Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Rubbk"

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The famous Rubik’s cube offers interesting opportunities to teach concepts applied in physics, chemistry and mathematics, to develop skills for problem solving. We developed this work using the Rubik’s cube in order to work with some concepts that are forgotten in the books of physics at basic education. Through a guide for teachers, we apply ou product in2nd and 3nd year high school classes in the Estate school Messias Pedreiro in Uberlândia – MG, showing among other things the statiscal nature of entropy, the second law of thermodynamics, Maxwell’s demon and the Max- Boltzmann distribution. To support this work we based on overview about the applied technique.
O famoso cubo de Rubik oferece oportunidades interessantes para ensinar conceitos aplicados na Física, Química e Matemática, para desenvolver habilidades para resolução de problemas. Nesse aspecto desenvolvemos este trabalho no intuito de trabalhar com alguns conceitos que são esquecidos nos livros de Física na educação básica, utilizando o cubo de Rubik. Através de um guia para professores, aplicamos nosso produto em sala de aula de segundo e terceiro ano colegial da Escola Estadual Messias Pedreiro em Uberlândia – MG, mostrando entre outros aspectos, o caráter estatístico da entropia, a segunda lei da termodinâmica, demônio de Maxwell e a distribuição de Max-Boltzmann. Para fundamentar este trabalho baseamos na estratégia de jogos e suas possibilidades metodológicas. Após aplicar o produto foram relatadas pelos estudantes suas impressões sobre a técnica aplicada.

Since the 1970s, the Rubik’s Cube puzzle has intrigued millions of people. It did not take long until people tried to solve the cube as fast as possible, and started to compete. However, in recent years, a new trend of robots solving the cube has flourished. The purpose of this project was to investigate time and precision aspects of a Rubik’s cube solving robot. A four armed robot was designed and a system was built. The construction made it possible to first scan the cube using a webcam and solve the cube by letting the robot perform the movements necessary for solving. Differences in time for different scrambles was analyzed as well as the robot’s precision. Since the robot only had four arms, the results showed differences in turning the up- and downside of the cube. To get access to these sides, the robot had to perform a flip motion. Since the software used was not optimized to minimize these moves there were differences in solving time. Moreover, the robot’s precision differed depending on its setup and how fast it was programmed to go. Two different setups was compared, one being slow and having big margins between each move and the other one being more rapid. Both setups worked, although calibration was more crucial for the faster one.
Sedan 70-talet har Rubiks kub fängslat miljontals människor. Det tog inte lång tid innan kampen om att lösa kuben så snabbt som möjligt uppstod och med det även tävlingar. Under de senaste åren har däremot en ny trend kommit med robotar som löser kuben. Projektets syfte var att undersöka tids- och precisionsaspekter för en robot som löser en Rubiks kub. I det här projeketet byggdes en fyrarmad robot med uppgift att lösa kuben. Systemet skapades så att kuben först skannas med en webkamera och sedan sätts på plats i roboten som löser kuben. Skillnader i tid för olika blandningar samt robotens precision analyserades. Eftersom roboten konstruerades med fyra armar var det tydliga skillnader i tid för upp- och nersidans drag. För att få tillgång till dessa sidor var hela kuben tvungen att roteras. Eftersom mjukvaran som användes inte var optimerad för att minimera nyttjandet av dessa rörelser varierade lösningstiderna. Dessutom var det skillnader i robotens precision beroende på systemets kalibrerade hastighet. Två olika inställningar jämfördes där en var långsammare med större marginaler mellan varje drag och den andra var snabbare. Båda fungerade för att lösa kuben men kalibreringen blev mycket avgörande för den snabbare inställningen.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional, 2018.
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Este trabalho constitui-se de uma proposta de ensino utilizando o cubo mágico de Rubik. Inicialmente relata-se a história do “brinquedo” para que o leitor perceba que irá trabalhar com um instrumento clássico que será conhecido por anos e anos e não um recurso que se tornará obsoleto. Seguido de manuais que apresentam o cubo mágico ao leitor e o ensina a desembaralhar suas peças de uma forma simples e acessível. Já no contexto acadêmico, voltado para o ensino superior, foi elaborado um capítulo que mostra uma possibilidade de materializar o tão abstrato conteúdo de teoria de grupos. Visando o ensino básico, apresento uma proposta de projeto, que foi realizada com alunos do ensino médio, a confecção de um mosaico utilizando 500 cubos mágicos. Uma proposta interdisciplinar que desperta o interesse, mesmo de estudantes com dificuldade em matemática. Por fim, manuais de derivados do cubo – 4x4x4 e 5x5x5 - desta forma o docente pode dar continuidade ao projeto com cubos maiores.
This work consists of a teaching proposal using the magic cube of Rubik. Initially telling the story of the "toy" so the reader can realize that he is going to work with a classic instrument that will be known throughout years and not only a resource that is becoming obsolete. Followed by manuals that introduce the magic cube to the reader and teach to unscramble its pieces in a simple and accessible way. Moreover, in the academic context, focused on higher education, has been created a chapter that shows a possibility to materialize such an abstract content from the theory of groups. Aiming at basic education, I present a project proposal, which was carried out with high school students, developing a mosaic using 500 magic cubes. An interdisciplinary proposal that arouses interest, even of students with difficulty in mathematics. Finally, derivatives manuals of the cube - 4x4x4 and 5x5x5 – in this way the teacher can follow through this project with larger cubes.

