Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Préférence pour les fils"
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Javed, Muhammad Rashid. "Essais sur la préférence du fils au pakistan". Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU2056/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is a collection of studies on son preference in Pakistan. The studies analyze the prevalence and strength of son preference and its effects on women’s childbearing. The role son preference plays in determining women's participation in intra-household decisionmaking is examined as are its effect on birth spacing, probability of risky births and role of maternal age at marriage in modifying gender-specific reproduction and development outcomes. We find strong evidence for both the revealed and stated preference for male offspring. The probability of continuing childbearing also decreases with the number of sons born. Furthermore, we find that women with at least one son have more say in ‘routine’ household decisions but not in financial decisions. Female participation in decision-making grows significantly with the number of sons but only up to the third parity. We find that women with at least one son are more likely to delay succeeding births. We obtain strong evidence at parity 1. The impact seems to dissipate beyond the second parity. Moreover, we find that marriage at 18 or later positively influence women’s preference for family’s sex composition. However, whether or not a woman married early or late does little to modify the male gender bias prevalent in parental investment. In light of these findings, we suggest policy measures that could help improve gender equity in the country
Santini, Géraldine. "Préférence pour les couleurs et production de figures". Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100066.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of our research is to study how the preferences for colors express themselves in productions of figures. Several preference judgments and productions of figures tasks were built, by varying, in particular, types of structures and the number of colors. Different groups of subjects were constituted on the basis of their educational level, this factor being central in this research. The placement of colors is influenced by the preference for colors but also by the size and the position of surfaces, the level of constraints imposed by structures and the number of colors offered. Whatever the level of art training, preference judgments don't depend on the same cognitive activities as those linked to production of figures. Besides, naïve subjects are sensitive to effects of saliency generated by structures and preference for colors
Cottalorda, Pierre-jean. "Une étude économique de la préférence pour le pouvoir". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10025.
Texto completo da fonteThe goal of this thesis is to study preference for power from its definition to laboratory and field experiments. We construct this thesis around three questions: What are power and preference for power ? How to identify this preference and how to distinguish it from other social preferences ? What are the elements, experimental conditions and settings that have an impact on it ? We define power as a dispositional capacity. Hence, preference for power is a formalized version of the power motive and we distinguish four types: pure or instrumental preference for potential or effective power. In the second part of this thesis, we design a model of power and we test it in the laboratory. We identify the four types of preference for power which is the central result of this work. Then, we show that treatment effects are almost nonexistent whereas we find a strong gender effect. We finally measure this preference and find a strong correlation between pure preference for potential power and for effective power. The aim of the third part is to study this behavior in a decision maker population of the Eve Online synthetic world. We first show that field experiments in Eve Online are a good proxy for the lab. We then observe that decision makers don't manifest a stronger preference for power that other subjects
Duratti, Lindo. "Modélisation mécanique de fils pour la simulation chirurgicale /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3973.
Texto completo da fonteBenallah, Samia. "La préférence pour la retraite : essais de mesure d’un paramètre complexe". Thesis, Paris 13, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA131022.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis aims at enriching the economic approach of the behavior of retirement, so that this one is more to understand and plan the effects of the politics of pension
Ly, Michel. "Étude des fils électrodes pour l'usinage par étincelage érosif". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00705214.
Texto completo da fonteLy, Michel. "Etude des fils électrodes pour l'usinage par étincelage érosif". Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00705214.
Texto completo da fonteZinc coated electrical discharge machining wires have a cutting speed advantage over plain brass wires. This advantage has been related to the thermodynamics of the arcs. For the same discharge current, and despite a lower arc voltage, coated wires cut faster than bare ones. Average arc voltages of different wires have been measured, and compared to published values. A thermodynamic model of the cathode has been made. Arc tension decreases as the metallic vapour pressure released by the cathode increases. Lower cathodic arc tensions release less heat, and lead to lower mass loss at said electrode. Higher arc pressures lead to higher molten electrode material ejection at the end of the arc discharges. Mass loss measurements on different wire electrodes and pieces confirm our point of view
Khalifé, Hicham. "Techniques de contrôle pour réseaux sans fils multi-sauts". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066458.
Texto completo da fonteRobitaille, Louis-Emile. "Réseaux de neurones pour l'apprentissage de la préférence en microscopie super-résolution". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68744.
