Bibliografias temáticas / Post harvest technologies

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Post harvest technologies"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 13 de fevereiro de 2022

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Post harvest technologies"

Adisa, Banji Olalere, Michael Famakinwa e Kolawole Adelekan Adeloye. "Adoption of Rice Post-Harvest Technologies Among Smallholder Farmers in Osun State, Nigeria". Contemporary Agriculture 69, n.º 1-2 (1 de junho de 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2020-0004.

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SummaryThe study assessed adoption of rice post-harvest technologies among smallholder farmers in Osun State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 120 respondents through a structured interview schedule using a multistage sampling procedure. Percentages, means, Chi-square and correlation were used to analyse the data and draw inferences. The results show that about 52.5% of the respondents had favourable perception, while 47.5% had unfavourable perception towards adoption of the rice post-harvest technologies. Rice milling (mean=4.54) and harvesting matured panicles at the right time (mean=4.47) ranked highest among the adopted post-harvest technologies, while majority (65%) of the respondents adopted the rice post-harvest technologies at moderate level and 35% had high level of adoption. Inadequate capital (mean=1.75) and poor extension contacts (mean=1.67) were the major constraints associated with the adoption. Also, there was significant association between sex (χ2= 38.174), marital status (χ2=32.85) and adoption of the rice post-harvest technologies, while age (r=-0.531), household size (r=0.414) and the quantity of rice produced (r=0.345) had significant relationship with adoption of the post-harvest rice technologies. There was moderate level of adoption among the farmers. Financial institutions, governments and non-governmental organisations should provide functional credit facilities and government should employ more extension agents to promote adoption of high-quality enhancing post-harvest technologies for sustainable rice production in Nigeria.

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Indiarto, Rossi. "Post-Harvest Handling Technologies of Tropical Fruits: A Review". International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research 8, n.º 7 (25 de julho de 2020): 3951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2020/165872020.

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Fernandes, Luana, Jorge A. Saraiva, José A. Pereira, Susana Casal e Elsa Ramalhosa. "Post-harvest technologies applied to edible flowers: A review". Food Reviews International 35, n.º 2 (16 de maio de 2018): 132–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2018.1473422.

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Kazakbaiev, S. Z., N. S. Karymsakov, D. S. Seytzhanov, D. D. Tursynbekov, K. A. Karabalaev e K. A. Seilkhanov. "INNOVATIVE EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR POST-HARVEST GRAIN PROCESSING." Theoretical & Applied Science 96, n.º 04 (30 de abril de 2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2021.04.96.28.

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Elemasho, MK, SDY Alfred, CC Aneke, AJC Chugali e O. Ajiboye. "Farmers’ perception of adoption of postharvest technologies of selected food crops in rivers state, Nigeria". International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 7, n.º 2 (13 de janeiro de 2018): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v7i2.35318.

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The study was conducted to determine the perception of food crops farmers on adoption of selected post-harvest technologies in Rivers State, Nigeria. A multistage snow-ball, procedure was used to sample 135 selected food crops farmers in the State. A well, structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the respondents using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result revealed that, majority (85.9%) of the respondents, were females while 84.4% of the respondents were married. The mean age of the respondent was 41.0 years and highly experienced in food crops production with mean of 15.9 years experience. Majority of the respondents (77%) attended primary school. The level of food crops farmers’ perception on adoption of post-harvest technologies packages was positive, majority (78.1%) of the respondents agreed with the positive statements on adoption of post-harvest technologies, implying the possibility of high level of adoption of post-harvest technologies. The perception of the food crops farmers also had influence on adoption level of the selected post-harvest technologies packages with (P < 0.05). The study concluded that food crops farmers had positive perception of post-harvest technologies in the study area and the study therefore, recommends that Extension should make the technologies available along with training.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 22-26, December, 2017

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Gummert, M., C. Balingbing, G. Barry e L. Estevez. "Management options, technologies and strategies for minimised mycotoxin contamination of rice". World Mycotoxin Journal 2, n.º 2 (1 de maio de 2009): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2008.1131.

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Ninety percent of the world's rice is produced and consumed in Asia. Millions of rice producers are resource-poor farmers with a rice area of less than one hectare. Yield increase and the introduction of double-cropping systems have ensured that rice production has kept up with an increasing demand. However, the increased quantities of grain and the second harvest, which is often in the wet season, have increased the problems in traditional postharvest systems. This can be particularly severe in the humid tropics, where post-harvest losses occur because of outdated management practices and technologies, and delays in post-harvest operations. Fungal infestation of rice grains can lead to discoloration, which results in price reductions in most markets. This can also result in rice being contaminated with mycotoxins, which is less visible to consumers. Contamination with ochratoxins, aflatoxins, and other mycotoxins have occasionally been reported in the literature. In the past, this was not seen as a significant problem and the focus was on other commodities such as maize and peanuts. However, recent studies and a massive recall of food products in Japan in September 2008, including sake, shoshu, and rice crackers made from imported rice from China and Vietnam, which were tested positive for aflatoxins, and also for pesticide residues, have renewed interest in looking at mycotoxin problems in rice. Exploratory studies in the Philippines compared best practice post-harvest management with the traditional management practices often used by smallholder farmers and small processors. It was concluded that synthesis of aflatoxin B1 is very likely in suboptimal post-harvest systems, with levels far above legislative limits. This indicates that there might be a considerable mycotoxin problem in rice from smallholder post-harvest operations. Improved post-harvest management options and technologies are available for diversified small-scale post-harvest systems. Small-scale combine harvesters, affordable and simple mechanical dryers and hermetic storage systems can help to avoid delays in the post-harvest chain and thus reduce mycotoxin contamination of rice. The development of strategies to scale out these improved practices and technologies to a large number of smallholder farmers will continue to be the main challenge.

