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Alyılmaz, Semra. "On Plurality Category and Teaching in Turkish". Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, n.º 9 (8 de agosto de 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i9.2528.
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When discussing about "plurality" of nouns in Turkish, it reminds /+lar/ affix after nouns (morpheme) and the subject is undervalued. Whereas, plurality and formation of plurality is not simple as it is thought as well as it is not made up of /+lar/ affix. It is because /+lar/ affix is only one of the linguistic elements in the morphological plurality used for making plural in Turkish.Out of /+lar/ affix, /+An+/, /+Ar+/, /+(ş)Ar+/, /+GIl+/, /+GUn+/, /+ºK+/, /+lA+/, /+ºs+/, /+ºş+/, /+ºT+/, /+ºz+/ affixes have given plurality, plus, double, group, generalization, exaggeration, respect etc. to the words they are added in the historical process of Turkish. However, a major part of affixes used in plurality by morphological ways in Turkish has lost their function of plurality etc. in the historical process and combined with the base, origin, and body of their words.The plurality in Turkish is a name of category (as it is in all world languages) and made in three ways: Morphological plurality, semantic plurality, and syntactic pluralityIn this article, information is given primarily in "generality" and "singularity" and secondarily in plurality in Turkish, ways of forming this category, and some problems in learning it.
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Molina-Rodríguez-Navas, Pedro, e Johamna Muñoz Lalinde. "Pluralism of News and Social Plurality in the Colombian Local Media". Information 12, n.º 3 (18 de março de 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12030131.
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Information on the management of local administrations and the actions of the political leaders who govern them is essential for citizens to exercise their political rights. It is therefore necessary for these administrations to provide quality information that the media can use as sources for their news stories. At the same time, these media outlets have to compare and report while taking into account the plurality of their audiences. However, in local settings, collusion exists between political power and media owners that restricts the plurality of news, favoring the dominant political interests and hiding the demands, interests and protagonism of other social actors. We study this problem in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. We analyze the information that the town halls of the main cities in the region provide to the media and how the largest print newspapers and main regional television news broadcasters report on local politics. We compare these news stories to establish whether there is a plurality of news reports. In addition, we analyze the key elements of the news items disseminated by private media outlets to establish whether they report a limited vision of reality: the topics covered, the protagonists referred to in headlines and news stories, and the sources against which the news and images are compared. The results reveal shortcomings that result in similar information between public information and private media content, thus limiting the plurality of news reports and the social protagonism of other social agents. Ultimately, this hinders quality journalism that satisfies the interests of citizens.
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Ullah, Ahsan, e Kanwal Ameen. "Examining the use of methodological pluralism in Library and Information Science empirical research produced by Pakistani authors". Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science 27, n.º 2 (30 de agosto de 2022): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjlis.vol27no2.6.
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Methodological pluralism or plurality is considered as the employment of more than one method in an inquiry. Methodological pluralism can be categorised into mixed methods and multi-method. The current study explored the use of methodological pluralism in Library and Information Science (LIS) research produced by Pakistani authors. Qualitative content analysis was used to explore latent and manifest use of methodologies in research articles authored by Pakistani published between 2001 and 2016 in national and international journals. Multiple searching strategies were used to identify the articles published in international journals. Findings show that high majority of Pakistani authors did not use the terms mixed methods and multi-method in the description of methodology. Nearly one third (30%) research articles used more than one method. The share of multi-method research (16%) is slightly higher than mixed methods research (14%). In multi-methods articles, combining of quantitative methods was less prevalent as compared to qualitative methods. Multi-method quantitative was used in only six articles. In case of multi-method qualitative design, interviews, personal communication and discussion with experts, literature review and content analysis are the most popular methods. In mixed methods research, interview and questionnaire are the most used methods. Growth in methodological pluralism is half than growth of articles with single method. Knowing and elaboration of the differentiation in mixed methods and multi-method can help in the education and use of methodological pluralism among LIS researchers. Authors should use and explore methodological plurality by treating multi-method designs as separate from mixed method designs.
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Kolodnyi, Anatolii. "Nature and manifestations of Ukrainian religious plurality". Ukrainian Religious Studies, n.º 92 (3 de janeiro de 2021): 89–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2020.92.2174.
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The article reveals the nature and manifestations of Ukrainian religious pluralism. Despite the constant interest in the topic - the plurality of religious life in Ukraine, science has not yet clarified the causes and roots of this phenomenon. The author analyzes the historical, psychological, socio-political factors that caused the religious diversity of Ukraine. The presence of many religious traditions within one ethnic and state territory promotes tolerant relations between bearers of different religious beliefs. Ukraine's religious plurality distinguishes Ukrainians from other nations. This gives grounds to consider Ukraine a unique religious phenomenon of the European level (Casanova). Religious plurality is a condition for the establishment of the principles of freedom of religion, freedom of choice.
The author derives worldview plurality and polydenominationalism in Ukraine from the history of the Ukrainian people, looking for their origins in the pre-Christian and later early Christian era. The presence of heresy in Ukraine as a generalized form of coexistence of different worldviews explains the current richness of religious traditions, their syncretization.
The article makes an intermediate conclusion that the history itself, living conditions, national character of the people formed Ukraine denominationally plural.
Based on such a historical foundation, since gaining state independence in 1991, Ukraine has been self-determined in its priorities regarding the country's spiritual / religious development. The Law “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations” adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine created a legal basis for the equal existence and development of different religions in Ukraine. The plurality of Ukrainian society is enshrined in law.
The basic principles of the plurality of religious life are confirmed by specific digital data that illustrate the richness of religious traditions in Ukraine quantitatively and qualitatively. The author provides statistics on all religions and denominations that exist in Ukraine, giving the number of communities, monasteries, schools, priests, publications and more. Detailed information seeks to form a holistic picture of the religious life of Ukraine.
The analyzed data give grounds to single out the factors that determine the religious plurality of Ukraine.
According to the author, at the beginning of the XXI century the denominational network of Ukraine has largely already formed. The mass emergence of new religious movements is unlikely. Nevertheless, Ukraine has not yet exhausted all the possibilities of religious pluralism. It can grow not only due to the emergence of some exotic, technological, syncretic religions, but also because of intra-confessional division or unity of communities.
