Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Prise des décisions basée sur le risque"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Prise des décisions basée sur le risque"
Dubard Barbosa, Saulo, e Luc Duquenne. "Les dérives des systèmes d’accompagnement sur la prise de décision et de risque dans la création d’entreprise : réflexions pour la recherche et pour la pratique". Revue internationale P.M.E. 29, n.º 3-4 (15 de dezembro de 2016): 193–239. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038337ar.
Texto completo da fonteHannah-Moffat, Kelly, Paula Maurutto e Sarah Turnbull. "Negotiated Risk: Actuarial Illusions and Discretion in Probation". Canadian journal of law and society 24, n.º 3 (dezembro de 2009): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100010097.
Texto completo da fonteHamizi, Kamel, e Souad Aouidane. "Should localized prostate cancer in the favourable group no longer be treated?" Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 8, n.º 2 (28 de dezembro de 2021): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmsra.2021.8213.
Texto completo da fonteCartier, Geneviève. "Le principe de précaution et la déférence judiciaire en droit administratif". Les Cahiers de droit 43, n.º 1 (12 de abril de 2005): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043703ar.
Texto completo da fonteFrintrup, Markus, e Dennis Hilgers. "Éléments moteurs et facteurs de risque de la viabilité financière locale allemande avec le revenu ajusté en point de mire". Revue Internationale des Sciences Administratives Vol. 90, n.º 1 (2 de abril de 2024): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/risa.901.0035.
Texto completo da fonteChampredon, David, Aamir Fazil e Nicholas H. Ogden. "Méthodes simples de modélisation mathématique pour évaluer le risque de transmission du SRAS-CoV-2 pendant les rassemblements". Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada 47, n.º 04 (7 de maio de 2021): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v47i04a02f.
Texto completo da fonteHaid, Sabrina. "Brèves de l’EULAR 2015 Polyarthrite rhumatoïde – hors traitement". Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 2, n.º 1 (15 de setembro de 2015): S4—S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjms.2015.s213.
Texto completo da fonteSpranzi, Marta, Nicolas Foureur e Virginie Faidherbe. "D’une « éthique d’exception » à une éthique de la santé publique. Patients et proches face à la COVID-19. Éthique et santé publique en temps de COVID-19". Santé Publique 36, n.º 1 (5 de abril de 2024): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/spub.241.0097.
Texto completo da fonteToutain, Pierre-Louis, e Aude Ferran. "Lutte contre le dopage et contrôle des médications chez le cheval de course et de sport : origine et mise en oeuvre des informations fournies aux prescripteurs pour un usage raisonné des médicaments". Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire équine 14, n.º 53 (2021): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/npvequi/53015.
Texto completo da fontePOUCHAIN, D., R. BOUSSAGEON e E. FERRAT. "DECRYPTER LA NATURE ET LA QUANTITE DES BENEFICES ET DES RISQUES DES VACCINS ARN MESSAGER POUR PREVENIR LA COVID-19". EXERCER 32, n.º 170 (1 de fevereiro de 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2021.170.71.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Prise des décisions basée sur le risque"
Santos, Joël. "L’aversion extrême aux risques majeurs : une approche économique basée sur le modèle de l’utilité espérée dépendante des rangs". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12011.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of this thesis is to characterize individuals’ aversion to major risks. This characterization relies on the notion of willingness-to-pay (to avoid this type of risks) and calls for the expected utility (EU) model and the rank-dependent expected utility (RDEU) model developed by Quiggin (1982). These models identically deal with monetary consequences but differ as regards to the treatment of probabilities. In the context of major risks, RDEU leads to a potentially high overvaluation of very low probabilities. Based on an approximation method of willingness-to-pay that is well-suited to the study of major risks, we show that the willingness-to-pay of an RDEU decision-maker may be substantially higher than the willingness-to-pay of an EU decision-maker. In particular, the extent of this difference in terms of willingness-to-pay is strictly equivalent to the extent of the subjective overvaluation of very small objective probabilities of loss. In addition to this theoretical result, this thesis leads an experimental investigation that uses the (gamble-)tradeoff method of elicitation (Deneffe & Wakker, 1996). The experiment confirms the standard result of the RDEU model according to which individuals overweight very small probabilities. This experiment also emphasizes on the fact that such overweighting is all the more so large as the objective probability is small. Using both theoretical and experimental results of this thesis we eventually investigate the case of the subjective cost of major risks, dealing with a serious nuclear accident in particular. Our results show that this cost translates into willingness-to-pay levels that are way higher under RDEU than under EU. Such differences between the two models as regards to willingness-to-pay unambiguously show the impact of the extent of overweighting of very small probabilities on the characterization of individual behaviors towards major risks
Chelouati, Mohammed. "Contributions to safety assurance of autonomous trains". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2014.