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Damerum, Annabelle, Mark A. Chapman e Gail Taylor. "Innovative breeding technologies in lettuce for improved post-harvest quality". Postharvest Biology and Technology 168 (outubro de 2020): 111266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2020.111266.

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Peles, Ferenc, Péter Sipos, Szilvia Kovács, Zoltán Győri, István Pócsi e Tünde Pusztahelyi. "Biological Control and Mitigation of Aflatoxin Contamination in Commodities". Toxins 13, n.º 2 (1 de fevereiro de 2021): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020104.

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Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic secondary metabolites produced mostly by Aspergillus species. AF contamination entering the feed and food chain has been a crucial long-term issue for veterinarians, medicals, agroindustry experts, and researchers working in this field. Although different (physical, chemical, and biological) technologies have been developed, tested, and employed to mitigate the detrimental effects of mycotoxins, including AFs, universal methods are still not available to reduce AF levels in feed and food in the last decades. Possible biological control by bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, their excretes, the role of the ruminal degradation, pre-harvest biocontrol by competitive exclusion or biofungicides, and post-harvest technologies and practices based on biological agents currently used to alleviate the toxic effects of AFs are collected in this review. Pre-harvest biocontrol technologies can give us the greatest opportunity to reduce AF production on the spot. Together with post-harvest applications of bacteria or fungal cultures, these technologies can help us strictly reduce AF contamination without synthetic chemicals.

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Drincha, V. М., e Yu S. Tsench. "Fundamentals and Prospects for the Technologies Development for Post-Harvest Grain Processing and Seed Preparation". Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 14, n.º 4 (18 de dezembro de 2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-4-17-25.

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The authors identifi ed the main factors that infl uenced signifi cantly the technological support of post-harvest processing processes over the past decades. They showed that in recent years, many farms faced the necessity to solve the problem of improving the seeds quality and reducing their losses in the process of post-harvest processing of grain in the shortest possible time.(Research purpose) To conduct a historical analysis of machine technologies for post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation and determine promising directions for their development.(Materials and methods) The authors used the historicalanalytical method applied to technical systems, in particular, to technologies of post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation. The research objects were the original works of domestic and foreign authors for more than a 100-year period and other regulatory and technical documentation.(Results and discussion) The authors presented the results of the machine technologies for postharvest grain processing and seed preparation evolution in the Russian Federation over the past 100 years. They considered the scientifi c, technological, technical and organizational issues of the machine technologies for grain processing and seed preparation development. It was determined that the scientifi c foundations for creating domestic separating machines were developed in the 30s of the last century. They noted that in 1934 the fi rst domestic mobile grain cleaning machine with a capacity of 10 tons per hour for cleaning grain and 6-8 tons per hour for cleaning seeds was created and put into production. The following key stages were identifi ed: in the 60s, an in-line technology of post-harvest grain processing was developed; by the end of the 70s, with the completion of work on the creation of units and complexes, all processes of post-harvest grain processing for the fi rst time in the country were fully mechanized.(Conclusions) The authors proved that labor productivity in the industry increased 7-10 times, the cost of grain processing decreased 2-3 times, its losses decreased, manual, unskilled labor was excluded. They identifi ed promising directions for the development of grain processing and seed preparation technologies.

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Adhikari, Biju, e Aarati G.C. "Post-harvest practices of horticultural crops in Nepal: Issues and management". Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 6, n.º 2 (25 de junho de 2021): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2021.0602015.

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Fruits and vegetables are highly perishable in nature and have a very short shelf-life. During different handling and marketing procedures, there is massive post-harvest loss of horticulture produce, either or both qualitative and quantitative, between harvest and consumption. Factors affecting post-harvest losses differ with topography, varieties of crops, climate, etc. and are difficult to understand. Considering the fact, the present study aims to describe the status of post-harvest losses of horticultural produce and their potential management techniques. Secondary data is used to collect the related information. The demand of high-quality horticulture produce is increasing due to its healthy nutrition. Post-harvest management of the produce includes pre- and post-harvest practices, their handling, packaging, storage, distribution, and marketing. The storage life and marketable quality of the produce can be maximized by limiting (not stopping) the respiration and transpiration through proper control of temperature and relative humidity of the produce. The right selection of packaging materials and technologies play vital role in maintaining product quality and freshness during storage and distribution. Moreover, the innovative techniques like modified active packaging, active and intelligent packaging, controlled atmospheric storage, and use of antimicrobial could extend the shelf life of produce to a significant time. This review mainly focuses on the causes of qualitative and quantitative losses of horticulture produce along with the effective measures to control the losses in Nepalese context. It emphasized on the adoption of innovative technologies to improve the storage life, marketable quality and freshness of the produce.

