Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Public Participation Committee"
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1
Tam, Kin-keung Carman, e 譚建強. "Tenant participation in public housing: the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968132.
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Tam, Kin-keung Carman. "Tenant participation in public housing : the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18812181.
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3
Poon, Yin-yee. "Tenant participation in public housing management : a socio political analysis /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21027754.
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4
de, Vries Stephen. "Enhancing participatory democracy: in municipal affairs through the ward committee system: A participatory monitoring and evaluation approach". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6522.
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Magister Administrationis - MAdminLocal government is a key point of service delivery and is the sphere where most people interface with government. A good relationship with communities at local government level is therefore critical. Ward committees were designed to improve the relationship between citizens and municipalities and to give effect to the constitutional obligations of municipalities, to provide democratic government and to involve citizens in the affairs of local government. The establishment of ward committees has been met with great enthusiasm by local communities, as a platform to engage with municipalities. National government and provincial governments were key drivers in this project , with support to municipalities in the establishment of ward committee. This endeavour was intended to facilitate better relationships and cooperation between council and its communities. This objective of this research study was to explore whether participatory democracy can be enhanced through a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach within the current ward committee system. The main research question was whether ward committees could be utilised as effective instruments for participatory monitoring and evaluation of municipal service? The sub-questions were: what is the theoretical and legal framework for ward committees; what was the status of ward committee in Knysna Municipality; what were the challenges of the ward committee system; is there a role for ward committees in participatory monitoring and evaluation; and were there recommendations for the involvement of ward committees in participatory, monitoring and evaluation and improvement of the efficacy of ward committees? The study arose out of continuous service delivery protests by communities because of the dissatisfaction with the state of municipal services. Secondly, various research studies have found that, despite national, provincial and local government support programmes for ward committees, the majority remain ineffective and inefficient, and the social distance between communities and municipalities is growing. The lack of communication and the non-responsiveness of municipalities were found to be some of the main causes for the ineffectiveness of ward committees. Key theorists suggest that some of these protests would not occur if effective monitoring and evaluation are institutionalised and communities are involved in monitoring and evaluation. A participatory approach for monitoring and evaluation was therefore examined within the local government legislative framework of South Africa. A qualitative research method was chosen, using a case study design. The case study design was chosen because such studies do not attempt to make any generalisations in term of the results or that it will be similar in another case study. This study was focussed on exploring and understanding the issue. Primary data was collected through interviews and focus groups with ward committee members, ward councillors and municipal officials. Key findings gave emphasis to challenges of lack of communication, non-responsiveness of municipalities and contestation from other community-based organisations that had a negative impact on the credibility and authority of ward committees. The effectiveness of the municipal performance management system as a monitoring and evaluation tool was also questioned in the findings. The significance or value of the study lies in the finding that willingness for participatory monitoring and evaluation exists as does the insight into the status of municipal performance management systems. Recommendations are made for delegating monitoring and evaluation functions to ward committees. Further investigations into modalities for participatory or result-based monitoring and evaluation, as well as the impact of financial and audit driven performance management system are recommended.
5
Lau, Po-ngan, e 劉寶顔. "Evolution of residents' participation in public housing in Hong Kong: from Estate Management Advisory Committee(EMAC) to Estate Management Owners Committee (EMOC)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968636.
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6
Qwina, Simon Buta. "Enhancing public participation on the ward committee system: the case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019734.
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This study investigated the role of ward committees in enhancing service delivery through public participation with reference to the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. This study provided a motivation for the study to be undertaken, problem statement, objectives of the study, hypothesis, research design and methodology, ethical considerations, delimitation of the study and the overview of chapters. The Constitution of the Republic of South African of 1996 provides for the creation of three spheres of government, namely, the national sphere, the provincial sphere and the local government sphere. These spheres are interdependent from each other. Local government is one of the spheres of government created to bring government closer to the people, as well as giving communities a sense of involvement in the political and governance processes that control their daily lives. The need for effective democratic local government as a vehicle for development and national integration is imperative (Reddy, 1996:3). Municipalities are established in terms of section 12 of the Municipal Structures Act 117 of 1998, wherein Members of Executive Councils (MEC‟s) may establish a municipal area which the Demarcation Board demarcates in the province in terms of the Municipal Demarcation Act 27 of 1998.
7
張雪兒 e Suet-yee Vivian Cheung. "Tenant participation in public housing management: the change from Estate Management Advisory Committee toOwners Corporation". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576398.
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8
Lau, Po-ngan. "Evolution of residents' participation in public housing in Hong Kong : from Estate Management Advisory Committee (EMAC) to Estate Management Owners Committee (EMOC) /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22360426.
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9
Cheung, Suet-yee Vivian. "Tenant participation in public housing management : the change from Estate Management Advisory Committee to Owners Corporation /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576398.
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10
Wong, Chi-hung, e 黃志紅. "Tenants' participation in public rental housing: a study of the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme in SunTin Wai Estate". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008735.
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11
Leung, Wai-keung Savio. "Participation in property management : a study of the Estate Management Advisory Committee and Owners' Corporation /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24533695.
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12
Wong, Chi-hung. "Tenants' participation in public rental housing : a study of the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme in Sun Tin Wai Estate /". View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3581973X.
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13
Lau, Kar-ming Cherry. "Tenant participation in Hong Kong public rental housing management a study of estate management advisory committee in Oi Man Estate /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31969380.
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14
Leung, Wai-keung Savio, e 梁偉強. "Participation in property management: a studyof the Estate Management Advisory Committee and Owners' Corporation". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968922.
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15
葉德權 e Tak-kuen Eric Yip. "A study of the development of tenant involvement strategies in Hong Kong: future development of estate managementof Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969045.
