Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Problème Linéaire en Nombres Entiers"
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Létocart, Lucas. "Problèmes de multicoupe et de multiflot en nombres entiers". Paris, CNAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CNAM0430.
Texto completo da fonteThe object of this work is to study and to solve combinatorial optimization problems in graphs : maximum integral multiflow and minimum multicut problems, and some subproblems, as the multiterminal cut and flow, the unspittable flow, the multipath and the edge disjoint path problems are polynomial in directed trees and we propose a polynomial algorithm to solve both problems in rooted trees. We use linear programming and semi-definite programming in a branch and bound algorithm in order to solve the NP-hard minimum multicut problem in undirected trees. We propose also polynomial algorithms for the multiterminal cut and flow problems and for the minimum multicut problem in rings
Wu, Lei. "Contribution à la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers : problèmes de placement-chargement et knapsack". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0112.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with Integer Linear Programming (ILP) : an effective approach for modeling and solving combinatorial optimization problems. ILP is becoming more and more important for treating practical problems in recent research. Despite the fact that the problem has often a complex and highly combinatorial structure, ILP-based resolution methods may lose their effectiveness. The main goal of our framework is to reduce the completeness of ILP-based method by exploiting the problem's particular properties. In order to show how the ILP could contribute effectively to solving combinatorial optimization problems, we consider two NP-hard problems : 3D Single Bin-Size Bin Packing Problem and Multi-dimensional Multi-choice Multiple Knapsack Problem. The first problem comes from the industrial world, particularly in logistics processes where it is proposed to solve, for example, a problem of optimal allocation of boxes with a set of available containers (parcels, pallets, etc. ) in the process of a supply chain. The second problem can be encountered in real-world applications, such as service level agreement, model of allocation resources, or as a dynamic adaptation of system of resources for multimedia multi-sessions
Schaal, Arnaud. "Approche hybride pour la résolution de problèmes linéaires en nombres entiers : méthodes intérieures et méta-heuristiques". Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090036.
Texto completo da fonteZeghal-Mansour, Farah. "Résolution de programmes linéaires en nombres entiers de grandes tailles et application à un problème d'affectation en transport aérien". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066565.
Texto completo da fonteFeng, Jianguang. "Modélisation et optimisation des Hoist Scheduling Problems". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC043/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis studies hoist scheduling problems (HSPs) arising in automated electroplating lines. In such lines, hoists are often used for material handing between tanks. These hoists play a crucial role in the performance of the lines and an optimal schedule of the hoist operations is a key factor in guaranteeing product quality and maximizing productivity. We focus on extended lines (i.e. with multi-function and/or multi-capacity tanks) with a single hoist. This research investigates three hoist scheduling problems: robust optimization for cyclic HSP, dynamic jobshop HSP in extended lines and cyclic jobshop HSP in extended lines.We first study the robust optimization for a cyclic HSP. The robustness of a cyclic hoist schedule is defined in terms of the free slacks in hoist traveling times. A bi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to optimize the cycle time and the robustness simultaneously. It is proved that the optimal cycle time strictly increases with the robustness, thus there is an infinite number of Pareto optimal solutions. We established lower and upper bounds of these two objectives. Computational results on several benchmark instances and randomly generated instances indicate that the proposed approach can effectively solve the problem.We then examine a dynamic jobshop HSP with multifunction and multi-capacity tanks. We demonstrate that an existing model for a similar problem can lead to suboptimality. To deal with this issue, a new MILP model is developed to generate an optimal reschedule. It can handle the case where a multi-function tank is also multi-capacity. Computational results on instances with and without multifunction tanks indicate that the proposed model always yields optimal solutions, and is more compact and effective than the existing one.Finally, we investigate a cyclic jobshop HSP with multifunction and multi-capacity tanks. An MILP model is developed for the problem. The key issue is to formulate the time-window constraints and the tank capacity constraints. We adapt the formulation of time-window constraints for a simpler cyclic HSP to the jobshop case. The tank capacity constraints are handled by dealing with the relationships between hoist moves so that there is always an empty processing slot for new parts. Computational experiments on numerical examples and randomly generated instances indicate that the proposed model can effectively solve the problem
Nait-Abdallah, Rabie. "Modèles de dimensionnement et de planification dans un centre d'appels". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00275832.
Texto completo da fonteKone, Oumar. "Nouvelles approches pour la résolution du problème d'ordonnancement de projet à moyens limités". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446704.
Texto completo da fonteFarah, Ihsen. "Optimisation des flux de trafic aérien". Le Havre, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEHA0003.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we adress the Air Traffic Flow Management Problem (TFMP). We present a new Integer Linear Program which takes into account all phases of flight. We purpose also a Max-Min ant system algorithm to resolve the TFMP. Numerical simulations are applied to real data to show the effectiveness of our new formulation and our approach. We adress also the static Aircraft Landing Problem (ALP). We propose a quadratic integer program and propose a change of variables to linearize the model. Second objective is to resolve effectivly this model. Therefore, an exact method based on Branch and Bound algorithm is presented. We propose also an Ant Colony System to resolve the instances with a big size. To confirm this work, simulation and computer modeling results for both of the heuristic and exact algorithm are presented
Ternier, Ian-Christopher. "Résolution exacte du Problème de Coloration de Graphe et ses variantes". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED060/document.