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Mais fontes

Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Post harvest technologies"

Tuckey, Nicholas Pierre Lemieux. "Technologies for tissue preservation: the role of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in preserving tissue function in chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1510.

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The seafood industry is of considerable importance to both the New Zealand and global economies and therefore tissue preservation technologies that increase product quality and/or prolong shelf life have the potential to add significant value. Technologies for maintaining the viability of isolated tissues also have a wide range of other medical and industrial applications. This thesis examines the relationship between metabolic function, oxidation and cell death and the resulting stability of the non-viable tissues during long term storage in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) red and white skeletal muscle tissue. This research also looks at the role of the aquatic anaesthetic AQUI-S™, in which the active ingredient is isoeugenol (a lipid soluble antioxidant), and other antioxidant compounds in preserving metabolic function in viable tissues and tissue stability in nonviable tissues. Perfusion of salmon tails at 15℃ over 5 or 10 hours with oxygen saturated saline resulted in significant increases in protein and lipid oxidation (protein carbonyl and TBARS concentrations respectively) in the red muscle, but not the white muscle. The introduction of ascorbic acid and uric acid into the saline did not reduce the oxidation in the red muscle despite significantly increasing their respective concentrations in the tissue. This indicates the difficulties associated with attempting to extend tissue viability by delivering free oxygen to the tissue and also highlights the difference in susceptibility of the two muscle types to oxidation. Tail fillets from salmon harvested in both rested and exhausted physiological states using AQUI-S™, and fillets from exhausted salmon harvested without AQUI-S™, were exposed to air at 15℃ for up to 96 hours. Protein carbonyls increased in a roughly linear fashion over the entire 96 hours in all three groups. Both lipid peroxides (TBARS) and uric acid concentrations began to increase in the exhausted group after 30 hours. In contrast, no significant increases in lipid peroxides or uric acid was seen in the fillets from either group harvested using AQUI-S™. Vitamin E concentrations reduced slowly but did not change significantly despite the oxidation that was evident in the tissue. These processes also occurred in salmon tail fillets during storage at 6℃. The measurement of ATP related compounds provides an effective indicator of both the metabolic state of the tissue post-harvest and the quality. The breakdown of these compounds is also associated with the production of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Fresh rested salmon fillets had high concentrations of ATP and creatine phosphate, which were both depleted after 12 hours storage at 15℃. This indicates that cell viability lasted a number of hours following harvesting. These metabolites were depleted in exhausted fillets and metabolic potential appeared to be immediately compromised. The concentration of the taste enhancing compound IMP was significantly reduced in fresh rested tissue, but increased during storage, and was significantly higher than in exhausted tissues following 12 hours of storage at 15℃. This indicates that some properties of rested tissues may improve with limited storage times. The accumulation of uric acid - the metabolic end point for ATP related compounds - was also significantly reduced in rested tissue and increases in K-value were slowed. AQUI-S™ showed an ability to preserve tissue function through its anaesthetic action allowing tissue to be harvested in a rested state, and to reduce late stage lipid oxidation in stored salmon tail fillets. The antioxidant action of isoeugenol in salmon fillets may be mediated through its ability to chelate transition metals released during tissue degradation. This research shows that during reperfusion and during fillet storage there is a significant level of oxidative stress, which needs to be minimized while maintaining basic tissue metabolism to prolong tissue and cellular viability. The development of future technologies to preserve tissue viability may depend on the development of a synthetic oxygen carrying compound with properties similar to red blood cells. This may allow more control over oxygen delivery, potentially reducing the oxidative stress associated with high concentrations of free oxygen in solution. However, preserving cell viability will also require the maintenance of endogenous antioxidant function and there is also the potential to use iron chelating compounds including plant derived flavonoids to preserve non-viable tissues. Future research in these areas is necessary.

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Dudley, Graham David. "Political aspects of geographical information technologies with examples from imperial and post-independence India". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0004/NQ30602.pdf.

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Misran, Azizah. "Evaluation of Post Harvest Technologies for Improving Strawberry Fruit Quality". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/6755.

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Fragaria ananassa, generally known as strawberry is a nutritious fruit that is rich in polyphenols and widely consumed as part of a healthy diet. Anthocyanins have been found to be the main group of phenolic components present in strawberry with pelargonidin-3-glucoside as the major component in all strawberry cultivars studied. The main volatile component has been identified as caryophyllene oxide, a sesquiterpene compound that was present abundantly in all cultivars. The effect of preharvest spray applications of a formulation containing hexanal which is known to enhance membrane preservation, was evaluated using two strawberry cultivars, ‘Jewel’ and ‘Mira’. Our results suggest that preharvest spray application of hexanal formulation results in biochemical changes that alter the profile of phenolic compounds and the volatiles of the fruit. An osmotic infusion treatment was implemented to generate an intermediate moisture food product with high quality and enhanced storage life that can be potentially used in processed food. Infusing strawberry with other functional ingredients such as fructoligosaccharides, lecithin, and ascorbic acid showed that the infused strawberry produced by this technique was structurally and organoleptically similar to fresh strawberry, and visually similar to the intial fruits. Drying of infused fruits could extend their shelf life up to several months, while providing fruit products with superior nutritional qualities. Subjecting strawberry fruit extract to a simulated in vitro digestion of strawberry greatly affected the polyphenol composition and concentrations during different stages of digestion. The concentrations of most polyphenols increased during gastric digestion suggesting that the acidic environment of the stomach may help to release polyphenols that are bound to the strawberry matrix. Following incubation of the IN and the OUT fractions with colonic bacteria, the presence of urolithin B glucunoride in the IN fraction and the increase of ellagic acid deoxyhexoside in both the IN and OUT fractions after fermentation process, suggest that the polyphenols are catabolized into simple phenolic compounds in the colon. The remaining polyphenols as well as the catabolites in the gut, could potentially have a beneficial effect in enhancing colonial health.
Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia

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Fernandes, Luana. "Effect of several post-harvest technologies on the food quality and safety of edible flowers". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/25648.

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Edible flowers have been used in food since ancient times. Currently, their consumption has increased in less traditional countries in what regards this practice, as a result of the growth and development of gastronomic market and by the gourmet chefs, who begin to use edible flowers in their dishes, due to their beauty and taste. However, it is a very perishable product, whose quality and safety need to be guaranteed. In this order, the main objective of the present work was to test several post-harvest technologies (separately and combined) to different edible flowers species, according to their seasonal availability, with the purpose of increasing their shelf life. Several studies were carried out in order to perform the physico-chemical characterization of some edible flowers during flowering involving: high hydrostatic pressures (HHP), dehydration (osmotic dehydration (OD), crystallization, freeze drying, hot air convective drying and drying at room temperature (shade)), edible coatings and freezing. Afterwards, the effect of these technologies in some physico-chemical and biological properties of flowers was evaluated, after treatments and during storage. At the end, sensory studies were carried out involving consumers and chefs, with the purpose of evaluating the acceptability and preference. The results indicated that water was the main macronutrient found in the studied flowers; however, other components such as proteins, fibers and carbohydrates, as well as, bioactive compounds (carotenoids, fatty acids, vitamin E, flavonoids, anthocyanins), volatile compounds and free sugars were also detected and quantified. In some situations, significant differences between different flower species and flowering stages were observed. Furthermore, in some situations, some relationships were found between volatiles and bioactive compounds with the sensory perception of the flowers. Regarding the application of post-harvest technologies, the high hydrostatic pressures showed to be a promising technology to increase the shelf life of pansies, while borage and camellia showed to be more susceptible to the high pressures. On the other hand, the application of osmotic dehydration to pansies did not produce the desired effects due to the presence of superhydrophobic papillae; however, crystallization proved to be a promising technology for their preservation. Regarding centaurea, shade drying was the most promising method, since the highest concentrations of bioactive compounds were obtained. Concerning borage petals, freeze-drying showed to be a promising method to produce dried flowers for infusions. The application of low temperatures was also tested, namely freezing (in ice cubes and in their natural form), and it was generally observed that the flowers in ice cubes maintained a similar appearance to fresh ones for a longer period of time than naturally frozen. With regard to treatment with edible coatings, the alginate was tested in pansies. This treatment gave good results, having the coated and packed flowers increased the shelf life by 7 days more than the fresh ones. It was also tested the effectiveness of the combined application of preservation processes, namely the application of high hydrostatic pressures as a pretreatment to osmotic dehydration, and the simultaneous application of the two treatments to pansies. The results indicated that the combination of high hydrostatic pressures with osmotic dehydration to pansies resulted in more fragile flowers. However, the application of high hydrostatic pressures as pretreatment to osmotic dehydration may be a promising technology for this flower species. Finally, some chefs and consumers were submitted to an organoleptic test of pansies subjected to different post-harvest technologies. The chefs and consumers presented different sensory profiles, both of which liked more the pansies treated with high hydrostatic pressures than those coated with alginate and crystallized. However, consumers also rated the pansies subjected to the last two processes with good scores. In conclusion, the results of this work allowed demonstrating the potential of several post-harvest technologies in the preservation of some edible flowers, without compromising their physicochemical and biological properties and with great possibility of being accepted by the potential users.
SFRH/BD/95853/2013
Programa Doutoral em Ciência e Tecnologia Alimentar e Nutrição

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East, Andrew Richard. "The influence of breaks in optimal storage conditions on "Cripps Pink" apple physiology and quality : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Food Technology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand". 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/727.

