Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Recyclage interne"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Recyclage interne"
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PIERONNE, P., I. RAGUÉNÈS, S. HERCULE-BOBROFF, B. HERSANT, O. LE GOALLEC e J. F. LORET. "Recyclage des effluents de lavage de filtration au sein d’une filière de production d’eau potable : un guide professionnel pour faciliter les projets". Techniques Sciences Méthodes 1-2 (20 de fevereiro de 2023): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/202301051.
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Les usines de production d’eau potable disposent d’un levier d’amélioration de leur empreinte environnementale, via le recyclage interne des effluents de lavage de leurs filtres. Cette pratique, déjà existante en France, diminue les prélèvements dans les ressources en eau, limite les rejets et peut conduire à une économie énergétique. Toutefois, en raison d’éventuels risques sanitaires liés à la qualité de la ressource et au type de traitement, chaque projet de recyclage est considéré comme un cas particulier, et soumis à autorisation spécifique. Le cadre réglementaire du recyclage étant assez général en France, il a fallu le compléter par un cadre sanitaire. Ainsi les acteurs locaux désireux de mettre en place de tels projets et les autorités sanitaires locales chargées d’instruire les dossiers disposent depuis 2017 de lignes directrices publiées par l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses), qui s’appuient sur des études et retours d’expériences de la Fédération professionnelle des entreprises de l’eau (FP2E). Pour compléter ce document de référence, la FP2E a édité en 2021 un guide destiné à accompagner les maîtres d’ouvrage, les maîtres d’oeuvre, les concepteurs et les opérateurs, dans la conception et la gestion opérationnelle de leurs projets de recyclage. Ce guide, également diffusé aux agences régionales de santé (ARS), synthétise les principales recommandations de l’Anses et illustre de façon concrète leur application pour les grandes configurations de filières rencontrées sur le terrain. Après une brève présentation du guide FP2E, des retours d’expérience de trois services d’eau potable ayant adopté le recyclage d’effluents de lavage sont exposés, avec dans chaque cas une description des motivations et des modalités de mise en oeuvre et une synthèse des principales étapes du projet. Ces exemples montrent que cette pratique, vertueuse pour l’environnement, est suffisamment encadrée pour assurer la sécurité sanitaire. Elle est donc à promouvoir plus largement.
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Sotomayor, O. A. Z., S. W. Park e C. Garcia. "Modèle de référence pour évaluer différentes stratégies de contrôle dans des usines de traitement des eaux usées". Revue des sciences de l'eau 15, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 543–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705468ar.
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Dans la majorité des pays, il existe des lois strictes pour réglementer la qualité de l'eau provenant des systèmes de traitement d'eaux usées. Ces spécifications légales sont essentiellement influencées par des questions telles que la santé publique, l'environnement et les facteurs économiques. Les objectifs fondamentaux des procédés de traitement des eaux usées sont d'atteindre, avec l'utilisation d'énergie et à des coûts opérationnels minimaux, une concentration de matière biodégradable et de nutriments suffisamment basse dans les effluents et une production minimale de boues. Les systèmes de traitement des eaux usées sont de grandes dimensions et complexes. Ils sont aussi sujets à des variations importantes dans le flux d'entrée et dans la composition de l'eau à l'entrée, qui ne sont pas bien connues. Le procédé est multivariable, avec beaucoup de couplages croisés et nonlinéarités importantes. La dynamique dépend de la variabilité des flux d'entrée et de la complexité des phénomènes physico-chimiques et biochimiques. Le comportement dynamique démontre une énorme variation de temps de réponse (de quelques minutes jusqu'à plusieurs jours). Ces problèmes, combinés aux objectifs les plus importants du traitement des eaux usées, donnent lieu à une demande de techniques de commande avancées, qui peuvent conduire à une réduction du volume à traiter, une diminution importante dans l'utilisation des produits chimiques, et une possibilité d'économie d'énergie et une diminution des coûts d'opération. Dans ce travail, un " benchmark " (modèle de référence) d'un système complet de traitement des eaux usées a été développé, pour évaluer, à partir de simulations, la performance des différentes stratégies de commande proposées, y compris les techniques de respirométrie ("respirometry"). Ce travail s'aparente au Programme Européen d'Action COST (COST 624), et au projet "Respirometry in Control of the Activated Sludge Process (IWA Respirometry Task Group"). Le "Benchmark" représente un procédé de prédénitrification de la boue activée pour éliminer la matière organique et l'azote des effluents domestiques. Le simulateur est basé sur des modèles largement acceptés par la communauté internationale et il a été implanté dans un environnement Matlab/Simulink. La topologie du système et le développement complet du simulateur sont présentés dans ce travail. L'effet des conditions initiales et des caractéristiques du flux d'entrée (valeurs moyennes) sont analysés, aussi bien qu'un test en boucle ouverte. Les stratégies suivantes ont été sélectionnées en guise d'illustration de l'application de la commande automatique dans le "benchmark" (seulement avec commande proportionnel-intégral monovariable): commande basée sur la concentration d'oxygène dissous ("DO concentration-based control"), commande par respirométrie (commande par biomasse active et commande par taux de respiration bactérienne), et commande par concentration de nitrate (commande par dosage externe de carbone et recyclage du flux interne). Le "benchmark" est continuellement mis a jour et sa prochaine version va incorporer des fonctions d'optimisation en temps réel (on line) pour le procédé.
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Bułkowska, Katarzyna, Magdalena Zielińska e Maciej Bułkowski. "Blockchain-Based Management of Recyclable Plastic Waste". Energies 17, n.º 12 (14 de junho de 2024): 2937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122937.
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Effective management of recyclable plastic waste is critical for environmental sustainability and economic viability. Blockchain technology has transformative potential in addressing the challenges of plastic waste management. Currently, the inefficiency of plastic recycling systems results in low recycling rates and significant environmental impacts due to poor sorting, contamination, and limited technology application. However, innovations such as chemical recycling, solvent-based techniques, and biotechnology offer promising advances in the management of plastic waste. Blockchain technology provides a transparent, decentralized ledger that enhances traceability and incentives through smart contracts, decentralized applications (DApps), and digital watermarks. These blockchain solutions can improve waste tracking, automate payments, and reward participants who recycle responsibly. Although significant investment in technology and education is required, integrating blockchain with the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analytics could revolutionize plastic waste management by creating transparent, efficient, and collaborative recycling ecosystems. Blockchain technology has immense potential to redefine the management of plastic waste and promote a sustainable, circular economy.
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IMAHORI, Yoko, e Tohru MORIOKA. "Recycle Information Matching System on Internet aiming at Recycle Symbiotic Society." ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH 28 (2000): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proer.28.383.
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Liu, Tingting, Zichen Zheng, Zhichao Wen, Shangyun Wu, Yaru Liu, Jing Cao e Zhixiong Weng. "Factors Influencing Residents’ Behavior in Internet Recycling: From the Perspective of the Adoption of New Technology". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 10 (19 de maio de 2022): 6166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106166.
