Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Propriétés diélectriques dynamiques"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Propriétés diélectriques dynamiques"
Giuntini, Jean-Charles, A. Nicolas, Guillaume Maurin, Sabine Devautour-Vinot e François Henn. "Dynamique des ions et propriétés de surface de certains aluminosilicates : Étude par spectroscopie de relaxation diélectrique". Annales de Chimie Science des Matériaux 30, n.º 3 (28 de junho de 2005): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/acsm.30.235-246.
Texto completo da fonteAndré, Pascal, e Sébastien Lalléchère. "Calcul de la permittivité dans un plasma d’air hors de l’équilibre chimique et thermique : effet sur la propagation des ondes électromagnétiques à différentes altitudes". Journal International de Technologie, de l'Innovation, de la Physique, de l'Energie et de l'Environnement 7, n.º 1 (11 de maio de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.52497/jitipee.v7i1.286.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Propriétés diélectriques dynamiques"
Allart, Alexandre. "Etude des propriétés physiques et dynamiques d’électrolytes mésogènes photosensibles". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10127/document.
Texto completo da fonteSolid organic electrolytes are of major scientific interest from fundamental standpoint and they have numerous potential technological applications, such as high-capacity rechargeable batteries, fuel cells or sensors. One way to obtain these materials is to dissolve alkali salts into media based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) derivatives. Recently, it has been demonstrated that some geometric factors of these (macro)molecules, such as proximity of polar and non-polar elements, PEO chain length or partial ordering of the PEO segments, can improve the ionic conductivity. Based on these observations, photosensitive mesogenic compounds bearing PEO chains were doped with lithium salts. The physical characteristics of these hybrid materials have been investigated by optical microscopy, X-Ray diffraction and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. In particular, the ionic conductivity has been studied for two different anchoring conditions, i.e., planar and homeotropic. It is shown that the anisotropy of the liquid crystalline phase influences the ionic conductivity of the sample and thus the charge motion. Planar anchoring conditions provided the highest ionic conductivity. Then, the impact of UV irradiation on the molecular order has been investigated. Upon UV light, a Trans-Cis isomerisation mechanism of the azobenzene moieties present in the chore of the molecules takes places inducing the transformation of stick-like shape molecules (nematic phase) to chevron-like shape molecules (isotropic state). This phenomenon strongly affects the ionic conductivity evidencing the major role of the anisotropy on the conduction process. In order to investigate the dynamic properties of these systems under illumination a current/voltage study has also been carried out showing the potential use of these photosensitive mesogenic electrolytes as sensors. Finally, the LC phase has been stabilized by using a polymerization mechanism of photosensitive mesogenic monomers. It is interesting to point out that the fabricated gel exhibits enhanced electrical properties compared to that of the non-stabilized LC phase
Fakraoui, Oumaima. "Corrélation entre les propriétés diélectriques et mécaniques de nanocomposites à matrice polymère". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0161.
Texto completo da fonteIn materials science, correlating the dielectric and mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites is of significant importance. This correlation allows for predicting dielectric behaviors from mechanical characteristics and vice versa, offering an effective alternative for material characterization, particularly when experimental testing is limited. The application of fractional models to establish this correlation is a significant innovation, enabling the optimization of material performance across various applications. With growing environmental awareness, this research also addresses the use of biomass-derived materials due to their biodegradability and lower environmental impact. Specifically, it explores the incorporation of cellulosic fillers, developing and studying cellulose nanoparticles as reinforcements in a biodegradable polymer matrix. The research investigates the thermal, structural, dielectric, and mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposites. The primary focus is on correlating dielectric and mechanical properties using fractional models. This correlation enables the prediction of dielectric responses from mechanical results and vice versa. Experimental results demonstrate the impact of bio-based reinforcements on the PVA/CS matrix, with a detailed examination of dynamic dielectric and mechanical properties. The study establishes a traditional correlation between these properties and further explores the sensitivity of fractional models. It validates the approach by correlating the dynamic dielectric and mechanical responses of polylactic acid (PLA) and then applies this correlation to the PVA/CS blend, showing the capability to predict permittivity from the storage modulus and vice versa
Sender, Cyril. "Elaboration et étude des propriétés physiques de nanocomposites hybrides à finalité orthopédique". Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1078/.
Texto completo da fonteIn orthopaedics, the implantation of biomaterials having higher mechanical properties than bone leads to physiological stress field deviation (stress-shielding effect) disturbing calcified tissues remodelling processes. In a biomimetic way and based on the mechanical impedance matching concept, this work deals with processing and physical properties study of hybrid nanocomposites composed of a polyamide matrix reinforced with hydroxyapatite nanoparticules. The calorimetric analysis by DSC allowed the determination of nanoparticles effect on matrix dynamic crystallisation. The dielectric techniques BDS and TSC pointed out two principal relaxation processes and provided information about the nanoparticles localisation. Dynamic and static mechanical measurements (respectively by DMA and three point bending) displayed the combined reinforcing effect of hydroxyapatite and absorbed water for T
Bonhommeau, Sébastien. "Dynamique et propriétés photo-induites de la transition de spin moléculaire". Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30097.