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16
Mkhwanazi, John Sipho. "Ward committee functionaries as participants for improving service delivery at Mafube Local Municipality / John Sipho Mkhwanazi". Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10640.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The concept public participation as the bedrock of participatory democracy has the advantages of empowering civil society in decision-making skills and in legitimizing execution of programmes and projects. The vehicle driving public participation is the system of Ward Committees. legislations such as White Paper on Local Government and the Constitution obligate municipalities to involve communities in facilitating development. Participation is an essential part of local democracy and is a statutory prerequisite for the local community to be drawn into decision-making through processes such as the integrated development planning. The task of Mafube Local Municipality is not only to provide services that encourage sustainable living standards but, to also guarantee that the Mafube community is involved in council strategies and activities that affect the lives of local community. The study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of ward committees in becoming partners in the developmental role of Mafube Local Municipality. For the purpose of the study, hypothesis was formulated that ward committees are necessary mechanisms for facilitating service delivery and yet social and administrative challenges confront their efficient functioning at Mafube Local Municipality which needs to be resolved. To test the hypothesis, empirical research method of open ended questionnaires and interviews was used to test attitudes and perceptions of councillors, ward committees and the community of Mafube Local Municipality on the effectiveness of ward committees. Amongst other findings, it was found that: * Ward committees as community structures are well known by the community of Mafube. * Ward committees need an on-going training with regard to their roles and responsibilities so that they are empowered to execute their duties as is required of them. * The literacy level among certain ward committee members poses a challenge in enabling them to understand municipal programmes or projects. * Public participation is viewed as consultation because there is minimal participation of the community during the planning and decision making of the municipal programmes or projects. * Majority of community members do not attend ward or public meetings. * Elections of ward committees are sometimes not fair and transparent, depending on political affiliation. The study concludes with recommendations for consideration and implementation by Council of Mafube Local Municipality in enhancing service delivery.M Development and Management (Public Management and Governance), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014
17
Magnusson, Erika. "The Importance of Participation Across Transnational Spheres for Democratic Development : A content analysis of the emergence of a European public sphere within the European Economic and Social Committee". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43880.
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The last 15 years has exemplified severe deficiencies in the institutional design of the European Union (EU). The EU suffers from a democratic deficit, which is demonstrated in the neglect if citizens preferences and their influence on decision making processes. This democratic deficit impacts not only the authority and legitimacy of the union but raises concerns between the EU and the world. The democratic deficit remains because of the lack of a European public sphere (EPS), an element which Habermas argues is necessary for democracy development. While previous research has found evidence for its existence in social networks and masss-media, this study broadens the field and investigates the potential existence if an EPS in a physical political network, namely the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC). By conducting a quantitative content analysis, the study reveals clear indications of an EPS within the committee in which it is highly engaged in. Their engagement in the sphere is crucial to increase influence and power, as their engagement can decrease the democratic deficit, increase the legitimacy of the EU, and favour smooth cooperation between the member states, and between the EU and the world.
18
Simataa, Faith Auguste. "From water resources management to integrated water resources management : an analysis of the establishment of new water management organisations in Namibia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9897_1308566898.
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The questions posed in this study address the different processes that were involved in the decision-making and establishment of the water management organisations, the extent of public participation, as well as features of evident governance in implementing the policies. A critical analysis of the role of stakeholders and the various influences they may have in water management will also be examined. The methodology follows a historical study approach. A thorough document review will be done of the policies and related materials around BMCs, where events will be constructed from the findings. Interviews will be conducted for verification purposes, to verify the desktop findings and to assimilate any conflicts of opinion that might have not been documented.
19
Frank, Adam Harrison. "Inclusive Deliberation (ID): A Case Study Of How Teachers Experience The Decision-Making Process For Change Initiatives Within A School Committee". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1573900707645968.
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20
Uddin, Mohammed Kamal, e n/a. "Public participation in planning: a case study of Canberra A.C.T". University of Canberra. Design & Architecture, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050726.095212.
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Traditional models of public participation in planning have been criticized as 'top-down'
segregating planners from ordinary citizens; thus, there has been a quest for greater public
involvement in planning decisions and policy-making. The public demands a greater
voice in planning and development affairs. To provide public input into the planning
process, planning agencies often establish Citizen Advisory Committees (CAC) to
involve the public in planning decisions. The increasing redevelopment pressure in inner
city suburbs in most Australian cities has led to the creation of many advisory groups for
advising planning agencies and Ministers for Planning on planning and development
matters. These advisory committees usually consist of people of diverse backgrounds
elected, selected and/or appointed by the planning agency to provide community input
into planning policy making.
However, little is known about the context and operational process in the consultation
processes of advisory committees. Much of the existing literature on public participation
lacks widely applicable evaluation approaches for determining whether the existing
context and process is fair and effective in the participation process. As complex social
phenomena, public participation processes are influenced by contextual factors. This
thesis examines the Terms of Reference and the operational process of planning advisory
committees, and evaluates them through two proposed meta-criteria: fairness and
effectiveness. LAPACs in Canberra have been selected for the evaluation of the
participation process, providing a basis to develop a conceptual model for its
improvement. The analysis is based on a theoretical framework, which focuses on the
criteria of fairness and effectiveness in the public participation process.
This study uses a qualitative approach to data analysis using multi-method techniques
such as focus interviews, document analysis and participant observation. The interviews
were conducted with LAPAC members and other planning community who were directly
or indirectly involved in the ACT's consultation process, and aware of its planning
decisions. They are development proponents, the enthusiastic wider public, planning staff,
the Minister for Planning, and planning spokespersons of political parties.
The data provide insight into the details of the proposed criteria to evaluate the fairness
and effectiveness of a participation process. The results suggest that improving the
participation process in a planning advisory committee requires changes in committee
protocols, operational processes and planner roles in conducting the participation
processes. Specifically, there needs to be a move away from static processes toward more
strategic, active and accountable processes. This thesis suggests some practical steps, in
order to ensure greater fairness and effectiveness in the participation process of a
planning advisory committee, and recommends the proposed evaluative criteria as a new
framework for evaluating planning advisory committees.
21
Glattstein-Young, Gabriela S. "Community health committees as a vehicle for participation in advancing the right to health". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10542.
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Includes bibliographical references.The principles of Primary Health Care guided health system transformation in South Africa where community health committees represent formal structures for participation in health. While there is evidence to suggest that participation can assist the progressive realization of the right to health, this link is not well established in the literature and Southern African studies underscore a serious deficit in the implementation of meaningful community participation. The present study used multiple methods to explore the relationship between participation and the right to health and to draw lessons on best practice for community participation from three health committees in South Africa's Western Cape Province.
22
Austin, Janet Sarah. "Gender, participation and the right to health: health committees in Cape Town, South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25263.