In Ukraine, there are structures (public, scientific, state, educational, and interreligious) that cultivate interreligious tolerance, which will ensure a high level of religious freedom. However, religious pluralism in Ukraine is periodically threatened by various circumstances - internal and external, general and local, collective and personal.
In conclusion, religious pluralism is determined as a guarantor of religious freedom, the right of everyone to profess his chosen system of spiritual values.
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Srivastava, Nikhil, e Alan D. Taylor. "Tight bounds on plurality". Information Processing Letters 96, n.º 3 (novembro de 2005): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2005.06.004.
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Suryanto, Hari, Retnowati Retnowati, Lucky Wijayanti e M. Raudy Gathmyr. "plurality of Tuban Regency". Linguistics and Culture Review 6 (6 de janeiro de 2022): 56–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v6ns5.2052.
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The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates the use of all sectors in communication through online media based on using Internet networks and audio-visual technology. Gedog Tuban Batik fabric has the potential to develop the motifs and coloring of the fabric that can be done by batik artisans. Meanwhile, the impact of COVID-19 has resulted in a decline in the economic activity of artisans. To overcome this, a method of empowering the Tuban community is needed so that they can continue to produce Tuban batik. The community is equipped to express themselves through audio and visual media as well as coloring and motifs for developing Gedog batik with the citizen journalist method and applied art. This is an ethnographic research using qualitative methods. The data collection techniques were done through in-depth interviews and observations. The results of the study show that through the empowerment of local resources, the Tuban community has an alternative activity, namely batik making in order to survive during the pandemic. The residents of Tuban are agents of information in terms of how to produce, distribute, and exhibit Gedog batik through their smart phone technology.
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Luna, Karlos, e Beatriz Martín-Luengo. "The (limited) effect of emotional arousal in the regulation of accuracy in eyewitness memory". Psicológica Journal 39, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/psicolj-2018-0001.
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AbstractWitnesses encoding a crime are likely to feel negative emotions with high arousal, e.g., anxiety or fear. Negative emotions improve memory for central information and impair memory for peripheral information. In this study we explored the effects of emotional arousal and type of information in the regulation of accuracy. The regulation of accuracy allows participants to maximize accuracy, for example, by deciding on the number of alternatives in their response (the plurality option). Participants were induced with high-and low-arousal negative emotions and then shown a slideshow of a crime. Afterwards, they answered questions about central and peripheral contents of the event. Questions followed the basic plurality option procedure. First, participants selected one alternative (single answer); second, they selected three alternatives (plural answer); and, finally, they decided on reporting either the single or the plural answer. Results showed successful manipulation of arousal, and that the regulation of accuracy led to a greater increase in accuracy for peripheral than for central information, but no differences depending on the level of arousal. We also identified two factors that increased accuracy in the plurality option: the ability to discard answers with low chances of being correct and the addition of answers with higher chances of being correct. Either one, or both, can increase witness accuracy.
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Hachmeister, Nils, Katharina Weiß, Juliane Theiß e Reinhold Decker. "Balancing Plurality and Educational Essence: Higher Education Between Data-Competent Professionals and Data Self-Empowered Citizens". Data 6, n.º 2 (21 de janeiro de 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data6020010.
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Data are increasingly important in central facets of modern life: academics, professions, and society at large. Educating aspiring minds to meet highest standards in these facets is the mandate of institutions of higher education. This, naturally, includes the preparation for excelling in today’s data-driven world. In recent years, an intensive academic discussion has resulted in the distinction between two different modes of data related education: data science and data literacy education. As a large number of study programs and offers is emerging around the world, data literacy in higher education is a particular focus of this paper. These programs, despite sharing the same name, differ substantially in their educational content, i.e., a high plurality can be observed. This paper explores this plurality, comments on the role it might play and suggests ways it can be dealt with by maintaining a high degree of adaptiveness and plurality while simultaneously establishing a consistent educational “essence”. It identifies a skill set, data self-empowerment, as a potential part of this essence. Data science and literacy education are still experiencing changeability in their emergence as fields of study, while additionally being stirred up by rapid developments, bringing about a need for flexibility and dialectic.
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Jaclin, David, e Peter Wagner. "Evaluating science: Opening a debate". Social Science Information 60, n.º 1 (18 de fevereiro de 2021): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018421993021.
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This article briefly reviews the long-lasting commitment of Social Science Information to the critical analysis of orders of knowledge and the conditions for their creation to, subsequently, reflect on the current co-existence of a plurality of orders of justification across society, including the institutions of knowledge production. Furthermore, it suggests that recent social transformations have accentuated an asymmetry within this plurality, namely towards those forms of judgement that operate with quantitative measures and that are geared towards enhancing performance.
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Azmi, Muhyidin. "INTERPRETASI NURCHOLISH MADJID ATAS AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN TENTANG PLURALISME AGAMA". Tanzil: Jurnal Studi Al-Quran 5, n.º 2 (8 de abril de 2023): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20871/tjsq.v5i2.232.
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This research aims to reveal the concept of religious pluralism expressed by Nurcholish Madjid in his renewal ideas and Nurcholish Madjid's interpretation of the verses of the Qur’an about religious pluralism is like. This research is library research is research that makes books that discuss the themes studied as a source of data in research. The object to be studied in this research is Nurcholish Madjid. The results of this study indicate that religious pluralism in the idea of Nurcholish Madjid is a plurality of paths leading to one truth, namely the truth of God. This is based on his belief that the One Truth is only God, so only God cannot be more than one, while the path to God as the One Truth certainly varies, according to human ability to obtain and reason information from the procedures to God. Nurcholish Madjid, interprets religious pluralism from two contexts, namely, First, the Indonesian context and modernity. Second, the context of the meaning of the word al-Islām "an attitude of surrender to God" as a meeting point of semitic religions.
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Hummel, Patrick. "Information aggregation in multicandidate elections under plurality rule and runoff voting". Mathematical Social Sciences 62, n.º 1 (julho de 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2011.03.003.
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Zeitlin, Jennifer, Ashna Mohangoo, Alison Macfarlane, Marina Cuttini, Marie Delnord, Mika Gissler, Béatrice Blondel, Sophie Alexander e Henrique Barros. "Building a European perinatal health information system: plurality, innovation and realism". European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 171, n.º 1 (novembro de 2013): 193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.08.019.