This thesis investigates the intrusion of science-fictional tropes and iconography onto our current social reality, and the cultural anxieties that this has produced. I characterise these anxieties broadly as a fear of obsolescence – ‘obsolescence’ signifying a loss of agency, relevance, uniqueness, and competence. My collection of short stories and exegesis experiment and engage with narrative strategies drawn from two closely overlapping narrative forms, science fiction and postmodern fiction, to articulate and represent obsolescence.

The overall aim of this study is to understand the impact of Swedish education policy-making on teacher education post-1945. The study explores the relationship between national structures and changes affecting teacher education, its relationship to research, and in particular, implications of policies for teacher educators at Umeå University in northern Sweden. A combination of top-down and bottom-up research approaches was used and included analysis of policy documents, research literature and micro-level perspectives. This included interviews with 57 teacher educators and senior managers, who had been or remained responsible for teacher education programmes. The research draws on a variety of theoretical frameworks, which aid the exploration of the relationship between various parts of teacher education and higher education more generally. In so doing, relationships of power, discourse and gender are seen as particularly important, as are the sociological perspectives of Bourdieu, Bernstein, Foucault and Connell among others. Prosopography was used as a methodological approach, by which biographical details were collected and analysed in order to illuminate the social relations of the field of teacher education. The study showed that in Sweden, research for teacher education was a major issue in post-war education policy in connection to reforms of the school-system, and widening access to research. ‘Practical Pedagogy’ was specifically created as a sub-discipline of Pedagogik (Educational Studies), and established in the 1950s and 1960s at the new teacher colleges. The relationship between educational research and teacher education remained weak, however, and traditional research structures were largely maintained despite reform intentions. Also, reform of higher education and inclusion of teacher education in the university system in 1977 paradoxically meant that teacher education, given its new university status, lost its research subject and avenue into research. The weak relationship between research and teacher education was thereafter repeatedly taken up in state committees until the late 1990s. Simultaneously, from the early 1990s onwards, various discourses on the importance of professionalism in teacher education emerged. Internationally, from the 1990s the separation of structures for research and teacher education also became a topic of growing concern. In Sweden, the clear discrepancy between rhetoric and practice eventually resulted in a parliamentary decision in 2000 to create a nationally valid research structure for teacher education, which was to be implemented in 2001. Umeå University was the first university in the country to establish a Faculty (Board) of Teacher Education, which enabled the introduction of new research structures and a cross-disciplinary research approach related to teacher education and teachers’ work. The study suggests that discourses of research development (for vocational subject areas such as teacher education), and new classifications are likely to meet with resistance from a number of directions and established university hierarchies. However, it is argued that ‘discursive breaks’ can open up a questioning about the right to discourse and ‘truth’ about knowledge and research and the conditions whereby changes can be put into place. The study also suggests that men and women have different perceptions of research in teacher education; male staff tended to rely on practice-based experience, while female staff saw research as a means of expanding their knowledge base. The prosopography indicates that social class distinguishes the field of teacher education from other university disciplines, with its generally lower social backgrounds of students and proportionately more women as staff and students. Teacher education also has generally low status within the university, which is both the cause and consequence of reduced access to research development and funding. Finally the study shows that the struggles of teacher education over knowledge and power, constitute a multilayered process involving a variety of actors at different levels. In the case of Umeå, this meant that teacher education was eventually able to claim the right to establish new and different research paradigms, for its own benefit.