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Community participation is now widely recognized as an integral part of health systems and the right to health. Health Committees are an example of participation, influenced by multiple social factors, yet little research has covered the impact of gendered power relations in health committees themselves. Committees are also deemed to be accountability structures, aiming to bolster the efforts of an overburdened health system and aid in responding to the need for often under-resourced services relating to women's and sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) minorities' health and sexual reproductive health rights. Current literature affirms the social mobilisation of communities via participation structures, with all committee members needing to be empowered in their roles to provide a greater reach and platform for marginalised groups as both committee and community members. A qualitative, exploratory study was undertaken to answer the question: What is the role of gendered power relations in Health Committees in the Western Cape? Multiple methods were used during March to December 2015 that included observation of Health Committee meetings, group discussions and indepth interviews. A Gender-based Analysis using African Feminist Theory was applied, with Connell's 1987 theory of gender and power as well as considerations of community participation as a function of citizenship. Findings showed that the perception of gender equality and gender relations amongst Health Committees remains largely misunderstood and unaddressed. The Draft Western Cape Health Boards and Facilities Bill of 2015 provided an unstable political backdrop during fieldwork. Democratic group processes did not nullify manipulation of gender roles, and a disconnection between leadership positions and influential agents could be seen. This was accompanied by no notable gender bias concerning health need foci and a non-discriminatory outlook towards committee participants or service recipients, however there was no action to engender such claims, such as special training or materials to support sexual and gender minorities. Adequate representation and reinforcing accountability of Health Committees remains a challenge. Gender mainstreaming in inclusive policy needs to be operationalised at facility level, and gendersensitivity training for Health Committees is a viable approach with which to address the continuing poor policy to implementation problem. The Western Cape Health Boards and Facilities Act of 2016 shows some promise towards recognising and broadening committee governance and diversity. Women and SOGI minorities must be supported in leadership roles to strengthen scaling up efforts and enable the Health Committees to function as truly accountable and participatory instruments for public health.
23
Hasson, Marion. "Leveraging community participation through health committees to achieve health rights : the role of power". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20369.
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The concept of health committees has been promoted as an effective mechanism for assisting communities to realize their health rights. These committees tend to be formal structures made up of representatives from local government, health facilities and communities. Much of the attention has focused on identifying strategies and interventions to strengthen health committees as vehicles for achieving the right to health and the focus has been on educating, raising awareness, training and policy advocacy. However, it is important to understand what participation looks like on the ground and to take in to account the day-to-day challenges and obstacles that health committees as a vehicle for community participation; interacting with stakeholders; and getting support from health facility managers and staff. These factors impact on the health committees 'ability to facilitate and support community participation, yet they are driven by power dynamics and human interactions and relationships. Little attention has been paid to these dynamics, which play an important role in meaningful community participation at grassroots. The Power Cube framework was used to explore the multiple dimensions of power that hinder or enable the health committees' ability to support the community to realize their right to health. The Power Cube framework allowed for an investigation of how power dynamics are perceived by a particular group, as well as providing for the comparison of different social, economic and political context. It enabled a comparison with different contexts where there are policies for supporting the community participation in health but implementation has been difficult it in practice.
24
Albarran, Ilyana. "Decentralization and Citizen Participation in Mexico". FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2223.
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During the past few decades, decentralization efforts in México have coincided with efforts to democratize the administrative decision-making process. Adopted in 1988, the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad (National Solidarity Program; PRONASOL) required citizen participation in decisions involving the use of federal resources for regional development and poverty alleviation projects. In 1998, Section 33 of the Ley de Coordinación Fiscal (Fiscal Coordination Law; LCF) placed Social Infrastructure Funds (SIF) directly under the supervision of municipalities and retained the requirement that citizens participate in decisions involving the allocation of funds.
The present study seeks to understand the factors that affect the participation of citizen committees (composed of community members; organized to address a particular cause) in SIF allocation decisions and assess the impact of this form of citizen participation on government performance. To pursue this objective, the study analyzes the implementation of LCF with respect to the role of citizen committees in SIF allocation decisions at two different locations: the township of Santa Maria Tonantzintla, located in the municipality of San Andrés Cholula, in the state of Puebla, and the rural municipality of Tenango Del Aire, located in El Estado de México (the State of México).
The study finds that gender, church participation, and personal economy play major roles in the formation of citizen committees. Although the citizen committees have been instrumental in getting their SIF projects prioritized, they have had little effect on the quality or efficiency with which the projects were carried out. In general, the municipal decision-making process in both municipalities lack mechanisms to guarantee citizen participation and thus to ensure consideration of the broader public interest beyond the interest of organized groups. Because SIF can be used for various economic development projects, such as water, sewage, electrification, emergency clinics, and schools, it was of particular importance to determine whether the participatory mechanism was functioning correctly. Given the nature of the projects carried out by municipalities, flaws in the implementation process, including failures to include the broader public, could hinder not only local economic development, but also the economic growth of the nation.
25
Madumo, Onkgopotse Senatla. "The role of ward committees in facilitating public participation with particular reference to Mamelodi, South Africa". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28524.
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The study examines the role of ward committees in facilitating public participation with particular reference to Mamelodi, South Africa. This study is aimed at establishing whether ward committees serve as effective mechanisms to promote public participation in local government and administration. As a result, the study investigates the composition, functioning and responsibilities of ward committees, and their contributions towards effective and efficient municipal government. Qualitative research methodology is adopted, towards the realisation of the aims and objectives of the study. Accordingly, an interview schedule was utilised as a tool that contains the pre-determined questions prepared in order to acquire insight, knowledge and application of the people who are directly involved and familiar with the ward committee processes. An empirical study was conducted to determine if the research answers the problem statement, and also to measure the failures and success of ward committees in enhancing public participation. The findings proved that ward committees are confronted with a conglomerate of challenges where their functioning tends to be compromised. Consequently, the study made some recommendations after the various arguments relating to the subject matter were presented. This is done, in an attempt to improve the capacity of ward committees and all institutions that play a role in the enhancement of public participation.Dissertation (MAdmin)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA)
unrestricted
26
FISCHER, KATHRYN ROSS. "COMMUNITY AND PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFICACY OF THE LOCAL SCHOOL DECISION-MAKING COMMITTEES AT TWO CINCINNATI PUBLIC SCHOOLS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1028058188.