Texto completo da fonteSpin crossover complexes are serious candidates for potential applications in molecular devices. This dissertation gives a few pieces of evidence. They are likely to present, at the same temperature, two easily addressable and detectable long-lived states (the high-spin HS state and the low-spin LS one). Photoexcited at low temperature, their slow relaxation from the HS to the LS state may be governed by intramolecular vibrational modes and interactions. The application of magnetic field and pressure pulses longer than the millisecond or that of nanosecond light pulses generate respectively a LS→HS, HS→LS or a bi-directional (LS↔HS) spin crossover. Finally, the change in electronic polarisability between thermo- or photo-induced spin states enables their electrical identification. These recent discoveries open new avenues in the perspective of designing the optical switches and molecular memories of tomorrow. .
Jeloaica, Léonard. "Etude ab initio des mécanismes réactionnels dans la phase initiale du dépôt par par couches atomiques des oxydes à moyenne et forte permittivité sur silicium". Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30077.
Texto completo da fonteThis work attempts to bring a new light on the understanding of some critical aspects of the physicochemical processes that control Alumina, Zirconia and Hafnia ALD growth, yet not sufficiently understood. These materials are addressed as potentially best candidates to replace gate dielectric SiO2 in the near future electronic applications. Most accurate ab initio correlated methods, like couple-cluster CCSD(T) and CISD(T), with different basis sets functions, as well as the available experimental data have been used for testing by a systematic study the accuracy and the reliability of DFT B3LYP functional. Our results have claimed this hybrid-DFT method to be chosen in predicting of high accurate static and dynamic properties throughout the family of organometallic-like (AlxCyHzOt) and transition metal-based (Zr/HfxClyOzHt) molecular systems. First systematic study of torsional potential surfaces of TMA has been performed and the related features of the hindered rotors of the methyl groups revealed with high accuracy. Laying on these accurate results we have also proposed least-squared fit methods to determine frequency scaling factors subject to different thermodynamic properties and/or thermal conditions. Many-step reaction mechanisms of ALD gas phase precursors of each of the three oxides with residual water, or regime of low pressure H2OÓALD pulses, have been studied in detail. Strong anharmonic internal movements of molecular species throughout the hydrolysis reactions have been observed and qualitatively discussed in relation with their possible effects on the reactions' kinetics. TMA/H2O reactions have been validated as strongly exothermic, while Hafnium and Zirconium tetrachlorides have founded to react endothermically with single H2O molecule. We have also studied in detail reaction mechanisms of the related on-surface ALD-complexes with water vapors. Our theoretical investigations address to the initial stage of ALD growth, more s pecifically on SiO2/Si(001)-2x1 like surfaces. The proposed many-step mechanisms, similar to those discussed for the gas phase, confirmed again the strong reactivity of H2O molecule with on-surface Aluminum hydroxymethylides, and responds strong endothemically as for the hydroxylation of Zirconium and Hafnium on-surface hydroxychlorides. The last two proved a very similar surface chemistry. Finally the cooperative effects of H2O molecules have been considered in our models of reactions, and have revealed dramatic influences on the reactivity Zirconium- and Hafnium hydroxychlorides surfaces. Our results proved the importance of both cooperative interactions of on-surface complexes and H2O molecules in the case of the Zirconia and HafniaÓALD growth, while for Aluminum oxide, presently considered ideal for ALD growth, these effects seem of secondary importance
Riedel, Clément. "Propriétés diélectrique et mécanique des polymères aux échelles macro et nanoscopiques". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582827.
Texto completo da fonteBibonne, François. "Contribution à l'étude de la dynamique moléculaire dans les cristaux liquides antiferroélectriques à partir de leurs propriétés diélectriques". Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10702.
Texto completo da fonteLefort, Thibaut. "Réseaux époxy/liquide ionique avec et sans anhydride : Etude des mécanismes de polymérisation et des propriétés diélectriques". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI126.
Texto completo da fonteIonic liquids (Ils) are salts exhibiting a low melting temperature (minus 100 °C). They display interesting properties such as good thermal and chemical stabilities and a high ionic conductivity. For example, these properties make them attractive as lubricant, electrolyte or additive in polymer science. In this thesis, ionic liquids are proposed as a solution for charge accumulation occurring in epoxy based insulators of gas insulated substations (GIS), under high voltage direct current (HVDC). An increase of conduction phenomenon is researched in order to reduce charge accumulation on the surface of insulators during their service. The influence of the addition of IL on the polymerisation of the epoxy network and its properties has been evaluated with and without a conventional anhydride hardener, using a phosphonium based IL, known as reactive and initiator of the epoxy polymerisation. Polymerisation mechanisms were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in liquid phase and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the networks and their microstructure by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and their morphology by electronic microscopy (SEM or TEM). Finally, dielectric properties were studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy and DC conductivity measurements and were discussed in function of the architecture of the different networks
Linnik, Ekaterina. "Propriétés spectrales des paraélectriques quantiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AMIE0037.
