Bibliografias temáticas / Power Trains

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Power Trains"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 31 de janeiro de 2023

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Power Trains"

Milivoj Mandić, Ivo Uglešić e Viktor Milardić. "ELECTRIC RAILWAY POWER CONSUMPTION". Journal of Energy - Energija 58, n.º 4 (16 de setembro de 2022): 384–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2009584306.

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The electric railways is a specific consumer of the electric power system. For the purpose of using electric energy rationally and making adequate savings, efforts are made to optimize electric energy consumption of electric trains and other electric railway facilities. The work shows the train movement simulation algorithm which serves to determine primarily the mechanical and then also the electric power required for traction. The sections of the electrified tracks are supplied from the electric traction substation (TS) and, for the requirements of the electric traction calculation, an electric network is formed. Based on the maximum time table for a certain time period, calculation is done of the electric circumstances; electricity, voltage, electric power, as well as the total consumed electric energy. For the determination of the electric energy supply of the traction unit, movement resistances of the certain train on each section need to be calculated. Input data necessary for such a calculation are the tracks profile parameters, planned movement speeds on certain sections, and the properties of the train and the locomotive. Besides the train movement simulation model, the article also shows the analysis of impact factors on the electric energy consumption for the electromotor train which travels the Croatian suburban rails. The results are obtained by the train movement simulation algorithm, by virtue of which the locations of trains are calculated, as well as their mechanical and electric powers necessary for traction. The particular example of the supply of the existing SS serves for comparing the results obtained by electric traction calculation and measurement. Some of the results are given of the electric traction simulation for the Zaprešić SS at the supply of the suburban Podsused factory − Samobor − Bregana which is planned for construction.

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Agunov, Alexander, Valeriy Varentsov e Denis Sokolov. "The specificities of power loss calculation in electric traction network with allowance for movement of power consuming devices". Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University, n.º 4 (20 de março de 2019): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2018-4-491-497.

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Summary Objective: To study the speciﬁcities of average currents and power loss calculation in electric traction networks in conditions of constantly changing load. Methods: Probabilistic methods of calculation were applied. Results: Occurrence probability of a certain number of trains in an inter-substation zone was calculated on the basis of train schedule analysis. Calculations of currents and power loss in different elements of a traction energy system with a ﬁxed number of trains in an inter-substation zone were given. It was found that the obtained values of currents and power loss correspond with their occurrence probability depending on the number of trains in an inter-substation zone. For reasons given, a conclusion was made that average values of currents and power loss in traction network elements may be considered as expectation values. Due to the presence of trains with different weight in an inter-substation zone, the method of reducing the currents of these trains to averaged values based on occurrence probabilities of the currents in question was shown for trains with relevant weight range as well as their expectation values. Practical importance: Due to constant electric traction load displacement in an inter-substation zone, and uneven current consumption as well as the presence of a different number of trains, the conducted calculations based on probabilistic methods are the most applicable for determination of energy consumption and power loss in traction energy systems.

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Salgado, David R., e J. M. Del Castillo. "Selection and Design of Planetary Gear Trains Based on Power Flow Maps". Journal of Mechanical Design 127, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2005): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1828458.

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It is shown that for any planetary gear train (PGT) it is possible to find the relationship existing between the transmission ratio of the train and the power transmitted through each gear pair (gearing power). Specifically, for trains of five and six members, this functional dependence generates a family of curves parameterized by the transmission ratio. A plot of this family of curves is called a power flow map. It allows one to identify those trains that have a potentially high efficiency. In particular, it identifies the transmissions which present power recirculation, a condition that is generally undesirable. Also, an analysis of the power flow maps for the six-member trains leads to the conclusion that, for most of these trains, there is a single expression for the efficiency. The interest of the proposed method is that it is only necessary to know the expression for the PGT’s transmission ratio in order to obtain its power flow map. Also, the map is independent of the constructional solution that is adopted for the train. Finally, the power maps that are obtained are used to find alternatives to the designs of a train consisting of several stages of a basic four-member PGT.

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Alnuman, Hammad, Daniel Gladwin e Martin Foster. "Electrical Modelling of a DC Railway System with Multiple Trains". Energies 11, n.º 11 (19 de novembro de 2018): 3211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113211.