Texto completo da fonteGiven an undirected graph, the Vertex Coloring Problem (VCP) consists of assigning a color to each vertex of the graph such that two adjacent vertices do not share the same color and the total number of colors is minimized. DSATUR is an effective exact algorithm for the VCP. We introduce new lower bounding techniques enabling the computing of a lower bound at each node of the branching scheme. Our new DSATUR outperforms the state of the art for random VCP instances with high density, significantly increasing the size of solvable instances. Similar results can be achieved for a subset of high density DIMACS instances. We study three ILP formulations for the Minimum Sum Coloring Problem (MSCP). The problem is an extension of the classical Vertex Coloring Problem in which each color is represented by a positive natural number. The MSCP asks to minimize the sum of the cardinality of subsets of vertices receiving the same color, weighted by the index of the color, while ensuring that vertices linked by an edge receive different colors. We focus on studying an extended formulation and devise a complete Branch-and-Price algorithm
Ouzia, Hacène. "Hiérarchies de relaxations semi-algébriques pour des programmes linéaires mixtes 0-1 : théorie et applications". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066349.
Texto completo da fonteBen, Moallem Marwa. "Seafaring staff scheduling problem with workload fairness and incompatibility : modeling and resolution". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD034.
Texto completo da fonteStaff scheduling challenges have been extensively studied in transportation sectors like airlines, railways, and urban buses, yet their application in sea transport remains notably underexplored. This work addresses a seafaring staff scheduling problem inspired by a real case study, where a shipowner operates multiple vessel categories requiring specific skills. The objective is to achieve a fair workload distribution, minimize worker incompatibility, and comply with legal requirements such as mandatory rest periods and shift intervals. The novelty of this work lies in the integration of these multiple objectives and constraints into a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model, supported by experimental results that assess the model’s performance under varying parameters. This research demonstrates that the problem is NP-hard, justifying the use of heuristic methods. The heuristic approach, rigorously tested against exact methods, is shown to effectively manage scheduling while adhering to the problem's constraints. Benchmarking results reveal that the heuristic yields near-optimal solutions with significantly reduced computation times, offering a practical decision-support tool for complex maritime staff scheduling
Benhida, Soufia. "De l'optimisation pour l'aide à la décision : applications au problème du voyageur de commerce probabiliste et à l'approximation de données". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMIR27.
Texto completo da fonteThe first part of this work deals with route optimization in the form of an optimization problem named The Traveler's Business Problem. In this part we are interested to make a rich presentation of the problem of Traveler Commerce, its variants, then we propose a strategy of constraint generation for the resolution of the TSP. Then we treat its stochastic version : the probabilistic business traveler problem. We propose a mathematical formulation of the PTSP and we present numerical results obtained by exact resolution for a series of small instances. In the second part, we propose a method of general approximation to approximate different type of data, first we treat the approximation of a wind signal (simple case, 1D), then the approximation of a vector field taking into account the topography which is the main contribution of this part
Gicquel, Céline. "MIP models and exact methods for the Discrete Lot-sizing and Scheduling Problem with sequence-dependent changeover costs and times". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00375964.
Texto completo da fonteKoné, Oumar. "Nouvelles approches pour la résolution du problème d'ordonnancement de projet à moyens limités". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/681/.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we studied two types of scheduling problems. The major part concerns the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). The scheduling problem of handling operations in a warehouse of Crossdocking is also dealt. First, from models using mixed integer linear programming, we proposed two new formulations of this problem, using variables indexed by events. In one of them, we use a binary variable to mark the beginning of the performing of each activity and another variable to mark its end. In the second proposal, a single variable is used. It identifies events in which the activity starts or continues its performing. Overall, compared to other models in the literature on various types of instances, our proposals show more interesting results on the instances with long scheduling horizons containing activities with disparate durations. In particular, on the highly cumulative instances (basic characteristics of RCPSP) of these types of instances, they are the most efficient. We also treat the resolution of the extension of the RCPSP which consists in taking into account specific resources that can be consumed during the performing of each activity, but also produced in another quantity at the end of performing of each activity: it is the RCPSP with consumption and production of resources. To make a comparison between different experimental models, we proposed an adaptation of our event-based formulations, the discrete-time formulations of Pritsker and Christofides, and the flow-based continuous-time formulation (proposed by Artigues on basis of the work of Balas). Overall, the results show that our event-based formulations are most successful on many types of instances. Second, in one less extensive part, we proposed a branch-and-bound using some cuts based on the Pareto frontier for the resolution of the scheduling problem of handling operations in a warehouse of Crossdocking. The excellent results obtained, which had strengthened our questions about the non-proved complexity of this problem, have contributed to establish later that this problem is of polynomial complexity
Sarpong, Boadu Mensah. "Column generation for bi-objective integer linear programs : application to bi-objective vehicle routing problems". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919861.
Texto completo da fonteArenas, Pimentel Luis Diego. "Contributions d'un modèle microscopique à la résolution du problème de construction d'une grille horaire et à la planification des activités de maintenance de l'infrastructure ferroviaire". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0034/document.