Texto completo da fonteFor many years, fluorescent microscopy has been limited by diffraction. However, to study dynamic phenomena inside cells, a nanometric resolution is often necessary. To cope with this problem, an important development for fluorescent microscopy was the invention ofSTimulated-Emission-Depletion microscopy (STED) (Hell and Wichmann, 1994). If STEDachieves nanometric microscopy, it is also an extremely sophisticated technique that requires advanced knowledge across a wide range of domains, e.g. physics, chemistry and biology. With the goal of democratising the microscope, Durand et al. (2018) use the last development in artificial intelligence to automate STED parameterization with an optimisation loop. The objective aimed is to produce high-quality images while minimising photo bleaching and exposition time. The inability of measuring image quality and of choosing between compromise among objectives still forces an expert to stay behind the microscope. By automating the assessment of image quality and the selection of compromise, this master thesis intends to demonstrate the potential of neural networks for preference learning in life science.
Mheich, Zeina. "Schémas pratiques pour la diffusion (sécurisée) sur les canaux sans fils". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01059512.
Texto completo da fonteRousset, Valérie. "Fabrication de nanojonctions coplanaires pour l'adressage de fils atomiques et moleculaires". Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30286.
Texto completo da fonteAziat, Farid. "Fils moléculaires à porphyrines pendantes pour la conception de nouveaux adhésifs". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/502/.
Texto completo da fonteIn order to take advantage of the helicity observed for the family of a-polypeptides bearing pendant porphyrins to build two functionalized wires, we synthetised a nonapeptide in wich an amino acid out of three is alternatively functionalized by a bidentate base or a naphthalene, and a decapeptide functionalized by a Zn (II) porphyrin to enable coordination with the bidentate bases of the nonapeptide. UV-visible spectroscopic studies of these peptides have shown that there are electronic interactions between porphyrins. UV-visible spectroscopic binding studies between various metallated oligopeptides with bases such as DABCO or 4,4' bibyridine have shown that bases fit more easily into the cavity when the length of peptide increases. This is attributed to the growing preorganisation of the peptides when their length increases. In order to model the energy transfert and the antenna effect, we synthesised a tetramer (Zn-H2-H2-Zn), and studied some of its complexes
Chehaitly, Mouhamad. "Architectures numériques adaptatives pour les systèmes de transmission sans fils fiables". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0400.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis work presented in this manuscript focuses on the development of a new transmission architecture specifically dedicated to wireless sensor networks and adapted to the particular characteristics of the later. The approach, based on impulse radio techniques for wideband transmission, is developed according to two main research aspects: functional and hardware. The functional aspect aims at defining the characteristics of the transmitted signal as well as the associated processing algorithms (modulation and demodulation). More broadly, it comes to define the functional architecture of the transmission chain, according to two different operating modes: mono- and multi-user. The proposed approach for transmitting pulse signals is based on the use of the discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) at the receiver and the inverse transform (IDWPT) at the transmitter. The orthogonal nature of the wavelets makes it possible, without needing a complex MAC layer, to make multi-user communications, either simultaneous or not, over a wideband channel, thanks to the strong discrimination between the transmitted pulses. The second aspect relates to the development of hardware architectures allowing the implementation of the processing algorithms developed in the functional part. The search for high performance (high ratio between processing speed and hardware cost) and flexibility (configurability, extensibility) is particularly important in the functionality related to the discrete wavelet packet transform which constitutes the critical core of the transmission chain. Massive and generic parallelization techniques are developed and implemented to achieve the required levels of performance and flexibility. Validation was carried out using respectively Simulink/Matlab (MathWorks) modeling and simulation for the functional aspects, and VHDL modeling (at the Register Transfer Level -- RTL) and FPGA implementations for the hardware aspects
Chehaitly, Mouhamad. "Architectures numériques adaptatives pour les systèmes de transmission sans fils fiables". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0400.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis work presented in this manuscript focuses on the development of a new transmission architecture specifically dedicated to wireless sensor networks and adapted to the particular characteristics of the later. The approach, based on impulse radio techniques for wideband transmission, is developed according to two main research aspects: functional and hardware. The functional aspect aims at defining the characteristics of the transmitted signal as well as the associated processing algorithms (modulation and demodulation). More broadly, it comes to define the functional architecture of the transmission chain, according to two different operating modes: mono- and multi-user. The proposed approach for transmitting pulse signals is based on the use of the discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) at the receiver and the inverse transform (IDWPT) at the transmitter. The orthogonal nature of the wavelets makes it possible, without needing a complex MAC layer, to make multi-user communications, either simultaneous or not, over a wideband channel, thanks to the strong discrimination between the transmitted pulses. The second aspect relates to the development of hardware architectures allowing the implementation of the processing algorithms developed in the functional part. The search for high performance (high ratio between processing speed and hardware cost) and flexibility (configurability, extensibility) is particularly important in the functionality related to the discrete wavelet packet transform which constitutes the critical core of the transmission chain. Massive and generic parallelization techniques are developed and implemented to achieve the required levels of performance and flexibility. Validation was carried out using respectively Simulink/Matlab (MathWorks) modeling and simulation for the functional aspects, and VHDL modeling (at the Register Transfer Level -- RTL) and FPGA implementations for the hardware aspects
Bourgeat, Pascal. "Dynamique et discontinuité de la préférence pour les marques : proposition et test d'un modèle". Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32088.