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Electrical modelling of rail tracks with multiple running trains is complex due to the difficulties in solving the power flow. The train positions, speed and acceleration are constantly varying resulting in a nonlinear system. In this work, a method is proposed for modelling DC electric railways to support power flow analysis of a simulated metro train service. The method exploits the MathWorks simulation tool Simscape, using it to model the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the rail track system. The model can be simulated to provide voltages at any position in the track and additionally, the voltages seen by any train. The model includes regenerative braking on trains, this is demonstrated to cause overvoltage in the feeding line if it is higher than the power demand of the other trains at that time. Braking resistors are used to protect the network from overvoltage by burning the excess energy. Through the implementation of Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), it will be possible to improve the energy efficiency and remove timetabling restrictions of electric railways by effectively controlling the rail track voltage. The paper proposes several methods to validate the model.

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Wang, Jibao, e Hailin Jiang. "Location-Based LTE-M Uplink Power Control and Radio Resource Scheduling". Sensors 22, n.º 4 (14 de fevereiro de 2022): 1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041474.

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Long-Term Evolution for Metro (LTE-M) is adopted as the data communication system in urban rail transit to exchange bio-direction train-wayside information. Reliable data communication is essential in LTE-M systems for ensuring trains’ operation safety and efficiency. However, the inter-cell inference problem exists in LTE results in throughput reduction, especially when trains are in the edge area of adjacent cells, and has negative effects on train operation. The uplink power control and radio resource scheduling scheme is studied in LTE-M system which differentiates from public cellular networks in user numbers and the availability of the trains’ locations. Since the locations of the trains are available, the interferences from the neighbouring cells can be calculated, and a location based algorithm together with soft frequency reuse is designed. In addition, a proportional fair algorithm is taken to improve uplink radio resource scheduling considering the fairness to different train-wayside communication service requirements. Through simulation, the practicability of the proposed schemes in communication system of urban rail transit is verified in aspects of radio power control and data communication throughput.

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Seferi, Yljon, Steven M. Blair, Christian Mester e Brian G. Stewart. "Power Quality Measurement and Active Harmonic Power in 25 kV 50 Hz AC Railway Systems". Energies 13, n.º 21 (30 de outubro de 2020): 5698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215698.

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Railway electrical networks rated at 25 kV 50 Hz are characterised by significant levels of voltage and current harmonics. These frequency components are also time varying in nature due to the movement of trains and changing operational modes. Processing techniques used to evaluate harmonic results, although standardised, are not explicitly designed for railway applications, and the smoothing effect that the standard aggregation algorithms have on the measured results is significant. This paper analyses the application accuracy of standardised power quality (PQ) measurement algorithms, when used to measure and evaluate harmonics in railway electrical networks. A shorter aggregation time interval is proposed for railway power quality measurement instruments, which offers more accurate estimated results and improved tracking of time varying phenomena. Harmonic active power present in railway electrical networks is also evaluated in order to quantify the impact it has on the energy accumulated by electrical energy meters installed on-board trains. Analysis performed on 12 train journeys shows significant levels of non-fundamental active power developed for short periods of time. As an energy meter will inadvertently absorb the financial cost of non-fundamental energy produced by other trains or other external power flows, results are provided to support recommendations for future standards to measure only fundamental frequency energy within train energy measurement meters.

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Hyman, Mario, e Mohd Hasan Ali. "A Novel Model for Wind Turbines on Trains". Energies 15, n.º 20 (15 de outubro de 2022): 7629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207629.

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Wind turbines that are consistently exposed to the air displaced by moving trains have a high potential for energy generation. Researchers have developed mathematical models to simulate wind energy generation from turbines on moving trains but there are significant gaps in the developed model theory. Most models do not consider the negative effects that additional aerodynamic drag, increased weight, and modified dimensions can have on the train’s operation. To overcome the drawbacks of existing models, this work proposes a novel approach of modeling the wind turbines on trains by considering wind turbine exposure only when the train is decelerating or stationary. There are no models that consider all of these realistic physical effects as a function of time. Real-time analysis and power-system simulations showed that the proposed model could produce over 3 MJ of net energy for favorable train trips. The simulated load profile met the demand of a 1 KW generator connected to onboard electrical components. Some recommendations on possible future research on wind turbines on trains are explained.

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Gu, Qing, Tao Tang, Fang Cao, Hamid Reza Karimi e Yongduan Song. "Peak Power Demand and Energy Consumption Reduction Strategies for Trains under Moving Block Signalling System". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/940936.

