, les stations deviennent au milieu du XXe siècle le rendez-vous d’un tourisme de masse et la silhouette de la côte est profondément modifiée. Ces villes de bord de mer sont le reflet des grandes mutations de la société et répondent à des contraintes fonctionnelles, morphologiques et idéologiques liées à leur implantation géographique et à leur époque. L’habitat balnéaire, représentatif des goûts de son propriétaire et de l’enthousiasme croissant des maîtres d’œuvre pour cette nouvelle architecture saisonnière, consacrée au repos et aux loisirs, est conditionné par la présence de la mer puis du soleil. Malgré la diffusion de modèles de construction dans les catalogues d’architecture, la liberté d’interprétation de ces programmes crée une importante diversité stylistique, spécifique à l’architecture balnéaire
Between the time that it was first frequented by foreign visitors taking the waters for their health in 1820 and the building of Saint Nazaire’s bridge and the Blue Road in 1975, the landscape of the Jade Coast has undergone significant changes. On virgin coastline that had been left undeveloped at the end of the 18th century, this part of the Atlantic coast became a favourite destination for foreign bathers in the early years of the 19th century, attracted by the benefits of chalybeate spring waters and the chance to bathe in the sea. The picturesque charm of this varied landscape, with its steep coast mixed with long sandy beaches and pine trees, was an invitation to enjoy an escape and a change of scenery. Having been initially devoted to the demands of an aristocratic and middle class clientele, seaside resorts became, in the middle of the twentieth century, the meeting place for large numbers of tourists and consequently the form of the coastline has been modified substantially. These seaside resorts reflect the profound changes to our society, and as well as being constrained by function, morphology and ideology, they are responses to their geographical location and to their date. Seaside housing reflects the taste of owners and a growing enthusiasm among developers for this new seasonal architecture dedicated to relaxation and leisure, architecture conditioned by the presence of the sea and the sun. Despite the spread of building models through architectural catalogues, the variety of interpretation of these models creates a broad stylistic diversity, which is specific to seaside resort architecture

Cette thèse de Doctorat tente d’appréhender l’espace dans l’œuvre d’Edouard Glissant. Pour le chantre du « Tout-Monde », l’espace ne peut se limiter à son île natale, la Martinique. En effet, contrairement à la vision occidentale classique de l’insularité, synonyme d’isolement, ce qui sous-tend et nourrit l’œuvre glissantienne est principalement l’appel des autres terres : non seulement l’archipel caribéen, avec lequel la Martinique partage le même passé esclavagiste et la même géographie accidentée, mais aussi l’ensemble de chaque empan du monde. Loin d’être l’île minuscule, perdue au milieu de l’Atlantique, dans l’ombre du continent américain, la Martinique en devient la préface. Bien plus, dans le sillage du « Tout-Monde », l’île antillaise connaît les mêmes dérives et les mêmes défis. La mer devient, de ce fait, le pont qui relie les terres en même temps qu’il aiguillonne l’imagination. Cette nouvelle perception de la mer est loin d’être une contre-verticale, elle est une nécessité. En raison de la traite et de l’amnésie qui lui est associée, l’histoire des « migrants nus » commence désormais avec le bateau négrier. Tout s’articule autour de cette nouvelle matrice, quand bien même elle serait déniée, où s’origine le chavirement permanent entre souffrance particulière et connaissance de l’Autre. Ainsi, au travers du vertige des mornes, des plantations et de l’ « En-ville », la Martinique apparaît comme un vaisseau fantôme qui garde jalousement ses secrets afin de pouvoir continuer à voguer…