Texto completo da fonteCompensatory multi-attribute models of preference and choice assume, implicitly or explicitly, that the response function is smooth. On the contrary, non-compensatory multi-attribute models use an elimination process akin to a series of discontinuities to evaluate and rank brands. Multi-attribute models available in marketing also ignore the internal or underlying dynamic processes that directs preference and choice. This research proposes a multi-attribute preference model that integrates the underlying dynamics of brand preferences and takes into account both continuity and discontinuity of brand preferences in a simple analytical framework (the catastrophe surface of the cusp). The catastrophe model is tested on data of brand perceptions and preferences from three markets of fast moving consumer products in Asia-Pacific. The catastrophe surface in each market is estimated using the GEMCAT II software. The performance of the model (its ability to fit a cusp surface to the data) is compared with that of a linear model and a logistic model. The implications provided by the catastrophe model in terms of brand diagnostics and brand management are discussed for one of the three markets and contrasted with the implications of a linear additive model
Mukhtar, Hamid. "Intergiciel pour la composition des tâches utilisateurs dans les environnements pervasifs étant donné les préférences utilisateurs". Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00537308.
Texto completo da fonteSampaio, Cardoso Leonardo. "Précodeur orthogonal pour l'accès dynamique au spectre dans les réseaux sans fils". Phd thesis, Supélec, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839860.
Texto completo da fonteSureau, Frédéric. "Un système de composants distribué pour les réseaux de capteurs sans-fils". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1597.
Texto completo da fonteCoronado, Etienne S. "Une architecture de services sur demande pour les communications sans fils véhiculaire". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1945.
Texto completo da fonteBen, Romdane Haroun. "Modélisation de composants RF en technologie CMOS pour les communications sans fils". Paris, ENST, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENST0006.
Texto completo da fonteThe manufacturers of solid-state components endeavour to integrate and optimize the circuits in order to accomplish the whole system on one chip. One of most advanced integration technologies is CMOS on silicon. This work consists in studying the components of CMOS technology developed by the company ATMEL. Inductors, capacitors and varactors have been studied. The methods of characterization and modelling enabled us to determine all the elements of the models. A nonlinear model of MOSFET transistors was obtained. Based on DC and scattering parameters measurements, the model lets us predict the behaviour of the component with the Vgs and Vds voltage values. This model has been used to extend the BSIM3v3 model for use with high frequency signals. An experimental setup for noise measurement in microwave networks was developed. The experimental measurements associated with the knowledge of the electrical equivalent elements, allows the transistors characterization in terms of noise
Tardieu, Simon. "Fils conducteurs composites (microfils d'argent - cuivre) pour application en champs magnétiques intenses". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30186.
