Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Politique économique – Cuba – 1990-"
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Larifla, Lydia. "L'expérience cubaine de développement (1959-1993) : système socialiste et régime rentier-assisté". Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070088.
Texto completo da fonteThe cuban economic model of development must be analysed beaning in mind that cuba belongs both to the socialist block and the third world. It is then possible to understand how the economy functions, in global terms, between 1959 and 1985 , before studying the crisis experienced by cuba in the 1980's. Compared with the other socialist countries, cuba is different in three ways : the greatest level of collectivisation, the legitimacy of the cuban communist party, the variations of centralised planning. Cuba is a rent economy : as a political ally of the comecon's countries, it received from socialist countries, and above all from the ussr a guaranteed and permanent foreign income which was invested in an unproductive way. Thanks to this income, cuba was able to develop a large social sector, but because of it, the economy is characterised by monoproductio n and monoexportation, and therefore by vulnerability and dependance. This model met with crisis from onward. The end of the relations with the socialist countries led to disappearance of guaranteed markets, the end of the subsidies and the end of financial and technical support. The bases of the accumulation disappeared : reduced possibilities for exporting sugar led to a big reduction in the ability to import consumer goods and capital goods. The solutions are very ambiguous and are not incorporated in a long-term vision. The serious problems of legitimacy that the political regime is facing are reflected in the huge flight of cubans to the united states
López, Segrera Francisco. "Cuba sans l'URSS (1989-1995) : antécédents, variables, alternatives et scénarios". Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081073.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis tries to make a critical analysis of the cuban revolution from 1959 to september 1995, specially during the 1989-1995 period, where cuba, without urss looks for another way and - using a multidisciplinary methodology - it shows the variables, alternatives and scenarios that emerges in the new national and international reality. This research, besides the introduction and the conclusions, has six chapters analysing : national and international situation, cuban economy, social sphere, domestic policy, foreign policy and culture. Cuba without urss, beyond its serious crisis, doesn't fall as other socialist countries have done, nor it desintegrates like urss, because its nationalism and its socialism are two concepts firmly linked. Cuba adapts its own model, trying to maintain and develop self-determination, sovereignty, social justice in order to obtain definitely its own independant development
Redon, Klemia. "Héritage afro-cubain : Entre identité culturelle et représentation folklorique donnée à voir aux touristes (1992-2021)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALL008.
Texto completo da fonteWith an history as complex as rich, Cuba has in just a few years become a popular destination for the beauty of its landscapes and beaches, as well as the warmth and friendliness of its people.Following an unprecedented economic crisis that hit Cuba in the early 90s, known as "el Periodo Especial en tiempo de paz", Fidel Castro's government decided to develop a tourism policy designed to boost the economy, which had been badly hit by the end of financial support from the Soviet Union.The "crocodile" of the Caribbean, a strategic location between colonial Europe and America, for a long time in the hands of the Spanish and then the British, has constantly undergone a process of transculturation and acculturation throughout its history, overturning many of the socio-cultural codes that have given rise to Cuba's unique cultural identity.From the 60s onwards, on the strength of this cultural diversity, Fidel Castro's government, which dissociated popular cultural events from folklore, took over the traditional cultural heritage of the slaves, adapting and profaning it at the same time.This desire to highlight Afro-Cuban culture was accentuated in the 90s with the arrival of tourism in Cuba. The proliferation of hotel complexes, the diversification of tourist attractions and the desire to bring foreign currency into the country have accentuated this trend?
Pâris, Laurence. "De l'internationalisation du conflit centre-américain : l'influence des acteurs externes sur l'évolution politique de l'Amérique centrale des années quatre-vingts". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010312.
Texto completo da fonteThe first time in the history of Latin America when a great number of outside parties were involved in a regional conflict was in Central America in the 1980's. At that time, the democratic evolution of the local political regimes appeared as the result of the interacting strategies of many foreign countries. Some of them seemed to be operating in an East Ouest confrontation state of mind while others tended to minimize the conflict to its local scale. For example, the democratization of Central American countries serves the US policy better than one solely based on strengh. At the same time, the Ussr does not develop an offensive policy in area which is considered as a bartering commodity in its relationship with the US. Meanwhile, in order to gain the international community's trust and maintain the stability of the new regime in Nicaragua, Cuba is trying to still the revolutionary movements. On the other hand, European countries, be it the EEC, the states or certain political movements, offer a western alternatives to the us and might end up as being the way to follow. However, European actions have only been able to go this far because of the birth of an independent Latin American diplomacy, especially through the Contadora group. This group aims at an economic development and a greater political stability in the area. Today, as we are neating the end of this decade, the collapse of the communist system speeds up the democratic transition of the Central American regimes, proving this type of regime to be the only viable reference
Habel, Janette. "Cuba dans les Caraïbes : identité, utopie et réalités". Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080832.
Texto completo da fonteThere has never been such a severe crisis in cuba since fidel's castro victory. The demise of the soviet union which put and end to the previous relationship had revealed that the dependance of the economy on sugar crops remain steady. 35 years after castro's victory the resources of the country are not sufficient to guarantee neither the energetic needs of the country nor the food for the population. This is the balancesheet of the integration in the comecon which have put cuba in a subordinate and dependant status. The reinstatement of the country in the world economy will jeopardize its social achievements and the political influence la havana had won on the world scale. Will the economc reforms which have been initiated in 1993 by f. Castro be able to secure a peaceful transition towards a market economy or is a political crisis unavoidable ?