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In the moving block signalling (MBS) system where the tracking target point of the following train is moving forward with its leading train, overload of the substations occurs when a dense queue of trains starts (or restarts) in very close distance interval. This is the peak power demand problem. Several methods have been attempted in the literature to deal with this problem through changing train’s operation strategies. However, most existing approaches reduce the service quality. In this paper, two novel approaches—“Service Headway Braking” (SHB) and “Extending Stopping Distance Interval” (ESDI)—are proposed according to available and unavailable extra station dwell times, respectively. In these two methods, the restarting times of the trains are staggered and traction periods are reduced, which lead to the reduction of peak power demand and energy consumption. Energy efficient control switching points are seen as the decision parameters. Nonlinear programming method is used to model the process. Simulation results indicate that, compared with ARL, peak power demands are reduced by 40% and 20% by applying SHB and ESDI without any arrival time delay, respectively. At the same time, energy consumptions are also reduced by 77% and 50% by applying SHB and ESDI, respectively.

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Hsieh, Long Chang, e Tzu Hsia Chen. "On the Kinematics and Statics of Planetary Simple Gear Reducers". Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (novembro de 2012): 2165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.2165.

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The power system equipped in machinery contains power source (motor or engine) and gear reducer to get large output torque. The rotation speed of motor is made higher and higher to attach high power with the same volume. Hence, the reduction ratio of gear reducer is required to be higher and higher. Planetary gear trains can be used as the gear reducers with high reduction ratio. However, the planetary gear train with high reduction ratio is compound gear system. This paper proposes planetary simple gear reducers with high reduction ratio. According to train value equation, the kinematic design of planetary simple gear trains with high reduction ratio is accomplished. Some design examples are designed to illustrate the design algorithm. Also, in this paper, the static force analysis is carried out to prove the kinematic design is right. Based on the proposed algorithm, all planetary simple gear trains with high reduction ratio can be synthesized.

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Cantone, L. "Simulation of freight trains with up to three traction units in radio communication". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1214, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2022): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1214/1/012039.

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Abstract Paper reports the main results of a systematic study on longitudinal train dynamics (LTD) of long freight trains, equipped with radio communication. The simulation results have been used to prepare an experimental test campaign to test the Distributed Power System (DPS) technology. The simulations refer to up/down and level track and they compare the LTD of trains with and without DPS, for different train operations and radio link conditions. The DPS technology is proved (by simulations and test) to be a very effective way to increase the efficiency of future freight trains.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Power Trains"

Anun, Matias. "Electric vehicle power trains : high-performance control for constant power load stabilization". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50093.

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The development of sustainable transport systems has experienced great improvements in the last 15 years. As a result, electric vehicles, namely hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), are slowly starting to coexist with regular internal combustion vehicles around the world. The complex powering structure of automotive electric systems can be described as a distributed multiconverter architecture. In pursuit of performance, constant-power behavior of tightly regulated downstream converters has raised as an important challenge in terms of system stability and controllability. The first part of this work presents the theory and experimental validation of the unstable behavior introduced by constant-power loads (CPLs) in power converters, more precisely in a Buck+Boost cascade converter as the battery charge/discharge unit. The second part of this work presents the derivation of the Circular Switching Surfaces (CSS) and the implementation of the CSS-based control technique for CPL stabilization. The analysis shows that the constant-power load trajectories and the proposed CSS present a wide, stable operating area and near-optimal transient response. Furthermore, impedance analysis of the converter in close-loop control shows advantageous reduced output source impedance. This extremely high dynamic capability prevents the use of bulky DC capacitors for bus stabilization, and allows the implementation of metal-film capacitors, which have reliability advantages over commonly employed electrolytic capacitors, as well as reduced ESR to improve system efficiency. Beyond the improved stabilization properties of the proposed CCS-based controller, a comparison with traditional compensated linear controller and nonlinear SMC highlights significant improvements in terms of dynamic response for sudden CPL changes. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the work. The last part of this thesis work presents the design, construction, and testing of a high-power 3-phase converter. This platform is intended for electric motor driving and is able to manage 20kW of power flow and above, making it suitable for high power traction system development. The platform features an Intelligent Power Module (IPM) to provide with flexibility allowing for changing the power module according to the requirements of the development. Testing of the platform was done in a 0.5HP AC induction motor drive controlled with Voltz-per-Hertz control technique. The integration of the BCDU and the high-power 3-phase motor drive platform conform a high-power bidirectional motor drive platform for the development and testing of control techniques for energy management in EV.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Diego-Ayala, Ulises. "An investigation into hybrid power trains for vehicles with regenerative braking". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7407.

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Janakiraman, Venkatakrishna. "Modelling of Steady-State and Transient Power Losses in Planetary Gear Trains". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492510708602145.