This thesis tries to comprehend the space in the work of Edouard Glissant. For the bard of the “all-world”, the space is not limited to his native island, Martinique. Indeed, contrary to the classical westerner view of the insularity, what underlies and feeds the work of Edouard Glissant is mainly the appeal of lands, which means not only the Caribbean archipelago, but also every place in the world. The Martinique which is supposed to be the tiny island, lost in the middle of the Atlantic and kept in American continent’s shadow, becomes the preface of this one. on top of that, in the wake of the ”all-world”, the west Indian island experience the same drifts and the same challenges. Because of that, the sea becomes the link which gathers lands at the same time as it stimulates the imagination. The new sea’s perception is not a counter-vertical, but it is a necessity. Owing to the slave trade and the amnesia which is associated with, the story of the “naked migrants” begins henceforth with the slave ship. Everything is based on this new matrix, whatever it is denied, and in which the eternal swaying between particular suffering and the other’s knowledge has its roots. Thus, through the vertigo of mountains, plantations and the “in-town”, Martinique seems like a ghost vessel which keeps jealously its secrets in order to continue its voyage

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates the ways in which white subjectivity is shaped by colonial and imperial spaces. Jean Rhys’s Voyage in the Dark (1934), Marguerite Duras’s The Sea Wall (1952/1967) and Marlene van Niekerk’s Agaat (2004/2006) are vastly different novels from multifarious literary traditions, yet they join each other through their protagonists: white creole women. In this study, I engage most prominently with white creole female subjectivity, framing my study with theories of the subject proposed by Homi Bhabha and Judith Butler. In order to interrogate creolité, I draw on Bhabha’s concept of “thirdness” – a category signifying a position in-between binary categories of representation – and Butler’s conceptualisation of subjectivity/subjection, through which she highlights the ambivalences of the process of interpellation. I also read through lenses proposed by whiteness studies in the United States and South Africa, approaching creolité not as an indication of racial hybridity, but rather a term connoting cultural and political in-betweenness. As my discussions of the novels illustrate, white creole femininity in the (post)colony is a subject position through which intricate webs of “complicity and resistance” (Whitlock 349) have to be negotiated. Looking at the white creole women as textual constructs embedded in genres which advance a particular set of politics, I explore the ways in which the authors, through their novels and protagonists, navigate various political and cultural ambiguities and inconsistencies. Establishing the theoretical framework in the introductory first chapter, in Chapter 2 I read Rhys’s novel as a modernist text that elicits a particular postcolonial politics. I link the protagonist’s social alienation in London and the Caribbean to the experience of the middle passage; this is followed by an exploration of her sexuality with reference to the figures of the European prostitute and the ‘Hottentot’ Venus. In Chapter 3 I investigate Duras’s novel and trace the ways in which a family of impoverished “Colonial natives” (Duras 138) continually fail to establish themselves as ‘legitimate’ white colonials in (French colonial) Southeast Asia. Lastly, in Chapter 4, I approach Van Niekerk’s novel not only as a feminist re-writing of the plaasroman, but also as a “complicitous critique” (Warnes 121) that reflects nostalgically – yet critically – on Afrikaner nationalism. I show how the novel registers a vision of the quotidian that is uncomfortable and unhomely. Together, the three novels speak in highly comparable and complex ways about how white creole women experience (un)homeliness in the (post)colony. This thesis probes the extent to which the novels negotiate ‘home’ (or the lack thereof): displaced, alienated and often expressing forms of nostalgia, the protagonists struggle to establish forms of belonging in spaces within which they oscillate between opposed cultures, ideologies and politics. Ultimately, my study is crucially underscored by the question of displacement and estrangement (in various guises), and the way in which they inflect the establishment and performance of femininity.