Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Precarious rights"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Precarious rights"
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Ferreri, Alba. "Human Rights and Democracy. The Precarious Rights of Ideals". Europe-Asia Studies 67, n.º 1 (2 de janeiro de 2015): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2014.986954.
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Holiday, David. "Guatemala's Precarious Peace". Current History 99, n.º 634 (1 de fevereiro de 2000): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2000.99.634.78.
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The Guatemalan peace process will ultimately be considered successful if it contributes to reconciliation among the many participants in the armed conflict… . While international human rights norms and institutions clearly support uncovering the truth about Guatemala's bloody past, such inquiries call nto question the fundamental structures of military, political, and economic power in Guatemala.
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Yun, Ae Lim. "Demanding Basic Labour Rights for Precarious Workers". Sogang Law Journal 1, n.º 2 (31 de agosto de 2012): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35505/slj.2012.08.1.2.113.
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Shichkin, I. "The Present State, Scope and Priorities in Reducing Precarious Employment of Labour Migrants in Russia". Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia 14, n.º 3 (8 de outubro de 2018): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2018-10026.
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The Object of the Study. Precarious employment among labour migrants in Russia.Subject of the Study. The present state and scope of precarious employment in Russia, as well as socio-economic measures to enhance labour rights protection and social benefits for foreign citizens.The Main Provisions of the Study. The author studies the current migration situation in Russia in the context of labour mobility. Legal status of foreign citizens and stateless persons in Russia are considered. An estimate of the number of labour migrants engaged to precarious employment as well as their future prospects are analyzed. Priority measures for reducing precarious employment of migrant workers in Russia are given.Purpose. Evaluation of the scale and prospects of precarious employment among labour migrants in Russia in order to develop the primary measures for increasing protection of their labour rights and social guarantees.
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Simola, Anna. "Lost in Administration: (Re)Producing Precarious Citizenship for Young University-Educated Intra-EU Migrants in Brussels". Work, Employment and Society 32, n.º 3 (junho de 2018): 458–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017018755653.
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The mounting backlash against intra-EU migration in various EU countries has triggered national policies seeking to restrict EU citizens’ social rights and freedom of movement. Building on and expanding Noora Lori’s work around this concept, the article examines intra-EU migrants’ increasingly unsettled legal statuses as potentially precarious citizenship. Focusing on the experiences of young university-educated intra-EU migrants in Brussels, the article claims that, in the absence of straightforward EU legislation and explicit government policies, administrative actors use their discretion to draw indeterminate boundaries enforcing conditionality and temporariness of status for EU citizens in precarious work arrangements, therefore often increasing the pressure on them to take further precarious jobs. The article argues that, under the conditions of precarious employment, not even migrants with privileged access to citizenship rights are protected from processes of boundary enforcement that institutionalise the ambiguity of statuses and produce precarious citizenship.
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Marshall, Sarah. "Human rights-based conceptions of deservingness: health and precarity". International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 16, n.º 3 (4 de julho de 2020): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-07-2019-0071.
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Purpose Ideas of health-related deservingness in theory and practise have largely been attached to humanitarian notions of compassion and care for vulnerable persons, in contrast to rights-based approaches involving a moral-legal obligation to care based on universal citizenship principles. This paper aims to provide an alternative to these frames, seeking to explore ideas of a human rights-based deservingness framework to understand health care access and entitlement amongst precarious status persons in Canada. Design/methodology/approach Drawing from theoretical conceptualizations of deservingness, this paper aims to bring deservingness frameworks into the language of human rights discourses as these ideas relate to inequalities based on noncitizenship. Findings Deservingness frameworks have been used in public discourses to both perpetuate and diminish health-related inequalities around access and entitlement. Although, movements based on human rights have the potential to be co-opted and used to re-frame precarious status migrants as “undeserving”, movements driven by frames of human rights-based deservingness can subvert these dominant, negative discourses. Originality/value To date, deservingness theory has primarily been used to speak to issues relating to deservingness to welfare services. In relation to deservingness and precarious status migrants, much of the literature focuses on humanitarian notions of the “deserving” migrant. Health-related deservingness based on human rights has been under-theorized in the literature and the authors can learn from activist movements, precarious status migrants and health care providers that have taken on this approach to mobilize for rights based on being “human”.
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Jaydarifard, S., S. Smith, D. Mann, K. Rossa, M. Huda, E. Nikooharf Salehi e S. Shekari Soleimanloo. "P058 The mediating effect of sleep on the relationship between precarious employment and mental health". SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (1 de outubro de 2022): A49—A50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.131.
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Abstract Introduction Precarious work is characterised with high job insecurity, low income, and reduced rights and social protections. Current evidence suggests that precarious work is a risk factor for poor mental health. The relationship between these factors, and especially the contributing role of sleep may play in poor outcomes from precarious work, is unknown. This study investigated the mediating effects of sleep quality and duration on the relationship between precarious employment and poor mental health. Methods Data were obtained from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey (2017). A novel precarious employment score (PES) was developed capturing precarity across the following dimensions: Employment insecurity, level of income, and rights and social protections. Self-reported sleep quality and 24-hour sleep duration were included as mediators. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on the relationship between precarious employment and mental health (SF-36 mental health subscale), after controlling for several covariates. Results The PES identified 1446 (female, n=839) workers in precarious and 7922 (female, n=3949) non-precarious employees out of 9368. There was no significant direct association between precarious employment and mental health (P=.53). We observed no significant changes due to sleep quality in the association between precarious employment and mental health (Coefficient=-0.003, 95% CI -0.01-0.00, P=0.32). However, this association was significant when considering sleep duration (Coefficient=0.34, 95% CI 0.25-0.43, P<0.001). Discussion Encouraging precarious employees to prioritise and promote sleep appropriately may promote well-being. Further objective measurement of sleep is warranted in this group.
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Matilla-Santander, Nuria, Cristina Lidón-Moyano, Adrián González-Marrón, Kailey Bunch, Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez e Jose M. Martínez-Sánchez. "Measuring precarious employment in Europe 8 years into the global crisis". Journal of Public Health 41, n.º 2 (9 de julho de 2018): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy114.