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27
Smith, Cheryl-Anne. "An assessment of public participation in selected ward committees in the City of Cape Town". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3692.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
This study investigates public participation at local government level in South Africa, namely, the ward committee system. It will look at the extent to which ward committees, as instruments of public participation, can be said to empower citizen involvement in local government decision-making. Therefore the research question is what do the processes of public participation reveal about public empowerment at municipal government level? To realise the objectives of this study, Fung and Wrights Empowered Participatory Governance (EPG) model is applied to five ward committees in diverse-socio-economic areas in the southern suburbs in the city of Cape Town. It should be noted that EPG is a possible model that can be used to enhance participation and facilitate empowerment at municipal government level.
28
Mngxali, Nonkosi. "Public participation at local government level in South Africa : a critical analysis of integrated development planning and ward committees". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3751.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-80).
The introduction of a democratic dispensation in South Africa in April 1994, drew the idea of public participation in public affairs into the spotlight. Section 152 (I) of the Constitution (Act 108 of 1996) provides for public involvement in the sphere of local government by compelling it to "provide democratic and accountable government for local communities; and encourage the involvement of communities and community organisations in the matters of local government." The intention behind the decentralisation refonns was to transfonn local councils into organs with significant responsibility for the socio-economic well-being of all communities. Municipalities are mandated to promote developmental local govel11ment which focuses on development in an integrated and sustainable manner, and address socio-economic inequalities. The objective of this thesis is to establish whether structures at local government level which are set up to enhance public participation in local decision-making, are effective and whether participation is meaningful. Particular attention will be given to prominent platforms for public participation at local government level namely: Integrated Development Planning and Ward Committees in the period post-2000 to date. Subjecting such approaches to rigorous critical analysis is as important as constantly asserting their benefits. For the purposes of this dissertation secondary sources will be used; looking at books, briefing and conference papers, academic debates and literature and past studies done on lDPs and ward committees in practice in different areas in South Africa. Literature assessing the cunent state of public participation in local government will be articulated and analysed. The challenges identified are grouped into three broad themes, namely, political, administrative/capacity, and sociological.
29
Arends, Darrin. "An assessment of the effectiveness of public consultation: the case study of selected ward committees in the Northern Bay Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1535.
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Since 1994, the South African local government has been obligated to consult with its citizenry in respect of the processes of relating to service delivery. The South African Government has developed a wide range of legislation that ensures that communities are consulted on a continuous basis with regard to how services need to be rendered. Communities have a right to be consulted and to give input into issues affecting them. Public consultation as envisaged in the South African legislation has, however, not yielded the desired results which is evident in the spate of service delivery protests over poor or non service delivery. Therefore, this study seeks to analyse the effectiveness and efficiency of pubic consultation in the Northern Areas of the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The researcher used qualitative research methods since it would provide the reader with more insight into how public consultation is implemented in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The communities, senior municipal officials, and councillors have been interviewed in a structured manner and a content analysis has been made of the minutes of the ward committees in the Northern Areas, the annual reports of the Municipality’s Oversight Committee and a range of other reading material. A number of findings has been made during this research project with the most pertinent being the non-compliance to certain sections of legislation by the Municipality. The communities in the Northern Areas generally felt that efficient and effective public consultation would reduce the number of service delivery protests in that part of the Municipality. A number of interventions need to be made by the political leadership with regard to public consultation and more resources need to be committed towards those processes.
30
Simanga, Linda. "An assessment of the role of ward committees in public participation with reference to the Kouga local municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/858.
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The Republic of South Africa became a democratic country in 1994 after the historic democratic elections. This year also marks the year when South Africa’s first democratic parliament was convened. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act (no. 108 of 1996) was enacted in 1996. This Constitution provides for the creation of the three spheres of government, namely, the national level, which deals with matters of national importance, the provincial level, which deals with matters of provincial importance, and the local level which deals with matters of local importance. Section 152(1) (e) of the above-mentioned Constitution stipulates that the object of local government, amongst others, is to ensure the involvement of communities and community organizations in the matters of local governance. Section 73 of the Municipal Structures Act (no.117 of 1998) also requires municipalities to establish ward committees in a manner that seeks to enhance participatory democracy at the local level. Municipalities are established in terms of Section 12 of the Municipal Structures Act (no. 117 of 1998), wherein Members of Executive Councils (MEC’s) may, by notice in the Provincial Gazette, establish a municipality in each municipal area which the Demarcation Board demarcates in the province in terms of the Municipal Demarcation Act (no. 27 of 1998). Sections 7 and 8 of the Municipal Structures Act (no. 117 of 1998) further stipulate the categories of municipalities as A, B and C. Category A is a metropolitan municipality with wards and ward committees. B is a local municipality characterized by the existence of wards and ward committees to enhance public participation. C is a district municipality, whose responsibility is to support local municipalities within its area of jurisdiction so that they are self sufficient and can manage their own affairs. This study focuses on the Kouga Local Municipality, which is a Category B Municipality as promulgated by the then MEC for Housing, Local Government and Traditional Affairs, Honourable MEC S. Kwelita in the Provincial Gazette (Gazette No. 1537) dated 23 May 2006. The scenario above indicates that in the Kouga Local Municipality, ward committees are supposed to play a critical role in public participation. The study seeks to assess their role and to establish whether or not the ward committee system is effective in this regard. It is common knowledge that, whilst various pieces of legislation are clear in terms of what the role of ward committees should be, the question remains whether there is any adherence in municipalities to ensure that they fulfill their role in public participation, and hence the study.
31
Ngqele, Sandile Wiseman. "An investigation of ward committees as a means for structured public participation: the case of the Knysna local municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1143.