Texto completo da fonteMost railway systems experience a growing demand of railway capacity. To face this demand, either new infrastructure must be built or a more efficient exploitation of the existing one must be attained. Timetables play a determinant role in the efficient capacity exploitation. Most timetabling approaches in the literature are based on macroscopic representations of the infrastructure. This may lead to inefficient and in some cases, impractical solutions. Instead, microscopic approaches are based on more realistic modelling of the elements of the railway system. This guarantees the feasibility of the timetables while promoting an efficient capacity exploitation. However, due to their complexity, the scope of microscopic approaches is typically restricted to main stations. Despite the optimization of timetables, the performance of infrastructure maintenance may severely impact the trains' circulations in the network. Therefore, the timetable may have to be rearranged to ensure an efficient capacity exploitation. We present two main contributions in this thesis: first, a microscopic approach for timetable design. Second, a microscopic approach for timetable rearrangement to cope with maintenance. This is the first microscopic approach in the literature to tackle this problem while also considering specific aspects as temporary speed limitations. After a thorough experimental analysis, we demonstrate the validity of our approaches and their practical applicability in real life scenarios. In particular, we show that microscopic approaches can be used to tackle large areas of the infrastructure, including several stations
Mencarelli, Luca. "The Multiplicative Weights Update Algorithm for Mixed Integer NonLinear Programming : Theory, Applications, and Limitations". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX099/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents a new algorithm for Mixed Integer NonLinear Programming, inspired by the Multiplicative Weights Update framework and relying on a new class of reformulations, called the pointwise reformulations.Mixed Integer NonLinear Programming is a hard and fascinating topic in Mathematical Optimization both from a theoretical and a computational viewpoint. Many real-word problems can be cast this general scheme and, usually, are quite challenging in terms of efficiency and solution accuracy with respect to the solving procedures.The thesis is divided in three main parts: a foreword consisting in Chapter 1, a theoretical foundation of the new algorithm in Chapter 2, and the application of this new methodology to two real-world optimization problems, namely the Mean-Variance Portfolio Selection in Chapter 3, and the Multiple NonLinear Separable Knapsack Problem in Chapter 4. Conclusions and open questions are drawn in Chapter 5
Glize, Estele. "Méthodes exactes pour les problèmes combinatoires bi-objectif : Application sur les problèmes de tournées de véhicules". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0023.
Texto completo da fonteReal-world problems involve several different criteria to take into account. For instance, a route may be associated with multiple features such as its cost, its ecological footprint, its duration, or its length. Resulting mathematical problems are addressed by multi-objective optimization. In general, there is no feasible solution able to maximize or minimize all objectives. Thus, decision makers want to examine the trade-off between the objectives in order to select the most suitable solution for them. Solving a multi-objective optimization problem consists of finding a set of points in the objective space, called non dominated points. No point in the objective space is better than a point of this set for all objectives. Few exact methods exist in literature to solve NP-hard multi- objective combinatorial problems, especially those with a NP-hard mono-objective variant. This thesis works on exact methods for such multi-objective problems, and the class of bi-objective vehicle routing problems is used as reference. The manuscript presents a column generation based-approach which aims to efficiently enumerate the set of non dominated points of the problems. We seek the best way to explore the objective space, and we propose different acceleration techniques based on structural properties. To show its generic aspect, the approach is applied to several bi-objective variants of the vehicle routing problem : the vehicle routing problem with time windows, the covering tour problem and the team-orienteering problem with time windows. Extensive computational experiments highlight the efficiency of the proposed method
Loiseau, Irène. "Sur la génération de colonnes en nombres entiers". Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA132018.
Texto completo da fonteMkadem, Mohamed Amine. "Flow-shop with time delays, linear modeling and exact solution approaches". Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2390/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we study the two-machine flow-shop problem with time delays in order to minimize the makespan. First, we propose a set of Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) formulations for the problem. In particular, we introduce a new compact mathematical formulation for the case where operations are identical per machine. The proposed mathematical formulations are then used to develop lower bounds and a branch-and-cut method. A set of valid inequalities is proposed in order to improve the linear relaxation of the MIPs. These inequalities are based on proposing new dominance rules and computing optimal solutions of polynomial-time-solvable sub-instances. These sub-instances are extracted by computing all maximal cliques on a particular Interval graph. In addition to the valid inequalities, the branch-and-cut method includes the consideration of a heuristic method and a node pruning procedure. Finally, we propose a branch-and-bound method. For which, we introduce a local search-based heuristic and dominance rules. Experiments were conducted on a variety of classes of instances including both literature and new proposed ones. These experiments show the efficiency of our approaches that outperform the leading methods published in the research literature
Ayala, Perez Maria. "Programmation linéaire en nombres entiers pour l'ordonnancement cyclique sous contraintes de ressources". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604537.
Texto completo da fonteAyala, Perez Maria Alejandra. "Programmation linéaire en nombres entiers pour l'ordonnancement cyclique sous contraintes de ressources". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1175/.
Texto completo da fonteThe resource-constrained modulo scheduling problem (RCMSP) is a general periodic cyclic scheduling problem, abstracted from the problem solved by compilers when optimizing inner loops at instruction level for very long instruction word parallel processors. Since solving the instruction scheduling problem at compilation phase in less time critical than for real time scheduling, integer linear programming (ILP) is a relevant technique for the RCMSP. In this work, we are interested in the methods based on the integer linear programming for the RCMSP. At first, we present a study of the two classic integer linear formulation for the RCMSP. A theoretical evidence of the equivalence between the classic formulations is shown in terms of linear programming (LP) relaxation. Secondly, based on the ILP formulations for the RCMSP, stronger formulations for the RCMSP derived from Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition are presented. In these formulations, the number of variables can be huge, for this reason, we proposed a column generation scheme to solve their LP relaxations. We propose also the heuristics methods based on the Lagragian relaxation and decomposed software pipelining. The heuristic methods search the transformation of the classic integer linear programming for the RCMSP for the performance improvement in the time for the search of solutions. All formulations are compared experimentally on problem instances generated from real data issued from the STMicroelectronics ST200 VLIW processor family
Danna, Emilie. "Intégration des techniques de recherche locale à la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers". Avignon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AVIG0132.