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AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of precarious employment in the European Union (EU) using a multidimensional approach, 8 years into the economic crisis (2014).MethodsWe use data from the Flash Eurobarometer 398 among salaried workers (n = 7702). We calculated the proportion and its 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%) for each of the precarious employment dimensions (not having the ability to exercise rights, vulnerability, disempowerment and temporariness), the prevalence of precarious employment (presenting at least one dimension) and the proportion of workers presenting one, two, three or four dimensions.ResultsTwo out of three workers had a precarious employment. The prevalence of precariousness was higher in Eastern (72.64%; CI 95%: 61.78; 81.34) than in Nordic European countries (51.17%; CI 95%: 44.30; 58.00). The most prevalent dimension was not having the ability to exercise rights (42.39%).ConclusionsPrecarious employment is an important social determinant of health. Therefore, the EU policy-makers should take into consideration the new forms of employment and legislate accordingly.
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Andrade Huaringa, Elizabeth, Camila Cociña e Ana Sugranyes. "Exercising rights from below: Housing, gender, migration and the right to the city from Antofagasta, Chile". Radical Housing Journal 5, n.º 1 (21 de julho de 2023): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54825/rqjh3553.
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Elizabeth Andrade Huaringa is a woman, migrant, activist, and housing leader of the informal settlement of Los Arenales in Antofagasta, on the coastal edge of the Atacama Desert, Chile. In 2022, she was awarded the National Human Rights Award precisely because of her work on social rights, women’s rights, migrants’ rights, and above all, her work on the right to housing and to the city. In this Conversation with Camila and Ana, Eli reflects on her personal and collective history, on the construction of the right to housing and the city from precarious, popular or informal settlements, on the organisation of women in the context of crisis and violence, and on the progress and expansion of human rights from their everyday exercise.
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Bednarowicz, Bartłomiej. "The tale of transparent and predictable working conditions intertwined with work-life balance: Assessing the impact of the new social policy directives on decent working conditions and social protection". European Journal of Social Security 22, n.º 4 (11 de novembro de 2020): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1388262720968575.
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Precarious employment is often associated with job insecurity and limited corollary entitlements to income support. More specifically, what makes the jobs precarious are factors such as in-work poverty and low pay, insufficient labour law and social security protection, high levels of stress and health problems, limited career development and training options or low levels of collective rights. Precarious workers engaged in atypical forms of employment such as casual work, zero-hours contracts or platform-mediated work are particularly prone to experiencing precarious working conditions and often consequently, in-work poverty and thus social exclusion. A question therefore emerges as to the adequate response at EU level to combat precarious employment and provide for decent jobs with fair working conditions including protection against discrimination and also access to adequate social protection. Against this background, this article takes stock of the two first legally binding roll-out initiatives from the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR), namely Directive (EU) 2019/1152 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the European Union and Directive (EU) 2019/1158 on work-life balance for parents and carers, to assess their impact on decent working and employment conditions, and social protection, while also exploring in greater detail their coverage and potential limitations.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Precarious rights"
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Mešić, Nedžad. "Negotiating Solidarity : Collective Actions for Precarious Migrant Workers’ Rights in Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, REMESO - Institutet för forskning om Migration, Etnicitet och Samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-134148.
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Precarious migrant workers are today an everyday part of the Swedish labour market. They often work under conditions of vulnerability, on temporary contracts and with few rights. This dissertation examines collective actions aiming to improve the precarious conditions of three categories of workers –discriminated, seasonal and undocumented. The collective actors examined in the dissertation are composed of formal organisations such as non-governmental organisations, organisations founded on ethnic grounds and trade unions, but also more temporary groups and networks. The analysis foregrounds contemporary societal, economical and legal transfigurations that create the conditions for collaboration among the actors and the negotiations which they conduct. The dissertation contains four articles. The first article, addressing the situation of discriminated migrant workers, scrutinises the conditions for the engagement of anti-discrimination agencies. The result of the study illustrates how the actors, as a consequence of state subsidies, alter their original course of conduct by becoming market orientated,which contributes to tensions in relations with other collaborators. The second and third articles focus on the situation of Bulgarian-Roma berry pickers in the 2012 harvesting season. Thesearticles illuminate on the one hand, the driving forces to their labour migration and the challenges faced in Sweden, and on the other, the emergence of different collective actions and their significance for the workers. The fourth article centres on two trade union initiatives for the inclusion of undocumentedmigrant workers. The article analyses the challenges faced by the unions as they seek to extend solidarity to workers who are relegated to informal work. The article also elucidates that this endeavour,nonetheless, may have the potential to transform the political identity of trade unions and, by extension through collaborations with other collective actors, open the doors of solidarity for precarious EU migrants. In sum, the four articles show that there is a broad range of collective actors who are preparedto assist precarious migrant workers and to negotiate and at best improve their labour market conditions.These actors face many and difficult challenges. However, as the dissertation demonstrates, their engagement has made the reality of precarious migrant work visible to the public, legitimised the workers’ needs and enabled them to claim their rights.
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Berg, Laurie Ada. "Whose rights at work? addressing precariousness in temporary and unauthorised migrant labour in Australia". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10199.