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This study investigated the effectiveness of Ward Committees in co-ordinating and facilitating authentic public participation processes at local government levels. This study focused specifically on the Knysna Local Municipality. Before 1994 the majority of South Africans had never had the vote, and therefore, had not had the opportunity of participating in South Africa’s governance and administration (Hilliard and Kemp, 1999:40). In this governance system, local government was the lowest tier of government in a strict hierarchical structure; and it had no constitutional standing of its own, but derived its powers from the two superior tiers of government, namely national and provincial. The local government elections of 5 December 2000 in South Africa provided municipalities with a historic opportunity to transform local government to meet the needs of the country for the next century. The local government transformation process (in tandem with the demarcation process that established the new municipal boundaries) introduced more developmental responsibilities to municipalities. In addition, this further implied that local government became an autonomous sphere of government with its own original powers and a broad developmental mandate. This had profound implications for local governance. An important element of the current local government system is the promotion of local democracy and participation in local governance. Public participation is an integral part of local democracy and is a legislative requirement for the local community to be drawn into the v municipal processes through inter alia: Integrated Development Planning (IDP), budgeting, performance management and Ward Committees. Although the ‘old’ South African local government system did not have an extensive history in ensuring a culture of actively engaging communities in developmental issues, the IDP under a Developmental Local Government (DLG) system now presents a framework through which such a culture can be established. The Ward Committees in particular, play a critical role in linking community needs with municipal planning processes. In South African local government the commitment to public participation is reflected in a host of laws and policy documents (namely the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 2000 (Act 32 of 2000), Local Government: Municipal Structures Act 1998 (Act 117 of 1998), the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa , 1996). These laws and policies are intended to be realised through development initiatives that require formal participatory processes and institutions in local governance. Since 2001 Ward Committees have emerged as a key institutional mechanism intended to contribute towards bringing about people-centred, participatory and democratic local governance. The rationale for Ward Committees is to supplement the roles of the elected Ward Councillors by creating a link between communities and the political and administrative structures of municipalities. These Ward Committees have been established in the majority of wards in municipalities across the country in line with the vi requirements of the Local Government: Municipal Structures Act,1998 (Act 117 of 1998) which stipulates that: Only metropolitan and local municipalities of certain types may have Ward Committees. The main objective of the study was to investigate the overall functioning of Ward Committees within the Knysna Local Municipality and to determine their impact on democratic local governance thus far. The study will carry out an investigation into the effectiveness of Ward Committees: whether they are useful conduits for public participation in local governance; whether they are inherently capable of playing the critical role expected of them; and whether they actually create opportunities for real power-sharing between the Knysna Local Municipality and its communities. The study’s main objective stated above was achieved by breaking it down into realisable objectives, namely: • A brief background of the Knysna Local Municipality, and in particular, an outline of its institutional arrangements and its Ward Committees in general. • An evaluation of the theoretical and legislative framework of public participation and the Ward Committee System in local government. • An analysis of the practical performance of Ward Committees in the Knysna Local Municipality and to provide a research report on the empirical findings. • Recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of Ward Committees at local government levels in general, and in particular, in the Knysna Local Municipality. The hypothetical position of this study was that the maximum utilisation of Ward Committees as a means for public participation processes at local government levels, specifically in the Knysna Local Municipality, could improve communication between local municipalities and the public. Furthermore, this would also contribute towards the speedy delivery of services to communities, as Ward Committees could serve as the Local Municipality’s strategic partners in Council’s projects. Ward Committees should therefore be utilised to enhance a constructive interaction between a municipality and its local community. This position was premised on the fact that authentic and empowering participation can be established at local government levels if Ward Committees act as a foundation for development and Ward Committee Members as development change agents in their respective wards
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Gumbi, Nkhosivile M. "To evaluate the roles and functioning of community health committees within the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020389.
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Community participation is a concept that has been advocated for by bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO) for over two decades. In South Africa, community participation was included in the National Health Act (61 of 2003). Clinic and Community health facility committees were legislated as a method of involving communities in promoting health and improving health outcomes. During the year 2010, a process was initiated by the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM) to establish and train health committees at all health facilities. The purpose of this research report was to evaluate the effectiveness of community health committees within the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality, since 2010. Guidelines given in the Policy on the Establishment and Functioning of Clinic and Community Health Centre Committee (2009) were utilized as a point of reference for this study. The results showed that the community health committees trained in 2010 were functioning effectively as a result of the policy guidelines given. There still needs to be an improvement in the involvement of ward councilors, as stipulated in the National Health Act (61 of 2003), as well as in the implementation of the fundraising role, as set out in the Health Departments policy guidelines for health committees to implement.
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Rafagnin, Thiago Ribeiro. "A PARTICIPAÇÃO DA SOCIEDADE NO PROCESSO LEGISLATIVO FEDERAL: a Comissão de Legislação Participativa da Câmara dos Deputados na recepção de sugestões relacionadas a políticas sociais (2001-2011)". Universidade Catolica de Pelotas, 2012. http://tede.ucpel.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/242.
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-10This study seeks to analyze the Participative Legislation Committee of the House of Representatives, under the bias of the proposition, organized civil society, suggestions related to social policies, between the years 2001 to 2011. Therefore, initially there will be a review of the literature on what has to be democracy, so that one can understand the various existing types, as well as the principles necessary for democracy to take effect. There will be an approach about direct democracy, as well as indirect democracy (representative). After, it will analyze historically the National Constituent Assembly which culminated in the 1988 Federal Constitution, because it wants to be shown that the mechanisms of popular participation inserted in art. 14, I, II and III of the Magna Carta exhibit large compared with the composition of the Parliamentary Assembly. Does lectured also on Brazilian democracy, which is, participatory, as well as on the mechanisms included in Items I, II and III of art. 14 of the Constitution. All precepts to date is necessary so that you can understand the reasons why the Commission Participative Legislation was created. Want you, therefore, with this Master's thesis committee can verify that this indeed reach its true purpose
O presente estudo analisa a Comissão de Legislação Participativa da Câmara dos Deputados, sob o viés da proposição, pela sociedade civil organizada, de sugestões relacionadas a políticas sociais, entre os anos de 2001 a 2011. Para tanto, inicialmente será realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre o que vem a ser democracia, para que se possa compreender os vários tipos existentes, assim como os princípios necessário para que a democracia seja efetivada. Será realizada uma abordagem acerca da democracia direta, assim como da democracia indireta (representativa). Analisa a história da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte que culminou com a Constituição Federal de 1988, pois com isso quer-se mostrar que os mecanismos de participação popular inseridos no art. 14, I, II e III da Magna Carta apresentam larga relação com a composição parlamentar da Assembleia. Enfatiza, também, a democracia brasileira, qual seja, a participativa, assim como a respeito dos mecanismos inseridos nos incisos I, II e III do art. 14 da Constituição. Todo o preceituado até o presente momento se faz necessário para que seja possível compreender os motivos pelos quais a Comissão de Legislação Participativa foi criada. Pretende-te, portanto, com esta dissertação de Mestrado verificar se esta comissão consegue, de fato, atingir o seu verdadeiro fim
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Shugu, Yolisa. "Strategies and approaches that sustain community health committees in Nelson Mandela Bay Health District". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021003.