Geoffray, Marie Laure. "Culture, politique et contestation à Cuba (1989-2009) : une sociologie politique des modes non conventionnels d'action collective en contexte autoritaire". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D110.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation is based on eleven months of fieldwork in Cuba. Its objective is twofold. First, understand how contentious dynamics have emerged and endured through time without undergoing severe repression, like dissident movements. Secondly, grasp what the existence of this tolerated contention tells us about the way power is wielded in such a context. Contentious practices are here defined as intentional, collective and conflictive. This study focuses on the relationships between contentious movements and State authorities, in order to understand the logics of their interactions. Elaborating on this, this dissertation shows that contentious practices are partly tolerated by the authorities because they are neither oppositional nor directly political. They are linked up, though in a critical and sometimes subversive way, to the norms of the revolutionary socialization, on which are based the legitimate frameworks for perception of reality. Contentious movements are situated at the margins of the cultural field, thanks to the creation of a hybrid repertoire: between collective action and cultural creation. That ambiguity allows them to negotiate space for action, according to the levels of government. Authorities grant them some space because that this allows for the regulation and containment of contention, through the use of a specific mode of coercion, which is based on uncertainty and arbitrariness. This study also brings to light the plasticity of the Cuban regime and invites us, beyond that specific case, to substitute analyses in terms of erosion of governing capacity for analyses of the modes of adaptation and transformation of authoritarian regimes
Ferullo, Hugo Daniel. "Modeles de developpement et politiques macro-economiques en argentine (1880-1990)". Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO22004.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis intends to examine historical variable development process in argentina economy. The analysis focuses on specifics forms of interactions between the field of macroeconomics policies and development models. The changing nature of economics world and the fact that almost all sectors of social life seem to be interdependant in a development process, makes it difficult to build models. To try to do this, this study proposes a theoretical framework that combines the national account identities, th3e regulation theory and the spatial economic analysis. This thesis is structured in three parts. It starts with a brief overview of the literature and a discussion on economic development paradigms (section 1). In section 2, three basic development models are proposed to provide a descriptive analysis of argentine economy between 1880 and the early 1980's. During the 1980's crisis of external debt, budget deficit and flight capital became central economic problems. As a consequence growth stagnated to such an extend that a far reaching process of structural reform became increasingly necessary. Section 3 deals with the lasted structural adjustement ; a tucuman economy analysis is proposed
Accoce, Jean-Vincent. "Globalisation et politique économique nationale dans les pays en développement". Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40013.
Texto completo da fonteSenoble, Romain. "Que révèle l'évolution récente des stratégies de développement institutionnel des bailleurs de fonds occidentaux ? : étude comparative de la dynamique des processus de marchéisation et de démocratisation impulsée par les politiques d'aide française et britannique dans les années 1990". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0066.
Texto completo da fonteThat DPhil thesis is a study of the evolution of the institutional development strategies of the western donors in the 1990s. Based on a pluridisciplinary methodology using economics, political science, political economy and international relations, the document explores first the different schools of thinking that contribute to the comprehension of the dynamics of the marketization and democratization processes. Second, the operational concept of institutional development used and applicated by the western donors is reformulated in the perspective of the recent theories and in relation with the World Bank and UNPD institutional development strategies in the 1990s. Third, the bilateral institutional development strategies of France and Great-Britain are compared. Conceptions of this field of action, but also policies and strategies are compared with an analysis of the reform of the aid administrations
Salas, Aguayo Francisca Andrea. "Histoire socio-politique du Chili : une interprétation depuis la revue Mensaje entre 1958-1973". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0111/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe present research aims to reconstruct the position of the magazine Mensaje throughout fifteen years of Chile’s history (1958-1973). Through an inductive and qualitative methodology, a review on the interpretation of this publication has been reached. In this way, through the codification of all articles by topic, this work introduces the central concepts used by Mensaje, which the journal employed to analyse this historical period. In addition to this, the research proposes a relationship or storyline between these concepts, born from a transversal term throughout the articles: "social change". In regard to the structure of the study, the work is divided into two sections: "the importance of social change" and "two models of social change". Both sections are complementary: while debates and concepts emerge in the first section, the second pursues them and delves into them in Chilean soil. Each one of these sections is subdivided into three chapters, which chronologically examine the central concepts commented by Mensaje.The first chapter of the initial section “the importance of social change” examines the concept of "communism" and how it constitutes “an urgency” and a “problem" for the publication due to its "growth". Mensaje interprets the progressive influence of “communism” as a symptom of a problem: the "expanding social malaise". In this scenario Mensaje proposes the strengthening of intermediary bodies and the application of the theory of economic development in favour of changing the social and economic structures as an answer. The second chapter propose a comparative analysis between the Cuban Revolution and the Alliance for Progress (ALPRO). Both events promoted, although not in the same way, a greater value for "social change". The third chapter deals with the implementation of the "agrarian reform" in Chile, as a sign of the arrival of "social change” to the territory. In this context, we analyse the influence and impact of the experience of the distribution of land owned by the Church’s hierarchy amongst its workers, as a symbol of approval of a specific model of "social change".The second section deals with