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Achieving carbon neutrality has become a major national strategy for sustainability, and the recycling of recyclable resources is an important direction toward doing so. Due to the huge amounts of recyclable resources generated every year and the low recycling rate, a new Internet recycling model with great potential to increase the recycling rate has developed rapidly in China. However, low participation from residents hinders the sustainable development of Internet recycling. Through this study, we aim to uncover potential avenues for improving Internet recycling behavior. The factors influencing Internet recycling from the perspective of new technologies have scarcely been investigated. Therefore, this study used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology theoretical framework to explore the factors influencing residents’ intentions and behavior toward Internet recycling. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 500 residents of Beijing, China, and empirical analysis was conducted using the structural equation model. The results indicated that social influence and performance expectancy significantly influence residents’ intentions to participate in Internet recycling, whereas effort expectancy and perceived risk do not. Facilitating conditions and behavioral intentions were identified as influential factors for use behavior. Relevant recommendations for promoting residents’ Internet recycling behavior were proposed.
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Wang, Huaidong, Honggui Han, Tingting Liu, Xi Tian, Ming Xu, Yufeng Wu, Yifan Gu, Yaru Liu e Tieyong Zuo. "“Internet +” recyclable resources: A new recycling mode in China". Resources, Conservation and Recycling 134 (julho de 2018): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.03.006.
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Ramly, Ruwaida, Aznida Abu Bakar Sajak e Muhaira Rashid. "IoT recycle management system to support green city initiatives". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 15, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2019): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp1037-1045.
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<p>In July 2009, Government of Malaysia had launched Green Technology Policy as new initiatives from Malaysia to handle greenhouse effect issue and energy usage through application and green technologies development to reduce carbon footprint. This project, Internet of Things (IoT) Recycle Management System is an idea to help the government in gearing the nation towards this aim with a developed system or technology that support green environment. For this paper, the intended cities are Putrajaya and Cyberjaya areas since both of these cities are chosen as a pioneer for the Green City Initiatives by the Government. This Arduino based Internet of Things (IoT) project is an upcoming urban technology that transforms everyday current recycling system into an ecosystem that would enrich our lives and make it exciting to recycle things anywhere. Hence, encourages Malaysian to recycle their things regularly and make it as a normal routine. This project consists of the development of recycle waste bin that have sensor-based and a database with webpage system for client interface which be connected via Internet network. This project has a huge prospect to be implemented in the future, should there be a collaboration with Government entities and Non- Government entities as this effort needs huge support from all Malaysians in order to realize first class mentality transformation.</p>
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Jannah, Raudlatul. "Menciptakan Kewarganegaraan Ekologis di Era Digital melalui Kampoeng Recycle Jember". Journal of Urban Sociology 1, n.º 2 (2 de outubro de 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jus.v1i2.567.
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Dalam masyarakat digital, warga negara tidak hanya menggunakan teknologi informasi sebagai alat untuk mendapatkan hiburan namun juga menjadi medium untuk berpartisipasi dalam ruang publik bahkan melakukan upaya pemberdayaan untuk kesejahteraan. Meskipun perkembangan e-commerce sebagai salah satu ciri masyarakat digital telah menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif seperti konsumerisme, eksploitasi besar-besaran terhadap alam serta masalah sampah elektronik namun era digital juga membuka peluang membangun kesadaran lingkungan melalui konsep kewarganegaraan ekologis. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya membangun kewarganegaraan ekologis melalui gagasan Kampoeng Recycle. Dalam upayanya, Kampoeng Recycle menerapkan beberapa strategi. Pertama, menerapkan trilogi konsep (eco-structures, eco-literacy dan eco-preneurship). Ketiga konsep ini saling berkaitan satu sama lain, meskipun eco-literacy menjadi kunci terpenting membangun kesadaran masyarakat. Kedua, melibatkan generasi muda baik mahasiswa relawan yang ingin terlibat dalam Kampoeng Recycle maupun aktivis GenBI yang aktif mensosialisasikan gagasan Kampoeng Recycle sejak awal. Ketiga, penggunaan media sosial untuk menyebarluaskan jaringan Kampoeng Recycle. Keempat, penggunaan media internet seperti website dan youtube untuk penyebarluasan gagasan. Strategi ini dilakukan dalam upaya membangun kesadaran, etika dan moral warga negara terhadap lingkungannya khususnya terkait masalah sampah. Harapannya adalah terwujudnya perilaku bertanggungjawab dalam mengelola dan melestarikan lingkungan pada setiap warga negara.Keywords: Kewarganegaraan Ekologis, Masyarakat Digital, Kampoeng Recycle
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Ratton, Alexandre Eduardo Santos, João Paulo Pereira Marcicano e Júlia Baruque-Ramos. "Redução de Impostos para Incentivar a Reciclagem de Garrafas PET". Revista Gestão & Políticas Públicas 14, n.º 1 (31 de agosto de 2024): 172–88. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2237-1095.rgpp.2024.227171.
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L’industrie textile joue un rôle essentiel dans l’économie mondiale, influençant non seulement la mode et le style de vie, mais aussi des questions socio-économiques et environnementales. Ce travail vise à présenter une proposition de réduction d’impôts pour les fils de polyester produits à partir de bouteilles en PET recyclées, dans le but de favoriser le processus de recyclage des bouteilles. Pour ce faire, une analyse de la législation en vigueur a été réalisée afin de vérifier l’existence d’un quelconque avantage fiscal pour les produits fabriqués à partir de matériaux recyclés. Dans cette analyse, la seule possibilité trouvée était la réduction des droits d’importation, ce qui pourrait contribuer d’une certaine manière, mais une réduction des impôts sur les transactions internes aurait un impact plus important.
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Naveen Raja, S. M., Gayatri Parasa, Thangiah Sathish Kumar, Kondalarao Punati, Pradeep Balasubramani, Koppuravuri Gurnadha Gupta, G. Bhuvaneswari, Y. S. Lalitha e Sami Anand. "A reforming municipal waste management model with the internet of things (IoT) for smart garbage tracking and optimization". MATEC Web of Conferences 392 (2024): 01117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202439201117.
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Municipal waste management is crucial for cities as it enhances the urban atmosphere, conserves assets, and safeguards the ecological balance. An adequate and effective waste management strategy leads to significant environmental issues. The absence of dustbins, littering, and improper usage of dustbins create unsanitary conditions in cities and harm the ecosystem. The theft or destruction of the dustbins is a significant issue. This research uses deep learning-based classifiers with the Internet of Things (IoT) and a cloud computing approach to accurately categorize trash at the start of garbage collection. The research categorizes recyclable garbage into six groups: plastics, glass, paper or cardboard, metallic items, textiles, and other recyclable materials to aid future waste disposal. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are used for trash categorization. This study tries to provide a basic answer to this issue via IoT technologies. A function will be added to the user's website to inform them about the present condition of the closest smart waste bins. This will allow users to locate and use the nearest bin if the one in their area is full. This research intends to enhance the safety of smart waste bins by securing the sensors and implementing bins with a concrete body to prevent theft and damage.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Recyclage interne"
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Belfqueh, Sahar. "Développement d’un procédé éco-compatible de recyclage des terres rares issues des aimants permanents". Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2022. http://theses.enscm.fr/interne/ENSCM_2022_BELFQUEH.pdf.