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Primary health care has been the cornerstone of South Africa's health policies since its transition to democracy in 1994. In order to optimise the effectiveness of primary health care, the South African government introduced community health committees hich were intended to facilitate primary health care at the grassroots level through community participation. As statutory bodies outlined in the National Health Act, 61 of 2003, and in provincial legislation, Community Health Committees were to be the liaison between communities and government and assist government in improving health services in communities. Since being re-established in 2010, Community Health Committees in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa have sought to fulfil this role and have remained sustainable. This research was aimed at investigating the strategies and approaches which sustain Community Health Committees in Nelson Mandela Bay Health District. It focused on eliciting information regarding the factors that sustain Community Health Committees, factors that threaten their sustainability and factors that motivate continued membership in Community Health Committees. Qualitative research methods of key informant interviews, observations and focus groups were used and analysed to identify these factors. The findings indicated that Community Health Committees struggle to remain sustainable because of various threats to their functioning. The major threat identified was the disengagement of the Department of Health in the operations of the Community Health Committees. The Department of Health was not visible; rather it was passive and unresponsive to the reports submitted by Community Health Committees on behalf of their communities and provided no re-imbursement for administration costs. Despite threats to sustainability, these Community Health Committees had commitment, passion and drive to assist with the health improvement of their communities in partnership with health facilities in their communities. Good interpersonal relationships in the Community Health Committees, good professional relationships with the health facility staff and the liaising role played by health facility management are some of the factors that contributed to sustainability. Recommendations were made at the end of the study that may assist the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District and the Department of Health to create a working environment that will be conducive to the sustainability of Community health Committees.
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Tshabalala, Moji Jacquiline Prudence. "Ward committees as mechanism for public participation on local government level : the case of Emfuleni local municipality / by Moji Jacquiline Prudence Tshabalala". Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2498.
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Cloete, Jacob. "Public participation, political representation and accountability: the case of violence prevention through urban upgrading (VPUU) in Harare Khayelitsha, in Cape Town". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3790.
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Magister Commercii - MComThe aim is to deepen the South African democracy at all levels of government. However, as local government is “the closest to the people” it is regarded by government as the most appropriate sphere to implement participatory democracy mechanisms. Pertaining to this, ward committees were introduced as the main participatory vehicle of local governance and in addition, the government has also implemented alternative instruments such as izimbizos and the integrated development planning (IDP) process to engage citizens in local governance.
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McGinnis, Jasmine A. "Participatory philanthropy: an analysis of community inputs impact on grantee selection". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43645.
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Institutional philanthropy (which includes the spectrum of all formalized grantmaking organizations) remains one of the least understood and researched aspects of giving. There is also limited scholarly attention to the relationship between foundation governance and grantmaking, despite normative claims about 'elite' foundation boards selecting 'elite' nonprofit's. Yet, foundations are increasingly using committees of community volunteers to allocate grants, rather than leaving grant decisions to a traditional board of directors. The goal of community involvement in grantmaking is better grant decisions, due to community members' information advantage and consequently greater knowledge of community needs. However, no one has tested whether community boards are making different decisions than traditional boards, much less whether their decisions are better. Drawing on a sample of 6 funders who use both community and traditional boards, their 616 grantees, and 955 comparable non-grantees I build on the economic model of giving to identify differences and similarities in the characteristics of nonprofit's that receive grants. Although I find much more congruence between grant decisions of community and traditional boards than literature expects I explore this finding through an in depth case study of two foundations who do this type of work. I find, similar to previous work in the public sector that simply involving community members in a grants process does not automatically generate different organizational decisions. Instead, it is only when a public participation program is effectively designed that grant decisions truly reflective community input.
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Malapane, Anthony Tshwarelo. "The effects of the oversight role of legislatures in promoting good governance in South Africa with specific reference to the Gauteng legislature". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2918.
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Thesis (Ph. D. (Public Administration)) --University of Limpopo, 2019South Africa continues to experiment with democracy after 23 years since its rebirth in 1994. The country‘s democracy is still developing towards greater transparency, full participation and accountability. Development depends on the existence of strong and vibrant institutions of accountability in the face of the challenges that threaten to reverse the gains made since the advent of democracy. Among such institutions is the legislature, which is the focus of this study. The study probes the oversight role of legislatures in South Africa. Oversight has become a subject of interest in the field of Public Administration as it is viewed as the mandate of legislatures to hold the government to account for managing public resources in the course of conducting public affairs. This study broadens the understanding of oversight by examining crucial relations between the legislature and the executive, and by providing insight into the legislature‘s ability and capacity to carry out the oversight mandate. This is mainly because in most developing countries, the legislative sector, and particularly African legislatures have been categorised as weak. They are generally censured to have institutional weaknesses and limited decision-making role. There are, however, common challenges, including but not limited to lack of capacity, the dominance of the executive and its reluctance to cooperate, and lack of political will attributed to various factors. These challenges are intensified by the legislature‘s perceived inability to deal with emerging issues. Studies previously conducted in the Gauteng Legislature have affirmed some of these challenges, including among others, lack of independence and capacity issues when exercising its oversight role. However, the literature pointed to increased oversight activities in democratic legislatures over the years. Although increase in oversight activities is acknowledged in the study, literature on oversight effectiveness is scant. From the foregoing, the aim of the study was to examine whether the oversight role of legislatures has effects in terms of the promotion of good governance, particularly executive transparency and accountability as well as public involvement. In addition to focusing on the relationship between the executive and the legislature, ability and capacity of the legislature, the study also set out to determine the extent to which the public participates in oversight processes of legislatures. The study concentrated on the Gauteng Legislature, and focused on the work of Portfolio Committees as they are responsible for the day to day oversight work of legislatures. The literature reviewed points out to the complex nature of the legislative oversight setting based on the systems of governance adopted in a country, which has an influence on the relationship between the executive and the legislature, and in turn, on oversight. The study has employed a qualitative approach, with the data collected utilising semistructured in-depth personal interviews, participant observation and document analysis. Semi-structured personal interviews were the main data collection tool utilised to collect primary data from the participants. The participants were selected utilising non-probability (purposive) sampling to target participants with knowledge and experience on the subject matter to attain the objectives of the study. In addition, the participant observation and document analysis were used to collect both primary and secondary data to supplement the interviews with the respondents. This was mainly to respond to the contention of this study. The study argues that the legislature through its oversight role has the ability and capacity to promote transparency and accountability as well as public involvement. The findings of this study suggest that to a certain extent, the oversight role might have positive effects on promoting executive transparency and accountability. However, the findings have pointed out some serious shortcomings regarding the extent to which the public participates in the oversight work of the legislature. This is regardless of the efforts made by the legislature to establish platforms to ensure that the public participates in the oversight role to hold the executive accountable. Furthermore, the study has found that Portfolio Committees are a suitable mechanism to hold the executive to account as among others, the Members of the Provincial Legislature (MPLs) work well together. There are improved relations between the Gauteng government departments and committees. The departments are responsive; yet there are still challenges leading to the elusion of accountability, with limited or no consequences. The study recommends inter alia, follow-up on oversight activities; committee action against the executive‘s reluctance; strengthening the role of research; and regular interactions between the executive and the legislature. Keywords Accountability, Committees, Democracy, Executive, Government, Governance, Good Governance, Legislature, Performance, Public Participation, Service Delivery, Transparency, Political Parties, and Oversight.