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Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Claudia, Diana Rivera-Rogel e Luis M. Romero-Rodríguez. "Information Quality in Latin American Digital Native Media: Analysis Based on Structured Dimensions and Indicators". Media and Communication 8, n.º 2 (16 de abril de 2020): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i2.2657.
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The current communicative ecosystem has profoundly transformed journalistic work and the media, generating with great eagerness the emergence of digital native media that do not follow the logic of their conventional peers. Although the advent of these media is not entirely negative, as they create multiple voices that contribute to pluralism, their quality has undoubtedly been questioned on several academic fronts. This work analyzes the most important Latin American digital native media by number of accesses (traffic), using a taxonomy of evaluation of dimensions of the informative quality, in which aspects such as informative sources, uses of international news agencies, correction of contents and factuality levels, ideological plurality in their opinion contents, among others, are taken into consideration. Of the emerging results, the ‘use of statistical indicators’ was the least rated (32.5%), mainly due to a lack of data journalism in the media studied. It is also worth noting that the indicator ‘comments and monitoring’ obtained the second-lowest rating, indicating an absence of conversation between the media and its audience through the comments section of each content.
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Nazmudin, Nazmudin. "Kerukunan dan Toleransi Antar Umat Beragama dalam Membangun Keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI)". Journal of Government and Civil Society 1, n.º 1 (22 de fevereiro de 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v1i1.268.
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In order harmony and inter-religious tolerance can be a means to unite the nation, the plurality must be managed properly, it is necessary that an effective way of inter-religious dialogue for a wedge issue between the respective religious communities. Because of possible conflicts arising during this angtar religious communities occurs because the breakdown of the fabric of information true among adherents of one party to the other party so that the resulting negative prejudices.Keywords: In order Harmony, inter-religious tolerance, the plurality and unite the nation
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Sapozhnikova, Viktoriya Stanislavovna. "Folk themes in the gaming industry: meanings, values, diffi culties". Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), n.º 9 (30 de agosto de 2024): 569–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2409-04.
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The active appeal to ancient Russian themes in the modern information space is explained by the actualization of traditional values. On the one hand, they provide diversity and freedom of choice, but on the other hand, familiarization with this variability and the possibility of joining it form the assumption that modernity represents a “universal plurality” of meanings of values, attitudes, ethnic, social and other affi liations. Awareness of the variability of the world and acceptance of “ubiquitous plurality” with its diversity of meanings and values is a psychologically complex process. In addition, all these communities are united not only by one information space, but also by being in a common present, i.e. in this historical period, which is characterized by exceptional dynamics.
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Lu, Yuan Zhang, e Bing Zhang. "Based on Data Fusion Intelligent Traffic Information Analysis and Optimization". Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (junho de 2014): 831–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.831.
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In this paper, we propose an analysis refine scheme based on data fusion towards some existing problems in data analysis of intelligent transportation systems .This method constructed the data into a plurality of time-series according to the characteristics of each attribute data. Providing an objective scientific basis for dynamic traffic management through intelligent analysis of traffic information based on the gray advantage analysis among data and system model of Intelligent Traffic Information decision support and auxiliary decision analysis.
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Ma’mun, Sukron. "Pluralisme Agama dan Toleransi dalam Islam Perspektif Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi". Humaniora 4, n.º 2 (31 de outubro de 2013): 1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v4i2.3565.
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Religious pluralism is a phenomenon that cannot be avoided. If religious pluralism is not rightly understood by religious believers, pluralism will lead to interreligious conflict. This paper would like to reveal the thoughts of Yusuf al-Qaradawi about religious pluralism and tolerance in Islam. The purposes of writing this paper are exploring the concept of religious pluralism and tolerance, describing the biography of Yusuf al-Qaradawi and his influences in Islamic studies, and describing the thoughts of Yusuf al-Qaradawi about religious pluralism and tolerance in Islam. In paper the author uses descriptive-analytical method. The procedures are data collection, classification of data, data analysis, and drawing conclusions. Source of the data was gained from information available in the literatures. The data analysis was done by using content analysis method (content analysis), which is an attempt to explore the symbolic meaning of the message or the contents of a book or other writings products. Result showed that pluralism in Islam is based on the fact that God has created man in the diversity and plurality. For that to avoid disaster or human conflict, it is necessary tolerance values. Qur'an, Sunnah, and behavior as scholars have become reasons to appreciate the difference.
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Wang, Min, Hong Xie, Wei Gao e Nan Sun. "Design and Implementation of Multimodal SNS Information Integration System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (janeiro de 2015): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.851.
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With the popularity of the network and mobile Internet, numerous social network platforms appeared in the world. Also, there have been a large number of users using a plurality of social network platforms at the same time. When these users use multiple social network platforms, they need to overcome many difficulties such as switching social network client applications frequently and so on. This article takes consideration of the needs of the multiple social networks’ users, proposing a solution to solve multi-barrier problem, and demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the method by actual cases.
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Sultanov, Murodjon, Gayrat Ishankhodjayev, Rano Parpiyeva e Nafisa Norboyeva. "Creation of intelligent information decision support systems". E3S Web of Conferences 365 (2023): 04031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336504031.
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The use of intelligent information decision support systems implies considering the problem area's specifics. The object of study is characterized by the following set of features: - quality and efficiency of decision-making; - vagueness of goals and institutional boundaries; - the plurality of subjects involved in solving the problem; - randomness; - a plurality of mutually influencing factors; - weak formalizability, uniqueness of situations; - latency, concealment, the implicitness of information. For the efficient and reliable functioning of agricultural facilities and enterprises, it is necessary to create and implement intelligent information systems. Over the past quarter of a century, domestic information systems have undergone a progressive evolution, both in terms of developing the theoretical principles of their construction and implementing these systems. The restructuring of agriculture, the market conditions for the functioning of objects, and agriculture enterprises have their characteristics and problems. Building the structure of intelligent decision support information systems is primarily associated with building a system model, in which both traditional elements of the control system and knowledge processing models should be defined. To solve these problems, methods of system analysis were used. The key research method is the optimization of data representation structures of databases and knowledge. The following relational data representation structures have been identified: relations, attributes, and values. In the relational model, structures are not specially allocated to represent data about entity relationships. Semantic networks use a three-level representation of data on entities and a four-level representation of data on entity relationships. The conducted studies have shown that in data representation structures, entity-relationship models are a generalization and development of the structures of all traditional data models since only in this data model there are 4-level data representations of both entities and relationships. All other traditional models are some special cases of the most general entity-relationship model.