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Whose Rights at Work? Addressing Precariousness in Temporary and Unauthorised Migrant Labour in Australia Temporary labour migration is built upon a core dilemma—maintaining an economically productive resident population without political representation or full access to the social and economic benefits of citizenship. Most agree that temporary workers are entitled to protections under employment laws which govern their labour. But can temporary workers by definition be entitled to rights equal to residents in every respect? Must unauthorised workers, under law, inevitably have less secure protection still? Where should these differences lie? What role, if any, should workers themselves play in determining these various standards? These questions are the focus of this thesis. They touch on deeply held beliefs about how a national community should be defined and to whom domestic legal protection should extend. This thesis argues that relationships between employees and employers, migrants and residents, inevitably create mutual dependencies and obligations of care. Australia cannot ‘will away’ migrants on temporary visas or who work without a visa with whom it does not wish to engage. Under the influence of Australia’s regulatory power, migrant workers must be permitted a strong voice in how that power is exercised. These issues are common to migrant worker schemes internationally, but have arisen in Australia comparatively recently, and in unique ways. Since the late 1990s, Australia has seen exponential growth in temporary labour migration, and its once centralised and uniform labour protections and social benefits have become increasingly piecemeal. This has left those working pursuant to temporary visas or without visa authorisation, as much as six percent of the Australian labour market, even more susceptible than resident workers to the raw impact of a weakly regulated labour market. Poor working conditions, in other words, do not occur simply at the whim of rogue employers. Scholars of immigration have argued that exploitative labour can be produced by government regulation of immigration laws. This thesis extends this literature by demonstrating how Australian immigration law and enforcement reconfigure the relationships between migrant workers and employers and build coercion and uncertainty into them. The force of immigration regulation can be so potent that specific efforts by employers to exploit migrant employees are redundant. In exploring this argument, and as a further original contribution, this thesis evaluates several immigration-based legislative reforms introduced between 2007 and 2013 in the name of addressing the mistreatment of migrant workers. Several of these (the injection of safeguards into the temporary skilled migration scheme, for example) support migrants’ rights to robust participation in Australian workplaces and, indeed, in the Australian political community more broadly. However, my research suggests that other regulatory responses (such as the introduction of an employer sanctions scheme) have amplified the underlying power differential in migrants’ precarious employment. Diagnoses of the unjustness of migrants’ working conditions are common. Concrete regulatory solutions are rare. Yet this thesis offers suggestions to reverse the subordination of temporary and unauthorised migrants in workplaces across Australia. It acknowledges two competing ethical imperatives. First, the belief that a fixed political community is necessary to achieve strong social welfare commitments. This view fuelled the desire to enshrine the ‘Australian standard’ at Australia’s Federation in 1901, and still holds today. However, secondly, residents and migrants indubitably impact upon one another in significant ways that generate reciprocal responsibilities to lessen harm. Proposals for legislative reforms are made at the intersection of these tensions.
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Zou, Mimi. "The legal construction of migrant work relations : precarious status, hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4169b543-2a30-434c-a512-ada39d509a10.
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This thesis is concerned with the ways in which the laws and policies governing labour migration shape the relationship between migrant workers, employers, and labour markets in advanced industrialised countries. Specifically, it elucidates the intersections of immigration and labour market regulatory norms, structures, and processes that have salient implications for migrants’ work relations. The notions of ‘hyper-dependence’ and ‘hyper-precarity’ are developed as the main analytical and normative lenses in this thesis for examining the particular vulnerabilities associated with migrants’ precarious statuses under contemporary labour migration regimes. Hyper-dependence refers to an acute dependence that transcends the immediate context of an employment relationship, where other aspects of a worker’s life critically depend on that employer. For migrant workers, hyper-dependence may arise where their legal statuses is tethered to a specific employer sponsorship, accompanied by other de jure and de facto restrictions on their labour mobility. Hyper-precarity seeks to capture the multifaceted insecurities and uncertainties in migrants’ work relations and their broader migration projects, which are linked to their exclusion, in law and in practice, from a wide array of social, economic, and civil rights in the host state. Engaging with the various and often competing goals and concerns of immigration law and labour law, the two concepts of hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity are developed and applied through an in-depth comparative analysis of the legal and regulatory architectures of two contemporary temporary migrant workers’ programmes (TMWPs): Australia’s Temporary Work (Skilled) Subclass 457 Visa (‘457 visa’) scheme and the United Kingdom’s Tier 2 (General) visa scheme. In recent years, TMWPs in advanced industrialised countries have been touted by global and national policymakers as a desirable labour migration instrument that delivers ‘triple wins’ for host states, home states, and migrants and their families. I situate the normative concerns of the legally constructed hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity in the ethical debates on TMWPs in liberal states. I also consider how the worst extremes of the two ‘hyper’ conditions combined in highly exploitative work relations could be ameliorated, and in doing so propose some ideas for reforming key features of current TMWPs to enable migrants to exit any employment relationship and to resort to a range of voice mechanisms in the workplace.
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Le, Brun Antoine. "Les décisions créatrices de droits". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 1, 2021. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247226610.
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Par une étude d’ensemble de la jurisprudence, de la législation et de la doctrine, cette thèse a pour objet de proposer une définition renouvelée de la notion de décision créatrice de droits tout en procédant à l’analyse critique du régime juridique applicable à cette catégorie d’actes administratifs.Le travail de définition a été mené sous un angle à la fois fonctionnel, tenant au régime de sortie de vigueur, et conceptuel, tenant aux effets des décisions créatrices de droits. Du point de vue de la fonction, il est apparu que le périmètre de la notion étudiée était plus large que celui traditionnellement retenu. La catégorie des décisions créatrices de droits regroupe ainsi l’ensemble des décisions administratives individuelles dont le retrait ou l’abrogation ne sauraient être décidés de manière discrétionnaire par l’administration. Elle s'oppose ainsi à la catégorie des actes non créateurs de droits dont l'abrogation peut intervenir pour tout motif. Du point de vue des effets, les décisions créatrices de droits ont de surcroît pour caractéristique d’être, en principe, la source de droits publics subjectifs et d’obligations administratives. La mise en place d’un régime de sortie de vigueur protecteur est ainsi corrélée avec la possible identification d’un droit au sens conceptuel du terme. Cette nouvelle conception des décisions créatrices de droits ouvre la voie à une analyse renouvelée des règles qui gouvernent leur adoption, leur exécution et leur révocation. Une attention particulière est ainsi portée sur les garanties qui permettent au bénéficiaire de la décision de jouir paisiblement des droits subjectifs et avantages dont il est titulaire, ainsi que sur les mécanismes anciens ou contemporains qui encadrent l’exécution par l’administration de ses obligationsThrough a comprehensive study of the case law, legislation and legal literature, this thesis seeks to propose a renewed definition of the notion of decisions creating rights. In doing so, it critically analyses the legal regime applicable to this category of administrative acts. The definitional work has been carried out from both a functional perspective, relating to the revocation regime, and a conceptual perspective, relating to the effects of decisions creating rights. From a functional point of view, it appeared that the scope of the concept under study was broader than the one that is traditionally used. The category of decisions creating rights thus includes the entirety of individual administrative decisions whose withdrawal or repeal cannot be decided on a discretionary basis by the administration. As regards the effects of decisions creating rights, their main characteristic is that they are, in principle, the source of subjective public rights and administrative obligations. The establishment of a protective revocation regime is thus correlated with the potential identification of a right in a conceptual sense. This new conception of decisions creating rights opens the way to a renewed analysis of the rules governing their adoption, enforcement and revocation. Particular attention is thus paid to the guarantees which allow the beneficiary of the decision to peacefully enjoy the subjective rights and advantages of which he or she is the holder. Furthermore, emphasis is also placed on the various mechanisms which govern the execution of the administration’s obligations
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Risco, Sotil Luis Felipe del. "The eviction due to precarious occupation in the light of the Fourth Civil Cassation Plenaries". IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123012.
