Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Représentation par codage 2D"
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Abidi, Azza. "Investigating Deep Learning and Image-Encoded Time Series Approaches for Multi-Scale Remote Sensing Analysis in the context of Land Use/Land Cover Mapping". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONS007.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, the potential of machine learning (ML) in enhancing the mapping of complex Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) patterns using Earth Observation data is explored. Traditionally, mapping methods relied on manual and time-consuming classification and interpretation of satellite images, which are susceptible to human error. However, the application of ML, particularly through neural networks, has automated and improved the classification process, resulting in more objective and accurate results. Additionally, the integration of Satellite Image Time Series(SITS) data adds a temporal dimension to spatial information, offering a dynamic view of the Earth's surface over time. This temporal information is crucial for accurate classification and informed decision-making in various applications. The precise and current LULC information derived from SITS data is essential for guiding sustainable development initiatives, resource management, and mitigating environmental risks. The LULC mapping process using ML involves data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification using various ML algorithms. Two main classification strategies for SITS data have been proposed: pixel-level and object-based approaches. While both approaches have shown effectiveness, they also pose challenges, such as the inability to capture contextual information in pixel-based approaches and the complexity of segmentation in object-based approaches.To address these challenges, this thesis aims to implement a method based on multi-scale information to perform LULC classification, coupling spectral and temporal information through a combined pixel-object methodology and applying a methodological approach to efficiently represent multivariate SITS data with the aim of reusing the large amount of research advances proposed in the field of computer vision
Cammas, Nathalie. "Codage vidéo scalable par maillages et ondelettes t+2D". Rennes 1, 2004. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01131881.
Texto completo da fonteJeannic, Guillaume. "Représentation structurelle d'images par transformées locales en ondelettes orientées et codage". Phd thesis, Nantes, 2008. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=73adf8b7-d231-4673-be83-a6b623869d4c.
Texto completo da fonteIn the context of still image compression, some new représentation implemented with oriented lifting schemes has been conceived. For this thesis, three implementations of these transforms have been benchmarked upon a criteria considering the minimization of the high frequencies along the local direction of regularity. This orientation is estimated via edge extraction or minimization of a cost function. Both approaches lead to the classification of the directional activity of the image blocks. Those representations of the geometrical features that drive the oriented filtering process are coded in order to be transmitted to the decoder. The coding cost of these representations is compared. Finally an adaptive quantization is proposed to take into account the structural classes and the anisotropy of the representation
Jeannic, Guillaume. "Représentation structurelle d'images par transformées locales en ondelettes orientées et codage". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00350555.
Texto completo da fonteDamiand, Guillaume. "Définition et étude d'un modèle topologique minimal de représentation d'images 2d et 3d". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00211340.
Texto completo da fontePour répondre à ce problème, nous définissons d'abord la carte topologique en dimension 2 en ayant comme préoccupation principale son extension en dimension supérieure. Nous introduisons une notion de niveau de simplification qui permet une définition progressive, chaque niveau s'obtenant simplement à partir du niveau précédent par application d'un type particulier de fusion. Cette notion permet de simplifier la définition de la carte topologique qui correspond au dernier niveau. Ces niveaux de simplification s'étendent sans difficulté majeure en dimension 3, et en dimension n. Ils facilitent également l'étude de la carte topologique et la preuve de ses propriétés. Ce modèle est en effet minimal, complet, invariant par rotation, translation et homothétie, et unique.
Nous présentons des algorithmes d'extraction permettant de construire ce modèle à partir d'images segmentées. Un premier algorithme << naïf >> effectue plusieurs passes sur l'image et n'est pas linéaire en dimension 3. Nous étudions ensuite un algorithme optimal d'extraction, basé sur la notion de précode, effectuant un seul balayage de l'image et un nombre minimal d'opérations. Les niveaux de simplification permettent de regrouper les nombreux cas à traiter, en étudiant pour chaque niveau les cas supplémentaires par rapport au niveau précédent.
Robert-Demolaize, Guillaume. "Représentation et codage de séquences vidéo par hybridation de fractales et d'éléments finis". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10253.
Texto completo da fonteMauris, Gilles. "Capteurs ultrasonores intelligents : application à la représentation symbolique de mesures de distance par codage flou". Chambéry, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CHAMS007.
Texto completo da fonteGiannakis, Mélina. "Construction et représentation spatiale de l'interactivité numérique par manipulation d'informations 2D et 3D". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34436.
Texto completo da fonteBui, ngoc Hai. "Modélisation µPEEC : représentation des matériaux magnétiques par des courants de surface. Application aux noyaux ferrites 2D". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737995.