Texto completo da fonteLNCMI-Toulouse produces some of the most intense non-destructive pulsed magnetic fields in the world (98.8 T). The wires used in coils which generate these magnetic fields require high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) in order to resist the Lorentz forces. Moreover, to obtain the longest possible pulse duration, these wires must have an electrical resistivity closest to that of pure Cu. LNCMI and CIRIMAT explore the design and preparation of Cu-based nanocomposite wires obtained by a combination of powder metallurgy, Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and wire-drawing. Composite powders with low Ag contents (< 10 % vol. Ag) are prepared by dispersing Ag microwires (diameter 200 nm, length 30 µm) synthesized at CIRIMAT in a commercial spherical Cu powder (diameter 0.5-1 µm). The so-obtained composite powders are consolidated by SPS in the form of cylinders. These cylinders are drawn, without breaking, in the form of fine wires (1 - 0.2 mm). The microstructure of the wires is made up of Cu ultrafine grains (200 - 400 nm) elongated over several micrometers in the drawing direction. Ag microwires are dispersed along the grain boundaries of Cu. The measurement of the electrical resistivity and the UTS of the wires (at 293 K and 77 K) shows that the wires containing only 1 vol. % Ag present the best compromise between high UTS and low electrical resistivity (1100 MPa / 0.49 µÔmega.cm at 77 K). The formation of Cu/Ag alloys during the SPS cycle significantly increases the resistivity of the wires and thus must be avoided. A Cu matrix with a bimodal grain size distribution makes it possible to reduce the electrical resistivity of the wires while keeping high UTS (1080 MPa / 0.45 µÔmega.cm at 77 K). Ag-Cu nanocomposite wires present high UTS, equivalent to that of Cu/Ag alloy wires containing about 20 times more Ag produced by melting and solidification, but their electrical resistivity is about 1.5 times lower
Yavand, Hasani Javad. "Conception de front end RF pour les réseaux d'objets communicants sans fils". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10312.
Texto completo da fonteThis work is an attempt toward low-power mm-wave transceiver design for low cost, short range, low data rate and dense Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) application, using standard CMOS90nm technology. Due to leak of RF models in the library of the foundry design kit, we developed individual models for MOS transistor and passive elements. Proper layout proposed for MOS transistors and layout-dependent parasitic effects, as weIl as the substrate effects were studied, analyzed and modelled accurately. To overcome the problems with inductors in bulk CMOS technology, we proposed a novel line-type inductor structure. To ob tain the best performance of the inductors, an accurate RLGC model was developed and analytic equations were used for calculation of the model parameters. Lumped element model was evaluated using electromagnetic simulator of ADS and HFSS software. We designed a single stage cascade LNA using Power Constrained Simultaneous Noise and Input Matching (PCSNIM) technique. The LNA was fabricated in the STMicroelectronics 90nm CMS_GP process in 2006. Measurement results showed lOdB power gain and 4. 7dB noise figure with only 3mW power consumption. The chip area of our LNA is 0. Lmm2, a record among the reported Ka band LNA's. We developed simple low power transceiver architecture, with good performance. The receiver was simulated in MATLAB and -87dBm sensitivity, 890KHz bandwidth, with 6. 65mW power consumption are obtained. The transmitter was designed as simple as possible, using power oscillator idea, delivering 6m W RF power to the antenna. The transmitter has 25% power efficiency, very good result in comparison with the reported works
Coën, Alain. "Préférence pour les titres nationaux et modèle international d'évaluation des actifs financiers avec capital humain". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0018/MQ49006.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteBoulanouar, Ibtissem. "Algorithmes de suivi de cible mobile pour les réseaux de capteurs sans fils". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1077/document.
Texto completo da fonteWireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a set of tiny autonomous and interconnected devices. These Sensors are scattered in a region of interest to collect information about the surrounding environment depending on the intended application. Nowadays, sensors allow handling more complex data such as multimedia flow. Thus, we observe the emergence of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks opening a wider range of applications. In this work, we focus on tracking moving target in these kinds of networks. Target tracking is defined as a two-stage application: detection and localization of the target through its evolution inside an area of interest. This application can be very useful. For example, the presence of an intruder can be detected and its position inside a sensitive area reported, elderly or sick persons carrying sensors can be tracked anytime and so on. Unlike classical monitoring systems, WSN are more flexible and more easy to set up. Moreover, due to their versatility and autonomy they can be used in hostile regions, inaccessible for human. However, these kinds of networks have some limitations: wireless links are not reliable and data processing and transmission are greedy processes in term of energy. To overcome the energy constraint, only the sensors located in target pathway should be activated. Thus, the question is : how to select these sensors to obtain the best compromise between the tracking precision and the energy consumption? This is the question we are trying to answer in this dissertation. Firstly, we focus on communicating targets which have the ability to transmit signals and greatly facilitate the tracking process. The challenge here is to relay the information between the concerned sensors. In order to deal with this challenge, we use a deployment strategy based on virtual forces (VFA: Virtual Forces Algorithm) associated to a distributed tracking algorithm implemented in a cluster-based network. Secondly, we handle a more complex and more frequent case of non-communicating targets. The objective is to detect the presence of such target using movement sensors. We propose the deployment of an heterogeneous wireless sensor networks composed of movement sensors used to detect the target and camera sensors used to locate it. When the target is detected the information is sent to the camera sensors which decide whether to activate or not their cameras based on probabilistic criteria which include the camera orientation angle. Finally, as our last contribution, we specifically focus on target mobility models. These models help us to predict target behaviour and refine the sensor activation process. We use the Extended Kalamn filter as prediction model combined with a change detection mechanism named CuSum (Cumulative Summuray). This mechanism allows to efficiently compute the future target coordinates, and to select which sensors to activate
Coën, Alain René. "Analyse du phénomène de préférence pour les titres nationaux et implications en gestion de portefeuille international". Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21052.