1. 概要 这本论文的目标是郝景芳（1984-）短中篇小说《北京折叠》译文和评论。 我们一谈到雨果奖，通常会想到西方作家， 比如英国亚瑟•查尔斯•克拉克爵士和他的《天堂的喷泉》（1980年），俄国以撒•艾西莫夫和他的《基地邊緣》（1982年-），美国的羅伯特•海萊因和他的《星河战队》（1960年），以及另一位美国厄修拉•勒古恩和她的《黑暗的左手》（1970年）。但是中国作家刘慈新和郝景芳最近连续获奖被视为特别具有重要的意义，已促使我们重新考虑先前存在的意念。近几年来，中国科幻作家不仅在中国获得了巨大成功，获得许多国内的科幻文学奖项，而且提升了他们国际的地位。在这段时期，科幻小说越来越受欢迎，备受瞩目，还受到文坛的广泛关注。 为方便阅览，本文分为五个章节。第一章简要叙述了在中国科幻小说界的活动以及其独特而多元的声音。 第二章围绕郝景芳的生活和作品。她凭借《北京折叠》获得了第 74 届“雨果奖”最佳短中篇小说奖。该作品综合了想象力、技术进步和其他重大主题。用看似平实拙朴的语言，她描述了贫富悬殊，表达了对小人物的悲悯之情。她描写的技法使读者对故事里的人物深表同情。作者开启了一片反思的空间，涉及到了我们大家需要共同面对的问题。2016年，这本小说由刘宇昆(Ken Liu，1976年-)翻译成英语。随后，根据雨果奖得主的英文文本翻译成意大利语。 第三章是《北京折叠》的汉意翻译。 第四章为翻译的评论。主要分析了一些有关所遇问题细节和解决这些问题的方法。并特别著重在时态的选择、标点符号、俗语以及四字成语的翻译。 第五章报告对原作与译作的对比分析。所采用的调查方法涉及中国学者和翻译家顾明栋“可读性翻译” 和“可写性翻译”的两种理论框架，还谈及了王东风和申丹的研究。这个章节并按照叶子南和施晓菁的翻译策略撰写。 最后，本论文的参考书目在本文的附录。