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Matos, Silvia Maria Santos. "O Parlamento das águas : a experiência dos comitês de bacia hidrográfica na política de recursos hídricos em Sergipe". Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4052.
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Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe - FAPITEC/SEThis research aims to analyze the experience of river basin committees in the production of public policies for water resources in Sergipe. This analysis was performed from the perspective of social participation and integration as structural axes of the National and State Policy of Water Resources, established in Brazil and Sergipe in 1997. This assumes identify and discuss the limits and possibilities of this form of state action as promoter of public policies and civil society, through the watershed committees, as his legal representative. Our hypothesis is that the participation of society in an organized and active public sphere is one of the factors that determine the formation of an integrated State with its organs and other spheres of civil society, acting together in institutionalized processes following the example of watershed committees. This social participation acts in the context of public debate and deliberative democracy in perspective built by Habermas and collective association, by Bruno Latour. In reading methodology and text analysis, we mainly guided by the concepts of Habermas, Hanna Arendt, Bruno Latour, Max Weber, Luhmann, Giddens and Beck, Hans Jonas and Larrère and others who assisted in the foundation of this thesis. In empirical research, the data were collected by document analysis and means of personal interviews with the technicians and managers of Resources Water Polycy in Sergipe and with the members the river basin committees of state domain watershed instituted in the state (Rio Sergipe established in 2002, Rio Piaui established in 2005, Rio Japaratuba introduced in 2007). It was found that the committees have very limited influence on achievement of the shares in favor of the sustainability of water resources, although its institutionalization is perceived by its members as positive, because even limited, the committees represent a breakthrough in politics, it offers discussion and knowledge on the key issues of the basins. The solutions permeate ways that signal for joint action involving both the State and society. Such solutions should consider, above all, recognition of the committees as an area of excellence for discussion of water resources policy and an appropriate management of activities involved, whether related to the own functioning and dynamism of the committees, or related to the performance of agencies of the public power in their appropriate competencies.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a experiência dos comitês de bacia hidrográfica na produção de políticas públicas de Recursos Hídricos em Sergipe. Tal análise foi realizada sob a perspectiva da participação social e integração, enquanto eixos estruturadores da Política Nacional e Estadual de Recursos Hídricos, instituída no Brasil e em Sergipe em 1997. Isso pressupõe identificar e discutir os limites e possibilidades dessa forma de atuação do Estado, enquanto promotor de políticas públicas, e da sociedade civil, por meio dos comitês de bacias hidrográficas, enquanto seu representante legal. Partimos da hipótese de que esta participação da sociedade, numa esfera pública organizada e atuante, é um dos fatores que podem condicionar a formação de um Estado integrado com seus órgãos e com outras esferas da sociedade civil, atuando conjuntamente em processos institucionalizados a exemplo dos comitês de bacias hidrográficas. Essa participação social atua num contexto de debate público e de democracia deliberativa na perspectiva construída por Habermas e de associação de coletivos, de Bruno Latour. Na metodologia de leitura e análise de texto, nos guiamos principalmente pelos conceitos de Habermas, Hanna Arendt, Bruno Latour, Max Weber, Luhmann, Giddens e Beck, Hans Jonas e Larrère, entre outros que auxiliaram no fundamento desta tese. Na investigação empírica, os dados foram obtidos através de análise documental e por meio de entrevistas pessoais com os técnicos e gestores da Política de Recursos Hídricos de Sergipe e com os membros dos comitês de bacias hidrográficas de domínio estadual instituídos no Estado (Rio Sergipe instituído em 2002, Rio Piauí instituído em 2005, Rio Japaratuba instituído em 2007). Constatou-se que os comitês têm uma influência muito limitada na concretização das ações em favor da sustentabilidade dos recursos hídricos, embora sua institucionalização seja percebida pelos seus membros como positiva, pois mesmo limitados, os comitês representam um avanço na política, uma vez que proporciona a discussão e o conhecimento sobre os principais problemas das bacias. As soluções enveredam por caminhos que sinalizam para ações conjuntas que envolvem tanto o Estado quanto à sociedade. Tais soluções devem considerar, sobretudo, o reconhecimento dos comitês enquanto espaço por excelência do debate da política de recursos hídricos e uma adequada gestão das atividades envolvidas, seja referente ao próprio funcionamento e dinamismo dos comitês, seja referente à atuação dos órgãos do poder público, nas suas devidas competências.
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Almbjär, Martin. "The voice of the people? : Supplications submitted to the Swedish Diet in the Age of Liberty, 1719–1772". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124423.