Texto completo da fonteLecomte, Timothée. "Microcavités semiconductrices structurées pour la génération paramétrique optique". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066031.
Texto completo da fonteBrault, Julien. "Croissance auto-organisée de fils et boîtes quantiques d'InAs / InP(001) pour composants optoélectroniques". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECDL0029.
Texto completo da fonteOkba, Abderrahim. "Conception et réalisation de rectennas utilisées pour la récupération d'énergie électromagnétique pour l'alimentation de réseaux de capteurs sans fils". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30286/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe electronic domain has known a significant expansion the last decades, all the advancements made has led to the development of miniature and efficient electronic devices used in many applications such as cyber physical systems. These systems use low-power wireless sensors for: detection, monitoring and so on. The use of wireless sensors has many advantages: * The flexibility of their location, they allow the access to hazardous areas. * The realization of lighter system, less expensive and less cumbersome. * The elimination of all the problems associated to the cables (erosion, impermeability...) * The deployment of sensor arrays. Therefore, these wireless sensors need to be supplied somehow with energy to be able to function properly. The classic ways of supplying energy such as batteries have some drawbacks, they are limited in energy and must be replaced periodically, and this is not conceivable for applications where the wireless sensor is placed in hazardous places or in places where the access is impossible. So, it is necessary to find another way to permanently provide energy to these wireless sensors. The integration and miniaturization of the electronic devices has led to low power consumption systems, which opens a way to another techniques in terms of providing energy. Amongst the possibilities, we can find the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) and Energy Harvesting (EH). In fact, the electromagnetic energy is nowadays highly available in our planet thanks to all the applications that use wireless systems. We can take advantage of this massive available quantity of energy and use it to power-up the low power wireless sensors. This thesis is incorporated within the framework of WPT and EH. Its objective is the conception and realization of electromagnetic energy harvesters called "Rectenna" in order to supply energy to low power wireless sensors. The term "rectenna" is the combination of two words: Antenna and Rectifier. The Antenna is the module that captures the electromagnetic ambient energy and converts it to a RF signal, the rectifier is the RF circuit that converts this RF signal into a continuous (DC) signal that is used to supply the wireless sensors. In this manuscript, several rectennas will be presented, for different frequencies going from the GSM frequencies (868 MHz, 915 MHz) to the Ku/Ka bands
Geffroy, Vincent. "Conception de circuits intégrés radiofréquences sur technologie CMOS pour des applications sans fils "grand public" : application aux mélangeurs pour DECT /". Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39038527k.
Texto completo da fonteMartineau, Baudouin. "Potentialités de la technologie CMOS 65nm SOI pour des applications sans fils en bande millimétrique". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288865.
Texto completo da fonteDufour, Rémy. "Développement d'un peigne de fils froids pour l'étude d'écoulements turbulents en présence d'un champ thermique". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0005/MQ33626.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteMalik, Nitin singh. "Les fils photoniques : une géométrie innovante pour la réalisation de sources de lumière quantique brillantes". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681846.
Texto completo da fonteMalik, Nitin Singh. "Les fils photoniques : une géométrie innovante pour la réalisation de sources de lumière quantique brillantes". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENY069/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents the realization of an efficient single-photon source based on an InAs quantum dot integrated in a photonic nanowire. A photonic nanowire is a monomode waveguide made of a high refractive index material (GaAs in our case). For an optimal wire diameter around 200 nm, nearly all the spontaneous emission of the embedded single-photon emitter (free space wavelength 950 nm) is funnelled into the fundamental guided mode. In addition, the outcoupling efficiency of the guided photon to a microscope objective can be brought close to one with a proper engineering of the wire ends. The source thus features an integrated bottom mirror and a smooth tapering of the wire upper end. High performances are maintained over a broad wavelength range, a key asset of this 1D photonic structure. This thesis presents the physics which governs these structures, their realization, and their characterization. Under pulsed optical pumping, we demonstrate a single-photon source with a record efficiency of 0.72, combined with highly pure single-photon emission. We also discuss the possibility to obtain polarization control, using wire with an elliptical section
Weber, Xavier. "Elaboration par dépôt électrolytique de revêtements composites métal/particules pour la réalisation de fils abrasifs". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI059.