Texto completo da fonteWe present several algorithms for integrating local search technique into mixed integer programming (MIP). We first introduce a cooperation scheme between local search and branch-and-price that generalizes the concept of branch-and-cut heuristics to branch-and-price and we apply it successfully to the vehicle routing problem with time windows. We then present a new MIP heuristic that we call Relaxation Induced Neighborhood Search (RINS). This heuristic finds good integer solutions on models that previously were very difficult to solve. It is now implemented in ILOG CPLEX 9. RINS exploits the three fundamental concepts of local search (neighborhood, intensification, and diversification) and transposes them to mixed integer programming. This heuristic is generic : it can be applied to any MIP model, with no other input than the model itself. RINS allows us to formalize the notion of "hybrid in spirit'' algorithms. This development paradigm consists in using only one optimization technique and integrating into its framework concepts of other resolution techniques instead of having several software components cooperate. RINS performances and our analysis of difficulties encountered by existing hybrid algorithms suggest that this class of algorithms is promising. We finally concentrate on the job-shop scheduling problem with earliness and tardiness costs on which RINS is particularly effective. We propose several improvements and extensions of the disjunctive model for this problem and a heuristic (MCORE : big-M COefficient REduction) that could be generalized to other MIP models of similar structure. MCORE is also a "hybrid in spirit'' algorithm
Makhlouf, Yosra. "Hybrid flow shop scheduling for a surgery planning problem". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0178.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we study a two-stage hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with no-wait and inter-stage flexibility for minimizing the makespan. The problem is inspired from the hospital context for the scheduling of surgeries. The addressed problem variant was recently introduced in the literature and proved to be strongly NP-hard. The problem is particularly challenging due to the multiple resources involved and restrictions on waiting times and resource idleness. To the best of our knowledge, the general version of the problem with multiple machines at each stage, no-wait and inter-stage flexibility has never been treated so far. Only approximation algorithms for some simplified versions of the problem have been presented. No experimental testing was conducted. This thesis addresses the general version of the two-stage no-wait hybrid flow shop with inter-stage flexibility for makespan minimization. We focus on mathematical formulations and exact solution methods. Our contribution is two-fold: a mathematical model, and an exact search tree method. We also develop several lower bounds and heuristics and perform experimental testing in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed approaches. The first contribution is a time-indexed mixed integer linear programming model for the problem. We add valid inequalities to strengthen the formulation. Lower bounds on the makespan value are also computed and heuristics are developed. The model is tested on several classes of instances generated based on the hospital context. The performances of the model and valid inequalities are highlighted. The second contribution is a branch-and-bound algorithm tailored to the problem's structure. We establish a novel dominance property and develop several heuristics to compute initial solutions. A branching scheme is presented based on the problem's characteristics and constraints. The branch-and-bound is tested on the same testbed to evaluate the performance. A comparison to the mathematical model is also conducted
Plateau, Agnès. "Hybridation de méthodes intérieures et de métaheuristiques pour la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers". Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090065.
Texto completo da fonteHijazi, Hassan. "Optimisation non-linéaire mixte en nombres entiers pour la conception de réseaux en télécommunications". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22107/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn our work, we rely on the powerful arsenal of mathematical programming theory to model telecommunication problems and devise efficient methods for solving them. Our goal is to comply to real life constraints when defining optimal routing strategies and designing efficient capacity planning tools. Theoretical contributions apply the field of Mixed Integer Non-Linear Optimization. Among relevant results, let us mention :Explicit formulations of convex hulls in disjunctive programming, generalizing the famous perspective formulationsTractable compact formulations of problems featuring inerval uncertainty in Robust OptimizationAn efficient Outer-Inner approximation algorithm for solving large families of separable mixed Integer Non-Linear Programs (MINLPs) and Second Order Cone Programs (SOCPs), outperforming state-of-the-art commercial solvers.In the application part, our work aims at introducing reliable telecommunication networks, offering appropriate and guaranteed Quality of Service to all its customers. Today, Wide Access Networks (WAN), Virtual Private Networks (VPN) or IP-based Backbones carry a wide range services, namely: voice, video streaming and data traffic. Each one of these contents has its own performance requirements. Unfortunately, best effort algorithms are implemented at all levels, offering no guarantee for delay sensitive applications. Is it possible to build routing strategies guaranteeing upper bounds on source-to-destination delays? Can we make these routing protocols to delay variation ? Does service differentiation affect capacity planning decisions ? Answers to these questions will be developed in this thesis
Darwiche, Mostafa. "When operations research meets structural pattern recognition : on the solution of error-tolerant graph matching problems". Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4022/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is focused on Graph Matching (GM) problems and in particular the Graph Edit Distance (GED) problems. There is a growing interest in these problems due to their numerous applications in different research domains, e.g. biology, chemistry, computer vision, etc. However, these problems are known to be complex and hard to solve, as the GED is a NP-hard problem. The main objectives sought in this thesis, are to develop methods for solving GED problems to optimality and/or heuristically. Operations Research (OR) field offers a wide range of exact and heuristic algorithms that have accomplished very good results when solving optimization problems. So, basically all the contributions presented in thesis are methods inspired from OR field. The exact methods are designed based on deep analysis and understanding of the problem, and are presented as Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) formulations. The proposed heuristic approaches are adapted versions of existing MILP-based heuristics (also known as matheuristics), by considering problem-dependent information to improve their performances and accuracy
Collet, Guillaume. "Alignements locaux pour la reconnaissance de repliements des protéines par programmation linéaire en nombres entiers". Phd thesis, Rennes 1, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/51/27/25/PDF/manuscrit_GC.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteDetecting similarities and homologies between proteins is a key step during the annotation process. To find such homologies, multiple sequence alignments are widely used. These methods provide global to local alignment features. Nevertheless, in the so called "Twilight Zone", one must relies on fold recognition methods to find homologous proteins. In this field, the Protein Threading Problem (PTP) uses pairwise parameters to globaly align a protein sequence with a protein structure. As far as we know, no local alignment method using pairwise parameters exists. Based on the PTP, we proposed 5 mathematical formulations of such local alignments. These formulations have been implemented and tested with CPLEX 10. 0 package. Then, we developed an efficient dedicated algorithm to solve local alignments. Our algorithm uses well-known techniques from Operational Research: Branch & Bound, Subgradient Descent and Lagrangian Relaxation. We show that, despite greater complexity, local alignments using pairwise parameters are feasible and improve the quality of the alignments
Collet, Guillaume. "Alignements locaux pour la reconnaissance de repliements des protéines par programmation linéaire en nombres entiers". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00512725.