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Les terres rares (TRs) sont omniprésentes dans les objets technologiques du quotidien (téléphones mobiles, ordinateurs, …) et sont de plus en plus utilisées dans les technologies vertes (éoliennes, véhicules électriques, …). Ces métaux, de par leur importance, sont considérés comme critiques pour l’Europe qui détient très peu de gisements primaires. L’accès à ces TRs peut être envisagé au travers du recyclage de produits en fin de vie, en particulier par l’intermédiaire des aimants permanents de type NdFeB ou SmCo qui représentent environ 37%, en masse, du marché des TRs.Dans ce contexte, la présente thèse étudie le recyclage des TRs (Nd, Pr et Dy) provenant des aimants permanents de type NdFeB issus des disques durs d’ordinateurs par voie hydrométallurgique « éco-compatible » en considérant l’utilisation d’un acide organique lors du processus de lixiviation comme alternative aux acides minéraux, et un diglycolamide (N,N,N′,N′‐Tetraoctyl diglycolamide - TODGA) comme molécule extractante dans le processus d’extraction liquide-liquide comme alternative aux composés organophosphorés.Des études multiparamétriques ont été réalisées afin d’étudier la récupération sélective des TRs vis-à-vis des autres éléments présents dans ces aimants, en particulier le fer.Ainsi à partir des résultats obtenus, deux procédés alternatifs sont proposés.Le premier consiste en un grillage oxydant de la poudre d’aimants NdFeB suivi de deux lixiviations sélectives par l’acide acétique qui permettent, après les étapes de précipitation et de calcination, une séparation de l’oxyde Didymium (Nd2O3. Pr2O3), de l’oxyde de dysprosium (Dy2O3) et de l’oxyde de fer (Fe2O3) qui est non lixiviable dans l’acide acétique. La faisabilité de ce procédé a été démontrée sur des mélanges synthétiques d’oxydes ayant une composition identique à celle d’une poudre d’aimants NdFeB oxydée (lixiviation > 95%, pureté des oxydes >99,8%). Cependant, les conditions du grillage oxydant doivent être optimisés davantage pour reproduire les mêmes résultats sur la poudre d’aimant réelle.Le second procédé consiste en une lixiviation totale de la poudre d’aimant NdFeB brute par l’acide acétique suivi par une étape d’extraction liquide-liquide en utilisant le TODGA comme molécule extractante. Ainsi il a été montré que l’extraction quantitative de l’ensemble des TRs (Nd, Pr et Dy) avec une excellente sélectivité vis-à-vis des autres métaux présents dans le lixiviat (Fe, B, Co et Ni) est possible en deux étages d’extraction liquide-liquide. La désextraction quantitative de l’ensemble des TRs extraits a ensuite été possible en utilisant une solution d’EDTA. De plus, Une extraction multi-étagée en utilisant le TODGA suivi d’une désextraction à l’eau déionisée permet d’envisager la séparation du Didymium et du DyRare earth elements (REEs) are omnipresent in high technology devices (smartphones, computers…) and are increasingly used in green technologies (wind power turbines, electric vehicles…). Due to their importance, these metals are considered critical for Europe, which has very few primary deposits. Access to these REEs can be considered through the recycling of end-of-life products, in particular through NdFeB or SmCo permanent magnets, which represent 37%, by weight, of the REEs market.In this context, this thesis studies the recycling of REEs, especially Nd, Pr and Dy from NdFeB permanent magnets, found in hard disk drives, through “eco-compatible” hydrometallurgical routes considering the use of organic acids in the leaching process as alternatives to the mineral acids, and the use of a diglycolamide (N,N,N′,N′‐Tetraoctyl diglycolamide - TODGA) as the extracting molecule as an alternative to organophosphorus compounds.Multiparametric studies were realized in order to evaluate the selective recovery of REEs from other elements present in these magnets, in particular iron.Thus, from the results obtained, two alternative methods are proposed.The first process consists in an oxidative roasting of the NdFeB magnet powder followed by two selective leaching steps that allow, after the steps of precipitation and calcination, the separation of Didymium oxide (Nd2O3. Pr2O3), dysprosium oxide (Dy2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) which is non-leachable in acetic acid. The feasibility of this process has been demonstrated on synthetic mixtures of oxides having the same composition as an oxidized NdFeB magnet powder (leaching> 95%, oxide purity> 99.8%). However, the oxidative roasting conditions must be further optimized in order to reproduce the same results on the real NdFeB magnet powder.The second process starts with the complete leaching of the non-roasted NdFeB magnet powder followed by a solvent extraction step using the extracting molecule TODGA. Thereby, a two-stage solvent extraction allowed the extraction of all REEs (Nd, Pr and Dy) with excellent selectivity against other elements present in the acetic acid leachate (Fe, B, Co and Ni). The quantitative stripping of all extracted REEs was possible using an EDTA solution. In addition, a multi-stage solvent extraction, using TODGA, followed by a stripping step using water allowed the separation of Didymium and dysprosium
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Briand, Axel. "Étude d’un procédé de délamination en milieu CO2 supercritique pour le recyclage de modules photovoltaïques". Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2022. http://theses.enscm.fr/interne/ENSCM_2022_BRIAND.pdf.
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Le volume de panneaux photovoltaïques en fin de vie à gérer va considérablement augmenter au cours de la prochaine décennie. Dans l'optique d'une économie circulaire respectueuse de l'environnement, il devient plus que nécessaire de développer des procédés de recyclage efficaces. Dans ce contexte, un procédé de délamination utilisant du CO2 supercritique a été étudié pour le recyclage des modules photovoltaïques en fin de vie. Le procédé étudié au sein de cette thèse se compose d’une phase d’absorption du CO2 au sein du polymère d’encapsulation, l’éthylène d’acétate de vinyle, à une pression palier suivie d’une dépressurisation rapide conduisant au moussage de l’éthylène d’acétate de vinyle. Ce phénomène de moussage engendre une perte d’adhésion aux interfaces du polymère moussé. Ce travail de thèse se propose d’étudier la phénoménologie de chacune des étapes. Dans cet objectif, un couplage entre une cellule haute pression et un dispositif optique a été réalisé pour permettre des observations in-situ de la formation de bulles et de l’expansion du polymère. En s’appuyant sur cette compréhension, l’utilisation de paramètres opératoires adaptés a démontré la potentialité du procédé pour la délamination complète de modules photovoltaïques en vue du recyclage spécifique de chacun de ses composantsThe volume of end-of-life photovoltaic panels to be managed will increase considerably over the next decade. In the context of an environmentally friendly circular economy, it is becoming more than necessary to develop efficient recycling processes. In this context, a delamination process using supercritical CO2 was studied for the recycling of end-of-life photovoltaic modules. The process studied in this thesis consists of a CO2 absorption phase within the encapsulating polymer, ethylene vinyl acetate, at a pressure level followed by a rapid depressurization leading to the foaming of the ethylene vinyl acetate. This foaming phenomenon leads to a loss of adhesion at the interfaces of the foamed polymer. This thesis proposes to study the phenomenology of each step. For this purpose, a coupling between a high-pressure cell and an optical device was used to allow in-situ observations of bubble formation and polymer expansion. Based on this understanding, the use of adapted operating parameters demonstrated the potentiality of the process for the complete delamination of photovoltaic modules for the specific recycling of each of its components
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Hu, Peng. "Stochastic and multi-criteria optimization for remanufacturing industry". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. https://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2023/interne/2023UPASG070.pdf.