two specific Chilean models of "social change": the first “revolución en libertad" (revolution in freedom), the second “transición al socialismo” (transition to socialism). In this context, the first chapter analyses the emergence and consolidation of the Christian Democratic Party (PDC) in the political arena, through the gain of the presidency in 1964. The magazine Mensaje explicitly supports the government of Eduardo Frei (PDC) and its project "revolution in freedom". The second chapter studies the magazines disillusionment in respect to the PDC’s political project, and gives an explanation for its failure. Nevertheless, the publication confirms the existence of transformations in Chilean society by the multiplication of social movements. The last part of this section studies the success of “Unidad Popular” (Popular Unity) -a union of left-wing movements and parties, some of them Marxist- in the presidential elections of 1970. The magazine ends by analysing the possible presence of a "fascist right" in Chile. Finally, the last chapter comments directly on the three years of government of the UP and its project to "transit to socialism” in four moments: "continental situation", "construction of a dominant social area", "crisis of confidence in the political game of parties" and finally "coup d'état (1973)"
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo reconstruir la postura de la revista Mensaje a lo largo de 15 años de la historia de Chile (1958-1973). Así, mediante una metodología inductiva y cualitativa, el presente trabajo analiza el discurso de la publicación en el periodo. De tal modo, el trabajo por medio de la codificación de los artículos por temáticas recoge los conceptos centrales a través de los cuales la revista interpretó los diversos sucesos. Por otra parte, esta reflexión establece una relación entre estos conceptos a partir del término “cambio social”, noción recurrente en los artículos. Respecto a la estructura este estudio se organiza en dos secciones complementarias: “la importancia del cambio social” y “dos modelos de cambio social”. En la primera sección el trabajo relaciona debates y conceptos socio-políticos, mientras que la segunda se aparta de una esfera más teórica para ponerlos a prueba en el contexto chileno. Cada uno de estos apartados se subdividen en tres capítulos que examinan cronológicamente las temáticas comentadas por Mensaje.Así, el primer capítulo de la sección inicial estudia el concepto de “comunismo” y cómo para la publicación este constituyó una “urgencia” y un “problema” debido a su crecimiento, interpretado como síntoma del “creciente malestar social”. Así, Mensaje propone como respuesta el fortalecimiento de los “cuerpos intermedios” y la aplicación de la “teoría del desarrollo” a favor del cambio de la estructura económica y social. El segundo capítulo propone un análisis relacional entre la Revolución Cubana y Alianza para el Progreso (ALPRO). Ambos acontecimientos que promocionaron, aunque no del mismo modo, un mayor valor por el “cambio social”. El tercer capítulo aborda la implementación de la “reforma agraria” en Chile como signo de la llegada del “cambio social” al territorio. En este contexto, se analiza la influencia e impacto que tuvo el reparto de tierras de la jerarquía de la Iglesia Católica entre sus trabajadores como señal de aprobación de modelo específico de “cambio social”. La segunda sección trata específicamente sobre dos modelos chilenos de “cambio social”: “revolución en libertad” y “transición al socialismo”. El primer capítulo considera la consolidación del Partido Demócrata Cristiano (PDC), el cual logra la presidencia en 1964 con el candidato Eduardo Frei y el proyecto “revolución en libertad”, a los que la revista Mensaje apoyó explícitamente. El segundo capítulo expone la desilusión de la revista respecto al proyecto, así como la explicación sobre su fracaso. No obstante, la publicación confirma la existencia de transformaciones en la sociedad chilena por la multiplicación de los movimientos sociales. La última parte de esta sección, estudia el éxito en las elecciones presidenciales de 1970 por la Unidad Popular (UP) –unión de movimientos y partidos de izquierda, algunos marxistas–. La revista termina analizando la posible presencia de una derecha “fascista” en Chile. Finalmente, el último capítulo, analiza, en cuatro momentos, los tres años de gobierno de la UP y su proyecto “tránsito al socialismo”: “situación continental”, “construcción del un área social dominante”, “crisis de confianza en el juego político de partidos” y “golpe de estado (1973)”
Shamsuldin, Ali Yahya. "Le rôle de l'État dans le processus de développement au Yémen du Nord (1962-1990)". Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070066.
Texto completo da fonteOfferle, Bernard. "La politique économique britannique selon the Economist (5 mai 1979 - 24 novembre 1990)". Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100142.
Texto completo da fonteKichou, Lyazid. "Institutions et organisations : réformes économiques et processus de privatisation en Algérie, 1990-2001". Amiens, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AMIE0055.
Texto completo da fonteAlfa, Cisse Fatoumata. "Croissance économique et politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté : Le cas du Niger". Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020084.
Texto completo da fonteBilgin, Mert. "L'impact des hydrocarbures Caspiens sur le développement de l'Azebaïdjan, du Kazakhstan et du Turkménistan". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0008.
Texto completo da fonteCommercialization of Caspian hydrocarbons in the post-Soviet era leads to an effect of impact on the development processes of Azerbaïdjan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan by determining not only the changing characteristics of their dependency through transformation of "metropolis- stellite relations" into "center- periphery relations", but also the essences of their economic growth by directly shaping both sector-based evolutions as well as structural adjustments. The dependency of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan on the actors that dominate exploration, production, transportation and marketing phases perpetuates by a changing characteristic. With regard to economic growth certain negative effects, such as the expansion of energy sector against agriculture and non-oil sectors, growing populist pollicies of the governments, quasi-fiscal activities, decreasing taxation rates and appreciation of Manat and Tenge are discernible. To conclude, it is possible to say that Azerbaidjan has a tendency to turn into a Rentier state which suffers from the Dutch disease, Kazakhstan seems to be at crossroads between a healthy development process and a process of economic growth that includes certain indicators of the Dutch disease and Turkmenistant has already entered in its own way forwarded towards Dutch disease under the administartion of a Rentier state
Ayoub, Hassan. "Efficacité du système financier et rôle des banques dans le cadre d'une économie ouverte en cours de reconstruction et de développement : rôle du Liban". Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0046.