Texto completo da fonteKagni, Victor. "Programmation linéaire multiobjectif en nombres entiers : théories, algorithmes et essai d'application à la gestion d'équipements hospitaliers". Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOE013.
Texto completo da fonteMultiobjective linear programming methods with continuous variables date from 1960. It's only in 1973 that the indivisibility was taken into account in multiobjective optimization. This work is a contribution to the multiobjective integer linear problems and methods. The first part is about single and multiobjective problems with continuous variables. It includes the separation theorem used as a multiobjective case, and the theorem of the equivalence between Pareto's optimum and multiparametric program. This equivalence is a source of continuous multiobjective methods when the decision maker's preference weightings are made a priori, a posteriori or when they are progressive. These methods are used in general cases. The second part deals with multiobjective integer linear programming in theories and algorithms. The preceding equivalence theorem has been adapted to integer case in this part. Integer methods are subject of the third part; a greater place is given to a priori weightings, with integer goal programming and progressive weightings with integer interactive methods by preference revelation, because of their adaptability. Progressive preference weightings are emphasized so as to limit value judgement on objectives. So, methods are presented depending on whether variables describe n, 0-1 or they are mixed. Integer interactive methods with preferential vector have been suggested. They optimize all the objectives simultanously, respecting integer Pareto's optimum. Concerning mixed variables, the methods used were binary decomposition and median analysis
Ouali, Abdelkader. "Méthodes hybrides parallèles pour la résolution de problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire : application au clustering sous contraintes". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC215/document.
Texto completo da fonteCombinatorial optimization problems have become the target of many scientific researches for their importance in solving academic problems and real problems encountered in the field of engineering and industry. Solving these problems by exact methods is often intractable because of the exorbitant time processing that these methods would require to reach the optimal solution(s). In this thesis, we were interested in the algorithmic context of solving combinatorial problems, and the modeling context of these problems. At the algorithmic level, we have explored the hybrid methods which excel in their ability to cooperate exact methods and approximate methods in order to produce rapidly solutions of best quality. At the modeling level, we worked on the specification and the exact resolution of complex problems in pattern set mining, in particular, by studying scaling issues in large databases. On the one hand, we proposed a first parallelization of the DGVNS algorithm, called CPDGVNS, which explores in parallel the different clusters of the tree decomposition by sharing the best overall solution on a master-worker model. Two other strategies, called RADGVNS and RSDGVNS, have been proposed which improve the frequency of exchanging intermediate solutions between the different processes. Experiments carried out on difficult combinatorial problems show the effectiveness of our parallel methods. On the other hand, we proposed a hybrid approach combining techniques of both Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and pattern mining. Our approach is comprehensive and takes advantage of the general ILP framework (by providing a high level of flexibility and expressiveness) and specialized heuristics for data mining (to improve computing time). In addition to the general framework for the pattern set mining, two problems were studied: conceptual clustering and the tiling problem. The experiments carried out showed the contribution of our proposition in relation to constraint-based approaches and specialized heuristics
Mehiaoui, Asma. "Techniques d'analyse et d'optimisation pour la synthèse architecturale de systèmes temps réel embarqués distribués : problèmes de placement, de partitionnement et d'ordonnancement". Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0011/document.
Texto completo da fonteModern development methodologies from the industry and the academia exploit more and more the ”model” concept to address the complexity of critical real-time systems. These methodologies define a key stage in which the functional model, designed as a network of function blocks communicating through exchanged data signals, is deployed onto a hardware execution platform model and implemented in a software model consisting of a set of tasks and messages. This stage so-called deployment stage allows establishment of an operational architecture of the system, thus it requires evaluation and validation of the temporal properties of the system. In the context of event-driven real-time systems, the verification of temporal properties is performed using the schedulability analysis based on the response time analysis. Each deployment choice has an essential impact on the validity and the quality of the system. However, the existing methodologies do not provide supportto guide the designer of applications in the exploration of the operational architectures space. The objective of this thesis is to develop techniques for analysis and automatic synthesis of a valid operational architecture optimized with respect to the system performances. Our proposition is dedicated to the exploration of architectures space considering at the same time the four degrees of freedom determined during the deployment phase, (i) the placement of functional elements on the computing and communication resources of the execution platform, (ii) the partitioning of function elements into real time tasks and data signals into messages, (iii) the priority assignment to system tasks and messages and (iv) the assignment of shared data protection mechanism for periodic real-time systems. We are mainly interested in meeting temporal constraints and memory capacity of the target platform. In addition, we are focusing on the optimization of end-to-end latency and memory consumption. The design space exploration approaches presented in this thesis are based on the MILP (Mixed Integer Linear programming) optimization technique and concern at the same time time-driven and data-driven applications. Unlike many earlier approaches providing a partial solution to the deployment problem, our methods consider the whole deployment problem. The proposed approaches in this thesis are evaluated using both synthetic and industrial applications
Thiongane, Babacar. "Réoptimisation dans le dual lagrangien du biknapsack en variables 0-1". Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA132007.