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die wyses waarop koloniale en imperiale ruimtes wit subjektiwiteit beïnvloed. Jean Rhys se Voyage in the Dark (1934), Marguerite Duras se The Sea Wall (1952/1967) en Marlene van Niekerk se Agaat (2004/2006) is uiteenlopende romans uit verskeie literêre tradisies: nietemin sluit hulle by mekaar aan deur hul hoofkarakters – wit kreoolse vroue. ‘n Bespreking van wit kreoolse vroulike subjektiwiteit vorm die grondslag van my studie, en ek struktureer dit rondom Homi Bhabha en Judith Butler se teorieë van subjektiwiteit. Ek benader kreoolsheid deur middel van Bhabha se konsep van “thirdness” – a kategorie wat ‘n plek tussen binêre opposisies aandui – asook Butler se teorie van “subjectivity/subjection” waarin sy the ambivalente proses van interpellasie belig. Verder lees ek die tekste met behulp van benaderings soos uiteengelê deur blankheid studies in die Verenigde State en Suid-Afrika. Ek beskou (wit) kreoolsheid dus nie as ‘n aanduiding van ras-hibrideit nie, maar eerder kulturele en politieke ambivalensie. My bespreking van die drie romans illustreer postkoloniale wit kreoolse vroulikheid as ‘n subjek-kategorie wat verwikkeld is in vorms van medepligtigheid én opstandigheid (Whitlock 349). Ek beskou die karakters as literêre konstrukte wat ingebed is in genres met spesifieke politieke standpunte. As sodanig, dink ek ook na oor die wyses waarop the outeurs, deur middel van hul romans en hoofkarakters, uiteenlopende politieke en kulturele teenstrydighede uitbeeld. In Hoofstuk 1 lê ek ‘n teoretiese raamwerk uiteen, en in Hoofstuk 2 beskou ek Rhys se roman as ‘n modernistiese teks wat terselfdertyd opvallende postkoloniale politieke temas bevat. Ek vergelyk die hoofkarakter se posisie as sosiale verstoteling in Londen en die Karibiese Eilande met die ervaring van die “middle passage”; daarna vergelyk ek haar seksualiteit met dié van die wit Europese prostituut en die ‘Hottentot’ Venus. In Hoofstuk 3 bespreek ek Duras se roman, en verken die wyses waarop ‘n gesin van “Koloniale inboorlinge” (Duras 138) in Suidoos Asië deurentyd misluk om rykdom en sosiale aansien te bekom. Laastens, in Hoofstuk 4, interpreteer ek Van Niekerk se roman nie net as ‘n feministiese herskrywing van die plaasroman nie, maar ook as ‘n “complicitous critique” (Warnes 121) wat nostalgies, maar ook op ‘n kritiese wyse, oor Afrikaner-nasionalisme nadink. Ek argumenteer verder dat die teks ‘n ongemaklike beeld van die alledaagse, asook die identifisering met die eie, skets. Wanneer die drie romans tesame beskou word, is dit duidelik dat hulle op hoogs vergelykbare en komplekse maniere nadink oor hoe wit kreoolse vroue hul sosiale en politieke posisies in (post)koloniale ruimtes ervaar. Hierdie tesis ondersoek die wyses waarop die romans tuisheid (of die gebrek daaraan) te bowe kom: die hoofkarakters is dikwels misplaas, vervreem en nostalgies, en is dikwels verwikkeld in ‘n stryd om te behoort, midde-in teenoorgestelde kulture, ideologieë en politieke standpunte. Ek baseer my tesis op die groter oorkoepelende problematiek van ontheemdheid en verveemding (in verskeie gedaantes), en hoe dit vorm gee aan die vestiging en beoefening van vroulike subjektiwiteit.

The dissertation is intended to show whether it is possible for a Roman traveller to make a journey around the Roman world in the year C.E. 210, within 180 days, in a manner similar to that of Phileas Fogg, a character in Jules Verne's novel Around the World in Eighty Days (1874). The Roman's 180-day adventure to complete the journey within the set time incorporates logistics and itinerary on ancient roads, canals and sea voyages, and quotes Horace, Juvenal, Pausanias, Ovid and Strabo. Verne linked the past, an ancient two thousand year old water system in Aden - with his traveller who also visited the site. The Roman traveller will link the past with the present, viewing ancient building and engineering works such as the Lyonnais aqueducts, and the Greek use of curvature in design when building the Parthenon. Parts of such construction remain in situ for the present-day traveller to view.