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Le désassemblage des produits en fin de vie (EOL) dans la remanufacturation a attiré une attention considérable ces dernières années en raison de ses avantages en matière d'économie de ressources non renouvelables, de protection de l'environnement et de promotion de la croissance économique. Dans la littérature existante, 1) la plupart des problèmes stochastiques d'équilibrage de la ligne de désassemblage supposent que les distributions de probabilité des paramètres incertains soient connues ; 2) la majorité des problèmes d'équilibrage de la ligne de désassemblage se concentrent sur un seul produit ; 3) peu de travaux portent sur les problèmes de conception de la chaîne logistique inversée (RSC) liés à l'équilibrage de la ligne de désassemblage. En réalité, plusieurs RSC liées au désassemblage de produits EOL existent dans les industries de la remanufacturation, telles que l'automobile, les téléphones mobiles, etc. Pour combler ces lacunes dans la littérature, trois nouveaux problèmes liés à l'équilibrage de la ligne de désassemblage sont étudiés dans cette thèse.Tout d'abord, une DLBP à produit unique avec des informations partielles sur les temps de traitement des tâches est étudiée, où seules la moyenne, la borne inférieure et la borne supérieure des temps de traitement des tâches sont connues. L'objectif est de minimiser le coût de désassemblage. Pour le problème étudié, un modèle conjoint à contraintes de probabilités est proposé. Ensuite, une nouvelle formulation sans distribution et une formulation basée sur une approximation de programme de cônes de second ordre sont construites en fonction des propriétés du problème. Les résultats expérimentaux sur 7 instances de référence et sur 81 instances générées aléatoirement montrent l'efficacité de l'approche proposée.Deuxièmement, une nouve DLBP stochastique multi-produits avec un temps de traitement de tâche incertain est abordée, où seules la moyenne, l'écart type et la limite supérieure des temps de tâche sont disponibles. L'objectif est de minimiser le coût de désassemblage. Pour le problème, un modèle conjoint à contraintes de probabilités est formulé. Ensuite, sur la base de l'analyse du problème, le modèle conjoint à contraintes de probabilités est approximativement transformé en un modèle sans distribution. Ensuite, plusieurs inégalités valides et une méthode exacte de coupe et de résolution sont conçues pour résoudre efficacement le problème. Les résultats des expériences sur un exemple illustratif et sur 490 instances générées aléatoirement démontrent les bonnes performances du modèle proposé, des inégalités valides et de la méthode de résolution.Enfin, un nouveau problème de conception de la RSC lié à l'équilibrage de la ligne de désassemblage multi-produits est étudié, où l'approvisionnement en produits EOL, la demande en composants et les temps de traitement des tâches sont supposés incertains. Les objectifs sont de maximiser le profit attendu et de minimiser simultanément les émissions de dioxyde de carbone. Pour le problème, un modèle bi-objectif de programmation stochastique à deux étapes et non linéaire est formulé, et approximativement transformé en un modèle sans distribution linéaire en fonction des propriétés du problème. Ensuite, une méthode basée sur des contraintes epsilon-construites est proposée, dans laquelle une décomposition de Benders améliorée est conçue pour résoudre les problèmes transformés à objectif unique. Des expériences numériques comprenant une étude de cas et sur 200 instances générées aléatoirement sont menées pour évaluer les performances des méthodes proposées. De plus, une analyse de sensibilité est réalisée pour tirer des enseignements en matière de gestionEnd-of-Life (EOL) products disassembly in remanufacturing has received extensive attention in recent years owing to their advantages in saving non-renewable resources, protecting the environment and promoting economic growth. In the existing literature, 1) most of stochastic disassembly line balancing problems assume that the probability distributions of uncertain parameters are known; 2) majority of disassembly line balancing problems focus on single product; 3) few works study the disassembly line balancing related reverse supply chain (RSC) design problems. In reality, multiple EOL products disassembly related RSC exist in remanufacturing industries, such as automobile, mobile phone, etc. To bring these research gaps, three new disassembly line balancing related problems are investigated in this thesis.Firstly, a single product disassembly line balancing problem (DLBP) with partial information of task processing times is studied, where only the mean, lower and upper bounds of task processing times are known. The objective is to minimize the disassembly cost. For the studied problem, a joint chance-constrained model is proposed. Then, a new distribution-free formulation and a second-order cone program approximation-based formulation are constructed based on problem properties. Experimental results on 7 benchmark instances and 81 randomly generated instances show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.Secondly, a new stochastic multi-product DLBP with uncertain task processing time is addressed, where only the mean, standard deviation and upper bound of task times are available. The objective is to minimize the disassembly cost. For the problem, a joint chance-constrained model is formulated. Then, based on problem analysis, the joint chance-constrained model is approximately transformed into a distribution-free model. Subsequently, several valid inequalities and an exact lifted cut-and-solve method are designed to efficiently solve the problem. Experiments results on an illustrative example and 490 randomly generated instances demonstrate the good performances of the proposed model, valid inequalities and solution method.Finally, a novel multi-product disassembly line balancing related RSC design problem is investigated, where EOL products supply, components demand and task processing times are assumed to be uncertain. The objectives are to maximize the expected profit and minimize carbon dioxide emissions, simultaneously. For the problem, a bi-objective nonlinear two-stage stochastic programming model is formulated and approximately transformed to a linear distribution-free model based on problem properties. Then, an exact epsilon-constrained based method is proposed, in which an improved Benders decomposition is designed to solve the transformed single objective problems. Numerical experiments including one case study and 200 randomly generated instances are conducted to evaluate the performance of proposed methods. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is made to draw managerial insights
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Boukortt, Nour El Imene. "Biogéochimie d’un estuaire soumis aux hypoxies : processus de recyclage benthique des nutriments et des métaux associés dans la Loire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ANGE0034.