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Apples stored onshore in Australia and New Zealand, are maintained at optimal storage conditions with the aid of low temperatures; controlled atmospheres (CA) and new technologies that retard the production or effect of ethylene (AVG and 1-MCP respectively). These technologies allow distribution of the highest quality apples to local and export markets on a year round basis. However, during distribution, maintenance of optimal storage conditions may be lost due to refrigeration system breakdown, operational constraints or management decisions. This thesis quantifies the influence of commercially realistic breaks in optimal storage conditions (temperature and CA) on fruit physiology and quality, both at the time of the break and in subsequent optimal storage conditions. The ‘Cripps Pink’ (‘Pink Lady™’) apple cultivar was chosen for consideration in this thesis because it is a high value cultivar that is of considerable importance to the Australian apple industry. The knowledge of the behaviour of ‘Cripps Pink’ apples in coolstorage conditions (in air and CA) was confirmed through comparison of physiological and quality change behaviour of fruit from three harvests collected in this research and those reported recently by other authors. The investigation of the influence of breaks in temperature control during storage in air at 0°C, revealed that preclimacteric apples exposed to a break in temperature control, were advanced towards the establishment of the climacteric. Postclimacteric apple, responded by doubling ethylene production a short time after return to coolstorage. Harvest maturity, timing of break during coolstorage, length of break of temperature control and multiple breaks in temperature control, had little influence on the increase ethylene production response. Quality factors (firmness, background hue angle, and titratable acidity) were all reduced as a result of exposure to warmer temperatures, but on return to coolstorage temperatures rates of loss in these quality factors were not influenced by the increased ethylene production. Short-term (3-day) breaks in CA while fruit remained at refrigerated temperatures were shown to have no substantial effect on fruit physiology or quality, either during the period of the break in CA or in subsequent CA storage. Breaks in temperature control in combination with breaks in CA were observed to cause a doubling of ethylene production on CA stored apples regardless of being returned to 0°C in air or CA. Those apples that were exposed to a break in temperature control and returned to air storage at refrigerated temperature lost quality (firmness and background hue angle) more rapidly than apples not exposed to breaks in temperature control and transferred to air storage. This result strengthened the knowledge of the influence of ethylene on changes in apple quality, as found for many other apple cultivars. The influence of the decision to transport fruit in CA or air atmosphere shipping containers was initially investigated with a laboratory simulation. Physiology (respiration rate and ethylene production) of air shipped fruit was found not only to be more rapid, but more variable between fruit, than for apples shipped in CA. This more rapid and larger variation of possible fruit physiologies, suggests that in addition to losing quality at a faster rate, the variation in the quality of fruit shipped in air will also enlarge during shipment. This hypothesis was confirmed with data pooled from treatments subjected to 0°C and 3°C, simulating the likely temperature variability within a shipping container. Validation of the influence of shipping atmosphere on delivered fruit quality, was conducted in the commercial environment. This trial found that the length of time to ship fruit from Australia and New Zealand to European markets was not sufficient to induce commercially significant differences between ‘Cripps Pink’ apples shipped in the two atmospheres. Finally, as ethylene production was influenced by fluctuations in temperature control and subsequently affected quality of apples previously stored in CA, an investigative attempt to model ethylene production in temperature variable scenarios was conducted. Published models of ethylene production in apples were adapted to the variable temperature storage scenario and a new model was proposed. Unfortunately, none of the models investigated were able to predict all of the consistent behaviours of ethylene production observed during the experimental work, indicating that more knowledge of the ethylene production pathway is required, before modelling of ethylene production and subsequently apple quality can be conducted successfully.

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(10752345), Pragya Kandel. "ASSESSMENT OF POSTHARVEST PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN NEPAL AND EFFICACY OF HYPOXIA FOR CONTROLLING SITOPHILUS ORYZAE L. (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)". Thesis, 2021.

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Farmers in Nepal lose about a third of their harvested grain due to postharvest handling and storage. This has led to food insecurity and economic losses. Despite the importance of postharvest, the grain storage system in Nepal relies on traditional storage structures like bamboo granaries. The incidence of storage pests is reported up to 100% in these structures. To minimize the storage loss, farmers use different grain protection methods including toxic chemicals. Multiple cases of pesticides-related poisoning and deaths have been caused by misuse and overuse of pesticides. To push safer, chemical-free alternatives like hermetic storage it is important to understand current pest challenges and management practices in Nepal. Adaptation of chemical-free pest management strategies like hermetic storage largely depends upon basic and applied laboratory research findings. Determining the baseline adult mortality under various hypoxia levels and subsequent insect emergence will help determine the effectiveness of a low oxygen environment in controlling Sitophilus oryzae (L.). This would increase our understanding of hermetic storage technology and help improve its application to both farmers and commercial users and serve as a possible substitute to traditional or chemical pest control methods. In chapter one, I report the result of the survey conducted in Nepal to understand i) current post-harvest storage practices and (ii) assessment of the best delivery approach for storage innovations. In chapter 2, I report the result from laboratory experiment conducted to understand the lethality of hypoxia at 5% oxygen level and below against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), which is a major storage pest reported by farmers in Nepal.

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Utto, Weerawate. "Mathematical modelling of active packaging systems for horticultural products : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Packaging Technology at Massey University, New Zealand". 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/824.