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In this article the author show us the situation of the precarious along the eviction process where they are involved. Likewise, he tell us regarding the cumbersome situation and the null legal certainty that existed about this theme before the emission of the Fourth Civil Cassation Plenaries.After the Plenaries, the author points, were given rules to identify this matterand reach uniforms conclusions by judges, which represents an advance in the predictability of the judicial decisions about the eviction by precarious occupation.En el presente artículo el autor no presenta la situación de los precarios y los procesos de desalojos donde se ven involucrados. Asimismo, nos cuenta acerca de la situación engorrosa y la nula seguridad jurídica que existía acerca del tema antes de la emisión del Cuarto Pleno Casatorio Civil. A partir del Pleno, señala el autor, se dieron reglas para identificar este problema y llegar a conclusiones uniformes por parte de los jueces, lo que representa un avance en la predictibilidad de las resoluciones judiciales sobre el desalojo por ocupación precaria.
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Carpio, Patrícia Julia Lewis. "Peruanos comerciantes na Feirinha da Madrugada no bairro do Brás em São Paulo: trabalho, direito à moradia e lazer em contexto de imigração". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8161/tde-25022019-110409/.
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O presente estudo analisa o deslocamento e inserção de imigrantes comerciantes na cidade de São Paulo a partir das histórias de vida de peruanos trabalhadores ambulantes na Feirinha da Madrugada no bairro do Brás. Partindo do depoimento dos entrevistados, assim como das observações de campo à feirinha, dos espaços de lazer e atividades de tempo livre, procurou-se conhecer as diversas dimensões do vivido em contexto de imigração, tendo como principais eixos de análise a questão do trabalho precário, direito à moradia e lazer. Procura-se, contudo contribuir para o conhecimento do fenômeno migratório contemporâneo no Brasil dando um rosto mais humano à abordagem da realidade dos milhares de pessoas que se deslocam em busca de melhores condições de vida, reconhecendo-os como indivíduos sociais, de direito e protagonistas da sua própria história.The present study analyzes the displacement and insertion of commercial immigrants in the city of São Paulo from the life stories of Peruvian mobile workers at Midnight Fair in the district of Brás. Based on the interviewees\' testimony, as well as the field observations to the fair, recreation spaces and free time activities, we sought to know the different dimensions of the lived in immigration context, having as main axes of analysis the issue of precarious work , right to housing and leisure. It seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the contemporary migratory phenomenon in Brazil giving a more humane face in approaching the reality of the thousands of people who move in search of better living conditions, recognizing them as social individuals, in law and protagonists of its own history.
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MARZAL, YETANO Elia. "Constitutionalising Immigration Law: The reformulation of the rights of aliens by the courts in Germany, France and Spain. Precarious and emergent rights". Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4706.
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Defence date: 27 March 2004Examining board: Prof. Francesco Francioni (European University Institute, Florence) ; Prof. Danièle Lochak (Université Paris X-Nanterre) ; Prof. Christian Tomuschat (Humboldt-Universität, Berlin) ; Prof. Jacques Ziller Supervisor (European University Institute, Florence)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
The object of this research is the reconstruction of the existing legal response by European Union states to the phenomenon of immigration. It seeks to analyse the process of conferral of protection. One main dimension is selected and discussed: the case law of the national courts. The study focuses on the legal status of immigrants resulting from the intervention of these national courts. The research shows that although the courts have conferred an increasing protection on immigrants, this has not challenged the fundamental principle of the sovereignty of the states to decide, according to their discretionary prerogatives, which immigrants are allowed to enter and stay in their territories. Notwithstanding the differences in the general constitutional and legal structures, the research also shows that the courts of the three countries considered – France, Germany and Spain – have progressively moved towards converging solutions in protecting immigrants. The research contributes to a better understanding of the different legal orders analysed.
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Buchar, Jan. "Právo stavby a jiné možnosti postavit dům na cizím pozemku". Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-342921.
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Usufructuary right of building and other ways of erecting house on the land of another The purpose of this thesis is to analyse comprehensively the institute of usufructuary right of building and other ways of erecting house on the land of another. Other legal institutes that can be used to set up home on a foreign land are easements, lease, usufructuary lease, precarious loan and loan for use. The Civil Code, after more than sixty years, is returning to the superficial principle, with which is the usufructuary right of building inherently connected and which represents an exception from that principle. Thesis is divided into four parts. The largest is the first part, which deals with the usufructuary right of building. The second part is devoted to other institutes, which enable the establishment of a house on a foreign land. The third part is the comparison of the usufructuary right of building with other institutes. The fourth part focuses on the usufructuary right of building legislation abroad. The focus of this thesis is in the first part, which consists of nine chapters. The first chapter defines the basic concepts and institutes related to the usufructuary right of building. The second chapter describes the history of the usufructuary right of building. The third to the seventh chapter...
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Jamin, Ariane. "Le travail précaire, les femmes et le droit". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20383.
Texto completo da fonteLivros sobre o assunto "Precarious rights"
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Ori, Martina. Vulnerable workers and precarious working. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2013.
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Bruno, Rojas C., e Arze Carlos, eds. País sin industrias, país con empleos precarios: Situación de los derechos laborales en Bolivia, 2011-2012. La Paz: Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo Laboral y Agrario, 2014.
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Markowitz, Lisa Beth. The precarious balance of "scaling up": Women's organizations in the Americas. East Lansing, Mich: Women and International Development, Michigan State University, 2001.
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Hye-jin, Kim. Pijŏnggyu sahoe: Puranjŏng han uri ŭi sam kwa nodong ŭl nŏmŏ. Sŏul: Humanit'asŭ, 2015.