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L'hypoxie est un problème qui s'est largement répandu au cours du 20ème siècle. Un apport excessif en nutriments favorise la production de matière organique qui, lors de sa dégradation, provoque une baisse d'oxygénation pouvant atteindre des niveaux critiques pour les organismes vivants. Dans les estuaires macrotidaux comme la Loire, la demande en oxygène est accrue dans la zone de turbidité maximale (ZTM), une caractéristique clé de ces derniers. La ZTM agit comme un réacteur hétérotrophe générant une demande locale en OD. De plus, la Loire a subi une longue histoire d’enrichissement en nutriments. Le stock hérité dans les sédiments peut avoir entravé la restauration en dépit de la diminution des apports amont, en raison des flux de nutriments des sédiments vers la colonne d’eau. L'objectif est de comprendre le couplage benthique-pélagique qui conduit au maintien des hypoxies. Après une caractérisation de la dynamique du DO et des nutriments dans l’eau, ce travail a évalué la dynamique des processus de remobilisation de nutriments par les sédiments, et a modélisé ses interactions avec la colonne d’eau afin d'aboutir à un bilan chiffré de la consommation d’OD dans différentes zones de l’estuaire. Les résultats révèlent que les conditions hydrodynamiques, en particulier le débit fluvial et la position de la ZTM, jouent un rôle crucial dans la régulation des échanges de nutriments. Cette étude présente un modèle qui offre une quantification nouvelle du recyclage des nutriments dans la Loire. Les résultats soulignent la nécessité d'approches de gestion intégrée pour restaurer la qualité de l'eau de l'estuaire de la LoireHypoxia has become a widespread issue during the 20th century. An excessive supply of nutrients promotes organic matter production and its degradation causes a decline in oxygenation that can reach critical levels for living organisms. In macrotidal estuaries such as the Loire, oxyegn demand is enhanced in the turbidity maximum zone (TMZ), a key feature of these systems. TMZ acts as a heterotrophic reactor, generating a local oxygen demand.In addition, the Loire has a long history of nutrient enrichment. The inherited stock in the sediments may have hindered restoration despite the reduction in upstream inputs, due to the flow of nutrients from the sediments into the water column. The aim of this work is to understand the benthic--pelagic coupling that maintenans hypoxia. After characterising the dynamics of oxyegn and nutrients in the water, this work assessed the dynamics of nutrient remobilisation processes by sediments, and modelled its interactions with the water column in order to produce an estimation of oxyegn consumption and nutrient recyclng in different estuarine areas. The results show that hydrodynamic conditions, in particular river flow and TMZ position, play a key role in regulating nutrient exchange. This study presents a model that offers a new quantification of nutrient recycling in the Loire. The results highlight the need for integrated management approaches to restore water quality in the estuary
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Lamolle, Vincent. "Etude de cisaillement intense de plastiques mélangés en vue d'applications au recyclage". Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11068.
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Tout en peignant un rapide tour d'horizon du recyclage, cette étude s'oriente rapidement vers le recyclage de matière plastique par un axe d'approche inhabituel : le matériel utilisé pour le travail des thermoplastiques et son efficacité lors d'une utilisation pour le recyclage. Partant du constat que les matériels industriels n'ont pas été conçus pour régénérer des matières plastiques en mélange, nous avançons une idée de création d'un matériel innovant qui pourrait convenir à une application de recyclage de matière plastique en mélange. Un appareil créant un champs de cisaillement/étirement devrait être capable d'améliorer les qualités du mélange. Partant de ce besoin, nous avons conçu un appareil innovant, le plast-mix (P. M. ) pour disperser finement des chaînes de polymères en vue d'une compatibilisation. Pour valider ce principe de fonctionnement, nous avons réalisé une étude comparative sur le comportement avec ou sans traitement d'un mélange PEhd/PP. Les analyses comparatives des essais de traction, des essais d'analyse thermique différentielle ATD. De raisonnance magnétique nucléaire du solide, RMN, et des clichés pris au microscope électronique à balayage, MEB, du mélange à différente composition ont été très instructives. Sur le plan de la qualité de mélange, le P. M. Apporte une dispersion fine des composants. En revanche, des différences significatives en limite de rupture, nous montrent que le traitement a apporté une amélioration des propriétés du mélange. Cette amélioration est attribuée à la dispersion fine des composants. Cette étude encourageante par ses résultats valide l'idée qu'un cisaillement intense améliore la qualité des mélanges de polymères.
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Naczaj, Dimitri. "Aspects graphiques de la persuasion technologique : étude des messages persuasifs sur internet pour le recyclage des déchets électroniques". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0619/document.
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Cette thèse comprend trois expériences et deux prétests (N = 1135) dans lesquelles sont étudiés trois aspects fondamentaux du design statique des messages sur internet : son format (infographie, audio ou texte), sa couleur et sa typographie, sur la thématique du recyclage des déchets électroniques (études 1 et 2) puis à propos de la migration humaine (étude 3).L’étude des aspects graphiques est pertinente si l’on veut augmenter la force persuasive d’un message. Le format joue un rôle prépondérant (étude 1a), permettant à la fois de changer les attitudes, mais aussi d’ancrer ce changement dans le temps. Les couleurs, par contre, ne semblent pas faire varier la force persuasive du message ou amener les lecteurs à agir en faveur du recyclage (étude 1b). La typographie ne semble pas non plus jouer de rôle dans la dynamique persuasive, qu’elle soit jugée lisible ou peu lisible (étude 2). Des pistes théoriques concernant la personnalité des typographies et leur cohérence avec le contexte sont développées.L’analyse des composantes de l’ELM a révélé, dans chaque étude, le fort lien entre l’attitude des individus et leur sentiment de responsabilité personnelle envers la thématique abordée ainsi que leurs connaissances a priori. Nous avons également vu que les leviers de persuasion ne sont pas systématiquement les mêmes selon le besoin de cognition.Globalement, nous suggérons que les messages persuasifs doivent adopter un format permettant une analyse centrale à faible coût cognitif, utilisant une couleur principale et une typographie toutes deux lisibles et cohérentes avec la thématique développée, avec un argumentaire qui renforce le sentiment de responsabilité des lecteursThis thesis includes three experiments and two pre-tests (N = 1135) in which three fundamental aspects of static message design on the Internet are studied: its format (infographics, audio or text), its colour and typography, on the theme of electronic waste recycling (studies 1 and 2) and then on human migration (study 3).The study of graphic aspects is relevant if we want to increase the persuasive power of a message. The format plays a major role (study 1a), making it possible to change attitudes and to anchor this change over time. Colours, on the other hand, do not seem to vary the persuasive force of the message or to lead readers to act in favour of recycling (study 1b). Nor does typography seem to play a role in the persuasive dynamic, whether it is considered legible or difficult to read (study 2). Theoretical approaches regarding the personality of typographies and their coherence with the context are developed.The analysis of the components of the ELM revealed, in each study, the strong link between the attitude of individuals and their sense of personal responsibility towards the theme addressed as well as their a priori knowledge. We have also seen that the levers of persuasion are not systematically the same according to the need for cognition.We suggest that persuasive messages should adopt a format that allows for central analysis at low cognitive cost, using a main colour and typography that are both readable and consistent with the theme developed, with arguments that reinforce readers' sense of responsibility
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Haddad, Raymond. "La problématique de la gestion des déchets dans le droit communautaire de l'environnement". Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0301.