Texto completo da fonteStuliić, Vera. "Les conséquences de la politique économique en RF de Yougoslavie durant l'embargo". Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0093.
Texto completo da fonteThe topic of our research is the FRY economy during years 1992 -1995. They are years with highly specific internal and external phenomenon. These years correspond to the embargo against the FRY, which reduced the economy to its internal market, as trade with foreigners was not possible but for special intermediaries. This generated shortages, increased the black market for imported goods and generally increased economic problems particularly in the industrial sector. The war situation then predominating affected to a large extent the social and moral climate of the country. The FRY was already a transition economy. Privatisation, which had already begun went through all these years unabated. The study of the privatisation process then taking place makes clear that there was no will to implement it in an orderly way but that privatisation was mostly implemented out of the institutional context. The acute hyperinflation of 1992 and 1993 shows the local political elite implementing a massive asset divestment policy and ready to dump the country's future on the behalf of its own interest. During the second part of early 90's (1994-1995) supposed to be a time of healing, an economic stabilisation programme was implemented. Economic difficulties were still present but in a far less chaotic environment. This programme proved that economic policy could dampen the embargo effects. This is why we focused on describing defects of the internal economic policy. Once the embargo lifted it was this policy, which would exert a deep influence on the country social and economic development
Hamour, Fadila. "La dimension économique du dialogue euro-arabe, 1974-1990". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040063.
Texto completo da fonteHerry, Pascal. "Le modèle irlandais de partenariat local et sa dimension européenne". Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20052.
Texto completo da fonteThrough its regional policy instruments, the European Union fostered new methods of local development in Ireland in the 1990's. These were based on the capacity to generate innovative projects on a local level and made it possible to turn the concept of integrated development and its related concept of partnership into reality. Three contexts were specifically targeted: vitally needed regeneration of the rural economy, island-wide ; efforts to fight unemployment and boost enterprise development in the Republic of Ireland ; and reconciliation between communities within the framework of the peace process in Northern Ireland. In the south and north alike, Irish local partnership has also given rise to a reform of the local government system, characterised by skilful proportioning of participative democracy and representative democracy. In this respect, the parallel emergence of new forms of local management in both parts of the island has taken on a strategic dimension in the context of cross-border co-operation which is also furthered by European integration. This is why, along with the fact that it has successfully assimilated good practices previously tested elsewhere in Europe and the fact that it has succeeded in influencing other policies drawn up in Ireland or on an EU level, Irish local partnership can be considered as a development model
Shen, Ming-yuan. "Analyse de la fécondité en Chine : approche micro-économique". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0023.
Texto completo da fonteMulet, Pascual Margalida. "Resolver, un art cubain de la débrouille : la gestion du quotidien des Vazquez, une famille transnationale dans la Cuba des années 2000". Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0706.
Texto completo da fonteEl presente trabajo consiste en una etnografía del cotidiano cubano realizada a lo largo de siete años (2007-2013). La investigación se ha desarrollado en diferentes hogares de una familia multi-situada (multi-site), la cual ha servido a la vez como base de observación de la sociedad y como objeto de investigación. El hogar principal se encuentra La Habana, otro en Monte, un pueblo rural en el oriente de la isla, de donde procede la familia y un tercero en Miami, Estados Unidos. La familia se moviliza constantemente entre los tres hogares, ya sea por viaje o por migración. La investigación multi-situada por inmersión ha sido completada con la consulta de archivos inéditos de Oscar Lewis y de su equipo. Archivos, escritos y orales, procedentes de una vasta investigación colectiva sobre la vida en Cuba durante la primera década de la Revolución (1968-1970) y cuyas cajas han sido re-abiertas por primera vez para esta investigación. Su exploración permite acceder a las experiencias vividas por los cubanos de la época y de confrontarlos a la memoria de tres generaciones de la Cuba contemporánea. Examinadas a partir de las experiencias cotidianas, las dificultades con las que se topan los cubanos han dado lugar al “resolver”, un arte particular del apaño que conforma la unidad de todas las descripciones. Desde el inicio de la Revolución los cubanos han estado condenados a la resolución permanente en su mayoría fuera de la legalidad, frente a los constantes imprevistos de la vida económica producidos por un sistema poco coherente. Este sistema por un lado ha sido el resultado de un voluntarismo utópico, y por otro lado de un pragmatismo del propio poder por resolver a su vez las dificultades que suscita. La creatividad de los gobernados ha ido muy lejos, hasta rediseñar el sistema económico y social de la isla desde sus cimientos. Lejos de la idea de una economía paralela, la etnografía del resolver traza un tejido social en el que, por decirlo de alguna manera, el gobierno ha proporcionado el hilo autoritario, y el pueblo cubano, la trama improvisada. La etnografía se adentra en los detalles del arte de llegar a fin de mes recurriendo a los métodos de la etnocontabilidad: describir y calcular como las personas cuentan, escrutan los presupuestos de sus hogares y de empresas, en su mayoría ilegales, y como establecen las rentabilidades reales de los desvíos y arreglos económicos. El resultado es un tipo de fenomenología de lo cotidiano: alimentarse, curarse, trabajar, pesar cada recurso