Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Reflections (perceived properties)"

In the rubber-hand illusion, observing a rubber hand stroked in synchrony with one's own hand results in mislocalisation of the own hand, which is perceived as being located closer to the rubber hand. This illusion depends on having the rubber hand placed at a plausible egocentric orientation with respect to the observer. In the present study, we took advantage of this finding in order to compare the relative influence on the illusion of the rubber hand's perceived retinotopic image against its real-world position. The rubber hand was positioned egocentrically (fingers away from the participant) or allocentrically (fingers towards the participant), while participants viewed it either directly or via a mirror that was placed facing the participant. In the mirror conditions, the orientation of the retinotopic image of the hand (either egocentric or allocentric) was opposed to its real-world orientation. We found that the illusion was elicited in both mirror conditions, to roughly the same extent. Thus either of two representations can elicit the rubber-hand illusion: a world-centred understanding of the scene, resulting from the inferred position of the hand based on its mirror reflection, or a purely visual retinotopic representation of the viewed hand. In the mirror conditions, the illusion was somewhat weaker than in the typical directly viewed egocentric condition. We attribute this to competition between two incompatible representations introduced by the presence of the mirror. Finally, in two control experiments we ruled out that this reduction was due to two properties of mirror reflections: the increased perceived distance of items and the reversal of the apparent handedness of the rubber hand.

Color is a phenomenon which is perceived through the amount of the presence of light and it may show variability depending on a lot of different factor. These factors can be sorted as color of the surrounding place, environmental factors, intensity of the enlightening light source, incidence angle of the light, form and direction of incidence, amount of light etc. Visual perception of the color in textile fabrics is absorbation of some part of the light which falls on fabrics and detraction of the other part through reflection. The reason why textile seems colored in here is it’s reflecting light. Light is a pathfinder for distinction and identification of color, volume and fiber connections of relief surfaces. Color is a design element which presents wide options for weaving and provides dynamism on the surface via light reflections during creation process. Relief perception in textile fabrics is able to be strengthened with numerouseffects by being evaluated diversely, in terms of material (raw material type that is used, properties of warp and weft strings) and in terms of manufacturing methods (construction and technique of braid during weaving, special techniques that are applied after weaving), thus the light being obtained is able to create different perceptions via numerous effects like shadow, fiber, volume etc. Encolouring on textiles can be fulfilled by both using the colored strings and materials during manufacturing process and putting textiles to some special practices like painting or printing. When the visual and physical properties which make up textile fabrics are taken into account, it turns out that color makes visual contribution rather than physical value. In this study, relief effect in the textile fabric is examined only with the color factor. In the study that is prepared by using descriptive research method, the contribution of colour factor in terms of material and production methods to relief effect is explained with appropriate examples. Keywords: Relief, weaving, textile, color, volume

In 1964, William Hamilton presented a mechanism for the evolution of altruism, which was perceived by its main promoters as an alternative to explanations based on “group selection,” invoking advantage to the population to account for the evolution of such traits. Less than ten years later, Hamilton used the framework developed by George Price to model the evolution of an altruistic gene in a structured population, a result that has been interpreted as a spectacular conversion to group selection. This paper revisits the modeling research on altruism and the considerable semantic ambiguities concerning the levels of selection in the late 1960s and early 1970s, by studying in close detail the reflections and exchanges among Hamilton, Price, Robert Trivers, and Ilan Eshel. The challenge in this research was not simply to find and model robust mechanisms for the evolution of altruism, but to interpret their properties in unambiguous terms that could be accepted by other researchers. The continuing debate over the levels of selection results from the tension between the properties of the models and the words used in interpreting them.