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Steinhilper, Elias. Migrant Protest. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722223.
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Migrant protest has proliferated worldwide in the last two decades, explicitly posing questions of identity, rights, and equality in a globalized world. Nonetheless, such mobilizations are often considered anomalies in social movement studies, and political sociology more broadly, due to "weak interests" and a particularly disadvantageous position of "outsiders" to claim rights connected to citizenship. In an attempt to address this seeming paradox, Migrant Protest: Interactive Dynamics in Precarious Mobilizations explores the interactions and spaces shaping the emergence, trajectory, and fragmentation of migrant protest in unfavorable contexts of marginalization. Such a perspective unveils both the odds of precarious mobilizations and the ways they can be temporarily overcome. While adopting the encompassing terminology of "migrant," this book focuses on precarious migrants, including both asylum seekers and "illegalized" migrants.
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Das Ende der billigen Arbeit in China: Arbeitsrechte, Sozialschutz und Unternehmensförderung für informell Beschäftigte. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, 2011.
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Wŏn, Hye-jŏng. T'ŭksu koyong kwa chendŏ: Haksŭpchi kyosa nŭn wae kŭlloja ka anin'ga? = The special employment and gender : why are home-study teachers' right as workers not guaranteed by the Labor Standard Act? Kyŏnggi-do P'aju-si: P'urŭn Sasang, 2019.
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Risse im Putz: Autonomie, Prekarisierung und autoritärer Sozialstaat. Berlin: Assoziation A, 2008.
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Prekarisierung und Ressentiments: Soziale Unsicherheit und rechtsextreme Einstellungen in Deutschland. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2010.
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Human Rights and Democracy: The Precarious Triumph of Ideals. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2013.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Precarious rights"
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Schifter, Richard. "Human Rights: Established or Precarious?" In Russian Pluralism—Now Irreversible?, 103–23. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-11917-9_7.
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Jerolleman, Alessandra, Elizabeth Marino e Nathan Jessee. "Precarious Possessors and “the Right to (Rebuilding) the City”". In People or Property, 113–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36872-1_6.
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AbstractThis chapter focuses on communities, groups, neighborhoods, individuals, classes of individuals, and families who have a precarious relationship with property. Here, we discuss the ways in which that relationship structures rights to imagine, access, and rebuild infrastructure and social life after a disaster and during processes of relocation as an adaptation to climate change—rights we collectively describe as “the right to rebuilding the city.”
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McSweeney, Terence. "Precarious lives, human rights, and ‘the sense of today'". In Contemporary American Science Fiction Film, 53–69. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003189961-4.
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Canton, Rob. "Troublesome Offenders, Undeserving Patients? The Precarious Rights of Mentally Disordered Offenders". In Mental Health, Crime and Criminal Justice, 28–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137453884_3.
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Nguyen, Hanh, Min Zar Ni Lin e Samukelisiwe Ngwenya. "Effect of the Minimum Wage on Employment Security: The Case of Precarious Workers in Myanmar". In Business and Human Rights in Asia, 127–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7273-9_7.
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Olesen, Annette, Maija Helminen e Emy Bäcklin. "The Penal Voluntary Sector’s Role in the Nordic Countries: A Shadow State?" In Transformations of European Welfare States and Social Rights, 61–80. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46637-3_4.
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AbstractThis chapter analyses and compares the challenges faced by the Danish, Finnish, and Swedish penal voluntary sector organisations (PVSOs). Our data indicates that the main challenges across the three Nordic countries relate to precarious funding structures and disorganised co-operation with the prison and probation services. Furthermore, the Nordic PVSOs are subjected to many similar constraints regarding their independence and critical voice as noted in previous Anglophone research. We argue that neoliberal transformations have increased the importance of Nordic PVSOs and placed them in a sense in a position of a shadow state. We also suggest that the PVSOs’ unstable position compromises prisoners’ and released prisoners’ access to welfare rights and jeopardises their possibilities for successful reintegration.
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Amin, Mudasir. "Creating Archives of Memory: The Precarious Landscapes of Human Rights Documentation in Kashmir". In The Palgrave Handbook of New Directions in Kashmir Studies, 193–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28520-2_12.
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McBride, Bronwyn, e Trachje Janushev. "Criminalisation, Health, and Labour Rights Among Im/migrant Sex Workers Globally". In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights, 153–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_9.
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AbstractThis chapter introduces the structural determinants that shape health and labour rights among im/migrant sex workers globally. It explores issues related to criminalisation, mandatory health testing, precarious immigration status, economic marginalisation, racialisation, racism and discrimination, language barriers, and gender. This chapter examines how these factors shape health access, health outcomes, and labour rights among im/migrant sex workers in diverse contexts. These issues were explored through a review of academic literature, which was complemented by community consultations that elucidate the lived experiences of gender-diverse im/migrant sex workers from Europe and across the globe. Findings illustrate how shifting sex work criminalisation, public health and immigration regulations (e.g. sex worker registration, mandatory HIV/STI testing), and policing practices impact im/migrant sex workers and shape the labour environments in which they work. The chapter subsequently presents recommendations on policy and programmatic approaches to enhance health access and labour rights among im/migrant sex workers. Finally, it concludes by highlighting the ways in which im/migrant sex workers resist social and structural exclusion, stigma, and ‘victim’ stereotypes, highlighting their tenacity and leadership in the fight to advance labour and human rights among im/migrants and sex workers worldwide.
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Parola, Giulia, Margherita Paola Poto e Gabrielle Natividad. "The Stages of the Comic Book Co-creation and the Restitution to the Chiquitano Indigenous People". In Building Bridges for Effective Environmental Participation: The Path of Law Co-Creation, 23–39. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52791-3_3.
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AbstractThis chapter delves into the analysis of the methodological steps of the co-created process involved in producing a comic book, following the steps outlined in Chapter 2. Extensive research material, outlined at the end of the book, was utilized throughout the project in conjunction with co-creation stages and legal research. The project focuses on the Chiquitano people from Mato Grosso, Brazil, specifically the community in Vila Nova Barbecho, due to their precarious environmental situation and human rights violations.
