Bibliografias temáticas / Plant species composition

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Plant species composition"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 9 de fevereiro de 2022

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Plant species composition"

1

Markert, B., e R. Jayasekera. "Elemental composition of different plant species". Journal of Plant Nutrition 10, n.º 7 (maio de 1987): 783–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904168709363609.

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Luna, Belén, Beatriz Pérez, Alberto Cruz, Federico Fernández-González e José Manuel Moreno. "Fire homogeneizes plant species traits composition". Forest Ecology and Management 234 (novembro de 2006): S199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.08.318.

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Cochran, Alyssa T., Jemma Bauer, Jessica L. Metcalf, Petra Lovecka, Martina Sura de Jong, Sven Warris, Paul J. W. Mooijman, Ingrid van der Meer, Rob Knight e Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits. "Plant Selenium Hyperaccumulation Affects Rhizosphere: Enhanced Species Richness and Altered Species Composition". Phytobiomes Journal 2, n.º 2 (janeiro de 2018): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pbiomes-12-17-0051-r.

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Little is known about the microbiomes associated with plants with unusual properties, including plants that hyperaccumulate toxic elements such as selenium (Se). Se hyperaccumulators contain up to 1.5% of their dry weight in Se, concentrations shown to affect ecological interactions with herbivores, fungal pathogens and neighboring plants. Hyperaccumulators also enrich their surrounding soil with Se, which may alter the rhizobiome. To investigate whether plant Se affects rhizobacterial diversity and composition, we used a combination of culture-independent and culture-based approaches. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons using the Illumina platform revealed that the rhizosphere microbiomes of Se hyperaccumulators were significantly different from nonaccumulators from the same site, with a higher average relative abundance of Pedobacter and Deviosa. Additionally, hyperaccumulators harbored a higher rhizobacterial species richness when compared with nonaccumulators from the same family on the same site. Independent from Se present at the site or in the host plant, the bacterial isolates were extremely resistant to selenate and selenite (up to 200 mM) and could reduce selenite to elemental Se. In conclusion, Se hyperaccumulation does not appear to negatively affect rhizobacterial diversity, and may select for certain taxa in the rhizosphere microbiome. Additionally, Se resistance in hyperaccumulator-associated bacteria and archaea may be widespread and not under selection by the host plant.
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Hoeksema, Jason D. "Plant–plant interactions vary with different mycorrhizal fungus species". Biology Letters 1, n.º 4 (31 de agosto de 2005): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0381.

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Because different species of mycorrhizal fungi have different effects on the growth of particular plant species, variation in mycorrhizal fungus species composition could cause changes in the strength of plant–plant interactions. Results are presented from a growth chamber experiment that compared the strength of interactions among seedlings of ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa ) when the pines were colonized by two different groups of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the genus Rhizopogon . Plant density effects differed between the two groups of mycorrhizal fungi: plant growth was low regardless of density when plants were colonized with pine-specific Rhizopogon species, while plant growth declined with plant density when plants were colonized by Rhizopogon species having a broader host range. This result parallels results from previous studies showing that plant interactions are more antagonistic with mycorrhizal fungi than without, implying that plant responsiveness to beneficial mycorrhizal fungi declines with increasing plant density. If such effects are prevalent in plant communities, then variation in mycorrhizal fungus community composition is predicted to have a density-dependent effect on plants.
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Javad Eshaghi, Rad, Valadi Gelare, Salehzadeh Osman e Maroofi Hosein. "Effects of anthropogenic disturbance on plant composition, plant diversity and soil properties in oak forests, Iran". Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 8 (10 de setembro de 2018): 358–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/13/2018-jfs.

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Three sites including “less disturbed”, “moderately disturbed” and “severely disturbed” were selected in Zagros forests in Kurdistan province (Iran). Three forest stands with similar physiographic conditions of each site were selected and three 400 m2 plots were assessed in each stand to record the floristic information and soil sample (0–30 cm). Different diversity indices were calculated for each sample. Cluster analysis and to collect soil samples detrended correspondence analysis were applied to categorize and investigate the vegetation trend. Indicator species analysis was used to determine the characteristic species. Tukey test was used to compare the variables amongst sites. The results showed that 47, 25, 15 species were exclusively observed in less disturbed, moderately disturbed and severely disturbed sites, respectively. Furthermore, cluster analysis illustrated the distinction amongst sites and detrended correspondence analysis result showed that the vegetation of the regions was ordinated by disturbance gradient. 21, 5, 7 characteristic species were respectively indicated in less disturbed, moderately disturbed and severely disturbed sites. In general, plant composition, plant diversity and soil quality were decreased dramatically along the disturbance gradient.
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Duffková, R., e H. Libichová. "Effects of cattle slurry application on plant species composition of moderately moist Arrhenatherion grassland". Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 11 (7 de novembro de 2013): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/62/2013-pse.

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Cattle slurry is frequently used fertilizer on grasslands, but little is known about its effect on plant species composition. The aim of this study was therefore to assess effect of different application rates of cattle slurry (S0 – 0, S1 – 60, S2 – 120, S3 – 180, S4 – 240 kg N/ha/year) on the plant species composition of three-cut grassland. The study was performed over 6 years on moderately moist upland Arrhenatherion grassland in the Czech Republic dominated by Alopecurus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, and Poa spp. Species composition recorded in treatments with application of cattle slurry in rate up to 120 kg N/ha/year was similar to the unfertilized control. During first three years, species richness was similar in all treatments and then decreased the most in S4 followed by S3 treatment. Cover of short forbs increased in S0 and decreased with an increase in slurry application rate which supported tall grasses. Application of cattle slurry up to 120 kg N/ha/year can be considered as suitable compromise between maintenance of species rich grasslands and requirements of farmers for sufficient forage production.
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Montesinos-Tubée, Daniel B., Karle V. Sýkora, Víctor Quipuscoa-Silvestre e Antoine M. Cleef. "Species composition and phytosociology of xerophytic plant communities after extreme rainfall in South Peru". Phytocoenologia 45, n.º 3 (1 de novembro de 2015): 203–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/phyto/2015/0023.

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Urbina, Ifigenia, Jordi Sardans, Oriol Grau, Carl Beierkuhnlein, Anke Jentsch, Jüergen Kreyling e Josep Peñuelas. "Plant community composition affects the species biogeochemical niche". Ecosphere 8, n.º 5 (maio de 2017): e01801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1801.

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Korul’kina, L. M., G. E. Zhusupova, E. E. Shul’ts e K. B. Erzhanov. "Fatty-acid composition of two Limonium plant species". Chemistry of Natural Compounds 40, n.º 5 (setembro de 2004): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0002-5.

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Posatska, Nataliya M., Оxana А. Struk, Andrii R. Grytsyk, Tetiana H. Stasiv e Anatolii O. Klymenko. "Research of element composition of Verbena species". Pharmacia 68, n.º 1 (12 de fevereiro de 2021): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e46513.

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Violation of homeostasis is often connected with a deficiency or excess of certain elements. Undeniable value of biologically active substances of plants is that they are contained in plant raw material in natural balanced complexes and they are an important source of macro- and microelements for a human organism. Study of a chemical composition, including macro- and microelements, a pharmacological effect of Verbena species is a basis for conduction of further researches. There are 250 species of Verbena genus, 3 of which, namely Verbena officinalis L., Verbena supina L. and Verbena hybrida Hort are growing in Ukraine. The aim of our research was to study macro- and microelements in the raw material of Verbena genus species, to reveal the influence of the conditions of growing on the content of elements in the Verbena officinalis L. herb, to compare element composition of the Verbena officinalis L. herb and herbal extracts. Macro- and microelement composition of raw material was researched by using the method of atom-emission spectrometry with inductively bounded plasma iCAP 7000 Duo. To determine the influence of the conditions of increase of macro- and microelements in Verbena officinalis L. herb, their quantity in soils and plants from different areas of growing was defined. To reveal the intensity of absorption of macro- and microelements from the soil by the plants, the coefficients of their biological accumulation were calculated. The comparative determination of the element composition of Verbena officinalis L. herb and herbal extracts VOH-0 (extractant – purified water) and VOH-7 (extractant – 70% ethanol) was also carried out to determine the degree of elements transfer from plant raw material into extracts. Results of the research show that in the samples of Verbena officinalis L. herb, Verbena hybrida Hort. herb and Verbena supine L. leaves there are 22 inorganic elements. Results of studying of element composition of Verbena officinalis L. herb and samples of soil from different areas of growing in Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil regions show that the quantitative and qualitative compositions of microelements depend on element exchange of these plants, conditions of growing and element composition of soil. The reverse dependence between the content of most elements in the soil and the coefficient of their accumulation in plants was found out. Concentration of elements in the herb and extracts was identified to have the same profile, but the quantitative content of elements was different, which was influenced by the extractor (purified water, 70% ethanol). Results of our research are currently relevant; they should be taken into account in the development of new herbal medicines, which would have desirable pharmacological effect in the future.
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Plant species composition"

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Gubsch, Marlén. "Plant species and functional group responses to changes in plant community diversity and composition : functional traits, species interactions and resource use /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18342.

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Barbarasch, Bruce Michael. "Effects of surrounding land use on plant species composition in urban forest fragments". PDXScholar, 2005. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4130.

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As human development occurs in forested areas, forests become fragmented into small islands in a matrix of urban land uses. This study examined the effect of surrounding urban land uses on the native and exotic plant species found on the edges of forest fragments in the Portland, OR metropolitan region.
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Fribley, Laura A. "Woody plant species composition in forest fragments at Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge". Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1339145.

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Several invasive woody plants grow in forest fragments at Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge in Seymour, Indiana. The objective of this study was to determine what woody species were growing in two upland forests and to assess the level of dominance that invasive species had in these areas. The variables of depth into the forest and directional aspect were also considered. Thirty-two belt transects were sampled and 54 woody species were found, including six invasive species: Ailanthus altissima (tree-ofheaven), Berberis thunbergii (Japanese barberry), Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive), Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle), Lonicera maackii (amur honeysuckle), and Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose). Importance values were calculated as an indicator of relative species dominance. Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Cluster analysis suggested that the invasive species were grouped on the forest edge transects; aspect was not found to be a determinant in where invasive species grew. Correlation coefficients demonstrated a significant difference between transect depth and the following variables at both forests: woody species density per transect, invasive species dominance, Elaeagnus umbellata density per hectare, and Lonicera japonica dominance. Rosa multiflora was one of the three most dominant understory species in both forests; on the edge transect, it was one of the top two. Soil temperatures were also measured at each transect, but no consistent trends were found within the data. In light of resources available, it is suggested that land managers focus on controlling Rosa multiflora and Ailanthus altissima.
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
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Snyder, Keirith A. 1967. "Patterns of plant species diversity and composition in a semi-arid riparian ecosystem". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278513.

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Understanding plant community structure is fundamental to successful restoration and conservation of riparian ecosystems. High plant species diversity is often cited as an important characteristic of riparian areas. Graphical summaries, principal components analysis, and analysis of variance were used on species composition and abundance data to determine community patterns in riparian areas and surrounding uplands. Woody plant composition varied with relative elevation above the primary channel, but herbaceous composition appeared unaffected by proximity to the riparian area. Alpha diversity indices, richness, Shannon's H', and Simpson's D, were not always higher within the riparian area. Alpha diversity of woody plants demonstrated no consistent pattern, however vertical structural diversity was highest near the stream. Herbaceous plants showed increased diversity in floodplain sites and decreased diversity in hillslopes sites, suggesting that topographical profile influenced diversity. Herbaceous richness was better predicted from overstory characteristics than herbaceous biomass and environmental variables.
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Bauer, Robert Benjamin. "Mob stocking effects on herbage nutritive value, herbage accumulation, and plant species composition". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73914.

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Mob stocking is a variation of rotational stocking known for restricting a large number of animals to a small area before being moved to new grass after a few hours. This method allows a long (90-day) recovery period but was hypothesized to diminish the nutritional value of herbage relative to continuous and rotational stocking with lesser stocking density at similar stocking rates. This thesis summarizes two studies conducted in Blacksburg and Raphine, and in Steeles Tavern, VA, respectively, at a single beef cattle stocking rate of 12 animal unit months per hectare live body weight. The objectives were to: (1) compare the yield and nutritional value of herbage in pastures managed with three stocking methods, termed mob, rotational, and continuous stocking; (2) compare the abundance of seeded clover species among the stocking methods; and (3) estimate the nutritional value of herbage that is consumed by beef cattle during mob stocking using extrusa sampled from esophageally-cannulated animals. Analysis of standing herbage during two years produced several important findings. Although standing herbage mass was significantly greater in mob stocked pastures at Blacksburg and Raphine, aboveground net primary productivity in 2014 did not differ significantly among mob, rotational, and continuous stocking at any of the project locations. Herbage nutritive value did not differ significantly among stocking methods over two years at Blacksburg and Raphine; however, herbage from mob stocked pastures at Steeles Tavern contained significantly greater concentrations of crude protein in September and October relative to herbage from continuous- and rotationally-stocked pastures at those times. Differences in herbage mass likely contributed to significant differences in establishment of seeded clovers: red clover [Trifolium pratense L. Cinnamon Plus] establishment was similar among stocking methods but white clover [Trifolium repens L. Will] establishment was greater in continuously stocked pastures than mob and rotationally stocked pastures. Hand-clipped samples collected at Blacksburg in September 2014 significantly underestimated the crude protein content of the herbage selected by the steers, although the concentrations of fiber constituents in herbage did not differ significantly between clipped samples and esophageal samples. Although the nutritive value of the herbage on offer did not generally differ among stocking methods at this stocking rate, diet selected was at times less nutritious during mob stocking than continuous and rotational stocking methods. At this stocking rate, stocking method had less influence on pastures than seasonal variation in weather and plant maturity.
Master of Science
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Garratt, Iain Michael Ronald. "The assessment of variable buffer zones to manage rocky ridges in Johannesburg, Gauteng / I.M.R. Garratt". Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/18.

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Hunter, Dakota. "Invasive Species Research in Compensatory Wetland Mitigation: Investigating Plant Community Composition and Environmental Correlates with Three Invasive Plants". W&M ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1563899036.

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Invasive plant species can alter natural communities and degrade ecosystem function, yet the factors influencing species invasion are poorly understood. Understanding how environmental factors affect plant invasion on compensatory wetland mitigation sites would allow wetland managers to approach invasive species management using a proactive approach (prior to invasion), thus minimizing the likelihood of invasive plants colonizing the system and degrading ecosystem function. In Chapter 1, I introduce the concepts and relevant literature used repeatedly in my project. In Chapter 2, I examine which key environmental factors are associated with altered plant community structure and invasive species prevalence on compensatory wetland mitigation sites. In Chapter 3, I look further into the plant community assemblage at each of my study sites and examine differences in the plant community at varying levels of invasive plant prevalence. For this study, Arthraxon hispidus (small carpet grass), Microstegium vimineum (Japanese stilt grass), and Typha spp. (cattail) were selected as representative invasive plants due to their abundance on non-tidal wetland mitigation sites, as well as their relative differences in ecological tolerance for environmental conditions (e.g., light availability or flooding). Within populations of these species, transects consisting of five 4m2 plots were established on 34 wetland mitigation sites within the Coastal Plain and Piedmont physiographic provinces in Virginia. Along transects, plots were randomly assigned to locations that captured the gradient from completely invaded (invasive species dominant) to uninvaded (invasive species absent or nearly so). For each plot, vegetation abundance data, soil samples, and canopy imagery were obtained for analysis. In Chapter 2, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) reveals iron, phosphorus, calcium, carbon:nitrogen ratio, canopy cover, and hydrology as correlates with variation in plant community composition across the invasion gradient. In Chapter 3, Spearman rank correlation results show no significant relationship between native species richness and invasive species abundance for any of the three species examined. Further analysis using Sørensen indices of similarity and species accumulation curves corroborate this result. Further study is required to determine causality in the relationships between invasive species and environmental variables, but results demonstrate the need for function-based criteria regarding invasive species management on compensatory wetland mitigation sites. Current standards encourage the use of non-specific herbicides, which may increase the risk of damaging native plant communities and perpetuating the cycle of disturbance and re-invasion on wetland mitigation sites.
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Mangan, Scott A. "Importance of the species composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to tropical tree seedlings". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3243802.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Biology, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 18, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-12, Section: B, page: 6842. Adviser: James D. Bever.
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Wright, Gabrielle A. Wright. "WHITE-TAILED DEER BROWSE PREFERENCE FOR AN INVASIVE SHRUB, AMUR HONEYSUCKLE, DEPENDS ON WOODY SPECIES COMPOSITION". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1510834316256772.

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Hammond, Daniel N. Jr. "Characterization of Vascular Plant Species Composition and Relative Abundance in Southern Appalachian Mixed-Oak Forests". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36614.

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Eight study sites were established in mid-elevation, south aspect, mixed-oak forests in the Ridge and Valley and Allegheny Mountain physiographic provinces of Southwestern Virginia and West Virginia to address questions concerning the variability in species composition, richness, and relative abundance of vascular plant species in those communities. All forest strata were sampled using a nested plot design. Variability in species richness and species composition was found to be high. Total species richness values ranged from 84 to 273, and Sorrenson's Coefficient of Similarity index values indicated that approximately 46, 38, and 51 percent of the species in the overstory, mid-story, and herb stratum were the same among sites, respectively. However, despite differences in composition and richness, K-S tests revealed significant differences in the distribution of ranked relative abundance only in the mid-story at two sites. Differences did occur in the relative abundance of twelve growth form categories. While tree seedlings and perennial herbs dominated, on average, woody vines and fern species represented substantial coverage on sites in the Allegheny Mountains. Correlations among forest strata were weak. The greatest amount of variation in species richness was attributiable to the standard deviation of a forest site quality index (FSQI), which was thought to represent the variation in microtopography across each site. The lack of correlation and high variability in plant species richness and composition, despite similarities in topographic characteristics, reinforce the inherent weaknesses involved with using the chronosequence approach to studying ecological responses in the Southern Appalachian mixed-oak region. Future remeasurement and long term monitoring of these study sites, following the implementation of silvicultural manipulations, will provide the information needed to make inference on the effects of forest management practices on Southern Appalachian mixed-oak forests.
Master of Science
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Livros sobre o assunto "Plant species composition"

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Henderson, Richard A. Plant species composition of Wisconsin prairies: An aid to selecting species for plantings and restorations based upon University of Wisconsin-Madison Plant Ecology Laboratory data. Madison, WI: Dept. of Natural Resources, 1995.

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Willoughby, Michael. Rangeland reference areas: Species composition changes in the presence and absence of grazing and fire on the rough fescue-hairy wildrye dominated community types of the Upper Foothills subregion. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Environment, Land and Forest Service, 2000.

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Hetherington, Mark. Natural chemicals from northern prairie plants: The phytochemical contents of one thousand North American species. Saskatoon, Sask: Fytokem Products, 1997.

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Soest, Francien van. Factors determining location and species composition of wet grasslands in southwest England. Utrecht: Royal Dutch Geographical Society, 2005.

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Clauser, Marina, Andrea Grigioni e Mario Landi, eds. Peperoncini. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-951-9.

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The chili pepper is a spice and medicinal remedy used since ancient times by the American peoples who were the first to undertake the domestication of 5 species belonging to the genus Capsicum (Solanaceae): Capsicum (Solanaceae): Capsicum annuum, C. baccatum, C. chinense, C. frutescens e C. pubescens. After the sixteenth century the chili pepper became similarly popular in other continents and today the five species number many reference pod-types and over 3,000 varieties. The book describes their uses in the different spheres of cuisine (aromatic, spicy and colourful), medicine (antioxidant and digestive for internal use, rubefacient and anti-rheumatic for external use) and ornamentation (cut branches, floral compositions, border plants, splashes of colour).
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Golubkina, Nadezhda, Elena Kekina, Anna Molchanova e Sergey Nadezhkin. Antioxidants of plants and methods of their definition. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1045420.

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The monograph presents the most simple and widely used methods for determining the most important of plant antioxidants: vitamin C, polyphenols, carotenoids, capsaicin, and belinovich photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, anthocyanins, alkaloids, tannins, and minerals antioxidant: selenium and iodine. Special attention is paid to methods of extraction of antioxidants, providing maximum extraction of antioxidants from plant material, and the correct selection of the most appropriate method of analysis of one or another component. Provides detailed information developed by the authors method of using thin layer chromatography to assess the carotenoid composition of tomatoes and peppers. The data presented here include results of research conducted on the basis of FICO, as well as the latest developments of foreign scientists devoted to natural antioxidants and methods of their determination. Presented in this monograph methodology was successfully tested in the laboratory and analytical Department of PNCO in 2012-2018. For students and teachers and all interested in horticulture and agriculture.
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Risvold, Ann M. Plant species diversity and community composition in montane wetlands in the North Cascades. 1997.

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Clark, Deborah Louise. Factors determining species composition of post-disturbance vegetation following logging and burning of an old growth Douglas-fir forest. 1990.

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Ehnes, James W. The influences of site conditions, age and disturbance by wildfire or winter logging on the species composition of naturally regenerating boreal plant communities and some implications for community resilience. [Winnipeg :$bs.n.], 1998.

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Wilsey, Brian J. Nutrient Cycling and Energy Flow in Grasslands. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744511.003.0004.

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Net primary productivity (NPP) is the amount of C or biomass that accumulates over time and is photosynthesis—autotroph respiration. Annual NPP is estimated by summing positive biomass increments across time periods during the growing season, including offtake to herbivores, which can be high in grasslands. Remote sensing techniques that are used to assess NPP are discussed by the author. Belowground productivity can be high in grasslands, and it is important to carbon storage. Across grasslands on a geographic scale, NPP, N mineralization, and soil organic C all increase with annual precipitation. Within regions, NPP can be strongly affected by the proportion of C4 plant species and animal species composition and diversity. Humans are adding more N to the environment than all the natural forms of addition (fixation and lightning) combined. Animals, especially herbivores, can have strong effects on how plants respond to changes in changes in resource availability.
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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Plant species composition"

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Sekiya, Jiro, Hiroaki Koiso, Akihiko Morita e Akikazu Hatanaka. "Molecular Species Composition of Phosphatidylglycerol in Leaves of Camellia Species and Chilling Sensitivity". In The Metabolism, Structure, and Function of Plant Lipids, 377–80. Boston, MA: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5263-1_70.

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Norman, Helen A., Judith B. St. John, Franklin E. Callahan, Autar K. Mattoo e William P. Wergin. "Lipid Molecular Species Composition of Granal and Stromal Lamellae". In The Metabolism, Structure, and Function of Plant Lipids, 193–95. Boston, MA: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5263-1_33.

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Kendig, Amy E., S. Luke Flory, Erica M. Goss, Robert D. Holt, Keith Clay, Philip F. Harmon, Brett R. Lane, Ashish Adhikari e Christopher M. Wojan. "The role of pathogens in plant invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 208–25. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0208.

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Abstract Plant-pathogen interactions occur throughout the process of plant invasion: pathogens can acutely influence plant survival and reproduction, while the large densities and spatial distributions of invasive plant species can influence pathogen communities. However, interactions between invasive plants and pathogens are often overlooked during the early stages of invasion. As with introductions of invasive plants, the introduction of agricultural crops to new areas can also generate novel host-pathogen interactions. The close monitoring of agricultural plants and resulting insights can inform hypotheses for invasive plants where research on pathogen interactions is lacking. This chapter reviews the known and hypothesized effects of pathogens on the invasion process and the effects of plant invasion on pathogens and infectious disease dynamics throughout the process of invasion. Initially, pathogens may inhibit the transport of potentially invasive plants. After arrival in a new range, pathogens can facilitate or inhibit establishment success of introduced plants depending on their relative impacts on the introduced plants and resident species. As invasive plants spread, they may encounter novel pathogens and alter the abundance and geographic range of pathogens. Pathogens can mediate interactions between invasive plants and resident species and may influence the long-term impacts of invasive plants on ecosystems. As invasive plants shift the composition of pathogen communities, resident species could be subject to higher disease risk. We highlight gaps in invasion biology research by providing examples from the agricultural literature and propose topics that have received little attention from either field.
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Wandrag, Elizabeth M., e Jane A. Catford. "Competition between native and non-native plants." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 281–307. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0281.

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Abstract The introduction of species to new locations leads to novel competitive interactions between resident native and newly-arriving non-native species. The nature of these competitive interactions can influence the suitability of the environment for the survival, reproduction and spread of non-native plant species, and the impact those species have on native plant communities. Indeed, the large literature on competition among plants reflects its importance in shaping the composition of plant communities, including the invasion success of non-native species. While competition and invasion theory have historically developed in parallel, the increasing recognition of the synergism between the two themes has led to new insights into how non-native plant species invade native plant communities, and the impacts they have on those plant communities. This chapter provides an entry point into the aspects of competition theory that can help explain the success, dominance and impacts of invasive species. It focuses on resource competition, which arises wherever the resources necessary for establishment, survival, reproduction and spread are in limited supply. It highlights key hypotheses developed in invasion biology that relate to ideas of competition, outlines biotic and abiotic factors that influence the strength of competition and species' relative competitive abilities, and describes when and how competition between non-native and native plant species can influence invasion outcomes. Understanding the processes that influence the strength of competition between non-native and native plant species is a necessary step towards understanding the causes and consequences of biological invasions.
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Zhao, Juanjuan, Zhiyun Ouyang, Hua Zheng, Weiqi Zhou, Xiaoke Wang, Weihua Xu e Yongming Ni. "Plant species composition in green spaces within the built-up areas of Beijing, China". In Plant Ecology in China, 9–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9993-8_2.

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Baniya, Chitra Bahadur, Torstein Solhøy e Ole R. Vetaas. "Temporal changes in species diversity and composition in abandoned fields in a trans-Himalayan landscape, Nepal". In Herbaceous Plant Ecology, 19–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2798-6_2.

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da Silva, Luiz Everson, e Camila Confortin. "Essential Oil-Bearing Plant Species of the Atlantic Rain Forest of Brazil: Chemical Composition and Biological Activities". In Plant-derived Bioactives, 395–407. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1761-7_16.

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Pham Thi, A. T., F. Monteiro de Paula, G. Herbert, A. M. Justin, C. Demandre e P. Mazliak. "Effects of Water Stress on Molecular Species Composition of Polar Lipids from Vigna Unguiculata Leaves". In Biological Role of Plant Lipids, 531–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1303-8_117.

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Sandelius, Anna Stina, Anders S. Carlsson, Håkan Pleijel, Lars I. Hellgren, Göran Wallin e Gun Selldén. "The Leaf Acyl Lipid Composition of Plants Exposed to Moderately Enhanced Levels of Ozone: Species, Age and Dose Dependence". In Plant Lipid Metabolism, 459–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8394-7_125.

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Bañuelos, G. S., L. Wu, S. Akohoue, S. Zambrzuski e R. Mead. "Trace element composition of different plant species used for remediation of boron-laden soils". In Plant Nutrition — from Genetic Engineering to Field Practice, 425–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1880-4_88.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Plant species composition"

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Drozdova, I. V., E. M. Machs, N. V. Alekseeva-Popova, I. B. Kalimova e A. I. Belyaeva. "North Caucasian populations of species of the genus Alyssum: mineral composition and molecular phylogenetic analysis". In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-156.

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Vasilieva, I. V., T. D. Tatarinova, L. V. Vetchinnikova, A. A. Perk e A. G. Ponomarev. "Composition and seasonal changes in dehydrins in the kidneys of different species of birch in contrasting regions". In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-94.

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"Genome composition and divergence between Russian boreal species in the genus Elymus (Poaceae), as assessed by nuclear gene GBSS1 sequencing". In Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/plantgen2019-007.

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Filip, A., I. Boz, S. Dunca, G.-A. Ștefan e M.-M. Zamfirache. "Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of two Mentha species essential oils". In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400014.

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Nikelshparg, M. I., E. V. Glinskaya, V. V. Anikin e E. I. Nickelshparg. "The species composition of gall bacteria formed on the hawk of the mighty Hieraciumrobustum Fr. s. L., 1848 walnut Aulacideahieracii Bouche,1834". In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-310.

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Zvonarev, S. N., V. S. Matskevich, K. Angelis e V. V. Demidchik. "Qualitative composition of reactive oxygen species generated by salinization and assessment of the effect of elevated NaCl levels on DNA stability in Physcomitrella patens cells". In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-178.

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ABRAITIENĖ, Jolita, Gerda ŠILINGIENĖ, Rasa VAITKEVIČIŪTĖ e Regina VASINAUSKIENĖ. "THE DIVERSITY OF HERBACEOUS VEGETATION AFTER FOREST FIRE". In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.105.

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Forest fire is an uncontrolled combustion of flammable materials in forested and non-forested areas. In Lithuania forest fires mainly occur in late spring and summer, mostly in young coniferous forests (Forest ..., 1987). The studies of herbaceous plants in fireplaces were carried out in 2016 in Jurbarkas SFE. Ground-level forest fire increased the projection coverage of herbaceous plants and their species composition in the fireplaces. According to the average data of the survey, 18 herbaceous plant species were ascertained in the fireplace and 14 species in the control stand. During the first year after fire, 9 new species were recorded in the fireplace and 5 species have disappeared, while in the seventh year - 7 new species were recorded and 1 disappeared, as compared with the control stand. Summarizing the obtained data it can be stated that low-intensity ground-level forest fire in pine forest increased the number of herbaceous plant species, however, the number of new and extinct species has been gradually decreasing, suggesting that in the fireplaces the diversity of herbaceous plant species will be like in the control stand.
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Grabelnykh, O. I., T. P. Pobezhimova, O. A. Borovik, A. V. Stepanov, T. G. Ermine, A. V. Korsukova, N. S. Zabanova, K. A. Kirichenko e V. K. Voinikov. "Plant resistance to hypo- and hyperthermia: the relationship between changes in the fatty acid composition, the content of reactive oxygen species and the contribution of alternative oxidase to respiration mitochondria". In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-134.

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"Diversity and Species Composition of Epiphytic Terrestrial Algae Exposed to Sulphur Dioxide Emissions Released From Power Plant Station". In Dec. 9-10, 2019 Pattaya (Thailand). Dignified Researchers Publication, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/dirpub7.dir1219213.

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Turbina, I. N., e G. M. Kukurichkin. "ANALYSIS OF THE PIGMENT STATUS OF SOME SPECIES OF GENUS ACER L. USING THE PROGRAM STATISTICA". In Prirodopol'zovanie i ohrana prirody: Ohrana pamjatnikov prirody, biologicheskogo i landshaftnogo raznoobrazija Tomskogo Priob'ja i drugih regionov Rossii. Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-954-9-2020-56.

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The present paper is aimed at the analysis of adaptation mechanisms of five species of the genus Acer L. in the culture of the botanical garden.With this view we studied the indices of the pigment complex (nitrogen balance - Nbi, flavonols - Flv and chlorophyll - Ch) in the assimilating organs of plants. It was revealed that the pigment composition of plant leaves indicates their relatively high physiological status. An increase in biochemical parameters (Nbi,Chl, Flv) was identified by the end of summer in comparison with the beginning of summer period, which testifies to the formation of the protective function of the plant in the pre-winter period. The following statistical methods were used for test results interpretation: Shapiro – Wilk tests, Mann – Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallisand criteria.
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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Plant species composition"

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Barbarasch, Bruce. Effects of surrounding land use on plant species composition in urban forest fragments. Portland State University Library, janeiro de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6013.

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Dimitrova-Dyulgerova, Ivanka, Yulian Marinov, Tsvetelina Mladenova, Plamen Stoyanov e Albena Stoyanova. Essential Oils Composition of the Endemic Bulgarian Plant Species Micromeria frivaldszkyana (Degen) Velen. (Lamiaceae). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, dezembro de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.11.05.

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Wright, Kirsten. Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis and Recommendations for Metro. Portland State University, março de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.64.

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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.
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Leis, Sherry. Vegetation community monitoring at Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial: 2011–2019. National Park Service, abril de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284711.

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Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial celebrates the lives of the Lincoln family including the final resting place of Abraham’s mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln. Lincoln’s childhood in Indiana was a formative time in the life our 16th president. When the Lincoln family arrived in Indiana, the property was covered in the oak-hickory forest type. They cleared land to create their homestead and farm. Later, designers of the memorial felt that it was important to restore woodlands to the site. The woodlands would help visitors visualize the challenges the Lincoln family faced in establishing and maintaining their homestead. Some stands of woodland may have remained, but significant restoration efforts included extensive tree planting. The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network began monitoring the woodland in 2011 with repeat visits every four years. These monitoring efforts provide a window into the composition and structure of the wood-lands. We measure both overstory trees and the ground flora within four permanently located plots. At these permanent plots, we record each species, foliar cover estimates of ground flora, diameter at breast height of midstory and overstory trees, and tree regeneration frequency (tree seedlings and saplings). The forest species composition was relatively consistent over the three monitoring events. Climatic conditions measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index indicated mild to wet conditions over the monitoring record. Canopy closure continued to indicate a forest structure with a closed canopy. Large trees (>45 cm DBH) comprised the greatest amount of tree basal area. Sugar maple was observed to have the greatest basal area and density of the 23 tree species observed. The oaks characteristic of the early woodlands were present, but less dominant. Although one hickory species was present, it was in very low abundance. Of the 17 tree species recorded in the regeneration layer, three species were most abundant through time: sugar maple (Acer saccharum), red bud (Cercis canadensis), and ash (Fraxinus sp.). Ash recruitment seemed to increase over prior years and maple saplings transitioned to larger size classes. Ground flora diversity was similar through time, but alpha and gamma diversity were slightly greater in 2019. Percent cover by plant guild varied through time with native woody plants and forbs having the greatest abundance. Nonnative plants were also an important part of the ground flora composition. Common periwinkle (Vinca minor) and Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) continued to be the most abundant nonnative species, but these two species were less abundant in 2019 than 2011. Unvegetated ground cover was high (mean = 95%) and increased by 17% since 2011. Bare ground increased from less than 1% in 2011 to 9% in 2019, but other ground cover elements were similar to prior years. In 2019, we quantified observer error by double sampling two plots within three of the monitoring sites. We found total pseudoturnover to be about 29% (i.e., 29% of the species records differed between observers due to observer error). This 29% pseudoturnover rate was almost 50% greater than our goal of 20% pseudoturnover. The majority of the error was attributed to observers overlooking species. Plot frame relocation error likely contributed as well but we were unable to separate it from overlooking error with our design.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson e Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands in Southeast Arizona and Southwest New Mexico’s Major Land Resource Area 41. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, agosto de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6818230.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altered species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates and/or a change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state-and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are necessary at the local level to inform local management decisions and help to ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level: it is based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and to support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 41.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson e Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, janeiro de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6876399.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson e Albert Rango Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands in Southeast Arizona and Southwest New Mexico’s Major Land Resource Area 41. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, agosto de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6947060.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altered species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates and/or a change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state-and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are necessary at the local level to inform local management decisions and help to ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level: it is based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and to support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 41.
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8

Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson e Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, julho de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6947062.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites and their associated state–and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level, based on ecological sites and state-and-transition models that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for the selection of management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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9

Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson e Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, março de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6965584.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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