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La masse des déchets, restée négligeable pendant les premiers millénaires de l’aventure humaine, a dangereusement augmenté avec la révolution industrielle et l’avènement de la société de consommation. Les déchets peuvent désormais détruire les lois de la nature. Ils engendrent des dégradations graves et irréversibles de l’environnement et des risques technologiques majeurs.Face à cette réalité, le droit communautaire des déchets et la jurisprudence de la Cour de Justice avaient mis en oeuvre trois systèmes immunitaires. Ils peuvent être désignés sous les termes d’immunité métaphysique, représentant un système de valeurs, d’immunité légale, correspondant à la coercition, à la solidarité, à l’information et à la participation, et d’immunité biologique, assurant le maintien de la corporalité.Cette avancée environnementale a été partiellement compromise par la marchandisation des déchets. En effet, le trait dominant de la marchandise est l’abstractivité, laquelle s’étend à tout ce qui entoure la forme–marchandise. Ainsi, la valeur marchande abstraite n’est capable que de différenciation quantitative contrairement à l’approche qualitative des défenseurs de l’environnement. Cette abstraction a permis de dépasser la pensée métaphysique et juridique qui dédaigne les résidus, mais a imposé un processus spatio-temporel qui détermine des formes de pensée nuisibles pour l’équilibre du milieu naturelThe mass of waste that remained negligible during the early millennia of human experience, dangerously increased with the industrial revolution and the advent of the consumer society. Wastes can henceforth destroy the laws of nature. They cause serious and irreversible degradation of the environment and major technological risks.Given this reality, the community law of the waste and the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice had implemented three immune systems. They can be designated by the terms of metaphysics immunity, representing a system of values, legal immunity, corresponding to coercion, solidarity, information and participation, and biological immunity ensuring the maintenance of corporeality.This environmental advance has been partially undermined by the merchandising of waste. Indeed, the dominant feature of the merchandise is the abstraction, which extends to everything surrounding the merchandise form. Thus, the abstract merchandise value is only capable of quantitative differentiation as opposed to the qualitative of the environmental advocates. This abstraction allowed exceeding legal and metaphysical thought that disdains the residues, but it imposed a spatiotemporal process that determines the forms of thought harmful to the balance of the natural environment
Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Recyclage interne"
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Ahlers, Reinhard. "The Life Cycle Performance Assessment (LCPA) Methodology". In New Business Models for the Reuse of Secondary Resources from WEEEs, 81–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74886-9_7.
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AbstractThe FENIX project has started to develop future business models for the efficient recovery of secondary resources. It would not be enough just to improve business models based on traditional linear approaches. Rather, new approaches must be developed with a particular focus on environmental and climate changes. Electronic scrap is no longer scrap, but must be seen as valuable material. Using the mobile phone as an example, FENIX has developed technologies to get recyclable materials out of scrapped mobile phones and to process them into new materials and final products. The developed technological approaches are not limited to mobile phones, but can be used for all types of electronic waste. FENIX has only focused on the logistic chain from the dismantling of the cell phones to the manufacturing of new materials and products (recycling chain). This, of course, involves a lot of effort in dismantling the e-waste, as the recycling process was not yet considered when developing the products currently on the market. Such eco-design approaches would certainly reduce the disassembly effort in the future. FENIX business models should not only be based on economic success but also consider ecological effects at the same time. Therefore, an accompanying Life Cycle Performance Assessment (LCPA) has been carried out to prove the advantages of the developed business models. From the interim assessment, recommendations for further technical development directions were repeatedly given to achieve the best possible economic and ecological solutions.
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Caglayan, Nadide, e Sule Itir Satoglu. "A Smart Recyclable Waste Collection System Based on IoT and an Application". In Optimizing Big Data Management and Industrial Systems With Intelligent Techniques, 148–69. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5137-9.ch007.
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Waste management is the method developed to eliminate the negative effects of waste to the environment and human health. The study focuses on the subject vehicle routing. The purpose of this study is to minimize the distance of route for the vehicles which pick up recyclable items collected in containers. For this purpose, a decision support system is proposed based on the internet of things. This is to ensure that the vehicles are routed to filled containers only thanks to the data obtained from sensors. In the chapter, a municipality's recyclable waste container location information was collected and resolved. As a result of the study, the route costs developed by IoT application and the costs incurred in conventional locating results were compared. Finally, the issues that can be improved in relation to the problem have been evaluated.
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Singh, Bhupinder, Christian Kaunert e Pankaj Kumar Tyagi. "Sustainable Waste Segregation, Sorting and Collection Protocols in Rural Touristic Areas". In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 309–28. IGI Global, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8527-2.ch018.
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The waste management in rural touristic area is essential both for the environmental sustainability and quality of experience. Advanced waste segregation, sorting and collection protocols helps in cutting pollution, saving resources and better public health. Industrial Internet of Things technologies offer a fresh perspective to transform waste management systems making them efficient and sustainable. Waste segregation means separating waste at the source into different categories in rural touristic areas such as organic, recyclable and non-recyclable. Sorting facilities deal with these categories and have literally based their operations on technologies including automated sorting machines, enhanced speed sensors for accuracy. This chapter focuses on deploying IIoT-based waste segregation & sorting followed by smart disposal in the rural touristic destinations can help elevate sustainability to another level. Implementation of these technologies in the way that Singapore has done is worthy blueprint, charting a course for increased efficiency and protection of our environment.
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Jaiswal, Swatantra Kumar, Suraj Kumar Mukti e Kali Charan Rath. "E-Waste Control and Its Recycling to Build Sustainable Society in the Global Context". In Handbook of Research on Applications of AI, Digital Twin, and Internet of Things for Sustainable Development, 200–222. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6821-0.ch012.
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Electrical and electronic equipment that has reached the end of its useful life produces e-waste for the society. It generates various problems for society sustainability. The time has come to take the remedial action for its preventive or recycle it for various usages. This chapter incorporates a correlation research of e-waste from distinct international locations and sufficiently illuminates the variables adding to the development of e-squander and its management structures. Accordingly, it gives reality to lower e-object usage at the customer facet and manipulates the estimate at the maker facet. Furthermore, it would be treasured by the leaders who are related to drafting India's future e-squander approach.
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Pelham, I. "ERD2". In Secretory Pathway, 135. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198599425.003.0085.
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Abstract erd2 mutants were isolated in a screen for cells that secrete proteins bearing the HDEL signal. The mutant cells show no recognition of HDEL, have no detectable defects in other protein sorting pathways and have wild-type growth rates under all conditions tested. However, the ERD2 gene is essential for growth. Depletion of Erd2p in cells leads to an accumulation of internal membranes and to a defect in the transport of proteins through the Golgi apparatus2 This may be due to a requirement for Erd2p in a forward transport step through the Golgi, or an indirect effect of the failure to recycle material from the Golgi back to the ER.
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Ahuja, Sanjay P., e Karthika Muthiah. "Survey of State-of-Art in Green Cloud Computing". In Green Business, 1360–69. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7915-1.ch066.