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Hewamanne, Sandya. "Wither Labor and Human Rights? Precarious Work and Informal Economies in the Post- COVID-19 Global South". In International Political Economy Series, 217–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93228-2_10.
Texto completo da fonteTrabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Precarious rights"
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Reis Santos, Mariana. "Does the implementation of special zones of social interest (ZEIS) encourages adequate housing in precarious settlement? The case of San Paolo". In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/hfqf7018.
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With the establishment of the Constitution of 1988, a new approach to urban governance emerged in Brazil. The document brought significant changes regarding the right to the city and adequate housing, in particular, for the urban poor. The recognition of these rights triggered the experimentation with inclusionary policies around the country (Rolnik and Santoro, 2013). As a result, informal settlements started to be acknowledged as part of the formal city and were included in zoning and planning laws. One of the main outcomes of these experiments was the creation of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), a land and housing policy that linked investments on infrastructure in precarious settlements to land regularisation processes. In 2001, ZEIS was incorporated into the City Statute, a document that established a range of collective rights to guide land use and development. Since then, the instrument has gained popularity in the country as a land regularisation tool. Nevertheless, a considerable share of settlements remains poorly built and addressing informality is still a challenge. Therefore, this paper evaluated the co-relation between the implementation of ZEIS, land regularisation processes and provision of basic infrastructure in precarious settlements. More specifically, it measured the quality of State interventions supported by the zoning. By focusing on quality, this article aimed to evaluate whether ZEIS has encouraged adequate housing conditions for the urban poor or reinforced precarious patterns of development. To explore this relationship, a case study was conducted on the performance of ZEIS in Favela of Sapé, a settlement in the West of São Paulo. As a methodology, case studies have become a common option for performing evaluations and analyse what a program, practice or police has achieved (Yin, 2012). Moreover, this research strategy commonly relies on various sources of field-based information (Yin, 2012). Accordingly, this paper comprised mainly primary qualitative data. It also made broad use of content and secondary analysis, with the goal of ensuring validity and reliability. The performance of ZEIS in Sapé demonstrated that since its implementation, in 2001, tenure security and physical characteristics have enhanced considerably in the area, particularly, when it comes to housing quality and provision of basic infrastructure. Nevertheless, these accomplishments are being compromised by a strong process of reoccupation which is supported by illegal organisations. In addition, there is a delay of the Municipality in meeting the demands for housing in the area because of governance issues and mismanagement of financial resources. This scenario, combined with a weak inspection body, has once again permitted the development of precarious housing and infrastructure in the area. It also has compromised the issuance of freehold land titles to the settlement’s dwellers. In other words, the site is under a vicious circle where neither the provision of housing and infrastructure is enough to meet the demand nor the land regularisation is completed because of the reoccupations. In sum, although the implementation of ZEIS seems to have a share of responsibility in Sapé’s upgrading process, the local authorities do not have the capacity of reinforcement necessary to maintain these improvements. Furthermore, it is fair to assume that the current legal framework provided by ZEIS is not adequate for the context of São Paulo and requires further adjustments. Not only because of the complex character of the city, but also because in practice, urban norms may be interpreted differently according to political and cultural conditions (Rolnik, 1997).
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Roberts, Bryony, Lindsay Harkema e Lori Brown. "Spatializing Reproductive Justice". In 112th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.112.42.
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Coined in 1994 by a caucus of Black women activists, reproductive justice is the “human right to maintain personal bodily autonomy, have children, not have children, and parent the children we have in safe and sustainable communities”.1 After the overturn of Roe v. Wade, access to reproductive healthcare is radically restricted across the U.S., compounding systemic race, gender, and class-based inequities that have always made healthcare inaccessible for many. The landmark Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision in 2022 rolled back nearly 50 years of reproductive rights protections and unleashed a plethora of laws that make it more difficult to access reproductive health care, riskier to assist those seeking care, and precarious to teach about issues of race, gender, and sexuality. As stated in the dissenting opinion by Justices Breyer, Sotomayor, and Kagan, “Whatever the exact scope of the coming laws, one result of today’s decision is certain: the curtailment of women’s rights, and of their status as free and equal citizens.”2 In the U.S. today, bodily autonomy and academic freedom are geographically situated. Within this context of curtailed freedoms, architects and educators must confront the spatial realities of these restrictions. New dialogues must emerge at architecture’s intersectional edges – between designers, activists, social justice advocates, legal experts, public health practitioners, and students – to explore how the built environment can better support human lives.
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Kotulovski, Karla, e Sandra Laleta. "THE ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION OF FOREIGN SEASONAL WORKERS: DID THE CORONAVIRUS EMERGENCY WORSEN ALREADY PRECARIOUS WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR?" In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18310.
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Seasonal workers are increasingly important in some Member States as a means to fill the labour market needs. Preferred due to their lower salaries, greater docility and the evasion of administrative and social security obligations, migrant workers are often treated less favourably than domestic workers in terms of employment rights, benefits and access to adequate housing. The agricultural sector of employment is particularly at risk of labour exploitation during harvest seasons and thus associated with atypical or informal forms of employment and precarious working conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic gave visibility to the new risks the seasonal workers are exposed to. In addition, it showed that in some cases such problems can lead to the further spreading of infectious diseases and increase the risk of COVID-19 clusters. The consequences of of the pandemic can be observed in Croatia too. This paper primarily covers the position of third-country nationals who enter and reside in Croatia for the purpose of agricultural seasonal work within the framework of the Seasonal Workers Directive (Directive 2014/36/EU). Significant challenges facing the Croatian labour market have been addressed by means of a comparative approach in order to present the current situation on the EU labour market and suggest potential legal solutions applicable in regard to the national circumstances.
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Kalajanović, Snežana. "PROCES PRIVATIZACIJE I ZAPOSLENI (PRAVA I SLOBODE)". In Razvoj i unapređenje institucije ombudsmana u funkciji zaštite ljudskih prava. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/ruio23.107k.