Old Testament & Ancient Near Eastern Studies
(M.A. (Specialization in Ancient Languages and Cultures))

碩士
國立成功大學
歷史學系碩博士班
100
Buddhism transmitted into China since the Eastern Han Dynasty, not only enriches the many connotations of ideological but also brought the rise and prosperity of the cultural values. However, all behind the seemingly immortal, there are many unknown hardships and tribulations. The main reason that supports the rapid development of Buddhism in Southern China is a group of adventurous, fearless monk from the sea. With the advancement of maritime traffic and the rise of the port trade, sea monks enter and leave China by commercial ships. They have to cope with various challenges from the sea during the voyage, and face China, which put the rulers as the core concepts since ancient times after landed. So, both monks from other countries or monks in China have to think about how to get the Buddhist faith to take root and develop in China through the regime forces in addition to the enthusiasm of searching the truth and ambitions for religious propagation. However, with the separation of the political situation in the North and South, the Southern rulers began an attempt to find new ideas instilled in the political consciousness. So in the end is that the Southern China opens series of process to guide national policy and educate the nation with Buddhist faith.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities, African Literature, 2013
This thesis explores two stories of voyage in the Indian Ocean. These stories are Michael Ondaatje’s The Cat’s Table and Abdulrazak Gurnah’s By the Sea. The Indian Ocean has taken its place as an important emerging area of study as it provides a unique vantage point from which to view the emerging phenomena of the Global South. The story of voyage is useful as it seems to encompass some of the crucial features and themes of the Indian Ocean world. This thesis suggests that voyages operate within a liminal space in both novels. The concept of liminality refers to a state which operates between stable states of being. In both novels the liminal space of voyage can be regarded as an ideological organizing principle which gives particular shape to the meaning expressed in the novels.

With the arrival of the Internet, the tourism has taken a big step in its existence. Online Travel Agencies have made their appearance. The customers have in general various steps throughout their buying process. On these steps the visibility and the top position of the name of the travel company is a key factor success. In order to attract clients and respond to their expectations, to implement an SEM strategy (Search Engine Marketing strategy) is one of the most important strategy for an online website to adopt. In other words, it is a strategy that will show the company how to increase the website visibility on web pages such as Google Search. This thesis aims to analyse the importance of the SEM by an exploratory study that includes two stages. First, by a survey to describe the consumer behaviour when booking online travel reservations. Second, by deep interviews and information in order to analyse a case study of an online travel agency, where I work. From the survey submitted to a sample of consumers, it was observed that they are mostly looking for good opportunities (good prices, high quality of product). From the deep interviews to the managers of the French OTA (Online Travel Agency) Voyage Privé, it was observed the importance of putting in action the SEM tools, such as commercial animations in the home page, buy keywords so that the webpage will be in top results, or having a very active and visible participation in the social media.
Com a crescente utilização da Internet, o sector do turismo desenvolveu-se muito. As Agências de Viagens Online cresceram. Os consumidores passam por diferentes passos no seu processo de decisão para a compra e reserva de um pacote turístico. Nesses passos, a visibilidade e colocação cimeira do nome da agência é um factor crítico de sucesso. De forma a atrair clientes e responder ás suas expectativas, a implementação da estratégia e ferramentas SEM (Search Engine Marketing strategy) é fundamental para um website. As opções das ferramentas e o seu uso adequado é fundamental para que a empresa online possa aumentar a visibilidade em motores de busca como o Google search. A presente tese visa analisar a importância do SEM, através de um estudo exploratório que passa por duas fases. Primeiro, um estudo descritivo através de um questionário submetido a consumidores, descrevendo os seus hábitos enquanto procedem a reservas online de viagens. Depois, entrevistas em profundidade e recolha de informação para um estudo de caso de uma empresa de viagens on-line, para a qual trabalho. Pelo inquérito submetido a uma amostra de conveniência de consumidores, observou-se que procuram em geral boas oportunidades (bons preços, elevada qualidade de produtos). Pelas entrevistas em profundidade com os responsáveis da empresa francesa OTA (online travel agency) "Voyage Privé", observou-se a importância atribuída às acções SEM, tais como colocar animações, vídeos comerciais no webpage, comprar palavras chave afim de que tenha uma visibilidade cimeira. Também a participação e visibilidade activa nas redes sociais.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
教育研究所
102