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Cloud computing is witnessing tremendous growth at one time when climate change and reducing emissions from energy use is gaining attention. With the growth of the cloud, however, comes an increase in demand for energy. There is growing global awareness about reducing greenhouse gas emissions and healthy environments. Green computing in general aims to reduce the consumption of energy and carbon emission and also to recycle and reuse the energy usage in a beneficial and efficient way. Energy consumption is a bottleneck in internet computing technology. Green cloud computing related technology arose as an improvement to cloud computing. Cloud data centers consume inordinate amounts of energy and have significant CO2 emissions as they have a huge network of servers. Furthermore, these data centers are tightly linked to provide high performance services, outsourcing and sharing resources to multiple users through the internet. This paper gives an overview about green cloud computing and its evolution, surveys related work, discusses associated integrated green cloud architecture – Green Cloud Framework, innovations, and technologies, and highlights future work and challenges that need to be addressed to sustain an eco-friendly cloud computing environment that is poised for significant growth.
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Teijido, R. "Biopolymers and their Application-Oriented Composites into a Circular Economy Context". In Materials Research Foundations, 105–41. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902639-4.
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Society is increasingly concerned about environmental problems derived from the inappropriate use of polymeric materials and their inefficient recycle. Furthermore, considering that petroleum is not an endless raw material, the search for new sustainable materials has been gaining great interest in recent years. These materials should not only be sustainable but also fulfil the requirements requested by the industry. In this context, biopolymers stand out for their natural origin and their potential to substitute some of the synthetic polymers. On the other hand, the design of new composites capable of adapting and responding to the increasingly sophisticated applications presented by this new era of additive manufacturing or the internet of things is crucial. Moreover, the new business horizons related to the implementation of industry 4.0 require the development of complex sustainable materials for their development but considering a Circular Economy and sustainability perspectives.
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Bharathi, Depuru, Anchapakula Suvarna Latha, Kolaru Subramanyam Shanthi Sree, Pydipati Lakshmi Padmavathi e Bireddy Hema Vathi. "Role of Information Technology in Environmental Communication". In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 150–59. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7685-4.ch011.
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Environmental communication emerged in the United States in the 1980s and reached multiple milestones in the area of environmental protection and management. Information and communication technological advancement took a quantum leap in supporting environment-related problems through internet. Involvement of ICT in protecting the environment led to the development of ‘green websites', which are associated with policies to improve, conserve, recycle, and check the carbon emissions and for the development of eco-friendly products. Environmental nature communication is the exchange of information observed during interaction of plants with ecosystems. It was discovered that organs of the plants communicate when in danger to protect themselves from predators. Application of communication devices likes drones, collars, Wifi, usage of software servers for data collection, monitoring will be a way forward to conserve bioresources. Therefore, environmental communication will analyse data for scientific studies in protecting our earth. The chapter provides an overview of environmental communication.
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Zhang, Bing, e Mani Ramaswami. "Synaptic vesicle endocytosis and recycling". In Neurotransmitter Release, 389–432. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199637676.003.0011.
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Abstract ‘The yang having reached its climax retreats in favor of the yin; the yin having reached its climax retreats in favor of the yang.’ -Wang Chu’ung (AD 80) on Tai Chi Tu Exocytosis and endocytosis, the yin and yang elements of the vesicle cycle, must be well balanced to ensure continuous synaptic transmission. At nerve terminals, the number of synaptic vesicles is insufficient to account for the number of quanta released during a short burst of intense nerve activity. Axonal transport of newly synthesized vesicle proteins occurs too slowly to refill the vesicle pool at the required rates. Under these circumstances, the only way to rapidly replenish synaptic vesicles is to recycle them locally through endocytosis. Thus, a major challenge is to understand how synaptic vesicles are faithfully and efficiently recovered.
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Cieślukowski, Maciej. "Wpłaty od plastikowych odpadów opakowaniowych niepodlegających recyklingowi – nowe źródło dochodów budżetowych Unii Europejskiej". In Podatki w ujęciu retrospektywnym i perspektywicznym, 210–25. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-116-3/11.
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Payments from non-recyclable plastic packaging waste – a new source of budgetary revenue of the European Union. Purpose: To present the construction of a new source of EU budget revenues (contributions from non-recyclable plastic packaging waste) and its assessment against the EU’s own resources system from the point of view of the set criteria. Design/methodology/approach: The study is of a literature and empirical character. The research consists of four stages. The first stage presents the evolution of the EU’s own resources in the period 1951–2020. Domestic literature and EU source documents in Polish and English were used. In the second stage, the construction of a new source of revenue was presented. The legal regulations of the EU were used. The third stage is the presentation of the proposed burden-sharing for the new resource between Member States in 2022. For this purpose, internal regulations and EU statistical data was used. In the final stage of the research, the new source of revenue was assessed against other own resources according to the criteria set (simple structure, transparency, fiscal stability and efficiency, link with the EU policy, low collection costs, fair burden sharing, financial autonomy). EU source material was used for this. The study mainly uses the method of descriptive analysis, and for the assessment of own resources—also the method of qualitative multi-criteria analysis. Findings: The analysis shows that the new source of revenue is primarily characterized by a simple structure, low collection costs, is also closely related to the EU environmental policy, and ensures a relatively fair burden-sharing between the Member States. On the other hand, the weaknesses of the new source are poor transparency and poor fiscal efficiency. As a result, it provides the Union with little financial independence. The new source of revenue generally improves the quality of the entire system of UE own resources.
Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Recyclage interne"
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Giotsas, Vasileios, Thomas Koch, Elverton Fazzion, Ítalo Cunha, Matt Calder, Harsha V. Madhyastha e Ethan Katz-Bassett. "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle". In IMC '20: ACM Internet Measurement Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3419394.3423654.
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Tao, Chen, e Li Xiang. "Municipal Solid Waste Recycle Management Information Platform Based on Internet of Things Technology". In 2010 International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mines.2010.155.
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Kacani, Jolta, e Sajmira Kopani. "Internal Audit as a Quality Assurance Instrument: A Case Study from Garment Manufacturing Enterprises in the Western Balkan Region". In 9th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2023.155.
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The European Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles (2022) aims to ensure that by 2030 garments have a longer life, are made as much as possible from recyclable material, and are free of harmful substances. For garment producers, this means compliance with mandatory requirements along the value chain focusing on the entire lifecycle of garments, while supporting the green and digital transitions within the industry ecosystem. Compliance with the new environmentally friendly standards required for garment exports in the European markets demands an improved control environment and consolidated internal audit procedures within manufacturing enterprises. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the current internal audit procedures in garment manufacturing enterprises located in the Western Balkan region and exporting to end customers in the European market and other international markets. In doing so this paper analyses a sample of thirty enterprises according to 5Cs elements of internal audit. The 5Cs in the internal audit include the criteria, conditions, causes, consequences, and corrective actions within the sample of the enterprises. Based on 5Cs elements new improvements in the standard operating internal audit procedures in garment manufacturing enterprises are proposed in line with new European strategies.
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Hayil, Mohammed Abduljabbar Hayil, e Abdullahi Abdu Ibrahim. "Implementing an Internet of Things (IoT) system to sort recyclable materials based on color and track the quantity of each color-coded piece". In 2023 7th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Smart Technologies (ISAS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isas60782.2023.10391744.