Texto completo da fonteThe change of technology from slurry to diamond wires in the wafer slicing machines is motivated by economic and environmental issues. Only recently, this transition of technology in the photovoltaic industry has ramped up with the commercialization of a new generation of wafering machines. So as to take advantage of this situation, Thermocompact has launched the development of diamond wires. The selected process is an electrochemical codeposition of metal and diamond particles embedded on the wire surface.The first tests of diamond wire production have shown a lack of process control and a failure to reach the technical characteristics requested by its use. The studies in this thesis are based on the relationship between the electrolytic bath, the coating conditions and the coating properties, then on the behavior of particles both in the bath and up to their incorporation on the wire surface. The researches continued afterwards on the complex link between the characteristics of diamond wire, the material to slice and the machine used for slicing (design, recipe). This work has succeeded in defining a diamond wire with a diameter of 70µm in compliance with customer requirement for the industrial slicing of single crystalline silicon with the new generation of machines. These results will be now used for prospecting new customers in the photovoltaic industry
Nguyen, Nhat Hai. "Développement de méthodes intelligentes pour la gestion énergétique des bâtiments, utilisant des capteurs sans fils". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT080/document.
Texto completo da fonteLoad management in an active and intelligent way is one of the major concerns of distributionsystems operators, suppliers and consumers of energy, particularly in the context of the smart-gridproject.The aim of this thesis is to develop and implement a real-time energy management systembased on wireless sensor networks in buildings (residential and tertiary sector). The methods of loadmanagement have been developed to minimize peak demand, maintain thermal comfort, andminimize the cost of consumption. A concept of real-time load management using a wireless sensornetwork has been proposed, based on the ZigBee communication standard. Demonstrators ofadaptive control of heating and air conditioning and of intelligent load shedding for electrical cookershave been developed. The prototypes of the proposed systems have been built and tested on anexperimental apartment to demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of these methods. Thedeveloped system allows to avoid the use of predictive models that are very difficult to identify andself-reconfigure when new electrical devices are added in a building
Ancora, Andrea. "Techniques de réception avancées pour systèmes de télécommunications cellulaires sans-fils de type 3GPP LTE". Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENST0105.
Texto completo da fonteAchieving enhanced spectral efficiency and increased reliability are the leading objectives of upcoming wireless systems. In the pursuit of these objectives, it is imperative to devise strategies taking into account the practical constraints so that the ensuing solutions are implementable in the real world. Our focus in this thesis is therefore on the practical communication systems. In the first introductive part of the thesis, we discuss the classical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) principle highlighting its advantages such as low-required decoding complexity in case of multipath propagation channel together with its well-known limitations induced by impaired reception. Furthermore, we carefully examine its application to next generation 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless telecommunication system. In this sense, LTE OFDMA physical-layer system parameters are detailed and their dimensioning explained from the 3GPP standard perspective. In the second part of the thesis, we first consider the design of Reference Signals in LTE and the wireless propagation channel model. We then approach the Channel Estimation problem. In particular, we study the impact of LTE system parameters on common linear channel estimation techniques and introduce several new methods applicable in this specific context. Furthermore, we propose a general framework for the performance analysis of classical and proposed methods. In the last part of the thesis, we consider impaired OFDM reception in the case of selective channels. As a first step, we deal with linear OFDM equalization in highly doubly selective channels. In order to avoid complex matrix inversion entailed by straightforward application of linear equalization, we develop iterative equalization methods which show to be very attractive from an implementation point of view. Exploiting Basis Expansion Model of the frequency-selective time-varying channel and preconditioning, we show that the complexity of such methods are roughly linearly proportional to the OFDM FFT order but yet attaining MMSE equalizer performance within an acceptable performance loss. Finally, we discuss Alamouti block-code reception for OFDM in case highly selective channel. We determine useful Maximim-Likelihodd (ML) detection bounds and then revise linear and non-linear detection approaches. To overcome known sub-optimality of such methods, we present a Lattice Reduction aided-near-ML techniques which reveals to offer optimal diversity-order detection performance with negligible coding gain loss
Pasquet, Francis. "Contribution à l'étude d'antennes fils-plaques multibandes : Application à la conception d'aériens multifonctions pour l'automobile". Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0018.