The aim of the research is to explore the reviews of an oceanic adventure documentary, in the instance of A Legendary Voyage, the story of the Free China. The research methods were mainly comprised of conducting questionnaires and supplemented by open-ended questions for qualitative analysis. Based on the questionnaire, research tool, on reviews of A Legendary Voyage, the accounts of the Free China, the research studies the afterthoughts of multi-level students from elementary schools to senior high schools at Taipei-Keelung metropolitan area, and analyzed the influence of background variables on cognition and impressions which respondents had toward the film. This research can be future reference for academic research and materials for teaching. Based on the purposive sampling, 168 questionnaires were provided and 161 valid questionnaires were returned. Data of analysis were carried out by several statistic methods, such as descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test, ANOVA and Scheffe’s Post-hoc Comparison. Main results were as followed: 1. The account of the oceanic adventure, the Free China, had brought eclectic positive influences, such as willingness to take up a challenge, settling problems, teamwork, remarkable resilience and cultural inheritance. The students were intrigued by the film, which could bring positive influences as well as the feasibility of teaching. 2. The documentary of the oceanic adventure could boost learning efficiency of students on oceanic education. 3. The affection and cognition provoked by the afterthoughts of this film demonstrated more conspicuously in those elementary students than those high school students. 4. The schoolgirls were apparently more affected by the film than those schoolboys with regard to their affection and cognition. Eventually, according to the findings of the research, this documentary film about oceanic adventure may be able to provide suggestions for those who concerned with oceanic education; moreover, the film could be applied to teaching resources of oceanic education for primary school teachers. Keywords: oceanic adventure story, film reviews, the Free China

碩士
輔仁大學
英國語文學系
94
This thesis aims to read and analyze the mother-daughter plots in the first and the last of Jean Rhys’s novels, Voyage in the Dark and Wide Sargasso Sea, which present Rhys’s perspective on and individual concerns about the mother-daughter relationship and its effects on the daughter’ sense of identity. Relying on Marianne Hirsch, Evelyn O’Callaghan and Carolyn Rody, my analysis of “mother” has twofold interpretations. Mother means both the social mother and the psychical mother: the absence of the social mother intensifies the traumatic impact of the psychical mother on the female protagonists. In addition, mother also means mother-island in my analysis. Compounded by the socio-historical backgrounds of race, gender, class and nationality, Rhys’s mother-daughter plots are usually entangled, seemingly ending with madness or falling in a vicious circle. However, I will argue that the daughters, with their preoccupation with her Caribbean “mothers,” are not completely passive, not to mention suicidal or mad. Rather, they struggle for survival in the patriarchal and colonial society. Chapter One discusses the seemingly passive and unresistant Anna in Voyage in the Dark, with the intention to show what she actually manifests are constant efforts to fight against the recurrent threat of death. She is not completely unresisting as she goes through the series of losses. Instead of assigning her an easy role of passivity, this chapter examines Anna’s complex emotions and traces them to an underlying cause: her separation from the mother, mother surrogates, and the motherland. Chapter Two examines how Antoinette in Wide Sargasso Sea strives to defend her mother as well as herself and tries to free herself from the various forms of confinement. Through an analysis of Antoinette’s development, which is a series of oscillation between isolation and attempts at understanding and “socialization,” this chapter shows that the development of both the mother-daughter relationship and Antoinette’s personality in Wide Sargasso Sea interact mutually with her economic predicament, as well as social pressure, racial turbulence, and patriarchal dominance to form a mother-daughter plot of fatality and estrangement, against which the daughter finally attempts a breakthrough. The concluding chapter attempts to suggest that Rhys, through her literary creation with artistic vision, is not only one of the Caribbean women writers, but also a literary mother for the Caribbean literature.

碩士
南華大學
旅遊管理學系旅遊管理碩士班
105
The purpose of this research is to probe into the correlation among various variables of travel motivation, perceived risk, experiential value and travel benefits, taking the cruise ship tour consumers of Royal carribean’s Voyager of the seas as the subject. 　　The tools used for data analysis are reliability analysis and regression analysis. The results of this research are as following： 1.Travel motivation has much influence on perceived risk; 2.Travel motivation has much influence on experiential value; 3.Perceived risk has much influence on travel benefits; 4.Experiential value has much influence on travel benefits; 5.The relationship between travel motivation and travel benefits is partially mediated by perceived risk; 6.The relationship between travel motivation and travel benefits is partially mediated by experiential value. All the 6 results above agree with the original hypothesis. This paper ended up with conclusions and suggestions based on the result of the study can be used as the marketing strategy reference for government and tourism in promoting cruise ship tour.