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Knoll, P. M., e W. H. König. "Advanced Integrated Driver Information Systems". Measurement and Control 25, n.º 9 (novembro de 1992): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029409202500903.
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Future driver information systems will consist of a plurality of information components containing the classic instrumentation like instrument cluster, radio and trip computers, but also new components like car telephones, navigation systems and even TV. This development leads firstly to a new kind of instrument cluster design and secondly to a rather high resolution graphical display, located in the central console region. To best use the display capabilities for all functions and to have an extendable system, the components will be connected by a multiplex wiring system. In order to reduce driver distraction, secondary information from the new components will be displayed near to the primary field of vision of the driver either in the instrument cluster and/or with a head-up display. This paper also focuses on the ergonomic demands of such a system and offers some practical solutions.
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Zhou, Yongquan, e Hongqing Zheng. "A Novel Complex Valued Cuckoo Search Algorithm". Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/597803.
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To expand the information of nest individuals, the idea of complex-valued encoding is used in cuckoo search (PCS); the gene of individuals is denoted by plurality, so a diploid swarm is structured by a sequence plurality. The value of independent variables for objective function is determined by modules, and a sign of them is determined by angles. The position of nest is divided into two parts, namely, real part gene and imaginary gene. The updating relation of complex-valued swarm is presented. Six typical functions are tested. The results are compared with cuckoo search based on real-valued encoding; the usefulness of the proposed algorithm is verified.
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van Ryneveld Grove, Helen. "Individualisation in the Multicultural Teaching-Learning Situation". Gifted Education International 9, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1993): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142949300900113.
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This article aims to indicate that an individualised approach is imperative for the successful teaching of multicultural pupil populations. The cultural plurality displayed by the South African population is first dealt with, whereafter the educational needs which evolve from the cultural plurality are identified. The process of educational change is described in terms of Kuhn's idea of the structure of scientific revolutions as it pertains to the South African situation. Appropriate instructional measures for meeting evolving educational needs are suggested. These measures are largely based on Lynch's model of instructional strategies which illustrates the process of matching curriculum and pupil information with a view to achieving equity in educational provision.
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Гулов, V. Gulov, Хвостов, Viktor Khvostov, Чесноков e P. Chesnokov. "A detailed algorithm of a plurality of implementations of information security threats in the medical information system". Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 9, n.º 2 (6 de julho de 2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11910.
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The article presents a detailed algorithm for implementing information security threats to information resources health information systems used in the processing of personal data. The proposed algorithm is developed in relation to the problems of justification of requirements to information security, contains verbal and statistical description of the basic stages of realization of threats. The algorithm is based on the results of statistical processing of experimental records the digital stream to the standard conditions using specialized software analysis tools. The authors offer a list of registered signs for recognition of threats to information security in the digital stream. The technique of the experimental analysis of statistical characteristics of realizations of information safety threats consists of following stages: recording the digital data stream segment local area network that implements information security representative for a period of time, recognition of the types of implementations of information security threats on the grounds of IP packets. The detailed algorithm is designed to develop a predictive "picture of state of nature, which is source data of the normalization procedure of requirements for information security methods of decision making. To formalize multivariate nature of the implementations of information security threats, the authors propose a method of constructing formal models using logical attack trees with the assignment of the arcs of the tree of the numerical coefficients that have a temporal meaning.
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Guenther, Lars, Georg Ruhrmann, Jenny Bischoff, Tessa Penzel e Antonia Weber. "Strategic Framing and Social Media Engagement: Analyzing Memes Posted by the German Identitarian Movement on Facebook". Social Media + Society 6, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2020): 205630511989877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305119898777.
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While officially classified as a right-wing movement, the German Identitarian Movement (GIM) claims to be neither left nor right wing but rather identitarian. The social movement stands for what they call “ethno-pluralism,” communicated online without intermediate gatekeepers, in supposedly socially acceptable messages. Without a clear classification to a political wing, some Internet users encountering information created by the GIM could have difficulties assessing what this movement really stands for and what identitarian means. That is why this study examined strategic frames in a full sample of memes ( N = 511) posted by the movement on their Facebook page, because memes (here: image macros) have been the GIM’s main form of communication on Facebook. This study identified six strategic frames that represent a plurality of different social issues; some of them call for immediate action. Hence, the movement’s strategic framing goes far beyond emphasizing “ethno-pluralism.” The findings elucidate the overall communication strategies of the movement and show that the frames represent characteristics and semantics of the New Right. These frames also triggered different levels of social media engagement.
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Romanova, Tatiana A., Nikolay I. Sokolov e Yury Y. Kolotaev. "Disinformation (fake news, propaganda) as a threat to resilience: approaches used in the EU and its member state Lithuania". Baltic Region 12, n.º 1 (2020): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-1-4.
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This study analyses EU and Lithuanian documents on countering disinformation/fake news to present the plurality of the Union’s approaches to ensuring resilience. Currently, there are three approaches to the problem in the EU. The first one, used by the European Commission, is the recognition of citizens’ right to information as well as of the need to promote critical thinking and information literacy. This approach fits into the adaptive paradigm of action in the information space and the concept of autopoietic resilience. The second approach, taken by the European External Action Service, is to expose fake news and the media spreading it. In combining adaptive and paternalistic paradigms of action in the information space, this approach employs a more static interpretation of resilience. Lithuania has adopted a third approach, which is dominated by the paternalistic paradigm and homeostatic resilience. This approach consists of the state isolating citizens from certain information. Thus, the popular use of the term ‘resilience’ in the EU disguises the plurality of approaches to both disinformation and resilience itself. Theoretically, this study draws on the concept of resilience and paradigms for countering disinformation/fake news. Methodologically, it relies on critical discourse analysis. The article suggests several possible causes of intra-EU differences in countering disinformation/fake news/propaganda and interpreting resilience
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Kaya, Ibrahim. "Modernity, Openness, Interpretation: A Perspective on Multiple Modernities". Social Science Information 43, n.º 1 (março de 2004): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/05390184040685.