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Active packaging systems can offer significant advantages in preventing quality loss in horticultural products through control of microbial and/or physiological activity. By delivering and sustaining volatile active agents at effective levels in a package atmosphere, significant shelf life extension can thus be achieved. Design of these systems is complicated by the number of possible package, product, active agent and carrier combinations that can be employed and the significant interactions that may occur between these components. Mathematical modelling can be used to simplify system design and reduce the number of experimental trials required to achieve optimal active packaging systems. In this study a generalised modelling methodology was developed and validated to facilitate the design of active controlled volatile release packaging systems for horticultural products. The modelling methodology was developed using an example system which comprised tomatoes packed under a modified atmosphere (MA; 5 % (v/v) CO2 and 10 % (v/v) O2) in a LDPE bag with a polymer film sealed sachet containing silica gel pre-saturated with the antifungal agent hexanal. Experimental trials showed that for this system a target sustained hexanal concentration of 40-70 ppm was required. This was shown to be (i) the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for controlling Botrytis cinerea growing on tomatoes stored at 20°C and ~99%RH, (ii) to have only a relatively minor influence on the postharvest quality of tomatoes under these active MA conditions, and (iii) to promote only a small apparent uptake of hexanal from the atmosphere by the tomatoes. The effective hexanal permeabilities of Tyvek , LDPE and OPP sachet films were characterised using the isostatic method and shown to exhibit a dependence on both temperature (10 and 20°C) and concentration (over a range of 0.01-0.22 mol m[superscript -3). Average permeabilities decreased in the order of Tyvek > LDPE > OPP, respectively, at all temperatures at comparable hexanal partial pressures. Hexanal sorption isotherms for silica gel at both 10 and 20ºC were determined using the gravimetric method and were reasonably well described by the Langmuir equation. The equilibrium amount adsorbed was significantly reduced at the higher temperature but the pre-adsorption of water vapour on hexanal uptake on silica gel showed no uniform trend on the sorption characteristics suggesting that multicomponent sorption is complex. A generalised modelling methodology was developed through conceptualising key mass transfer processes involved in these active MA packaging systems. Quantitative methods for deciding the relative importance of each process were established together with guidelines for when simplifying assumptions could be made. This information was formalised into a decision tree to allow appropriate assumptions to be made in model formulation without unacceptable loss of model accuracy. Methods to develop generalised equations from these assumptions to describe changes in the sachet, package headspace and outer bag film with respect to an active agent and MA gases were then identified. The mathematical modelling methodology was applied to the example hexanal release active MAP tomato packaging system. For these systems there was a high initial peak in package headspace concentration during the first 24 h which declined to a quasi steadystate concentration over a period of days. The quasi steady-state headspace concentrations were generally in the MIC range and were well predicted by the model. Interactions between water vapour and silica gel may have been responsible for the relatively higher hexanal concentration at the onset of release from the Tyvek sachet (a highly porous material). However the influence of water vapour (>95% RH in the MA bag containing tomatoes) during the quasi steady-state period appeared to be insignificant for all sachet films. The model was successfully applied to a range of packaging configurations and storage temperatures. A lack of fit was evident between model predictions and experimental trials during the initial (unsteady-state) stages of the release pattern for both headspace vapour concentrations and adsorbed mass on the silica gel. These differences were attributed to (i) model input uncertainties, chiefly with regard to the estimated coefficients of both the Langmuir isotherm equation and film permeability, and (ii) overestimated effective permeability values predicted by extrapolation of the concentration dependence of film permeability beyond the conditions for which the permeability was measured. These results suggest improved models for the effective permeabilities of the films, quantified under a range of vapour concentrations and concentration gradients, are required for better describing fluxes across the sachet film. Despite these limitations, the model did describe the general release pattern. The model was then used to pose a range of ‘what-if’ scenarios investigating the release patterns predicted for different active packaging designs. This analysis gave useful insights into how sorption isotherm shape and package/sachet design parameters can be manipulated to achieve different volatile release platforms. The work clearly demonstrated the importance of accurate data for permeability of volatile compounds through polymer films and for sorption of the active agent on the carrier phase. More work on characterising these systems is recommended to further improve modelbased design methods for active MAP systems. Overall the generalised methodology developed can be confidently adopted for constructing a mathematical model that provides sufficient accuracy and simplicity to be implemented for designing active packaging systems for horticultural and food products.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Post harvest technologies"

Ramaswamy, Hosahalli S. Post-harvest technologies of fruits & vegetables. Lancaster, Pennsylvania: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2015.

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APO, Seminar on Appropriate Post-harvest Technologies for Horticultural Crops (1999 Bangkok Thailand). Appropriate post-harvest technologies for horticultural crops in Asia. Tokyo: Asian Productivity Organization, 2000.

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Bencini, Marina Carcea. Post-harvest and processing technologies of African staple foods: A technical compendim. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1991.

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Post Harvest Technologies Workshop (1988 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia). Proceedings of the Post Harvest Technologies Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, August 6, 1988. Editado por Tennassie Nichola, Dejene Aredo e Addis Abada University. Institute of Development Research. [Addis Ababa]: Institute of Development Research, 1988.

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O'Donoghue, Marla Smith. The Whole Family Training Program on Post-Harvest Technologies: Program review : a consultancy report prepared for the Bangladesh-Australia Wheat Improvement Project. Dhaka, Bangladesh: The Project, 1995.

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Symposium, on Harvest and Post-Harvest Technology of Fish (1982 Cochin India). Harvest and post-harvest technology of fish: A volume based on the Symposium on Harvest and Post-Harvest Technology of Fish, sponsored by the Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) during 24-27 November 1982 at Cochin. Cochin, India: The Society, 1985.