Orientador: José Antonio Malmonge
Resumo: A proporção aquosa liberada do leite durante a fabricação convencional de queijos é denominado soro de leite, este é considerado poluente devido a sua elevada carga orgânica, Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO) e Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO), como também pelo volume gerado. Para produzir 1 kg de queijo são gerados aproximadamente 9 kg de soro. Do total do soro produzido mundialmente estima-se que 50% sejam descartados em estações de tratamento de água ou reutilizados, como por exemplo, para alimentação de animais em fazendas. Também o fato do soro conter lactose, vitaminas e minerais, ele pode ser aproveitado principalmente para fabricação de alimentos. Procurando uma alternativa para este descarte produzido por pequenas e médias indústrias de laticínios e também com a necessidade de produzir materiais verdes e ecologicamente corretos, este trabalho avaliou a potencialidade do emprego do soro de leite como coagulante para látex de borracha natural (BN) e sua influência nas propriedades térmicas, mecânicas e tecnológicas da borracha crua da seringueira Hevea brasiliensis clone RRIM 600, cultivada na Fazenda Experimental da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira – SP. Foram avaliados os soros resultantes da produção de queijos muçarela, minas e cottage e como referência foi utilizado o coagulante ácido acético 3 mol L-1, o qual é utilizado pelas indústrias do setor. Para este estudo foi analisada a influência da temperatura e do tempo na acidez dos soros. Foram analisad... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aqueous released milk ratio during manufacturing of cheese is called whey, this is considered a pollutant because of its high organic load, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), as well as by the volume generated. To produce 1 kg of cheese are generated approximately 9 kg of serum. Of the total serum produced worldwide it is estimated that 50% are dropped in water treatment plants or reused, e.g. for feeding of animals on farms. The serum also contain lactose, vitamins and minerals, it can be used mainly for food manufacturing. Looking for an alternative to this disposal produced by small and medium-sized dairy industries and also with the need to produce green materials and eco-friendly, this study assessed the employment potentiality of the whey as coagulant for natural rubber latex (BN) and its influence on thermal, mechanical and technological properties of raw rubber of rubber trees Hevea brasiliensis clone RRIM 600, grown in the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of engineering of Ilha Solteira-SP. Were evaluated the resulting from the production of mozzarella cheese, mines and cottage and as reference was used coagulant acetic acid 3 mol L-1, which is used by the industries in the sector. This study examined the influence of temperature and time on acidity of serum. Were analyzed the properties: plasticity Wallace (P0), plasticity retention index [PRI (%)], Mooney Viscosity (VR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) of rubber coagulated usin... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

Detta arbete grundar sig i en observation av dagens samhälle. Det tycks ha slagits in i en enorm kil mellan den kultive- rade människan och den natur som tidigare var en påtaglig del i vår vardag. I vissa sammanhang är alieneringen nära nog total. Det samtida boendet kan upplevas som ett derivat av modern rationalitet och ekonomi snarare än mänsklig omtanke och det är inte svårt att hävda att detsamma snart gäller alla de saker som hjälper till att göra dessa platser beboeliga. Allt ifrån gipsskivan som skiljer badrum från hall till minsta smörkniv är för många nära nog ett mysterium. Det är dock i skalan däremellan jag främst ser mig själv i min yrkesroll; inredningsarkitekt och formgivare, en prak- tiker vars uppgift och förmåga ligger i att ”skapa” de föremål som står oss närmast och som vi ser, vidrör och brukar varje dag. De ting som gör de bitvis ogästvänliga kuber vi uppehåller oss i till hem. Det är här jag ser min möjlighet att förstärka materialitet och hantverk samt uppmana till eftertanke kring tillkomst och härkomst. Ting att betrakta som en motvikt till den närmast maskinella bostad som kommit att bli dagens praxis. Ett komplement till det fysiska tomrum som uppstår då våra medvetanden verkar sväva kollektivt world wide web. Av samma vikt för arbetet är det tillvägagångssätt jag valt. Text och form betraktar jag som varsin del av en helhet då de som utgångspunkt för varandra istället snarast verkar hämmande. Texten kan aldrig till fullo beskriva ens den enklaste pall och på samma sätt är form komplicerat, ja närmast onödigt när det gäller att kommunicera text. Texten finns ju där redan, formen gör den sällan starkare som text betraktat. Med detta i åtanke och, den egentligen självklara, anledningen till att Jag befinner mig på konstfack, vilken är ett intresse för färg, form, rum, materialitet, och hantverk, är det också rimligt att ett prövande genom skiss, modell, ritning och prototyp är det som ska vägleda mig. Detta snarare än det på högskolan ofta rådande sakförhållandet mellan idé (formulerad i text) och illustration (fysisk gestalt). Med det första klart överordnat, ja näst själva essensen för det andra. Min egen högst personliga upplevelse av detta är att studenten, oftast självpåtaget, ömsom påhejat av lärarkåren, försöker ta sig an uppgiften statiskt placerad vid sitt skrivbord med Heidegger och ett skissblock som enda hjälpmedel. Referenser staplas på varandra. Frustrationen total! Detta helt i enlighet med det akademiska formatet i den traditionella högskolan, samtidigt som ett försök att ge sitt verk värde på andra sätt än det rumsliga och formmässiga. Av någon anledningen förefaller blivande inredningsarki- tekter och formgivare anse att den egna praktiken är futtig i sig själv. Mitt examensarbete är resultatet av ett tillvägagångssätt där texten rör just text, och formen just form. De möbler och föremål som skapats är formade utifrån ett förhållningssätt där rumsliga och formmässiga beslut är något som främst och bäst görs av lust med handen, och stundom magen, snarare än tanken och logiken den föder. Med detta sagt bjuder jag nu den intresserade att läsa vidare och på ett någorlunda, rationellt plan förstå vad jag menar med alieneringen mellan människa och dess fysiska omgivning. Men även för att följa ett resonemang kring min egen praktik, fältet i stort samt hur jag upplever att utbildningen till en yrkespraktik inom inredningsarkitektur och möbel- formgivning ser ut idag. Lika gott är att lägga ifrån sig texten och istället låta sig uppfyllas av färg och form vilken är formulerad utifrån sina egna premisser och på intet sätt behöver följande sidor för att rättfärdigas. Den står på egna ben.