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Naylor, Stephen Mark. "On the development of power drive trains for hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2439.

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The world faces a major problem. Fossil fuel sources are finite and the economic and environmental cost of those that actually remain make finding an alternative one of the great technological challenges of our age. Nearly 70% of refined oil is used for transportation making it one of the key sectors where change could yield large-scale global benefits. Combustion engine passenger vehicle technology is after a long period of stagnation progressing at a pace. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are also starting to penetrate the mass market. Unfortunately, HEVs do not remove our dependency on oil and the prospects of battery technology advancing sufficiently to allow BEVs to progressively replace the entire oil fuelled vehicles are currently slim. Their limited range and long recharge times prohibit them being useful for most modes of driving. One solution to the problem may be hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (H2FCEVs) as they offer great promise, but realistically face many challenges. The fuel cell allowed man to voyage to the moon in the 1960s and recent material advances have enabled them to be packaged into motor vehicles, so providing a zero emission replacement for the internal combustion engine. However, substantial infrastructure and geopolitical changes are required to make hydrogen production and delivery economic but this gas potentially offers a clean and sustainable energy pathway to entirely replace fossil fuels in motor vehicles. Few reported studies have comprehensively examined the optimal method of building power drive train subsystems and integrating them into an architecture that delivers energy from a fuel cell into driven road wheels. This project investigated the optimisation on the most efficient drive train topology using critical analysis and computer modeling to determine a practical system. No single drivetrain was found suitable for all driving modes and worldwide markets as the current ones typically offered either optimal performance or optimal efficiency. Consequently, a new drivetrain topology was proposed, developed, tested with a simulation environment that yielded efficiency and performance gains over existing systems. Also analysed was the effect of wider vehicle design optimisation to the development of sustainable hydrogen powered passenger vehicles and this was set against the wider social, scientific and engineering challenges that fuel cell adoption will face.

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Zafeiropoluos, Andreas. "An MMC-based topology with Dual-Active-Bridge power channels for load balancing in 50 Hz-railway applications". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-201656.

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The purpose of this thesis report is to investigate challenges related to railway electrification. Inac-railway systems, trains are most often single-phase loads, which can create significantunbalances in the grid, when fed directly from two adjacent phases. To enhance power quality atthe railway feeding point, one alternative is to design the system such as the power is fed to thecatenary through Static Frequency Converters (SFCs), which can be a costly solution. Anotheroption is to use Static Compensators (STATCOMs) in shunt connections, handling only theunbalanced amount of power, in order to symmetrize the railway load as seen from the grid side.Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are the state of the art solutions for medium- and highvoltage/power converter applications, such as load balancing and reactive-power compensation.This project will focus on analyzing Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) topologies to be usedas load balancers in railway systems. However, the specific requirements of this application reveala potential weakness of MMCs. That is the asymmetrical character of the load may require muchhigher device rating in an MMC compared to a conventional converter, due to the symmetrizingcomponents to rebalance the capacitor voltages in the submodules.This project analyzes a reduced MMC-based topology with only two branches in order to meet therailway load-balancing characteristics. This chain-link compensator uses dc-dc converters tofacilitate power channels in order to restore the power imbalance, without overrating thesemiconductors in the main current path.
Syftet med detta examensarbete är att studera de svårigheter som elektrifierade järnvägar står inför.När systemet utgörs av växelström kan tågen ses som en enfas last, vilket kan skapa avsevärdaobalanser i nätet då det matas från två intilliggande faser. En alternativ systemdesign för att uppnåen god effekt leverans uppnås då effekten är matad till kontaktledningen genom statiska frekvensomräknare (SFCs), detta kan dock vara en kostsam lösning. Ett annat alternativ är att användastatisk shunt kompensation (STATCOMs) som selektivt kan hantera den obalanserade effekten föratt uppnå symmetri och balans i järnvägslasten, sett från nätets sida.Modulära multiomriktare (MMCs) är en ledande teknik för omriktare till applikationer på mellanochhögspännings nivå, till exempel för lastbalans och reaktiv kompensering. Detta projektanalyserar modulära multiomriktare för lastbalansering i järnvägssystem. Kraven för dennaapplikation leder till en potentiell svaghet i MMCs där den asymmetriska karaktären på lastenkräver högre märkeffekt jämfört med konventionella omriktare. Detta på grund av de komponentersom återskapar symmetri och balans i kondensator spänningarna i submodulerna.Här analyseras en reducerad variant av MMC-baserad topologi med enbart två grenar för att mötakraven på järnvägens lastbalans. Denna kedjelänk-kompensator använder dc-dc omriktare för attstyra effektflödet till lasten vid obalanserad effekt, utan att för den skull överdimensionerahalvledarna i den ordinarie strömvägen.