Texto completo da fonteBoumghar, Sabéha. "Nouvelle approche de l'optimisation en temps réel des feux d'un carrefour complexe isolé par la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers". Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090034.
Texto completo da fonteNait-Abdallah, Mohamed Rabie. "Modèles de dimensionnement et de planification dans un centre d'appels". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1062.
Texto completo da fonteWe address in this thesis dimensioning and planning issues in a call center. The purpose is to guarantee a high quality of service at a minimum cost for the company. In the literature, theses issues are generally modeled using the shift-scheduling problem. In this thesis we introduce what we call the activity series paradigm. This paradigm allows dealing with the great diversity of call center constraints and environments. It was used to model and solve the planning and dimensioning problems with an integer linear program. We also, develop a method to optimize a non-linear quality of service in the shift-scheduling problem
Abdull, Aziz Manaf. "Etude d'algorithmes de réduction de bases de réseaux et problème du sac à dos". Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX22018.
Texto completo da fonteHaddad, Marcel Adonis. "Nouveaux modèles robustes et probabilistes pour la localisation d'abris dans un contexte de feux de forêt". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLD021.
Texto completo da fonteThe location of shelters in different areas threatened by wildfires is one of the possible ways to reduce fatalities in acontext of an increasing number of catastrophic and severe forest fires. The problem is basically to locate p sheltersminimizing the maximum distance people will have to cover to reach the closest accessible shelter in case of fire. Thelandscape is divided in zones and is modeled as an edge-weighted graph with vertices corresponding to zones andedges corresponding to direct connections between two adjacent zones. Each scenario corresponds to a fire outbreak ona single zone (i.e., on a vertex) with the main consequence of modifying evacuation paths in two ways. First, an evacuationpath cannot pass through the vertex on fire. Second, the fact that someone close to the fire may have limited choice, ormay not take rational decisions, when selecting a direction to escape is modeled using a new kind of evacuation strategy.This evacuation strategy, called Under Pressure, induces particular evacuation distances which render our model specific.We propose two problems with this model: the Robust p-Center Under Pressure problem and the Probabilistic p-CenterUnder Pressure problem. First we prove hardness results for both problems on relevant classes of graphs for our context.In addition, we propose polynomial exact algorithms on simple classes of graphs and we develop mathematical algorithmsbased on integer linear programming
Meister, Benoît. "Stating and manipulating periodicity in the polytope model : Applications to program analysis and optimization". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/MEISTER_Benoit_2004.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis focuses on mathematical objects that are the intersection between a rational parametric polyhedron and a lattice of integer points: Z-polyhedra. These objects are used in compilers, where they model nested for/do loops (this model is known as the "polyhedron model"), in order to analyze their behaviour and to transform them in an optimal or parallel loop nest. The main contribution of this thesis is an enhancement of this model, by integrating the periodic character of extremal integer points of the Z-polyhedron, using "periodic polyhedra". This concept is first used to devise the first algorithm for computing the integer hull of a parametric Z-polyhedron P, i. E. , the convex hull of the integer points that belong to P. In the same frame, we study Ehrhart polynomials, which give the number of points with integer coordinates that belong to P. Ehrhart polynomials depend periodically on the parameters of P. Starting from observations about the periodicity of the integer hull of P, we extend a conjecture stated by Ehrhart which gives accurate information on the periodicity of the polynomial's coefficients. Using this, we derive a new condition for which the Ehrhart polynomial of a Z-polyhedron is non-periodic. This allows to give two methods for approximating an Ehrhart polynomial by a non-periodic polynomial. In one of the two cases, we also give a new method for computing this polynomial, whose complexity is polynomial for a fixed dimension. Besides, the set of feasible solutions of a parametric linear integer programming problem is a Z-polyhedron S. The optimal solution is given by an extremal integer point of S, which depends periodically on S's parameters. Our approach considers a problem that encompasses the integer lexicographic maximum problem and the classical integer linear programming problem. We devise a new algorithm for computing the optimal solution of such a problem
Partouche, Ariane. "Planification d'horaires de travail : méthodologie, modélisation et résolution à l'aide de la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers et de la programmation par contraintes". Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090007.