Este projecto teórico refere-se à luz solar e à luz do dia no seu sentido mais amplo, para criar uma compreensão mais profunda entre a relevante fonte de luz e energia com a arquitectura. Numa procura de promover e celebrar a excelência da luz, como o título suscita, trata-se de uma habitação unifamiliar, com elementos arquitectónicos dinâmicos que permitem um novo controlo sobre a luz natural, partindo de formas geométrica simples e de referências arquitectónicas. Daylight na arquitectura é um tema sempre relevante, tem sido usada durante séculos como a principal fonte de luz para o interior. Os arquitectos no geral demonstram um especial interesse e fascínio pela luz do dia. Hoje, os edifícios são grandes consumidores de energia, cerca de um terço da energia usada em edifícios é de iluminação artificial e a estratégia para reduzir o uso dessa energia é saber explorar a luz do sol, sendo uma fonte de energia e iluminação que influência a saúde e o bem-estar das pessoas que trabalham e vivem nos mesmos. Esta tese tem como objectivo tentar promover um novo domínio sobre a luz natural, procedendo à incorporação da mesma no projecto, apresentando um protótipo de uma habitação, criando e proporcionando uma compreensão mais profunda dessa fonte específica, de energia e de luz. Esta dissertação visa ampliar os limites da luz do dia na arquitectura, incluindo a estética, funcionalidade, sustentabilidade, e a interacção entre o edifício e o ambiente. Usando conceitos naturais na arquitectura, e estratégias de iluminação, flexibilidade e materiais para obter um projecto arquitectónico com conforto ambiental, proporcionando qualidade de vida. Um edifício iluminado com luz natural durante o dia traz menos problemas relacionados com a saúde e o bem-estar para os seus habitantes.

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη, η ανάλυση και η κατασκευή ενός ρομπότ που επιλύει τον κύβο του Rubik με το κιτ Lego Mindstorms NXT. Το κιτ προγραμματίζεται σε γλώσσα NXC, ενώ συνδέεται με τον υπολογιστή μέσω bluetooth για την επίλυση του κύβου με τον αλγόριθμο του Kociemba.
This diploma dissertation concerns the study, the analysis and the assembly of a robot that solves Rubik’s Cube with the Lego Mindstorms NXT kit. The kit is programmed in NXC, while it can be connected to a computer via bluetooth in order to solve the cube using Kociemba’s algorithm.