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Lium, Frode. "30 kW Power Boost System for Drive Trains for Electric Vehicles Based on Supercapacitor Technologies". Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Power Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9554.

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The goal of the master thesis is to design, dimension and construct a power boost system for the drive trains in electric vehicles, utilizing supercapacitor technology. In order to build the system a supercapacitor bank and a converter has been constructed. The system has been designed to be used in the new Think electric vehicle, and each part of the converter has been dimensioned according to information provided by Think Technology. The master thesis is limited to the design and construction of the power boost system, and the implementation, interfacing and control of power sharing have not been dealt with. The supercapacitor bank and the converter are built based on analytical computations and simulations. The supercapacitor bank can store up to 100 Wh and is built from 90 series connected cells rated 1500 F each. The bidirectional DC DC converter is based on a standard intelligent power module with three legs in a bridge configuration and three inductors. An interleaved switching sequence is selected for the operation of the legs and each IGBT is capable of switching 150 A at 600 V. The thermal management of this module is solved with the use of a heat sink with fans for forced air flow. The inductors are made from amorphous alloys and copper foil, achieving an inductance of 0.25 mH and a maximum current rating of 100 A. Voltage smoothing capacitors and measuring devices have also been implemented in the converter design. The results presented are held to be accurate, all though measurements gathered are affected to a certain degree by noise in the system. Based on tests of the various components, it is concluded that the power boost system is an up to date system and has achieved the design goals of delivering 30 kW for 12 seconds. Some tests are yet to be completed in order to make sure that the system works in continuous operation. Further work based on this master thesis should include more extensive testing on the system, and perform an optimization of the supercapacitor bank and the inductors. The intelligence for optimized load sharing must be created, and a communication interface with the power control unit in the Think electric vehicle must be made.

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Bastin, Matthew. "An investigation into the effects of hybrid electric vehicle power-trains on ride and handling". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/67141/.

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Hybrid electric vehicles are becoming increasingly common within the automotive market. Whilst there have been a large number of studies investigating hybrid electric vehicle drive-train control, for efficiency and active safety purposes, there is little work reflecting the effects of such technologies on pure vehicle dynamics. This thesis investigates the effects of hybrid drive-trains on vehicle ride and handling. A specific case study based on the hybridisation of a conventionally powered vehicle into a series hybrid electric vehicle is utilised as a means of doing so. In order to investigate the effects of the hybrid drive-train components on the vehicle’s ride and handling responses, detailed multibody models of both the Standard Vehicle (SV) and the hybrid General Technology Vehicle (GTV) were produced. As work was conducted in parallel with the Low Carbon Vehicle Technology Project (LCVTP), these models were created in a modular and physical fashion, as to allow for their easy parameterisation and adaption into other hybrid vehicle architectures. Prior to detailed investigation the standard vehicle model was successfully validated against real world test data collected as part of this work. Model responses for both the standard and hybrid vehicle models were investigated and analysed in the ride and handling domain. Ride analysis focused on statistical investigation of contact patch load and occupant comfort levels inside the vehicle. It was shown that there was a higher comfort region within both vehicles around the Cog and spring centre, as these two vehicle parameters moved with changes that were made to the GTV, the occupants within were subjected to different comfort levels. As the weight shifted rearwards in the GTV, occupants seated at the front were subjected to higher levels of discomfort, however those in the rear actually saw a slight increase in comfort levels. Levels of vertical acceleration within the GTV were found to generally be slightly larger, resulting from increased pitch and bounce motions due to an increase in coupling between these modes. Furthermore levels of low speed damping on the GTV were shown to be incorrect for its new mass parameters, which led to a further deterioration in ride quality. The handling analysis took on a novel form of investigating trends in specific handling metrics over the entire vehicle operating range. Said trends were then investigated further through more detailed model outputs. The GTV was shown to have a lower understeer gradient than the SV, due to the rearward shift in mass distribution and stiffer rear suspension. Transient handling responses were shown to be quite speed and manoeuvre specific, but all differences between the two vehicles could be explained by the differences in their dynamic indices and understeer gradients. Lateral acceleration response times were governed by the dynamic index and were always slower for the GTV, the magnitude of these responses were speed dependant, below the GTV’s tangent speed they were smaller than the SV’s, however above this speed they were larger. Yaw rate responses were more mixed, but were also seen to be governed by the dynamics index, at lower speeds or during simple unidirectional manoeuvres the GTV could obtain large faster yaw rates than the SV, during a transient to transient manoeuvre the GTV’s yaw rate responses were generally smaller, this was seen to be due to the way in which a higher dynamic index effects rear tyre slip angle generation having a larger effect at low speeds but a smaller effect when large slip angles are already present at the rear tyres. The results obtained have given a clear picture of how the inclusion of hybrid drive-trains can affect vehicle ride and handling. Something that was re-enforced by the results being generalised and applied to a few types of hybrid vehicle architecture in order to make recommendations on layout/packaging of these vehicles and highlight areas of importance for future hybrid vehicle design in terms of ride and handling.