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International Congress of Technologists for Post-harvest Technology (3rd 2008 Stubiče Toplice, Croatia). Book of abstracts: International Congress of Technologists for Post-harvest Technology : 18-20 November 2008 = Zrnko : Međunarodni kongres tehnologa za posliježetvenu tehnologiju : 18-20 studeni 2008 : zbornik sažetaka. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Dept. for Agricultural Technology, Storing and Transport, 2008.

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C, Balagopalan, e Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (India), eds. Integrated technologies for value addition and post harvest management in tropical tuber crops. Thiruvananthapuram: Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, 2000.

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Australian Science and Technology Council., ed. Casting the net: Post-harvest technologies and opportunities in the fishing industry : a report to the Prime Minister. Canberra: Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1988.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Post harvest technologies"

Smillie, Ian. "8. Post-harvest technologies". In Mastering the Machine Revisited, 121–36. Rugby, Warwickshire United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445144.008.

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Scholten, Herman. "Post-Harvest of Gerbera Cutflowers". In Horticulture — New Technologies and Applications, 367–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3176-6_58.

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Jain, P. K., e K. S. Chauhan. "Post Harvest Studies on Kinnow Mandarin". In Horticulture — New Technologies and Applications, 383–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3176-6_61.

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Chakraborty e Arup Chattopadhyay. "Pre- and Post-Harvest Losses in Vegetables IVI". In Advances in Postharvest Technologies of Vegetable Crops, 25–87. Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2018. | Series: Postharvest biology and technology: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315161020-2.

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Singh, Achuit K., Avinash Chandra Rai, Ashutosh Rai e Major Singh. "Applications in Post-Harvest Management of Vegetable Crops". In Advances in Postharvest Technologies of Vegetable Crops, 171–202. Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2018. | Series: Postharvest biology and technology: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315161020-6.

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Gao, Haisheng, Jinxing Cai e Xiufeng Liu. "Automatic Grading of the Post-Harvest Fruit: A Review". In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture III, 141–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12220-0_22.

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Qadri, Rashad, Muhammad Azam, Imran Khan, Yaodong Yang, Shaghef Ejaz, Muhammad Tahir Akram e M. Arslan Khan. "Conventional and Modern Technologies for the Management of Post-Harvest Diseases". In Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection, 137–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35955-3_7.

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Kodandaram, M. H., Y. Bijen kumar, Kaushik Banerjee, A. B. Rai e B. Singh. "Pre- and Post-Harvest Pesticide Contamination Management for Production of Quality Vegetables". In Advances in Postharvest Technologies of Vegetable Crops, 443–83. Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2018. | Series: Postharvest biology and technology: Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315161020-17.

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Neupane, Mahesh, Richard Opoku, Anju Sharma, Rabindra Adhikari, Jay Krishna Thakur e Manoj Kafle. "Rural Cold Storage as a Post-Harvest Technology System for Marginalized Agro-Based Communities in Developing Countries". In Technologies for Sustainable Development, 99–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00639-0_9.

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Grout, Tim G. "Cold and Heat Treatment Technologies for Post-harvest Control of Fruit Flies in Africa". In Fruit Fly Research and Development in Africa - Towards a Sustainable Management Strategy to Improve Horticulture, 465–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43226-7_20.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Post harvest technologies"

Bingham, Georgina V. "Post-harvest losses — challenges of scaling new technologies". In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107798.

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Lin, Hetong, Lin Yifen, Yihui Chen, Kong Xiangjia e Zhang Junian. "Technologies of post-harvest handling and storage for longan fruits". In 2011 International Conference on New Technology of Agricultural Engineering (ICAE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icae.2011.5943904.

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Pestova, L. P., e A. V. Chernov. "Methods for evaluating the effectiveness of post-harvest innovation technologies tobacco processing". In General question of world science. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-31-07-2018-04.

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Chaisu, Korawit. "Biological Control of Post-Harvest Banana Diseases Using Antagonistic Bacteria in Thailand". In 2018 IEEE 5th International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Applied Sciences (ICETAS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetas.2018.8629130.

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Mosyakov, M. A., e N. V. Sazonov. "TECHNOLOGIES AND MEANS OF MECHANIZATION OF SEPARATION OF ROOSE-BEARS AND ONION". In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.53-56.

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The article discusses the mechanized process of post-harvest processing of root crops and onions. Unresolved problems associated with the imperfection of the design of the separating organs of the lines of post-harvest processing are noted. Data on the content of up to 44% impurities in the heap of onion sets are given, of which 42% are soil lumps, the largest percentage of them are lumps with a diameter of 15 to 22 mm. A variational distribution curve is presented in a pile of soil lumps commensurate with onion-set in thickness. A schematic diagram of a device for the separation of a pile of root crops and bulbs with a description of the process is proposed, which allows combining the transportation and cleaning of a pile of onions from impurities. The use of the device will reduce injury and improve the quality of separation of root crops and bulbs.

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A., Boyko, Podlesny D., Babenko O., Voroshilov V. e Magomedkerimova Z. "ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEMES AND MODELING OF POST-HARVEST PROCESSING OF GRAIN AND NON-GRAIN PARTS." In Innovative technologies In science and education. DSTU-Print, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itno.2019.205-210.