y cada gasto, prestar atención a la más mínima actividad y establecer un seguimiento etnográfico de los recorridos de los bienes y de las personas. El método muestra un nivel de detalle inusual a partir de inventarios exhaustivos, estos han sido particularmente extensos en relación al abastecimiento y a la alimentación, revelando una subnutrición oculta en los datos oficiales. También se describe detalladamente la poliactividad de los ciudadanos combinando el trabajo en empresas públicas con otras actividades legales y/o ilegales, el coste de la salud en los presupuestos familiares y la solidaridad transnacional entre los diferentes hogares, desde la isla hasta Miami. Describiendo situaciones que rozan el surrealismo, la investigación revela múltiples maneras de ilustrar el cotidiano como explica la expresión particularmente significativa de un empresario etnografiado, “el gobierno juega a pagarnos y nosotros jugamos a trabajar”. El objetivo de esta investigación no ha consistido en fijar la inestabilidad de las significaciones reveladas dentro de un marco definitivo sino, al contrario, de resaltar los procesos que las agitan. Como parte inherente de esta agitación, la idiosincrasia cubana, restituida en el teatro de sus operaciones, pasa a ser descriptible y traducible
This study is an ethnography of the Cuban quotidian conducted over seven years (2007-2013). Different homes of a multi-sited family have served as a basis for the study of society and as an object of the research itself. The main home is in Havana, the second one is in Monte, a rural village from where the family comes from originally in the east of the island, and a third one in Miami, United States. The family is constantly moving between the three homes, either to visit or to migrate. The consultation of the written and oral archives of Oscar Lewis and associates completed the multi-sited immersion research. Those archives boxes, which have been re-opened for the very first time for this study, contain the files of an extensive collective research on life in Cuba during the first decade of the Revolution (1968-1970). Scanning Lewis records allows the comparison of the experiences of the Cubans from that period to the memory of three generations of the contemporary Cuba. The difficulties the Cubans deal with on a daily basis have led to the particular art of fixing/managing things or situations called resolver (to solve) which is the center of each and every description of quotidian experiences. Since the Revolution Cuban people have been doomed with permanent “resolver,” taking place mostly outside or below the law, to face an insufficiently coherent system that produces constant economic impasses. On the one hand, this system is the result of the utopian voluntarism, on the other, it is the outcome of the State’s pragmatism to solve (resolver) the obstacles caused by itself. The creativity of the governed has gone far enough to redesign from its foundations the island economic and social system. The ethnography of Resolver draws a social fabric in which the government provides the authoritarian thread and the Cuban people the improvised pattern, far from the idea of a parallel economy. Ethnography delves into the details of the art of making ends meet using the ethno-accounting approach. This is describing and calculating how people count, scrutinize their home and business budgets, the latter mostly illegal, and how do they estimate the real return of their diverted and fixed economic enterprises. The result is a kind of phenomenology of everyday life: how to feed and heal themselves, to work, to weight every resource and every outlay, considering the slightest activity and setting up an ethnographic monitoring of goods and members of the family. This approach provides an unusual level of detail through comprehensive inventories, particularly extensive for supply and food, revealing a degree of undernourishment not disclosed by the official data. It also describes in detail the citizens’ pluriactivity which combines working in public companies with other legal or illegal occupations. It also illustrates the impact of health expenditure on family budgets and the transnational solidarity between homes, from the island to Miami. The research reveals multiple ways to explain the quotidian, describing situations that verge on the surreal. One of the entrepreneurs depicted in the ethnography says a significative phrase: the government pretends to pay us and we pretend to work. The main aim of this research has not been to determine the instability of the revealed meanings within an established framework but, on the contrary, to highlight the processes that agitate them. Cuban idiosyncrasy inherent in this turmoil, and restored in the theater of operations, becomes describable and translatable
Gharibeh, Azza. "La presse écrite économique en Syrie et la réforme de juillet 2000". Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020075.
Texto completo da fonteGuei, Pierre. "Convergence des politiques macroéconomiques et croissance économique en UEMOA". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR1005/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe convergence of macroeconomic policies is now in a recession lasting, at the center of debate in European countries, the main funders of WAEMU countries. It causes a disturbing inconsistency in the countries of the monetary zone which, for historical reasons, have adopted as an anchor currency the euro, hoping for a strong and sustainable growth. This thesis proposes a reflection on the relationship between the criteria of convergence and economic growth in WAEMU. We, in the first part, investigated this convergence while highlighting the obstacles to the virtuous sequence between the latter and economic growth. In the second part, we sought solutions to improve the capacity of countries to converge and accelerate their growth. We conclude that the relaxation of monetary and fiscal constraints may be accompanied by inter-country or inter-authorities solidarity. Efficiency can be increased by extending the economic space, starting with a cluster convergence and community care social stability
Meunié, André Jean. "La soutenabilité de la croissance économique : le cas de la Chine : analyse théorique et vérifications empiriques". Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40042.