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Smith, Michael Henry. "Vehicle powertrain modeling and ratio optimization for a continuously variable transmission". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17801.

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Nortemann, Alexander. "Development of a mechatronic transmission control system for the drivetrain of the K71 project". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014.

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The tractive force has to be interrupted during a gear-shifting operation in a manual vehicle transmission, leading into a decrease of speed while changing gears during the acceleration process. Therefore in a racing application, the shifting time has to be as short as possible so that the required performance of a racing car can be achieved. The following dissertation describes the development of a transmission control system to enable gear changes within a manual gearbox, which was designed for the Formula Student racing series. Various solutions were developed on the basis of reviewed literature, technical data of components and experiences of Formula Student teams. Following this, a comparison of the concepts by means of a utility analysis identified the pneumatic actuation of selector forks to be the most suitable concept. This was mainly due to the expected shifting time, the weight, and its advantageous energy supply requirement. After the selection of the actuators and the position sensors, the system was implemented into the drivetrain to check the tment and the technical feasibility. To draw conclusions regarding the shifting time and to prove the functionality of the system, an open test bench was constructed. Additionally, the hardware and software had to be developed to enable the test run. After the manufacturing and assembling of the test bench, the optimal settings for the test run were determined. By comparing the achieved shifting time of alternative solutions, an improvement in the driving performance of a Formula Student race car is probable.

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Pfeiffer, Jakob [Verfasser], Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Diepold, Klaus [Gutachter] Diepold e Dirk [Gutachter] Wollherr. "Self-Learning Enhancement of the Measurement Quality for Electric Power Trains / Jakob Pfeiffer ; Gutachter: Klaus Diepold, Dirk Wollherr ; Betreuer: Klaus Diepold". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237413303/34.

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Mais fontes

Livros sobre o assunto "Power Trains"

Manual drivetrains and axles. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson, 2009.

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Manual drive trains and axles. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Career & Technology, 1994.

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W, Birch Thomas. Manual drive trains and axles. 2^a ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999.

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Chris, Johanson, ed. Auto drive trains technology. South Holland, Ill: Goodheart-Willcox, 1995.

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Chuck, Rockwood, ed. Manual drivetrains and axles. 5^a ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2008.

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Sharon, Clapp, e Deere & Company., eds. Power trains: A service, testing, and maintenance guide for power trains in off-road vehicles, trucks, and buses. 7^a ed. Moline, IL: Deere & Company, 2005.

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Mashadi, Behrooz. Vehicle powertrain systems. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley, 2012.

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Marsden, C. J. The power of the HSTs. Hersham, Surrey: Oxford Pub. Co., 2006.

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Aksenov, P. V. Mnogoosnye avtomobili. 2^a ed. Moskva: "Mashinostroenie", 1989.

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Heavy duty drivetrains: The system and component application. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1991.

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Mais fontes

Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Power Trains"

Roth, Lawrence O., e Harry L. Field. "Power Trains". In An Introduction to Agricultural Engineering: A Problem-Solving Approach, 48–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1425-7_6.

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Roth, Lawrence O., e Harry L. Field. "Power Trains". In Introduction to Agricultural Engineering, 48–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3594-2_6.

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Carroll E. Goering and Alan C. Hansen. "CHAPTER 15 Power Trains". In Engine & Tractor Power, 4th Edition, 365–416. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24135.

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Liljedahl, John B., Paul K. Turnquist, David W. Smith e Makoto Hoki. "Transmissions and Drive Trains". In Tractors and their Power Units, 360–402. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6632-4_13.

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Arnaudov, Kiril, e Dimitar Petkov Karaivanov. "Types of Power in A I ¯ -Planetary Gear Train". In Planetary Gear Trains, 109–12. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429458521-10.