碩士
銘傳大學
商品設計學系碩士在職專班
101
Rubik’s cube is a quite familiar education toy and it is still a hot game for everyone until now. There are no studies for operating experience comparison between actual and virtual Rubik’s cube though several Rubik’s cube on-line games are already launched and published via internet. This investigation is aimed for the influence on operating performance by sixth graders based on Rubik’s Cube interface, individual difference and wayfinding strategies by an empirical study. The subjects of this study were 55 sixth-graders from an elementary school in order to know the differences of diversified students. To understand the differences between diversified interface operation missions and actual operation of Rubik’s Cube by way of experiments and the observation on students’ practical interface operation. The experiments were focused on understanding the operating performance of Rubik''s Cube differences between boys and girls, comparing if there was obviously difference in the operating experiences (familiarity). To do the analysis of gender, experiences (familiarity), wayfinding strategies and regression analysis by the form filling of boys and girls after they’ve done the exercise. The result of this study were:（1）Actual interface operation of Rubik’s Cube showed the best operating performance, the secondary is mouse-type interface, and the poorest is virtual one. （2）The achievement rate of playing Rubik’s Cube on them with operating experiences was higher than those without operating experiences regarding the experiences (familiarity) factor.（3）The achievement rate of playing Rubik’s Cube on boys was higher than girls regarding the gender factor.（4）There was no interaction on both experiences (familiarity) and gender.（5）Those correlations of the achievement rate of playing Rubik’s Cube, operating experiences and wayfinding strategies were statistical significant at α level.（6）The score of wayfinding strategies scale, operating experiences and the achievement rate of playing Rubik’s Cube were in direct proportion.

碩士
淡江大學
教育科技學系碩士在職專班
98
The aim of the study was to investigate the change of the fourth graders’ spatial and reasoning ability after the experimental teaching design. Using Rubik’s cube as teaching material, the course lasted for eight weeks. Both the experimental and control group took the pre and post tests on spatial and reasoning ability. By comparing the grades of pre and post tests, the study tried to see if the experiment teaching design can improve the students’ spatial and reasoning ability. After dependent sample t-test and covariance analysis of the pre and post test, the study concluded that the experimental group which took the Rubik’s cube teaching had improved significantly on reasoning ability and spatial ability(p<.05). The study found that the effect of the Rubik’s cube teaching was great and students all enjoyed it. Therefore the suggestion was that there should be added more courses like this to the elementary curriculum so that the students can develop their spatial and reasoning ability.

This present research explores the impact of Flannery’s (1969) Broad Spectrum Revolution model within the context of the Levantine Epipalaeolithic, specifically the early (Kebaran) Epipalaeolithic. This model attempts to explain changes in subsistence behaviour associated with the end of the Pleistocene leading up to the development of agriculture. The Jordan valley represents an ideal model for Flannery’s marginal habitat because of the range of different flora and fauna required more intensive resource exploitation strategies. The discussion here focuses on the zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis of two faunal assemblages (representing two sub-horizons) from Urkan e-Rubb IIa, a Kebaran site located in the lower Jordan Valley, and excavated by E. Hovers (Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University Jerusalem), in 1986 and 1988. This site shows evidence of specialised gazelle hunting and processing. Initial interpretations of the site argued for a multi-purpose residential base camp, supported by lithic tool and shell bead manufacturing. Recent discussions of Epipalaeolithic diet breadth have concentrated on the end of the Pleistocene (Munro 2001, 2003, 2004, 2009; Stiner 2001; Stiner & Munro 2002; Stiner et al. 1999, 2000; Stutz et al. 2009) and have been directed towards explaining changing subsistence patterns towards the end of the Epipalaeolithic (i.e. the Natufian), where an increased use of wild cereals and small game has been well documented. The view that it is not until the Natufian that broad spectrum resource strategies were used is questioned here. Major questions that are addressed with this research include: What do the faunal assemblages from Urkan e-Rubb IIa tell us about Kebaran subisistence behaviour? Do broad spectrum models help to shed light on subsistence adaptations at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum? What can recent analyses of Jordan Valley faunal assemblages contribute to the discussion? These are addressed through a detailed zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis of the Urkan e-Rubb IIa fauana, followed by synchronic and diachronic analyses of Levantine Epipalaeolithic assemblages, through a combination of taxonomy-based diversity indices and prey-ranking indices.