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The process of transition in Serbia has entered its third decade. Transition implies a break with the former economic pattern and appropriate to it institutional environment, i.e. the transition from one form of economic and social system (non- market or insufficiently market and totalitarian, i.e. populist) into another, completely different system (market and democratic). The privatization process is an important aspect of the transition of the economy from the public to the private sector. The paper focuses on the position and rights of employees during the privatization process and the consequences that privatization can have on the employees of companies that are being privatized, but also on the economy and the market in general. The paper lists the basic models of privatization, with an emphasis on the period after 2000. The most common causes and reasons for employee strikes were analyzed middle classes before, during and after the privatization of the company. The role is indicated unions in privatization and new forms of organizing dissatisfied strikers and participants in public protests. The paper will provide an insight into the negative outcomes of privatization according to the issue of employee rights, but also to show the positive effects not only for employees in privatized companies bur also more widely. The most important negative effects of privatization in Serbia could be reduced to the following:massive loss of jobs, increasing prevalence of precarious work, growth unemployment and poverty of citizens, marginalization of the importance and role of trade unions organizing. The faster the privatization, the more ineffective the strikes became. The positive effects are generally less numerous than the negative ones, but not the same negligible and represent novelties characteristic of a market-oriented society and pursuit of profit.
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Torres, Klícia da Silva. "Labor law: Challenges and perspectives on socioeconomic and cultural dynamics in urban and rural environments". In V Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvmulti2024-112.
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Labor law faces complex challenges given the different socioeconomic and cultural dynamics present in urban and rural environments. With increasing urbanization and transformations in the labor market, it is essential to understand and address these differences to ensure the protection of workers' rights in both contexts. This study aims to analyze the challenges and perspectives of labor law in the face of socioeconomic and cultural dynamics in urban and rural environments. The aim is to identify the main legal issues faced, as well as to propose possible solutions to promote greater equity and social justice in the labor market. The research was conducted through a literature review and comparative analysis of labor legislation applicable to urban and rural environments. Relevant socioeconomic studies and reports were considered, as well as jurisprudence and judicial decisions related to the topics covered. The results reveal a series of challenges faced, such as wage disparities between urban and rural workers, precarious working conditions in agricultural areas and the impacts of technology and automation on urban jobs. The discussion highlights the need for more comprehensive public policies and labor legislation that is sensitive to the particularities of each context, aiming to guarantee the protection and rights of workers in all sectors and regions. Given the different socioeconomic and cultural dynamics present in urban and rural environments, it is concluded that a flexible and contextualized approach to labor law is essential. A joint effort by governments, companies and civil society is needed to face existing challenges and promote greater equality and justice in the labor market, regardless of the location or sector of activity. There is still much to be explored and investigated in the context of the proposed theme. Therefore, we consider this work as a starting point for more in-depth and comprehensive future investigations.
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Torres, Klícia da Silva. "Sustainable development in sugarcane plants: the crucial role of labor law". In V Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvmulti2024-111.
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Labor law plays a crucial role in regulating labor relations in sugarcane mills, a sector of great economic importance in Brazil. In the current context, there is a growing concern about promoting sustainable development in this segment, considering the socio-environmental impacts of sugarcane production. This study aims to analyze the interaction between labor law, sugarcane mills and sustainable development. It only represents a starting point for further investigation. The aim is to investigate how labor laws can contribute to improving working conditions in plants, while promoting sustainable production practices. The research was conducted through bibliographic review and document analysis. Scientific articles, labor legislation and studies on sustainable development in the context of sugar cane mills were reviewed. In addition, reports from companies in the sector and government data related to working conditions and environmental impacts were analyzed. The results revealed that labor legislation plays a fundamental role in protecting the rights of workers in sugarcane mills, addressing issues such as working hours, safety and occupational health. However, there are still challenges to be faced, such as informality and precarious work in some regions. The discussion points to the need for public policies and business practices aimed at promoting sustainable development in the sugar and alcohol sector. This includes investments in clean technologies, responsible environmental management and corporate social responsibility programs. It is concluded that labor law plays an important role in promoting sustainable development in sugarcane mills, by guaranteeing decent working conditions and promoting social justice. However, a joint effort by governments, companies and civil society is needed to face socio-environmental challenges and guarantee a sustainable future for the sector.
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Utting, Brittany. "Company Town: Housing for Houston". In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.56.
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The Company Town was a phenomenon of the early twentieth century in which a single corporation would build housing, commercial, and community facilities for its employees, providing for all aspects of its employee’s daily lives. Financed by industrial tycoons, these Company Towns often became mechanisms to police worker behavior and lifestyles, creating isolated communities hostile to labor organization and marked by class paternalism and monopoly economics. Ultimately, the Company Town model declined due to a combination of fac¬tors, not only its exploitative tendencies but also including the rising prosperity of workers, an increase in government-funded public facilities such as schools and libraries, and the afford¬ability of private transportation [1]. These changes made the Company Town’s proximity between housing and factory no longer necessary, resulting not only in the dispersal of these workers but also in the loss of the concentrated power of their collective presence. Despite its failure as a model for urban settlement, the Company Town occasionally became a space of radical change for labor rights. The shared experience of workers uniting over common hardships produced significant victories for labor activists and worker unions, spurred on by organized action such as the Pullman Strike and railroad boycott in 1894 in Chicago [2]. Through the lens of the Company Town, the studio asked if this model of housing could offer clues to developing new forms of solidarity and support for one of the most precarious conditions of labor today: the seasonal Amazon fulfillment worker. By developing worker-owned housing adjacent to the Amazon HOU1 Warehouse in Houston’s outer loop, students proposed an alternative version of the Company Town, cooperatively owned and governed by co-workers rather than a corporate employer.
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Alonso, Miguel, Bruna Costa e Luca Ribeiro. "Trying to read: the "In Memorian" artwork". In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.124.