Texto completo da fonteThis report sets out to study the feasibility of multiband aerials, using an antenna technologiy called "Monopolar Wire-Patch" (MWP). It is shown how the qualities oj this technique allow, by superposing or overlapping of aerials, to regroup several frequency bands with a vertical polarization. These works also describe easy manufacturing processes and some methods to decease the dimensions using ceramic substrates
Di, Piazza Emmanuel. "Nouveaux complexes de ruthénium riches en carbone pour l'élaboration de fils et interrupteurs moléculaires originaux". Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S221.
Texto completo da fonteThe first part of this work deals with the synthesis and characterization of new magnetic redox switches based on the association of paramagnetic units such as nitronyl nitroxide, or copper and manganese compounds with ruthenium carbon-rich acetylides. The aim was to modulate the magnetic properties by changing the oxidation state of the ruthenium center. The second part treats of the association of different trivalent lanthanide ions with acetylide carbon-rich ruthenium complexes in order to achieve the first redox modulation of lanthanide luminescence. The third part deals with the synthesis and the study of new asymmetric bimetallic molecular wires to get an efficient electronic delocalization all over the asymmetric compounds. The last part reports the synthesis and the study of new model compounds in order to further realize the grafting on gold surface of the molecular switches obtained in the first two parts. The aim was to retain the switching properties observed in solution within the SAMs
Coën, Alain. "Trois essais en macroéconomie internationale : le phénomène de préférence pour les titres nationaux et l'énigme de la quantité revisités". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00509649.
Texto completo da fonteBergeron-Dufour, Marie-Élaine. "Naître ou ne pas naître en Inde du Nord-Ouest : préférence pour les garçons et discrimination envers les filles". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27859/27859.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteCoën, Alain René. "Trois essais en macroéconomie internationale : le phénomène de préférence pour les titres nationaux et l'énigme de la quantité revisités". Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010065.
Texto completo da fonteBarbosa, Nogueira Evanaska Maria. "Conception d'un système d'antennes pour la localisation en temps réel avec réseau de capteurs sans fils". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981583.
Texto completo da fonteNICOLAS, GABRIEL. "Conception d'ortheses dynamiques programmables, pour la main, qui utilisent des fils d'alliage a memoire de formes". Paris 12, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA120053.
Texto completo da fonteGUILLAUDIN, OLIVIER. "Etude et realisation d'une mini-chambre a fils pour la localisation a haut taux de comptage". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10069.
Texto completo da fonteArnaud, Claire. "Fils conducteurs nanostructurés (cuivre et composites nanotube de carbone - cuivre) pour application en champs magnétiques intenses". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30216/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn order to produce high magnetic fields (100 T), the conducting wires used in pulsed coils must show both a high tensile strength and very low electrical resistivity. The LNCMI and NNC team of CIRIMAT explore creative solutions based on the development of nanostructured copper wires and carbon nanotube - copper (CNT-Cu) nanocomposite wires by the original combination of spark plasma sintering (SPS) and room-temperature wire-drawing (WD). Copper cylinders were prepared by SPS of micrometric commercial powders. Crystal growth is very low and the copper grains size is 10 times lower than for conventional wire precursors. The cylinders were wire-drawn, without breaking, into wires of decreasing diameter (down to 0.198 mm) and several meters long. The ultrafine Cu grains are highly elongated in the WD direction. No twinning was observed. Our copper wires show an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) at 293K and 77K higher than those for wires prepared from conventional OFHC copper, which could result from the combination of strain hardening and Orowan mechanisms. The electrical resistivity is about 12% higher than those for the OFHC wires. For the CNT-Cu nanocomposites, an adaptation of preparation route (functionalization of double-walled and eight-walled CNTs, mixing, freeze-drying, H2 reduction) resulted in the production of 14 g powder batches with a homogeneous dispersion of the CNTs. Due to the very low carbon content (= 1%), the preparation of the cylinders and wires by the methods used for pure copper is possible without modification. The UTS of the CNT-Cu wirers is 10-25% higher than for the corresponding copper wires. The CNTs have little influence on the Cu microstructure and their probable alignment allows one to benefit from their high tensile strength. The electrical resistivity is only moderately higher than for the corresponding copper wires (about 12% at 77K). The last chapter was devoted to the preparation of "dog-bone" Cu and CNT-Cu test samples by "near-net-shape" SPS. We have brought to the fore the influence of the nature of the die (graphite or WC-Co) on the microstructure, microhardness and tensile strength, for the same sintering cycle