Texto completo da fonteThe deployment of autonomous trains raises many questions and challenges, particularly concerning the required safety level, which must be globally at least equivalent to that of the existing systems, along with how to achieve it. Conventionally, ensuring the safety of a global railway system or a defined subsystem includes analyzing risks and effectively handling dangerous situations. Therefore, for any technical railway system, whether it is conventional, automatic, or autonomous, an acceptable level of safety must be ensured. In the context of autonomous trains, safety challenges include aspects related to the use of artificial intelligence models, the transfer of tasks and responsibilities from the driver to automatic decision-making systems, and issues related to autonomy, such as mode transitions and management of degraded modes. Thus, the safety demonstration methodology for autonomous trains must take into account the risks generated by all these aspects. In other words, it must define all the safety activities (related to the introduction of autonomy and artificial intelligence systems), complementary to conventional safety demonstration. In this context, this dissertation proposes three main contributions towards the development of a safety assurance methodology for autonomous trains. Firstly, we establish a high-level framework for structuring and presenting safety arguments for autonomous trains. This framework is based on a goal-based approach represented by the graphical modeling Goal Structuring Notation (GSN). Then, we propose a model for the situational awareness of the automated driving system of an autonomous train, that integrating the process of dynamic risk assessment. This model enables the automated driving system to perceive, understand, anticipate and adapt its behavior to unknown situations while making safe decisions. This model is illustrated through a case study related to the obstacle detection and avoidance. Finally, we develop a decision-making approach based on dynamic risk assessment. The approach is based on Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDP) and aims to ensure continuous environmental monitoring to guarantee operational safety, particularly collision prevention. The approach is based on maintaining an acceptable level of risk through continuous estimation and updating of the train's operational state and environmental perception data
Baratin, Clarissa. "Réseaux cognitifs sous-jacents à la prise de décision basée sur la valeur". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALS006.
Texto completo da fonteHow do we decide between different options? This question, which has inspired generations of economists and psychologists, has now entered the realm of cognitive neuroscience, where it has evolved into: how does our brain implement a decision between different options? The underlying mechanisms have often been decomposed into several stages. First, a valuation stage would occur, where each option under consideration is assigned a subjective value. Then comes the comparison stage, where the subjective values of different options are compared, and finally the selection stage, where one of the options is chosen. The valuation stage is thought to recruit a fronto-striatal network, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which encodes the values of pleasant stimuli on an abstract common scale. The encoding of unpleasant stimuli is comparatively less well understood, but might recruit the anterior insular cortex (aIns). Comparison and selection processes are thought to involve the neural representation of chosen and unchosen option values relative to each other. However, the dynamics of this encoding may depend on the goal of the task (e.g. “choosing the best options” vs “choosing the worst option”). Finally, decision-making processes may be influenced by pre-stimulus activity endogenous to the brain, leading to variability in the choices made. In this thesis, we investigate how these three different factors: valence, task goal, and endogenous activity, interact with the neural mechanisms underlying value-based decision-making. To do so, in a first study, intracranial EEG (iEEG) data was acquired from 30 epileptic patients while they evaluated pleasant and unpleasant stimuli, prior to making binary decisions, which were manipulated in terms of valence and goal. In a second study involving 10 epileptic patients, an iEEG brain-computer interface setup was used to assess the effect of pre-stimulus activity on multi-attribute choice behavior. Our findings shed light on the neural underpinnings of valuation and comparison processes, by showcasing an encoding of pleasant and unpleasant values in the vmPFC and aIns, describing how task goal modulates the representation of choice values in these regions, and demonstrating an effect of vmPFC/aIns pre-stimulus activity on choice behavior
Clément, Antoine. "Proposition d'indicateurs de robustesse basés sur la prise en compte des risques afin d'évaluer les tournées de transport routier de marchandises". Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EMAC0007.