The accuracy of time migrations done with finite‐difference schemes deteriorates with increasing reflector dip. Some properties of migration in general, and of finite‐difference approaches in particular, suggest a way of improving the accuracy of finite‐difference schemes for migrating steep dips. First, although data will be undermigrated when too low a velocity is used in migration, a correctly migrated result can be obtained by migrating again, this time with the previously undermigrated result as input. In fact, a sequence of undermigrations will yield the correct result as long as the sum of the squares of the migration velocities used in the different migration stages equals the square of the correct migration velocity. A second property is that the apparent spatial dip of a reflector perceived by the migration process is a function of not only the time dip of the unmigrated reflection, but also the velocity used in the migration. In a sequence of low‐velocity migrations, the apparent spatial dip perceived at each migration stage can be considerably less than the true dip. Thus, because finite‐difference migration is accurate for small spatial dips, the cascaded migrations yield a more accurate result than that of single‐stage migration. Also, because each migration stage is done with low velocity, the depth step can be large; hence, the computational effort need not be. The accuracy of the method is not compromised (in fact, it improves) in media in which velocity increases with depth. Moreover, the cascaded approach suffers no more than other methods of time migration where velocity varies mildly in the lateral direction. In applications of the method to stacked data from the Gulf of Mexico, reflections from near‐vertical flanks of salt domes were migrated with accuracy comparable to that achieved by frequency‐wavenumber domain migration.

Abstract. Seismic amplitude-versus-angle (AVA) methods are a powerful means of interpreting the physical properties of subglacial material, although interpreting an AVA response is complicated in the case of a thinly-layered substrate. A layer thinner than one-quarter of the seismic wavelength is considered seismically "thin", and reflections from its bounding interfaces are perceived as a single event. Since a lodged (non-deforming) subglacial till can capped by a thin (metre-scale) cap of dilatant (deforming) till, serious misinterpretations can result if thin layer considerations are not honoured. AVA responses for layered subglacial tills are simulated: we model dilatant layers of thickness 0.1–3.0 m (up to a quarter-wavelength of our synthetic seismic pulse) overlying a lodged half-space, assigning typical acoustic impedance and Poisson's ratios to each. If thin layer effects are neglected, the AVA response to ultra-thin (<1.0 m) dilatant layers yields incompatible physical properties (acoustic impedance and Poisson's ratio indicating, respectively, a low- and high-porosity unit). We show an interpretative strategy that identifies thin layer effects and accurately quantifies the modelled acoustic impedance of lodged till from the composite AVA response. We apply this method to example seismic AVA data from the Russell Glacier outlet of the West Greenland Ice Sheet, in which characteristics of thin layer responses are evident. We interpret a stratified subglacial deposit, with upper and lower layers of high-porosity (<1.0 m thick, Poisson's ratio >0.492 ± 0.015) and low-porosity (acoustic impedance of 4.20–4.39 × 106 kg m−2 s−1) material, respectively assumed to represent dilatant and lodged tills. Thin layer considerations are strongly advised wherever seismic AVA analyses are used to quantify subglacial material properties.

Gloss is widely accepted as a surface- and illuminationbased property, both by definition and by means of metrology. However, mechanisms of gloss perception are yet to be fully understood. Potential cues generating gloss perception can be a product of phenomena other than surface reflection and can vary from person to person. While human observers are less likely to be capable of inverting optics, they might also fail predicting the origin of the cues. Therefore, we hypothesize that color and translucency could also impact perceived glossiness. In order to validate our hypothesis, we conducted series of psychophysical experiments asking observers to rank objects by their glossiness. The objects had the identical surface geometry and shape but different color and translucency. The experiments have demonstrated that people do not perceive objects with identical surface equally glossy. Human subjects are usually able to rank objects of identical surface by their glossiness. However, the strategy used for ranking varies across the groups of people.

In this article, as we will see, intellectual development should not develop in every lesson, but in a comprehensive, systematic way. Thinking, reflecting things and phenomena of reality, is the highest stage of human cognition. At the same time, it has its own unique source of sensation that expands the boundaries of direct reflection, which allows you to gain knowledge about such properties and phenomena that a person cannot directly perceive

Typical road users appear not to understand retroreflectivity despite nightly exposure to retroreflective materials like road signs. A critical benefit of retroreflective materials is a robustness to changes in entrance angle, the angle at which light strikes the material. This study aims to measure observers’ perceived brightness judgments of surfaces representing three types of reflection (diffuse, specular, and retroreflective) when viewed under manipulations of entrance angle. Perceived brightness will be assessed before and during a demonstration including illumination from a source positioned near the observer’s eyes. Prior to the demonstration, observers are hypothesized to predict specular and retroreflective surfaces will have a consistent brightness despite changes in entrance angle. Seeing the retroreflectivity demo is expected to result in increased perceived brightness of only the retroreflective surfaces in the more extreme entrance angle conditions. Watching visual demonstrations of reflection, however, is expected to produce an enhanced appreciation that retroreflective (but not specular or diffuse) surfaces remain bright despite large changes in entrance angle. This evidence may eventually increase demand for retroreflective markings by vulnerable road users.