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This dissertation is devoted to the study of who used the formal channels of interaction in the early modern era and why. It examines the full range of the political conversation in early modern Sweden, as seen in the supplications to the Diet in the Age of Liberty (1719–1772), and more specifically the supplications submitted to the parliamentary committee tasked with handling them, the Screening Deputation. The literature yields few systematic studies of this official channel, and supplications have long been terra incognita in the early modern political landscape. Their exact importance is uncertain, to say the least. Using a database built on three samples from the beginning, middle, and end of the Age of Liberty, the Diet's supplication channel is shown to have been used by two groups: supplicants from state-affiliated households primarily tried to use it to pursue their claims on the state, to settle various issues related to employment, or to receive some sort of support through hard times; and, increasingly, commoners, especially delegates in the Estate of the Burghers, used the channel for their gravamina concerning commerce, taxation, and the like, and state support for public amenities, a group for whom the Screening Deputation offered an alternative route to getting their grievances heard by the Diet. Both groups increasingly used the Diet's supplication channel was appeal the verdicts of the King in Council (Kungl. Maj:t). Although most were not appeals against the Judicial Audit, the results reveal an active use of appeals, and thus a de facto erosion of Kungl. Maj:t's supremacy. The results also show that as many as three-fifths of all supplicants had their supplications accepted by the Screening Deputation for further examination by the Diet. Although the acceptance rate was definitely lower in the 1730s and 1740s, the committee seems to have been fairly benevolent in its interpretation of the rules on petitioning. The results, lastly, show that although the Diet's supplication channel allowed excluded groups direct access to the Diet - including women of all classes, commoners of rank, and unrepresented groups - it mainly catered to men with the social status or wealth that put them in the middle and upper strata of society. Although this supplication channel stood open to anyone, its egalitarian potential was seemingly never realized. The use of March and Olsen's institutional theory about the logic of appropriateness, has revealed that certain institutional templates and norms that would have enabled these groups more access to the channel succumbed and made room for other institutional foundations. Supplications were part of the medieval and early modern centralization of legal and political power, the formation of the state, the protection of the privileges of Swedish subjects, and, during the Age of Liberty, the power struggle between the Diet and the kings. Each supplication viewed by itself might seem trivial, but nonetheless played a part in each and every one of these major processes. An ordinary Swede could have an impact on early modern politics when acting in concert with other supplicants, like rain eating away at rock.
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Ndabeni, LL. "Ward committee systems as an effective public participation process". 2012. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000777.
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Siphuma, Tshifhiwa Florence. "The role of ward committee in enhancing public participation: a case study of Thulamela Municipality". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/367.
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Montreuil, Camille. "Une exploration des tensions organisationnelles constitutives de l'expérience de la participation publique". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20051.
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Ke, Chong. "Infrastructure, Participation and Legal Reforms: An Analysis of the Politics and Potentials of Village Elections in China". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4732.
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Inspired by critiques of controlled elections under “single-party rule,” this dissertation explores the performance, implications and potentials of China’s village elections. It first reviews the most important studies on the progress of China’s grassroots democracy and then analyzes the social-political background of village self-management which to date has been neglected in the academic literature. Based on empirical studies conducted in Sichuan, this dissertation investigates the roles and attitudes of various participatory groups in village elections and in the course of electoral reforms. It also discusses the failure of the existing law to set out fundamental rules for village elections and to effectively guide people’s behavior. Further, this dissertation offers detailed recommendations to improve the existing law in order to guarantee the accessibility, authenticity and competitiveness of village elections.Graduate
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Gqweta, Masabbatha Judith. "Public participation challenges facing ward committees in the Senqu Local Municipality". Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/30839.
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A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Law, Commerce and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Management (Public and Development Sector Monitoring &Evaluation), 2020This purpose of this study was to investigate public participation challenges facing ward committees in the Senqu Local Municipality. This is a rural municipality under the Joe Gqabi District Municipality in the Eastern Cape. Constitutionally local government is legally bound to promote public participation through various mechanisms such as ward committees. To obtain the research objectives, the research applies a qualitative research methodology, using Arnstein’s Ladder of Participation Theory as a basis for public participation in the selected municipality. A literature review was conducted on public participation, local democracy and ward committees functioning. A purposive non-probability sampling was used as it allowed a sample from which participants are selected on the basis of their knowledge on the subject. Primary data collection comprised of semi structured interviews with three municipal officials and focus group discussions with two selected ward committees in the Senqu Local Municipality. The study presents findings from the data analysis and depict that despite the imperative role played by the ward committees, there are still challenges that face ward committees on public participation. The study closes with conclusions, recommendations for the municipality and recommendations for further research
CK2021
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MacDougall, Carol A. "School health committees: Perceptions of public health staff". 2004. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=81035&T=F.
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Miller, Renita. "Minority Voices: The Representational Roles of African American and Latino Legislators during State Legislative Deliberations". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/72008.
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In this dissertation I systematically examine African-American and Latino legislator behavior in a legislative setting. The project specifically examines whether and how minority legislators represent and influence African American and Latino policy interests during the legislative process. I perform an analysis of minority legislator participation rates on bills and develop an original measure of substantive representation using patterns in legislative speech of state representatives’ language during committee hearings. I build on existing theory in the representation literature and offer new hypotheses for expanding the scope of how substantive representation is defined and investigated, namely through an empirical investigation of the link between deliberation and descriptive representation. Second, I collect an original data set and develop an original measure of substantive representation to test these hypotheses with participation rates and a linguistic frame based content analysis approach of minority and non-minority representatives’ language on bills for racial perspectives during state legislative committee hearings on several policy issue areas including, but not limited to education, healthcare, and immigration. Third, I offer a critical test of hypotheses to test whether African American and Latino representatives’ (1) participate more when the legislation is deemed minority interest in comparison to their non-minority counterparts? (2) their behavior (or deliberation style) is different from non-minority legislators? (3) impact the deliberation style of non-minority legislators?
The analysis draws on original data collected through committee hearing tapes and online video archives of Texas committee hearings in multiple policy areas, and the findings indicate that minority legislators do indeed provide a voice for minority constituents, providing more minority interest language on minority interest bills in comparison to their non-minority colleagues, especially when the legislation is threatening to minority populations. These results support the argument that minority legislators do indeed substantively represent minority constituents at levels greater than non-minority representatives during the legislative process.
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Polile, Augustus. "Ward committees as a democratic space for public participation: the case of ward 29 in Ekurhuleni (2010)". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11757.
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Mhlari, Mzilela Conride. "Community participation and development in South Africa : the case study of Ward Committees as an effective vehicle for public participation in Ba-Phalaborwa Municipality". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13894.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study examines the role of Ward Committees in facilitating “authentic” public participation, with particular reference to Ba-Phalaborwa Municipality. The key question of the study is whether Ward Committees serve as effective mechanisms to promote public participation in the local sphere of government in South Africa.
To answer this question, this research project focuses on the composition, functioning and responsibilities of Ward Committees, and how these contribute to effective public participation. This is important because one of the mandates of local government in the post-apartheid era in South Africa is to promote local democracy through the participation of communities.
The empirical findings of this research project reveal that Ward Committees are confronted with a multitude of challenges where their functioning tends to be compromised. This has led this research to recommend the improvement of capacity among Ward Committees as a way of enhancing public participation.Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)