Texto completo da fonteAzibi, Amine Riad. "Construction de critères en aide à la décision : aspects méthodologiques, techniques et pratiques". Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090022.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is devoted to criteria construction in decision aiding. Construction of criteria represents a major stage in the decision support process. This stage raises technical difficulties notably related to the use of qualitative aspects. More specifically, we are interested in criteria aggregating qualitative consequences, which is the case of criteria based on dispersed consequences. After emphasizing the equivalence between the aggregation of qualitative attributes and an assignment problem, we propose an original methodology for building a coherent multi-attribute assignment system. Our work is based on “if. . . Then. . . ” assignment rules in order to respect the qualitative nature of attributes. We propose a general approach for a progressive construction of a rule-based assignment model. The process consists in testing iteratively the consistency of the rule base to transform it progressively into a consistent assignment model. Consistency tests are based on a correspondence between the logical representation of rules and an equivalent algebraic representation. This allows us to express rules by linear constraints and then to test the consistency of rule-based assignment models by solving a series of linear programs
Salazar, zendeja Luis. "Modèles et algorithmes pour le problème d'interdiction de l'arbre couvrant de poids minimal". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022CLIL0028.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis, we study the Minimum Spanning Tree Interdiction (MSTI) problem. This problem is a two-player game between a network operator and an interdictor. The former aims to determine a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) in a network. Constrained by a budget, the latter seeks to change the network topology to increase the weight of aMST. Two types of interdiction are considered: total and partial interdiction. A total interdicted edge is considered absent while the weight of a partial interdicted edge is augmented by a predefined amount. The interdictor’s budget ismodeled as a cardinality, each edge has the same interdiction weight, or knapsack constraint, the interdiction weightsmight be different. Seven mathematical formulations for the MSTI problem are devised. They proved to be efficient on small and medium-size graphs. A Branch-and-Price algorithm and a Benders Decomposition algorithm are designedfor larger graphs. In addition, valid inequalities are proposed to strengthen the models and improve the efficiency of the proposed methods. Instances including up to 200 nodes and 19900 edges are solved to optimality
Narboni, Guy Alain. "Un cas remarquable de systèmes linéaires : les systèmes monotones : résolution et application à la vérification formelle de programmes". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DENS0051.
Texto completo da fonte"Deciding whether or not a linear system of inequalities has integer solutions is an important sub-problem occurring in many case studies. It is well known that such a question of diophantine nature can be a formidable source of combinatorial difficulties. In this thesis, we focus on a class of integer linear problems than can be solved without enumeration (either directly or iteratively, if the problem is bounded)- their relaxation giving here an exact solution. This "polynomial" class is characterized by a remarkable confluence of syntactic and geometric properties (matrices having at most one postivie entry per now, concording with solutions sets forming a semi-lattice). We show that local consistency techniques based on interval narrowing are complete for that class (when the domains are bounded). This stems from the fact that one particular solution is a global maximum (or minimum). The systems under study encompass questions ranging from the satisfiability problem for Horn propositional clauses to the computation of shortest paths on a graph. By comparatively studying their solution algorithms, we are able to establish connections between the classical procedures of variable elimination and discrete optimization, and the more recent interval (or finite domains) approximation solving techniques. A more elaborate application, requiring the power of contraint logic programming, deals with reachability analysis on discrete state machines. Our implementations, using either the linear solver of Prolog III or the interval solver Prolog IV, enable us to prove several program properties automatically, on examples taken from the field of formal verification. "
Louat, Christophe. "Etude et mise en œuvre de stratégies de coupes efficaces pour des problèmes entiers mixtes 0-1". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0060.
Texto completo da fonteThe use of cutting planes is since severals years one of the most used methods to improve the search of an optimal solution reducing the search space in a Branch-and-Bound. The work presented here aims at studying several cutting plane methods and at proposing some strategies to integrate them in a resolution method based on Branch-and-Bound algorithm to solve mixed integer 0-1 problems. We present extensive computational experiments in ordrer to try to find efficient cutting plane generation strategies with generic mixted integer 0-1 problems and with different solvers. For this study, some solvers were used to compare their when the same cutting planes are added. Two commercial solver (Cplex and Xpress) and one free solveur (Glpk) are used to test the different strategies in a sequential Branch-and-Bound. One free solver is used to test these strategies in a parallel Branch-and-Bound. To provide an easy way to use these different solvers, a free library (Glop) that allows the user to use some solver with a same code has been created. We first present the different cutting plane methods that were integrated in the library Glop to produce computational experimentents. We then turn our interest on the different strategies we implement, the one being fixed strategies, the other being strategies that adapt to the problem resolution. We present and analyse the results of computational experiments with sequential Branch-and-Bound and in the last part, those obtained with parallel Branch-and-Bound
Nguyen, Dang Phuong. "Contributions à des problèmes de partitionnement de graphe sous contraintes de ressources". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066697/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe graph partitioning problem is a fundamental problem in combinatorial optimization. The problem refers to partitioning the set of nodes of an edge weighted graph in several disjoint node subsets (or clusters), so that the sum of the weights of the edges whose end-nodes are in different clusters is minimized. In this thesis, we study the graph partitioning problem on graph with (non negative) node weights with additional set constraints on the clusters (GPP-SC) specifying that the total capacity (e.g. the total node weight, the total capacity over the edges having at least one end-node in the cluster) of each cluster should not exceed a specified limit (called capacity limit). This differs from the variants of graph partitioning problem most commonly addressed in the literature in that:-The number of clusters is not imposed (and is part of the solution),-The weights of the nodes are not homogeneous.The subject of the present work is motivated by the task allocation problem in multicore structures. The goal is to find a feasible placement of all tasks to processors while respecting their computing capacity and minimizing the total volume of interprocessor communication. This problem can be formulated as a graph partitioning problem under knapsack constraints (GPKC) on sparse graphs, a special case of GPP-SC. Moreover, in such applications, the case of uncertain node weights (weights correspond for example to task durations) has to be taken into account.The first contribution of the present work is to take into account the sparsity character of the graph G = (V,E). Most existing mathematical programming models for the graph partitioning problem use O(|V|^3) metric constraints to model the partition of nodes and thus implicitly assume that G is a complete graph. Using these metric constraints in the case where G is not complete requires adding edges and constraints which may greatly increase the size of the program. Our result shows that for the case where G is a sparse graph, we can reduce the number of metric constraints to O(|V||E|).The second contribution of present work is to compute lower bounds for large size graphs. We propose a new programming model for the graph partitioning problem that make use of only O(m) variables. The model contains cycle inequalities and all inequalities related to the paths in the graph to formulate the feasible partitions. Since there are an exponential number of constraints, solving the model needs a separation method to speed up the computation times. We propose such a separation method that use an all pair shortest path algorithm thus is polynomial time. Computational results show that our new model and method can give tight lower bounds for large size graphs of thousands of nodes
Nguyen, Dang Phuong. "Contributions à des problèmes de partitionnement de graphe sous contraintes de ressources". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066697.
Texto completo da fonteThe graph partitioning problem is a fundamental problem in combinatorial optimization. The problem refers to partitioning the set of nodes of an edge weighted graph in several disjoint node subsets (or clusters), so that the sum of the weights of the edges whose end-nodes are in different clusters is minimized. In this thesis, we study the graph partitioning problem on graph with (non negative) node weights with additional set constraints on the clusters (GPP-SC) specifying that the total capacity (e.g. the total node weight, the total capacity over the edges having at least one end-node in the cluster) of each cluster should not exceed a specified limit (called capacity limit). This differs from the variants of graph partitioning problem most commonly addressed in the literature in that:-The number of clusters is not imposed (and is part of the solution),-The weights of the nodes are not homogeneous.The subject of the present work is motivated by the task allocation problem in multicore structures. The goal is to find a feasible placement of all tasks to processors while respecting their computing capacity and minimizing the total volume of interprocessor communication. This problem can be formulated as a graph partitioning problem under knapsack constraints (GPKC) on sparse graphs, a special case of GPP-SC. Moreover, in such applications, the case of uncertain node weights (weights correspond for example to task durations) has to be taken into account.The first contribution of the present work is to take into account the sparsity character of the graph G = (V,E). Most existing mathematical programming models for the graph partitioning problem use O(|V|^3) metric constraints to model the partition of nodes and thus implicitly assume that G is a complete graph. Using these metric constraints in the case where G is not complete requires adding edges and constraints which may greatly increase the size of the program. Our result shows that for the case where G is a sparse graph, we can reduce the number of metric constraints to O(|V||E|).The second contribution of present work is to compute lower bounds for large size graphs. We propose a new programming model for the graph partitioning problem that make use of only O(m) variables. The model contains cycle inequalities and all inequalities related to the paths in the graph to formulate the feasible partitions. Since there are an exponential number of constraints, solving the model needs a separation method to speed up the computation times. We propose such a separation method that use an all pair shortest path algorithm thus is polynomial time. Computational results show that our new model and method can give tight lower bounds for large size graphs of thousands of nodes
Lucas, Rémi. "Planification adaptative des ressources ferroviaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. https://theses.hal.science/tel-03009036.
Texto completo da fonteRailway planning consists of drawing up a transportation plan before operational time, specifying a planning for each resource: the train paths, which correspond to the schedules, the rolling stock that will be used to move the trains, and the crew on board the trains. Given the complexity of the railway system, this transportation plan is carried out potentially several years in advance, when a precise transportation plan is drawn up.However, once a resource has been planned, it is sometimes necessary to adapt the transportation plan and therefore change it. There may be many reasons for this: schedule changes due to work, partially damaged infrastructure, request for an additional train set for a train, damage to a type of rolling stock, etc. Thus, the transportation plan may sometimes be adapted several times between its design, potentially several years in advance, and its execution on the day of traffic. It is therefore legitimate to ask whether the design of a precise transport plan with such large time scales is reasonable.In this thesis, we consider the adding of flexibility to the planning process so that the effort to adapt the transportation plan when necessary is reduced. We introduce the notion of transportation plan adaptation costs, and we propose to make these adaptation costs explicit for the rolling stock resource. In particular, we specify the structural adaptation costs, which make it possible to quantify the similarities between two different rolling stock plannings. Adaptive planning consists in anticipating possible future adaptations of the transport plan as early as the design phase. Several Integer Linear Programs are introduced and experimental results are proposed on real SNCF instances. The adaptive planning approach can be compared with the current approach, and it is shown that the adaptation costs can be effectively reduced by adopting this new way of planning
Morin, Pierre-Antoine. "Planification et ordonnancement de projets sous contraintes de ressources complexes". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30291/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe project structure arises in many fields of industry and services. It consists in performing a set of activities that may be linked by precedence relations, and use resources whose capacity is limited. The objective is to minimize a criterion usually linked to the duration or the cost of the project. Most of project scheduling problems in the literature assume that the same time scale should be used to determine activity start and completion dates and check resource constraints at each time. However, although it is often required in practice to build a precise schedule specifying the execution range of each activity, the resource usage can be evaluated on an aggregated basis, like worker shifts. In this thesis, a new model that enables the integration of these two time scales is presented in order to define the periodically aggregated resource-constrained project scheduling problem (PARCPSP). This problem is studied within the framework of complexity theory and several structural properties are established, highlighting major differences with the standard resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). These properties allow deriving exact formulations based on integer linear programming, whose linear relaxations are compared. Moreover, several heuristics, such as schedule generations schemes, or an approached method based on a multi time scale iterative process, are proposed. Experimental results show the interest of these different methods and point out the intractability of the problem
Sun, Xiao Chao. "Résolution de la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers : méthodes des coupes, méthodes de séparation et évaluation et méthodes de décomposition de programmes par matrices d'intervalles et par matrices graphiques". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF21451.
Texto completo da fonteGugenheim, Dan. "Modélisation et optimisation d’un réseau de transport de gaz". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11760/1/gugenheim.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteAlfonso, Lizarazo Edgar. "Optimisation de la collecte de sang : concilier la qualité de service au donneur de sang et l'efficience de l'organisation de la collecte". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00859974.
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