The article provides a semantic-cognitive analysis of the ethnocultural components of the common Turkic zoolex-eme ат ‘horse’, as a unit of the proverbial picture of the world. The proverbial picture of the world is a fragment of the linguistic picture of the world, which is a linguoculturological and cognitive model of various thematic proverbial groups. The structure of Khakassian proverbs and sayings has phonostylistic features: the obligatory presence of rhyme, assessment of various characteristics of a person and other phenomena of everyday life, figuratively associative com-parison of any properties of a person with objects of nature, including the endowment of animals with traits of a per-son’s character. Thus, the structure of all the proverbs and sayings we analyze is different in using the method of com-parative parallelism, for example, a child and a foal, a man and a horse. In the Khakass worldview philosophy, en-shrined in paremias, ат ‘horse’ is perceived as a true friend, ally and assistant of a person, in particular a man. The proverbs and sayings emphasize the relationship between man and horse, draw a figurative parallel of the positive and negative qualities of their characters, the careful and respectful attitude of man to the horse. In the Khakass national worldview, the horse is also a symbol of prosperity, well-being, therefore, it can also appear in traditional well-wishes, in reflections on the themes of eternity, time, life and death, for example, Ат öлзе, изері халар (Mudroe, 2014, p. 6) ‘Nothing disappears without a trace (lit. if a horse dies, a saddle remains)’. This proverb implies the idea that even if a person leaves this world, his good deeds will remain. The study showed the interconnection of the language and worldview culture of the Khakass ethnic group, which takes a basis in the everyday life of a nomadic society and mani-fests itself in fixed sayings, where the acting character is one of the main symbols of the Turkic world – ат ‘horse’. As far as we know, such signs are broadcast in the proverbial picture of the world and other Turkic peoples, thereby we can note the universality of the peculiarities of updating the ат ‘horse’ concept.

In emotional speech, inherent to human- linguistic, logical, and spiritual activities are interconnected, reflecting a unique process of verbal thinking in a unique way, which once again demonstrates that language is one of the means of moving not only the mind but also the psyche. In this sense, in linguistics, emotional speech is perceived as one of the distinct linguistic structures of speech. Emotional speech expands due to concepts and categories associated with activities such as perception, cognition, understanding, analysis as a linguistic and speech structure, one of the special syntactic devices aimed at transmitting and transmitting emotional effects through linguistic, intonational and grammatical means. They are active in thinking, feeling, or expressing human feelings.

The object colors that we see are constructed by the visual brain and may therefore be significantly influenced by other visual attributes we perceive the object to possess. This chapter describes an illusion that illustrates one such interdependence between perceived object shape and color. The Chromatic Mach Card is a folded concave card, one side painted white and the other magenta. When the card is perceived in inverted depth, or convex, the pinkish reflections cast by the magenta side onto the white side appear deeper in saturation and painted thereon. Like the nineteenth-century Mach Card that inspired it, the chromatic Mach Card demonstrates that the apparent surface reflectance properties of objects—and, hence, their colors—are inextricably linked to the perception of 3D shape and scene configuration via the visual brain’s inbuilt knowledge of the physics of mutual reflection.

Most research in philosophy of perception has focused on the perceptual experience of three-dimensional, solid, bounded, and coherent material objects. But we also perceive such things as rainbows, reflections, sounds, and stuff; things that are ‘ephemeral’ in the sense that they can be contrasted, in particular respects, with material objects. This book collects together fourteen new essays on the perceptual experience of ‘ephemera’. A substantive introduction by the editors provides a detailed introduction to the topic as a whole, setting out the background to this emerging area of research in contemporary philosophy of perception. This volume attempts to demonstrate that perceptual ephemera are of significant philosophical interest in their own right, and that research on ephemera provides an original route to a more developed understanding of the perceptual experience of material objects and their properties.