Texto completo da fonteA quantum paraelectric SrTiO3 is a material situated in close proximity to a quantum critical point of ferroelectric transition in which the critical temperature of ferroelectric state is suppressed down to 0 K. However, the understanding of the behaviour of the phase transition in the vicinity of this point remains challenging. Here we study the solid solutions based on the SrTiO3 to approach the pre-critical regions of the phase diagram and study the outcome of the coexistence of quantum fluctuations and thermal motion. It will allow the discovery of the novel phase statements and physical properties, occurring due to competition of quantum and classical regimes. We study the crystal structure and lattice dynamics of quantum paraelectric BaxSr1 xTiO3 solid solutions using X-Ray diffraction, Raman and terahertz-infrared (THz-IR)-spectroscopies in a temperature range 4-300K. The X-Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveal the cubic-to-tetragonal non-polar structural phase transition at about 100K. At the same time, Raman spectra manifest the presence of polar modes, TO2 and TO4, normally prohibited in paraelectric phase. Emergence of these modes indicates the appearance of the polar nanoregions in a broad temperature range. The modes become more intensive at low temperatures, the temperature dependence of their intensities on cooling reveals the kink-like change of the slope from flat to steep, indicating on activation of polar nanoregions. The transmission THz-IR-spectra show, that squared frequencies of the polar TO1 soft modes, responsible for the ferroelectric transition, follow the Cochran’s behavior at high temperatures. However, at low temperatures, it does not vanish at extrapolated Curie temperature but saturates, demonstrating the plateau feature below 20K. This behavior, coherent with the known saturation of the dielectric constant, indicates that transition to ferroelectric phase in BaxSr1-xTiO3 is suppressed by quantum fluctuations and system stays in the quantum paraelectric state at very low temperatures. Using the concentration of Pb in PbxSr1-xTiO3 solid solutions as a tuning parameter and applying the combination of Raman and dielectric spectroscopy methods we approach the quantum critical point in PbxSr1-xTiO3 and study the interplay of classical and quantum phenomena in the region of criticality. We obtain the critical temperature of PbxSr1-xTiO3 and the evolution of the temperature-dependent dynamical properties of the system as a function of x to reveal the mechanism of the transition. We show that the ferroelectric transition occurs gradually through the emergence of the polar nanoregions. We study also the cubic-to-tetragonal structural transition, occurring at higher temperatures, and show that its properties are almost concentration-independent and not affected by the quantum criticality. We also study the dielectric properties for the PbxSr1-xTiO3 in detail and show that in the composition with x = 0.005, a smooth plateau is observed in the temperature dependence of the dielectric permittivity. The height of the plateau depends on the Pb concentration and gradually decreases when x increases. This plateau arises due to random quantum fluctuations of the ions which dominate at low temperatures and concentrations. At higher x, the thermal fluctuations become more pronounced; therefore the plateau disappears
Lezaca, Jorge. "Conception et réalisation d’une méthode de caractérisation hyperfréquence large bande : application à la mesure des propriétés électromagnétiques des diélectriques et des ferrites aimantés". Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2029.
Texto completo da fonteThe electromagnetic (EM) characterization of materials is an important phase in the design process of telecommunication devices and systems, in particular in those used in signal processing applications. The magnetic media used in microwave frequencies (ferrites, magnetodielectric composites, etc. ) imposes some difficulties in this area because of the anisotropy and the strong dispersion of ferrites EM properties. One particularity of ferrite characterization is related to the fact that their properties have to be measured at different magnetization states. Currently, no standard measurement method is able to estimate the variation of their properties if their magnetization state is modified. Thus, methods giving direct access b the permeability tensor elements must be developed, considering a wide frequency range and the different magnetization states of the material. The objective of this thesis was to design and develop an EM characterization method for magnetized ferrites from 100 MHz to 10 GHz. We proposed an original measurement cell based on a non-reciprocal stripline structure. To develop the data processing program of the method, we analyzed the measurement cell using a full-wave technique in which we take into account the fundamental propagation mode and the superior modes, in particular the exited magnetostatic modes. We showed that these modes have an important influence on the propagation of the EM wave inside the measurement cell, hence modifying the precision of the obtained results. To minimize the errors related to the signal to noise ratio (SIN) of the measuring equipment (vector network analyzer), we chose a broadband resolution of the inverse problem of the method. This enables the characterization of longer samples (more volume) that those used in traditional techniques (based on monofrequential inverse problem resolutions), thus enhancing the wave/material interaction and the precision of the measurements. The characterization method was validated using samples of well-known EM characteristics and by comparison with 3D simulations (Ansoft HFSS software). The developed method gives the possibility to characterize some of the material properties often used by the ferrite manufacturers and non-reciprocal deceives designers like S\DeltaSH or the gyromagnetic resonance frequency (FRM). This method also authorizes broadband EM characterization of dielectric samples. These two last advantages give a very general character to the method