Texto completo da fonteBui, Bgoc Hai. "Modélisation µPEEC : représentation des matériaux magnétiques par des courants de surface. Application aux noyaux ferrites 2D". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT007/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this thesis is to implement the method μPEEC to assess, without using simulations or measurements, the reluctance of magnetic circuits and simple 2D to predict their behavior from electromagnetic design phases . It's just asking the field created by a blade straight conductor placed in a round window or rectangular magnetic circuit with or without an air gap. This study is part of a larger research aimed at developing the equivalent circuit of transformers, before prototyping to optimize these components in their applications. Before reaching this goal, several steps were taken gradually, with the help of analytical solutions and finite element simulations to validate our approaches
Calemme, Marco. "Codage de carte de profondeur par déformation de courbes élastiques". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0048/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn multiple-view video plus depth, depth maps can be represented by means of grayscale images and the corresponding temporal sequence can be thought as a standard grayscale video sequence. However depth maps have different properties from natural images: they present large areas of smooth surfaces separated by sharp edges. Arguably the most important information lies in object contours, as a consequence an interesting approach consists in performing a lossless coding of the contour map, possibly followed by a lossy coding of per-object depth values. In this context, we propose a new technique for the lossless coding of object contours, based on the elastic deformation of curves. A continuous evolution of elastic deformations between two reference contour curves can be modelled, and an elastically deformed version of the reference contours can be sent to the decoder with an extremely small coding cost and used as side information to improve the lossless coding of the actual contour. After the main discontinuities have been captured by the contour description, the depth field inside each region is rather smooth. We proposed and tested two different techniques for the coding of the depth field inside each region. The first technique performs the shape-adaptive wavelet transform followed by the shape-adaptive version of SPIHT. The second technique performs a prediction of the depth field from its subsampled version and the set of coded contours. It is generally recognized that a high quality view rendering at the receiver side is possible only by preserving the contour information, since distortions on edges during the encoding step would cause a sensible degradation on the synthesized view and on the 3D perception. We investigated this claim by conducting a subjective quality assessment test to compare an object-based technique and a hybrid block-based techniques for the coding of depth maps
Gibet, Sylvie. "Codage, représentation et traitement du geste instrumental : application à la synthèse de sons musicaux par simulation de mécanismes instrumentaux". Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0142.
Texto completo da fonteCalemme, Marco. "Codage de carte de profondeur par déformation de courbes élastiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0048.
Texto completo da fonteIn multiple-view video plus depth, depth maps can be represented by means of grayscale images and the corresponding temporal sequence can be thought as a standard grayscale video sequence. However depth maps have different properties from natural images: they present large areas of smooth surfaces separated by sharp edges. Arguably the most important information lies in object contours, as a consequence an interesting approach consists in performing a lossless coding of the contour map, possibly followed by a lossy coding of per-object depth values. In this context, we propose a new technique for the lossless coding of object contours, based on the elastic deformation of curves. A continuous evolution of elastic deformations between two reference contour curves can be modelled, and an elastically deformed version of the reference contours can be sent to the decoder with an extremely small coding cost and used as side information to improve the lossless coding of the actual contour. After the main discontinuities have been captured by the contour description, the depth field inside each region is rather smooth. We proposed and tested two different techniques for the coding of the depth field inside each region. The first technique performs the shape-adaptive wavelet transform followed by the shape-adaptive version of SPIHT. The second technique performs a prediction of the depth field from its subsampled version and the set of coded contours. It is generally recognized that a high quality view rendering at the receiver side is possible only by preserving the contour information, since distortions on edges during the encoding step would cause a sensible degradation on the synthesized view and on the 3D perception. We investigated this claim by conducting a subjective quality assessment test to compare an object-based technique and a hybrid block-based techniques for the coding of depth maps
Morelle, Mikaël. "Codage en 2 Dimensions pour les systèmes de communications Optiques CDMA (OCDMA) : application aux transmissions multimédia". Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ea319df9-7cfa-4973-8a4d-1416f7d6872b/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4012.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThe Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technique permits several users communicating simultaneously and asynchronously on a common resource. This technique consists in the allocation of a specific and distinct code signature to each user. For several decades, this has been studied to provide access in optical systems (Optical CDMA or OCDMA). The used coding is a key element which can either be in one dimension (1D) or in two dimensions (2D). The work undertaken in this thesis concerns 2D coding for incoherent OCDMA systems. The objective is to enable a high number of users simultaneously communicating at high data rate for a given performance. In this context, we proposed in this report a 2D code family construction named Multi-Wavelength Optical Orthogonal Codes (MWOOC) and we investigated various receiver structures to evaluate its performance. Future access networks are also expected to provide diversity of services. From the proposed 2D MWOOC coding, a methodology based on the code partitioning is developed in order to carry out quality of service (or Binary Error Rate BER) differentiation. The data rate differentiation is performed by allocating several codes to each user (parallel mapping). Then, the performance analysis is theoretically established in terms of data rate and quality of service. We show that the developed method yields a high flexibility for future multimedia applications in optical access networks
Montanvert, Annick. "Contribution au traitement de formes discrètes : squelettes et codage par graphe de la ligne médiane". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325209.
Texto completo da fonteMary, David. "Techniques causales de codage avec et sans pertes pour les signaux vectoriels". Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39085235p.
Texto completo da fonteDemaret, Laurent. "Etude de la scalabilité et de la représentation d'images fixes par maillages hiérarchiques exploitant les éléments finis et les ondelettes bidimensionnelles. Application au codage vidéo". Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10147.
Texto completo da fonteChebira, Abdennasser. "Détection d'obstacles en temps réel par reconstruction de l'environnement 2d à partir de capteurs infrarouges id : modélisation capteur et scène, représentation d'imprécisions et incertitudes par des modèles probalistes et flous". Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112042.
Texto completo da fonteNour, Mohamed. "Représentation et interprétation des informations dans un système de vision par ordinateur : Approche de construction des informations sur des objets à partir de représentations 2D". Valenciennes, 1995. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/02163e11-f7b6-449f-830a-9e4142fdcb37.
Texto completo da fontePerrinet, Laurent. "Comment déchiffrer le code impulsionnel de la Vision? Étude du flux parallèle, asynchrone et épars dans le traitement visuel ultra-rapide". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002693.
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