Akacha, Helal Ibtissem. "Contribution à l'application des capteurs en technologie MEMS pour la commande sans fils des actionneurs électriques". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17811/1/akacha.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteRisicato, Jean-Vincent. "Optimisation de l'architecture des fils dans une structure textile 3D pour le renforcement de pièces composites". Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10070/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe RaidOUTILS project aims the production of textile reinforcement for composite parts. Manufacturing of stiffeners with constant, as well as variable, cross sectional shape is possible. Interlacing is possible trough the thickness of the material and leads to a wide range of fibre orientation within the textile reinforcement. The RaidOUTILS technology is a hybridisation of braiding and weaving manufacturing. By combining properties from both technologies, steps such as cutting, joining and forming can be avoid. Those steps introduce defect in traditional reinforcement manufacturing cycle. Based on independent motion for each yarn within the structure it is possible to control interlacing and modify cross section. Modelling is also proposed for this process. It represents the yarn kinematic based on the existing machinery. The simple model is necessary to have a low calculation time to get the virtual skeleton of the structure. This skeleton returns data such as interlacing, orientation of the preform. The aim of the project is the creation of a new 3D textile manufacturing process and also to make the link between a product (textile) and the process by modelling
Kassan, Rabih. "Evaluation de la fiabilité des réseaux de capteurs sans fils pour la détection en milieu naturel". Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0013/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of my thesis was to evaluate the reliability of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in natural settings. My evaluation takes into account the physical components of sensor nodes, photovoltaic (PV) cells, rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries, communication and data transmission protocols, and elements necessary for effective detection, especially for the case of forest fires. The study first deals with the functioning of a WSN in nature by taking into account its energy consumption, and physical and functional failures to assess its reliability. Reliability is then compared between a PV-free (WSN) and PV- (PV-WSN) network under complex data exchange conditions. Finally, the evaluation of the reliability of the PV-WSN is carried out in the context of the detection and propagation of forest fires under the same conditions of data exchange. The main assumptions considered are: the WSN is structured randomly with one sink per cluster and identical sensors, environmental and orientation losses affect PV-cell recharge, the radio signal may be weakened by natural obstacles, fire propagation is uniform and elliptical, vegetation is homogeneous, and there is communication loss using the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol. A simulator was developed to carry out these assessments. The results obtained show the importance of physical failures in assessing reliability and extending WSN and PV-WSN lifetime
Boutabia, Mohammed. "Continuité de service dans les réseaux sans fils hétérogènes pour les applications à contrainte de temps". Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594726.
Texto completo da fonteBoutabia, Mohammed. "Continuité de service dans les réseaux sans fils hétérogènes pour les applications à contrainte de temps". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TELE0011.
Texto completo da fonteService continuity is an important component in mobile communications. With the coexistence of different access network technologies and the emergence of multi-interface mobile devices, service providers should maintain the ongoing communication when the mobile travels among heterogeneous networks. Services like IPTV, video on demand or voice over IP are widely proposed by operators for which service continuity should be guaranteed. This thesis is devoted to service continuity of real-time applications in heterogeneous networks. We tackle this problem from two perspectives: session mobility and terminal mobility. Although these two mechanisms have the same purpose which is ensuring service continuity when changing the terminal or the access network, each technique has its own challenges and constraints. As far as session mobility is concerned, a new signaling protocol has been proposed to transfer the session between different terminals. This protocol has been implemented in video streaming scenarios and evaluated in a testbed. Moreover, we address the problem of media adaptation, especially renegotiation of QoS parameters since session might be transferred to a new terminal with different capabilities than the original one. QoS renegotiation can be extended to cover the case where some internal parameters are degraded during the session in the same terminal. For terminal mobility, we propose a new handover mechanism using IEEE802.21 with Fast handover for Mobile IPv6. The purpose of this proposal is to reduce the handover delay and the dedicated buffer in access routers. In addition, an optimization is proposed for Fast handovers for Mobile IPv6 in order to maximize the probability of its predictive mode. In the same context, mobility in IMS is considered and an appropriate solution is proposed to answer IMS requirements. Finally, we conduct a comparison study between different mobile IP variants in the case of vertical handover. Based on this comparison, we give some guidelines that should help in choosing the most efficient protocol following specific parameters. The proposed solutions and studies have been evaluated analytically or/and using a simulation tool