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This article aims to inspire an analysis of modernity that would provide a starting point for conceptualizing multiple modernities. First, I argue that conceptualizing modernity as an open-ended horizon engenders spaces to interpret modernity in multiple ways. A view of modernity is thus developed that questions totalizing and Eurocentric theories of modernity. Then the current state of the plurality and diversity of identities and practices is emphasized as the consequence of the openness of modernity to interpretation. In this respect, it is insisted that the different features of non-western cultures should be seen as the indication for the existence of multiple modernities. Finally, for a sociology of multiple modernities, four basic themes are outlined that need to be worked on: plurality of civilizations, histories, modernizing agents and the projects of modernity.
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Molina Rodríguez-Navas, Pedro, Narcisa Medranda Morales e Johamna Muñoz Lalinde. "Transparency for Participation through the Communication Approach". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, n.º 9 (1 de setembro de 2021): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10090586.
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Transparency is a communicative process whose aim is to provide citizens with information that will promote their participation in public affairs. However, its application is often reduced to a legally stipulated administrative act. In contrast, this article sets out the principles, attributes and evidence of transparency from a communication perspective, taking into consideration that transparency is treated as a process through which recipients obtain, understand and use information. This study focuses on the transparency of local town councils, although most of the concepts could be applied at other levels of public administration. To establish this framework, the legislation and application of transparency in three countries (Spain, Ecuador and Colombia) was studied using the Infoparticipa method designed with a communication approach in mind. A comparative study was then carried out using methods designed in other disciplines. Through this approach, the benefits of transparency were categorized to define six principles—disclosure, strengthening, visibility, comprehensibility, dissemination and humanism—and eight attributes of transparent information: veracity, timeliness, accessibility, usability, intelligibility, universality, pluralism and plurality. For each attribute, the evidence of its application was determined. This framework clarifies the perspective of transparency for participation from a communication approach.
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Budirahayu, Tuti, Marhaeni M. Wijayanti e Katon Baskoro. "Understanding the multiculturalism values through social media among Indonesian youths". Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 31, n.º 4 (28 de dezembro de 2018): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v31i42018.427-439.
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The diversity of Indonesian people can be a problem when they do not have a sense of brotherhood based on the diversity of religion, culture, language and ethnic groups. Understanding diversity is known by young people through various media outlets. This study aims to understand the level of the knowledge of youths concerning the values of pluralism and multiculturalism. This study also intends to find out whether social media influence the knowledge and their understanding of pluralism and multiculturalism. However, the demographic bonus could be a burden for the countries involved, particularly when the generation lacks competitiveness. This can even cause the disintegration of this nation. This study was a quantitative research study conducted using the survey method. The respondents consisted of 400 young people in high school or the equivalent. The study was conducted in three cities in East Java, namely Surabaya, Pasuruan, and Kediri. The samples were taken using the multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The data was obtained through structured questionnaires and processed using SPPS for Windows 16. The results can be explained as follows; even though more than fifty percent of the youths in this study claimed to have never heard or known of the term “pluralism” and “multiculturalism”, their level of comprehension of pluralism and multiculturalism values was good enough. This was influenced by the information that they got through social media. The values that are understood more by the youths through social media in this study tend to be more orientated to pluralism values than multiculturalism. The most understood pluralism values are plurality and diversity. This is in line with their assessment of the role and quality of the information available on social media, which tends to contain pluralism values rather than multiculturalism values.
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Raymond, Christopher D., e Mathias Wessel Tromborg. "What’s information got to do with it? Third-party voting in plurality systems". Party Politics 22, n.º 4 (29 de setembro de 2014): 534–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068814551295.
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Kaul, Mala, Veda C. Storey e Carson Woo. "A Framework for Managing Complexity in Information Systems". Journal of Database Management 28, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2017): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2017010103.
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A particularly difficult, but important, challenge in the design and development of contemporary information systems is dealing with complexity. Although complexity has been richly discussed from various perspectives in the literature, there is limited guidance on how to address complexity in information systems design. This research analyzes different approaches to handling complexity and finds that there exists a plurality of ways in which to address complexity that are dependent upon the given situation. This analysis results in the derivation of a framework for addressing complexity in information systems. The framework explicitly recognizes implications and limitations of decomposition, inner-outer environments, abstractions, and decentralization, and the role of Ontology. Application of the framework is intended to enable information researchers to identify and adapt applicable strategies for managing complexity in any domain.
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Pereira de Moraes, Carlos Alexandre, Leonardo Bezerra Pimentel e Iasmim Esteves Lattanzi. "Organizational skills development: the context of information technologies". Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 15, n.º 1 (26 de janeiro de 2018): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2018.v15.n1.a13.
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The objective is to discuss the notions of Cyberculture in institutional teaching-learning practices articulated to other important contemporary concepts, coming from the great area of sociology, with a view to positioning the guiding questions of social engagement in teaching-learning practices. In this way, it aims to support in this approach the pertinent perspective of social engagement associated with the plurality of the different socioeconomic contexts in which formal education is carried out. In this sense, the political and economic context that constitutes the teaching practice in the undergraduate courses of the Brazilian universities and their unfolding in the teaching practices is emphasized. In this sense, the political and economic contexts that constitute the teaching practice in the undergraduate courses of the Brazilian universities and their unfolding in the teaching practices is emphasized.
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Andrieieva, Olha, Oksana Zaporozhets e Nataliia Bielousova. "UKRAINE IN INTERNATIONAL INDEXES OF INFORMATION SOCIETY DEVELOPMENT". Actual Problems of International Relations, n.º 155 (2023): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2023.155.1.24-31.
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The article studies the main ranks and indexes of information society development in Ukraine. Program documents, adopted during The World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), became the basis for determining key components of information society: Information and communication infrastructure, capacity building, access to public domain information, security in the use of ICT, ICT applications, independence and plurality of media, research and innovations. For each component, several international indices were selected and Ukraine's position in these rankings was analyzed. Normalized indicators of ranking values of Ukraine were presented in the diagram, where Ukraine has the best position in the EU Open Data Maturity Report (ODM), and the worst result - Press Freedom Index (PFI). However, the overall score of more than 0.5 indicates a significant success of Ukraine on the way to information society.