Texto completo da fonteThe work presented in this thesis aims to answer a problem of decision support for the selection of a delivery schedule in the field of road freight transport and, particularly, for the last mile delivery. The role of the planner is crucial to ensure the respect of the customer's requirements and the success of the transport company. More than building a feasible planning, the planner must select, among several possible schedules, the one that ensures the best efficiency of the resources of the company whatever the situations to come. Indeed, tours are frequently confronted with a multitude of disturbances, whether endogenous or exogenous. The problem addressed in this thesis is: "How to help a planner to select a schedule in a risky context?". Two main contributions are presented in this thesis. Our first contribution aims to propose a mechanism for automatic identification and evaluation of the risks related to a daily delivery schedule. These mechanisms are based on the characterization of generic dangers that can be automatically instantiated on a delivery schedule activity based on contextual characteristics of this activity. Thus, when a planning activity is confronted with a danger, a risk is generated on this activity to materialize the execution deviations (delays) generated by the disruptive event. A methodology for evaluating the impact of risks on the execution of the tours and risk scenarios, based on the characteristics (probability, impacts) of each risk, is also presented. Our second contribution consists of the proposal of specific indicators (the maximum delay of a delivery, the probability of respecting constraints of hour for the customer and the minimum of satisfactions) to measure the robustness of the delivery schedules in the face of the disturbances and a methodology for exploiting these indicators. The proposed indicators measure of the capacity of the schedule to meet the customer's requirements (quantity delivered, delivery schedule). An approach to exploit these indicators in the phase of selecting a schedule as in the aid to the negotiation of flexibility with the client is proposed. The work of this thesis is part of the ANR (National Research Agency) Smart Planning project. A case study from the project partner companies illustrates the contributions
Hachicha, Maroua. "Un modèle de prise de décision basé sur la performace des procesus métiers collaboratifs". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2028.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis focuses on improving the performance evaluation of collaborative business processes. It is about pursuing the evolution of the collaboration between the company and its partners. In the beginning, three abstraction levels were identified: Business, functional and application. Then, we developed a top-down approach from the business level to the application level. In the business level, different key performance indicators have been proposed through the ECOGRAI method. In the application level, we proposed an analytical repository containing functional technical indicators such as duration, input, output, and non-functional, including maturity, risk, and interoperability based on execution traces. We have thus proposed an ontological model in order to capitalize and enrich the semantics of the performance of these processes. We proposed a bottom-up model for the aggregation of technical indicators at the business level. The main objective of this aggregation is the correlation between the behavior of the aggregated business application from the execution and the evolution of the business indicators. Another business event management model was also proposed to consolidate the learning process of our approach. Moreover, to ensure the convergence of performance, we have combined traces management and business event management. This combination allows to accompany the evolution of the collaborative business processes during their execution. The aforementionedaccompaniment favors the obtaining of a diagnosis on performance to be used for decision-making. The latter is closely linked to the detection of alerts and particularly to the anticipation of deviations in performance as quickly as possible. To validate the scientific contribution of this thesis, a case study was carried out on a process of creation of quote within the framework of the European project FITMAN
Dahmani, Sarra. "Proposition d’un cadre méthodologique pour la gestion du processus de servicisation en entreprise industrielle : approche basée sur les risques décisionnels". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMSE0789/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe economic context marked by market saturation and constantly changing environment, the sustainability of traditional differentiation business strategies based on product innovation or decreased prices, is increasingly weakened. A new approach to development for industrial companies is to provide a service offering that can be substituted to product supply initially proposed by the company, it consists in offering an integrated product-service system (PSS). The user can thus benefit from the availability of products to meet his needs without owning them. The development of the transition to PSS within the manufacturing industry is a qualified scientific movement known as “servitization of manufacturing”.Servitization represents a major change for the management of industrial enterprises. This is a transition that involves significant challenges that can be: technical, managerial, and cultural. Its deployment in the enterprise carries different risks and confronts decision makers to several issues.This thesis proposes an overall methodological framework for integrating the consideration of decision risks in managing transition to an integrated PSS supply model. We consider servitization as a decision-making process carrying decisional risks that can be characterized and diagnosed with the purpose of improving decision-making capabilities of the business.This methodological framework is structured around the components of modeling servitization decision process (according to a formalism based on GRAI business modeling framework) and risk modeling; it is composed of three phases:Phase A named “explorating servitization process”, its purpose consists of making a formal representation of the industrial enterprise’s servitization decision-making process studied according to a decision-making reference model that we defined previously; Phase B named “evaluation and characterization of decisional risks” comes to characterize the decision risks according to their areas of occurrence and effects, in order to deduce a criticality assessment of potential risks carried by the process; And phase C named “diagnosis and remediation of decisional risks”, its purpose is to make an interpretation of diagnosis results and to propose a remedial plan to assist decision-makers in their decision making process. Two case studies on industrial SMEs are used to illustrate this thesis