Abstract Context reinstatement is the process by which humans incorporate thoughts from their past into their current mental state. This chapter is concerned with characterizing the cognitive and neuropsychological underpinnings of context reinstatement. Modern theories of context reinstatement are inextricably tied to theories of how humans process and perceive the present. The primary goal of this chapter is to present a conceptual framework for characterizing how experiences unfold in time and how people’s mental states at each moment relate to their experiences. This framework allows researchers to compare, contrast, and test different theories of context reinstatement. A second component of this chapter is concerned with two fundamental properties of how people’s experiences unfold and how people perceive and remember them: scale invariance and event segmentation. The chapter concludes with a reflection on the proposed role of context reinstatement in facilitating a range of important memory-related cognitive functions.

Abstract Aesthetic experience, as I have defined it, involves attending to—perceiving and reflecting upon—an object or event’s intrinsic properties considered worthy of that attention within a community into which one has been socialized. These experiences, I have argued, are not necessarily—indeed, are rarely—“pure” in the sense that one’s attention is aimed only at aesthetic properties. One can look at a painting or landscape, listen to a song or poem and, while paying due attention to shapes or rhythms or repetitions, also think about grandma, sex, oppression, or anything else. As long as one continues to perceive or reflect on aesthetic properties, one is having a genuine aesthetic experience. Aesthetic values are different than, but they are not necessarily separate from, other values. Still, some people’s lives include more occasions of aesthetic attention than do the lives of some other people. Stated simply, “the aesthetic life” is one in which at tending to intrinsic properties valued in one’s culture because they repay that attention plays a significant role in one’s life, both quantitatively and qualitatively. In this chapter, I shall look at a literary depiction of someone who leads such a life. I shall show in detail what it entails and suggest how even those whose lives are what we might call “very aesthetic” still lead lives in which the aesthetic is integrated with other values, in particular, with ethical values1.

The subject of the study is a model of formation of future educators system of professional and pedagogical knowledge. Methodology. A set of methods was used to perform the tasks of the study. In order to characterize modern approaches to solving the problem in scientific research, disclosure of the essence and structure of the studied phenomenon, its definition in the form of a concept, methods of analysis and synthesis of literary sources were used. Justification of pedagogical conditions and stages of formation of systematic professional and pedagogical knowledge is carried out by the method of modeling. The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate the formation model of the future educators’ professional knowledge system in the process of training in higher educational institutions. The section presents the rationale of the conceptual model for the formation of systematic professional and pedagogical knowledge of future educators. Modern interpretations of the category «knowledge», their relationship to the subject of knowledge and the content of the information being acquired are considered. Knowledge is defined as a subjective image of the objective world, which arises in the mind of the subject under the influence of perceived phenomena and processes. The definitions of these phenomena accepted in modern culture in the form of concepts, notions, opinions, theories, function in human consciousness as a mental model, through which there is an identification of problems and situations and the search for ways to solve them. Systemic knowledge is a special quality of information processing, through which a person perceives the processes and phenomena around him in the form of a complexly organized interaction, namely the system. The consistency of professional and pedagogical knowledge of future educators is a special way of ordering and reflecting information in their minds, which reveals the complexity, integrity and interdependence of processes and phenomena of pedagogical reality and reveals its systemic properties. The structure of this quality of knowledge, which is formed by the interaction of motivational-directive, nominative-content and operational-generalizing components, is characterized. Professional and pedagogical knowledge is the result of reflection and structuring in the minds of educators, as the subjects of activity, psychological, pedagogical, methodological and other information. It reveals the essence and nature of childhood, its importance in the process of formation and development of personality, laws and patterns, principles, forms and directions of versatile child development in the educational process, methods of interaction between a teacher and students and their effectiveness. Future educators’ mastery of professional and pedagogical knowledge occurs under the conditions of the educational process, where the holistic nature of the object of professional activity is informally represented by many academic disciplines and with the participation of many intermediaries ( educators, authors of textbooks, methodological aids, etc.). Under these conditions, the model of future educators’ training in higher education acquires particular importance. It reveals the overall structure, peculiarities of the content and sequence of tasks to be solved in the process of theoretical and practical training of future educators. Movement to the goal in the model is represented by a sequence of following stages: adaptivefocused, structural-functional and system-integrative. The pedagogical conditions of formation of systematic professional-pedagogical knowledge of future educators in the model are as follows: integration of the content of academic disciplines on the basis of fundamental concepts that reflect the properties of the subject of future professional activity of a educator; availability of research tasks requiring consideration of variability of pedagogical phenomena in accordance with the features of the future professional activity of a teacher; providing future educators with a free choice in the process of designing situations of professional activity and ways of its implementation. Results. Pedagogical conditions of future educators’ formation of systematic professional-pedagogical knowledge are highlighted as follows: integration of the content of academic disciplines on basic pedagogical concepts that reflect the properties of the subject of the future professional activity of a educator; presence of research tasks which require consideration of variability of the pedagogical phenomena according to their functions in the future professional activity of the educator; providing students with free choice in the process of designing pedagogical situations with the future professional activity of the educator and ways of its solution.