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ZHAROVA, A. K., e V. V. ELINA. "PLURALITY OF THE CONCEPT OF “SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE INFORMATION SPHERE”". LEGAL ORDER: History, Theory, Practice 43, n.º 4 (28 de dezembro de 2024): 51–55. https://doi.org/10.47475/2311-696x-2024-43-4-51-55.
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Exploring the problem of ensuring the sovereignty of the Russian Federation in the information sphere, we come across concepts such as technological sovereignty, digital sovereignty, and information sovereignty. In this case, the logical question is how these concepts relate, and what role is assigned to them in ensuring the sovereignty of the state in the information sphere? The article shows the relationship between the concepts of “technological sovereignty” and “information sovereignty”, on the basis of which it is concluded that technological sovereignty is a subsystem of the information sovereignty system. Comparing the definition of “digital sovereignty” and the definition of “information sovereignty”, the authors concluded that their semantic content allows them to be equated. The reason for such terminological ambiguity of the concept of sovereignty in the information sphere was information globalization.
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Родина, А. В. "ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ СЛЕДСТВИЯ КВАНТОВОЙ ТЕОРИИ ИНФОРМАЦИИ К.Ф. ФОН ВАЙЦЗЕККЕРА". Гуманитарные исследования в Восточной Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке 54, n.º 4 (2020): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/1997-2857/2020-4/120-124.
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Статья посвящена философским следствиям квантовой теории информации К.Ф. фон Вайцзеккера и нацелена на выявление смыслового содержания понятия «первоальтернатива», а также анализ соотношения материи, формы и информации в концепции исследователя. Автор приходит к выводу, что информация является числовой мерой субстанции или мерой множественности форм, форма служит основанием материи, а ур-альтернативы – исходным материалом для реконструкции объекта. Ключевые слова: квантовая теория информации, философия физики, К.Ф. фон Вайцзеккер, ур-альтернатива, кубит The article deals with the philosophical consequences of K.F. von Weizsäcker’s quantum theory of information. It is aimed at identifying the semantic content of the concept of «original alternative», as well as analyzing the relationship of matter, form and information in the concept of the researcher. The author comes to the conclusion that information is a numerical measure of a substance or a measure of a plurality of forms, a form serves as the basis of matter, and original alternatives are the initial material for the reconstruction of an object. Keywords: quantum theory of information, philosophy of physics, K.F. von Weizsäcker, original alternative, qubit
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Madnasir, Madnasir, Fathul Mu’in e Mohammad Fikri Nugraha Kholid. "RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE AS A DA'WAH MOVEMENT PLURALIST SOCIETY IN INDONESIA". Nizham Journal of Islamic Studies 9, n.º 01 (24 de junho de 2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/nizham.v9i01.3415.
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Indonesian Muslims are faced with the emergence of a small number of intolerant, exclusive, rigid Islamic groups and other groups that easily express hostility and carry out conflicts. On the other hand, Muslims are also faced with the emergence of an Islamic community that tends to be liberal and permissive. The two groups are classified as the extreme right (tatorruf yamini) and the extreme left (tatorruf yasari), which are against the ideal form of implementing Islamic teachings in Indonesia and even the world. In fact, Islam has very clearly taught about tolerance in religion, especially since Indonesia is a pluralist country that adheres to many religions. This study uses qualitative method. While the data collection is using literature study information. This research obtained several important findings that da'wah is an obligation that every Muslim should carry and convey in wise and wise ways. In the implementation of da'wah in a pluralist society, the method of da'wah bi al-hikmah must be put forward. The diversity or plurality of human life in various ways is sunnatullah. Living in a pluralistic society will exist if everyone understands each other, respects each other, and accepts each other.
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Eisenberg, Avigail I. "Individual development and Anglo-American pluralism". Social Science Information 35, n.º 2 (junho de 1996): 363–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/053901896035002011.
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Political pluralism is often portrayed as a theory about interest-group competition, which was developed primarily by post-war American political scientists. This conventional view is mistaken. This analysis examines the ways in which advocates of political pluralism have handled the theme of individual development. In the first part, a distinction is drawn between two dimensions of group power. In the second part, this distinction is used to examine how four different pluralists conceive the relation between self-development and pluralist politics. The first three theorists, John Dewey, Harold Laski and Mary Parker Follett, are scholars whose contributions to the pluralist tradition rarely figure accurately in contemporary accounts of the doctrine. The fourth pluralist, Robert Dahl, offers a more familiar rendition. Even Dahl's theory contains insights that help to establish a pluralist account of self-development. The concluding section considers briefly some lessons relevant to contemporary debates that might be drawn from pluralism's account of self-development.
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Suparta, Suparta. "Strategi Pendidikan Toleransi Beragama dan Implikasinya terhadap Keutuhan NKRI di Bangka Belitung". Edugama: Jurnal Kependidikan dan Sosial Keagamaan 6, n.º 1 (31 de julho de 2020): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32923/edugama.v6i1.1749.
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This article aims to review and describe the strategy of religious tolerance education and its impact on the integrity of the Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) in Bangka Belitung. In the Bangka Belitung Islands, the life of the people is very heterogeneous and has a high level of plurality. There are many portraits of the diversity of ethnicities, cultures, religions, ethnicities and languages that are integrated into the social dynamics of the people in Bangka Belitung. Of course, this plurality has the potential to cause horizontal conflict in society. Therefore, to study and examine in depth this reality an in-depth interview technique is used to obtain clear information about the principles of religious tolerance from the perspective of Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Confucianism. As a result, there are three educational strategies that can be developed by religious communities in Bangka Belitung; first, the strategy of educating the internal religious community; second, the strategy of educating people to maintain harmony between fellow religious communities; and third, the strategy of educating people to maintain harmony with the government.
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengulas dan memaparkan strategi pendidikan toleransi beragama dan dampaknya terhadap keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) di Bangka Belitung. Di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung kehidupan masyarakatnya sangat heterogen dan memiliki tingkat pluralitas yang tinggi. Ada banyak potret keragaman suku, budaya, agama, etnis, dan bahasa yang menyatu dalam dinamika sosial masyarakat di Bangka Belitung. Tentu, pluralitas tersebut berpotensi menimbulkan konflik horizontal di tengah masyarakat. Oleh karena itu untuk mengkaji dan menelaah secara mendalam realitas tersebut digunakan teknik wawancara mendalam untuk mendapatkan informasi yang jelas mengenai prinsip toleransi beragama dalam perspektif agama Islam, Kristen, Budha, Hindu, dan Konghucu. Hasilnya, ada tiga strategi pendidikan yang dapat dikembangkan oleh umat beragama yang ada di Bangka Belitung; pertama, strategi mendidik dalam internal umat beragama; kedua, strategi mendidik umat untuk menjaga kerukunan antara sesama umat beragama; dan ketiga, strategi mendidik umat untuk menjaga kerukuan dengan pemerintah.
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Patendeng, Julian Eliezer. "Pandangan Hospitalitas Kristen Terhadap Korban Bencana Alam". Melo: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama 2, n.º 1 (30 de junho de 2022): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34307/mjsaa.v2i1.19.
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The author through this paper, describes the Christian Hospitality’s view of the victims of natural disasters. It is a behavior that manifests a spirit of family and friendship, so that it is one’s responsibility toward another, as it is an interaction of friendship. Using the quantitative approach of literature of library study with data collection directed to the search of documents and information through books, journals, articles and websites, and apply descriptive methods of interpretative that produce three main points: First, the plurality of societies the experience natural disaster; Second, in the plurality of these disaster victims, Christian hospitality goes to victims of natural disasters; Third, this hospitality can be realized in love for everyone without looking at their identity, “love” can be realized in the service of deacon, prayer and pastoral or psychic mentoring of victims of natural disasters.
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Weber, Karsten. "The plurality of moral challenges in information societies and the need for systematic thinking". International Review of Information Ethics 3 (1 de junho de 2005): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie353.
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This paper shall give a review of some recently published and some older books, which were published as second or third edition, on Information Ethics and Internet related topics: - Brennan, Linda L. & Victoria E. Johnson (eds.): Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Information Technology. Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing, 2004. – 304 pages, paperback, $59.95 - Capurro, Rafael: Ethik im Netz. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 2003. 278 pages, paperback, €26.00 - Cavalier, Robert J. (ed.): The impact of the Internet on our moral lives. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2005. – 249 pages, paperback, $26.95 - Johnson, Deborah G.: Computer Ethics. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, third edition, 2001. – 240 pages, paperback, $40.67 - Kuhlen, Rainer: Informationsethik. Umgang mit Wissen und Informationen in elektronischen Räumen. Konstanz: UVK (UTB), 2004. – 444 pages, paperback, €24.95 - Nyíri, Kristóf: Vernetztes Wissen. Philosophie im Zeitalter des Internets. Wien: Passagen Verlag, 2004. – 179 pages, paperback, €19.95 - Spinello, Richard A.: Case Studies in Information Technology Ethics. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, second edition, 2003. – 252 pages, paperback, $54.67 - Spinello, Richard A. & Herman T. Tavani (eds.): Readings in Cyberethics. Sudbury, NJ: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, second edition, 2004. – 697 pages, paperback, $54.95 - Tavani, Herman T.: Ethics & Technology. Ethical Issues in an Age of Information and Communication Technology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2004. 344 pages, paperback, $53.95
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Wei, Dongmei, e Weidong Zhou. "Face Recognition Using Plurality Voting and Collaborative Representation based on the Bit-plane Information". International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition 8, n.º 4 (30 de abril de 2015): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijsip.2015.8.4.15.
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Mironov, V. V., e K. V. Mironov. "Conceptual and ontological aspects of the plurality of ancestors in "entity-relationship" information models". Ontology of designing 14, n.º 4 (7 de novembro de 2024): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2223-9537-2024-14-4-493-503.
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The design of information models in the development of automated systems involves constructing entity-relationship models, which define classes of entities and interclass relationships of the ancestor-descendant type, serving as a conceptual and ontological foundation for the subsequent creation of databases. This article explores aspects of representing the semantic constraints of the subject area imposed on relationships between entities in entity-relationship models. A special type of relationship between classes of entities, termed multiple ancestor (MA) relations, is highlighted, where several instances of the ancestor entity may exist for a single instance of the descendant entity. The article analyses the possible semantic constraints that arise in such cases and the anomalies they generate. Based on the introduced concepts of ascending kinship lines and the MA predicate, a formalisation of MA integrity is presented. Examples of formal MA constraints are provided, including positive (requiring the coincidence of ancestor instances), negative (requiring the mismatch of ancestor instances), and mixed. The mutual influence of several MA constraints with partially intersecting lines of ascending kinship is also examined. Finally, the feasibility of implementing MA constraints in relational database models is evaluated.
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Tang, Bor Luen. "Letter to the editor: On plurality and authorship in science". Accountability in Research 25, n.º 4 (5 de abril de 2018): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2018.1457959.
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Rozenas, Arturas, e Anoop Sadanandan. "Literacy, Information, and Party System Fragmentation in India". Comparative Political Studies 51, n.º 5 (15 de junho de 2017): 555–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414017710262.
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A rich theoretical literature argues that, in contradiction to Duverger’s law, the plurality voting rule can fail to produce two-party system when voters do not share their common information about the electoral situation. We present an empirical operationalization and a series of tests of this informational hypothesis in the case of India using constituency- and individual-level data. In highly illiterate constituencies where access to information and information sharing among voters is low, voters often fail to coordinate on the two most viable parties. In highly literate constituencies, voters are far more successful at avoiding vote-wasting—in line with the informational hypothesis. At a microlevel, these aggregate-level patterns are driven by the interaction of individual information and the informational context: In dense informational environments, even low-information voters can successfully identify viable parties and vote for them, but in sparse informational environments, individual access to information is essential for successful strategic voting.
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Rozenas, Arturas, e Sean M. Zeigler. "From ballot-boxes to barracks: Votes, institutions, and post-election coups". Journal of Peace Research 56, n.º 2 (31 de julho de 2018): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343318779423.
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The military often intervenes in politics shortly after elections. This might be because election results reveal information about the ease with which a coup can succeed. Would-be coup perpetrators use this information to infer whether the incumbent can be removed from office without provoking popular unrest. We argue that the informational content of elections depends on the electoral rules that translate votes into outcomes. In electoral systems that incentivize strategic voting, election returns are less informative about the distribution of political support than in electoral systems that incentivize sincere voting. An extensive battery of statistical tests shows that vote-shares of election winners do not predict coup attempts in plurality systems, which encourage strategic voting, but they do predict coup attempts in non-plurality electoral systems, which do not encourage strategic voting. Thus, incumbents who have performed well in elections face a lower risk of coup attempts, but only in institutional environments where voting results are highly informative about the distribution of political support. We apply this logic to illuminate the decisions of the military to intervene into politics during the famous failed 1936 coup in Spain and the successful 1973 coup in Chile.
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Castiglioni, Matteo, Andrea Celli e Nicola Gatti. "Persuading Voters: It's Easy to Whisper, It's Hard to Speak Loud". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 02 (3 de abril de 2020): 1870–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5555.
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We focus on the following natural question: is it possible to influence the outcome of a voting process through the strategic provision of information to voters who update their beliefs rationally? We investigate whether it is computationally tractable to design a signaling scheme maximizing the probability with which the sender's preferred candidate is elected. We resort to the model recently introduced by Arieli and Babichenko (2019) (i.e., without inter-agent externalities), and focus on, as illustrative examples, k-voting rules and plurality voting. There is a sharp contrast between the case in which private signals are allowed and the more restrictive setting in which only public signals are allowed. In the former, we show that an optimal signaling scheme can be computed efficiently both under a k-voting rule and plurality voting. In establishing these results, we provide two contributions applicable to general settings beyond voting. Specifically, we extend a well-known result by Dughmi and Xu (2017) to more general settings and prove that, when the sender's utility function is anonymous, computing an optimal signaling scheme is fixed-parameter tractable in the number of receivers' actions. In the public signaling case, we show that the sender's optimal expected return cannot be approximated to within any factor under a k-voting rule. This negative result easily extends to plurality voting and problems where utility functions are anonymous.
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Wu, Chuan Sheng. "A Radio Link Logical Relationship between and One Network Apparatus". Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (julho de 2014): 4249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.4249.
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MAC layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer and a broadcast and multicast control (BMC) layer exist in a second layer. The MAC layer maps various logical channels to various transport channels and performs logical channel multiplexing to map a plurality of logical channels to one transport channel.The MAC layer is connected to the RLC layer, which is a higher layer, through a logical channel. The logical channel is divided into a control channel for transmitting information on a control plane and a traffic channel for transmitting information on a user plane, according to the kind of transmitted information.
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Cook, Angela. "Constraints on the use of the plural morpheme men in spoken Mandarin". Lingua sinica 5, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2019): 30–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linguasinica-2020-0002.
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Abstract This study returns to the oft-debated question of grammatical number and plurality in Modern Standard Chinese and attempts to shed new light on the constraints operating on the plural marker men by analysing its use in a corpus of half a million characters of spoken data. Data from the present research indicate that the plural morpheme men is less sensitive than previously assumed to a number of constraints outlined in the standard literature, including structural constraints involving NPs with quantifiers and explicit number expressions. At the same time, it is also more sensitive to a range of other factors that have hitherto been largely overlooked, including parallelism, the length of NP modifiers and lexical diffusion. The findings also suggest that the morpheme men is not used only to indicate plurality and collectivity but may have a number of other roles as well, such as functioning like a diminutive suffix and contributing to the organization of discourse and information structure.
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Goertz, Johanna M. M. "A Condorcet Jury Theorem for Large Poisson Elections with Multiple Alternatives". Games 11, n.º 1 (23 de dezembro de 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g11010002.
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Herein, we prove a Condorcet jury theorem (CJT) for large elections with multiple alternatives. Voters have common interests that depend on an unknown state of nature. Each voter receives an imprecise private signal about the state of nature and then submits one vote (simple plurality rule). We also assume that this is a Poisson voting game with population uncertainty. The question is whether the simple plurality rule aggregates information efficiently so that the correct alternative is elected with probability tending to one when the number of voters tends to infinity. The previous literature shows that the CJT holds for large elections with two alternatives, but there is also an example of a large election with three alternatives that has an inefficient equilibrium. We show that there always exists an efficient equilibrium, independent of the number of alternatives. Under certain circumstances (informative types), it is unique in elections with two alternatives. The existence of inefficient equilibria in elections with more than two alternatives is generic.
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Villaverde, Mónica, David Aledo, David Pérez e Félix Moreno. "On the adaptability of ensemble methods for distributed classification systems: A comparative analysis". International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, n.º 7 (julho de 2019): 155014771986550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719865505.
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In this work, a two-stage architecture is used to analyze the information collected from several sensors. The first stage makes classifications from partial information of the entire target (i.e. from different points of view or from different kind of measures) using a simple artificial neural network as a classifier. In addition, the second stage aggregates all the estimations given by the ensemble in order to obtain the final classification. Four different ensembles methods are compared in the second stage: artificial neural network, plurality majority, basic weighted majority, and stochastic weighted majority. However, not only reliability is an important factor but also adaptation is critical when the ensemble is working in changing environments. Therefore, the artificial neural network and the plurality majority algorithm are compared against our two proposed adaptive algorithms. Unlike artificial neural network, majority methods do not require previous training. The effects of improving the first stage and how the system behaves when different perturbations are presented have been measured. Results have been obtained from two applications: a realistic one and another simpler one, with more training examples for a more accurate comparison. These results show that artificial neural network is the most accurate proposal, whereas the most innovative proposed stochastic weighted voting is the most adaptive one.
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Damiani, Concetta. "Archival description and conceptual transversality". JLIS.it 13, n.º 3 (15 de setembro de 2022): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/jlis.it-485.
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Archival description has become more and more clearly characterized in terms of transversality, as the process of assembling the representations of different information entities; these different components contribute to defining the return of an objective. To this “internal” transversality is then added the question posed by the growing need for multidimensionality functional to the technological system, in an increase which feeds reflections on normalization and the need for contextual plurality