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Hanson, L. E., R. M. Beaudry, T. R. Goodwill e J. M. McGrath. "RESPONSE OF SUGAR BEET RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES TO POST-HARVEST ROT FUNGI". In 37th Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2013.26.

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Ruiz Holst, Manuel, Marta Garcia De Quevedo, Emmanuel Duffaut e Ferando Martin Domiguez. "Influence of several agronomic, post-harvest and technological factors upon process ionic balance and consequently upon industrial yield". In 33rd Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2005.79.

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Kutlakhmedov, Yu, V. Davydchyk, A. Jouve e N. Grytsiuk. "Evaluation the Efficacy of the Turf-Cutter Soil Decontamination Technology". In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1167.

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Abstract The testing begun in the framework of the CEC project ECP-4 “Decontamination technologies and strategies” have allowed to develop and to test new technology of the polluted soils decontamination by removal of the thin turf layer by the vibrating blade of the special machine (Turf-Cutter). The experiments were conducted at the radioactively contaminated soils of Ukraine and Belarus during 1992–2000. The machine “TURF HARVESTER” (USA) was used in the experiment. The first testing of the method was conducted on the well turfed radioecological polygon “Buryakovka”, 4 km from the Chernobyl NPP, with levels of contamination: 100 Ci/km2 by Cs-137, 80 Ci/km2 by Sr-90, 7 Ci/km2 by Pu-239. As the preliminary researches have shown, about 95% of the radionuclides were concentrated in the upper layer of the unploughed soil. In an outcome of tests on a selected plot the decontamination factor (Fd) 25–40 for different radionuclides was obtained. After removal of turf and opening the soil surface, the wind soil erosion and secondary resuspension the radionuclides was expect. It has not taken place, as special researches on an evaluation of the wind resuspension of radionuclides by the soil particles after the turf harvesting. This can be explained as follows. The vibrating blade does not decondence and decompose the soil layer remaining. At the same time, the thin turf and soil layer removal saves the vegetation regenerating organs and roots, which allows the grass restoration and surface fixation within one month after the experiment. The second test of a method was conducted on a polygon “Chistogalovka”, 3 km of the NPP. A high level of the radioactive contamination (150 Ci/km2 by Cs-137) and the weak turf cover of the rugged sand surface characterized the polygon. The turf removal at this polygon has allowed to receive Df = 10–15. Another testing was made at the Belorussian part of the Zone, which have demonstrated the possibility of the selected turf removal under the spotty radioactive contamination. The field gamma-spectrometer “Corad”, produced by the Kurchatov Institute (Russia), was used for the operative definition the highly contaminated spots. The selected removal of the mostly contaminated spots decreased the mass of the turf removed by 70%, obtaining the Df = 5–7. Next testing was conducted at the village Miliach (Rivne Province, Dubrovitsa district, Ukraine) at the pasture “Stav” with the contamination level by Cs-137 about 5 Ci/km2. This pasture was not influenced by any post-accident countermeasures. After the radioactive turf removal (Df = 15–20), the fodder grass was sow. The grass contamination was 15 times less, comparing to the control. The experimental fattening of 10 cows by a grass, skewed on the decontaminated plot, within 10 days, was carried on. A comparison the contamination of the milk from the experimental cows, which were fed by a grass of the turf-harvested plot, and the milk of the control cows, has shown the milk Df about 11 in 1993. The data obtained show high efficiency of the decontamination technology for the polluted soils based on the turf removal by the vibrating blade. Decontamination factor about 7–15 for the sandy and dusty-sandy soils with a weak turf layer up to 20–40 for the organic and wet silty soils with a strong turf layer was obtained. Important thing is, the best Dfs were obtained for the soils, which are critical on the intensity of the root uptake of the radionuclides. The high ecological and radioecological safety of the Turf-Cutter technology of the soil decontamination is also to be considered. The thin turf and soil layer removal does not deteriorate dramatically the migration situation and at the same time does not avoid the damaged ecosystem self-restoration. The volume of the matter harvested is comparatively low, because of the thin cutting. Being stored in the walls 2,5 m height, it occupies less 5% of the territory decontaminated, and the risk of migration the radionuclides outside the storage sites is comparative to those of the primary soil layouts. The field testing of the Turf-Cutter technology show correlation of its efficacy to the soil types, vegetation cover and the landscape conditions of the contaminated territory. It allowed, using some elements of the GIS-technologies and cartographic modeling, to prepare special evaluation and zonification the territories contaminated on the efficacy of the Turf-Cutter technology, and to identify the areas best for it’s mostly effective application. Following investigations confirm stable, long-term character of the improvements carried out. The sampling of 2000 at Miliach experimental plot shows the decontamination factor 10–11 for the grass and about 8 for milk. Moreover, as the Cs-137 still remains at the upper part of the soil profile, the Turf-Cutter technology is still actual for the territories of the post-Chernobyl radioactive contamination. Obviously, it can be suitable also for the removal of any other surface pollutant from the soil.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Post harvest technologies"

Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Tackling post harvest loss in Ghana: Cost-effectiveness of technologies. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/1032568653.

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