The preceding 20 chapters reveal cirrus in considerable depth. Just as important, however, is what is not revealed. There are many things that we do not know or understand about cirrus. In this final chapter we present the outstanding scientific issues facing the cirrus research community. Our goal here is to produce a guide for students, scientists, policy makers, and funding organizations who wish to quickly grasp the direction and future needs of cirrus research. The impact of cirrus clouds on climate and how they interact with a climate perturbed by human enterprise is only dimly perceived. Do cirrus clouds, on a regional or global scale, act to cool or warm our planet? By reflecting incoming solar radiation to space, they can cool. Yet as an opacity source in the 10-μm window, they can radiate downward and warm the Earth. Which process dominates, and under what conditions does warming overtake cooling? Does the atmosphere react to cirrus globally or regionally (i.e., can cirrus increase pole-equator temperature differences or mute them)? Are there other mechanisms at work that defeat or amplify temperature changes by cirrus? We do not yet know. Programs such as SUCCESS, ICE, CRYSTAL, INCA, and FIRE/SHEBA will do much to answer questions about contrails and cirrus variability from one part of the world to another. They also will go a long way toward understanding one of the most difficult problems in meteorology: how convection and turbulence are related to cirrus formation and maintenance. In the meantime, existing capabilities are underused. For example, remote sensing techniques for estimating ice water path now exist but have not been assigned enough priority to achieve the necessary breakthroughs. Considerable progress could also be made in data analysis. As in other fields, analyzing existing data has a lower funding priority than designing and building new hardware and flight systems. Three fields of inquiry need more attention before we can claim a sufficient understanding of cirrus: physical properties, radiative properties, and modeling. These fields are interconnected in often subtle ways. Much of what we do not know about cirrus involves the range of properties and their evolution in time.

The article is devoted to the study of the real behavior (time use) of urban employed population in everyday life, reflecting the strategies of their social adaptation. Based on our comprehensive research data (including time budget monitoring) “Daily activities of the urban population: time budget, values, social adaptation” examines the structuring of the time resource in the aspect of interpreting the economic and non-economic behavior of the employed population in 2019–2020. The analysis showed that the obtained average indicators of adaptation practices (even if we assume that the subject of activity perceives them as quite acceptable) are far from optimal. This conclusion applies not only to the household, the family, but it is also true from the point of view of sociocultural and economic goals of society, its demographic expectations and is supported by the results of cross-country comparison. The article emphasizes that the characteristics of free time are an integral indicator of the result of adaptive behavior in all spheres of daily activity and contain all the fi nal properties of gender injustice in the aspect of adaptive capabilities. The analysis of the dynamics of the time use of working citizens in 1986, 2007–2008, 2019–2020 revealed the connection of adaptive behavior in daily activities with the cyclical wave transformation of the environment external to the household. Despite the facts of aligning of values, needs with real behavior, by 2019–2020 there was rather a deterioration in the results of adaptation in terms of the country’s development objectives. The problems of work, everyday life, recreation and self-development as areas of daily activity of urban residents remain on the agenda and require attention.