Texto completo da fonteWeil, Jorge. "Les stratégies de développement à dominante populaire face à la domination des Etats-Unis en Amerique. Les cas de Cuba et du Nicaragua". Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080801.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis attempts to explore development differently than is done traditionally. On the one hand, by criticising the usual reading supports, analytical tables, and the conceptual categories used in the interpretation of reality. On the other, by using the developmental experiences in cuba and nicaragua to put into the forefront a certain number of objectives, priorities, and the articulations between economic, political, social and cultural orders. The nature of the new political regimes stemming from the experiments of both these countries was never accepted by imperialism. The united states sees these new regimes as a threat to their existence and to their national security to the extent that cuba and nicaragua are situated within the interior of the zone which belongs to the system of defence of the u. S. A. . In cuba and nicaragua, the transition from capitalist underdevelopment to people development has encountered internal and external constraints in economic and political areas. In the process of changing economic structures, the strategy underlying people oriented development has had to bend to the conditions imposed by the logic and the positions that prevail in the international division of labour, in the world economy, in the unequal exchange of products, and in technological and financial dependency. People oriented development is based on large numbers, on the sectors and social levels of masses in order to make possible the internal transformations necessary in restructuring the orientations of an economy turned towards the satisfaction of the basic needs of the population. People oriented development has been a movement of conquest in the kind of mass auto determination capable of. . .
Coello, Schaudel Barbara. "Impact de l'ouverture commerciale sur les ménages au Viet-Nam". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010050.
Texto completo da fonteHarvey, Alexandra. "Cuba face aux défis de l'époque gorbatchévienne : le début de la fin de la guerre froide et ses implications pour les relations soviéto-cubaines et pour le processus révolutionnaire cubain (1985-1991)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17932.
Texto completo da fonteLarrain, Ríos Guillermo. "Taux de change réel, politique budgétaire et industrialisation". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0120.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesies studies the properties of the non interventionist approach to development and the role of budget policies. Chile is a good case study. We broaden the industrialisation model by Murphy et al (1989) by opening the economy. Firms can finance the investment needed to change technology thanks to a real depreciation followed by an appreciation. This approach has limits. We consider the determinants of the real exchange rate beyond bydgetary policies. We focus hence on the role of public services and public investment. Industrialisation may appear in this non interventionist approach. Budget policy must be contractive initially, but expansionary afterwards. The obstacles to this approach suggest that industrialisation may be delayed relative to a well designed microeconomic policy
Larkeche, Seddik. "Enjeux et perspectives d'une nouvelle problématique du risque politique : l'exemple de l'algérie". Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33028.
Texto completo da fonteDurand, Cédric. "Une analyse institutionnaliste de la coordination industrielle : étude des transformations de la métallurgie russe (1992-2001)". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0028.
Texto completo da fonteLlense, Fabienne. "Analyse économique des rémunérations des dirigeants des grandes entreprises". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010053.
Texto completo da fontePrado, Cardenas Leonardo Adolfo. "La mondialisation et l'application du modèle néolibéral au Pérou". Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA082018.
Texto completo da fonteDanna, Buitrago Jenny Paola. "L'intégration économique internationale de la Colombie (1990-2010) : une approche en termes d'économie politique internationale". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00913260.
Texto completo da fonteBocco, Riccardo. "Etat et tribus bédouines en Jordanie, 1920-1990 : les Huwaytat : territoire, changement économique, identité politique". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0011.
Texto completo da fonteUntil the beginning of the peace process, Bedouin identity, tribal values and allegiances have been used by the king and the palace elites - including those ones of Palestinian origin - both to counteract Israeli denials of a "national identity" on the east bank, and as an instrument to prevent the subversion of an established order shaken by the rise of Arab socialism or the PLO in the past, or by islamic fundamentalism more recently. However, the Bedouin tribes are far from controlling the state system: during the past decades they have been economically and politically marginalized. Largely dependent on the state, today the Bedouin are much less privileged than the stereotypes on Jordan make scholars believe. By focusing on the Huwaytat, the most important Bedouin tribe of Southern Jordan, the thesis presents the historical ties that have linked the Bedouins to the Hashemites, analyses the process of state-building and its impact on the tribes. After having described the territorial formation of the Hashemite kingdom during the mandate period, through the delimitation of boundaries, the definition of tribes'nationality and the strategies of control over them, the study analyses the development programmes in the steppes, the process of nomads'settlement and the marginalisation of the pastoral economy. The study of the electoral laws from 1929 to 1986 and the parliamentary elections of 1989 in the southern Bedouin constituency allow for focusing on political competition at the local and at the national level, as well as on the process of tribal elites reproduction
Donadieu, José. "Politiques de change, politiques financières et crises en Asie du Sud Est : les cas thai͏̈landais et malais". Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT4001.
Texto completo da fonteCachat, Gérard. "La genèse du septième plan quinquennal, 1986-1990 : en République populaire de Chine, 1976-1986". Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30021.
Texto completo da fonteZerrouki, Soad. "La genèse des orientations économiques de la République arabe du Yémen (1962-1990)". Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070033.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim goal of our study will be focused on the eveloping growth in the north-yemen since 1962 - birth of the republic- to the proclamation of the unification with the south yemen in 1990, in order to get a contemporary historical statement of the situation. Meanwhile, to clarigy this report, our argument will be based on the very first concept of the evolving process of the different ways of identification and solidarity whitch enables us to notice and seize the changes of the social and economic growths. By the way, we've devided them into three main points. First one : the increasing individualisation of the social relationships at the expense of the traditional ones. Second one : the new fonction is attributed to the state plus its new ideological means of legitimation and finally its different intervention into the economic and social life. Third and last point : the new orientation into the economic and political field. The analysis of this transition process whitch has lighted on our study could
Jedwab, Rémi. "Contributions à l'analyse économique du développement et de ses dimensions spatiales". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0082.