Cassagne, Clement. "Sensibilité des assureurs à l'environnement de taux d'intérêt bas : causes et conséquences sur l'assurance vie et la stabilité financière". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOUL2008.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is a contribution to the reflection on the implications of the prolonged period of low interest rates on life insurance and the consequences on financial stability induced by the investment behavior of firms in the sector. The first chapter is devoted to identifying the causes and assessing the consequences of the impact of the current interest rate environment on sector performance. Using econometric models, we observe that insurers engaged in traditional life insurance activities are, for the period following the global financial crisis, more sensitive to interest rate variations than their non-life counterparts The second chapter is dedicated to identifying the determinants and evidence of a potential reallocation of insurance investments to risky assets, which could help companies to stimulate declining financial strength. Using sectoral data from the SHS database, which we re-analyze by credit rating, we find that the increasing share of lower quality assets in the public bond stock of European insurers and pension funds is not mainly explained by an increase in risk taking but by rating downgrades. The third chapter focuses on examining the implications of the investment choices of insurance institutions, made in a constrained rate environment, on financial stability. Based on an econometric analysis, we find that the contribution to systemic risk of insurers, particularly those engaged in the provision of traditional life insurance, comes from the least remunerative asset classes. This result, a priori counter-intuitive, could possibly be explained by the difficulties of institutions subject to strict prudential constraints to seize non-bond investment opportunities that could relieve the financial pressure exerted by the prolonged period of low interest rates
Tanon, Affaud A. "Construction et validation de filtres de recherche bibliographique pour soutenir la prise de décisions basée sur les évidences : le cas de la sécurité des patients". Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9892.
Texto completo da fonteOptimized bibliographic search filters are designed to facilitate information retrieval in bibliographic databases, which are almost always the most abundant source of scientific evidence. The purpose of such filters is to support evidence-based decision making. Many of the filters available in the literature are methodological search filters. To reach their full potential they need to be combined with subject filters that identify studies covering a particular topic. In the field of patient safety, it has been demonstrated that deficiencies in the information retrieval process can lead to tragic consequences. Optimized bibliographic search filters covering the field could thus be very useful. This study is intended to provide subject bibliographic search filters optimized for the field of patient safety, assess their validity, and offer a guide for developing optimized bibliographic search filters. We propose high-performing bibliographic search filters to retrieve papers dealing with patient safety in health care organizations, that have been explicitly defined as relevant to the patient safety field by their authors, in Medline, Embase and CINAHL. The main generalization issue lies in defining the boundaries of the patient safety field.
Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Prise des décisions basée sur le risque"
GUILLIER, Laurent, e Moez SANAA. "Un guide pour la caractérisation des risques microbiologiques". In Évaluation des risques microbiologiques, 185–210. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9084.ch6.
Texto completo da fonteWACHTEL, Cl. "85 ans après, un risque toujours présent". In Médecine et Armées Vol. 45 No.1, 81–86. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.7460.
Texto completo da fonteLAVILLE, V., Ch LEBLEU, P. MORNAND, L. AIGLE, Ch DESTERKE e E. HORNEZ. "Epidémiologie et prise en charge préhospitalière des traumatisés sévères pédiatriques en opération extérieure". In Médecine et Armées Vol. 46 No.2, 107–14. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.7349.
Texto completo da fonteLansdown, Gerison. "L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant – Un dialogue entre théorie et pratique". In Hors collection, 33–37. Conseil de l'Europe, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/europ.coll.2017.01.0033.
Texto completo da fonteRelatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Prise des décisions basée sur le risque"
Brinkerhoff, Derick W., Sarah Frazer e Lisa McGregor. S'adapter pour apprendre et apprendre pour s'adapter : conseils pratiques tirés de projets de développement internationaux. RTI Press, janeiro de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.pb.0015.1801.fr.
Texto completo da fonteJocelyn, Sabrina, Élise Ledoux, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Isabelle Berger, Isvieysys Armas Marrero, Chun Hong Law, Yuvin Chinniah et al. Identification en laboratoire des éléments essentiels au processus d’intégration sécuritaire de cellules cobotiques. IRSST, agosto de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.70010/qkwy4060.
Texto completo da fonte