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In this presentation we will analyze the multimedia artwork In Memorian, 2021, from the Research Group Realidades (School of Communication and Arts of University of São Paulo, ECA-USP, Brazil). The artwork is a web art that deals with the visualization of data from the coronavirus pandemic in Brazil. These data are appropriated from online databases and it works as the rule of loss of information from 1988’s Brazilian Federal Constitution, Title II - Of Fundamental Rights and Guarantees. The text is fragmented proportionally to Brazilian population and, then, loses its information, pixel by pixel, according to the daily number of deaths by covid-19 in the country. The authors of this presentation are members of the Realidades Group, thus, this analysis will be filled with our creative processes, poetic motivations and the development phases of the artwork. In Memorian exposes the precarious situation of the democratic rights guaranteed by the mentioned article of the Brazilian constitution. Brazil couldn't control covid-19 pandemic. Researches pointed out that it was due to a series of omissions and failures by public managers, mainly the federal government. However, the democratic rights have been under attack for longer. Brazil’s political scene has become dominated by openly conservative, "anti-politics" and "anti-science" wills, quite driven by desinformation and fake news. And all these relationships are fundamental to the development of the work. It seeks to materialize and illustrate hundreds of thousands of deaths in order to make visible the colossal size of human loss. The amount of deaths shatter the black words over the white background, damaging the text and making the reading more difficult. On the work’s website, the text is exhibited in perspective and can be vertically scrolled. It also contains an interactive ruler that shows the Brazilian daily and total number of deaths, enabling the interactor to move across the timeline. The visual character of a ‘monument for the dead’ complaints the governmental negligence that causes this amount of suffering, actions that must not be simply forgotten. In addition, it points out the need for more transparency of covid’s diagnosis and deaths registration and comments on the alarming political scenario that surrounds the sanitary crisis. Furthermore, this artwork is a data visualization piece, which is a very much explored technique used by multimedia artists. We will address its usage to enhances the visibility of things that are often hard to see. We will show another similar artwork in theme, 'Inumeráveis”, 2020, created by a collective of volunteer artists and journalists. Claiming that "alive or dead, we will never be [just] a number", the site is an online monument that features shared stories about the victims, giving individuality to each of them. In Memorian was in the online exhibition EmMeio#13 associated with the Panoramas 2021 event. Additionally, we point out its interaction in different social networks and its own numerical and online nature. The pandemic crisis in Brazil and around the world is not a past reality, still claiming countless lives. Unfortunately, the artwork remains operational.
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Pérez Valecillos, Tomás. "La conjunción de actores antagónicos en la gestión comunitaria: asentamientos urbanos precarios". In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Concepción: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7389.
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In a more urbanized world, the urban development will depend in great measure on the
administrative capacity of the cities, and on the active participation of their citizens. Therefore,
the participation of the citizens and their human rights are critical aspects on an
adequate city governability since it concentrates its attention in those that are actually excluded,
and on those that do not have access to the social, economic, and political resources
of the city. Because of it, the urban gorvernability aspire the cities to become more
efficient, equivalent, secure and sustainable through participatory decisions, in which
not only Estate and local Governments are involved, but also, the Civil Society (economic
and social actors, communitarian institutions, mass media and technical aid).
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Connery, Chelsea. "Detained Immigrant Minors' Human Right to Education: Precariously Protected by Settling for the Flores Agreement". In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1441985.
Texto completo da fonteRelatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Precarious rights"
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Rudman, Debbie Laliberte, e Rebecca M. Aldrich. Social Isolation, Third Places, and Precarious Employment Circumstances: A Scoping Review. University of Western Ontario, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/otpub.2022.54.
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Rising rates of social isolation in Canada and other middle- and high-income countries have turned scholarly attention to the kinds of places that facilitate social connections. “Third places” - physical and virtual places beyond home (first places) and work (second places) - are thought to foster social interaction, connection, belonging, and support. This evidence brief reports on a SSHRC funded knowledge synthesis that linked understandings about “third places” with situations of precarious employment, given that people facing precarious employment circumstances often lack the social opportunities and resources associated with stable workplaces. This scoping review assessed what is known about the types and characteristics of “third places” that help maintain social connectedness and address social isolation for adults experiencing precarious employment circumstances. The project examined English-language research articles published in multidisciplinary academic journals between 2012 and 2022. The review captured diverse forms of employment (i.e., gig work, involuntary part-time work, seasonal work, temporary migrant work) characterized as transient, non-permanent, unpredictable, having few worker protections or rights, and associated with low or unpredictable remuneration, as well as cyclical and long-term unemployment. In addition to synthesizing study results, findings attend to how studies addressed diverse social positions and studies’ geographic locations, methodologies, methods, and quality. The goal of the project was to understand the current state of knowledge on this topic; create dialogue about how social isolation can be addressed through precarious workers’ engagement with “third places”; and identify opportunities for stakeholders to partner on place-based interventions with people experiencing precarious employment circumstances.
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Martin, Matthew. The Crisis of Extreme Inequality in SADC: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Oxfam, Development Finance International, Norwegian Church Aid, maio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8793.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the extreme inequality in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and pushed millions into poverty. The economic crisis continues due to the obscene global vaccine inequality. As of end March 2022, a dismal 14% of SADC citizens had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, compared with 65.5% in the United States and 73% in the European Union. In 2021, with infections rising in SADC, the critical health, social protection and economic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 were rolled back and replaced with austerity, in the context of growing debt burdens and lack of external support for country budgets. Such austerity has been built into IMF programmes in the region. Recovering from the pandemic, however, offers SADC governments a once-in-a-generation opportunity to do what their citizens want: increase taxes on the wealthy and large corporations, boost public spending (especially on healthcare, education and social protection), and increase workers’ rights as well as tackling joblessness and precarious work. With external support, including through debt relief and aid, they could reduce inequality drastically and eliminate extreme poverty by 2030.
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Martin, Matthew. The Crisis of Extreme Inequality in SADC: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Oxfam, Development Finance International, Norwegian Church Aid, maio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8793.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the extreme inequality in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and pushed millions into poverty. The economic crisis continues due to the obscene global vaccine inequality. As of end March 2022, a dismal 14% of SADC citizens had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, compared with 65.5% in the United States and 73% in the European Union. In 2021, with infections rising in SADC, the critical health, social protection and economic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 were rolled back and replaced with austerity, in the context of growing debt burdens and lack of external support for country budgets. Such austerity has been built into IMF programmes in the region. Recovering from the pandemic, however, offers SADC governments a once-in-a-generation opportunity to do what their citizens want: increase taxes on the wealthy and large corporations, boost public spending (especially on healthcare, education and social protection), and increase workers’ rights as well as tackling joblessness and precarious work. With external support, including through debt relief and aid, they could reduce inequality drastically and eliminate extreme poverty by 2030.