Texto completo da fonteDevelopment is associated with structural change, the transition from an agricultural subsistence economy to a modem industrial and service economy. Such transformation usually results from a green revolution or an industrial revolution. As modem production is urban-based, structural change also drives urbanization, which affects economic development because of agglomeration economies. How did this model apply in Sub-Saharan Africa? First, the continent has remained poor. Second, its economy has not experienced any major structural change, as agriculture still employs 60% of its labour force. Third, Africa is as urbanized as Asia. Understanding the development process of Africa implies to study how these three stylized facts combine: modest economic growth, non-¬industrialization and rapid urbanization. A fourth stylized fact is that African countries are still dependent upon natural resource exports. These exports have generated a massive surplus for producing countries which have then experienced strong economic growth for several decades. This surplus has also contributed to the growth of African cities. Yet economic growth did not permit them to structurally transform their-economy. The objective of this dissertation is not to rewrite the economic history of Africa. It tries to document these stylized facts by focusing on specific issues, whether urbanization, resource curse or the role of transportation infrastructure in development
Otmani, Abdelhafid. "L’Algérie : modèles économiques et réformes". Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA084065.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive and critical view of the systemic change of the Algerian economy. In this work we have studied three economic models, two neoclassical, the first radical and the second gradual. The third is heterodox, Post-Keynesian. Indeed, the strategies followed by countries in transition are now well-known, which exhorts us also to empirical and theoretical comparisons, in light of these models, between the various approaches taken to identify and subsequently to detect malfunctions or defects that characterize the economic reforms in Algeria. If, in Algeria, the results obtained after the changes are detectable, their confrontation and reconciliation with a theoretical model developed still extremely complex. Indeed, it turns out that for a real economic takeoff, Algeria should review all the basic elements that affect the proper functioning of its institutions and hampering economic development, while the country has all the necessary resources. It is clear that no model among those discussed in the first part, has been followed, not even a combination of these three models, it appears that the rule in Algeria, it is the non- model. Political improvisation, that characterized the economic and political decisions for a quarter century, cannot be sustained. This country will never experience success, if the idea of leap for a real model of transition and development is not implemented in the context of a clear and determined policy
Fulla, Mathieu. "Le Parti socialiste face à la question économique (1945-1981) : une histoire économique du politique". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/les-socialistes-francais-et-l-economie--9782724618600.htm.
Texto completo da fonteWhile the french right still enjoys the presumption of innocence in economic matters, the left continues to be bound to an era of suspicion. The pervasive cliché of the left's poor performance is deeply rooted in the collective unconscious of french political life. Based on this observartion the objective of this dissertation is to discuss that representation by developing two methodological lines. The first aims to fill a gap in french historiography. The study of the relationship between the French socialist parties and economic issues remains a blind spot. The second line deals with epistemological issues. To our knowledge, there is no available research to study both ideological production, political uses and the role of experts in the economic strategies of a french political party in the second half of the 20th century. Such a gap is problematic: since the second world war the legitimacy of political power has been increasingly based on economic competence. Therefore the role of the economy within a party claiming to remain faithful to the principles of marxism such as the socialist party deserves careful examination
Castelli, Jean. "La politique économique de l'Allemagne et la dynamique de ses partenaires : le cas Allemagne-France". Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21006.
Texto completo da fonteDuring the eigthies, economic relations between france and germany articulate through a " virtuous/vicious circle " (" vertuous " for germany and " vicious " for france). The differentiations of industrial, commercial and foreign direct investment structures work the prime-mover function in the " vituous/vicious " circle, despite the decline of german commercial advantage in the sector of capital goods, because germany make the best of its starting advantage and of international commercial exchange. The appreciation of d-mark is an important but not essential factor of the " vertuous/vicious circle ". The substance of the d-mark appreciation is the differentiations of industrial and commercial structures. The " vertuous/vicious circle " which expresses and makes the " domination effect " of germany on france, creates an export of inflationary, recessionary and disinflationary pressures, either directly through the appreciation of d-mark and german commercial surpluses, or undirectly through the adjustment of french economic policy on german economic policy. German unification has disrupted the " domination effect " of germany on france. The rupture of the " vertuous/vicious circle " after the german unification, reveales the strenghs and weaknesses of german economy, and changes the german " domination effect ". After a brief period of expansionary effects on france, because of huge transferts towards the previous east germany, the german unification entailes strong recessionary tensions due to policies against inflationary pressures in germany which compel german and french monetary and fiscal policies in a restrictive way. Besides, the french economic policy has not enjoyed the new room that german unification could allow, because of french will to carry on european monetary integration within the german pattern of priority for monetary value stability
Fages, Emmanuel. "Réforme économique dans les PVD et enjeux de l'environnement global : pour une politique intégrée : réflexions à partir du cas de l'Inde". Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0018.
Texto completo da fonteTOUIL, AHMED. "La productivité du travail : concept et portée dans la détermination du niveau de l'emploi". Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100056.