With rapid advance of new technologies and mediated built space has shifted from a static context of functions serving users to a new participant of social relationships. Interactive abilities and computational power allow built space to become smart, dynamic, and interactive, gaining agency, able to receive information and think, perceive and learn, respond and change behavior in real time. This paper considers architectural components and users as participants of a social network and investigates their agency within this network, modes of interaction and how the components of this system influence each other. Perception of space within or outside of the building body has become a derivative of interaction between the space and the users, and therefore subject to design and programming by architects. The principal goal of this paper is to investigate the new definition of social role of interactive architecture and explain how it communicates with users, investigate the new properties it has and how does it influence users' behavior and space awareness. It reveals the importance of bi-directional communication between society and interactive environment. Interactive space works as a mirror, reflecting social and cultural context, or a double-sided mirror allowing interactive environment to observe users and decide how to act in accordance with these observations. Within the framework of this discourse, architectural components and people are treated as agents of one socio-technical network with equal rights and agency. It considers both human and non-human elements equally as actors within a network, employing the same analytical and descriptive methodology to all actors within a heterogeneous network.

The history of aluminum production in the United States is a reflection upon tangible materials, shifting power plays for ecological resources in the context of rapidly-expanding consumerism, and the focus of this paper, the perceived revolutionary properties of aluminum. Aluminum producers believed that the material possessed an extraordinary ability to solve spatial problems, represent beauty, and ultimately bring prosperity. Within this context, producers and manu¬facturers competing in the architectural products market left an indelible mark on the built environment with a wide range of components. Cladding, however, is the most visible mark. This paper follows the process of aluminum cladding production from Bauxite mine to the installation of aluminum panels on two high rise towers in the mid-twentieth century: the Alcoa Tower, Pittsburgh, 1953, and Republic National Bank, Dallas, 1954. Increased scrutiny of this process reveals an underlying philosophy of materialism similar to contemporary philosophies of “New Materialisms” which advocate the abilities of materials outside of the human domain. The producers’ materialist beliefs helped substantiate their drive to extract raw materials at great expense and with much exhaustion of natural resources, which continues today. The process of twentieth-century aluminum production involved damming the world’s largest rivers for power, claiming resources on domestic and colonial lands, and the employment of human capital. Boosted significantly by war production, in which producers manufactured aluminum air¬craft parts, gun turrets and munitions, the postwar result was often a clean, lightweight and shiny aluminum panel, contrasting sharply with the gritty production process of mining, processing and manufacturing. Yet, this contrast is precisely a manifestation of the producers’ materialist philosophy, which maintained the properties of aluminum, liberated from the earth, could help bring about a prosperous future. Such a future was a leading marketing message of producers, promoted in so-called “homes of the future” and cities of aluminum, but also made in promises that aluminum could bring about prosperity. A tall, gleaming corporate tower of aluminum symbolized the producers’ claims about the agency of aluminum. Examining the archives of Alcoa and Reynolds – the two largest domestic aluminum producers of the twentieth century, this paper explains how producers’ beliefs about material agency underpinned the vast expansion of aluminum into the building products market. Aluminum spread widely from the mid-twentieth century onward, growing in use today on a global scale. Furthermore, this paper invites a deeper look at the ways in which the beliefs about the inherent abilities of materials motivated other material producers in their contribution to architectural modernism.