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Hofman, Theo, e Maarten Steinbuch. "Topology Optimization of Hybrid Power Trains". In Optimization and Optimal Control in Automotive Systems, 181–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05371-4_11.

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Dobreva, Antoaneta. "Theoretical Investigation of the Energy Efficiency of Planetary Gear Trains". In Power Transmissions, 289–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6558-0_21.

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Arnaudov, Kiril, e Dimitar Karaivanov. "Alternative Method for Analysis of Complex Compound Planetary Gear Trains: Essence and Possibilities". In Power Transmissions, 3–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6558-0_1.

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Arnaudov, Kiril, Dimitar Karaivanov e Lubomir Dimitrov. "Some Practical Problems of Distribution and Equalization of Internal Loads in Planetary Gear Trains". In Power Transmissions, 585–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6558-0_47.

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Lafoz, Marcos, Gustavo Navarro, Marcos Blanco e Jorge Torres. "Energy Storage Systems for Power Supply of Ultrahigh Speed Hyperloop Trains". In Smart Cities, 244–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38889-8_19.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Power Trains"

Cantone, Luciano. "Application of UIC 421 procedure to Freight Trains fitted with a Distribute Power System". In EuroBrake 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/1225127eb2021-ibc-011.

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Within the Innovative Programme 5 (IP5) of Shift 2 Rail (S2R) initiative (“Moving European Railway Forward”), The Open Call Project, Marathon2Operation (M2O), has cooperated with the FR8RAIL II Project to demonstrate the feasibility of freight trains equipped with Distributed Power System (DPS), using wireless communication to control the Traction Units (TUs). At this aim, the TrainDy software has been used as computational tool for Longitudinal Train Dynamics (LTD) and the Leaflet UIC 421 was applied as methodology in order to compare simulation results. The TrainDy software is considered the state-of-the-art tool for LTD computation by major European Railway Undertakings and the Leaflet UIC 421 provides a statistical methodology to accept new or modified operational scenarios for freight trains, which are beyond current regulations in terms of hauled mass and/or train length. The basic idea of UIC 421 is the “relative approach”, even if it does not discard the “absolute approach”. In short, the “relative approach” considers a train acceptable for regular operation if the risk level of the train is lower than the risk level of trains already in service; “the absolute approach” considers a train acceptable for regular operation if in-train forces are lower than (reliably) computed or measured admissible in-train forces. Since the cooperation among M2O and FR8RAIL II was based on the “relative approach”, only this approach will be discussed in this paper. The computation of in-train forces is crucial for new train consists to avoid derailment or disruption.The paper shows the application of the relative approach in a particular way: the same trains (randomly generated) are simulated with and without the DPS system, considering different train operations and assuming communication among the TUs successful or not. In this way, the effects on in-train forces of DPS and wireless communication are immediately emphasized.This paper reports the comparison between experimental measurements and TrainDy simulations and a series of analyses performed to compare the LTD of reference train against DPS train on level track, but also on up/down hill. The interesting conclusion that comes from this study is that the comparison among the reference and DPS trains does not depend on the track gradient, but rather on the train operations. Of course, the track gradient, especially when it is as steep as the one considered in this analysis, has a considerable effect on in-train forces as well as the exact train configuration (i.e., the wagon order within the train). This paper could be used as guideline for similar analyses about in-train forces of new types of trainsets, e.g., implementing a new technology as radio DPS.

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Thomet, Michel A. "Powering the Trains". In ASME 2012 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2012-9414.

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Electric trains exhibit some of the highest performance among all surface modes of transportation in terms of speed, acceleration, control precision and reliability. This is so because of the very large amount of power that can be delivered to each train by means of a third rail or an overhead wire. Also, like all rail vehicles, trains have a very small friction/drag to overcome, even at high speed. To make this high performance possible, the train power distribution system has to be designed so that it can be highly reliable and deliver the power to the trains even when some of the systems components are out or are degraded. Because of the complexity of the power distribution system, a simulation approach is generally followed to model the trains operating in different modes and headways under different component failure scenarios. This process is illustrated using a real life project, namely the Dulles Corridor Metrorail project. A Bechtel proprietary simulation program is used to model the new rail line. A series of failure scenarios is investigated and the impact on train operations is evaluated. The purpose of this exercise was to verify that the systems components have been properly sized and specified.

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Ku, Bih-Yuan, Ming-Jan Ko e Jen-Sen Liu. "Train Power Converter Switching Surge Impact Studies". In 2012 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2012-74139.