Texto completo da fonteKoudema, Biko-Aly. "Évaluation des actions de développement dans la région économique de la Kara au Togo depuis 1960 : (Bilan et analyse critique)". Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30013.
Texto completo da fonteQues d'encadrement, l'elevation des prix d'achat aux paysans sont indispensables pour evolution. The various developmental projects (rural and industrial) carried out in this region have as primary objectives self-sufficiency in food and the improvement of the living standars of the population. A seven-month fiels-work in the asea was carried out through direct questionnaires (documentation and discussions with the peasants). The fint past is devoted to the study of the tradional economy pratised the triple colonial period (english and french) : the most strikind of the colonial heritage is the setthing of a past of the population of kara in the south of the country where they have acquired new land. The economic and social results for the region clusing this period is almost negative. The second part descrites the development actions. The importance of these actions is justified by the inestia whick prevaite during the colonial period. These actions are divides ints three : rural development projets (fed project nord-togo project franche kara, project kara food crops project). They see charnessing as a nen technique, the massive use of cheminal fertilizers and selected seeds as indispensable in the attainment of food self-sufficiency. The technical advice given by the officials in the project zones become in many cases "decrees". These competing actions have however enabled the areas to achieve self-sufficiency in food supply. But the situation precatious due to the adverse climatic conditions affecting the region. Actions aimed at raising standard of living : the cultof work. Though a large consummer of chemical fertilizers it does not yield enough revenu for the fesmers. Its only advantage is the after-effect of the fertilizers on the other crops. This is a long term investment. Industrial projects : two principal industries have been established in the region. One textile factory, togotex. Its-establishment was as a result of the precipitation of foreogn investors. Is has never been operational due to the poor condition of the machines. On the contrary brasseriekara which has just beenopened allows for much hope. As a matter of jact these industries are still weak. The thind part assesses the results of these actions, results which reveal more failures than successes. In all, the understanding between the pea
Vukmanic, Jankovic Sanja. "L' environnement et l'aménagement du territoire dans un système autogéré : l'exemple yougoslave". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010018.
Texto completo da fonteBelhadi, Abdelhafid. "La place du secteur public dans le développement économique de l'Algérie : aspects juridiques". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010273.
Texto completo da fonteKolozsi, Pál Péter. "Libéralisation commerciale et politique de change : possibilités et contraintes dans une petite économie ouverte : le cas de la Hongrie". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/53r60a8s3kup1vc9je5hhe4q4.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis is based on two main ideas: the institutions matter concerning the success of economic policy during the trade liberalization process and monetary policy can be seen as a key factor from that point of view. The line of argument of the thesis is based on a theoretical model of trade balance, inflation and exchange rate. The model is applied to the case of Hungary and the Hungarian experiences back the main conclusions of the model: monetary and exchange rate policy is unsustainable if it is determined without taking into consideration the trade effects. The economic history of Hungary between 1989 and 2009 gives several examples for that unsustainability. Chapter 1 describes the development of institutionalism; chapter 2 demonstrates the importance of monetary policy as an institution from the point of view of trade liberalization describes the optimal monetary policy and explains why it is difficult to follow that policy. Chapter 3 presents the relationship between exchange rate policy and trade. Chapter 4 outlines the functioning of manipulative exchange rate policies. Chapter 5 presents the model deficit-inflation. Chapter 6 presents the Hungarian experiences and underlines that monetary policy focused only on disinflation has to fail and the independence of the central bank can even represent risks to the economies in transition
Maire, Antoine. "La Mongolie, entre dépendance et politiques développementalistes, 1990-2016". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0014/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation evaluates the development policy implemented by Mongolia between 1990 and 2016. It is built around the following research question: “Between “resources curse”, sinophobia and dependency, how is the new democratic and liberal Mongolia facing the economic development challenge to preserve its independence and sovereignty and to avoid being turned “into a raw materials appendage” to China?”. Through this question, the dissertation will describe the development path followed by Mongolia after 1990. The objective is to propose a description of the new politico-economic system that has emerged, that is the specificities of its capitalism. Apart from this contribution to Mongolian studies, this dissertation will also help to understand the challenges that resource-rich countries are facing in their development process. Finally, this dissertation is proposing a new contribution to understand the reasons that led to a divergence in the economic and political transition processes followed by post-socialist countries after 1990
Martins, Alcidio. "Le mouvement migratoire des "Russophones" en Israël depuis l'implosion soviétique : un enjeu diplomatique, un nouvel acteur politique, socio-économique et culturel ?" Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0025.
Texto completo da fonteOne of the major consequences of the collapse of the communist bloc is the emigration of several million people from the former Soviet Union. Israel, with a favourable migration policy for Jewish descendants and their families, welcomes nearly one million of them. Fleeing economic stagnation, ethnic conflicts and anti-Semitism, these immigrants arrive in Israel en masse in a relatively short period of time provoking a "demographic shock". More than twenty years after the beginning of the arrival of these immigrants, this thesis provides an analysis of their integration and a critical study of the choices made by the Israeli leadership that reflect the political, economic and socio-cultural upheavals. Whether at the national or international level, the effects of such a migratory wave continues to be felt fundamentally changing the country and its relationship with other nations and its role in world politics
Villetelle, Marc. "Musiciens havanais à l'épreuve de "la période spéciale" : quotidien sous tension et rapport au politique à Cuba". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863984.
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