Rifle injuries are relatively common in emergency cases. It may result in several acute damages or it could lead to chronic consequences to the patient. This paper reports a case of a rifle injury on the leg that resulted in neuropathic pain and venous insufficiency. To treat this patient, a multidimensional approach was prefered, using comprehensive therapy, drug treatment and neuromodulation. The case reported in this paper was gathered by appreciation of the patient’s records and interviews and was discussed in the light of the most recent literature. Neuropathic pain is caused by lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system, according to The International Association for Study of Pain that affects over 7 to 8 percent of general populations and corresponds to 20 to 25 percent of chronic pain, most frequently in women and man older than 50-years, diagnosed exclusively via clinical criteria. It might be classified by the clinical manifestations: spontaneous pain, evoked pain, after sensations, hyperpathia and referred pain. The details of pathophysiology of neuropathic pain are yet to be clarified once most of the data in the matter comes from animal testing and should be interpreted carefully, majorly in the long-term assessments. It is clear, though, that several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenic process, depending on anatomical location and etiology, and that different classifications of neuropathic pain could be clustered to form several subgroups based on the symptoms combination, each reflecting different mechanisms. Understanding these underlying mechanisms is crucial to a proper treatment of the patient. In this paper, we report a patient who suffered from a fire gun injury in the left feet resulting in a neuropathic pain. A 40-year-old male comes to the office referring to allodynia, hyperalgesia, burning pain and paroxysmal pain, characterizing persistent neuropathic pain, intensity 8 in the one-to-ten scale, and edema during the day in the left inferior member. The patient reports being shot, one year and half before, with a 5.56 caliber rifle at the left feet, riching the fifth metatarsal No remarkable finding was present in the medical history prior to the incident. At physical examination, it was perceived that the patient developed venous insufficiency, for which was prescribed a ⅞ compression socks (30- 40 mmhg). The neuropathic pain was firstly treated with pregabalin 50 mg/ day and Duloxetine 30 mg/day, showing relevant response. Then, electroneuromyography revealed intermedial dorsal cutaneous nerve injury, being managed with a local block, prepared with 8 ml of 2% Lidocaine and 2 ml of 4 mg Dexamethasone, and a 30 Hz neuromodulation, terminating the pain. Ballistic knowledge is essential to a proper management of gunshots injury. In this case report, the patient suffered a 5.56 caliber rifle injury, a high-velocity gun, resulting in an intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve and the fifth metatarsal lesion. In these injuries, the projectile transfers energy to the affected tissue, expanding and crushing it. This brief expansion creates a subatmospheric pressure resulting in bacterial and foreign material suction into the wound. It is worth to note that gunshot-related injuries in the feet, due to scarce soft tissue, numerous bones and articulations, are more propense to vascular and neural lesions. Although pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropathic pain are not fully understood, it is described post-traumatic peripheral ectopic nerve activity and central sensitization that could help to understand the pain origin. Moreover, coexisting psychological and emotional triggers might be associated with neuropathic pain association. As the electroneuromyography shows, the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve, the smallest branch of the fibular nerve, was injured at the fifth metatarsal level rising neuropathic pain. In addition, as mentioned above, gunshot injuries might lead to bacterial invasion, triggering the inflammatory response. In this setting, it is important to point out that evidence suggests inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines as an inductor factor for pain hypersensitivity. Another possible gunshot related etiology that must be considered is lead toxicity in the composition of gun projectiles, which is reportedly associated with neuropathies. For its heterogeneity of etiologies, mechanisms and presentations, it is essential to understand the underlying causes and its consequences to a proper treatment resulting in partial or full pain relief. In this case, the patient was treated with Duloxetine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and first line to treat neuropathic pain, and pregabalin, an anticonvulsant used to inhibit neuronal excitatory transmission. The synergistic action of these drugs is superior compared to monotherapy. Auxiliary, a local block was performed using Lidocaine analgesic, sodium channel blocker, and Dexamethasone, an antiinflammatory corticosteroid, testifying in favor of mechanical and inflammatory pathogenic mechanism originated by the gunshot injury. Finally, it is worth noting that gunshot wounds might give rise to venous insufficiency as a result of vascular injury and must be carefully considered in order to provide the proper treatment, revascularization for exemple. Another possible cause is deep venous thrombosis and leg injury accounts as a risk factor. In this case, it was opted for compression therapy, a conservative treatment, for increased venous return. Concluding that, neuropathic pain is a heterogeneous condition with a limited action mechanism understanding. It is required from the physicians to comprehend the multiple dimensions and main etiology of this disease in order to provide a proper treatment. As gunshots may contribute to the rise of several damage mechanisms, this case report highlights the importance of acknowledging ballistic properties and possibilities wound-related.