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In this paper we address the issue of switching surges generated by power converters onboard a train impacting other trains and wayside equipment. We present two cases from both ac and a dc electrified railroad systems in Taiwan to manifest the seriousness of these surges if not properly mitigated. We conclude that this issue must be taken into consideration when commissioning new train power converters in a railroad system. Also corresponding standards need to be developed to ensure compatibility of new power converters with the existing trains and wayside equipment.

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Stetter, Ralf, e Andreas Paczynski. "Intelligent steering system for electrical power trains". In 2010 Emobility - Electrical Power Train. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emobility.2010.5668046.

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Cooper, Joyce Smith. "Recyclability of Fuel Cell Power Trains". In SAE 2004 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-1136.

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Ku, Bih-Yuan, Yen-Chun Chen, Guan-Ru Chen e Ming-Jan Ko. "Load Power Quality Characteristics of Trains With Switch-Type Converters and the Impact to AC Electrified Traction Power Systems". In 2014 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2014-3810.

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In this paper we present our study on load power quality characteristics of new trains with switch-type converters using field measurement data. We apply these data to perform power flow and harmonic power flow computations to examine the impacts of new train loads to existing ac traction power network with filters designed for old train loads. Our simulation results show that existing filters can result in over-compensation of reactive power and ineffective filtering of load current harmonic components. It is recommended that filter designs be modified to suit the load power characteristics of new-generation trains.

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Chhibber, Gautam, e Mayank Kumar Dave. "Evaluating Small vs. Large Power Blocks for Pipeline Compression Stations". In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207479-ms.

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Abstract This paper discusses how the application of large, gas turbine-based power blocks (>50,000-hp) in pipeline compression stations can contribute to lower capital costs, improved lifecycle performance, and reduced carbon emissions. For illustrative purposes, two compression facility power block configurations (nine 30,0000-hp trains vs. five 55,000-hp trains) are compared on the basis of capital expenditures (CapEx), operating expenditures (OpEx), availability, efficiency, and operating flexibility. A summary of the study's results are as follows: – Net present value (NPV) analyses show that 5x55,000-hp ISO trains can result in up to $50 million reduction in CAPEX vs 9x30,000-hp ISO trains – By having fewer trains, operations & maintenance (O&M) costs can be reduced by as much as 20% – Lifetime fuel savings with a 5x55,000-hp train configuration vs. 9x30,000-hp trains are estimated at $40 million, owing to the increased operating flexibility of modern gas turbines, even at partial loads. The paper will also present considerations for digitalization, modular construction, and package integration – with a particular focus on how these measures can be leveraged to lower execution risk and enhance the lifecycle performance of gas turbine-driven compression trains.

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Khaladkar, Shubhankar, e Srishti Gawande. "Internet of Trains -Oscillometer". In 2019 2nd International Conference on Power and Embedded Drive Control (ICPEDC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpedc47771.2019.9036612.

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Ellis, D. "NR Southern New Trains Programme". In IEE Seminar on Power - it's a Quality Thing. IET, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2005.0695.

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Zanasi, Roberto, e Davide Tebaldi. "Power-Oriented Modeling of Epicyclic Gear Trains". In 2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vppc49601.2020.9330971.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Power Trains"

Jones, A. R. MHD advanced power train. Phase 1, Final report: Volume 3, Power train system description and specification for 200MWe Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/93687.

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Stuecke, Peter, Sebastian Fethke, Wolfgang Foken, Martin Jentsch, Andr\ae Lehmann, Klaus Kloetzner e Dirk Reissmann. Development of a Racing Motorbike with Electric Power Train. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, novembro de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0546.

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Jones, A. R. MHD Advanced Power Train Phase I, Final Report, Volume 4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015871.

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Jones, A. R. MHD Advanced Power Train Phase I, Final Report, Volume 5. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015874.

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A. R. Jones. MHD Advanced Power Train Phase I, Final Report, Volume 6. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015967.

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A. R. Jones. MHD Advanced Power Train Phase I, Final Report, Volume 7. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015968.

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Kevin Rackstraw, John Palmisano. Credit Trading and Wind Power: Issues and Opportunities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janeiro de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/822442.

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Andrew Frank. Hybrid Electric Power Train and Control Strategies Automotive Technology Education (GATE) Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maio de 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/962690.

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Jones, A. R. MHD advanced power train. Phase 1, Final report: Volume 1, Executive summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/93532.

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Chang, S. L., S. A. Lottes, J. X. Bouillard e M. Petrick. Flow simulation of the Component Development Integration Facility magnetohydrodynamic power train system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembro de 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663599.

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