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Szigeti, Cecilia, Sándor Remsei e Katalin Bándy. "What are the Young People's Perceptions of the Circular Economy?" In 7th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor, University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.3.2023.50.
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The circular economy is often seen as a technical issue and focuses on the better organization of work processes. A more accurate and holistic approach to the cycle can help create a better and more inclusive future for all. The circular economy has been linked to several SDGs in previous research, of which our research focuses on SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production). Young people play a key role in achieving a circular future (as an organizing principle of the socio-economic system). In our research, we asked 1,442 university students (most born around 2000) about their awareness, understanding, and participation in the social cycle using a standardized questionnaire. Our research shows that those who consider themselves environmentally conscious are more likely to recycle and collect separately, but it is not clear that they are involved in extending the life of objects (exchange, second market, etc.). Our research found that students don’t use, but are typically unaware of, internet applications that promote circular living.
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McKee, Robert J. "An Internal Flow Measurement That Senses a Pre-Cursor to Surge in Centrifugal Compressors". In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90601.
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Centrifugal compressors are critical for moving large volumes of gas in the natural gas pipeline, hydrocarbon processing, and general energy industries. The operation of centrifugal compressors is limited by a number of factors including the occurrence of surge at low flows. The exact low flow conditions at which surge occurs cannot be determined from external measurements. The precise flow and head at which surge occurs is effected by factors including the installed piping configuration, the dynamic impedance of the piping system, the pulsating pressures in the piping, and the gas properties such as compressibility among other variables. The results of the many factors affected when surge occurs and the sudden nature of surge onset are such that there are no previously identified reliable ways to detect an approaching surge. Current surge control methods rely on external measurements of head or speed and flow to estimate the conditions at which surge will occur and then recycle flow at some margin above the expected surge conditions in order to avoid surge. However, this type of surge control is inefficient and frequently leads to recycling more flow than necessary with the result that fuel and energy are wasted. If a means were available to measure a fundamental pre-cursor to surge then a reliable indication of the operating margin above surge could be developed and the amount of recycle flow and the loss of efficiency could be minimized. Such a pre-cursor has been found and a sensor technique base on drag probe technology has been developed. This paper presents some of the background on pre-surge detection in centrifugal compressors and then describes the known behavior of the impeller inlet outer wall re-circulating flow that develops as surge approaches. In addition, this paper reports on the development of a drag probe sensor to measure these internal flow components. Evidence from direct surge control testing is presented to support the finding that these internal flows are a basic surge pre-cursor and a useful control for centrifugal compressors. The measured flow changes prior to surge are identified and data is shown. The result of this research will lead to an improved surge control system for a significant class of signal stage modern centrifugal compressors and will increase the operating range and overall efficiency of such machines.
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Eastlick, Dane D., Misha V. Sahakian e Karl R. Haapala. "Sustainable Manufacturing Analysis for Titanium Components". In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48854.
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Product designers are seeking effective ways to meet customer requirements, government policies, and internal business drivers for sustainability. Sustainable products encompass attributes including recyclable and renewable materials use, low energy consumption, cost competitiveness, and consideration of safety and health concerns. Beyond product attributes, however, sustainable products are cognizant of a broader life cycle perspective, which necessitates consideration of manufacturing and supply chain issues during design. Current life cycle assessment tools are often deficient in assisting design for manufacturing efforts due to coarseness of available process data or even a lack of representative process models. In addition, such tools consider only the environmental impacts and do not account for broader sustainability measures. Research with a titanium component manufacturer is addressing these deficiencies. A unit process modeling-based method is described to assist in strategic decision making to balance cradle-to-gate economic, environmental, and social attributes. A set of metrics is defined and used as a basis for comparison of design alternatives. The method is demonstrated for analysis of titanium component alternatives resulting from design for manufacturing activities. It is shown that this method can assist engineers in developing more sustainable products.
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Jin, Hongguang, e Lin Gao. "Polygeneration System for Power and Liquid Fuel With Sequential Connection and Partial Conversion Scheme". In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59927.
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As one important direction of clean coal technology with promising prospect, polygeneration system has an attractive performance both in coal liquefaction (or chemical production) and power generation. On the basis of the integration principle of chemical energy cascade utilization, a novel polygeneration system for power and liquid fuel (methanol) production, which innovatively integrates the fresh gas production subsystem without water-gas shift unit and the methanol synthesis subsystem adopting partial-recycle scheme, has been proposed in this paper. Taking another polygeneration system adopting the water-gas shift unit and Once Through Methanol (OTM) scheme as the reference, the new system has been investigated and assessed. The primary energy saving of new system is as high as 15%, which is significantly superior to 5∼8% in the reference system. With special attention on the interactions between the chemical production process and the thermal cycle, the integration features of the new system and the internal reason for its superior performance have been revealed, and the role of chemical energy utilization in system integration has been identified.
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Koyama, Miki, e Toshio Mimaki. "Development of the Advanced Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine System". In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0563.
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This aims to put the fruits of the R&D; “The Hydrogen Combustion Turbine” in WE-NET Phase I Program(1993-1998) to practical use at an early stage. The topping regenerating cycle was selected as the optimum cycle, with energy efficiency expected to be more than 60%(HHV) under the conditions of the turbine inlet temperature of 1973K(1700°C) and the pressure of 4.8MPa,in it. • As the turbine inlet temperature and pressure increase, issues to be resolved include the amount of NOx emissions and the durability of super alloys for turbine blades under such thermal conditions. In this respect, the development of the highly efficient methane-oxygen combustion technology, the turbine blade cooling technology, and the ultrahigh-temperature materials including thermal barrier coatings is being carried out. • In 1999, the results made it clear that there are little error among the three analytic programs used to verify the system efficiency, it was verified that the burning rate was going to arrive at over 98% from the methane-oxygen combustion test (under the atmospheric pressure). And the type of vane “Film cooling plus recycle type with internal cooling system” was selected as the most suitable vane.
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John, Suja Rose, e Conrad S. Tucker. "Quantifying the Price and Demand of Subassemblies in the End of Life Strategy of Product Resynthesis". In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34757.
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In the United States alone, millions of tons of waste are generated every year, highlighting the urgency for innovative solutions for waste management. Traditional strategies of reducing the amount of End-of-Life (EOL) products include reuse, recycle, remanufacture and disposal. Recently, resynthesis has been proposed in the design community as an alternate approach that aims to combine assemblies/subassemblies of EOL products from multiple domains to create a ‘new’ product, distinct from its parent products. The original work on resynthesis assumes that there is an equal demand for ‘resynthesized products’ based on the available supply of EOL components that the resynthesized products are composed of. Furthermore, the price was assumed to be equal to the price of similar products on the market. However, such an assumption may underestimate or overestimate the value of resynthesized products, which in turn impacts the demand of these products. Recent research has shown that customer reviews express customers’ true opinion and value for specific products or product features. The authors of this paper propose a data mining methodology to quantify the price and demand for resynthesized products by mining user-generated reviews of products publicly available on the internet. A case study involving a resynthesized electronic mouse and white board eraser is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology.