Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Privacy, right of – great britain"
Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Privacy, right of – great britain.
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores artigos de revistas para estudos sobre o assunto "Privacy, right of – great britain".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja os artigos de revistas das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Nwaogazie, Innocent. "Diagnosis of Abortion Laws in Nigeria and Human Rights Trajectory: Lessons from Great Britain and United States of America". Nigerian Juridical Review 16 (28 de junho de 2022): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56284/tnjr.v16i1.21.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before its birth for whatever reason. The present study is concerned with therapeutic abortion which is criminalized in Nigeria been the focus of this study. The Nigerian societal attitude to abortion is one of stereotyped stigmatization notwithstanding the validity of the reasons. The aim of the study is to examine the trajectory between abortion laws and human rights in Nigeria and the lessons Nigeria can learn from Great Britain and United States jurisdictions. The objective is to interrogate the extant abortion laws with a view to locating their inadequacies in the area of both the African and international human rights concerns of sexual and reproductive health of women on abortion rights. Using doctrinal design by reliance on primary and secondary sources analysed through deductive reasoning based on extant statutes and case law, this study interrogated the extant abortion laws in Nigeria in juxtaposition with the British and the United States legal framework on abortion as well as critical examination of the African and international human rights jurisprudences, and found out that the current position of abortion law in Nigeria is not in the same wavelength with both the African and international human rights jurisprudences on sexual and reproductive health rights of females to access safe abortions implicit in the fundamental rights and freedoms of privacy, non-discrimination, right to life, good health and bodily autonomy as it relates to unwanted pregnancies induced by other factors such as rape, incest or severe foetus abnormalities. The study recommended law reform by using the models provided by the British and United States legal framework to allow women access to legal abortion in deserving cases in conformity with African and international human rights treaties.
2
Kobko, Yevhen, Hanna Foros, Khrystyna Shperun, Oleksandr Nikitinskyi e Roman Savchuk. "Safeguarding Minors' Personal Data: Legal Principles in Information Security in Ukraine and Eurupean". Syariah: Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran 23, n.º 2 (9 de fevereiro de 2024): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v23i2.12304.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The research aims to uncover the legal regulations pertaining to the protection of minors' personal data, considered a crucial component of informational security. Through an analysis of Ukrainian and European legislation, in conjunction with the General Data Protection Regulation and the California Consumer Privacy Act, this study seeks to explore preventive measures against third-party abuse of children's information. The research highlights the responsibilities imposed on state authorities and legal entities, based on Ukrainian and European legislation, to safeguard personal data. The methodology employed in this article involves the utilization of both general scientific and specialized methods of scientific cognition. The specificity of the research subject, along with its purpose and tasks, guided the selection of these methods. The research results reveal various problematic issues related to the collection, storage, use, and distribution of personal data of minors. The obligation to protect an individual's rights to the processing and preservation of personal data or private information is a responsibility placed on state authorities in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine and European countries (Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy, Norway, Great Britain), as well as on legal entities that own or store the specified personal data. In conclusion, the protection of personal data emerges as a fundamental right, integral to the broader rights of family and private life. The study also underscores the importance of international cooperation mechanisms in addressing this multifaceted issue.
3
Price, Linda, e Mark Simpson. "The trouble with accessing the countryside in Northern Ireland". Environmental Law Review 19, n.º 3 (setembro de 2017): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461452917720632.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The twenty-first century has seen a shift in emphasis from enabling local authorities to provide opportunities for recreation on private land to the conferment of a general right to access certain types of land in Great Britain. Similar liberalisation has not occurred in Northern Ireland. This article examines features of the Northern Ireland context that might explain why landowners’ rights continue to trump those of recreational users, drawing on stakeholder interviews and a rural geography conceptual framework. Following historic struggles for land in Ireland, any erosion of owner control is perceived to undermine hard-won rights; in a relatively rural society and agrarian economy, farmers are readily accepted as having the ‘right’ to determine the function of rural land; and recent conflict has depressed outdoor leisure and tourism. Consequently, productive uses of land remain central to rural policy and a countryside movement able to overcome objections to liberalisation has not emerged. Conflict and instability have also left a legacy of social problems and ‘legislative lag’ in higher priority areas that must be addressed before countryside access can move up the political agenda. The article reveals how, in stakeholders’ eyes, these factors combine to limit the prospects of reform.
4
Nekit, Kateryna. "Restrictions of Private Property Right in Terms of the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Experience of the US, UK and Ukraine". Age of Human Rights Journal, n.º 16 (14 de junho de 2021): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/tahrj.v16.6275.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on human rights. Many rights have been restricted to prevent the spread of infection. The restrictions on private property rights during the pandemic were not so obvious, but no less significant. The massive closure of restaurants, cafes, cinemas and other crowded places has resulted in significant losses for business owners. The question arose about the admissibility of such restrictions on the rights of owners, as well as the need to compensate for the losses caused. The purpose of this article is to study the criteria developed by international practice under which the restriction of property rights is allowed, and approaches to resolving issues of compensation for losses caused to owners when it is necessary to ensure a balance of private and public interests in Ukraine. The article also analyzes approaches to resolving issues of compensation for losses caused to owners as a result of restrictions on their rights, developed in the case law of the United States and Great Britain.
5
Mrvić-Petrović, Nataša. "Criminal law approach to regulating non-consensual pornographic deepfake". Bezbednost, Beograd 66, n.º 2 (2024): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bezbednost2402005p.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The paper examines the needs and possibilities of applying the criminal law mechanism to prevent the deepfake pornography (digital pornographic content created by the use of artificial intelligence). The criminological characteristics of the phenomenon are described. The legislation of the United States of America, Great Britain, Switzerland, Russia and China, as well as the regulations of the European Union related to the prevention of gender-based violence and liability for the dissemination of deepfakes, was analyzed. Analysis of the Criminal Code of Republic of Serbia showed that legal reform is required because adequate legal protections cannot be provided to the victims of unauthorized publishing of deepfake pornography. The conclusion is that criminal legal intervention to the non-consensual pornographic deepfakes is necessary, because the creation and distribution of deepfake porn violates personal rights, social morals and public interest. Criminalizing such behavior would be primarily in the interest of protecting the rights of victims, although it is not expected to have a greater practical significance. Prohibition of making and online distribution of sexually explicit deepfake porn must be harmonized with the legal protection of privacy of digital services users and with proactive measures of cyber security.
6
Sheveleva, Svetlana, e I. Teneneva. "VOYEURISM: CRIMINAL AND CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS". Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7, n.º 3 (12 de dezembro de 2022): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-1733-2021-7-3(2)-209-222.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
One of the types of paraphilia is voyeurism, i.e., secretly spying on the intimate actions of other people. From the point of view of medicine, voyeurism is recognized as a disorder of sexual preference, in art it has found expression in the paintings of famous masters, but from the point of view of morality it remains in the plane of religiously conditioned prohibitions, and psychologists say that the considered form of sexual behavior is dangerous not only for the psyche of the actor, but also for the victim. Within the framework of the presented research, the authors offer an analysis of the legal reaction of foreign countries to this form of sexual deviation, consider the types of punishments, and also present a criminological portrait of voyeurism. In the legal systems of foreign countries (Great Britain, Belgium, Singapore), voyeurism is recognized as a sexual crime; in the United States, Germany, New Zealand, and some states of Australia, the act in question is recognized as a crime that violates the «right to privacy». Separate statistical data on the specified acts in separate countries (where such counting is conducted) are presented, the reasons of growth of such encroachments and ways of their implementation are defined. In Russia, such acts receive a criminal-legal assessment on the grounds of Article 137 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which should be considered as a «legislative compromise», since in the actions of a voyeur, the main motive is sexual, and violation of privacy is not the goal. Some statistical data indicate an increase in such attacks in the world, but in Russia, the paraphilia in question is mainly the subject of research by psychologists, sexologists, and journalists. No serious criminological or criminal law studies were conducted. The presented research is the first attempt to study this phenomenon in the legal aspect, suggesting the beginning of a scientific discussion. It is concluded that in the conditions of digitalization of society, voyeurism as a form of sexual deviation will continue to develop, so it is necessary to adopt a set of legal measures aimed at protecting the rights of victims.
7
Jur, Lena. "Where Do They Belong?—Adoption of Mixed-Race Children in Late 1950s and Early 1960s Britain". Genealogy 6, n.º 3 (25 de agosto de 2022): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6030071.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This paper analyses the adoption of mixed-race children in Great Britain from formerly colonised or dominion territories after the Second World War with a focus on the late 1950s and early 1960s. It explores the ways in which mixed-race children and their biological, as well as their adoptive families, were treated in the adoption system in order to explore the tensions that arise between adoption and questions of racial belonging. As adoption and its related processes have the ability to profoundly interfere with the most private realms of human cohabitation—the family, this positions the history of adoption right at the interface of the private and the public sphere, offering an ideal background to look at the public as well as the private perception of the (decolonising) British Empire. By taking this specific group of children into focus, it is possible to illustrate the immediate and deeper effect of the race/colour question in adoptions as if under a magnifying glass. In the context of adoption processes, deeply colonial and inherently racist patterns of thought can be found, particularly in adoption records, but also in advice literature.
8
Sverbilova, Tetiana. "POSTREALISM AND NATIONAL MODELS OF EVERYDAY LIFE IN MODERN WOMEN’S PROSE OF GREAT BRITAIN (ANNA BURNS AND BERNADINE EVARISTO)". CONTEMPORARY LITERARY STUDIES, n.º 18 (13 de dezembro de 2021): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2411-3883.18.2021.246994.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article analyzes the poetics of everyday life in the novels of Anna Burns «Milkman» and Bernardin Evaristo «Girl, Woman, Other» in terms of modern theories of postrealism, which exists in the paradigm of both postmodernism and metamodernism. Accordingly, the narrative purpose of everyday rhetoric changes towards the symbolization of the banal as everyday. The traditional realities and details of the various national models of everyday life of both Irish and black British women, such as corporeality, appearance, food, clothing, topos of open space and interiors of private life, family and sexual relations, details of career and professional occupations, education and leisure, sports, various hobbies, etc. It is determined similar and diverse in different local national, racial and cultural matrices within the British postrealism of the gender type, which opposes traditional mimetic realism by the tendency to symbolize and metaphorize reality. In the age of postrealism, this is an attempt in the global world to modernize everyday life up to the level of the main modern problems of mankind. Postrealistic processes of symbolization of everyday life in the aspect related to the processes of globalization of culture is considered. This is the interaction of totalitarian thinking and new global practices of mankind. In this case, according to the principles of transculturation of global culture, it is not a one-sided influence, but interaction and interpenetration. The imagologem of the Other is analyzed as a cultural phenomenon and as a subject of narration. The difference of female images is identified as a national betrayal from the point of view of the patriarchal-tribalist community in the novel by Anna Burns. But the view of «others» in Bernardin Evaristo’s novel is characterized too by a certain monopoly in deviating from this otherness, both in thedirection of trying to preserve national, racial identity, and in the direction of the traditional norm as the oppression of a peculiar and diverse personality. The struggle for the right to an independent identity becomes the main plot of both novels, which move, on the one hand, in the traditional gender themes and, on the other hand, go beyond traditional women’s prose, not least due to symbolic stylistics and poetics in the display of everyday life in postrealist discourse.
9
Suranova, T. G., G. N. Suvorov e S. S. Zenin. "Conceptual principles and patterns of legal regulation of the processes of storage, access and data protection of genome sequencing in foreign countries as the basis for the modernization of Russian legislation". Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 65, n.º 9 (16 de setembro de 2020): 580–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-9-580-586.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The relevance of the study of the general principles and patterns of legal regulation of access storage processes and data protection of genome sequencing in foreign countries is determined by the need to develop a general concept of legal regulation of this type of activity in Russia. The purpose of this study is to develop the system-forming principles and patterns of access storage and data protection of genome sequencing in Russia. To achieve this goal, tasks were set and solved to identify and study the general principles and patterns of legal regulation of access storage processes and data protection of genome sequencing in foreign countries. The international documents regulating the features of regulation of access storage processes and data protection of genome-wide sequencing, the doctrinal sources of Great Britain, the USA, France, Israel, and Japan are studied. Methods used: general philosophical, general scientific, private scientific, special (structural-legal, comparative-legal, formal-legal). The general principles for the formation of the concept of legal regulation of genome sequencing in Russia are proposed. It was revealed that the creation of a universal regulatory regulator aimed at protecting the subject of personal data in view of the prevalence of public interests over private ones and the constant expansion of the scope of application of genetic data obtained as a result of genome-wide sequencing is the main problem in developing a legal regulation mechanism in the studied area. For the first time, the authors determine the basic principles for developing the concept of genome-wide sequencing in Russia, including: recognition of human rights and human dignity as the highest value, the necessity of researchers’ responsibility for the well-being of participants in view of the obtained research results, the mandatory informed consent of which should be voluntary, permanent, their right to get acquainted with the results obtained if it concerns their health, access to such information, ensuring the right to non-knowledge of research results and others.
10
Karamanukyan, D. T., e P. Chvosta. "The Right to a Fair Trial in the Area of Russian and Austrian Public Law". Siberian Law Review 19, n.º 1 (25 de abril de 2022): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.19073/2658-7602-2022-19-1-91-108.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The research paper examines the legal category of procedural (proceedings) law “Right to a Fair Trial” as a fundamental element of the European Human Rights Convention and the judicial practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The Authors concentrate mainly on the general part of Article 6 and focus on crucial aspects of the mentioned right which have become significant for the daily legal practice in the Russian Federation, Republic of Austria and other member states. In the domestic Russian legal doctrine, there are sectoral and international legal studies devoted to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the functioning of the European Court of Human Rights and the legal nature of its acts (A. Abashidze, E. Alisevich, M. Biryukov, S. Kalashnikova,V. Tumanov, K. Aristova).Along with this, from the standpoint of conventional rights, Russian legal scholars studied the procedural features of the implementation of acts of the European Court of Human Rights and the application of conventional norms in civil, arbitration and criminal cases (I. Vorontsova, T. Solovieva, M. Glazkova, S. Afanasiev, L. Volosatova, E. Iodkovsky, K. Mashkova, etc.).The private-scientific research methods used by the Authors in the presented scientific article, predominantly comparative, require the study of the works of foreign scholars in the field of law, which include P. Leanza, O. Pridal, D. Spielmann, V. M. Zupancic, H. Mosler, A. Buyse. Despite the rather large volume of doctrinal sources on the nature and implementation of conventional rights, the issues of applying the right to a fair trial in administrative disputes and cases arising from public law relations have not become the subject of scientific research. The empirical basis of the study conducted by the Authors is composed of 66 pilot judgments and other acts of the European Court of Human Rights on complaints from individuals against Russia, Austria, France, Finland, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Switzerland and other member states of the Council of Europe; judicial acts of the courts of Russia, Austria and other European countries. It is concluded that the practice of Article 6 of the European Human Rights Convention by the European Court has had a remarkable and sometimes unprecedented impact on public law and law enforcement activities of the European countries that are parties to the Convention. As Russian and Austrian experience shows, the decision of the European Court on behalf of the enforcement of Article 6 in one specific case can induce the state not only to adopt a separate law, but also to carry out serious institutional changes. Many such examples are given below by the Authors, which testify that the decisions of the European Court are able to act as a powerful law-forming force on the national level.
11
Nekit, K. H. "PROBLEM OF PAYMENT OF COMPENSATION TO BUSINESS OWNERS DURING THE QUARANTINE PERIOD: ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE". Economics and Law, n.º 1 (15 de abril de 2021): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2021.01.061.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact in all areas of human life. Many rights have been restricted to prevent the spread of infection. The restrictions on private property rights during the pandemic were not so obvious, but no less significant. The massive closure of restaurants, cafes, cinemas and other crowded places has resulted in significant losses for business owners. The question arose about the admissibility of such restrictions on the rights of owners, as well as the need to compensate for the losses caused. The purpose of this article is to study the criteria developed by international practice under which the restriction of property rights is allowed, and approaches to resolving issues of compensation for losses caused to owners when it is necessary to ensure a balance of private and public interests in Ukraine. In order to understand whether the owners, whose rights were restricted during the pandemic by depriving them of the opportunity to use their property in business, have the right to compensation, the article analyzes the meaning of "possessions" used in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. It is concluded that future income within the meaning given by the European Court of Human Rights should also be considered a type of property, so depriving owners of the opportunity to receive income could to some extent be considered as confiscation of property. This approach suggests that during the quarantine the owners were in a sense deprived of property, which raises the question of the need to compensate the owners for the losses incurred during the quarantine measures. The right of owners to compensation is analyzed in the light of the conditions developed in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights for interfering in the peaceful possession of property and the recommendations developed by the United Nations to limit human rights in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is concluded that it is necessary to comply with the principle of legality in case of state intervention in the peaceful possession of property. However, this principle was violated in Ukraine, as the restrictions were introduced not by law, but by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. This gives grounds to challenge the actions of the state and demand payment of compensation for losses incurred by the owners. The article also analyzes approaches to resolving issues of compensation for losses caused to owners as a result of restrictions on their rights, developed in the case law of the United States and Great Britain.
12
Romantsova, S. V. "The experience of the countries of the European Union regarding the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens in penitentiary institutions". Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, n.º 4 (14 de setembro de 2023): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.04.62.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article conducts a theoretical and legal study of the experience of the European Union countries regarding the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens in penitentiary institutions. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of studying social processes, a systematic approach, general provisions of philosophy, theory of the state and law, constitutional, criminal and criminal law, criminology, psychology and private scientific methods of knowledge: historical, comparative legal, sociological and logical . An analysis of international standards for the treatment and detention of convicts was carried out, issues related to the protection of the rights of individuals, ways of implementing the norms of international legal acts that enshrine human rights and freedoms into national legislation were determined. The rights of persons held in correctional institutions are a set of natural and acquired rights, protected by the state, of persons serving a sentence in the form of deprivation of liberty, enshrined in normative legal acts. The legal interest of convicts understood as the established, state-protected right to realize the convicts’ aspirations to own significant goods, which depends on the fulfillment of a number of conditions established by law. The relevant international standards analyzed and critically evaluated the Minimum Standard Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, the European Penitentiary Rules, the Tokyo Rules, the practice of the European Union in the field under investigation. The existing standards of restrictions on the rights of prisoners in France, Great Britain, the Federal Republic of Germany, Spain, and Italy reviewed and commented on. The process and problems of implementation of the standards of limitations of rights stipulated in the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine and implementation of the experience of the European Union countries described. It noted that the priorities in the field of execution of punishments in accordance with the Strategy for reforming the penitentiary system for the period until 2026 are: ensuring human rights, observing the minimum standard rules for the treatment and detention of convicted persons, increasing the effectiveness of the criminal enforcement system.
13
MacQueen, Hector L. "Mixed Jurisdictions and Convergence: Scotland". International Journal of Legal Information 29, n.º 2 (2001): 309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500009446.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There is an independent Scottish legal system today because, until the Union of the English and Scottish Crowns in 1603 and the Union of the Parliaments of the two countries in 1707, Scotland was an independent sovereign state. When King James VI of Scotland became James I of England and Great Britain in 1603, there was considerable interest in the possibility of establishing a single legal system for the newly united kingdoms, while during the Cromwellian interlude of the 1650s the possibility moved some way towards actuality. But the 1707 Act of Union showed a recognition that the establishment of a single legal system and body of law for the whole of the United Kingdom was not really a practical proposition, in articles which remain the formal basis for the continuing existence and independence of the Scottish law and legal system. Article XVIII provided for the continuation of Scots law after the Union, excepting only the ‘Laws concerning Regulation of Trade, Customs and … Excises', which were to ‘be the same in Scotland, from and after the Union, as in England.’ Change to Scots law was allowed under the Article, but in matters of ‘private right’ such change had to be for the ‘evident utility’ of the Scottish people. Only in matters of ‘public right’ might the aim be simply to make the law the same throughout the United Kingdom. Article XIX laid down that the principal Scottish courts, the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary, should ‘remain in all time coming’ as they were then constituted, and further provided that Scottish cases were not to be dealt with by the English courts ‘in Westminster-hall’ (which likewise continued to exist post-Union).
14
Myazin, Nikolai. "Street right-wing radical groups in Great Britain". Contemporary Europe, n.º 2 (9 de abril de 2014): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope220148190.
Texto completo da fonte
15
Stefanchuk, Ruslan O., e Mykola O. Stefanchuk. "Features of legal regulation of the legal capacity of minors and problems of their emancipation". Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, n.º 2 (25 de junho de 2021): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(2).2021.160-170.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study investigated and established the specific features of the legal capacity of minors, as well as cases of granting them full civil legal capacity. The purpose of this study was to cover certain features of the implementation and protection of subjective civil rights of minors within their legal capacity, their emancipation and to develop specific proposals for improving the private law regulation of these relations. The study analysed the provisions of the current Ukrainian legislation on the legal regulation of relations on determining the scope of civil legal capacity of minors, as well as the legislative experience of foreign countries, in particular, France, Germany, Great Britain, the United States, etc. The authors of this study concluded that Ukrainian legislation is heterogeneous in nature, as well as that there are different legislative approaches to determining the age of majority of an individual, and to the scope of powers granted to minors. The study examined the foreign experience of legislative provision of minors with the opportunity to dispose of their property in case of their death, as well as the approach of the Ukrainian legislator in terms of governing these legal relations. Based on the analysis of Article 1234 of the Civil Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as “the CCU”), the authors identified specific features of the right to make a will in terms of determining its subjects and concluded on the absence of legislative prohibition of making a will by a minor who has acquired full civil legal capacity in accordance with the procedure established by law. The position of scientists on the need for statutory consolidation of the ability of minors to make a will was supported, but with certain reservations conditioned by the provisions of the current civil legislation; the authors developed specific proposals for amendments to the CCU. It was concluded that a minor receives the status of a fully capable person in two ways – by granting and acquiring. At the same time, the granting of full civil legal capacity is interpreted as the adoption of an appropriate decision by the competent authority (in this case, the guardianship and custodianship authority or the court) provided the availability of grounds stipulated by law. Therewith, the acquisition of full civil legal capacity in the context of Part 2, Article 34 of the CCU is perceived as the result of independent performance of a legal action by a minor (in this case, marriage), which is stipulated by law and entails legal consequences in the form of obtaining full civil legal capacity without additional authorisation from other persons or the state
16
Larichev, A. "The specifics of the corporate model of local self-government and the divergence of modern approaches to self-government at the local level in the Commonwealth countries". Law Enforcement Review 2, n.º 4 (28 de dezembro de 2018): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2018.2(4).86-97.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The subject of the article is models of local self-government in Commonwealth countries.The purpose of this article is to substantiate or refute the hypothesis post-corporate model of local self-government is evolved.Methods of theoretical analysis are used, as well as legal methods, including the formal legal method and the method of comparative law.The main results and scope of their application. The corporate model of local government can be characterized by the following features: the lack of full constitutional recognition of local government as an independent form of public authority; formal institutional autonomy of municipal units as public (private-public) corporations of a special type that are not included into the system of state power; limited functional autonomy; lack of constitutional recognition of citizens’ or local communities’ right(s) to local self-government; limited accountability of local governments to the population, including the lack of sufficient legislative guarantees for the election of local authorities. These characteristics, grounded also in the historical specificity of local government development in Great Britain and its colonies, as well as in peculiarities of development of municipal units’ status in English law, are determined by the corporate character of municipal government, which does not arise from the power of communities, but is formed by the state "from above". The author also analyzes the differences in approaches to regulation and organization of local government in the Commonwealth countries.Overcoming the historical heritage, laid by the genesis of municipal corporations, in a number of Commonwealth states, indicates the formation of a new, post-corporate model of local government, which can be characterized by some features: the establishment of constitutional autonomy of local government as a special form of public power, its development as a form of democracy with greater control over the forms of self-government and governance at the local level by the population, as well as the establishment of a link between self-government and the local community. The proposed analysis may become a crucial point for future research in the field of post-corporate model of local self-government.Conclusions. Such countries as Australia and Ireland can presently be considered in a state of transition to the post-corporate model of local self-government.
17
Samborska, Iwona. "A child’s right to privacy in the face of distance education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic". Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 614, n.º 9 (30 de novembro de 2022): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1274.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article focuses on the implementation of the right to privacy by the pre-school child during distance education conducted under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The subject of the analyses were texts from interviews with children containing their statements on distance learning. The scope of the conducted analyses was determined by the content of the child’s right to privacy. Three analytical categories were identified in terms of: 1) privacy related to personal living space, 2) privacy related to being in a certain place, and 3) privacy related to relationships with others. The method used was content analysis. The results of the analyses revealed several threats around the child’s right to privacy, which raises the need for its effective protection. Privacy, in the opinion of the respondents, is of great value and, at the same time, it is a need which, in mediated learning conditions, requires decisive legislative and educational measures.
18
Aslam, Yaseen, e Jamie Woodcock. "A History of Uber Organizing in the UK". South Atlantic Quarterly 119, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2020): 412–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-8177983.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This article details Yaseen Aslam’s experience of organizing at Uber. Yaseen is the National General Secretary of UPHD (United Private Hire Drivers), a branch of the IWGB (Independent Workers Union of Great Britain). He is a co-claimant, with James Farrar, in the employment rights court cases against Uber in the UK. The article is the outcome of co-writing with Jamie Woodcock, presenting Yaseen’s first-person perspective. It builds on the method of workers’ inquiry and writing between workers and academics.
19
Bolshakov, A. "Regulatory Autonomy of Great Britain: Problems and Perspectives". World Economy and International Relations 65, n.º 7 (2021): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-7-71-79.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Sovereignty does not imply regulatory autonomy. After Brexit, the UK should align its regulatory policy with European norms, if it is interested in close partnership with the EU. Compromises must be made by both sides in order to ensure stability of the partnership. The EU will have to acknowledge the UK’s right to diverge from European rules. Britain will have to partly accept the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice. The structure of dispute settlement mechanism which will be created under the partnership agreement should be a product of a compromise. The present study shows that optimal structure of dispute settlement mechanism must include two different procedures: one for political issues and the other for commercial issues. The central role for the European Court of Justice must be envisaged as a part of politically oriented procedure. There must be no role for the European Court of Justice or any Union to set the pace of political communication. The latter reflects the interest of Great Britain to simplify economic relations, which means that, firstly, disputes are resolved by independent arbiters; secondly, the EU acknowledges the UK’s right to diverge from European regulations; and thirdly, the UK accepts the EU’s right to impose countervailing duties to compensate for adverse effects of divergence on competition. This article also examines the main problems of future British regulatory policy, especially in the field of state aid. Boris Johnson’s government has decided not to form a full-fledged regulatory regime in the area of state aid. Its stance is politically appropriate since Conservative party manifesto for the 2019 general election promised to support local industries without limitations. But that decision created a great deal of economic risk. Firstly, the absence of a domestic subsidy control regulator can cause chaos within regulation system because workable norms and rules can only be sustained by a tight enforcement mechanism. Secondly, the EU can cite lack of subsidy control as an obstacle for British business to have unrestricted access to the European market.
20
Albakjaji, Mohamad, Jackson Adams, Hala Almahmoud e Amer Sharafaldean Al Shishany. "The Legal Dilemma in Governing the Privacy Right of E-Commerce Users". International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology 11, n.º 4 (outubro de 2020): 166–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.2020100110.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Protecting users' privacy rights has become a great challenge during the age of technological advancement in areas of digital media and digital communication, such as the internet and e-commerce. Dissemination of personal data over networks has become quite easy, widespread, and uncontrollable. This has created various concerns for online consumers in regard to privacy breaches and made it quite difficult for current regulations and statutes to address data confidentiality violations in many national states. Therefore, the paper discusses one of the contemporary challenging issues: the challenge of new technology and e-commerce to the right to privacy. The aim of this paper is to investigate the implementation of the right to privacy and the effectiveness of the current USA legal system in governing online transactions by drawing on the various notions embedded in the concept of privacy in general and e-privacy in particular. The method adopted for the legal perspective is case studies, where the USA legal context will be explored.
21
Burmistrova, E. S., e A. A. Chuprikova. "FAR-RIGHT POLITICAL FORCES OF THE USA AND GREAT BRITAIN: IN SEARCH OF ANSWERS TO THREATS TO NATIONAL IDENTITY". Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 3, n.º 3 (25 de setembro de 2019): 339–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2019-3-3-339-351.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article attempts to analyze the rhetoric and methods of promoting the ideas of far-right groups in the United States of America and Great Britain in the context of immigration processes and the multiculturalism policy connected with them. The authors draw attention to the tendency that right-wing radical groups hold different positions: from moderate to most radical. The focus of the study is on comparing the tactics and discourse of such organizations whose degrees of radicalism differ because of their positions on the problem of national identity. The study attempts to highlight the activities of previously unexplored right-wing radical groups in the United States and Great Britain. The focus is on “Proud Guys” and “Generation of Identity”, trying to create a socially acceptable image; Richard Spencer and Tomi Robinson, who are trying on the image of extreme right-wing leaders; Andrew Anglin and members of "National Action", who occupy ultra right positions in expressing their views. The study deals with a massive selection of sources: mass media materials, statistical reports of public organizations and accessible official resources of right-wing forces. The authors conclude that the modern far-right associations of the USA and Great Britain are similar on the agenda and in its implementation. The main enemies of the right radicals are immigrants, Muslims, Jews and feminists. In this sense, adepts of such ideas constitute a threat to the stability of a democratic society.
22
Irtaimeh, Wejdan Suleiman. "Criminal Protection of Privacy in the Jordanian Cybercrime Law No. 27 of 2015". Asian Social Science 16, n.º 12 (30 de novembro de 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v16n12p64.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study deals with the issue of criminal protection of privacy in the Jordanian Cybercrime Law No. 27 of 2015, as the great developments in computer technologies and the widespread use of the Internet have led to the emergence of new forms of electronic crimes related to the protection of the privacy of individuals. The study indicated that the Jordanian legislator did not include in the Jordanian Constitution or in the Cybercrime Law any definition of the right to privacy that delineates its boundaries and clarifies its features. The study concluded that the Cybercrime Law was ambiguous in some of its articles, especially those related to the protection of the right to privacy. The Jordanian legislator did not include special provisions that explicitly criminalize assault on privacy, as it included provisions for other crimes that include assault on this right, which made it lose clarity, precision and accuracy of wording. Moreover, such provisions omitted other forms of electronic crimes related to the right to privacy, which constituted a legislative deficiency. The study concludes that there is a need to amend the Cybercrime Law No. 27 of 2017 and to have explicit provisions that stipulate the criminalization of assault on privacy, as well as the need to issue a special law to protect the personal information of individuals.
23
Baker, C. Edwin. "AUTONOMY AND INFORMATIONAL PRIVACY, OR GOSSIP: THE CENTRAL MEANING OF THE FIRST AMENDMENT". Social Philosophy and Policy 21, n.º 2 (4 de junho de 2004): 215–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052504212092.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
My thesis is simple. The right of informational privacy, the great modern achievement often attributed to the classic Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis article, “The Right to Privacy” (1890), asserts an individual's right not to have private personal information circulated. Warren and Brandeis claimed that individual dignity in a modern society requires that people be able to keep their private lives to themselves and proposed that the common law should be understood to protect this dignity by making dissemination of private information a tort. As broadly stated, this right not to have private information distributed directly conflicts with a broadly conceived freedom of speech and of the press. My claim is that, in cases of conflict, the law should reject the Warren and Brandeis innovation. Speech and press freedom should prevail; the privacy tort should be ignored. This conclusion requires a normative argument concerning the appropriate basis and status of speech freedom that this essay will not really provide but for which I have argued elsewhere. Here, instead, I will describe that theory of speech freedom, explore its implications for informational privacy, and finally suggest some reasons to think that rejection of the privacy tort should not be so troubling and is, in fact, pragmatically desirable.
24
Cormack, A. "Is the Subject Access Right Now Too Great a Threat to Privacy?" European Data Protection Law Review 2, n.º 1 (2016): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/edpl/2016/1/5.
Texto completo da fonte
25
Narayan, Ashwin. "Current regulations will not protect patient privacy in the age of machine learning". MIT Science Policy Review 1 (20 de agosto de 2020): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.38105/spr.ax4o7jkyr3.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Machine learning (ML) has shown great promise in advancing health outcomes by parsing ever more effectively through massive clinical and genomic datasets. These advances are tempered by fears that they come at the cost of privacy. Since data relating to health are particularly sensitive because of immutability and comprehensiveness, these privacy concerns must be seriously addressed. We consider examples (the Golden State Killer, the Personal Genome Project, and the rise of wearable fitness trackers) where the tension between technological progress and lost privacy is already apparent. We discuss, in light of ML capabilities, the current state of privacy regulation in healthcare. We note the Constitutional right to privacy does not yet in general protect voluntary disclosures of data; HIPAA, the current law regulating healthcare data in the US, does not apply to the burgeoning field of healthcare-adjacent companies and organizations collecting health data; and access controls remain subject to re-identification attacks. We then discuss the active research in algorithmic paradigms for privacy, highlighting their promise but also their limitations. In order to encourage technological progress, reframing privacy for the age of ML might involve extending the Constitutional right to privacy, extending the applicability of HIPAA, and/or enforcing transparent privacy policies.
26
Datskiv, I. "Peculiarities of Ukrainian-British Diplomatic Relations During the Ukrainian Revolution (1917-1921)". Problems of World History, n.º 4 (8 de junho de 2017): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2017-4-11.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This article analyzes the foreign policy of Great Britain to Ukraine in 1917-1921 years. Features of relations between England and the Ukrainian governments during national liberation movement are shown. The impact of Great Britain on the political formation and the development of Ukrainian statehood is revealed International, political and military background of the Ukrainian-British rapprochement in revolutionary days is clarified . It is indicated that an important factor shifted foreign policy orientation towards the Entente was the participation of the Ukrainian delegation under the leadership of I. Korostovetzin in the conference of Entente states in Iasi in early November 1918. It is established that interest in Ukraine and its struggle for statehood was shown by foreign diplomats accredited to the government of UРR. Consular offices of the Entente (including Great Britain) and neutral states continued their activities in Ukraine. It is shown that Great Britain and other Entente powers ignored the legitimate right of the Ukrainian people for national independence and the unity of its lands.
27
Blank, Grant, e Christoph Lutz. "Benefits and harms from Internet use: A differentiated analysis of Great Britain". New Media & Society 20, n.º 2 (7 de setembro de 2016): 618–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816667135.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Recent studies have enhanced our understanding of digital divides by investigating outcomes of Internet use. We extend this research to analyse positive and negative outcomes of Internet use in the United Kingdom. We apply structural equation modelling to data from a large Internet survey to compare the social structuration of Internet benefits with harms. We find that highly educated users benefit most from using the web. Elderly individuals benefit more than younger ones. Next to demographic characteristics, technology attitudes are the strongest predictors of online benefits. The harms from using the Internet are structured differently, with educated users and those with high levels of privacy concerns being most susceptible to harm. This runs counter to intuitions based on prior digital divide research, where those at the margins should be most at risk. While previous research on digital inequality has only looked at benefits, the inclusion of harms draws a more differentiated picture.
28
Steenbergen, Marco R., e Tomasz Siczek. "Better the devil you know? Risk-taking, globalization and populism in Great Britain". European Union Politics 18, n.º 1 (29 de janeiro de 2017): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116516681858.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Right-wing populist parties in European democracies appeal to citizens’ feelings of uncertainty related to globalization by promoting tough immigration laws and curbing the power of the European Union. This article adds to our understanding of how individuals’ risk propensity relates to support for right-wing populist parties and their ideas in the context of globalization. In particular, by drawing on survey data from the United Kingdom we investigate how this personality trait relates to support for the United Kingdom Independence Party and the vote for a British exit from the European Union. The article explores the complex interplay between risk propensity and right-wing populist appeals by dissecting the direct, indirect and total effects of this trait.
29
Troy, Edwin S. Flores. "The Genetic Privacy Act: An Analysis of Privacy and Research Concerns". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 25, n.º 4 (1997): 256–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1997.tb01408.x.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In the last few years, a great deal of attention has been paid to the effects that the achievements of the Human Genome Project will have on the confidentiality of medical information. The Genetic Privacy Act (GPA) is an attempt to address the privacy, confidentiality, and property rights relating to obtaining, requesting, using, storing, and disposing of genetic material. The GPA grew out of concerns over the vast amount of genetic information that is a product of the Human Genome Project. The central goals of the GPA are twofold: (1) to define an individual's right to control access to their genetic material and the privilege to control the information derived therefrom; and (2) to prevent potential and actual abuse of genetic information by third parties, such as insurance companies, employers, and government. The GPA is one of a group of proposals that seek to control the flow of medical information from the individual to health care professionals and to other persons.
30
Becher, Stefan, Armin Gerl, Bianca Meier e Felix Bölz. "Big Picture on Privacy Enhancing Technologies in e-Health: A Holistic Personal Privacy Workflow". Information 11, n.º 7 (8 de julho de 2020): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11070356.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The collection and processing of personal data offers great opportunities for technological advances, but the accumulation of vast amounts of personal data also increases the risk of misuse for malicious intentions, especially in health care. Therefore, personal data are legally protected, e.g., by the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which states that individuals must be transparently informed and have the right to take control over the processing of their personal data. In real applications privacy policies are used to fulfill these requirements which can be negotiated via user interfaces. The literature proposes privacy languages as an electronic format for privacy policies while the users privacy preferences are represented by preference languages. However, this is only the beginning of the personal data life-cycle, which also includes the processing of personal data and its transfer to various stakeholders. In this work we define a personal privacy workflow, considering the negotiation of privacy policies, privacy-preserving processing and secondary use of personal data, in context of health care data processing to survey applicable Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) to ensure the individuals’ privacy. Based on a broad literature review we identify open research questions for each step of the workflow.
31
Azevedo, Janaína Amaral. "Importance of criminalising the practice of stalking in the protection of the right of freedom and privacy in the digital sphere". RCMOS - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar O Saber 2, n.º 2 (22 de janeiro de 2024): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v2i2.430.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This article deals with the importance of typifying the practice of persecution known as stalking in Brazil, through Law n. 14.132/2021 for the protection of the right to liberty and privacy. In this way, the objective was to analyze the constitutional protection of the rights of freedom and privacy and how the criminalization of stalking in Brazil impacts on this protection. To achieve this objective, the methodology used for the research was the deductive method and literary review. Because it is a new topic, os its wording in the penal code, the use of periodicals and relevant doctrine became essential. It was concluded that stalking is a crime that violates fundamental constitutional rights, having a great impact on the victim’s freedom and privacy.
32
Ivanov, DMITRY V., e VALERIA V. Pchelintseva. "INTERNATIONAL LAW ASPECTS OF THE POST-BREXIT MIGRATION POLICY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM". Journal of Law and Administration 18, n.º 4 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2022-4-65-34-46.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Introduction. In March 2022, the Home Office of the United Kingdom of Great Britain published the Statement on New Immigration Plan according to which persons having no right to reside on its territory would be removed to “safe third countries” according to the agreements with such states. On April 13th, 2022, a Memorandum of Understanding between Great Britain and Rwanda was signed prescribing that persons whose applications for asylum were not considered by Great Britain be removed to Rwanda for those applications to be considered by the latter. Incompatibility of the contemporary immigration policy of Great Britain with its international law obligations justifies the topicality of the assessment of its implications for codification and progressive development of international law. Materials and Methods. The assessment of the contemporary immigration policy of Great Britain from the standpoint of international law includes the matching of the provisions of the international and national acts adopted by Great Britain as well as official statements of its state bodies and officials and the provisions of universal treaties and “soft law” acts. The writings of the publicists studying international law aspects of forced migration, asylum and human rights served as theoretical framework of the present study. Research Results. The assessment of the Memorandum of Understanding reveals the incompatibility of its provisions with the international law norms on asylum and human rights. Such international law policy of the state should be regarded as an example of rejection of international law which is referred to as “international law nihilism” in Russian legal doctrine.Discussions and conclusions. The authors argue that further adoption of legal and political measures contrary to states’ obligations under treaties and international custom as well as the absence of expressed official positions of states with regards to such measures may have an impact on construction and application of international law norms governing legal status of forced migrants.
33
Lutsenko, N. "EVOLUTION OF SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN US AND UK DURING DONALD TRUMP`S ADMINISTRATION". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, n.º 149 (2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2021.149.8.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
An article is an attempt to study «special relationships» between the United States and Great Britain. The author mentioned that the presidential elections in the USA and the fact that Donald Trump became a new president reflected on the relationships between the United States and Great Britain. The attention is given to the role of personality in states’ relationships. The article illustrates that Donald Trump`s populism in his speeches played a negative role for making stable relationships with the UK. More specifically, Donald Trump's criticism of London's mayor Sadiq Khan, Scotland Yard evocated a negative social reaction in Great Britain. As shown in the article, the citizens of the United Kingdom were shocked by Donald Trump`s islamophobia and his Facebook post of the far-right organization «Britain first». Indeed, it was the reason for massive protests during Donald Trump's official visit to the United Kingdom in 2018. The reference should be made to the fact that in 2016 the UK citizens decided to leave European Union. Despite the fact that Donald Trump approved this decision he criticized British prime-minister Theresa May for soft Brexit. As shown in the article contrary to the strong criticism of the British government Donald Trump visited Great Britain three times during his presidential term. These official trips were directed on normalization of Anglo-American relationships. Queen Elizabeth twice met Donald Trump and they both mentioned that special relationships are important for their countries. Research has shown that during Boris Johnson’s premiership US-UK relations became stronger. This factor is due to close Trump`s and Johnson's political views. The article illustrates that the United States and Great Britain still have special relationships. Countries have strong intelligence, military and nuclear cooperation. Both the US and the UK are still key economical partners and they are interested in safety relationships.
34
karimi, Abdulrahman. "حق حریم خصوصی و چالشهای فراروی آن در عصر تکنالوژی". ghalib quarterly journal 13, n.º 1 (20 de março de 2024): 82–159. http://dx.doi.org/10.58342/ghalibqj.v.13.i.1.8.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Privacy is a legal right that holds a special place in international laws and the laws of various countries. It has always been protected by lawmakers in the international and domestic arena. The era of information and digital technology has brought about significant changes in society, along with threats to individuals' privacy. Understanding the challenges and threats to privacy in this era is of great importance. The aim of this research is to examine the challenges to privacy and instances of its violation through technology in the digital age. The research question is what are the challenges to privacy in the age of technology, and in what cases has technology led to the violation of individuals' privacy? This research utilizes an analytical-descriptive method and employs library tools for data collection. The findings of this research show that technology is one of the biggest threats to privacy in the current era. Instances such as data breaches, phishing attacks, cyber extortion, social engineering, identity theft, unauthorized access to information through insecure public Wi-Fi networks, information vulnerability through the Internet of Things, exposure of information to the public, invasion of privacy through data mining and profiling, and cyber espionage all contribute to the violation of individuals' privacy.
35
Husbands, Christopher T. "Extreme right‐wing politics in great Britain: The recent marginalisation of the national front". West European Politics 11, n.º 2 (abril de 1988): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402388808424682.
Texto completo da fonte
36
Gest, Justin, Tyler Reny e Jeremy Mayer. "Roots of the Radical Right: Nostalgic Deprivation in the United States and Britain". Comparative Political Studies 51, n.º 13 (20 de julho de 2017): 1694–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414017720705.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Following trends in Europe over the past decade, support for the Radical Right has recently grown more significant in the United States and the United Kingdom. While the United Kingdom has witnessed the rise of Radical Right fringe groups, the United States’ political spectrum has been altered by the Tea Party and the election of Donald Trump. This article asks what predicts White individuals’ support for such groups. In original, representative surveys of White individuals in Great Britain and the United States, we use an innovative technique to measure subjective social, political, and economic status that captures individuals’ perceptions of increasing or decreasing deprivation over time. We then analyze the impact of these deprivation measures on support for the Radical Right among Republicans (Conservatives), Democrats (Labourites), and Independents. We show that nostalgic deprivation among White respondents drives support for the Radical Right in the United Kingdom and the United States.
37
Wan Mohd Isa, Wan Abdul Rahim, Ahmad Iqbal Hakim Suhaimi, Nurulhuda Noordin e Mohd Sabry Mohd Safiq. "The influence of Islamic culture on information privacy: case of Malaysia’s computer professionals". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, n.º 2 (1 de novembro de 2020): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp910-916.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
<p>In today's era of vulnerability and volatility, technologies in an organization evolving faster than the traditional landscape. Thus, sets the stage for trust and privacy concern for all the data that flying around in the database. Research on cultural aspects toward privacy starting to attract more ongoing research effort especially in Islamic religious culture. Islam gives great importance to the fundamental human right to privacy. This study aims to investigate Islamic cultural influences on Malaysia's computer professionals' self-regulatory efficacy towards the protection of personal information privacy by adapting the research frameworks of previous works. Further, data for this research obtained through the survey with computer professionals. Out of 226 respondents, 208 data are valid and usable for this study. Spearman's Rank Order Correlation was used to determine the relationship between culture and Information privacy self-regulatory efficacy dimensions. The findings from this research could provide a better understanding of the subject matter and be used as the basis for future studies.</p>
38
Andreeva, T. "Great Britain and Processes of the European Integration after Euro Crisis". World Economy and International Relations, n.º 11 (2014): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-11-40-47.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The paper is devoted to the Great Britain's stance on the promoting of European integration towards creation of a federal state, after the euro crisis. It focuses on advantages and losses of the British policy in the EU. There are standpoints and views of four main political parties of Great Britain on the country's secession from the EU as well as the results of both local elections and elections for the European Parliament which reveal the rise of the right secessionist and anti-European moods in British society. The author also considers the European nations' present views and attitudes to the European idea. The following questions are answered in the article: Do the anti-European moods exert the crucial and lasting effect on British European policy? Is it better and more profitable for Britain to stay within the organization taking an active part in the integration process, or to withdraw from it?
39
Atapin, Evgenii. "Evolution of British Euroscepticism in the Second Half of the 20th Century". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, n.º 5 (dezembro de 2022): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.5.13.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Introduction. The United Kingdom is the most prominent example of a Eurosceptic country in the EU. For many years the United Kingdom did not feel a part of Europe. Great Britain was geographically separated from continental Europe and psychologically distant from the European integration movement established by the 1957 Treaty of Rome. The British Eurosceptic tradition rested on these geographic and psychological characteristics. Eurosceptic traditions included political, economic, linguistic, cultural and historical aspects that made it difficult for the United Kingdom to accept European integration. Methods and materials. The research methodology is based on narrative and comparative methods. The materials of the study incorporate statements of certain British politicians about attitudes towards European integration, works devoted to the analysis of Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom and manifestos of some far-right political parties. Analysis. A study of the attitude to European integration of the two main political forces of Great Britain, namely the Conservative and the Labour Parties, in the second half of the 20th century is carried out. Results. The study results in the creation of a periodization of British Euroscepticism in the second half of the 20th century. Three stages of evolution of British Euroscepticism in the period under study are distinguished: 1) the stage preceding the entry of Great Britain into the European Communities, conventionally called “Labour”; 2) the stage of the United Kingdom’s participation in the “common market”, conventionally called “Conservative”; 3) the stage of Britain’s participation in the European Union, conventionally called “Right-wing populist”. Their chronological framework is established and their main characteristics are given.
40
Reventlow, Nani Jansen. "Can the GDPR and Freedom of Expression Coexist?" AJIL Unbound 114 (2020): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2019.77.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) imposes important transparency and accountability requirements on different actors who process personal data. This is great news for the protection of individual data privacy. However, given that “personal information and human stories are the raw material of journalism,” what does the GDPR mean for freedom of expression and especially for journalistic activity? This essay argues that, although EU states seem to have taken their data protection obligations under the GDPR seriously, efforts to balance this against the right to freedom of expression have been more uneven. The essay concludes that it is of key importance to ensure that the GDPR's safeguards for data privacy do not compromise a free press.
41
Rao, N. Raghava, Madhuri Kovoor, G. Nanda Kishor Kumar e D. V. Lalita Parameswari. "Security and Privacy in Smart Farming: Challenges and Opportunities". International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, n.º 7s (13 de julho de 2023): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i7s.7006.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Agriculture is basic source of livelihood of people in india. It plays major role in economy of country. But now a days due to migration of people from rural to urban there is hindrance in agriculture.Monitoring the environmental factor is not the complete solution to increase the yield of crops.There are number of factors that decrease the productivity to a great extent. Hence automation must be implemented in agriculture to overcome these problems.An automation Irrigation system there by saving time ,money and power of farmer.The traditional farm land irrigation techniques require manual intervention.With the automated technology of irrigation,the human intervention can be minimized.Continuous sensing and monitoring of crops by convergence of sensors with Internet Of Things(IOT) and making farmers aware about crops growth,harvest time periodically and in turn making high productivity of crops and also ensuring correct delivery of products to end,consumers at right place and right time. So to overcome this problem we go for smart agriculture technique using IOT.This project includes sensors such as temperature,humidity,soil moisture for collection of field data and processed.These sensors are combined with well established web technology in the form of wireless sensor networks to remotely control and monitor data from the sensors.
42
Murjan, S., M. Shepherd e B. G. Ferguson. "What services are available for the treatment of transsexuals in Great Britain?" Psychiatric Bulletin 26, n.º 6 (junho de 2002): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.6.210.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
AIMS AND METHODWe conducted a questionnaire survey of all 120 health authorities and boards responsible for the commissioning of services for the assessment and treatment of transsexual people in England, Scotland and Wales, in order to identify the nature of the input offered and assess conformity to current international standards of care.RESULTSEighty-two per cent of the commissioning authorities responded and confirmed that most health authorities/boards provide a full service for the treatment of transsexuals, although this would be delivered at a local level in only 20% of cases. However, 11 commissioning authorities gave confused and inaccurate responses and three other health authorities appear to hold views on the commissioning of these specialist services that are not in keeping with the current legal situation and a recent High Court ruling, which establishes the right of transsexual people to NHS assessment and treatment.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONSThere are discrepancies in prioritisation and provision of clinical services for this group that are not standard across Great Britain.
43
Beck, Thomas J. "The Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (RAI)‐‐Wiley Digital Archives". Charleston Advisor 21, n.º 2 (1 de outubro de 2019): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.21.2.34.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (RAI) is a scholarly association dedicated to the study of anthropology. It has an extensive collection of archival and manuscript materials on this topic. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has partnered with RAI to create this Wiley Digital Archive collection of their content. Wiley has digitized everything at RAI that they possibly could, save those items that are unavailable for reasons of privacy, copyright, or sensitivity. RAI internal papers and correspondence in the database generally go back to 1967, though some materials are older than that. It offers tens of thousands of manuscripts and photographs, and over one hundred maps.This database provides a number of searching and browsing options that can be used to locate its various documents and images. Although both options can be used effectively and are generally understandable, each has its idiosyncrasies that might confuse or frustrate users. The type, quality, and age of documents and images in this database vary considerably. These include, but are not limited to, notes, papers, and handwritten letters. Some of these can be difficult to read. However, this is not an uncommon problem with primary documents, like those found in this database.Pricing for this database can vary substantially, and depends on FTE and institution type. For certain institutions, with an FTE of 3,000 or less, pricing is relatively economical, while for those with higher FTEs it grows increasingly expensive, and may ultimately prove unaffordable for some.While the quality and quantity of this database’s content is relatively high, it will generally not be useful to students looking for introductory materials on anthropology and related disciplines. Instead, it will be far more valuable to those doing more in-depth research in these areas, including those hoping to augment research already done using other resources. The licensing agreement for this database is in most ways a standard one, but it’s vague on the question of fees, so purchasers should clarify this issue with the vendor before proceeding.
44
PAZHVAK, S. B. "THE OUTBREAK OF THE GREEK CIVIL WAR (1946-1949) THROUGH THE EYES OF THE BRITISH NEWSPAPER "DAILY HERALD"". Scientific Notes of Orel State University 98, n.º 1 (26 de março de 2023): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/1998-2720-2023-98-1-68-72.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The British Labour newspaper "Daily Herald" actively covered the events on the eve of the Greek Civil War (19461949). Correspondents described the role of Great Britain, the confrontation of the right and left Greek forces in the elections, plebiscite and battlefield. The country found itself at the junction of a bipolar system of international relations. No less significant events took place on the information front.
45
Adams, Andrew A., Juan Carlos Yáñez-Luna, Pedro I. González Ramírez, Mario Arias-Oliva e Kiyoshi Murata. "The social impact of Snowden’s revelations on Mexican youngsters". Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 15, n.º 3 (14 de agosto de 2017): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-01-2017-0003.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Purpose As part of an international study of knowledge of and attitudes to Snowden’s revelations about the activities of the National Security Agency/Government Communications Headquarters, this paper aims to deal with Mexico, taking its socio-cultural and political environment surrounding privacy and state surveillance into account. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was answered by 160 Mexican University students. The quantitative responses to the survey were statistically analysed as well as qualitative considerations of free text answers. Findings Snowden’s revelations have had a limited influence over Mexican youngsters’ attitudes toward privacy and state surveillance, although there is a great awareness by Mexican young people of individual rights issues. Practical implications The study results imply a need to build a collective awareness of the importance of the right to privacy and its responsibilities, the available technological options for individuals to exert their own privacy and security and the democratic means to agree and enforce appropriate legal restrictions on state surveillance. Social implications The results of this study based indicate an urgent necessity for providing Mexican youngsters with opportunities to learn more about privacy, liberty, individual autonomy and national security. Originality/value This study is the first attempt to investigate the social impact of Snowden’s revelations on Mexican students’ attitudes toward privacy and state surveillance as part of cross-cultural analyses between eight countries.
46
Rico, José M. "L’indemnisation des victimes d’actes criminels". Acta Criminologica 1, n.º 1 (19 de janeiro de 2006): 261–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017003ar.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract COMPENSATION TO VICTIMS OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES The system of composition, which was developed during the Middle Ages, especially under Germanic penal law, represents not only an abatement of the system of collective vengeance characteristic of this era, but also the first step towards the principle of compensation to victims of criminal offences. With the development and consolidation of a strong central power, the State asked for a share of these transactions either in the form of sanction or as a price for its intervention. W^hen at last the central government obtained the full and exclusive right to inflict punishment and when private justice gave way to public justice, the State's share of compensation increased progressively and took the form of fines, while the victim's share gradually diminished and withdrew little by little from the penal system to become civil compensation for damages. Nevertheless, the total separation between public action, whose aim is to ensure punishment, and civil action, whose main object is to secure compensation to the victim, did not materialize until very recently. This principle of total separation, which was adopted by the classical school of criminal law, resulted in a complete overlooking of the victim's right to compensation, in daily legal practice. New solutions were therefore proposed to remedy this deficiency in the penal systems, the most original and daring being those to be found in the Spanish Penal Codes of 1822 and 1848 which compel the State to compensate victims of criminal offences when the wrong-doers or other responsible persons are unable to do so. This idea of compensation by the State to victims of crime, although taken lip and elaborated several years later by Bentham and the Italian Positivist School, had absolutely no repercussions as far as practice was concerned. It was only in the second half of the XXth Century that an Englishwoman, Margaret Fry, drew the attention to this problem. Inspired by her compatriot Bentham, Margaret Fry proclaimed that compensation for harm caused to victims of criminal violence should be assumed by the State. This was the starting point of a considerable development in the study of compensation to the victim. During the last ten years, not only were many papers and conferences devoted to the subject, but also many legislations adopted the progressive solution of conferring upon the State the task of compensating the victim of criminal offences. In most contemporary penal legislations, the dissociation between public and civil action has resulted in relegating the subject of compensation solely to the civil domain. A certain number of penal systems (France, Belgium, Germany, etc.), while accepting in principle the civil character of this matter, nevertheless offer the injured party the possibility of bringing his action for damages before criminal courts. A last group of systems (Spain, Italy, Switzerland) treat this problem within the framework of the criminal code, although in most cases they do nothing but repeat analogous paragraphs of the civil code. Upon examining these different methods of coping with the problem of compensating the victim for damages caused by criminal violence, we find that certain reforms were put into effect but that they chiefly hinge upon one preliminary question ~— the means available to the victim for bringing his case before the criminal courts and of engaging in the criminal procedure, to obtain recognition of his rights by the Court. However, it often happens that once the sentence has been passed, the victim is obliged to act on his own to recover the sum of the indemnity. Modern penal law, progressive and innovating as it is in certain respects, often neglects the victim of crime. Certain solutions were proposed and even introduced into positive penal legislations, in view of securing for the injured party, as much as possible, the recovery of the compensation decided upon by the courts in his favour, especially in cases where the offender is destitute. Among such solutions, one should stress legal solidarity between co-delinquents, priority accorded to the compensation debt, accessory imprisonment, compulsory work in prison and in liberty, compulsory insurance and the creation of a compensation fund. Similar proposals tend to consider compensation to the victim as an indispensable condition for the obtainment of certain privileges (pardon, parole, probation, legal rehabilitation, etc.). Due to the insufficiency of the classical systems and of the solutions destinated to secure compensation of the victim by the offender, one again began to wonder whether the State should not undertake the charge of repairing damages caused by crime. The main argument offered in favour of this system is the State's failure in preventing crime and in protecting its citiiens against felonious acts. Despite the numerous criticisms concerning the essentially judicial composition of the courts in charge of the application of the system as well as of the procedure to be followed, the infractions to be compensated, the amount to be paid and the total cost of the system, some countries have recognized the right of the victim to be compensated and consequently adopted measures to enforce this principle (New Zealand, 1963; Great Britain, 1964; States of California and New York, 1966; the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, 1967).
47
Shugurov, Mark Vladimirovich, e Yuliya Vadimovna Pechatnova. "The sanctions regimes of Germany and Great Britain in the field of international scientific cooperation with the participation of Russia: the political and legal nature and consequences". Международное право, n.º 4 (abril de 2023): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2644-5514.2023.4.44106.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article undertakes a political and legal analysis of the complications in the scientific and technical cooperation of Russia with Germany and Great Britain. Particular attention is paid to the identification of the subjects of the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions regimes, as well as the substantive characteristics of the varieties of unilateral restrictive measures in the field of scientific cooperation. The authors dwell in detail on the disclosure of the correlation of legal and asiological aspects of the introduction of sanctions restrictions. It was important to compare the sanctions regimes of Germany and Great Britain in terms of the dynamics, subject composition and content of unilateral restrictive measures. The study proves that the invasion of foreign policy interests by Germany and Great Britain into bilateral international scientific cooperation means the decline of the former era of scientific diplomacy. The main conclusion of the work is the provision that the suspension of cooperation with Russia in the scientific field does not result from violations by our country of its legal obligations in the field of bilateral international scientific cooperation. The gap in cooperation at the institutional level is supplemented by the assumption of informal scientific communication. But overly politicized demands for the continuation of this cooperation violate the right to freedom of scientific research. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in the framework of the subject area of research of scientific sanctions in a comparative way and in the context of modern theoretical developments, the content of the anti-Russian sanctions regimes of Germany and Great Britain, which are among Russia's main partners in the field of international scientific and technical cooperation, was revealed.
48
Inkin, V. V. "British Society in the reflection of the press: fascist sentiments among the World War I veterans in the 1930s". Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities 29, n.º 2 (27 de abril de 2024): 528–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2024-29-2-528-540.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Importance. The topic of the threat of fascist ideas and movements at the present stage is increasingly being brought up in the framework of public and scientific discussions. The coverage of this problem of the history of Great Britain in the 1930s is connected with the need to study the development of the features of fascism in society and in the society of veterans of the World War I. The novelty of the work is to consider the strengthening of the right-wing sentiments of part of the community of British war veterans in the 1930s, while fascism in Great Britain has been studied most widely by historical science in relation to political organizations and parties. Revealing the connection of veterans with the fascist movement will reveal the essence of the state ideology and the contradiction in public sentiment.Materials and Methods. Within the framework of a historical and systematic approach, the Fascist movement in Great Britain was considered as one of the features of the development of public sentiment. The problem of fascization of British society was the duality of political attitudes. On the one hand, representatives of British fascism were marginals, and on the other, prominent figures of the largest veterans’ organization, the British Legion, were the exponents of the ideas of fascism. Using the prosopographic method, the social and political activities of the World War I veterans were investigated.Results and Discussion. Based on the analysis of the development of Great Britain in the 1930s, the specifics of public sentiment are described. The veteran movement in the country adhered to various ideologies. By the mid-1930s, opinions arose among veteran leaders about the possibility of uniting with the fascists. During this period, the veterans of the World War I themselves, with the assistance of politicians and the aristocracy, as well as the support of capitalist circles, created right-wing radical organizations that openly adopted nationalist, anti-Semitic, and racist positions. The possibility of veterans coming under the influence of fascist organizations actually existed, given the numerous contacts and joint activities both within the UK itself and with foreign organizations and politicians (in particular, with the leaders of the Third Reich and Italy).Conclusion. Prominent figures of the veteran movement (in particular, the British Legion) are responsible for the development of fascism in the UK and have contributed to the policy of appeasing the aggressor. Their activities in the process of unleashing the World War II were derived from the prevailing socio-economic system. In the 1930s, veterans and their leaders became instruments and sometimes representatives of the interests of competing groups of the economically dominant class in Great Britain. Dissatisfaction with the policies of the British governments and the rise of fascist sentiment was reflected in social protest and criticism in the press.
49
Vasilyev, F. Yu. "PROBLEMS OF REALIZATION OF THE RIGHTS OF VICTIMS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS". Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 32, n.º 5 (5 de outubro de 2022): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2022-32-5-894-899.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The article deals with the features of a participant in criminal proceedings on the part of the prosecution-the victim. The author notes the high importance of observing the interests of the victim as a victim of a crime in criminal proceedings, which is one of the elements of the constitutional balance of interests in the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the features of procedural rights under the Statute of Criminal Proceedings of the Russian Empire before 1917. It is noted that the victim of the crime had a greater amount of rights in cases of private prosecution. The author analyzes the modern approach of the legislator in a number of European countries (Great Britain, the French Republic, the Swiss Confederation) to the protection of the rights of the victim of a crime in criminal proceedings. Attention is drawn to the fact that according to European legislators, the state, represented by its public bodies that carry out criminal prosecution, should not only bear greater responsibility for bringing the perpetrators to criminal responsibility, but also impose the burden of compensation for the damage caused to the victim of the crime. Several variants of approaches to solving the problem of improving the procedural status of the victim in the criminal proceedings of the Russian Federation are proposed. The author expresses an opinion on the practical solution of certain problems of protecting the rights of the victim in criminal proceedings, without making changes to the Russian criminal procedure legislation. The article is illustrated with examples from judicial practice.
50
Carpentier, Chantal. "La résolution 688 (1991) du Conseil de Sécurité : quel devoir d'ingérence?" Études internationales 23, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 279–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/703005ar.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
It has been said that Resolution 688 (1991) established a "right to interfere" for humanitarian reasons. This right - reference was even made to a "duty of humanitarian interference" - would allow third-party states to take the initiative of committing acts of humanitarian intervention on behalf of minorities subjected to ill treatment by the authorities of their country. Resolution 688 (1991), however, does not establish this right. Although the Security Council recognized itself as being competent to intervene, it did so because it had succeeded in identifying a threat to peace. Furthermore, although the United States, France, and Great Britain intervened, they were able to do so because they had breathed new life into humanitarian-motivated intervention by giving it the form of a sanction-intervention.